定语从句语法 (2)
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细 节 决 定 未 来 1 个性化辅导教案 学员姓名： 年级：____授课教师： 科目：_英语__ 上课时间： 月 日 时至 时 报读 _ 课时 剩余_ 课时 学科组长 教务主任 刘应雄
前次作业检查 授 课 内 容： Complex sentence 复合句： 由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。
复合句 = +
The students (who do not study hard )will not pass the exam. 定语从句在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。定语从句还叫做嵌入句，因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。
定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。
主句 定语从句
一个主谓结构是句子的主要成分（主句） 另一个或一个以上的主谓结构
只在句子中作某个成分（定语）
主句主语 从句主语
从句谓语结构 主句谓语结构
定 语 从 句 的 引 导 词 关系 代词 指人 指物 who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)， that(主语、宾语), whose(定语) that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语) whose(定语) 关系 副词 where (地点状语) when (时间状语)
why (原因状语) 拓维教育全方位个性化学习中心 Talkedu Full Range Of Personalized Learning Center
细 节 决 定 未 来 2 注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.
考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 1、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。用什么关系副词看先行词。 I will never forget the days (______ I stayed with you). Jurassic Park is about a park ______ (a very rich man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs). 1958 was the year ______ (Spielberg made his first real film). Please give me the reason _____ (you made such a great success). Morning is the best time ______ (you practise reading aloud). Do you remember the lake _____ (you first met your girlfriend.）
2、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物动词，如是，
用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。 Yesterday we went to visit the house ______ (the great writer used to live). The house ______ (they built in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake. Luckily none of the people _____ ( I know) were killed in the earthquake. My father was born in the year ______(the Second World War broke out).
3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。 Kunming is a beautiful place ______ ( flowers are seen all the year round).
Attributive clause: 限制性定语从句 restrictive 非限制性定语从句non-restrictive 是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种
I was the only person who was invited. in my office Jenny, with whom I played table tennis
yesterday, lives in my next room.
The man who came here yesterday has come again. That is Mr. Wang, whose daughter
teaches English at a middle school. 拓维教育全方位个性化学习中心 Talkedu Full Range Of Personalized Learning Center
细 节 决 定 未 来 3 October 1st is the day ________ ( new China was founded). The window ( ______ was opened this morning) has been broken. The meeting ( ______ will be held next week) is very important.
考点二：that和which的选择 (1) that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况引导词只用that，不用which。 ①当先行词为all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时，如： a. All can be done has been done. b. I am sure she has something you can borrow. c. There is little the enemy can do besides surrender. ② 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时： I’ve read all the books you gave me. ③先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best book I’ve ever read. This is the first composition he has written in English. ④先行词被the only, the very, the last 修饰时。 That white flower is the only one I really like. This is the very book I want to find. ⑤ 当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，这个定语从句要用that而不用who (whom)和which引导。如： He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited. ⑥先行词是疑问词who, which, what 时，定语从句用that而不用who, (whom)和which引导。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate? Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this? What that is on the table belongs to me? ⑦ 当关系代词在从句中作表语时： Mary is no longer the girl she used to be. China is no longer the country it used to be. （2）只用which的情况 Which可以引导非限定性定语从句，可用于介词后，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 1 She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that 2. The weather turned out to be good, ___ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it
考点三：as与which引导的定语从句 ※对这两个词作如下归纳： 1、如果定语放主句后，即引用as也可以用which. He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural. She seems a scientist, as (=which) in fact she is. Grammar is not a dead rule, which (=as) I have said before.
