2018年上海市浦东新区高考二模英语(含听力)试题(解析版)
上海市浦东新区2018届高三下学期教学质量检测(二模) 英语试题 I. Listening Comprehension Section A —10分
Directions: In Section A. you will hear fen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. Challenges. B. Hobbies. C. Jobs. D. Experiences. 【答案】B
【解析】 【原文】M: The set of stamps are rare. It took me a long time to collect them. By the way, do you like collecting stamps? W: Yes, but I prefer something challenging. Q: What are the two speakers talking about? 2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Difficult. D. Amazing. 【答案】C
【解析】 【原文】W: How do you find your Shanghai dialect learning, Mike? M: Oh, it’s quite beyond my capacity. Q: What does the man think of learning Shanghai dialect? 3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. Watching TV and videos. B. Replacing videos with TV. C. Parents’ involvement. D. Having baby sitters. 【答案】C
【解析】 【原文】W: Sometimes when I’m busy, I let my baby watch videos. Can this help his mental development? M: Passive activity probably won’t hurt, but TV and videos are poor substitutes for parents’ involvement. Q: What is good for babies’ mental growth according to the man? 4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. A policeman. B. An accountant. C. A salesman. D. A bank teller. 【答案】D
【解析】 【原文】M: I need your ID and account number before I can cash your check. W: Sure, here’s my passport and driving license and my account number is on this card. Q: What’s the man’s occupation? 5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】 A. 7:40. B. 7:15. C. 7:20. D. 7:45. 【答案】A
【解析】 【原文】M: Take it easy. It’s only 7:30 now. There are still 15 minutes to go before the movie starts. W: Don’t you remember our clock is 10 minutes slow? Q: What’s the time now? 6.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. He will get someone to do it. B. She should do it herself. C. They don’t have to do it. D. He will clean the desk right away. 【答案】C
【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, honey, can you grab a duster and get this desk cleaned? M: Oh, don’t bother. We are leaving in a minute. Q: What does the man mean? 7.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By taxi. D. By car. 【答案】B
【解析】 【原文】W: An exhibition of Picasso’s paintings is being held. Do you want to go with me? M: How can I miss it! But with the bus drivers on strike and taxis so expensive, we have no choice but to take the subway. If only we had a car.
Q: How will they go to the exhibition? 8.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. He is not a good mechanic. B. He doesn’t keep his word. C. He spends his spare time doing repairs. D. He is always ready to offer help to others. 【答案】B
【解析】 【原文】W: Tom said he would come to repair our solar heater when he had time. M: He often says he is willing to help, but he never seems to have time. Q: What does the man imply about Tom? 9.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. She has been having a sad day. B. She needs to take a day off. C. She wants to play basketball, too. D. She has been annoyed by the noise. 【答案】D
【解析】 【原文】M: Why haven’t you done your homework yet? It’s been a whole day. W: Oh, Daddy! How can I concentrate with that noise? The boys have been playing basketball all day long, just outside my window.
Q: What does the girl mean? 10.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. The man isn’t sure about the rehearsal. B. It’s better for the woman to wear a costume. C. The woman would regret it if she wore a costume. D. It wouldn’t make any difference if the woman did it. 【答案】B
【解析】 【原文】W: Would it be OK if I wore a costume for the rehearsal tomorrow? M: Oh you would regret it if you didn’t. Q: What can we learn from the dialogue? Section B—15 分
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear q question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions are based on the following passage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
2018届上海市普陀区高三英语二模试卷和参考答案（2018.4）
2018届上海市普陀区⾼三英语⼆模试卷和参考答案（2018.4）上海市普陀区2018届⾼三⼆模英语试题考⽣注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（⾮选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上⼀律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反⾯清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 10%Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answer on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Cold B. Sunny C. Rainy D. Cloudy2. A. 110 minutes B. 120 minutes C. 130 minutes D. 140 minutes3. A. Shop assistant and customer B. Boss and assistantC. Professor and studentD. Husband and wife4. A. In a meeting room B. In a reference roomC. At a booking officeD. At a police station5. A. A movie B. A lecture C. A play D. A speech6. A. The woman shouldn’t be so upset B. He’s an hour later for the interview.C. The woman should be patientD. He’s too nervous to calm down7. A. The man is intelligent enough B. The man does not work hard enoughC. The man should get some sleepD. The man is hard-working.8. A. He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B. He wants to spend more time with his familyC. He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the jobD. He thinks the pay is too low to support his family9. A. The woman doesn’t have money for her son’s graduate studiesB The woman doesn’t think her son will get a business degreeC. The woman insists that her son should major in science.D. The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision10. A. It ran into another car B. It fell into a river and sankC. It broke down on the roadD. It left the road and landed in a fieldSection B 15%Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions o n each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording.11. A. Noise B. Smoking C. Litter D. Drinking12. A. A tour guide B. A conductor C. A teacher D. A lawyer13. A. To prepare people for international travelB. To make the laws of different kindsC. To inform people of the punishment for breaking lawsD. To give advice to travelers to the countryQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording14. A Conference with the course tutor B. Active attendance and commitmentC. Punctuality and politenessD. Debate and essay preparation15. A. Inform the teacher in advance B. Just do not choose the courseC. Drop out of the courseD. Make it up later16. A. One that is written by hand B. One that is originalC. One that is revise by the tutorD. One that keeps to the instructionsQuestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. His knees and fingers ache B. He doesn’t feel like eatingC. He can’t sleep very wellD. His blood pressure is high18. A. She asks him to have injections and a treatment with raysB. She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with raysC. She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with raysD. She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays19. A. Every day for seven weeks B. Three times a week for seven weeksC. Three times a weeks for three weeksD. Twenty times for two weeks20. A. Use hot water pads B. Sit by the stoveC. Drink cold waterD. Take cold baths.