经贸英语阅读复习
国际商务英语阅读教程(第四版)-期末复习
Unit 1~2Mercantilism 重商主义 Neomeicantilist 新重商主义者Trade surplus 贸易顺差Quota and tariff 配额和关税Government intervention 政府干预Zero-sum game 零和博弈Positive-sum game 常和博弈The theory of absolute advantage 绝对优势理论The theory of comparative advantage 比较优势理论Factor endowments 要素禀赋理论Product life cycle 产品生命周期（+theory ……理论）Economies of scale 规模经济Diminishing returns 收益递减规律Green revolution 绿色革命Voluntary restriction 自动出口限制Deposit 佣金First mover advantage 先占优势Barrier to entry 进入(市场)壁垒Porter’s diamond theory 波特的钻石理论National competitive advantage 国家竞争优势The department of commerce 商务部Letter of credit 信用证Draft /bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading B/L 提单Sight draft 即期汇票Time draft 远期汇票Banker ‘s acceptance 银行承兑（+bill …汇票）Trade acceptance 商业承兑汇票Countertrade 对等贸易Barter 易货贸易Switch trading 转手贸易Offset 抵消Counter purchase 互购贸易Compensation trade 补偿贸易Mercantilism suggests that it is in a country’s best interest to maintain a trade surplus -- to export more than it imports（重商主义就是保持贸易顺差以实现一国的最大利益---出口超过进口）Mercantilism advocates government intervention(介入) to achieve a surplus in the balance of trade （重商主义主张政府介入以便实现对外贸易顺差）It views trade as a zero-sum game - one in which a gain by one country results in a loss by another （将贸易看成零和博弈，一个国家收益一个国家受损）Absolute Advantage 绝对优势Adam Smith argued that a country has an absolute advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country in producing it亚当斯密认为一个国家生产一种商品比其他任何国家效率都高时存在绝对优势According to Smith, countries should specialize in the production of goods for which they have an absolute advantage and then trade these goods for the goods produced by other countries 按照亚当斯密的说法，各国应该专门生产具有绝对优势的商品，然后用他们交换其他国家生产的商品The Benefit（好处） of Absolute Advantage and Free TradeThe Principle for International Division of Labor–Absolute Advantage 国际分工的原则---绝对优势The Consequence（结果） of Division of Labor and Free Trade 分工的结果和自由贸易1. To Production: the Flow of the Factor of Production 生产要素的流动； the Efficiency of Factor Distribution 要素分配效率；the Quantity of Production 产品质量。
《外刊经贸知识选读》1-6课复习资料
《外刊经贸知识选读》1-6课复习资料《外刊经贸知识选读》复习资料第一章一、术语1制成品 manufactured goods2资本货物 capital goods3国际收支 balance of payments 4经常项目 current account 5有形贸易项目 visible trade account6无形贸易项目 invisible trade account7贸易顺差 trade surplus8贸易逆差 trade deficit9易货贸易 barter10补偿贸易 compensationtrade11反向贸易 counter-trade12组装生产 assembly manufacturing13工商统一税 industrial and commercial consolidated tax 14合资企业 joint venture15延期付款 deferred payment 16买方信贷 buyer credit17卖方信贷 supplier credit 18软贷款（低息贷款） soft loan 19最惠国待遇MFN treatment （Most Favored nation treatment）20永久性正常贸易关系PNTR （Permanent Normal Trading Relations）21国民收入 NI（National Income）22国民生产总值 GNP（Gross National Product）23国内生产总值 GDP（Gross Domestic Product）24国际复兴和开发银行IBRD （International Bank for Reconstruction and Development）国际开发协会IDA（International Development Association）25国际金融公司IFC （International Finance Comporation）26经济合作和发展组织 OECD（Organization for EconomicCooperation and Development）27国际清算银行 BIS（Bank forInternational Settlement）28欧洲经济共同体 EEC（European Economic Community）29欧洲联盟 EU（EuropeanUnion）30外商直接投资 FDI（ForeignDirect Investment）二、词语释义：1substantially ：dramatically， significantly，considerably2subsequently： afterwards3exacerbate： deteriorate，worsen； aggravate； make worse4withdraw： cancellation5theme： principle6in return for： in exchange for7disrupt： interrupt8destined： designed9pronounced： marked10in the wake of： following；after with11undue： too much；unbearable12reverse： change to the opposite13buoyant： brisk14outcome： result15boost： stimulate；promote； develop16recover： rebound17facilitate： make easy18run-down： reduction19mount exhibitions： hold exhibitions20insofar as： to the extent21bottlenecks： obstacles三、句子翻译1. During the 1950s China exported agricultural products to the USSR and East European countries in return for manufactured goods and the capital equipment required for the country‘s industrialization programme which placed emphasis on the development of heavy industry. 20世纪50年代，中国向前苏联和东欧各国出口农产品以换取制成品和国家的工业化计划所要求的资本设备，而国家的工业化计划则强调重工业的发展。
自考外刊经贸知识选读复习资料(1)教学总结