高中英语语法之定语从句
定语从句语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。
与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有：when, where和why。
在定语从句中充当状语。
小总结：关系词的作用有哪些？二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
如下表：例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （________）② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （________）③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （________）④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （________）⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （________）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。
（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
定语从句（四）关系副词引导的定语从句1． when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
The time when we got together finally arrived. 我们团聚的时刻终于到了。
October 1, 1949 was the day when the Peo ple’s Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. 你还记得在农村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年吗？2． where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。
I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised . 我参观了那个饲养了许多奶牛的农场。
Is this the place where they fought the enemy? 这是他们当初打敌人的地方吗？3． why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。
The reason why he was punished is unknown to us. 他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。
语法专题十五 定语从句【考点精讲精练】-2023年中考语法一点通(教师版)
语法专题十五、定语从句考点精讲1.概念理解定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，又称形容词性从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句在先行词后面，但二者并不一定紧挨着。
关系词（引导词）：连接先行词和从句的词叫引导词，也可叫关系词或连接词。
连接词有that，who，which 等。
I like the movie that/which is funny.先行词引导词I like the singer who is beautiful.先行词引导词【特别注意】先行词和引导词是等量关系①引导词（关系词）在定语从句中充当成分，代替先行词，意思就是先行词的意义。
所以，在定语从句中不能重复其意。
✧正There are many places that we can visit in China.✧误There are many places that we can visit them in China.②先行词在从句中做主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词单复数形式由先行词决定。
This is the place that is famous for pandas.John reads books which are fun.2.如何把两个简单句合并成一个含定语从句的复合句✧He is the thief. 他是那个小偷。
✧The thief stole my wallet. 那个小偷偷了我的钱包。
（两个简单句）✧He is the thief who/ that stole my wallet.他是那个偷了我钱包的小偷。
（一个复合句）通过观察，我们可以总结出以下合并规律：（1）把两个简单句合在一起。
He is the thief The thief stole my wallet.（2）合并同类项，去掉一个多余的。
He is the thief stole my wallet.（3）根据先行词来选择引导词来代替这个多余项。
定语从句
定语从句一知识储备（1）定语从句的识别1．定语从句中缺一成分，缺的这个成分就是先行词。
2．在所有的从句中，只有定语从句中缺成分。
如果从句中却成分，那一定是定语从句。
3．定语从句和主句之间没有连词，但是有关系词，相当于连词，起连词的作用。
也就是说，在两个句子之间存在连词的话，就一定不是定语从句。
（3）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：（4）that与which, who, whom的用法区别：二、历年真题考点1：一般情况下关系代词和关系副词的使用①that及省略that1.—Do you have anything to say for yourselves?—Yes，there’s one point ______we must insist on．A．why B．where C．how D．/2. Do you still remember the chicken farm _____ we visited three months ago?A. whereB. whenC. thatD. what3. —Why does she always ask you for help?—There is no one else ______, is there?A. who to turn toB. she can turn toC. for whom to turnD. for her to turn4. What surprised me was not what he said but ______he said it.A．the way B．in the way that C．in the way D．the way which5. Is this the reason ＿＿at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained6. All ______ is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thingB. thatC. whatD. which7. Finally, the thief handed everything ______he had stolen to the police.A. whichB. whatC. whateverD. that8. The doctor _______is leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to himB. whom the nurse is talkingC. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse is talking②which1.In an hour, we can travel to places _____ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. what2. Luckily, we'd brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way.A. itB. thatC. thisD. which3. Anyway, that evening, ____ I'll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel's place.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. which4. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ______ were asked in French.A. whereB. whoC. in whichD. which③whose1.A person _____ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. whoever2. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ____ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.A. whichB. of whichC. thatD. whose3. Many children, _______ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.A. theirB. whoseC. of themD. with whom4. Look out ! Don' t get too close to the house _______ roof is under repair.A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. that5. George Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.A. the real nameB. what his real nameC. his real nameD. whose real name6. Have you seen the film "Titanic", ____ leading actor is world famous?A．its B．it's C．whose D．which④where1. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ____ he composed ‘The Magic Flute’ are both museums now.A. whereB. whenC. thereD. which2. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, ____ they learn simple games and songs.A. thenB. thereC. whileD. where3. —Where did you get to know her?—It was on the farm we worked.A．that B．there C．which D．where4. I’ll give you m y friend’s home address, ______I can be reached most evenings.A. whichB. whenC. whomD. where5. I walked in our garden, _______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.A. which B．when C．where D．that6. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _____ othervisitors seldom go.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. when⑤who1. Women _____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ______ don’t.A. who ; 不填B. 