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Jim ThompsonJim Thompson’s life story is one of success, achievement, and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended.Thompson was born in Delaware(21)_____ the east coast of the United States in 1906. After finishing high school, Thompson went to Princeton University and later studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania. After graduation, Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until 1940. Not long after this, he volunteered(22)______ (serve)in the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand. It was this first taste of life in the Far East(23)______ changed Thompson’s life. He saw opportunities to develop tourism there, becoming(24)______ (involve)in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel.While the hotel plan fell through, by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire. While traveling around Thailand, he came across(25)____ he considered exquisite(精美的)samples of handwoven Thai silk, a product that(26)_____(become)rare. He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York, (27)______ it became very popular. As a consequence, the Thai silk industry was revived(复兴)and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy.With his success in the silk business, Jim Thompson continued his original interest inarchitecture on the side. He found six traditional Thai houses and had(28)_____ brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house. Today, not only is it a beautiful house inside and out, (29)______ it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected.In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia, he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day, noclues(30)____(find)as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single-handedly reviving the Thai silk industry.Section B10%Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedMentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month, the Indian Medical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delhi because of high levels of air pollution. Schools were shut and emergency traffic restrictions put in place.New Delhi is far from alone. Our research into the___31___ of air pollution in China shows that, in addition to the more obvious physical price, air pollution can also have serious negative effects on mental health and cognition (认知),___ 32___ reducing a person’s happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests.Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and human capital development, suggesting that development___33____ should go beyond the traditional focus of boosting GDP in the developing world.India's recent pollution emergency is the most___34___ incidence(发⽣率)of dangerous air pollution, but smoggy skies have been a cause of growing___35____ in most developing countries.Major cities across the developing world---from Thailand to Brazil, to Nigeria---___36____ experience pollution at several times the WHO safe limits. In fact, 98% of cities with more than 100.000___37___ in low and middle-income countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelines.India’s extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized, and examining the effects provides clear warnings for othercountries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization.We used nationally ___38___ longitudinal (纵向)surveys on mental health and cognition, matched with daily air quality data for the time and place of interviews, to see what pollution does in a given time to individual happiness and cognitive performance. Because each person in our survey was __39___multiple times, we can control for the effect of individual characteristics on the outcome variables.We found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day__40___to about 10 percent of the reduced happiness one would experience form a negative major life event such as divorce.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A15%Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Globalization: Good or Bad?Globalization is defined in many ways .One simple __41__is that it is the rapid increase in inte rnational free trade, investment, and technological exchange. It is argued that this international trade has been one of the main causes of world economic __42___over the past half century. Although there is little doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last 50 years, some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries, and that others have suffered as a result.Improved income?An argument__43___globalization is that the benefits of increased international trade are shared among everyone in the country. An example of this is China, where per capita income(⼈均收⼊)rose from about $1400 in 1980 to over $4000 by 2000.___44____per capita income rose by over 100% in India between 1980 and 1996. It would appear that countries which open their doors to world trade tend to become___45____ .However, these sorts of___46__might not be giving a true picture. They are “average”, and despite the fact that there has been a substantial increase I n income for a small minority of people, the vast majority have only seena___47___improvement.More imports, more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to be gained from an increase in international trade: exports___48___imports. Take coffee as an example. Countries which produce and export coffee import the packaging for it: a(n) ___49__ trade which enables commerce to develop in two countries at the same time.___50___ maintain that, in general, it is poorer countries that produce and export food such as coffee, and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packaging materials. Furthermore, it is the richer countries that control the price of good and, ____51___, farmers may be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goods at a high price.___52___developmentFinally, globalization often___53___ a country to concentrate on industries which are already successful. These countries develop expertise(专门技能)and increase their share in the international market. On the other hand, those countrieswhich___54___ to support all their industries usually do not develop expertise in any one. Consequently, these countries do not find a world market for their goods and do not increase their gross domestic product(GDP).Anti-globalists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the ___55___ of industry. Countries which only concentrate on one or two main industries are forced to import other goods. These imported good are frequently overpriced, and these countries, therefore, have a tendency to accumulate huge debts.41. A. indication B. principle C. definition D. factor42. A. systems B. solution C. crisis D. growth43. A. in favor of B. on account of C. with regard to D. in honour of44. A. Fortunately B. Similarly C. Undoubtedly D. Unusually45. A. freer B. greater C. stronger D. wealthier46. A. figures B. descriptions C. countries D. benefits47. A. severe B. slight C. further D. general48. A. overtake B. qualify C. fight D. require49. A. two-way B. all-inclusive C. official D. legal50. A. Supporters B. Advocates C. Critics D. Authorities51. A. otherwise B. nevertheless C. therefore D. besides52. A. Global B. Industrial C. National D. Economical53. A. encourages B. restricts C. forbids D. forces54. A. stop B. continue C. fail D. refuse55. A. globalization B. transformation C. specialization D. identificationSection B22%Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe Harlem RenaissanceThe word “renaissance” means “rebirth”. The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920s. It was a time when the African American artistic community grew and flourished, producing a ton of work in a short period of time. The work celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities---both the good parts and the bad parts. After