主谓一致的讲解最全面的主谓一致的讲解

主谓一致的讲解

一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致

1.由and 连接主语时

And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数

1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数

Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.

Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold.

小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子

Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.

2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。

The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.

那位教授兼作家正在会上发言

A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor.

一位新闻记者兼作家

His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.

他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行

The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet.

总理兼外长

比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school.

the writer and educator has visited our school.

His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe.

注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可

A boy and girl are playing tennis.

3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数

Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients.

Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加

Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.

Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake

No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里

注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多

Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie.

4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数

A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.

法规制定

The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好

War and peace is a constant theme in history

战争与和平是历史永恒的主题

注意;常被视为主体的结构

A cup and saucer 一副杯碟

A horse and cart 马车

A knife and fork 一副刀叉

A law and rule 法规

A needle and thread 一套针线

Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条

The stars and stripes 星条旗

2.由(either)…or 或neither…nor 等连接的主语时

由either…or, neither…nor, or, not only…but(also)…连接主语时，谓语动词陈述句中就近原则

Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约

Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.

Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子

Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly to me.

Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party.

3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走

Not you but I am to answer the question

I, not you, am to answer the question.

二、单一主语的主谓一致

1.名词本身自带s作主语时

1）学科名词: physics 物理mathematics/maths 数学economics 经济学politics政治学新闻; news

体操：Gymnastics

As we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.”

注意：当mathematics 表示运算时谓语动词用单数复数都可

If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确，答案就是56

The television news is at 7 o’clock in the evening every day

Gymnastics is my sister’s favourite sport

2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语means方式方法aircraft 飞机works 工厂crossroads十字路口deer 鹿sheep 羊fish 鱼

This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是

By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this city

This means of transport has been tried

All possible means have been tried

3）由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数

chopsticks筷子compasses 圆规

glasses眼镜gloves手套

Jeans牛仔裤pants裤子

scissors剪子shoes鞋子

shorts短裤socks短袜

trousers裤子

My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的

Why are your shoes so dirty?

注意;如果这些词由单位词（a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等）修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数

A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.

These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.

4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数

The united States is a developed country

The New York Times is widely read in the world.

5)以-s 结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数

The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多

The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls.

6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数