不填; whoC. who ; whoD. 不填表; 不填2. The famous basketball star, _____ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. Who3. The man _____ talked to you just now is an engineer.A. whoB. whoseC. whichD. what⑥when1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ____ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for night.A. ifB. whenC. whichD. since2. The book was written in 1946, the education system has witnessed great changes.A. when B．during which C．since then D．since when3. —Did Jack come back early last night?—Yes. It was not yet eight o'clock ______ he arrived home.A．before B．when C．that D．until4. We are living in an age _____ many things are done on computer.A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. when考点2：介词+关系代词；①most/neither/both/比较级/最高级/数词… + of +which/whom(做定语从句的主语或宾语, 与先行词成所属关系）1. She brought with her three friends, none of _____ I had ever met before.A. themB. whoC. whom D . these2. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, ______are beyond our control.A. most of themB. most of whichC. most of whatD. most of that3. The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whomB. whom the hands ofC. which the hands ofD. the hands of which4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it.A. none of themB. both of themC. none of whomD. neither of whom5. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whom6. It is reported that two schools，_____ are being built in my hometown，will open next year.A．they both B．which both C．both of them D．both of which7. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _____Chinese in the school, most ____werefrom Germany.A. study; of whomB. study; of themC. studying; of themD. studying; of whom8. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed.A. of thatB. of whichC. thatD. which9. I have many friends, ______ some are businessmen.A．of them B．from which C．who of D．of whom10. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226days.A. of whichB. during whichC. from whichD. for which11. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% _____ are sold abroad .A.of which B．which of C．of them D．of that12. There are two buildings, ______ stands nearly a hundred feet high.A．the larger B．the larger of them C．the larger one that D．the larger of which13. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows ,most of _____ hadn‘t been cleaned for at leasta year.A. theseB. thoseC. thatD. which②after + which (事情发展的时间顺序)1. He was educated at the local high school, _____ he went on to Beijing University.A. after whichB. after thatC. in whichD. in that2. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____ he found a job in a big company.A. after thatB. after whichC. after itD. after this3. She was educated at Beijing University, ________she went on to have her advanced studyabroad.A. after whichB. from whichC. from thatD. after that4. He was educated at a local grammar school, ______ he went on to Cambridge.A. from whichB. after thatC. after whichD. from this③固定搭配1. Gun control is a subject ____ Americans have argued for a long time.A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. into which2. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, ______ New York is an example.A. for whichB. in whichC. of whichD. from which3 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose.A. with whichB. to whichC. of whichD. for which4. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us. _____we gave some bells and glasses.A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which5. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently.A. whoB. asC. about whichD. with whom6. Alec asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A. with himB. whoC. with whomD. whom7. The gentleman _______ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A. whoB. about whomC. whomD. with whom8.In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ______ she could turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom④其他情况（介词+which = 关系副词—表时间，地点等做状语）:1. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.A. of whichB. on whichC. from whichD. above which2. I saw a woman running to ward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction ______she had come.A. of whichB. by whichC. in whichD. from which3. Frank's dream was to have his own shop ____ to produce the workings of his own hands.A. thatB. in whichC. by whichD. how4. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _____ people were eaten by the tiger.A. in whichB. by whichC. whichD. that5. The place ______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ______the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.A. which; whereB. at which; whichC. at which; whereD. which; in which6. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained.A．in that B．for that C．in which D．for which7. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ____he studied very hard and wasmade Chairman of the Students' Union.A. during which timeB. for which timeC. during whose timeD. by that time8. The English play ______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.A. for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which9.Is this the house _____Shakespeare was born?A. at whereB. whichC. in whichD. at which考点3：非限制性定语从句中which和as的使用；①which1. The Science Museum, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where2. Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.A. whomB. whereC. thatD. which3. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. where4. Her sister has become a lawyer, ______she wanted to be.A．