实用商务英语翻译(新视界商务英语系列教材)课后习题答案
Unit 11. 请将下列英语句子译成汉语（1）在这种情况下，世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。
各国中央银行也就无需维持本币的汇价了。
（2）在全球一体化日益增长的今天，许多国际营销商所面临的任务与其说是市场准入问题不如说是在不同的国际市场中管理市场组合的问题。
（3）真正的劳力士手表被证实在全球任何地方都是一样的，它的定位即成功人士的手表——正如其广告所说的在全球任何地方都是一样的。
（4）然而，其核心产品——牛仔裤和运动鞋——正在失去吸引力，公司正挣扎于一个竞争非常激烈的市场。
（5）我们之所以有商业机会是因为互联网所导致的社会结构变化。
2. 请将下列段落译成英文。
Price and pricing policy play an important role in all marketing strategy. It is worthwhile for any exporter to pay special attention to pricing before coming to grips with overseas buyers. Overseas purchasers are generally reputed to be professional, knowledgeable and possessing solid information as a basis for their decisions. In most cases, hey are guided in their business activities by a budget which in turn is based on direct costing. This means that to them the purchase price is but one cost element among several others and that the total cost does not accrue until the goods have been sold to the next customer. It is therefore irrelevant to the purchasers whether they can lower the price by bargaining or, as an alternative, make the sellers take over part of their other costs for the product. Such peripheral costs may include special packaging, price marking.3.请将下列段落译成汉语。
证券交易和非公开信息在正常的业务经营过程中，您可能会接触到一些信息，而这些信息会影响卡特皮勒公司或另外一家公司的股票、购股权或其他证券的价值。
纽约证券交易所和证券交易管理委员会管制实质性信息必须公布给投资大众的时间。
在公布之前，这类信息被视为实质性非公开信息并必须加以保密。
在这类信息公布给大众之前利用这类信息为个人牟利或将之透露给任何其他人，即是违反联邦法律和卡特皮勒公司政策的行为。
Unit 21.请将下列汉语句子译成英语（1）It possesses unique style and flavor and is an extremely enjoyable drink.（2）It has been proved that Lvyuan Taigan is able to produce certain medical effects, namely, to allay internal heat and fever, to reduce hypertension, to regulate and strengthen bodily functions, to relieve halitosis and to dispel the effects of alcohol.（3）With the increase in unemployment, the devaluation of US dollars and the distress that the stock market encounters, the economy will constitute the most difficult problem for the President.（4）At Tian Hsiang Restaurant, we have engaged six celebrated chefs from Hong Kong, preparing Chinese cuisines of all kinds, including Cantonese delicacies, Hong Kong style Tim Sum or specially priced set meals—all looking attractive, smelling inviting and tasting delicious. Regardless of your preference, you can always find something to your liking here.（5）Business should give promi nence to the full use of employees’ capabilities, creativity and wisdom potential, trying to create a working environment with fair competition, doing well in the training of employees, arousing the empl oyees’ enthusiasm about work and making the best possible use of every employee.2.请将下列汉语成语、谚语译成英语（1）to pull the chestnut out of the fire（2）like square pegs in round holes（3）to go through fire and water（4）to make a mountain out of a molehill（5）shout in the east and strike in the west（6）The grass always looks greener on the other side.（7） A guilty person gives himself away by conspicuously protesting his innocence.（8） A storm may rise from a clear sky. / Something unexpected may happen any time.（9）The rising wind forebodes the coming storm.（10）If the upper beam is not straight, the lower ones will go aslant.3. 请将下列英语成语、谚语译成汉语（1）破釜沉舟（2）不伦不类（3）同病相怜（4）一丘之貉（5）口蜜腹剑（6）重伤犹可治，恶名久难消。
（7）车到山前必有路，船到桥头自然直。
（8）一回上当两回乖。
（9）拿了手短，吃了嘴软。
（10）投之以桃，报之以李。
Unit 31. 请将下列英文译成汉语（1）企划部（2）发货部（3）营业部（4）财务部（5）技术部（6）首席知识官（7）财务主管，财务总监（8）咨讯主管，信息总管（9）商务专员（10）销售助理2. 请将下列名片译成汉语（1）（2）Unit 41.1（Q）2（N）3（O）4（I）5（B）6（D）7（K）8（J）9（G）10（L）11（F）12（E）13（H）14（A）15（C）16（M）17（R）18（S）19（T）20（P）2. 请翻译下列广告语（1）从未有过的好时代。
（2）天长地久。
（3）优雅态度真我性格（4）理解就是沟通。
（5）质量带来成功。
（6）宠爱自己，不损形体。
（7）领先数码，超越永恒。