the Civil War, many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and laws that discriminated against them. Between 1910 and 1920, massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North and West in the Great Migration. The African American population of Chicago more than doubled during that time! And in New York, African Americans flocked to uptown Manhattan, setting in a neighborhood called Harem. Forming a community within the big city let African Americans keep their cultural identity in a white-dominated society. It was a good thing, and a lot of important cultural issues were brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance. One of the most important figures of the time was the African American writer, W. E.B Du Bois. In his book, The Souls of Back Folk, in 1903, Du Bois wrote that African Americans suffered from something called “double consciousness”. They had their own self-image while they saw themselves through the eyes of white Americans. And performers like Josephine Baker and Paul Robeson brought African American culture to all New Yorkers. The Renaissance was so influential that “Harlem” grew into something of a brand name African Americans were pushing boundaries across all aspects of society. Black businesses began to flourish, creating a growing middle class, like Madame C.J. Walker, who tuned her cosmetics line into a million dollar empire. All together, the artists, and thinkers of this period helped mobilize the larger black population. Young African-Americans took advantage of improved access to higher education. This opened up new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees. Perhaps most importantly, people---black and white---began the push for racial integration, planting the seeds of what would eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s.56. Why did many African Americans leave the South after the Civil War?A. To escape slaveryB. To find jobs in agricultureC. To avoid racial discriminationD. To gain citizenship57. How did W.E.B. Du Bois contribute to the Harlem Renaissance?A. He led to movement to return to AfricaB. He composed folk music based on African American themeC. He wrote plays about the African-American experienceD. He wrote about the struggle for African-American identity58. What can you infer about the economic status of African Americans prior to the Harlem Renaissance?A. Nearly all were unemployed at that timeB. The vast majority were considered lower classC. Most were regarded as middle classD. A large percentage were recognized as wealthy59. What actor allowed many more Africa Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law?A. Spread of black businessesB. Access to higher educationC. Shift from agriculture to industryD. Push for unity among all Africans60. A traveler will enjoy a performance if he chooses ________.A. the Essential TourB. the Backstage TourC. Opera High TeaD. any of the tours61. Joining the Backstage Tour, a traveler _____.A. is allowed to wear sneakers when standing on the stageB. will have an opportunity to be the conductor of the orchestraC. can take his big family of 8 members to free breakfastD. can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour62. If a couple who travelled with their 17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of $150 there ,what would the lowest cost be if paid in cash?A. $203.25B. $214.5C. $225D. $239.25CA sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth’s his tory. For years, scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 percent of and life vanished about 250 million years ago. The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying. To date, some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth. Other specialists have doubted these theories, maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos. From the outset, critics believed these claims were exaggerated.By contrast, there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor (流星)which hit Mexico’s Yucatan peni nsula 65 million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs’ extinction. Nevertheless, until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 mill on years earlier. Now they do.American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater (⽕⼭⼝)near the northwest coast of Australia. The samples were initially collected and preserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil. Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in th e rock’s structure show a typical pattern for meteors. There is a clear distinction from volcanic patterns. In fact, a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era. Academics say that the meteor’s crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain on Earth! Literally, the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea. The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation. Things must have come to a standstill. Evidently, the blow was fatal for many forms of life.Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth’s history. Still, we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause. Fortunately, meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between.63. The word “plausible” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to“______”.A. availableB. incredibleC. reasonableD. ridiculous64. Why didn’t the meteor affect human bei ngs?A. Because they were very resistantB. Because there weren’t any thenC. Because they lived in isolated areasD. Because they hid themselves in the caves65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great DyingB. 75 percent of land life continued 250 million years agoC. V olcanic rocks and meteors have different patternsD. When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up.66. What is the best title for the passageA. The Dinosaurs’ EndB. Crater on QomolangmaC. Contradictory ClaimsD. A Meteor’s ImpactSection C8%Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook. I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. ____67______ Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.___68_____If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. _____69_____ Blessed is the person willing to at on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them.____70_____The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”IV. Summary Writing 10%Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Better Memory Causes BoredomA new study shows that the better your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough. The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box. “Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things at very different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs.” The difference, the researchers supposed, might have to do with memories of past consumption.The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored.“We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly. So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.”The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it---it might help them have more fun.V. Translation 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.⽐起节⾷，我宁愿多做运动来减肥。
2018年上海市普陀区高考英语二模试卷