who B．that C．what D．which5. New York, ____ last year, is a nice old city.A. that I visitedB. which I visitedC. where I visitedD. in which I visited非限制性定语从句中，先行词是一个句子；1. My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it2. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A. itB. whatC. whichD. that3. Whenever I met her, _____ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A. whoB. whichC. whenD. that4. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _____ can be very eye-opening and rewarding.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that5. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it6. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _____ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.A. whoB. thatC. asD. which7. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course , made the others envy him .A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which8. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _______ was true.A. he B．this C．which D．who9. The result of the experiment was very good, ______ we hadn't expected.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what10.Carol said the work would be done by October, ____ personally I doubt very much.A. itB. thatC. whenD. which11. The weather turned out to be very good, ______ was more than we could expect.A.whatB. whichC. thatD. it12.Alice received an invitation from her boss, ______came as a surprise.A. itB. thatC. whichD. he②as1. The Beatles, _______many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.A. whatB. thatC. howD. as2. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What3. ______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. WhichB. WhenC. WhatD. As4. ____ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.A. ThatB. AsC. ItD. What5. ______ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What6. These houses are sold at such a low price _______ people expected.A. likeB. as C . that D. which考点4：表示地点，时间的先行词模糊化（抽象化）①先行词（表时间）的模糊化1. She’ll never forget her stay there ____ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when2. Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A. whoB. whichC. whyD. when3. The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A. untilB. thatC. whenD. where4. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ______for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.A. thatB. whileC. whichD. when②先行词（表地点）的模糊化1. —What do you think of teaching, Bob?—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _____ you are doing something serious but interesting.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that2. Life’s like a long race ____ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. whyB. whatC. thatD.where3. I have reached a point in my life ____ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A. whichB. whereC. howD. why3. All the neighbor admire this family _____the parents are treating their child like a friend.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. that4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ______ thet can see themselves differently.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where5. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A. whereB. whenC. whoD. which6. They will fly to Washington, they plan to stay for two or three days.A. whereB. thereC. whichD. when7. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _____ sight matters more thanhearing.A. whenB. whoseC. whichD. where8. The village has developed a lot ______ we learned farming two years ago.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where9. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the languageproperly.A. whichB. asC. whyD. where10. After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where11.We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.A. whereB. thatC. whenD. which12. —Is that the small town you often refer to?—Right, just the one_______ you know I used to work for years.A．that B．which C．where D．what13. If a shop has chairs________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in theshop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where14. A fast food restaurant is the place _______, just as the name suggests, eating is performedquickly.A. whichB. whereC. thereD. what15. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A. howB. whichC. whereD. that16. I can think of many cases ____ students obviously knew a lot of English words andexpressions but couldn't write a good essay.A. whyB. whichC. asD. where17. He's got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why考点5：同位语从句和强调句，以及其他特殊情况1. —Where did you get to know her?—It was on the farm we worked.A．that B．there C．which D．where2. Animals suffered at the hands of Man ___ they were destroyed by people to make way foragricultural land to provide food for more people.A. in whichB. for whichC. so thatD. in that。
英语语法定语从句 2---关系副词
that
6. I want to use the very dictionary _________was used yesterday.
1.Is this the plane ___________ he came to New York? 2. The room _________ there are many books is mine. 3. This is the boy ___________ he talked.
the USA.
when
There were still slaves in the USA __d_u_r_i_n_g_ a time.
I’ll never forget the day _o_n_w__h_ic_h_ I first went to Beijing. when
I first went to Beijing __o_n__ the day.
We spent those days together at school.
I’ll never forget those days _d_u_r_in_g__w_h_ic_h_
we studied at school.
when
Vi.不及物动词
We studied together at school during those days.
they lived.
where
They lived _o__n_ the small farm.