（8）When you come, you are a guest of ours, when you leave, we are the friends of yours.（9）Eden and paradise in heaven; Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.（10）As she boasts advanced science, China attracts global eyes.（11）In the heart of Huangpu, Financial Square on Jiujiang Road is a well-situated Shanghai office tower.（12）不游世界不死心，不到纽约非好汉。
（13）我们要向您预示未来的结果。
我们要发表别人不敢发表的东西。
我们给您在别的地方找不到的内部消息。
（14）您会享受这阳光明媚的轻松日子。
温暖、清澈的还礁湖。
清凉、碧绿的树叶，瀑布、花丛、奇异的芬芳，明亮的蓝天，幽静的海滩，优美的棕榈，壮丽的落日，轻柔的晚风。
还有那绝妙的食物。
Unit 5请翻译下列商务信函：1.买家您好，很高兴再次收到您的查询：您在去年9月15日曾向我们查询过竹篮，那时我们曾寄过公司目录给您，如您需要我可再寄一次给您。
您并不是巴西唯一向我们查询过竹篮的进口商，我们也曾收到来自巴西ABC公司、Universal有限公司等的进口商的查询，但他们总是查询另一种竹篮。
如您有需要，我可以向您介绍那一类的竹篮。
您是否希望我为您的巴西市场做些特别的样品给您？我们是有14年专业竹制品经验的中国制造商和提供超过1 500种多样的竹制品，月产量达五百万个，是您最值得信赖的中国竹制品供应商。
您询问的产品（如附图）资料如后：XXXX。
我明天会寄一份目录给您，若您能提供您的快递账号，我们将把样品一同寄给您！2.敬启者：我们的一个孟买客户要求我们从贵方取得下列规格的彩色电视机形式发票：“海尔”彩色电视机25英寸和34英寸各500台。
请尽快航邮注有孟买到岸价格的1 000台彩色电视机的形式发票，以便我们取得客户认可。
新世纪商务英语本科生 第二版 商务英语阅读教程2 Unit8答案及注解
Unit Eight Marketing (I)Part I Pre-reading Questions1.How can businesses attract more customers with similar products and services?答案范例：With similar products and services, businesses can attract more customers by means of high quality, competitive price, diverse channel, and effective marketing.2.Is branding important? Why?答案范例：Yes, branding is important for the following reasons:a)Branding demonstrates a company’s promise to its customers.b)Effective branding promotes recognition.c)Effective branding helps to build trust with customers..d)Branding provides motivation and direction for the staff.3.What makes a successful salesman?答案范例：There are some key ingredients of a successful salesman, such as:a)They aim high.b)They keep close contact with the customers.c)They pay close attention to market changes.d)They collaborate extensively, both internally and externally.e)They are always on the lookout for the opponents.Part II Extensive Reading段落大意难句解析词汇Text A1. 主旨归纳本文通过星巴克在遭遇困境时作出运营调整的事例，说明企业要想为股东创造长期价值，就必须为顾客和员工创造长期价值。
商务英语翻译习题答案word精品文档12页
1、从合同生效之日起到合同终止的期间内，双方每年举行一次正式会晤，一边讨论合同执行中存在的问题，以及就技术改进与创新问题进行交流，为进一步的技术合作奠定基础。
双方的会晤轮流在两国举行。
讨论的内容和结论载入备忘录中。
每方参加人员不得超过5人，费用自理。
2、如果合同一方未能在合同规定的时限内履行合同义务，并在收到未违约方的通知后15天内未能消除违约或采取补救措施，而且在被允许推迟履行的期限内未履行合同，在此情形下，未违约的一方应书面通知违约方解除合同，同时有权要求违约方赔偿损失。
Exercise 2（1）单单是去年一年的时间，美元已经升值了10%，这与2019年至2019年的亚洲金融危机期间的升值幅度差不多。
（2）美国经济的减速很可能更加支持人们对美元的信心。
2）（1）汇率变动对进口价格的影响取决于柜内市场需求的强度。
（2）事实上，今年美国的出口已经有显著增长，长期以来首次超过了进口。
1、当事人一方不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定的，在履行义务或采取补救措施后，对方还有其他损失的，应当赔偿损失。
2、发行机构本事业务需要发行债券的，所筹资金必须按批准的用途使用，债券本息的偿还自行负责。
3、清关手续有住所在该国的一方或其代表办理，这通常是可取的。
因此，出口商通常应该办理出口清关手续，进口商应办理进口清关手续。
Exercise 21、政治稳定指的是………the degree of conflict and cooperation within a particular nation and between that nation and others.2、在最近的一次研究中，研究者发现如果一国冲突不断……相反，如果一国合作程度很高，那么公司用于市场营销行为的投资就会多。
…firms made fewer investments in marketing activities.3、市场营销者普遍认为，如果一国的政治关系良好，那么他们所做的努力就会有更多成功的机会。
邹勇《新编实用商务英语》第二版课后翻译答案
III. Translate the following sentences into English1. Negotiation plays a basic part in conclusion of a contract and has direct influence on the conclusion and implementation of a contract, and also has a great bearing on the economic interest of the parties concerned.2. Both parties must change as required of them by situations, if either of them fails to find out which type of negotiation is necessary in a particular situation, the odds are he will fail.3. How to mak e both “sides” meet in negotiations without causing much loss to either, which may bring both out of the win-lose mix and help accomplish their objectives, requires creativity.4. Every party must be aware of the danger of relying mainly on the competitive approach if a long-term relationship is to be developed and