2018年上海市普陀区高考英语二模试卷I. Listening Comprehension1．(★)A． Cold B． Sunny C． Rainy D． Cloudy2．(★)A． 110 minutes B． 120 minutes C． 130 minutes D． 140 minutes3．(★)A． Shop assistant and customerB． Boss and assistantC． Professor and studentD． Husband and wife4．(★)A． In a meeting roomB． In a reference roomC． At a booking officeD． At a police station5．(★)A． A movie B． A lecture C． A play D． A speech6．(★★★)A． The woman shouldn't be so upsetB． He's an hour later for the interview．C． The woman should be patientD． He's too nervous to calm down7．(★★)A． The man is intelligent enoughB． The man does not work hard enoughC． The man should get some sleepD． The man is hard-working8．(★★★)A． He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used toB． He wants to spend more time with his familyC． He doesn't think he is capable of doing the jobD． He thinks the pay is too low to support his family9．(★★★)A． The woman doesn't have money for her son's graduate studies B． The woman doesn't think her son will get a business degreeC． The woman insists that her son should major in scienceD． The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision10．(★★)A． It ran into another carB． It fell into a river and sankC． It broke down on the roadD． It left the road and landed in a field11．(★★★)（1）A． Noise B． Smoking C． LitterD． Drinking（2）A． A tour guide B． A conductor C． A teacher D． A lawyer（3）A． To prepare people for international travelB． To make the laws of different kindsC． To inform people of the punishment for breaking lawsD． To give advice to travelers to the country12．(★★★)（1）A Conference with the course tutorB． Active attendance and commitmentC． Punctuality and politenessD． Debate and essay preparation（2）A． Inform the teacher in advanceB． Just do not choose the courseC． Drop out of the courseD． Make it up later（3）A． One that is written by handB． One that is originalC． One that is revise by the tutorD． One that keeps to the instructions13．(★★★)（1）A． His knees and fingers acheB． He doesn't feel like eatingC． He can't sleep very wellD． His blood pressure is high（2）A． She asks him to have injections and a treatment with raysB． She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with raysC． She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with raysD． She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays（3）A． Every day for seven weeksB． Three times a week for seven weeksC． Three times a weeks for three weeksD． Twenty times for two weeks（4）A． Use hot water padsB． Sit by the stoveC． Drink cold waterD． Take cold bathsSection A 10% Directions： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word： for the otherblanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14．(★★)Jim ThompsonJim Thompson's life story is one of success， achievement， and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended．Thompson was born in Delaware（1） the east coast of the United States in 1906． After finishing high school， Thompson went to Princeton University andlater studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania． After graduation，Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until 1940． Not long after this， he volunteered（2）（serve）in the U．S． Army． During World War II， Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand． It was this first taste of life in the Far East（3） changed Thompson's life． He saw opportunities to develop tourism there， becoming（4）（involve）in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel．While the hotel plan fell through， by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire． While traveling around Thailand， he came across（5） he considered exquisite（精美的）samples of handwoven Thai silk， a product that（6）（become）rare． He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York，（7） it became very popular． As a consequence， the Thai silk industry was revived（复兴）and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy．With his success in the silk business， Jim Thompson continued his originalinterest in architecture on the side． He found six traditional Thai houses and had （8） brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house． Today， not only is it a beautiful house inside and out，（9） it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected．In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia， he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever． To this day， no clues（10）（find）as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single-handedly reviving the Thai silk industry．Section B10% Directions： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．(★★)Mentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month， the Indian Medical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delhi because of high levels of air pollution． Schools were shut and emergencytraffic restrictions put in place．New Delhi is far from alone． Our research into the（1） of air pollutionin China shows that， in addition to the more obvious physical price， airpollution can also have serious negative effects on mental health and cognition （认知），（2） reducing a person's happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests．Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and human capital development， suggesting that development（3） should go beyond the traditional focus of boosting GDP in the developing world．India's recent pollution emergency is the most（4） incidence（发生率）of dangerous air pollution， but smoggy skies have been a cause of growing（5）in most developing countries．Major cities across the developing world---from Thailand to Brazil， to Nigeria---（6） experience pollution at several times the WHO safe limits． In fact，98% of cities with more than 100.000（7） in low and middle-income countries fail to meet the WHO's air quality guidelines．India's extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized， and examining the effects provides clear warnings for other countries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization．We used nationally （8） longitudinal （纵向）surveys on mental health and cognition， matched with daily air quality data for the time and place of interviews， to see what pollution does in a given time to individual happiness and cognitive performance． Because each person in our survey was （9） multiple times， we can control for the effect of individual characteristics on the outcome variables．We found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day（10）to about 10percent of the reduced happiness one would experience form a negative major life event such as divorce．III. Reading Comprehension Section A 15% Directions： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．(★★★)Globalization： Good or Bad？Globalization is defined in many ways．One simple （1） is that it is the rapid increase in international free trade， investment， and technological exchange． It is argued that this international trade has been one of the main causes of world economic （2） over the past half century． Although thereis little doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last 50 years， some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries，and that others have suffered as a result．Improved income？An argument（3） globalization is that the benefits of increasedinternational trade are shared among everyone in the country． An example of thisis China， where per capita income（人均收入）rose from about﹩1400 in1980 to over﹩4000 by 2000．（4） per capita income rose by over 100% in India between 1980 and 1996． It would appear that countries which open their doors to worldtrade tend to become（5）．However， these sorts of（6） might not be giving a true picture． They are "average"， and despite the fact that there has been a substantial increase I n income for a small minority of people， the vast majority have only seen a（7）improvement．