2005年全国研究生入学考试英语押题试卷(二)1
1 2005年全国研究生入学考试英语押题试卷（二）1
Recent legal research indicated that incorrect identification is a major factor in many miscarriages(失败) of justice. It also suggests that identification of people by witnesses in a courtroom is not as 1 as commonly believed. Recent studies do not support the 2 of faith judges, jurors, lawyers and the police have in eyewitness evidence. The Law Commission recently published an educational paper, "Total Recall? The Reliability of Witness 3 ", as a companion guide to a proposed code of evidence. The paper finds that commonly held 4 about how our minds work and how well we remember are often wrong. But while human memory is 5 change, it should not be underestimated. In court witnesses are asked to give evidence about events, and judges and juries 6 its reliability. The paper points out that memory is complex, and the reliability of any person's recall must be assessed 7 Both common sense and research say memory 8 over time. The accuracy of recall and recognition are 9 their best immediately 10 encoding the 2
information, declining at first rapidly, then gradually. The longer the delay, the more likely it is that information obtained after the event will interfere 11 the original memory, which reduces 12. The paper says 13 interviews or media reports can create such 14 . "People are particularly susceptible to having their memories 15 when the passage of time allows the original memory to 16 , and will be most susceptible if they repeat the 17 as fact." Witnesses may see or read information after the event, then 18 it to produce something 19 than what was experienced, significantly reducing the reliability of their memory of an event or offender, "Further, witnesses may strongly believe in their memories, even though aspects of those memories are 20 false." 1、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】B [A] trustful [B] reliable [C] innocent [D] considerable 2、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】B [A] rate 3
[B] degree [C] extent [D] scale 3、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】D [A] Manifestation [B] Declaration [C] Presentation [D] Testimony 4、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】A [A] perceptions [B] acceptances [C] permissions [D] receptions 5、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】A [A]subject to [B]liable for [C]incapable of [D]attributable to 6、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】A [A] assess [B] appreciate [C] calculate 4
[D] speculate 7、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】D [A] interactively [B] comparatively [C] horizontally [D] individually 8、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】B [A] descends [B] declines [C] inclines [D]degrades 9、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】A [A]at [B]in [C]on [D]upon 10、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】B [A]before [B]after [C]when [D]until 11、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】A 5
[A] with [B] in [C] at [D] on 12、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】B [A] appropriacy [B] accuracy [C] originality [D] preceding 13、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】C [A] consequent [B] successive [C] subsequent [D] preceding 14、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】A [A] distortions [B] transformed [C] malfunctions [D] malformations 15、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】D [A] altered [B] transformed 6
[C] converted [D] modified 16、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】A [A] fade [B] diminish [C] lessen [D] dwell 17、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】A [A] misinformation [B] mistreatment [C] misguidance [D] misjudgment 18、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】D [A] associate [B] connect [C] link [D] integrate 19、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】A [A] other [B] rather [C] more [D] less 7
20、（本题分值：1分）【正确答案】D [A] invariably [B] constantly [C] justifiably [D] verifiably 二、阅读理解题(每题1分，共20分)选择下列答案中正确的一个，选择您认为正确的答案 Text1 The first English settlers in North America were extraordinarily unlucky weather-wise, conclude scientists who have looked at centuries of climate data. Their analysis suggests that two-early-settlements reached crisis points because the colonists arrived during the worst periods of drought in 800 years. The fate of 120 colonists who arrived at Roanoke Island on the North Carolina coast in 1587 has always been a mystery. A supply ship from England docked in 1590 to find the colony abandoned, with few records to explain what had happened. Two decades later, the Jamestown colony in Virginia reported thousands of deaths from starvation, and the settlers came close to abandoning their new home. Historians have long blamed the failure at Roanoke and
2005年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案3精选全文完整版
精选全文完整版2005年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案3Text 3Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise” -- the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.” And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, “It’s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center. “If you don’t like it, change it.”Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain isas active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep -- when most vivid dreams occur -- as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the “emotional brain”) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. “We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day.” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.The link between dreams and emotions show up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events -- until, it appears, we begin to dream.And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time is occurs, try to wake up just enough to control itscourse. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we waken up in a panic,” Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep -- or rather dream -- on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.31. Researchers have come to believe that dreams ________.[A] can be modified in their courses[B] are susceptible to emotional changes[C] reflect our innermost desires and fears[D] are a random outcome of neural repairs32. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show ________.[A] its function in our dreams[B] the mechanism of REM sleep[C] the relation of dreams to emotions[D] its difference from the prefrontal cortex33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to ________.[A] aggravate in our unconscious mind[B] develop into happy dreams[C] persist till the time we fall asleep[D] show up in dreams early at night34. Cartwright seems to suggest that ________.[A] waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams[B] visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control[C] dreams should be left to their natural progression[D] dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious35. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have had dreams?[A] Lead your life as usual.[B] Seek professional help.[C] Exercise conscious control.[D] Avoid anxiety in the daytime.Text 4American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Musicand Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom,” for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.But the cult of the aut hentic and the personal, “doing our own thing,” has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question ofhis subtitle, why we should, like, care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive -- there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms -- he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china.”A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.36. According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English ________.[A] is inevitable in radical education reforms[B] is but all too natural in language development[C] has caused the controversy over the counter-culture[D] brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s37. The word “talking” (Line 6, paragraph 3) denotes ________.[A] modesty[B] personality[C] liveliness[D] informality38. To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?[A] Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.[B] Black English can be more expressive than standard English.[C] Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.[D] Of all the varieties, standard English can best convey complex ideas.39. The description of Russians’ love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s ________.[A] interest in their language[B] appreciation of their efforts[C] admiration for their memory[D] contempt for their old-fashionedness40. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” as ________.[A] “temporary” is to “permanent”[B] “radical” is to “conservative”[C] “functional” is to “artistic”[D] “humble” is to “noble”。
2005年12月研究生学位英语考试真题
2005年12月研究生英语学位课统考真题PAPER ONEPart I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A (1 point each)Directions:In this part, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The questions will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1.A. 5 minutes.B. 15 minutes.C. 20 minutes.D. 25 minutes.2.A. $200.B. $ 400.C. $300.D. $500.3.A. Because he has been hiding lately.B. Because he has been busy preparing his trip.C. Because he has been back home.D. Because he has to work hard for traveling expense.4.A. On a three-week trip.B. To their neighbors.C. On the way back home.D. To work.5.A. She gladly accepted it.B. She declined it politely.C. She firmly turned it down.D. She didn't know what to do.6.A. The girl's father had an accident yesterday.B. The girl's father was still in serious condition.C. The girl's father has been told about his daughter's real condition.D. The girl's father doesn't know anything about his daughter's real condition.7.A. 144 pounds.B. 164 pounds.C. 140 pounds.D. 154 pounds.8.A. A new flat.B. A trip to the island.C. A disease.D. A recent fire.9.A. Because of the bad weather.B. Because the food has spoiled.C. Because some people are sick.D. Because they had to prepare for an exam.Section B (1 point each)Directions: In this section you will hear two mini- talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Mini-talk One10.A. Science and TechnologyB. Arts and Social SciencesC. ArchitectureD. Humanities11.A. Psychology, sociology, history and economicsB. Psychology, sociology, history and linguisticsC. Biology, sociology, history and linguisticsD. Biology sociology, history and economics,12.A. They have difficulties seeing their lecturersB. They fail meeting deadlines for an essayC. They have difficulty going to classesD. Their lecturers are unavailableMini-talk Two13.A. At the beginning of the work day.B. In the middle of the work day.C. At the end of the work day.D. In the evening.14.A. In the basement.B. On the top floor.C. In a cafeteria.D. In the middle of the building.15.A. They took emergency elevators.B. They were rescued by the firemen.C. They waited until things returned to normal.D. They walked down the stairs.Section C (1 point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear a talk. Complete the notes below as you listen. You willhear the recording twice. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions below.(请在录音结束后把16－20题得答案抄写在答题纸上)PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C andD. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Markthe corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on yourmachine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. The vast crowd bust into spontaneous cheering at the skillful play.A. earnestB. volcanicC. heartyD. automatic22. Not everyone in the intelligence community was convinced the document was genuine.A. standardB. validC. neatD. lucid23. They found substantial evidence that exposure to nerve gas was responsible for theveterans' symptoms.A. contactB. betrayalC. exhibitionD. publication24. The majority of prospective adoptive parents use an adoption agency, while othersconsult adoption facilitators in the United States.A. confidentB. justifiedC. sensible D potential25.This patient must on no account be left unattended, even for one minute.A. not repeatedlyB. not in any circumstancesC. without any reasonD. with no explanation26.Only a few Furgans remain alive today, a fading anthropological link with the firstnative Americans.A. condescendingB. amplifyingC. prosperousD. vanishing27. He was as deliberate in his speech as he was in his work, weighing his wordsmomentously, even if they were only going to add up to a casual remark.A. a wittyB. an indifferentC. an offendingD. a humorous28. Embarrassed, he slung her over his shoulder and made a hasty exit.A. turnB. leapC. speech O. leave29. Eighty-five percent of people polled recently had not a clue what is meant by InfoTech,although 53% of those polled said they thought it sounded pretty important.A. inspectedB. registeredC. votedD. nominated30. It would be a way of preserving animals that are dying out because their habitat is beingdestroyed.A. mateB. prayC. territoryD. enemySection B (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A,B.C andD Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracketson your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.31. Mourinho is a young and _________ coach who is prepared to lead his team to win thechampionship in his first season.A. clumsyB. humorousC. ambitiousD. intimate32. Just wait for one second, I am ______ ready.A. all butB. all overC. at allD. at any moment33. If you can't think of anywhere to go on Saturday, we ___________ as well stay home.A. shouldB. mightC. canD. need34. A nation that does not know history is _________ t o repeat it.A. discouragedB. characterizedC. linkedD. fated35. They preferred a British Commonwealth or European arrangement, because this wassubstantially _ ______ their British thinking.A. in touch withB. in line withC. with relation toD. with reference to36. The traffic accident that delayed our bus gave us a _________ r eason for being late.A. promptB. vagueC. irritableD. legitimate37. The United States has 10 percent of the total petroleum _______ of the world in its ownterritory, and has been a major producer for decades.A. reservoirsB. reservationsC. reservesD. reproductions38. This is the world's first accurate ________ model of human heart in computer.A. settingB. laboringC. showingD. working39. In 2000 I visited Berkeley, where I began my long _____ with this world famousuniversity.A. interactionB. nominationC. reconstructionD. association40. _____, ads for phony business opportunities appear in the classified pages of dailyand weekly newspapers and magazines, and online.A. SpeciallyB. TypicallyC. EspeciallyD. CommonlyPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Directions: There are 10 questions in (his part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B. C. or D for eachblank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase youhave chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on yourmachine-scoring Answer Sheet.Earthquakes have never