maintained.5. Establishing credibility from the outset is essential if the discussions are to progress towards agreements.6. One of the advantages of using conditional questions is that they do not bind either side to a specific offer and do not require unilateral concessions by one party.7. With a growing number of countries are becoming actively engaged in world trade, business executives are faced with such a demanding environment for their commercial negotiations that they need to master negotiation skills in a global setting.IV. Translate the following passages into Chinese1.任何一位团队成员都不可能具有使公司战略获得成功所需要的所有才能。
商务英语1, 2单元课后练习答案和课文翻译
Task 1（1）You should place it with this side up.( 2 ) You should keep it try.( 3 ) You can drink it safely.( 4 ) You should handle with care.( 5 ) This food should be health and safety.（6）This stands for the level of food safety（7）This product has passed Quality Safety check（8）It has passed a food safety certificate.（9）It has passed a drinking safety certificate.（10）This is green food.Task 2 Discuss with your partner and match the world famous advertisement slogans 1-6 with logos A-F.1. All the news that’s fit to print --------New York Times2. Better things for better living through chemistry----------Du Pont3. Finger一lickin’good---------Ken- tucky Fried Chicken4．I’m lovin’ it.---------McDonald’s5. Something special in the air．----------American Airlines6. We bring good things to life.---------- General Electric1E 2．F 3．A 4. C 5．D 6．BUnit TaskTask 1 Decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage.1.F2. F3.T4.F5.FTask 2 Match the following terms with their Chinese meanings.1. d2.f3.b4.j5. c6.i7.h8.e9. a 10. gTask 3Complete the following sentences with the words or phrase given below。
商务英语翻译习题答案
商务英语翻译习题答案第一篇：商务英语翻译习题答案Unit 1 Exercise 11、从合同生效之日起到合同终止的期间内，双方每年举行一次正式会晤，一边讨论合同执行中存在的问题，以及就技术改进与创新问题进行交流，为进一步的技术合作奠定基础。
双方的会晤轮流在两国举行。
讨论的内容和结论载入备忘录中。
每方参加人员不得超过5人，费用自理。
2、如果合同一方未能在合同规定的时限内履行合同义务，并在收到未违约方的通知后15天内未能消除违约或采取补救措施，而且在被允许推迟履行的期限内未履行合同，在此情形下，未违约的一方应书面通知违约方解除合同，同时有权要求违约方赔偿损失。
Exercise 2（1）单单是去年一年的时间，美元已经升值了10%，这与1997年至1998年的亚洲金融危机期间的升值幅度差不多。
（2）美国经济的减速很可能更加支持人们对美元的信心。
2）（1）汇率变动对进口价格的影响取决于柜内市场需求的强度。
（2）事实上，今年美国的出口已经有显著增长，长期以来首次超过了进口。
Unit 2 Exercise 1 当事人一方不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定的，在履行义务或采取补救措施后，对方还有其他损失的，应当赔偿损失。
发行机构本事业务需要发行债券的，所筹资金必须按批准的用途使用，债券本息的偿还自行负责。
清关手续有住所在该国的一方或其代表办理，这通常是可取的。
因此，出口商通常应该办理出口清关手续，进口商应办理进口清关手续。
Exercise 2 政治稳定指的是………the degree of conflict and cooperatio n within a particular nation and between that nation and others.2、在最近的一次研究中，研究者发现如果一国冲突不断……相反，如果一国合作程度很高，那么公司用于市场营销行为的投资就会多。
…firms made fewer investments in marketing activities.3、市场营销者普遍认为，如果一国的政治关系良好，那么他们所做的努力就会有更多成功的机会。
商务英语1, 2单元课后练习答案和课文翻译
Task 1（1）You should place it with this side up.( 2 ) You should keep it try.( 3 ) You can drink it safely.( 4 ) You should handle with care.( 5 ) This food should be health and safety.（6）This stands for the level of food safety（7）This product has passed Quality Safety check（8）It has passed a food safety certificate.（9）It has passed a drinking safety certificate.（10）This is green food.Task 2 Discuss with your partner and match the world famous advertisement slogans 1-6 with logos A-F.1. All the news that’s fit to print --------New York Times2. Better things for better living through chemistry----------Du Pont3. Finger一lickin’good---------Ken- tucky Fried Chicken4．I’m lovin’ it.---------McDonald’s5. Something special in the air．----------American Airlines6. We bring good things to life.---------- General Electric1E 2．F 3．A 4. C 5．D 6．BUnit TaskTask 1 Decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage.1.F2. F3.T4.F5.FTask 2 Match the following terms with their Chinese meanings.1. d2.f3.b4.j5. c6.i7.h8.e9. a 10. gTask 3Complete the following sentences with the words or phrase given below。