More imports， more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to begained from an increase in international trade： exports（8） imports． Take coffee as an example． Countries which produce and export coffee import the packaging for it： a（n）（9） trade which enables commerce to develop in two countries at the same time．（10） maintain that， in general， it is poorer countries that produce and export food such as coffee， and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packaging materials． Furthermore， it is the richer countries that control the price of good and，（11）， farmers may be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goods at a high price．（12） developmentFinally， globalization often（13） a country to concentrate on industries which are already successful． These countries develop expertise（专门技能）and increase their share in the international market． On the other hand， those countries which（14） to support all their industries usually do notdevelop expertise in any one． Consequently， these countries do not find a world market for their goods and do not increase their gross domestic product（GDP）．Anti-globalists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the （15）of industry． Countries which only concentrate on one or two main industries are forced to import other goods． These imported good are frequently overpriced， and these countries， therefore， have a tendency to accumulate huge debts．（1）A． indication B． principle C． definition D． factor（2）A． systems B． solution C． crisis D． growth（3）A． in favor of B． on account of C． with regard to D． in honour of（4）A． Fortunately B． Similarly C． Undoubtedly D． Unusually（5）A． freer B． greater C． stronger D． wealthier（6）A． figures B． descriptions C． countries D． benefits（7）A． severe B． slight C． further D． general（8）A． overtake B． qualify C． fight D． require（9）A． two-way B． all-inclusive C． official D． legal（10）A． Supporters B． Advocates C． Critics D． Authorities（11）A． otherwise B． nevertheless C． therefore D． besides（12）A． Global B． Industrial C． National D． Economical（13）A． encourages B． restricts C． forbids D． forces（14）A． stop B． continue C． fail D． refuse（15）A． globalization B． transformation C． specialization D． identificationSection B 22% Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．(★★★)The Harlem RenaissanceThe word "renaissance" means "rebirth"． The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920s． It was a time when the African American artistic community grew and flourished， producing a ton of work in a short period of time． The work celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities---both the good parts and the bad parts．After the Civil War， many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and laws that discriminated against them． Between 1910 and 1920，massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North and West in the Great Migration． The African American population of Chicago more than doubled during that time! And in New York， African Americans flocked to uptown Manhattan， setting in a neighborhood called Harem． Forming a community within the big city let African Americans keep their cultural identity in a white-dominated society． It was a good thing， and a lot of important cultural issues were brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance． One of the most important figures of the time was the African American writer， W． E．B Du Bois． In his book， The Souls of Back Folk， in 1903， Du Bois wrote that African Americans suffered from something called "double consciousness"． They had their own self-image while they saw themselves through the eyes of white Americans． And performers like Josephine Baker and Paul Robeson brought African American culture to all New Yorkers． The Renaissance was so influential that "Harlem" grew into something of a brand nameAfrican Americans were pushing boundaries across all aspects of society． Black businesses began to flourish， creating a growing middle class， like MadameC．J． Walker， who tuned her cosmetics line into a million dollar empire． All together， the artists， and thinkers of this period helped mobilize the larger black population． Young African-Americans took advantage of improved access to higher education． This opened up new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees． Perhaps most importantly， people---black and white---began the push for racial integration， planting the seeds of what would eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s．（1）Why did many African Americans leave the South after the Civil War？A． To escape slaveryB． To find jobs in agricultureC． To avoid racial discriminationD． To gain citizenship（2）How did W．E．B． Du Bois contribute to the Harlem Renaissance？A． He led to movement to return to AfricaB． He composed folk music based on African American themeC． He wrote plays about the African-American experienceD． He wrote about the struggle for African-American identity（3）What can you infer about the economic status of African Americans prior to the Harlem Renaissance？A． Nearly all were unemployed at that timeB． The vast majority were considered lower classC． Most were regarded as middle classD． A large percentage were recognized as wealthy（4）What actor allowed many more Africa Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law？A． Spread of black businessesB． Access to higher educationC． Shift from agriculture to industryD． Push for unity among all Africans18．(★★) （1）A traveler will enjoy a performance if he chooses ．A． the Essential TourB． the Backstage TourC． Opera High TeaD． any of the tours（2）Joining the Backstage Tour， a traveler ．A． is allowed to wear sneakers when standing on the stageB． will have an opportunity to be the conductor of the orchestraC． can take his big family of 8members to free breakfastD． can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour（3）If a couple who travelled with their 17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of $150 there ，what would the lowest cost be if paid in cash？A． 203.25USDB． 214.5USDC． 225 USDD． 239.25USD19．(★★)A sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth's history． For years，scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 percent of and life vanished about 250 million years ago． The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying． To date， some authoritieson ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth． Other specialists have doubted these theories， maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos． From the outset， critics believed these claims were exaggerated．By contrast， there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor （流星）which hit Mexico's Yucatan peninsula 65 million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs' extinction． Nevertheless， until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 mill on years earlier． Now they do．American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater （火山口）near the northwest coast of Australia． The samples were initially collectedand preserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil． Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in the rock's structure show a typical pattern for meteors． There is a clear distinction from volcanic patterns． In fact，a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era． Academics say that the meteor's crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma， the highest mountain on Earth! Literally， the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea． The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation． Things must have come to a standstill． Evidently， the blow was fatal for many forms of life．Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth's history． Still， we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause． Fortunately， meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between．（1）The word "plausible" （paragraph 1）is closest in meaning to " "．A． available B． incredible C． reasonable D． ridiculous（2）Why didn't the meteor affect human beings？A． Because they were very resistantB． Because there weren't any thenC． Because they lived in isolated areasD． Because they hid themselves in the caves（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？A． Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great DyingB． 75 percent of land life continued 250 million years agoC． Volcanic rocks and meteors have different patternsD． When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up．（4）What is the best title for the passageA． The Dinosaurs' EndB． Crater on QomolangmaC． Contradictory ClaimsD． A Meteor's ImpactSection C 8% Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note thatthere are two more sentences than you need.20．(★★) Blind imitation is self-destruction． To those who do not recognize their unique worth， imitation appears attractive； to those who know their strength， imitation is unacceptable．In the early stages of skill or character development imitation is helpful． When I first learned to cook． I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes． But soon I grew bored．（1）Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child's bicycle； they help you get going， but once you find your own balance， you fly faster andfarther without relying on them．（2） If， as a child， you observed people whose lives were bad， you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what theydid． If you do not make strong choices for yourself， you will get the results of the weak choices of others．In the field of entertainment， our culture glorifies celebrities． Those stars look great on screen． But when they step off screen， their personal lives may be disastrous．（3）Blessed is the person willing to at on their sudden desire to create something unique． Think of the movies， books， teachers， and friends that have affected you most deeply． They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration， not desperation． The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them， but by those who do what has been done inside them．（4）The problem a creator faces is not running out of material； it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination．Study your role models， accept the gifts they have given， and leave behind what does not serve you． Then you can say， "I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors' tragedies and declare victory， and know that they are cheering me on．"V. Summary Writing 10%21．(★★★★★)Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．Better Memory Causes BoredomA new study shows that the better your short-term memory， the faster you feel fedup and decide you've had enough． The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research．Noelle Nelson， assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business． She and her colleague Joseph Redden atthe University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box． "Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things at very different rates． When you think about pop songs on the radio， some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot． But a lot ofother people are really sick of those same songs．" The difference， theresearchers supposed， might have to do with memories of past consumption．The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates． The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings like The Starry Night，American Gothic， and The Scream or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs or three pieces of classical music． Throughout the test， theparticipants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten． Andthe better a participant scored in the memory test， the faster they got bored．"We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art，which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly． So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they'd experienced the musicor art more often．" The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences． We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack． As for kids easily bored，just tell them to forget about it---it might help them have more fun．Translation 15% Directions： Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．(★★★★★)比起节食，我宁愿多做运动来减肥．（prefer）23．(★★★)缺乏合作意识是他上月竞选失败的原因．（lack）24．(★★★)如果实验过程中有问题出现，请及时与实验室管理员沟通．（arise）25．(★★★★)春节期间的所见所闻让我们深刻地感受到：千千万万普通人最伟大，幸福都是奋斗出来的．（happiness）Guided Writing 25%26．(★★)Directions： Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．母亲节快到了，班里准备在这天召开主题为"感谢母亲"的班会．请你就以下这份调查结果统计表撰写演讲稿，在演讲稿中，你必须：1．描述表格中的信息；2．分析可能导致这一结果的原因；3．表达你的想法．。
2018届长宁区高考英语二模试卷和参考答案(不含听力)
2018年长宁区高考英语二模试题II. Grammar and VocabularySection AA Great FriendshipThomas Jefferson and James Madison met in 1776. Could it have been any other year? TheyJefferson wrote to his longtime friend. His words and Madison's reply remind us that friends are friends until death. They also remind us that sometimes a friendship has a bearing on things larger than the friendship itself, for has there ever been a friendship of greater public consequence than this one?po1itical principles and pursuits have been sources of constant happiness to me through that longvindicating to posterity the course that we've pursued for preserving to them, in all their purity, their blessings of self-government, which we had assisted in acquiring for them. If ever the earthgeneral interest and happiness of those committed to it, one which, protected by truth, can neverpillar of support throughout life. Take care of me when dead and be assured that I should leave with you my last affections."harmony with more affecting recollections than I do. 29 they are a source of pleasure to you, what aren’t they not to be to me? We cannot be deprived of the happy consciousness of the pure devotion to the public good with Which we discharge the trust committed to us and I indulgeafter we are gone, whatever of justice may be withheld whilst we are here. "He is kindlyThe other evening at a dancing club a young man introduced me to Mr. and Mrs. F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Scott seemed to have changed a lot from the first time I met him at Princeton, when he was an eager undergraduate trying his best to __31__ himself into a great author. He is still trying hard to be a great author. He is at work now on a novel which his wife __32__ me is far better than This Side of Paradise, but like most of our younger novelists he finds it __33__ toproduce a certain number of short stories to make the wheels go around. That The V egetable, his play, did not receive a Manhattan presentation seems to have disappointed rather than discouraged him. He is still __34__ light-hearted.I have always considered him the most brilliant of our younger novelists. Not one of them can tough his style, nor the superb quality of his satire(讽刺). He has yet to put them in a novel with carefulness of conception and __35__ of character. He can become almost any kind of writer that his peculiarly restless character will __36__.Born in St. Paul, he attended Princeton, served in the Army, wrote his first novel in a training camp, achieved fame and fortune, married a Southern girl, has a child and lives in New York. At heart, he is one of the kindliest of the younger writers. Artistry means a great deal to F. Scott Fizgerald, and into his own best work he __37__ great efforts. He demands this in the work of others, and when he does not find it he criticizes with passionate earnestness. I have known him, after reading a young fellow-novelist’s book, to take what must have been hours of time to write him a lengthy, careful __38__.Just what he will write in the future remains __39__. With a firmer reputation than that of the other young people, he yet seems to me to have achieved rather less than Robert Nathan and rather more than Stephen Vincent Benet, Cyril Hume. His coming novel should mean a definite prediction for future work. It is to be hoped that from it will be __40__ the seemingly unavoidable modern girls.