中日文化贸易现状分析

中日文化贸易现状分析

摘要

近30年来，随着全球化的不断扩张，国际文化贸易迅速发展，文化产业不断繁荣，已经不入了一个新的阶段。文化贸易逐渐成为发达国家经济领域的重要组成部分。中国对外贸易总额稳居全球第三，对外贸易顺差逐年扩大，中国已俨然成为贸易大国，然而同于许多发展中国家，中国仍面临着长年的文化贸易赤字，文化贸易逆差严重，这与其在国际贸易领域的大国地位是背道而驰的。同样地处东亚，近年来日本逐渐成为全球文化贸易的先驱国家，其文化产品在国际市场中占有着举足轻重的地位。中国与日本无论是在文化产业的政策制方面或是在文化贸易的模式架构方面都存在着差异，本文通过分析中日两国文化贸易的当发展现状，我国发展滞后的原因等方面，并提出促进我国文化贸易发展的若干建议。

本文共分为五个部分。第一部分是绪论，主要介绍选题的背景和意义及文献综述；第二部分是文化贸易的定义和分类；第三部分是中日文化贸易的发展现状，主要介绍中国和日本的对外文化贸易现状及中日之间文化贸易的不平衡性；第四部分主要是对中日文化贸易发展不平衡的原因进行分析；第五部分主要是对我国的文化贸易发展提出一些相关的建议。

关键词：文化贸易；比较分析；对策与建议；

An Analysis on the Cultural Trade between

China and Japan

Abstract

In the recent 30 years, with the expansion of globalization, international cultural trade has been booming and the world cultural industry has rapidly entered into a newly high stage. Cultural trade has gradually become a pillar part in the economy system of the developed countries. China has been one of the top three great powers in the international trade and it has run great trade surplus for several years. However, China is now facing vast cultural deficit, same as many developing countries, which doesn’t match its great power in the international market. Japan, which is also located in the East-Asia, is the pioneer country in the global cultural trade, and its culture products enjoy a leading position in the global range. The developments of their cultural industry and foreign culture situation of China and Japan’s cultural trade, the thesis made full comparison of the different trade structure and government policy between China and Japan, and work out a long-term strategy to promote the development of China’s cultural trade.

This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is introduction, main describes the research background and meaning and the literature review; the second part is culture trade of defined and classification; the third part is mainly to analysis the culture trade of development status between China and Japan; the fourth part is mainly to analysis the reason of the uneven development of the Sino-Japanese cultural trade; and the fifth part is mainly to work out some suggestions on the development of China culture trade.

Key words: culture trade; Comparative Analysis; suggestions

目录

目录 (3)

绪论

(一)研究背景和意义

当今世界，文化是经济主体参与国际贸易竞争的一种重要的无形资源，为参与国际贸易竞争主体提供了强大的竞争优势和强劲的发展动力。文化贸易作为服务贸易的重要组成部分，已经成为当今全球服务贸易竞争的重点领域之一。为尽快摆脱文化贸易竞争力弱的局面，中国有必要挖掘文化在国际贸易中的比较优势，推进具有竞争力的文化产品；充分利用商品贸易优势，构建对外文化贸易战略；发挥人力资本优势，加强对人才的培养与整合，从而使文化贸易成为具有国际竞争力的主导产业。

随着文化经济的发展，文化贸易在国际贸易格局中发挥着越来越重要的作用。文化产业是我国经济体系发展起步较晚的产业，面对来自国际上众多己发展成熟的文化产业的竞争和威胁，我国文化贸易逆差的瓶颈制约作用也日益凸显。大力发展国际文化贸易，对于改善中国对外贸易结构、改变中国对外文化贸易严重逆差等方面问题，都有着不可忽视的作用和意义。

(二)国内外研究现状

中日贸易结构方面，国内学者多依据比较优势原理（高敬峰；2004）和H-O