新世纪商务英语综合教程第二册课后答案Unit6.doc
Keys to Unit 6Language Foucs①1.be wary of2.application3.be accustomed to 4・ refine 5. replace②1・sufficient 2. at a stroke 3. ethical 4. integrated 5・wary 6. hint 7.accustomed 8. harness 9. inhaling 10. transformation 11. neutral 12. applications 13. opened up 14. approach 15. novel 16. pose 17. crowded out 18. transferred 19. grounds③Nouns verbs adjectivesmanipulation manipulate manipulativedegradation degrade degradingsufficiency suffice sufficientapplication apply appliedneutrality n eutralize neutralascendancy ascend ascendingremedy remedy remedialrefinement refine refinedconcession concede concessive%1UsageIT StructureRead the following three sentences taken from Text I and Text III. What do they have in common? 1・It was Francis Bacon, a father of the modern scientific project, who said plainly that "the mechanical arts are of ambiguous use, serving as well for hurt as for remedy?72.It is not simply the age of modern science that should worry us, but the refashioned people in it.3.Fundamental research could go on in universities but it was only in the large industrial or government funded research laboratories that the really important practical advances were made・Use the structure to rewrite the following sentences, emphasizing the underlined parts:L The moral challenge of modern science reaches well beyond the ambiguity of new technologies because modem science is much more than a source of technology.---- It is because modern science is much more than a source of technology that the moral challenge of modern science reaches well beyond the ambiguity of new technologies・2.They were discussed among the priests in the temple of Solomon three thousand years ago.---- It was three thousand years ago that they were discussed among the priests in the temple of Solomon.3・ In small and medium sized companies technology is best transferred by the academics moving out of their universifies and devoting their full energies to the product development process.----- It is by the academics moving out of their universities and devoting their full energies to the product development process that technology is best transferred in small and medium sized companies ・It can be used to emphasize almost any part of the sentence, except the verb.1 ・ when the focus is on the action or the object of the action, but who or what is performing the action is not important or not known, and sometimes the writer simply avoids mentioning who is responsible for certain actions (like in sentences 1 and 6);2.because the write r needs to put longer and “heavier，，expressions at the end of a sentence (like in sentences 5, 7 and 8);3.when we need to start a sentence with what is already mentioned in the previous part in order to achieve cohesion or coherence (like in sentences 2, 3 and 4).Passive voice is often used in scientific writing where we are more interested in events and processes and where “an objective tone" is preferred・However, we should use it only when necessary. Overusing passive structures can make our writing awkward and unclea匚Suppose the author uses more passive constructions in TEXT II, would it still be concise, clear and interesting read? Comprehensive Practice1. grinding2. crude3. manufacturing4. bottom5. blocks6. molecules7. efficient & precise 9. nanotechnology 10 capabilities 11. promise 12. Development©Translate ........1.Most people view science as a neutral tool. In their opinion, it simply uses knowledge of the natural world to inform us or empower