破解定语从句三大秘籍之----补缺法
时间
把先行词还原到从句中去， 并加上相应的介词。
This was a time _d_u_r_i_ng__w__h_ic_h_ there were still slaves in
高中英语人教版必修2 Unit2 定语从句讲解
定语从句一、定语从句1．定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。
2．定语从句在选择关联词that 与which时，常常容易出错，所以应记住什么时候只能用that，什么时候只能用which.（1）．只能用that 的情况归纳4种：即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过；先行词为all 、everything、nothing等不定代词；先行词同时是人和物并列时；最后先行词分别被the only 、the very the same、the last 修饰。
请看下列四组例句，注意其先行词：①．The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.②．I t almost seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all that heknew at this lesson.③．Later my father and Mr. Crosset talked for about half a four of thingsand persons that they remembered in school.④．This is the very dictionary that I want to find.（2）．只用which is 情况有两种情况：一是非限制性定语从句，关联词要用which；二是做介词宾语时只能用which。
请看下列两组例句：I said nothing, which made him more angry.I have the book about which you are talking.三、在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which 和as 是容易混淆的。
在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换：1、通常As可以放在整句的句首，而which，只能在逗号之后，as 本身含有“正如”，as 在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语。
定语从句
超级语法之定语从句一、概念与分类（一）定语从句（又叫关系分句）是起定语作用的从句，修饰名词（词组）、代词、整个句子或句中述及的一件事。
被修饰的部分叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词（分为关系代词和关系副词）。
试看例句：The young man who teaches us English is from the UK.先行词关系代词定从（二）定语从句按其与先行词的密切程度分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
区别如下：限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句意义与作用指明先行词的身份或修饰限制先行词，若省去，意义不明，与先行词关系密切。
对先行词起补充说明作用，若省去，主句意义不受影响。
既可修饰先行词也可修饰整个主句或主句的一部分。
翻译通常译在先行词前作定语。
可译为主句的并列分句。
关系词所有关系词均可，当关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省。
除that外的所有关系词；任何时候都不可省。
形式定语从句前不用“，”隔开。
只位于先行词后。
可放句首，句中或句末，前后均用“，”隔开。
注：例句对比：The police have arrested the man, who murdered two officials.警方已抓了那人，他已谋杀了两名官员。
The police have arrested the man who murdered two officials. 警方已抓了那个已谋杀了两名官员的人。
二、关系代词关系词的选用是定语从句的核心，常见关系代词见下表：主语宾语定语指人whothat whomthatwhose(=of whom)指物whichthat whichthatwhose(=of which)指事which/as which/as注：关系代词作宾语或表语时可省。
关系词的选择取决于先行词的性质（指人还是指物）或先行词在定语从句中作何种成分。
例：The man who informed me is Tom. (作主语)The man (who/ whom) I informed is Tom. (作宾语)She is not the person (that) she was. (作表语)The person whose brother is my classmate is a boss. (作定语)The day when I graduated was special. （作状语）★关系代词的用法辨析1、that与which的区别：二者引导限制性定语从句时，一般可互换。
英语语法定语从句的知识点
英语语法定语从句的知识点定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念。
它用来修饰名词或代词，提供更多的信息。
本文将介绍定语从句的定义、结构、关系代词和关系副词等相关知识点。
1. 定义定语从句是由一个句子充当定语，修饰一个名词或代词的句子。
它通常用来提供对先行词的进一步解释或描述。
2. 结构定语从句的结构一般由关系词引导。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种类型。
（1）关系代词关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, and whose。
它们在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或介词宾语。
例如：- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.（我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
）- This is the house which my grandfather built.（这是我祖父建造的房子。
）- The girl who is singing is my sister.（正在唱歌的女孩是我妹妹。
）- Do you know the man whom she is talking to?（你知道她在跟那个男人说话吗？）- The girl whose bag was stolen reported it to the police.（包被盗的女孩向警察报了案。
）（2）关系副词关系副词包括where, when, 和why。
它们在从句中分别引导地点、时间和原因。
例如：- This is the school where I studied.（这是我曾经学习过的学校。
）- Can you remember the day when we first met?（你还记得我们第一次见面的日子吗？）- That is the reason why he quit his job.（那就是他辞职的原因。
）3. 关系词的选择选择合适的关系词十分重要。
定语从句语法讲解
定语从句语法讲解一.词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which that宾语Whom which thatWhose(=of whom) whose(=of which)例1：This is the detective who came from London.例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2.关系代词的用法(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。
例如：All the people that are present burst into tears.(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, few, mush, no, some, very，the only, the very, the last,the same，all，little, no just, one of，等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。
例如：The first thing that you should do is to find a good reference book.This is the best film that I have ever seen(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
定语从句的语法
定语从句的语法定语从句的语法大全一、定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词包括where, when, why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。
例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的`音乐。
(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。
例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
(作宾语)3.who, whom用于指人，who用作主语，whom用作宾语。
在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。
例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。