自考“外刊经贸知识选读”复习资料（1）第一章一、术语制成品 manufactured goods 资本货物 capital goods 国际收支 balance of payments 经常项目 current account 有形贸易项目 visible trade account 无形贸易项目invisible trade account 贸易顺差 trade surplus 贸易逆差 trade deficit易货贸易 barter 补偿贸易 compensation trade 反向贸易 counter-trade 组装生产assembly manufacturing 工商统一税 industrial and commercial consolidated tax 合资企业 joint venture 延期付款 deferred payment 买方信贷 buyer credit 卖方信贷supplier credit 软贷款（低息贷款） soft loan 最惠国待遇 MFN treatment （Most Favored nation treatment）永久性正常贸易关系 PNTR（Permanent Normal Trading Relations）国民收入 NI （National Income）国民生产总值 GNP（Gross National Product）国内生产总值 GDP （Gross Domestic Product）国际复兴和开发银行 IBRD（International Bank for Reconstruction and Development）国际开发协会 IDA（International Development Association）国际金融公司 IFC（International Finance Comporation）经济合作和发展组织 OECD（Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development）国际清算银行 BIS（Bank for International Settlement）欧洲经济共同体 EEC （European Economic Community）欧洲联盟 EU（European Union）外商直接投资 FDI （Foreign Direct Investment）二、词语释义：substantially ： dramatically， significantly， considerablysubsequently： afterwardsexacerbate： deteriorate， worsen； aggravate； make worsewithdraw： cancellationtheme： principlein return for： in exchange fordisrupt： interruptdestined： designedpronounced： markedin the wake of： following； after withundue： too much； unbearablereverse： change to the oppositebuoyant： briskoutcome： resultboost： stimulate； promote； developrecover： reboundfacilitate： make easyrun-down： reductionmount exhibitions： hold exhibitionsinsofar as： to the extentbottlenecks： obstacles三、句子翻译1. During the 1950s China exported agricultural products to the USSR and East European countries in return for manufactured goods and the capital equipment required for the country‘s industrialization programme which placed emphasis on the development of heavy industry.20世纪50年代，中国向前苏联和东欧各国出口农产品以换取制成品和国家的工业化计划所要求的资本设备，而国家的工业化计划则强调重工业的发展。
《外刊经贸知识选读》7-15课复习资料
《外刊经贸知识选读》复习资料第七章一、术语1．free trade 自由贸易2．trade sanctions 贸易制裁3．fiscal packages 财政一揽子计划managed trade 管理贸易4．trade balance 贸易差额5．multilateral rules 多边规则6．economic cycle 经济周期7．budget deficit 预算赤字8．trade reprisals 贸易报复9. market share市场份额10.White Paper白皮书11.vested interests既得利益12.civil service行政部门13.wholesaler批发商14. Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI)日本通商产业省15. households save 家庭储蓄16. economic cycle 经济周期17. parts and components 零件、部件、零部件二、词语释义：1. draw the line: set limits; refuse to go as far as or beyond （划定界限；不肯做到或超越某种程度）2. die down: disappear gradually3. foreshadow: is a sign of; represents; indicates4 capitulate to: yield to5. thrust: principal concern or objective6. geared to: adjusted to7. take sb to task for: reprimand sb for; criticize sb for8. is at pains to: makes a great effort to; works hard to9. of its own accord: voluntarily; spontaneously10. export-driven: export-led; export-oriented11. in due course: at the right time12. cave in to: give in to三、句子翻译1. The strongest signal came last week，when Mickey Kanter，(the U.S. trade representative), moved quickly to cite the 12-nation European Community for (“intolerable”discrimination against U.S. companies)seeking government contracts withinthe community. The administrationwill begin retaliating in six weeks ifEC policies remain unchanged.最强的信号来自于上周，美国贸易代表米奇·凯特引用欧共体的话指出，12国欧共体谋求共同体内部的政府间合同是对美国公司的“令人无法忍受的”歧视。
考研英语阅读作文常用主题词经济贸易类
考研英语阅读作文常用主题词经济贸易类81. 经济构造调整 economic restructuring82. 经济增长点 economic growth point ; growth engine83. 经济过热 overheated economy84. 经济滑坡 economic downturn85. 集约化经营 intensive management86. 灰色收入 gray ine87. 福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system88. 分期付款 installment payment89. 从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy90. 按揭购房 buy a house on a mortgage ; mortgage a house91. 边际效益 marginal benefit92. 不良贷款 non-performing loan93. 裁减冗员 lay off redundant staff; cut down on overstaffing94. 产品更新换代 upgrade of products95. 创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park96. 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy97. 家庭联产承包责任制 household contract responsibility system98. 战 petition for talented people99. 脱贫致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity100. 资源优化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources。