us, but what we do with that knowledge and power remains up to us.2.Application of nanotechnology will bring about a total transformation in the way of manufacturing. Unlike technology-as-we know-it today, it poses no threat to the environment.3・ Cloning has become the dominating concern in the past few years. Some people oppose human cloning on the grounds that it may open up some troubling ethical questions.4.Now there is sufficient evidence that stem cell research will provide a new/novel approach to treatment of many serious diseases.5.Technology・based businesses must be effective in technology transfer and integrating the new technologies into its product development. Otherwise it will be crowded out with increasingly intense competition.③ Intc 卬ret .....The tremendous advances in pure science during the 20h Century have completely transformed the relationship between science and society. Science has become a dominant element in our lives・ It has yielded many benefits and brought enormous improvements to the quality of life, but has alsocreated grave perils. These in elude pollution of the environment, the squandering of natural resources, and, above all, a threat to the very existence of the human species through the development of weapons of mass destructiori・However, many scientists believe that their work has nothing to do with those problems, on the ground that there is a clear distinction between pure and applied science・ It is the application of science that can be harmful, they claim. To them, what is researched in scientific institutions is pure scienee only. In effect, the lines dividing pure and applied science have become blurred in recent years. Biotechnology is a dramatic example・Today's novel ideas in laboratories can become tomorrow^ favourite tech no logies of the market place ・ In light of the complex relationships of scientific research and tech no logy development and the dominant role played by science in modern society, scientists should be concerned with the ethical issues that their work opens up, and be wary of the human and environmental consequences of scientific research・Study SkillsCan you put the following abbreviations into /wo groups accordin 父to their pronunciation? Initialisms AT&T, IBM, WTO, GM, GE, HP, CEOAcronyms GATT, LASER, PIN, OPEC, NAFTAAn acronym is pronounced as a word, as the letters in it are combined into syllables, while the letters in an initialism are pronounced individually・How do you read the following abbreviations? What do they stand for?LED light-emitting diodeBBC British Broadcasting CorporationCNN Cable News NetworkABC American Broadcasting CompanyATM Automated Teller MachineUPC Universal Product CodeBP British PetroleumCFO Chief Financial OfficerCOO Chief Operating OfficerEU European UnionUR1 Uniform Resource LocatorUFO unidentified flying objectUN the United NationsWB World BankIMF International Monetary FundTQM Total Quality ManagementUNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationVAT Value Added TaxWIPO World Intellectual Property OrganizationIn the above list, LED, UNESCO, VAT, WIPO are acronyms.Writing SkillsPara 2. ThisPara 3: ButPara 4: The moral challenge of modern science reaches well beyond the ambiguity of new technologies...Para 5: understandingPara 6: But this is a profound misunderstandingPara 7: ThisPara 8: All of thisPara 9: transitional paragraphPara 10: By its very success and its impressive power, then,Para 11: as the ability of science to remake the natural world continues to expand, science itself, or at least our concession to its authority, has left us increasingly powerless to decide how best to use our novel mastery.。