really affected Hong Kong, but this has not been the case on the mainland, where their effects throughout history have often been devastating, causing widespread destruction and loss of life.In ancient China, earthquakes were occasionally followed by riots and rebellions, so it was important for the emperor to find out about quakes in remote parts of the country as soon 41 occurred. This was 42 far from easy in an age before modern telecommunications.In the year 132 AD, however, the scientist and inventor, Zhang Heng, devised a forerunner of the modem seismograph (an instrument used by scientists to detect earthquakes).43 only could it detect a distant earthquake as it happened, but it could 44 in which direction the epicenter of the quake lay.The machine, was from metal, was almost two meters 45 and shaped like a vase. There were dragons' heads around the rim, each with a metal ball in its mouth. The ball were balanced 46 when the earth moved slightly, one of them would fall into the mouth of a metal toad at the base of the vase, 47 creating a loud noise to raise the alarm. The direction of the earthquake was indicated by 48 ball fell, and a special mechanism ensured that only one ball could fall.The device was viewed with considerable suspicion and doubt 49 especially since the first time it dropped a ball, no shock could be fell. Bui people changed their minds a few days later, when a messenger 50 news of a earthquake 700 km away.41. A. as it B. if they C. as they D. that it42. A naturally B. obvious C. clear D. hardly43. A. But B. Not C. Yet D. If44. A. show besides B. have to show C. also indicate D. also displaying45. A. across B. through C. length D. width46. A. in order to B. carefully if C. delicately D. so that47. A. besides B. thereby C. resulting D. further48. A. whichever B. how C. whenever D. the49. A to begin B. besides C. initially D. first50. A. would bring B. brought C. carrying D. had carriedFART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes. 30 points. I point each) Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passagecarefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from thefour choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across thesquare brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage 1In a new book published this month called "Cray Dawn," Peter G. Peterson predicts that in less than 25 years, senior citizens will comprise more than 18 percent of the entire U.S population—the same proportion as in Florida today. Put another way, that means that early in the 21st century, there will be more grandparents than grandchildren. Peterson, a former secretary of Commerce under Nixon, is primarily concerned with what the aging of America—a product of both longer life spans and falling birthrates—means for Social Security and Medicare. But the social ramifications will be at least as profound as the economic ones. Will all (hose seniors shift the balance of political power? How will Hollywood executives, funeral directors and the auto industry change their products to meet the demands of a markedly older public? Because women tend to outlive men, will an older America also be significantly more female? In short, what will America be like when we all become a Senior Nation?Anyone who has visited West Palm Beach or Tucson knows pan of the answer, lots of people driving very slowly in big cars on their way to early-bird dinners. But that's only the most broad-brush observation. The political changes alone will be enough to bury all those stereotypes about the feeble elderly. Peterson estimates that by 2038, people 65 and older will make up 34 percent of the electorate - up from only 16 percent in 1966. You think Social Security is a sacred cow now? And the battle over entitlements may get uglier. The 65-plus population is about 85 percent white. The younger generations - the ones footing the seniors' bills - are much more racially mixed. "What you've got is an overwhelmingly white generation with enormous influence, asking African-Americans. Hispanics and Asians to support them for decades." says Ken Dychtwald, president of Age Wave, a consulting firm that focuses on the maturing marketplace. "The tension becomes not only generational but racial."51. What is true of American population?A. Florida's population is 18% of the entire U.S. population.B. American people will represent 18% of the world's population.C. American population will increase by 18% early in the next century.D. Senior citizens will outnumber teenagers in less than 25 years in the U.S.52. According to Peterson, the aging of America is caused by ______ .A. social security and medicareB. shift in the balance of political powerC. longer life spans and falling birthratesD. social ramifications as well as economic ones53. Who is Peter G. Peterson?A. A funeral director.B. A Hollywood executive.C. A secretary of Commerce.D. The author of "Gray Dawn".54. "Gray Dawn" probably refers to the fact that ______ .A. the younger generations are much more racially mixedB. the U.S. will be significantly more female in the next centuryC. the stereotypes about the feeble elderly are being dispersed by political changesD. the U.S. is entering a stage when there are more grandparents than grandchildren55. What is the best title for the passage?A. The U.S.—a Senior NationB. The Senior Boom is ComingC. A Book Called "Gray Dawn"D. Generational and Racial TensionPassage 2Weary after centuries of fighting the surging North Sea from gushing into this low-lying nation, the Netherlands is rethinking how to keep Dutch feet dry.The traditional method of stopping flood water has been to build dikes. But at the Second World Water Forum, a five-day conference that was 10 start today in The Hague, Dutch water experts were to explain that the best way to handle the water may be to let it in.In the Netherlands —half of which lies below sea level —the Ministry of Water Management has designated several low-lying regions as "calamity flood plains" that would be used in emergencies to divert floodwaters from populated areas, spokesman Hans Scholten said.Referring to the fable of a Dutch boy named Hans Brinker who saved the nation from disaster by plugging a hole in the sea barrier. Undersecretary for Water Management Monique de Vries said: "Hans Brinker will have to take his finger out of the dike and pull on his galoshes."Although the country has built dikes and reclaimed land since the Middle Ages, repeated flooding of farmland in recent years and high maintenance costs have led to a rethinking about the old methods."Sometimes it doesn't make sense to ignore the processes of nature," said Bert Blase, spokesman for an association of regional water boards. "Hooding certain nature reserve areas every few years would be good for the environment."Pan of the plan involves widening river beds to allow larger volumes of water to How to the sea. Although it is still unclear how much land could eventually be allocated to the project — some inhabitants would have to be relocated — large areas of the eastern Dutch province of Gclderland have been labeled as suitable.While flooding is a serious threat to die Dutch, global warming could expose many more in this country of 15 million to drought and water pollution if governments do not take drastic measures, conference organizers have warned.More than 3.500 delegates from 150 countries will attend the conference, the follow-up to the first global water congress, which was held in Marrakech, Morocco, two years ago.With one-sixth of the world's population lacking clean drinking water, forum organizers have called for annual global spending on water problems to be more than doubled from about $70 billion or $80 billion to $180 billion.In the closing stages of the conference, ministers from more than 100 countries will meet to discuss sustainable water for the world's growing population and farmers who growcrops for mass consumption.56. What is the new idea the experts put forward to keep Dutch feet dry?A. To build more powerful damsB. To let the sea water in the insideC. To ignore the process of natureD. To flood certain nature reserves57. Hans Brinker is known as a national hero __________ .A. in Dutch history who succeeded in diverting floodwater from the populated areasB. who look his finger out of the dike and built a sea barrierC. who pulled his finger on his galoshes and saved the nation from being drownedD. a legend who saved the nation by stopping the sea flood in58. Which of the following is NOT included in the forth-coming Dutch project in saving thenation from possible sea floods?A. To designate some low-lying regions as "calamity flood plains".B. To let the sea flood certain nature reserve areas every few years.C. To broaden some river beds to allow more river water to flow to the sea.D. To expose many more areas of the country to drought or flood.59. All the following are the topics to be discussed in the Second World Water ForumEXCEPT _________ .A. how to divert floodwaters from the populated areas of HollandB. how to reduce water pollution and provide more healthy drinking water for the growingpopulationC. how to help farmers to keep on the sustainable agriculture by watering their cropstimelyD. h ow to take measures to slow down the ever-accelerating global warming-uptendency60. The best way to paraphrase the sentence "Sometimes it doesn't make sense to ignore theprocess of nature" is ______________ .A. Sometimes it's no use ignoring the process of natureB. In some cases man can and must neglect the law of natureC. It would often be harmful for Man to go against the process of natureD. Man must always follow the way of how things are going onPassage 3"Refrigerator production in China jumped from 1.4 million units in 1985 to 10.6 million in 1998," according to David Fridley, a researcher in the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. USA.The Global Environmental Facility, through the United Nations Development Program, has decided to fund $9.3 million of die $40 million program to help the government of China transform its market for refrigerators. The refrigerator project began in 1989 when the EPA signed an agreement with the government of China to assist in the elimination of CFCs from refrigerators. Berkeley Lab has been involved in the project since 1995 through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, developing the market transformation program based on the success of the first phase of die project, which involved designing and testing CFC(chlorofluorocabon 含氯氟氰) free, energy efficient refrigerators. Fridley says that beyond his technical supervisory role, the Laboratory will be involved in training and working with the State Bureau of Technical Supervision as the new efficiency standards are developed."Market transformation," Fridley explains, "is the process of shifting consumer demand for a product, in this case to a more energy efficient, environmentally favorable product through voluntary, market based means such as technical assistance and training for manufacturers, consumer education, and financial incentives to manufacture and sell the more efficient product.""Collectively, we developed a technical training program for Chinese refrigerator manufacturers interested in developing CFC free, efficient refrigerators; a financial incentive program to motivate manufacturers to build the most efficient refrigerator possible; and a mass purchasing program for Chinese government agencies that acquire refrigerators in bulk." Fridley says.In 1998, the refrigerator project was awarded, an International Climate Protection Award by the EPA. "It is not widely known in the United States, but China has had an energy efficiency policy in place since the early 1980s," says Mark Levine, Environmental Energy Technologies Division director and an advisor to the Chinese government on energy efficiency. "The government of China is committed to using energy more efficiently, and this has allowed the economy to grow at nearly twice the rate of energy consumption. "'The Energy-Efficient Refrigerator Project will have a significant, direct effect on reducing greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions. We at Berkeley Lab are grateful to have the chance to work with the people and government of China on this project, as well as on our other refrigerator production projects in energy data analysis, appliance efficiency standards, and technical advice on cogeneration plants." adds Levine.61. The main idea of this passage is about ___________ .A. the refrigerator production in China supported by UN and USAB. the energy-efficient refrigerator project in China aided by the UNC. the American aid to the Chinese government in environmental protectionD. the tremendous increase of China's refrigerator production62. From what the two American researchers said we can conclude that _______ ,A. the American experts working in the refrigerator project are disappointed at China'srefrigerator productionB. the American researchers are particularly worried about China's over-emission ofCCFC into the airC. the American researchers in refrigerator technology enjoy their opportunity to work inChinaD. the American experts see China as the best place to increase their export ofrefrigerator technology63. According to Fridley. "Market transformation" means __ .A. giving a practical guide to the consumers' needs as which products are betterB. strengthening the training of designers and manufacturers and educate the consumersto distinguish right products from the fake onesC. producing high-quality products that can reach the international standards forenvironmental protectionD. trying to meet the demand of the consumers by improving the quality of productscomprehensively64. The pronoun "it" in the sentence "It is not widely known in the United States"(Paragraph 5) may refer to _____.A. an International Climate Protection AwardB. the EPA, that is, the U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyC. the refrigerator project that won the awardD. the mass purchasing program for Chinese government agencies65. Why is the Energy-Efficient Refrigerator Project of great significance to China's furtherdevelopment?A. Because the project will have a significant, direct effect on reducing greenhousegas and pollutant emissions.B. Because the Chinese government is eager to improve its people's livingconditions.C. Because the Chinese government is determined to protect the environment frombeing destroyed by industrial pollution.D. Because the Chinese government is eager to up-to-date the production of its electronicindustry.Passage 4By the mid-nineteenth century, in addition to its natural resources, the United Slates had accumulated enough capital in the form of factories to productively employ a large amount of labor, or human resources. A nation that still consisted largely of independent farmers could not provide an adequate labor supply for heavy industrialization. But millions of new workers came to the United States from abroad.As we are all aware, not all these workers arrived voluntarily. Slaves were brought from Africa to the South; they were put to work on plantations