外刊经贸知识选读复习资料
外刊经贸知识选读第一章一、术语1. 制成品 manufactured goods2.资本货物 capital goods3.国际收支 balance of payments. 经常项目 current account有形贸易项目 visible trade account无形贸易项目 invisible trade account贸易顺差 trade surplus贸易逆差 trade deficit易货贸易 barter补偿贸易 compensation trade反向贸易 counter-trade组装生产 assembly manufacturing工商统一税 industrial and commercial consolidated tax合资企业 joint venture延期付款 deferred payment买方信贷 buyer credit卖方信贷 supplier credit软贷款 (低息贷款) soft loan最惠国待遇 MFN treatment (Most Favored nation treatment)永久性正常贸易关系 PNTR(Permanent Normal Trading Relations)国民收入 NI(National Income)国民生产总值 GNP(Gross National Product)国内生产总值 GDP(Gross Domestic Product)国际复兴和开发银行IBRD(International Bank for Reconstruction and Development)国际开发协会 IDA(International Development Association)国际金融公司 IFC(International Finance Comporation)经济合作和发展组织 OECD(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) 国际清算银行 BIS(Bank for International Settlement)欧洲经济共同体 EEC(European Economic Community)欧洲联盟 EU(European Union)外商直接投资 FDI(Foreign Direct Investment)二、词语释义：substantially ： dramatically， significantly， considerablysubsequently： afterwardsexacerbate： deteriorate， worsen; aggravate; make worsewithdraw： cancellationtheme： principlein return for： in exchange fordisrupt： interruptdestined： designedpronounced： markedin the wake of： following; after withundue： too much; unbearablereverse： change to the oppositebuoyant： briskoutcome： resultboost： stimulate; promote; developrecover： reboundfacilitate： make easyrun-down： reductionmount exhibitions： hold exhibitionsinsofar as： to the extentbottlenecks： obstacles三、句子翻译1. During the 1950s China exported agricultural products to the USSR and East European countries in return for manufactured goods and the capital equipment required for the country‘s industrialization programme which placed emphasis on the development of heavy industry.20世纪50年代，中国向前苏联和东欧各国出口农产品以换取制成品和国家的工业化计划所要求的资本设备，而国家的工业化计划则强调重工业的发展。
商务英语阅读考试复习重点
商务英语阅读考试复习重点第⼀单元财经⼀、学习⽬的与要求通过本单元学习，认知商贸英语⽂章的内在逻辑关系，帮助学⽣提⾼阅读理解的能⼒，了解国际财经概况。
⼆、考核知识点与考核⽬标（⼀）课内训练（重点）识记：1. When Banker’s Bets Go Bad银⾏家的猜测落空名词解释：OCC: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency 通货监理局Alan Greenspan 艾伦·格林斯潘，美联储主席句⼦翻译：1)The bank had doubled profits in the past year via a string of successful mergers, but on Apr. 21 it reported that its securities portfolio had unrealized losses of nearly $131 million.2)We’re considering strategies that make the most sense if rates are going up much more aggressively and sooner than anticipated.2. Creating Government Financing Programs for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in China中国为中⼩型企业提供政府财政援助项⽬名词解释：Labor-intensive 劳动密集型SME: small and medium-sized enterprise 中⼩型企业SOE: state-owned enterprises 国有企业句⼦翻译：In China, as a result of the economic reforms and market opening measures, SMEs have enjoyed remarkable development and have grown to become an important force in contributing towards sustained and rapid growth of theChinese economic.（⼆）阅读技巧（次重点）应⽤：阅读的逻辑技巧（三）课外练习（⼀般）理解：1.Carlyle Group’s Asian Invasion加雷集团的亚洲扩张名词解释：Venture-capital 风险资本Carlyle Group 凯雷投资集团Citigroup 花旗集团2. Why the Dollar Is Blooming Again为什么美元再次复兴？名词解释：Greenback 美元（俚语）Lehman Brothers Inc 雷曼兄弟公司European Central Bank 欧洲中央银⾏Federal Reserve Bank 美国联邦储备银⾏（四）拓展阅读（⼀般）理解：1. How Banks Pretty up the Profit Picture银⾏如何美化收益前景2. Thai Stocks What Goes Up 泰国股市：到底是怎么了？3. Inventing to Order 以市场为导向开发产品4. I t’s an Office Party in Hong Kong⾹港办公楼地价之争第⼆单元⼈⼒资源管理⼀、学习⽬的与要求通过本单元学习，掌握商务英语阅读中的快速阅读技巧，了解⼈⼒资源管理概况。
经贸英语阅读
.introduction
• • • • The Introduction contains 2 types of information: 1. information about the report 2. an introduction to the content of the report. It is also aimed at two types of readers:
Types of reports (in terms of contents)
• • • • • • • • • Reports in General: Monthly Progress Reports: (月度进展报告) Project Reports: Sales Reports Routine Reports: Field Trip Reports: (实地调查报告) Workshop Reports: Feasibility Reports: (可行性报告) Audit Report: (审计报告)
Structure of business report
• • • • • • 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Method 4 Findingsห้องสมุดไป่ตู้5 Conclusion 6 Recommendations
.