实操商务英语教程翻译课后答案
Chapter 1II. Reference Answers:一、翻译下列术语：1. intralingual translation2. interlingual translation3. literary translation4. business translation5. pragmatic translation6. 装运港7. 硬货币8. 银行汇票9. 仲裁协议10.优先购买权二、用直译法和意译法翻译下列句子：1. 约翰是一个干净利落、相貌伟岸的人。
2. 在某些自动化工厂，计算机控制整个生产线。
3. 在海外发达国家，6000人可支撑一家便利店的发展，但是，在上海平均4000人就拥有一家便利店。
4. 美国和中国有着共同的利益，当然也有分歧，不过我们相信我们能够以相互了解和相互尊重的态度来探讨存在的分歧。
5. 全面质量管理显然并非仅仅限于产品本身，而是在“从大棚到餐桌的各个生产阶段实施自我检查的可跟踪制度”。
6. The information went in one ear of his and out the other.7. “I travel because I have to see the scene,” he once said, “I can’t invent it”.8. Trade deficits can be controlled if proper measures are taken.9. The ear of economic globalization witnessed closer international trade ands economicexchanges and strengthened trade and economic cooperation, and regional trade and economic cooperation arrangements of various types spring up one after another.10. The Chinese government has vowed to sweep all shoddy and fake goods off the shelves.In addition, stiff penalties loom for counterfeiters.三、翻译下列句子或语段，并注意商务英语翻译的特点：1. 第二天大清早七点，他们就把你叫醒，叫你穿起透明睡袍，让你在床上吃早饭，好让纽约各家报纸都来拍你床上吃早饭的照片，而你实在是一夜没有好睡，正困得睡眼惺松呢。
商务英语翻译课后习题答案
第三章It is not difficult to insure high-speed growth of the national economic through expanding investment on a large scale, but it is difficult to realize effective economic growth and raise the enterprises' capital profit rate and productivity. It is better to change investment structure and orient the investment to infrastructure industries of the national economy such agriculture, energy, and communications than to blindly channel capital into real estate and securities; however, investment in the infrastructure industry will not (ate least in the short term) bring high economic benefits. It is imperative to orient the investment to enterprises with better economic benefits, but in China, enterprises with better economic benefits, State-owned enterprises in particular, have been concentrated on the highly monopolized industries such as tobacco, petrochemicals and telecommunications, and the high-speed development of theses enterprises will play a limited role in promoting the whole of society.要通过大规模地扩大投资来保证国民经济的高速增长并不难，难就难在要实现经济的有效增长以及提高企业的资本利润率和生产力。
新世纪商务英语综合教程第二册课后答案unit3
商务英语综合教程2 unit3 答案Part FiveLanguage Focus○1.○2.1. poses2. reconcile3. invested with4. committed (himself) to5. accustomed to6.arose (partly) from7. engaged (herself) in8. articulate9. grappled with 10. in terms of 11. elicit 12. applied to 13. range 14. derived from 15. drew (heavily) on 16. assess 17. divorced from 18. consists in 19. no matter what 20. is (not) consistent with○3○41. broken2. trembling3. crying4. burning5.smiling6. frightened7. approving8. approved9. cleaning 10. parkedComprehensive Practice○1Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word.1. how2. that3. where4. encountered5. on6. it7. choose8. on9. engaged 10.degree 11.with 12. school 13. with 14. finance 15. men 16.even 17.the○2Fill in the blanks with the following adverbs from the texts. Consult your dictionaries when necessary.1.effectively2.practically3. passively4. increasingly5. potentially6. seemingly7. rarely8. occasionally9.expressly 10.Ultimately 11.merely 12.collectively 13.inevitably 14.Barely 15.repeatedly○3Translation the following into English, using words and phrased given in brackets.1. Education is the acquisition of the art of the utilization of knowledge.2. The function of a university is to enable students to shed details in favor of general principles.3. The Harvard Business School pioneered the “case method”, in which students evaluate and debate a dilemma a company encountered in real business situations.4. The transition from finance chief to business-school lecturer isn’t always easy. There are some prerequisities for CFOs-turned-lecturers. It’s important to have an “excellent reputation”in the field, be good with people and, most important, be able to engage with students.5. But many of you are now wondering how these commitments fit with a career choice. Is it necessary to decide between remunerative work and meaningful work? If it were to be either/or, which would you choose? Is there a way to have both?