to extract maximum harvests from the cotton fields. But in the North, the machines that turned that cotton into textiles were worked by massive waves of immigrants who came willingly from one part of Europe after another. This vastly expanded pool of labor allowed from large leaps in our national output.A nation cannot grow forever by finding more natural resources and attracting more workers; thus, a country's extensive growth will eventually slow. But intensive growth gradually appears as better use is made of the labor force. In the United States in the mid-nineteen century many of the newly arrived immigrants were unskilled and illiterate, but the education policy of their new land meant that their children all received an education, and many were trained in a skill. If a society gives workers more knowledge, they will be able to use machines in a more complex way and to follow more complex instructions, yielding manufactured goods of greater value; this process is often known as investing in human capital. In the late twentieth century, our physical capital is so abundant and our natural resources so limited that we are beginning to appreciate the importance of improving our human resources if we are to continue to grow.66. This passage mainly discusses the national output in terms of .A. the labor forceB. natural resourcesC. factoriesD. immigration67. We can infer from the passage (paragraph 2) that the South's contribution to the growth ofindustry in the mid-nineteenth century was mainly .A. raw materialsB. skilled laborC. manufactured goodsD. industrial sites68. The phrase "massive waves of immigrants" in line 9 of the passage means that .A. many immigrants came by shipB. immigrant families stayed togetherC. groups of immigrants came at different timesD. groups of immigrants were greeted enthusiastically69. From the passage, which of the following can be inferred about the United States in thefirst half of the nineteenth century?A. It was producing large amounts of manufactured goods.B. It was largely agricultural.C. It was fully industrialized.D. It was low in natural resources.70. We can infer from the passage that intensive growth of a nation's economyrequires .A. expansion of resourcesB. better use of the labor forceC. attracting unskilled laborD. limiting the human resources71. According to the passage, what is the end goal of an investment in human capital?A. Providing more valuable manufactured goodsB. Educating immigrant familiesC. Training in use of complex machinesD. Developing literacy for all72. We can infer from the passage (paragraph 3) that in the mid-nineteenth century theUnited States placed a high value on .A. European tradeB. educationC. agricultureD. development of natural resourcesPassage 5Economists have received the unfair reputation of being unable to agree on anything. The image of economists in disagreement is part of our folklore. An English commentator wrote: "If parliament were to ask six economists for an opinion, seven answers could come back - two no doubt from the volatile Mr. Keynes." The London Times laments the "rise in skepticism about what economists can tell us." and Business Week complains about "the intellectual bankruptcy of economics profession."The image of widespread disagreement among economists is overrated. The result of a survey of 100 professional economists confirm that there is considerable agreement among economists about what can be done (positive economics), especially in a microeconomic context. However, there is more disagreement over what ought to be done. Questions of what ought to be done (Should we equals the distribution of income? Should we increase defense spending?) require moral and political value judgments on which individuals naturally differ. Finally, disagreement among professional economists receives more publicity than other scientific professions, which contributes to the false image of economists in disaccord.。
2005GCT考试英语部分
2005ＧＣＴ考试英语部分（50 题，每题2 分，满分100 分）(答案仅供参考)Part One V ocabulary and StructureDirections:There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line though the center.1. To speed ____A____ your entry, please bring your Admission Card with you.A. upB. onC. cutD. down2. More thunderstorms ____C____ in summer than any other time of the year.A. happenedB. have happenedC. happenD. will happen3. Experts say the space rock is probably ____D____ more than U.S.$30,000.A. weightyB. costlyC. valuableD. worth.4. Susan will come to watch him ____B____ at Wimbledon this week.A. playedB. playC. to playD. playing5. Children don’t ___B_____ understand what are reciting, but gradually it will have in impact on thinking.A. playedB. playC. to playD. playing6. Every year, thousands of college students apply for the CCTV Cup English Speech____D____.A. ArgumentB. QuarrelC. DebateD. Contest7. ___B_____ shall we forget the day when we received the admission into Harvard University.A. No timeB. NeverC. No soonerD. Nonetheless8. The newly released movie was ____D____ as to arouse so much sensation among the young people.A. No timeB. NeverC. No soonerD. Nonetheless9. Today’s popular clothing chains ____C____ teenagers, who can be counted upon to change their tastes every 30 days.A. resort toB. attend toC. appeal toD. apply to10. There is going to be ___A_____ time for people to assess whether or not we have made the right decision in this time of urgency.A. sufficientB. additionalC. efficientD. consequentPart Two Reading ComprehensionDirections:In this part there are three passages and one advertisement, each followed questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line though the center. Questions 11—15 are based on the following passage:The first ancient Olympics were held in 776 B.C. The games got their name from Olympia, the Greek city where they took place. Like the summer Olympics of today, the ancient Olympics were held every four years.Thousands of people from all over the Greek world came to watch. The main stadium held about 45,000 people. “We have accounts of visitor and pilgrims setting up tents all around the site.” Lisa Cerrato of Tufts University said.During the first Olympics, there was only one competition—a 200-meter race. But overtime the games grew to include wrestling, chariot racing, boxing, and other sports. Women were not allowed to compete, but they had their own separate games.“The ancient athlete became celeb rities(名人), just like today. They often lived the rest oftheir lives being treated to free dinners.” Cerrato said, “City-states even tried to steal away each other’s athletes by offering them various awards.”The ancient Olympics existed until A.D.393. But the modern Olympics are still going strong.11. Where did the ancient Greeks hold their first Olympics?A. In AthensB. In OlympicsC. In a townD. In a state12. How did researchers know that ancient Greeks rushed to watch the Olympics?A. Thousands of people came to watch.B. The main stadium is still not big enough.C. They have found the related record of events.D. Many of them were visitor and pilgrims.13. What did women do since they were not allowed to participate in the Olympics?A. They stayed at home doing nothing.B. They organized protests in the city.C. They had their own games.D. They set up tents around the site.14. The ancient athletes must have felt honored when they ___________ .A. completed in a 200-meter race.B. wrestled with each otherC. read the accounts of the gamesD. received the treatment of free dinners15. It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that __________ .A. the ancient athletes liked to celebrate their victoriesB. free dinners were offered during the competitionC. city-states competed with each other to win the OlympicsD. awards were often stolen to honor the athletesQuestions 16—20 are based on the following passage:Why are mobiles so popular? Because people love to talk to each other. And it is easier witha mobile phone. In countries like Russia and China, people use mobile phone in places where there is no ordinary telephone. Business people use mobiles when they’re traveling. In some countries, like Japan, many people use their mobile phones to send e-mail message and access the Internet. They use a new kind of mobile phone called “i-mode”. You can even use a mobile phone listen to music.Mobile phones are very fashionable with teenagers. Parents buy mobile phones for their children. They can call home if they are in trouble and need help. So they feel safer. But teenagers mostly use them to keep in touch with their friends or play simple computer games. It’s cool to be the owner of a small expensive mobile. Research shows that teenage owners of mobile phone smoke less. Parents and schools are happy that teenagers are safer and smoke less.But many people dislike them. They hate it when the businessman opposite them on thetrain has a loud conversation on his phone. Or when mobile phones ring in a café or restaurant. But there is a much more serious problem. It’s possible that mobile phone can heat up the brain because we hold the phone so closed to our bead. Scientists fear that mobiles can perhaps be bad for your memory and even give you cancer.16. Mobile are popular among people because _______A. they think mobile are funB. they believe mobile are safeC. they love to listen to musicD. they feel it easier to talk to each other17. It is stated in the passage that Russia and China _______ .A. ordinary telephone service is available everywhereB. people prefer mobile phone to ordinary telephonesC. mobile are used in places without ordinary telephoneD. people use mobiles to send e-mail and access the Internet18. Parents buy mobile phone for their children because ________ .A. mobile phone are very fashionable with teenagersB. they can call home if they are in trouble and need helpC. they can use mobile to play simple computer gamesD. mobile phone enable teenagers to give up smoking19. Why can mobile phone be a much more serious problem?A. Because people hate the businessmen using mobile in public places.B. Because of use of mobile phones can be physically harmful.C. Because there is strong evidence for the problems of mobiles.D. Because people feel their privacy unprotected in a café or restaurant.20. Which of the following can be the title of this passage?A. Why Are Mobile So Popular?B. Mobiles—Useful or UselessC. Mobile—A Danger to health?D. Why Do We Design Mobile?Questions 21—25 are based on the following passage:At the International Snow Sculpture Championships in Colorado on January 27, people will carve the white stuff into art. Planning begins months before the first snow falls. Teams submit applications and sketches of their sculptures in July. Then, a panel of judges choose 14 teams forthe championship.The rules are simple: Electric tools are not allowed. Teams carve snow with everything but the results are not entirely in the sculptors’ hands,” if it is extremely sunny and warm.” DeWall, the competition’s director of public relations, explained, “we will erect old sail from sail boats into the air to block the sun from melting the sculptures.” If it snows, she continued, teams have to work extra hard to scrape(刮掉) the new snow off their work..The judges look for creativity, technical skill, and overall impact on the viewer. The winner does not receive any money. “There is no cash prize because the event began with the concept of global camaraderie(情谊).” DeWall explained. Inst ead of focusing on money, she continued, “winners revel(纵情) in the friendship, the art, and the hard work.”21. What does the phrase “white stuff” in the first paragraph refer to ?A. WoodB. SnowC. IceD. Rock22. What do people start to plan for the Championships?A. After the first snow fall in Colorado.B. Once they submit their applications.C. Before their sculptures are sketchedD. As soon as the judges have chosen the teams.23. The sculptors cannot control the result because ________ .A. it is extremely and warmB. it shine and/or snowsC. the sun melts their sculpturesD. old sails are raised into the air24. What is the viewer’s role in the championships?A. Sculptors like to work together with them.B. Judges consider their responses as choosing the winner.C. Viewers watch and help to product the sculptures.D. The organizers rate their involvement and enthusiasm.25. The winners enjoy all of the following EXCEPT ________ .A. the cash prizeB. the friendshipC. the artD. the hard work26. Which of the following is NOT shown above?A. Job titleB. Annual paymentC. Ad sourceD. Job description27. Based on what you read, the ad is intended for the __________ .A. recruitmentB. product promotionC. banking serviceD. banking reform28. New staff are needed because of _______ .A. the opening of the new branchesB. the updating of the banking serviceC. the retirement of the experienced staffD. the lack of excellent management29. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the ad?A. Branch managersB. TellersC. Customer Service RepsD. Sale managers30. Qualified candidates are expected to _________ .A. e-mail their resumes to hr@B. visit Doral Bank in New York in personC. call 212-329-3745 for more informationD. visit for a interviewPart Three ClozeDirections:There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and. Mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET with a single line though the center.Double Income and No Kids (DINK) becomes fashionable in China. The DINK couplesare usually regarded as those who have higher educations and __31__ careers with higher incomes. The increase in DINK families has shattered the Chinese traditional idea of the family and __32__ typical.A survey conducted recently in Beijing by a market survey company __33__ that about 3.3 percent of 1,300 surveyed families in Beijing said they have __34__ plans to have children. It is estimated there are about 600,000 DINK families in large cities like Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing.Why they choose such a lifestyle is concluded in __35__ reasons. Some are showing greatworry for the rapid growth of population; some are indulged in building a more well-off family; some are showing sharp __36__ to get themselves free from the obligation of raising children.__37__, most people still believe it is necessary to bear a child to keep the family line on.As an old Chinese saying goes, there are three aspects in failing to be a filial son and the __38__ serious one is to have no heir for the family. So childless couples will suffer discrimination__39__ family members and neighbors.But it is clear that the new tide of ideas has come, which suggests young people __40__ to choose their own way of life. They are installing modern ideas into traditional families and society. In the modernization process, personal choices will be highly respected.31. A. stable B. available C. achievable D. liable32. A. had become B. may become C. became D. becomes33. A. directed B. induced C. indicated D. dictated34. A. no B. not C. hardly D. scarcely35. A. elegant B. abundant C. similar D. various36. A. tension B. attention C. intention D. interaction37. A. Moreover B. However C. According D. Generally38. A. most B. more C. latest D. less39. A. into B. to C. at D. from40. A. wanted B. should want C. want D. had wantedPart Four Dialogue CompletionDirections:In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed byfour choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suit the conversational context and best completes the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.41. Receptionist: Can I help you?Customer: _____A____. Where do I pay my fees?A. Yes, pleaseB. Thank youC. As you pleaseD. Yes, you can42. Operator: _____C____, May I help you?David: I’d like to set up a telephone service, please.A. SpeakingB. HeyC. Pacific BellD. I’m John Smith43. Cathleen: Let’s take a coffee break, shall we?Yolanda: ____D____, but I can’t.A. We shallB. Yes, let’sC. You willD. I wish I could44. Beth: You look a little pale. Are you OK?Jerry: ____D____, I feel terrible.A. To speak outB. To begin withC. To sum upD. To tell you the truth45. Ken: Gee, Martin, I’d love a cup of coffee.Martin: _____A____, Is instant OK?A. Sure thingB. I’m sureC. No kiddingD. Sure I do46. Joanne: Hey, you look concerned. _____A___Harry: Th e final exam. I’m not fully prepared yet.A. What’s on your mind?B. What a lovely day !C. What has attracted you?D. What about seeing the doctor?47. Johnson: I got home very late last night. I hope I didn’t disturb you. Landlady: ____B____ .A. No, I heard a lot of noise.B. No, I didn’t hear a thing.C. Yes, I didn’t hear any noise.D. Yes, I didn’t hear you.48. Peter: What’s there to do at night.Clerk: There are clubs, concerts, players and so on._____D___ !A. You make it.B. You find it.C. You manage it.D. You name it.49. Ray: ______A____. Where was I ?Brenda: You were talking about your trip to South Africa.A. Let’s back up.B. What did I hear.C. Let’s check in.D. What were you talking about.50. Edie: I thinking Professor Holt is smart and she’s really good teacher. Rosa: OK. I’ll try to get into her class.Edie: ____D___ !A. You can’t miss it.B. Forget it.C. Mind you.D. You won’t be sorry.。