• 1. Introduction 2. Method 3. Findings and Discussion 4. Conclusion 5. Recommendations
.
• 1. Information about the report (called the 'Terms of Reference'). • 1.1 Who asked for the report (Past tense, passive voice) Most reports are requested by a manager, but some are commissioned by people or organisation outside the company, and some are written by staff to suggest something.
如何自学“经贸英语阅读”课程-自学考试.doc
如何自学“经贸英语阅读”课程-自学考试经贸英语阅读开考于1996年，其后在每年的上半年举行，是高等教育自学考试商务英语专业(专科段)的基础课程，旨在帮助自学者扩大经贸知识面，增加词汇量，提高阅读、翻译等能力。
不少自学者感觉这门课程难度较大，故而信心不足。
本文拟分析产生这一情况的原因，进而指出自学者应制定计划并注意处理好经贸英语与一般英语、词汇等新知识的获得与保持，平时学习与针对性练习等几个方面的关系。
知己知彼，周密计划我们中国人都很熟悉“知己知彼”的意义所在。
实际上，无论我们做什么，要想无往不胜，取得成功，都应能做到既知己也知彼。
经贸英语阅读这门课是本专业的“高年级”课程，之所以这样说，是因为，自学者理应在修完精读(一)、泛读(一)、甚至精读(二)等英语课程以及在学习了国际贸易、国际金融等经贸课程的基础上，再进入本课程的学习。
实际情况是，许多刚报名参加本专业学习的自学者便报考这一门课，特别是在1996年。
当时“商务英语”专业可说是名副其实的新设专业(1995年下半年增设)，有多门课程尚未开考。
也许是因为没有更多的选择，又想能早一天开始，早一天如愿，约有四百多人参加了考试，而报了名最后怯考者则大有人在。
很显然，大家对“商务英语”专业不太了解，对经贸英语阅读这门课的基本要求还不甚清楚。
在这种情况下报名应考，无疑是犯了兵家大忌。
一方面，大家的热情值得鼓励，下定决心便付诸于行动。
但另一方面，当我们根据自己的兴趣、工作的需要等而自学某一专业时，必须循序渐进，毕竟这不是可以一蹴而就的事。
“商务英语”专业的自学在这方面也毫无例外。
而且，如果我们因为不了解，结果受挫，进而打退堂鼓，那么就更值得我们去反思这其中的原因了。
要避免不合理性的选择，很重要的是我们能够了解“商务英语”专业课程设置(“知彼”)，并结合自己的现实水平(“知己”)制订一个计划，这一计划必须是一个称得上是SMART 的计划(S－Specific,M－Measurable,A－Ambitious,R_Realistic,T－Time－based)。
经贸英语2-2课后习题答案
Unit 3 Quality and QuantityⅡ1. We're satisfied with the quality of your samples and I'm positive that your commodity will finda market in our country.If your prices are reasonable and quantities satisfactory, we'll place substantial order.In view of the excellent quality of your products, we are going to make orders in large quantities.I believe that the high quality and low price of our commodity will attract you to place a trial orders.If you can increase your quantity to 100 000 pieces, we may consider giving you 1.5% discount. Because of the recent heavy inflow of orders, our supply position is very stringent. But we will do our utmost to satisfy your requirements of quantity.We believe that the superior quality and competitive price of our products will please your customers. We want to order 100 000 dozen, that is 40 000 dozen more than what we bought last year.Our commodities have been improved in both quality and design. I'm sure you'll be interested in them.10. Our woolen sweaters have no rival in quality and color. No other supplier can touch us in this point.Ⅲ1. 如果你方给我们提供的货物质量上乘，价格合理，那我方将订购一大批。