○4Interpret following passage in EUniversities will need to adapt to the changing opportunities that the changing world brings. In the future, education is going to be much more of a lifelong demand. We are seeing already the end of what one might call the fuel tank model of education, where people fill themselves up with knowledge when they are young, gradually deplete their knowledge as they work through a lifetime, then retire. The opportunities to deliver knowledge to people who are thousands of miles away are greatlymagnified by the Internet. So the work of teaching—who we teach and how we teach them—will change.Hence, I am firmly convinced that if in one era the wealth and success of a society depended on how well it grew food, and if in another era, the wealth and success of a society depended on how well it produced and used steel, in the world that we are headed into , the wealth and success of a society will depend on how it produces and how it used knowledge. And I am firmly convinced there will be no more important institutions to this new world than universities. The most enduring tradition of university is that we are forever young, forever committed to renewing ourselves. That must be the work of universities around this world. Writing skills○11. Wordy Many unskilled workers without training in a particular job are unemployed and do not have any work.Concise Many unskilled workers are unemployed.2. wordy Critical-care nurses must have steady nerves to care for patients who are critically ill and very sick.Concise Critical-care nurses must have steady nerves to help patients who are very sick.3. wordy Because the circumstances surrounding the cancellation of classes were murky and unclear, the editor of the student newspaperassigned a staff reporter to investigate and file a report on the circumstances.Concise Because the circumstances leading to the cancellation of classes were unclear, the editor to the student newspaper assigned a staffer to investigate and report the story.4. wordy Some Vietnam veterans coming back to the United States after their tours of duty in Vietnam had problems in readjusting again to life in America.Concise Some Vietnam veterans had problems in readjusting to life in America.5. wordy The peace talks progressed forward.Concise The peace talks progressed.6. wordy John and his brother are competing together in the running games.Concise John and his brother are competing in the running games.7. wordy This is the place where I left him.Concise This is where I left him.8. wordy That was the time when I hit a home run.Concise That was the time I hit a home run.9.wordy The reason I want to take that class is because the professor is supposed to be very eloquent.Concise The reason I want to take that class is that the professor issupposed to be very eloquent.10. wordy Mary repeated the question again slowly so that Jim would understand.Concise Mary repeated the question slowly so that Jim would understand. ○2cross out the redundant word in each of the following sentences1. performance2. again3. identical or the same4. enough or sufficient5. back6. forward7.together8.new 9 together 10 two。