2005考研英语模拟试题一参考答案（1）
(⼀)英语知识运⽤ 短⽂⼤意：三个主要因素的相互作⽤引发了美国19世纪后期⾼等教育领域的巨变，即：其⼀，教育界出现了六位领袖为改⾰提供了⼈的动⼒；其⼆，⼏乎所有⽼牌学院的校友及盟友都⼤声疾呼，要求更新、更实⽤、更先进的教学；其三，耶鲁和哈佛⼤学纷纷出现改⾰的运动，使得美国的⾼等教育从东到西都被推上更⾼的⽔平。
⾸句译⽂：“从19世纪60年代中期到19世纪80年代中期，有三个主要原因的相互作⽤引发了美国⾼等教育领域的⼀场激变，这场激变改变了美国的⾼等教育并使之变得现代化。
” 1. ［D］ emergence 六位领袖的为改⾰提供了⼈的动⼒，根据personal force可判定选emergence，意为“出现”，其他不合⽂意。
［A］uproar“骚动、喧嚷”，跟领袖⽆关；［B］ threshold“门槛、开端”，跟leader⽆关，如：on the threshold of an era of prosperity“处于繁荣时代的开端”；［C］ emergency“紧急事件、紧急状况”。
2. ［B］ Moreover 这句与上句有并列关系，都是关于引发教育界激变的原因。
Moreover“此外、并且”，其他不合逻辑。
［A］ However“然⽽”，表转折；［C］ Thereafter“此后、以后”，表时间；［D］ Indeed“的确、确实”，⽤于强调附加的内容。
译⽂：“此外，⼏乎所有⽼牌学院的校友及盟友都⼤声疾呼，要求更新、更实⽤、更先进的教学，这发展成为⼀场运动，压倒⼀切保守抵抗。
” 3. ［B］ arose 根据句⼦的语法要求，只能选择⼀个不及物动词，即arose“出现、发⽣”，如：Incompatibility may arise.“不相容的情况可能发⽣”，其他均为及物动词。
［A］ aroused“引起、激起”，强调唤醒或打开⼈的眼界去注意某种观点，如：The program is certain to arouse opposition.“那个纲领⼀定会引起反对”；［C］ roused“激起、唤起、使觉醒”，强调号召或采取⾏动，如：rouse sb. into action“激励某⼈⾏动起来”；［D］ incurred“招致、引起、遭受”，如：incur a protest“惹起*”。
2005年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题
2005年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题Paper OnePart I Dialogue Communication (1 5 minutes，1 5 points)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections：In this section，you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Speaker A：I’m exhausted. I had to work until 2 0’clock this morning.Speaker B:A. Don’t worry too much. You can do it later.B. Take it easy. You didn’t have to work so hard.C. Take time off and let it be.D. Take it or leave it. You don’t have to do it.2. Speaker A：My apartment is only 10 minutes’ walk from the office. Why don’t you drop by some time?Speaker B:A. Because I didn’t know you live so close by.B. Because I didn’t want to bother you.C. I’d love to. Can I take my roommate along?D. That’s OK. I’11 be there soon.3. Speaker A：Doctor Smith is engaged on Wednesday. Would you like to come on Thursday? Speaker B:A. Thursday would be fine.B. See you then.C. Thank you very much. Good-bye.D. It’s very kind of you.4. Speaker A：We came so close，really. We almost won that game!Speaker B:A. There, there.B. There’s no use crying over spilt milk.C. You guys were superb.D. I couldn’t care less.5. Speaker A：Don’t you think the concert is terrific?Speaker B:A. I want to hear other opinions.B. It certainly is. And I really like the band.C. Yes，the concert is terrible.D. No，everything went on perfectly.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections：In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6. Woman：What do you like to do on your summer vacation?Man：I like nothing better than fishing on a hot summer day.Question：What does the man mean?A. He doesn’t like fishing on a hot summer day.B. Although he likes fishing，he doesn’t want to do it on a hot summer day.C. Fishing is his favorite pastime on a hot summer day.D. He likes nothing，including fishing on a hot summer day.7. Woman：I heard John and Frank had a quarrel.Man：Oh，they soon made up.Question：What does the man mean?A. John and Frank had an argument，but now they are friends again.B. John and Frank hate each other since their argument.C. John and Frank pretended that they had a quarrel.D. John and Frank often quarrel though they are friends.8. Woman：I’ve changed my mind and would like to take the new approach.Man：You’re on the fight track now!Question：What does the man mean?A. The woman is fight.B. The woman is getting on well.C. The woman is doing the right thing.D. The woman has changed her mind.9. Woman：Doctor, what’s wrong with my father?Man：He’s in pretty good shape，considering.Question：What do we learn from the dialogue?A. Her father is very sick.B. There is nothing serious with her father.C. Her father is all athletes.D. The man is not sure about her father’s condition.10. Man：Why don’t you dress up a little when you’re out with your friends?Woman：That’s a good idea!Question：What does the man suggest?A. The woman should put on nice clothes.B. The woman should wear makeup.C. The woman should get up fight away.D. The woman should make a dress herself.Part II Vocabulary and Structure(20 minutes，10 points)Directions：There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center11. Scarcely those words when suddenly the monster was transformed into a very handsome youth.A. had he utteredB. did he utterC. he had utteredD. he did utter12. The new automobile factory is expected to around 30,000 to 50,000 vehicles annually in the first three years.A. assembleB. serviceC. supplyD. repair13. Within the foreseeable future there may be a major of species，involving from one-third to two-thirds of all the species now in existence.A. exhaustionB. exhibitionC. extensionD. extinction14. we arrived in a more urban area，where Jim took me to a place called Boston Market.A. Before longB. After longC. Shortly beforeD. Shortly after15. urgent the situation may be，you will need to make one change at a time, and then move on.A. AsB. WheneverC. HoweverD. Whatever16. The museum’s new building will have the exhibition space as before.A. three timesB. three times likeC. three times asD. three times larger17. When you are in your room，leave the door so that your visitors do not have to knock.A. openB. openedC. openingD. being open18. Earth is believed to by an object the size of Mars at some point in the distant past before its surface cooled.A. be hitB. have hitC. have been hitD. being hit19. The only thing really matters to the parents is how soon their children can return home.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. this20. It is unacceptable that a person for an uncommitted crime.A. gets punishingB. punishesC. get punishedD. punished21. In Australia the Asians have made their influence in businesses，large and small.A. feelingB. feelC. feltD. to be felt22. The angry mother didn’t know who for the broken glass.A. will blameB. to blameC. to be blamedD. blames23. In the Chinese mind the Spring Festival is with nice food and new clothes.A. joinedB. relatedC. linkedD. associated24. Mobile phones are proved to with flight instruments and have a negative effect on flight safety.A. interfereB. disturbC. interruptD. trouble25. Some governments have forbidden cigarette and launched anti-smoking campaigns.A. commissionsB. commoditiesC. commercialsD. commands26.If you try to sell them something that they for free，they aren’t going to buy it.A. used to gettingB. used to getC. were used to getD. are used to get27. Applicants must show that they have$10,000 or more for living expenses and approximately$1 0,000 for tuition.A. acceptableB. advisableC. availableD. applicable28. The director often says it is difficult to design a program that will meet，the needs of all our users.A. diverseB. distinctiveC. distinctD. distinguished29. their differences，they are united by the common desire to transform their personal commitment into public leadership.A. But forB. For allC. Above allD. Except for30. The winter just ending was severe，causing great hardship to the poorer people in this area.A. exceptionallyB. explosivelyC. extensivelyD. expressivelyPart III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes，40 points)Directions：There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneDeclaring that physical exercise is one of the most powerful medicines to help improve our quality of life is not an exaggeration. The World Health Organization expressed the same view in its 2002 World Health Report，emphasizing that the damage produced by lack of physical activity was equal to the strong probability of serious illness such as heart disease and even some kinds of cancer.Those who have embraced an active lifestyle for years are familiar with the sort of physical and psychological benefits that come from exercise. Nevertheless a lot of people would never think of physical activity as a way of feeling better, simply because they don’t think they are in need of it，or because they are lazy or maintain that they haven’t got enough time.There are many positive effects that result from physical exercise and they are not only concernedwith the physical aspects but also psychological and social ones.Beginning with the physical benefits，physical activity improves the life of the heart，burns off fat，lowers high blood pressure，makes tissues more resistant，and increases muscle flexibility and joint mobility.On a psychological level，physical activity helps reduce anxiety and stress by causing tension to disappear and by encouraging us to have a better sense of ourselves through listening to our bodies during movement.Lastly, seeing ourselves in better health is advantageous socially. The sense of satisfaction thus obtained will result in an increase of self-respect and self-confidence in terms of our ability to interact with others.The benefits linked to exercise have also not gone unnoticed in the business world，with more and more companies setting up gyms on-site. Employees’ improved health translates into better performance and reduced costs as well as an increase in people’s satisfaction in the work place.Physical activity is recommended for all age groups，including children. It is an important growth factor in a child’s education.And for the elderly? There is no doubt that regular physical activity allows greater efficiency in daily life as well as creating more basic independence day by day, including the possibility of keeping in touch with others and not feeling isolated.31. The writer regards physical exercise as a strong medicine because .A. the WHO holds the viewB. it helps improve the quality of lifeC. the lack of it equals serious illnessD. it enables people to live longer32. Many people do not engage in physical exercise mainly becauseA. they are not aware of its benefitsB. they don’t have the facilitiesC. they don’t think they need itD. they are physically unf it for it33. According to the passage，physical exercise can make people .A. stronger and more intelligentB. more intelligent and more open-mindedC. more open-minded and healthierD. healthier and stronger34. Physical exercise is socially beneficial because .A. it gives people competitive advantageB. it helps people reduce anxietyC. it enables employees to work better for their companyD. it makes people confident in dealing with others35. According to the passage, regular physical exercise can make old people .A. better able to look after themselvesB. look younger than they really areC. less likely to suffer from diseasesD. more aggressive in their interaction with othersPassage TwoAccording to the United States government，people are classified as homeless if they have no place to stay and no expectation of finding a place for the next thirty days. Although technically accurate，that is an impersonal assessment of an enormous and very human problem.The homeless population represents all of us Americans. It includes men and women，the elderly，children，and infants. Its members are from all ethnic(种族的)groups. What they have in common is poverty.Currently in the U. S.，thirty-nine million people live in poverty. When money is really tight，paying the rent or buying food often becomes a choice. Government assistance in the form of food stamps does help but，as one homeless man explains，you can’t pay the rent with food stamps.With no money for rent，the streets and homeless shelters become the alternative.Although men constitute the largest group within the homeless population，homeless women with children are rapidly joining them. In fact，one quarter of the homeless people in the U. S. are teenagers and young children.People may become homeless for numerous reasons. However，there are certain factors that many of these individuals have in common. They include a lack of adequate education and job skills. A majority of the teenagers and adults have not completed high school.The abuse of alcohol and drugs is also a common factor. One third of the adult homeless population abuses alcohol，while one quarter of the same group uses drugs.Some members of this population suffer mental health problems. Within the past several years many institutions for the mentally ill have been closed and their patients sent ‘‘home”. Unfortunately, a number of those people have no home to go to and they are unable to adequately look after themselves.Job loss in today’s economy has also become a real factor in the loss of people’s homes. The breakup of families through abandonment and divorce are also contributing factors，particularly when there are children involved. The parent who is left to care for the kids with inadequate income may be forced to depend on the homeless shelters to put a roof over their heads.36. The writer thinks that the U. S. government’s definition of the homeless reveals.A. an insincere attitude toward the homelessB. an unbearable attitude toward the homelessC. an uncivilized attitude toward the homelessD. an unsympathetic attitude toward the homeless37. The U. S. government helps the homeless by .A. giving them homeless allowancesB. giving them food stampsC. finding jobs for themD. finding residences for them38. Most of the homeless in the U. S. are .A. male adultsB. female adultsC. the elderlyD. children39. People become homeless for all the following reasons EXCEPT .A. the lack of adequate educationB. the abuse of alcohol and drugsC. the closure of institutions for the mentally illD. the poor performance of economy40. The breakup of families is likely to lead to homelessness because a parent with kids may .A. lose his or her job in today’s economyB. be unable to look after the kidsC. not have enough incomeD. find residence at a homeless shelterPassage ThreeIn early 2004 eight tiny sensors were dropped from a plane near a military base in California. After hitting the ground，the sensors--also known as smart dust sensors---organized themselves into a network and quickly detected a fleet of military vehicles on the ground. They determined the direction，speed and size of a series of military vehicles traveling along the road and later transmitted the data to a computer ata nearby base camp.Smart dust sensors are minicomputers--as small as a grain of rice in some cases--that can monitor and evaluate their physical environment and can relay the, information via wireless communication. They can monitor elements such as temperature，moisture，humidity，pressure，energy use，vibration，light，motion，radiation，gas，and chemicals. These devices will soon have many applications，such as use in emergency rescue.Software has been developed to run these minicomputers. A key feature of the software is the ability of the sensors to automatically organize themselves into a communications network and talk to each other via wireless radio signals. If any one connection is interrupted，the sensors will self-correct and pass the information on to the next available sensor.Each sensor has a chip that does the computing work--recording things like temperature and motion at its location. Each sensor also has a tiny radio transmitter that allows it to talk to other sensors within 100 feet or so. With a single network of 10,000 sensors--thought to be the biggest array(阵列)of sensors currently possible—you could cover 9 square miles and get information about each point along the way. The data finally works its way to a base station that can send the information to a computer or to a wireless network.The scientists who are working with this technology say smart dust sensors can be used to detect the location or movement of enemy troops in areas too dangerous or remote for soldiers to operate. Scattering hundreds of self-networking sensors from a manned or unmanned plane onto the battlefield，in theory, could produce critical information and lead to strategic advantage. Sensors could also be used to detect the presence of chemical weapons and could give troops the time needed to put on protective gear.41. Smart dust sensors can do all the following EXCEPT .A. giving troops their protective gearB. organizing themselves into a computer networkC. detecting the movement of military vehicles nearbyD. operating in remote and dangerous War zones42. By “physical environment'‘(Line 2，Paragraph 2)，the writer means such elements as .A. the position of military troopsB. the presence of minicomputersC. the strength of radio signalsD. the amount of water vapor in the air43. If connection between two sensors is blocked, the network will automatically .A. replace the sensor involvedB. repair the sensor involvedC. ignore the sensor involvedD. destroy the sensor involved44. To cover an area of 3 square miles and get information about each point along the way, how many smart dust sensors are needed?A. About 3,000 sensors.B. About 3,300 sensors.C. About 5,000 sensors.D. About 6,600 sensors.45. The passage implies that the smart dust sensors are most likely to be used in .A. emergency rescueB. monitoring pollutionC. military operationsD. evaluating the environmentPassage FourEach semester，Andrew Tom receives a term bill outlining his expenses: tuition, dorm fee, student center fee, recreation fee, resident activity fee, health insurance. If only the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify.“It’s like you start out the semester with plenty of money and then $20 for dinner out here and $100 at the department store there，it’s gone,” said Tom, a Northeastern University third-year student. “And there are so many things you need like toothpaste or laundry detergent(洗涤剂)that you don’t think about until you get here and need it. ”From the books lining their shelves to the fashionable clothes filling their closets，college students say the expenses of a college education go well beyond tuition and a dining hall meal plan. Many say they arrive on campus only to be overwhelmed by unexpected costs from sports fees to the actual price of a slice of pizza.Balancing a job with schoolwork，especially at colleges known for their heavy workloads like Harvard and MIT, can be tough. So can the pressure students often feel to financially keep pace withtheir friends?“When you get dragged along shopping, you’re going to spend money; if you get dragged to a party and everyone wants to take a cab but you’re cheap and want to take a bus，chances are you’ll end up sharing the fee for the cab,” said Tom. “I guess you could say no，but no one wants to be the only one eating in the snack bar while your friends are out to dinner. ”Max Cohen，a biology major at MIT, said he is accustomed to watching fellow students spend $40 a night to have dinner delivered or $50 during a night out at a bar. During the school’s recent spring break, friends on trips for the week posted away messages that read like a world map----Paris, Rome, Tokyo. “Meanwhile I stay home and work,” said Cohen. ‘‘I didn’t realize when I came here how much mon ey I would spend or how hard I would have to work to get by. ”It is a lesson some younger students learn quickly. Others，surrounded by credit card offers，go into debt，or worse，are forced to leave school.“A lot of people don’t think twice about how much they spend，”said a first-year student at MIT, “and you feel the pressure sometimes to go along with them. ”46. The sentence “If only the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify”(Lines 2-3，Paragraph1)implies that .A. there are many other unexpected expensesB. it is easy to calculate how much more to spendC. the tuition is too high to be calculatedD. he has to pay only a few other expenses47. All the following expenses are included in the term bill EXCEPT .A. health insuranceB. sports feesC. recreation feesD. dorm fees48. According to the passage，many college students .A. have to work hard in their studiesB. suspend their studies in Order to workC. depend on their families for all the expensesD. are under great financial pressure49. The word “cheap”(Line 2，Paragraph 5)is closest in meaning to“”.A. inferior in qualityB. inexpensiveC. unwilling to spendD. valueless50. From the last paragraph，one may learn that an important reason for the high hidden costs for college students is .A. the extremely high prices of daily necessitiesB. the school’s overcharging for campus activitiesC. the too many expenses the students have to payD. the pressure of keeping pace with their peersPart IV Cloze Test(15 minutes，10 points)Directions：There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Ireland is the best place in the world to live for 2005, 51 a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain’s Economist magazine last week.The ambitious 52 to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only 53 of human satisfaction and well-being. The index of 111 countries uses 54 on incomes，health，unemployment，climate，political stability, job security equality between men and wom en as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life”.Despite the bad weather troubled health service，traffic problems, and the high cost of living，Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points 55 10. That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland，which managed 8. 07. Zimbabwe(津巴布韦)，troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the lowest，56 only 3. 89 points.“Although rising incomes and increased individual choices in developed countries are57 valued,” the report sa id，“some of the factors associated with 58 such as the breakdown in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.“Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new—the fourth highest gross domestic product per head in the world in 2005, low unemployment，political 59 ----with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old，such as 60 family and community life. ”51. A. following up B. coming with C. according to D. except for52. A. attempt B. attack C. attitude D. attraction53. A. reason B. volume C. measure D. monitor54. A. amount B. data C. number D. account55. A. up to B. out of C. off and on D. in about56. A. missing B. getting C. keeping D. putting57. A. hardly B. excessively C. highly D. passively58. A. modernization B. civilization C. constitution D. tradition59. A. liberties B. activities C. unions D. campaigns60. A. sticky B. static C. steep D. stablePaper TwoPart ⅤTranslation ( 30 minutes, 10 points )Directions: Translate the follow passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.Drinking water and water for domestic use often come from groundwater. In order to protect thiswater, local water authorities can apply to local administrative authorities to mark certain locations as water protection areas. The size of these areas is calculated in such a way that the quantity of groundwater taken from them corresponds to the actual rainfall going into them. In the water protection areas certain uses of the land and activities on the land are banned or restricted. Water protection areas fall into three zones. Zone 3 is the outermost zone with a diameter of 4 kilometers around the groundwater well. Here no chemical works or the use of pesticides(杀虫剂)are allowed. Zone 2 is determined around the so-called 50-day line. It is assumed that after 50 days in the groundwater harmful bacteria will have died off. Here settlements and fertilizer storage are forbidden. Zone 1 marks the ten-meter boundary around the well. Here，any use of the land，as well as access by unauthorized persons，is forbidden.Part ⅥWriting ( 30 minutes, 15 points )Directions：You are to write in no less than 120 words about the topic “Do We Need a Shopping Center in the Neighborhood?”. Your composition should be based on the Chinese outline given below.1. 市里要在你家住的这个街区新建一个购物中心，你的意见（同意或反对）？2. 同意或反对的理由。
2005-2017考研英语二答案解析
2017年考研英语二真题及答案解析Section I Use of English试题精析1.[答案][C] warning考点：上下文语义理解解析：空格之后的宾语从句部分“technology is replacing human workers.”结合选项，应该选择warning。
其他三项[A] boasting [B] denying [D] ensuring均不符合此处的语境要求，故均排除。
2.[答案][A] inequality考点：上下文语义理解空格单词后面的句意看到了贫富对比，故作为上文对其进行概括关键应选择inequality。
3.[答案][D] prediction考点：时态判断空格之后的内容“holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，”该定语从句是对空格词汇的修饰与说明，既然文中用到了will 这一个表示将来时态的助动词，故答案为prediction。
4.[答案][A] characterized考点：后置定语 + 固定搭配one 4 by purposelessness。
其他三项均不符合，故排除。
5.[答案][B] meaning考点：句间语义理解Without jobs to give their lives 5 ， people will simply become lazy and depressed.空格所在句后面的表述与空格前的内容属于并列关系，由逗号连接。
答案选择meaning。
[A] wisdom [C] glory [D] freedom 这些选项都表示褒义色彩和后面 lazy、depressed 矛盾。
6.[答案][B] Indeed考点：上下文逻辑关系分析下四个选项可以看出并无体现因果关系故[A] Thus排除，另外instead，nevertheless 表示转折语意，但是上下文逻辑并无体现。
2005年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语冲刺试题（一）（上）_考研_
2005年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语冲刺试题(一) (上)一、单项选择题(每题0.5分，共10分)选择下列答案中您认为正确的一个There is nothing illogical or synthetic about the humility of great bookmen in calling attention to the limitations of the book. No book can 1 us to know everything that is to be known, or feel everything that is to be felt. A book is part of life, not a substitute 2 it. It is not a fit 3 for worship or enshrinement. It loses its charm and much of its value when accepted 4. No one would have been more 5 than Aristotle if he could have known of the excessive and 6 veneration that would be given to his ideas in centuries to 7. When his works became the 8 words of advance knowledge, 9 knowledge became neither advanced nor vital.The particular occasion for these remarks is that there are 10 here and there that some of us in the book world may be 11 ourselves too seriously. In the effort to increase book reading some 12 things are being said about books. It is made to 13 that nothing is happening now that has not happened before, and that the only true approach to understanding is 14 books. We do neither service nor justice to books by 15 upon them such omnipotence and omniscience. Many of the answers we need today are not necessarily to be found between 16. There are elements of newness in the present 17 of man that will not readily be 18 of by required reading or ready reference. Books are not slide rules or blueprints for 19 automatic answers. What is needed is a mighty blend of the wisdom of the ages 20 fresh, razor edged analytical thought.（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】C［A］ inform ［B］ promise ［C］ enable ［D］ assure2、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】B［A］ of［B］ for［C］ to［D］ with3、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】A［A］ subject ［B］ issue ［C］ matter ［D］ image（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】D［A］ unreasonably ［B］ unprofitably ［C］ unwillingly ［D］ uncritically5、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】A［A］ disturbed ［B］ disguised ［C］ intervened ［D］ interrupted6、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】C［A］ dreadful ［B］ respectful ［C］ harmful ［D］ faithful（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】B［A］ go［B］ come ［C］ pass［D］ emerge8、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】D［A］ big［B］ end［C］ late［D］ last9、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】A［A］ such［B］ much ［C］ most ［D］ this（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】B［A］ symbols ［B］ signs［C］ marks ［D］ trails11、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】C［A］ confining ［B］ demanding ［C］ taking ［D］ pushing12、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】D［A］ extraordinary ［B］ exceptional ［C］ excessive ［D］ extravagant13、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】B［A］ show ［B］ appear ［C］ prove ［D］ indicate14、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】A［A］ through ［B］ with［C］ among ［D］ from15、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】C［A］ focus ［B］ conferring ［C］ imposing ［D］ installing16、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】B［A］ pages ［B］ covers ［C］ lines［D］ words17、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】D［A］ position ［B］ situation ［C］ status ［D］ dilemma18、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】A［A］ disposed ［B］ discerned ［C］ discharged ［D］ dispersed19、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】C［A］ polishing［B］ regulating［C］ furnishing［D］ forwarding20、（本题分值：0.5分）【正确答案】B［A］ from［B］ with［C］ over［D］ for二、阅读选择题(每题2分，共40分)阅读下列短文，理解其意后选择答案中您认为正确的一个Text 1Banking is about money; and no other familiar commodity arouses such excesses of passion and dislike. Nor is there any other about which more nonsense is talked. The type of thing that comes to mind is not what is normally called economics, which is inexact rather than nonsensical, and only in the same way as all sciences are at the point where they try to predictpeople s behaviour and its consequences. Indeed most social sciences and, for example, medicine could probably be described in the same way.Howe ver, it is common to hear assertions of the kind “if you were left alone on a desert island a few seed potatoes would be more use to you than a million pounds” as though this proved something important about money except the undeniable fact that it would not be much use to anyone in a situation where very few of us are at all likely to find ourselves. Money in fact is a token, or symbolic object, exchangeable on demand by its holders for goods and services. Its use for these purposes is universal except within a small number of primitive agricultural communities.Money and the price mechanism, i.e., the changes in prices expressed in money terms of different goods and services, are the means by which all modern societies regulate demand and supply for these things. Especially important are the relative changes in price of different goods and services compared with each other. To take random examples: the price of house building has over the past five years risen a good deal faster than that of domestic appliances like refrigerators, but slower than that of motor insurance or French Impressionist paintings. This fact has complex implications for students of the industry, trade unionism, town planning, insurance companies, fine art auctions, and politics. Unpacking these implications is what economics is about, but their implications for bankers are quite different.In general, in modern industrialised societies, prices of services or goods produced in a context requiring a high service content (e.g. a meal in a restaurant) are likely to rise in price more repidly than goods capable of mass production ona large scale. It is also a characteristic of highly developed economies that the number of workers employed in service industries tends to rise and that of workers employed in manufacturing to fall. The discomfort this truth causes has been an important source of tension in western political life for many years and is likely to remain so for many more.21、Money may be thought of as（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】A［A］ the popular thing that stirs up fierce love or hatred.［B］ the unique source that generates all kinds of good or evil doings.［C］the symbolic object that signifies one s wealth and priviledge.［D］ the major subject of nonsensical talks that are related to economy.22、According to the text, economics is（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】C［A］ similar to other social sciences in all the rubbish about it.［B］ different from other social sciences in the forecast of people s behavior.［C］ similar to all other sciences in trying to foretell man sactivities.［D］different from most sciences in its attempt to avoid bad consequences.23、In the writers view, the assertion that money would be useless on a desert island（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】D［A］ illustrates one limitation to the importance of money.［B］ is of importance only to people stayed in such places.［C］ proves the worthlessness of money in many situations.［D］shows nothing significant about money on a rare occasion.24、Modern societies control supply and demand（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】B［A］ by intervention in pricing goods and services.［B］ by means of money and the price mechanism.［C］ by keeping a watchful eye on price changes.［D］ by fixing proper prices for specific industries.25、The writer suggests that the prices of services（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】D［A］ rise owing to their high quality contents.［B］ grow due to their on the spot production.［C］ augment with the increase of service workers.［D］ advance in proportion to economical growth.二、阅读选择题(每题2分，共40分)阅读下列短文，理解其意后选择答案中您认为正确的一个Text 2For three decades we’ve heard endlessly about the virtues of aerobic(increasing oxygen consumption)exercise. Medical authorities have praised running and jumping as the key to good health, and millions of Americans have taken to the treadmill(踏车)to reap the rewards. But the story is changing. Everyone from the American Heart Association to the surgeon general’s office has recently embraced strength training as a complement to aerobics. And as weight lifting has gone mainstream, so has the once obscure practice known as “Super Slow” training. Enthusiasts claim that by pumping iron at a snail’s pace-making each “rep”(repeat) last 14 seconds instead of the usual s even-you can safely place extraordinary demands on your muscles, and call forth an extraordinary response. Slow lifting may not be the only exercise you need, as some advocates believe, but the benefits are often dramatic.Almost anyone can handle this routine. The only requirements are complete focus and a tolerance for deep muscular burn. Fox each exercise-leg press, bench press, shoulder press and so on-you set the machine to provide only moderate resistance. But as you draw out each rep, depriving yourself of impetus, the weight soon feels unbearable. Defyingthe impulse to stop, you keep going until you can’t complete a rep. Then you sustain your vain effort for 10 more seconds while the weight sinks gradually toward its cradle. Intense? Uncomfortable? T otally. But once you embrace muscle failure as the goal of the workout, it can become almost pleasure.The goal is not to burn calories while you’re exercising but to make your body burn them all the time. Running a few miles many make you sweat, but it expends only 100 calories per mile, and it doesn’t stimulate much bone or muscle development. Strength training doesn’t burn may calories, either. But when you push a muscle to failure, you set off a pour of physiological changes. As the muscle recovers over several days, it will thicken-and the new muscle tissue will demand sustenance. By the time you add three pounds of muscle, your body requires an extra 9,000 calories a month just to break even. Hold your diet steady and, very quickly, you are vaporizing body fat.One might have benefited from any strength-training program. But advocates insist the slow technique is safer and more effective than traditional methods.26、Many Americans have taken to treadmill for years by virtue of（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】D［A］ its inherent awards to their health.［B］ its greater consumption of oxygen.［C］ the compliment paid by authorities.［D］ the actual benefits from the exercise.27、According to the author,“Super Slow” training（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】B［A］ has been misunderstood for decades.［B］ has been widely accepted recently.［C］ has been the basis of weight lifting.［D］ has become the nucleus of aerobics.28、In practicing slow lifting, one has to（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】C［A］ complete each rep with great demands for his muscles. ［B］ bear the unusual reaction caused by the training. ［C］ suffer the bitter effect called forth by the exercise. ［D］ exert extraordinary pressure on his legs and shoulders.29、Slow weight lifters are required to make each rep（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】A［A］ without using any driving force.［B］ without movement of their body.［C］ with unbearable iron weights.［D］ with the feeling of muscle failure.30、The phrase “to break even”(Line 7,Par.3) most probably means（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】D［A］ to upset the physical energy balance.［B］ to disturb the calmness of the body.［C］ to gain a greater profit than a loss.［D］ to make neither a profit nor a loss.二、阅读选择题(每题2分，共40分)阅读下列短文，理解其意后选择答案中您认为正确的一个Text 3To avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind is liable, no superhuman genius is required. A few simple rules will keep you, not from all errors, but from silly errors.If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the observation yourself. Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth than men, by the simple device of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He did not do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you don’t is a fatal mistake, to which we are all liable.Many matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of experience. If, like most of mankind, you have strong convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you can make yourself aware of your own prejudice. If an opinion contrary to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you subconsciouslyare aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains that two and two are five, or that Iceland is on the equator, you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your own contrary conviction. The most savage controversies are those about matters as to which there is no good evidence either way. So whenever you find yourself getting angry about a difference of opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on examination, that your belief is going beyond what the evidence justifies.For those who have enough psychological imagination, it is a good plan to imagine an argument with a person having a different opinion. This has one advantage, and only one, as compared with actual conversation with opponents; this one advantage is that the method is not subject to the same limitations of time and space. Mahatma Gandhi (圣雄甘地) considered it unfortunate to have railways and steamboats and machinery; he would have liked to undo the whole of the industrial revolution. You may never have an opportunity of actually meeting anyone who holds this opinion, because in Western countries most people take the advantage of modern technology for granted. But if you want to make sure that you are right in agreeing with the prevailing opinion, you will find it a good plan to test the arguments that occur to you by considering what Gandhi might have said in refutation of them. I have sometimes been led actually to change my mind as a result of this kind of imaginary dialogue. Furthermore, I have frequently found myself growing more agreeable through realizing the possible reasonableness of a hypothetical opponent.31、 The author intends to tell us that（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】C［A］ human beings, including those of genius, are liable to foolish errors.［B］people can avoid silly mistakes unless they observe common rules.［C］ it needs average intelligence for us to keep away from silly opinions.［D］foolish opinions usually occur to those who rarely commit big mistakes.32、 The example of Aristotle is used to indicate that（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】D［A］observation can prevent people from making any mistakes.［B］ great men advance false arguments occasionally.［C］ primitive apparatuses hamper precise observation.［D］ realistic investigations are vital to sound judgments.33、According to the text, it is true that（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】B［A］ there are many ways to rectify our false beliefs in many matters.［B］our irritation at opposite arguments proves our inability to justify ourselves.［C］ fierce controversies reveal their incapacity to convince either side.［D］ we should firmly defend our belief when it encounters any challenge.34、 The author tries to convince us of the fact that（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】A［A］an imaginary argument with opponents may avoid foolish errors.［B］Mahatma Gandhi advocated adoption of new technology in various fields.［C］an opponent’s opinions can be verified by considering Gandhi’s arguments.［D］we have to agree with actual opponents offering reasonable opinions.35、 Most people are unlikely to be subject to silly errors（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】C［A］ when they do not violate the rules of observation and imagination.［B］if they refute their opponents’ opinions in a fairly reasonable way.［C］ unless they are convinced of their knowledge of things without justification.［D］until they become reconciled with their opponents through imaginary dialogue.二、阅读选择题(每题2分，共40分)阅读下列短文，理解其意后选择答案中您认为正确的一个Text4Financial engineers don’t wear white lab coats.They don’t experiment on rats or perform gas chromatography(气相层析).Their raw material-money-isn’t as show y as what biologists and physicists investigate. But the innovations they produce will contribute just as much to economic growth.Maybe more,in fact,because without the science of finance, all other sciences are just a bunch of neat concepts. Ideas begin to tribute to human betterment when they’re financed-by venture capital, stock offerings, loans, or buyouts. A smoothly operating financial system showers money on good ideas. Equally important, it cuts off funding to tired ideas and tired companies, so their assets can be employed more efficiently elsewhere.In the 21st century economy, innovation in finance will increase in concert with the increase in competition. Partly because of deregulation and globalization, competition should get tougher, and margins thinner. As products such as home mortgage loans become commoditized, financial-service companies will be forced to get more creative.Financial technology will keep feeding off informationtechnology. The secret to success will be a strong software platform, which will lower the cost of general services while making it possible to create high-margin variations as well. A few companies that get it right can spin away from the rest and become stronger and stronger.In the new world of finance, size counts. Big companies enjoy economies of scale and name recognition, and they can be safer because their bets are spread across more regions and market segments. The value of U.S.bank mergers in the first half of 1998 was greater than that of the three previous years combined. The mergers are occurring across industries as well.At the other extreme will be specialists that survive by doing one thing either very cheaply or exceptionally well. By offering lower prices or better service, specialists will discipline the financial supermarkets; the big guys know their customers can walk away if they get a raw deal. “There is no way we are going to maximize a short term transactional benefit at the risk of destroying a long-term relationship,” says Chase Manhattan Corp. Vice-Chairman Joseph G.Sponholz.Predictably, the biggest winners from financial innovation will be companies, and families that have complex finances. Banks already show signs of losing interest in people who want just plain checking accounts.But as incomes and wealth rise, more people will find themselves thrust into the role of asset managers. Businesses, too, will have to become more sophisticated-if only to keep pace with financially innovative rivals.36、In comparison with natural scientists, financial engineers（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】A［A］ may give even greater impetus to social development.［B］can show more attention-getting features of their work.［C］ are more likely to make full use of their raw material.［D］ will produce as many innovations to advance economy.37、In the absence of financial support,all scientific concepts（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】B［A］ would remain groups of merely impractical thoughts.［B］could barely benefit the improvement of people’s life.［C］ should hardly lose venture capital and bank loans.［D］ might become tired ideas that cannot be implemented.38、In the current century,financial companies will（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】C［A］take great pains to counter any other rival business firms.［B］repel deregulation and globalization of financial service.［C］ employ information technology to make more profits.［D］provide money for IT industry to create advanced software.39、 The startling growth of bank mergers indicates that（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】A［A］ scale is of vital importance to the survival of financial systems.［B］financial-service companies need to turn out more creative products.［C］ demand for investment of capital is becoming greater and greater.［D］ big companies want to risk their money on more than one result.40、Companies or families may lose their rivalry in financing if they（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】D［A］ defy unfair deals with customers.［B］ make bargains profitable.［C］ cause innovation to be timely.［D］ put all their eggs in one basket.三、完形埴空题(每题2分，共10分)阅读下列短文，请将答案A-G填入相应的答题框，修改无误后点“提交”A great many articles and books discussing environmental and resource problems begin with the proposition that there is an environmental and resource crisis. If this means that the situation of humanity is worse now than in the past, then the idea of a crisis-and all that follows from it-is dead wrong. In almost every respect important to humanity, the trends have been improving, not deteriorating.Our world now supports 5.6 billion people. In the nineteenth century, the earth could sustain only 1 billion. And 10,000 years ago, only 1 million people could keep themselves alive. People are now living more healthily than ever before.One would expect lovers of humanity-people who hate war and worry about famine in Africa-to jump with joy at this extraordinary triumph of the human mind and human organization over the raw forces of nature.41).___It is amazing but true that a resource shortage resulting from population or income growth usually leaves us better off than if the shortage had never arisen.42).__The prices of food, metals, and other raw materials have been declining by every measure since the beginning of the nineteenth century, and as far back as we know; that is, raw materials have been getting less scarce throughout history, defying the common sense notion that if one begins with an inventory of a resource and uses some up, there will be less left. This is despite, and indirectly because of, increasing population.43).__ Also, we do not say that a better future happens automatically or without effort.44).__ We are confident that the nature of the physical world permits continued improvement in humankind’s economic lot in the long run, indefinitely. Of course, there are always newly arising local problems, shortages,and pollution, resulting from climate or increased population and income and new technologies. Sometimes temporary large-scale problems arise. 45).__ That is the great lesson to be learned from human history.41、（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】D［A］If firewood had not become scarce in seventeenth-century England, coal would not have been developed. If coal and whale oil shortages hadn’t loomed, oil wells would not have been dug.［B］But the world’s physical conditions and the resilience(power of recoveringquickly) of a well-functioning economic and social system enable us to overcome such problems, and the solutions usually leave us better off than if the problem had never arisen.［C］ The recent extraordinary decrease in the death rate-to my mind, the greatest miracle in history-accounts for the bumper crop of humanity. In the last 200 years, life expectancy in the advanced countries jumped from the mid-30’s to 70’s.［D］Instead, they lament(feel sorrow) that there are so many human beings, and wring their hands(indicate despair) about the problems that more people inevitably bring, and resources will be further diminished.［E］ It will happen because men and women-sometimes as individuals, sometimes as enterprises working for profit, sometimes as voluntary nonprofit groups, and sometimes asgovernmental agencies-will address problems with muscle and mind, and will probably overcome, as has been usual through history.［F］Statistic studies show that population growth doesn’t lead to slower economic growth, though this defies common sense. Nor is high population density a drag on economic development.［G］We don’t say that all is well everywhere, and we don’t predict that all will be rosy in the future. Children are hungry and sick; people live out lives of physical or intellectual poverty and lack of opportunity; war or some other pollution may do us in.42、（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】A［A］If firewood had not become scarce in seventeenth-century England, coal would not have been developed. If coal and whale oil shortages hadn’t loomed, oil wells would not have been dug.［B］But the world’s physical conditions and the resilience(power of recoveringquickly) of a well-functioning economic and social system enable us to overcome such problems, and the solutions usually leave us better off than if the problem had never arisen.［C］ The recent extraordinary decrease in the death rate-to my mind, the greatest miracle in history-accounts for the bumper crop of humanity. In the last 200 years, life expectancy in theadvanced countries jumped from the mid-30’s to 70’s.［D］Instead, they lament(feel sorrow) that there are so many human beings, and wring their hands(indicate despair) about the problems that more people inevitably bring, and resources will be further diminished.［E］ It will happen because men and women-sometimes as individuals, sometimes as enterprises working for profit, sometimes as voluntary nonprofit groups, and sometimes as governmental agencies-will address problems with muscle and mind, and will probably overcome, as has been usual through history.［F］Statistic studies show that population growth doesn’t lead to slower economic growth, though this defies common sense. Nor is high population density a drag on economic development.［G］We don’t say that all is well everywhere, and we don’t predict that all will be rosy in the future. Children are hungry and sick; people live out lives of physical or intellectual poverty and lack of opportunity; war or some other pollution may do us in.43、（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】G［A］If firewood had not become scarce in seventeenth-century England, coal would not have been developed. If coal and whale oil shortages hadn’t loomed, oil wells would not have been dug.［B］But the world’s physical conditions and the resilience(power of recoveringquickly) of a well-functioning economic and social system enable us to overcome such problems, and the solutions usually leave us better off than if the problem had never arisen.［C］ The recent extraordinary decrease in the death rate-to my mind, the greatest miracle in history-accounts for the bumper crop of humanity. In the last 200 years, life expectancy in the advanced countries jumped from the mid-30’s to 70’s.［D］Instead, they lament(feel sorrow) that there are so many human beings, and wring their hands(indicate despair) about the problems that more people inevitably bring, and resources will be further diminished.［E］ It will happen because men and women-sometimes as individuals, sometimes as enterprises working for profit, sometimes as voluntary nonprofit groups, and sometimes as governmental agencies-will address problems with muscle and mind, and will probably overcome, as has been usual through history.［F］ Statistic studies show that population growth doesn’t lead to slower economic growth, though this defies common sense. Nor is high population density a drag on economic development.［G］We don’t say that all is well everywhere, and we don’t predict that all will b e rosy in the future. Children are hungry and sick; people live out lives of physical or intellectual poverty and lack of opportunity; war or some other pollution may do us in.44、（本题分值：2分）【正确答案】E［A］If firewood had not become scarce in seventeenth-century England, coal would not have been developed. If coal and whale oil shortages hadn’t loomed, oil wells would not have been dug.［B］But the world’s physical conditions and the resilience(power of recoveringquickly) of a well-functioning economic and social system enable us to overcome such problems, and the solutions usually leave us better off than if the problem had never arisen.［C］ The recent extraordinary decrease in the death rate-to my mind, the greatest miracle in history-accounts for the bumper crop of humanity. In the last 200 years, life expectancy in the advanced countries jumped from the mid-30’s to 70’s.［D］Instead, they lament(feel sorrow) that there are so many human beings, and wring their hands(indicate despair) about the problems that more people inevitably bring, and resources will be further diminished.［E］ It will happen because men and women-sometimes as individuals, sometimes as enterprises working for profit, sometimes as voluntary nonprofit groups, and sometimes as governmental agencies-will address problems with muscle and mind, and will probably overcome, as has been usual through history.［F］Statistic studies show that population growth doesn’t lead to slower economic growth, though this defies common sense. Nor is high population density a drag on economic。
2005年攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
05年攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I VocabularyDirections:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil.（10 points）C 1.Advertisers often aim their campaigns at young people as they have considerable spending______.A.powerB.forceC.energyD.abilityc 2.We've bought some _______chairs for the garden so that they are easy to store away.A.adaptingB.adjustingC.bendingD.foldinga3.The new speed restrictions were a __debated issue.A.heavilyB.hotlyC.deeplyD.profoundlyb4.His change of job has ____him with a new challenge in lifeA.introducedB.initiatedC.presentedD.leda 5.No ________you're hungry if you haven't eaten since yesterday.A.matterB.surpriseC.wonderD.problemd6.The pianist played beautifully,showing a real _______for the music.A.feelingB.understandingC.appreciationD.sensec7.The boss ______into a rage and started shouting at Robert to do as he was told.A.flewB.chargedC.rushedD.burstb8.Politicians should never lose _______of the needs of the people they representA.viewB.sightC.regardD.prospectd9.The employees tried to settle the dispute by direct ____with the boss.A.negotiationB.connectionC.associationmunicationb10.You haven't heard all the facts so don't _____to conclusions.A.dashB.jumpC.muchD.flyb11.I am ______aware of the need to obey the rules of the competition.A.greatlyB.farC.muchD.wella12.The manager has always attended to the ____of important business himself.A.transactionB.solutionC.translationD.stimulationb13.As is known to all,a country gets a （an）____from taxes.A.incomeB.revenueC.fundD.paymentd14.The government has decided to reduce ____on all imports.A.feeB.chargeC.tariffD.tuitionb15.The need for financial provision ___not only to producers but also to consumers.A.connectsB.linksC.associatesD.relatesc16.The ability of bank to create deposits is determined by the ratio of liquid assets which they___A.mountB.containC.remainD.maintainc17.The first serious prospect of a cure for Aids,a treatment which delays its effects ______,has emerged recently.A.other thanB.rather thanC.more thanD.less thanb18.His parents died when he was young,so he was ______up by his grandma .A.bredB.broughtC.fedD.grown19.The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to ______dollars in fear of another government intervention .A.let inB.let outC.let go ofD.let offa20.The local people could hardly think of any good way to ______the disaster of the war .A.shake offB.get offC.put offD.take offSection II CloseDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil. （15 points）A few decades ago,the world banking community invented new Electronic Funds Transfer （EFT）systems to move money more efficiently across countries and around the globe. The __21__benefit of such systems was to __22___the float of capital that was unavailable for ？__23__ checks were being cleared through banking__24__. Today,we understand that benefits of electronic banking are far more _ 25__ than just reducing floating cash. The world of banking __26__revolutionizeD.It is __27_ more efficient and faster,but more global. And now _28_ the Internet,EFT systems are increasingly __29__with the new world of e-commerce and e-trade.__30__1997 and 2003,EFT value __31__from less than $50 trillion to nearly $40 trillion,more than the __32__economic product of all the countries and territories of the entire world. These statistics __33__ should emphasize the true importance of transnational EFT Satellite,wireless,and cable-based electronic fund transfers _34__ the hub of global enterprise. Such electronic cash is _35__ central to the idea of an emerging worldwide mind Without the satellite and fiber infrastructure to support the flow of electronic funds,the world economy would grind to a halt.b21.A.hiding B.getting C.driving D.givingd22.A.introduce B.reduce C.produce D.increased23.A.which B.that C.while D.whered24.A.mechanics B.methods C.procedures D.systemsa25.A.extensive B.intensive C.profound D.greatc26.A.is B.has C.has been D.had beend27.A.far B.even C.just D.not onlya28.A.with B.by C.for D.ona29.A.linked B.integrated C.controlled D.joineda30.A.Between B.In C.From D.Amonga31.A.decreased B.raised C.elevated D.soaredb32.A.gross B.accelerated bined D.collectived33.A.lonely B.alone C.only D.merelyb34.A.present B.represent C.reserve prehendb35.A.so B.nevertheless C.thereafter D.thereforeSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A,B,C,and D. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil. （15 points）Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage：Working at nonstandard times－evenings,nights,or weekends－is taking its toll on American families. One-fifth of all employed Americans work variable or rotating shifts,and one-third workweekends,according to Harriet B. Presser,sociology professor at the University of Maryland. The result is stress on familial relationships,which is likely to continue in coming decades.The consequences of working irregular hours vary according to gender,economic level,and whether or not children are involved. Single mothers are more likely to work nights and weekends than married mothers. Women in clerical,sales,or other low-paying jobs participate disproportionately in working late and graveyard shifts.Married-couple households with children are increasingly becoming dual-earner households,generating more split-shift couples. School-aged children,however,may benefit from parents'nonstandard work schedules because of the greater likelihood that a parent will be home before or after school. On the other hand,a correlation exists between nonstandard work schedules and both marital instability and a decline in the quality of marriages.Nonstandard working hours mean families spend less time together for diner but more time together for breakfast. One-on-one interaction between parents and children varies,however,based on parent,shift,and age of children. There is also a greater reliance on child care by relatives and by professional providers.Working nonstandard hours is less a choice of employees and more a mandate of employer. Presser believes that the need for swing shifts and weekend work will continue to rise in the coming decades. She reports that in some European countries there are substantial salary premiums for employees working irregular hours-sometimes as much as 50% higher. The convenience of having services available 24 hours a day continues to drive this trend.Unfortunately,says Presser,the issue is virtually absent from public discourse. She emphasizes the need for focused studies on costs and benefits of working odd hours,the physical and emotional health of people working nights and weekends,and the reasons behind the necessity for working these hours. Nonstandard work schedules not only are highly prevalent among American families but also generate a level of complexity in family functioning that needs greater attention, she says.b36.Which of the following demonstrates that working at nonstandard times is taking its toll on American families？A.Stress on familial relationships.B.Rotating shifts.C.Evenings,nights,or weekends.D.Its consequences.a37.Which of the following is affected most by working irregular hours？A.Children.B.Marriage.C.Single mothers.D.Working women.a38.Who would be in favor of the practice of working nonstandard hours？A.Children.B.Parents.d C.Employees D.Professional child providers.39.It is implied that the consequences of nonstandard work schedules are.A.emphasizedB.absentC.neglectedD.prevalentd40.What is the author's attitude towards working irregular hours？A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Indifferent.D.Objective.Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage：Most human beings actual1y decide before they think. When any human being－executive,specialized expert,or person in the street－encounters a complex issue and forms an opinion,often within a matter of seconds,how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action？Answer:not very thoroughly. Very few people，no matter how inte1ligent or experienced,can take inventory of the many branching possibilities,possible outcomes,side effects,and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter of seconds. Yet,those who pride themse1ves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion,most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the pat of the losingfaction. When one faction wins the meeting and the others see themselves as losing,the battle often doesn't end when the meeting ends. Anger,resentment,and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the 4ecision later，or to reopen the debate at later meetings.There is a better. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said,It isn't who is right,but what is right,that counts.The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer technology the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process,slowing it down,and organizing the flow of logic,it's possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never match.The structured-inquiry process introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts,then brings the experts and the decision makers closer together. Although it isn't possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting,it's possible to organize the experts'information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing focus group;it's a simple,remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.d4l.From the first paragraph we can learn that .A.executive,specialized expert,are no more clever than person in the streetB.very few people dec1de before they thinkC.those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do soD.people tend to consider carefully before making decisionsb42.Judging from the context,what does the word them（line 4, paragraph 2）refer to？A.Decision makers.B.The losing faction.C.Anger,resentment,and jealousy.D.Other people.c43.Aldous Huxley's remark （Paragraph 3）implies that.A.there is a subtle difference between right and wrongB.we cannot tell who is right and what is wrongC.what is right is more important than who is rightD.what is right accounts for the question who is righta44.According to the author,the function of the structured-inquiry method is .A.to make decision by debateB.to apply the Internet and wireless computer technology.C.to brake on the thinking process,slowing it downD.to create a level of conceptual claritya45.The structured-inquiry process can be useful for .A.decision makersB.intelligence analysis meetingC.the experts'informationD.marketing focus groupsQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage：Sport is heading for an indissoluble marriage with television and the passive spectator will enjoy a private paradise. All of this will be in the future of sport. The spectator（the television audience）will be the priority and professional clubs will have to readjust their structures to adapt to the new reality:sport as a business.The new technologies will mean that spectators will no longer have to wait for broadcasts by the conventional channels.They will be the ones who decide what to see. And they will have to pay for it. In the United States the system of the future has already started:pay-as-you-view. Everything will be offered by television and the spectator will only have to choose. The review Sports Illustrated recently published a full profile of the life of the supporter at home in the middle of the next century. It explained that the consumers would be able to select their view of the match on a gigantic,flat screen occupying the whole of one wall,with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present;they could watch from the trainer's stands just behind the batter in a game of baseball or from the helmet of the star player in an American football game. And at their disposal will be the sane option s the producer of the recorded programmer has to select replays,to choose which camera to me and to decide on the sound whether to hear the public,the players,the trainer and so on.Many sports executives,largely too old and too conservative to feel at home with the new technologies will believe that sport must control the expansion of television coverage in order to survive and ensure that spectators attend matches. They do not even accept the evidence which contradicts their view while there is more basketball than ever on television，for example,it is also certain that basketball is more popular than ever.It is also the argument of these sports executives that television harming the modest team.This is true,but the future of those teams is also modest.They have reached their ceiling.It is the law of the market.The great events continually attract larger audience.The world I being constructed on new technologies so that people can make the utmost use of their time and,in their home have access to the greatest possible range of recreational activities. Sport will have to adapt itself to the new world.The most visionary executives go further. That philosophy is:rather than see television take over sport why not have sports taken over television？d46.What does the writer mean by use of the phrase an indissoluble marriage in the first paragraph？A.sport is combined with television.B.sport controls television.C.television dictates sports.D.Sport and television will go their own waysc47.What does they in line 2 paragraph 2 stand for？A.Broadcasts.B.Channels.C.Spectators.D.Technologies.d48.How do many sports executives feel with the new technologies？A.they are too old to do anything.B.They feel ill at ease.C.They feel completely at home.D.Technologies can go hand in hand with sports.d49.What is going to be discussed in the following paragraphs？A.the philosophy of visionary executives.B.The process of television taking over sport.C.Television coverage expansion.D.An example to show how sport has taken over television.c50.What might be the appropriate title of this passage？A.the arguments of sports executives.B.The philosophy of visionary executives.C.Sports and television in the 21st century.D.Sports:a business.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage：Convenience food helps companies by creating growth,but what is its effect on people？For people who think cooking was the foundation of civilization,the microwave is the last enemy. The communion of eating togetherIs easily broken by a device that liberates households citizens from waiting for mealtimes. The first great revolution in the history of food is in danger of being undone. The companionship of the campfire,cooking pot and common table,which have helped to bond humans in collaborative living for at least 150000 years could be destroyed.Meals have certainly sated from the rise of convenience food. The only meals regularly taken together in Britain these days are at the weekend,among rich families struggling to retain something of the old symbol of togetherness. Indeed,the day's first meal has all but disappeared. In the 20th century the leisure British breakfast was undermined by the corn flake;in the 21st breakfast is vanishing altogether a victim of the quick cup of coffee in Starbucks and the cereal bar.Convenience food has also made people forget how to cook one of the apparent paradoxes of modern food is that while the amount of time spent cooking meals has fallen from 60 minutes a day in 1980 to 13M a day in 2002,the number of cooks and television programmer on cooking has multiplied. But perhaps this isn't a paradox. Maybe it is became people can't cook anymore,so they need to be told how to do it,or maybe it is because people buy books about hobbies——golf，yachting ——not about chores. Cooking has ceased to be a chore and has become a hobby.Although everybody lives in the kitchen. its facilities are increasingly for display rather than for use. Mr. Silverstein's now book,trading up look at mid-range consumer's milling now to splash out. He says that industrial–style Viking cook pot,with nearly twice the heat output of otherranges,have helped to push the kitchen as theater trend in hour goods. They cost from $1000 to $9000.Some 75% of them are never used.Convenience also has an impact on the healthiness,or otherwise,of food,of course there is nothing bad about ready to eat food itself. You don't get much healthier than an apple,and supermarkets sell a better for you range of ready-meals. But there is a limit to the number of apples people want to eat;and these days it is easier for people to eat the kind of food that makes them fat The three Harvard economists in their paper why have Americans become more obese？point out that in the past,if people wanted to eat fatty hot food,they had to cook it. That took time and energy a good chip needs frying twice,once to cook the potato and once to get it crispy. Which discouraged of consumption of that cost of food. Mass preparation of food took away that constraint. Nobody has to cut and double cook their own fries these days. Who has the time？b51.What might the previous paragraphs deal with？A.The relationship between meals and convenience food.B.The importance of convenience food in people's life.C.The rise of convenience food.D.The history of food industry.a52 .What is the paradox in the third paragraph？A.People don't know how to cook.B.The facilities in the kitchen are not totally used.C.People are becoming more obsess,thus unhealthy.D.Convenience food actually does not save people thrive.a53.What does the passage mainly discuss？A.The bad effects of convenience foodB.Mr. Silverstein's new bookC.People's new hobbyd D.Disappearance of the old symbol of togetherness.54.Why has American become more obsess？A.Because of eating chips.B.Because of being busy.C.Because of being lazy.D.B and C.b55 .Which of the following might the another mostly agree with？A.There is nothing bad about convenience food.B.Convenience food makes people lazy.C.Convenience food helps companies grow.D.Convenience food is a revolution in cooking.Section IV TranslationDirections:In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. （15 points）56. An art museum director with foresight might follow trends in computer graphics to make exhibit more appealing to younger visitor .57. For instances,capable corporate manager might see alarming rise in local housing price that could affect availability of skilled workers in the region.58. People in government also need foresight to keep system running smoothly,to play budget and prevent war.59. Many of the best known technique for foresight were developed by government planner,especially in the military,thinking about the unthinkable，60.The futurists realized that the future world is continuous with present world. We can learn a great deal about what many happen in the future by looking systematically at what is happy now.Section V WritingDirections:In this section,you are require to write a composition. You should write more than 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.（20 points）“五一”、“十一”长假丰富了人们的业余生活，促进了旅游经济的发展，同时也带来了诸如交通拥挤、环境污染等问题，请就“黄金周”的经济发展与环保问题向政府有关部门写一封信，提出自己的见解和建议。
2005年高考英语试题及答案(全国卷2)
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语YCYYCY本试卷分为第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分.第一卷1至13页。
第二卷14至17页.考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.第一卷注意事项：1．答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
不能答在试卷上。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题 1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt ?A．￡19.15. B．￡9.15. C．￡9.18.答案是 B.1．How much will the woman pay if she buys two skirts ?A．$18. B．$19. C．$20.2．What will the speakers discuss ?A．A report . B．A computer . C．A report on computer . 3．What are the speakers talking about ?A．A child . B．A room . C．A present .4．What can we learn from this conversation ?A．The woman does not get along well with the man .B．The woman does not get along well with here roommate .C．T he man will talk with the woman’s roommate .5．Where are the two speakers now ?A．On the first floor . B．On the fourth floor . C．On the fifth floor.第二节（共15小题；每题 1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷Ⅰ、Ⅱ)英语
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷Ⅰ、Ⅱ）英语第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt ?A．£19.15. B．£9.15. C．£9.18.答案是B.1．How much will the woman pay if she buys two skirts ?A．$18. B．$19. C．$20.2．What will the speakers discuss ?A．A report . B．A computer . C．A report on computer . 3．What are the speakers talking about ?A．A child . B．A room . C．A present .4．What can we learn from this conversation ?A．The woman does not get along well with the man .B．The woman does not get along well with here roommate .C．T he man will talk with the woman’s roommate .5．Where are the two speakers now ?A．On the first floor . B．On the fourth floor . C．On the fifth floor.第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。