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AStandards for Schools: Developing Organizational Accountability(绩效) Quality teaching depends on not just teacher’s knowledge and skills but on the environment in which they work. Schools need to offer a coherent curriculum focused on higher-order thinking and performance across subject areas and grades, time for teachers to work __41__ with students to accomplish challenging goals, opportunities for teachers to plan with and learn from one another, and regular occasions to evaluate the outcomes of their __42__.If schools are to become more responsible, they must, like other professional organizations, make evaluation and assessment part of their everyday lives. Just as hospitals have standing committees of staff that meet regularly to look at evaluation data and discuss the __43__ of each aspect of their work – a practice reinforced by their accreditation(评定) requirements, - schools must have regular occasions to examine their practice and effectiveness.As Richard Rothstein and colleagues describe in Grading Education: Getting Accountability Right, school-level accountability can be supported by school __44__, like those common in many other nations, in which trained experts evaluate schools by spending several days visiting classrooms, __45__ samples of student work, and interviewing students about their understanding and their experiences, __46__ looking at objective data such as test scores, graduation rates, and so on. In some cases, principals accompany the inspectors into classrooms and are asked for their own evaluations of the lessons. In this way, the inspectors are able to make __47__ about the instructional and supervisory competence(能力) for principals. As described earlier, inspectors may also play a role in ensuring the __48__ and comparability of school-based assessments (as in England and A ustralia), as well as school’s internal assessment and evaluation process (as in HongKong).In most countries’ inspection systems, schools are rated on the quality of instruction and other services and supports, as well as students’ __49__ and progress o n a wide range of aspects, including and going beyond academic subject areas, such as extra-curricular, personal and social __50__, the acquisition of workplace skills and the __51__ to which students are encouraged to adopt safe practices and a __52__ lifestyle. Schools are rated as to whether they pass inspection, need modest improvements, or require serious intervention(介入), and they receive extensive feedback on what the inspectors both saw and __53__. Reports are publicly posted. Schools requiring intervention are then given more expert __54__ and support, and are placed on a more frequent schedule of visits. Those that persistently fail to pass may be placed under local government control and could be __55__ if they are not improved.41. A. occasionally B. closely C. strictly D. peacefully42. A. challenges B. competence C. curriculum D. practices43. A. effectiveness B. faults C. progress D. requirements44. A. instruction B. protection C. inspection D. consideration45. A. taking B. improving C. examining D. copying46. A. as far as B. rather than C. other than D. as well as47. A. judgments B. decisions C. inquiries D. suggestions48. A. quantity B. quality C. instruction D. support49. A. education B. performance C. attention D. interest50. A. responsibility B. structure C. resources D. benefits51. A. frequency B. consistence C. satisfaction D. extent52. A. comparable B. healthy C. different D. unique53. A. appreciated B. criticized C. recommended D. rewarded54. A. attention B. programs C. evaluation D. explanations55. A. set down B. put down C. closed down D. pulled downSection B(A)NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWSWarning from ExpertsA growing amount of human-made orbital debris (太空轨道残骸)一from rocket stages and out-of-date satellite ---is circling the Earth. Scientists say the orbital debris, better known as space junk, poses an increasing threat to space activities. “ This is a growing environmental problem,” said Nicholas Jonson, the chief scientist and program manager for orbital debris at NASA(美国航空航天局) in Houston, Texas.Johnson and his team have developed a computer model capable of simulating past and future amounts of space junk. The model predicts that even without future rocket or satellitelaunches, the amount of debris in low orbit around Earth will remain steady through 2055, after which it will increase. While current efforts have focused o limiting future space junk, these scientists say removing large pieces of old space junk will soon be necessary.Since the first launch of satellite in 1957, humans have been generating space junk. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network is currently tracking over 13,000 human-made objects larger than ten centimeters in diameter orbiting t he Earth. “Of the 13 000 objects, over 40 percent came from breakups of both spacecraft and rocket bodies,” Johnson sand. In addition, there are hundreds of thousands of smaller objects in space. These include everything from pieces of plastic to bits of paint. Much of this smaller junk has come from exploding rocket stages. Stages are sections of a rocket that have their own fuel or engines.These objects travel at speeds over 35, 000 kilometers an hour. At such high speed, even small junk can tear holes in a spacecraft or disable a satellite by causing electrical shorts that result from clouds of superheated gas.Johnson believes it may be time to think about how to remove junk from space. Previous proposals range from sending up spacecrafts to grab junk and bring it down to using lasers to slow an object's orbit to cause it to fall back to Earth more quickly. Given current technology, those proposals appear neither technically nor economically practical, “Space junk is like any environmental problem. “Johnson admits. “It’s growing. If you don’t deal with it now, it will only become worse, and the solutions in the future are going to be even more costly.”56. What is this passage mainly talking about?A. Advanced technology is used to remove spaces junkB. NASA is responsible for the environmental problem.C. Cleaning up the space junk is greatly neededD. Human activities generate much orbital debris57. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?A. Rocket launches produce more debris than satellite launches Space Tech CultureB. Space junk is endangering human beings' space activitiesC. It's necessary to clean up the large pieces of old space junkD. Even a tiny piece of space junk can destroy a spacecraft58. What does John think of the previous proposals to grab space junk and bring it down to the earth?A. ReasonableB. UnbelievableC. ReliableD. Impractical(B)Eye Scan Technology Comes to SchoolsABC News: Parents who want to pick up their kids at school in one New Jersey district now can submit to iris(虹膜) scans, as the technology that helps keep our nation’s airports and hotels safe begins to make its way further into American lives.this high-tech security system on Monday with funding fromthe Department of Justice as part of a study on the system’seffectiveness.As many as four adults can be authorized to pickup each child in the district, but in order to be authorized tocome into school, they will be asked to register with the district’s iris recognition security and visitor management system. At this point, the New Jersey program is not a must.If someone tries to slip in behind an authorized person, the system causes an alarm and red flashing lights in the front office. The entire process takes just seconds.This kind of technology is already at work in airports around the country like Orlando International Airport, where the program has been in operation since July. It has 12,000 subscribers who pay $79.95 for the convenience of submitting to iris scans rather than going through lengthy security checks.An iris scan is said to be more accurate than a fingerprint because it records 240 unique details—far more than the seven to twenty-four details that are analyzed in fingerprints. The chances of being misidentified by an iris scan are about one in 1.2 million and just one in 1.44 trillion if you scan both eyes.Phil Meara, the Freehold District official, said that although it was expensive, the program would help schools across the country move into a new frontier in child protection. “This is all part of a larger emphasis, here in New Jersey, on school safety,” he said. “We chose this school because we were looking for a typical slightly urban sch ool to launch the system.”Meara applied for a $369,000 grant on behalf of the school district and had the eye scanners installed in two grammar schools and one middle school. So far, 300 of the nearly 1,500 individuals available to pick up a student from school have registered for the eye scan system.59. Why does the Freehold Borough School District adopt the eye scan security system?A. To ensure the school safety and efficiency of picking up children.B. To encourage more students to register in New Jersey urban schools.C. To test the effectiveness of school security and management system.D. To collect the information of the children and their beloved parents.60. What’s the advantage of the eye scan system over fingerprints?A. Having many more subscribers throughout the country.B. Authorizing the adults to pick up children more flexibly.C. Attracting parents in a larger proportion to register for it.D. Making almost no mistakes in identifying the authorized.61. How does Phil Meara help to protect the safety of children?A. By asking people to register with the security system.B. By applying for grant to install eye scanners in schools.C. By asking the department of justice to fund this program.D. By turning to Orlando International Airport for help.62. What is the best title of this passage?A. Parents Favor the Eye Scan SystemB. Security Management Needs Improving.C. High Technology Comes to SchoolD. Iris Scanners are Invented in the Country.(C)Dusty Nash, an angelic-looking blond child of seven, awoke at 5 one recent morning in his Chicago home and began to throw a fit. He cried and kicked. Every muscle in his 50-1b. body flew in violent motion. Finally, after about 30 minutes, Dusty Pulled himself together sufficiently to head downstairs for breakfast. While his mother was busy in the kitchen, the extremely excited child pulled a box of Kix cereal from the cupboard and sat on a chair.But sitting still was not easy this morning. After grabbing some cereal with his hands, he began kicking the box, scattering little round com puffs across the room Next he turned his attention to the TV set, or rather, the table supporting it. The table was covered with a check-board Con-Tact paper, and Dusty began peeling it off. Then he became interested in the spilled cereal and started smashing it into bits.It was only 7:30, and his mother Kyle Nash, who teaches a medical-school course on death and dying, was already feeling half dead from exhaustion. Dusty was to see his doctors that day at 4, and they had asked her not to give the boy the drug he usually takes to control his extreme excitement and attention problems, a condition known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It was going to be a very long day without help from Ritain, a powerful drug which some people take for pleasure, but which they can become addicted to.Karenne Bloomgarden remembers such days all too well The spirited, 43-year-old boss and gym teacher was a disaster as a child growing up in New Jersey. I did very poorly in school \wereconstantly on her case for tough behavior. \They just felt I was being bad---too loud, too physical, too everything \diagnosis\The athletic Bloomgarden managed to get into college, but she admits that she cheated her way to a diploma \she did fine in physically active jobs but was anxious about administrative work. Then, four yeas ago, a doctor put a label on her troubles: ADHD. “It's been such a weigh off my shoulders\says Bloomgarden, who takes both stimulant Ritalin and the antidepressant Zoloft to improve her concentration. “I had 38 years of thinking I was a bad person. Now I'm rewriting the tapes of who I thought I was to who I really am.”63. What does the phrase “throw a fit” in the 1st paragraph probably mean?A. turn oneself around casuallyB. fall down to the ground carelesslyC. lose one's temper suddenlyD. shout and complain loudly64. Why did Dusty Nash mess the room?A. He was reluctant to listen to his motherB. He couldn’t focus on anything f or a whileC. He forgot to take the medicine he usually tookD. He was afraid to see the doctor with his mother.65. The passage is chiefly concerned with _______________A. the visible symptoms of the disease ADHDB. the precise definition of the disease ADHDC. Dusty's experiences in his childhood and collegeD. Karenne's confessing of cheating to get a diploma66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Dusty went to see his private doctor every week in the past years.B. Dusty's mother took care of him till he was admitted to a collegeC. A psychologist examined Karenne and cured her serious disease.D. Karenne didn't know herself well until she was diagnosed with ADHDThe Minoans: A Forgotten PeopleThe first advanced culture in ancient Greece was the Minoan culture. For thousands of years,knowledge of these people survived only in Greek myths. In the late 19th century, archaeologists began to unearth ruins. This inspired Arthur Evans to begin digging on the island of Crete near mainland Greece. On a dig in Kbossos, Evans found an ancient palace. Experts think that it was the palace of King Minos, a central figure in many Greek myths.____67____ With his team, he uncovered a vast structure, varied works of art, and many hieroglyphic records, These finds, together with later finds, comprise all that experts know about Minoan culture.From the evidence experts gathered, it is clear that the Minoans were ahead of their time. The palace at Knossos was five floors high with hundreds of rooms. Buildings throughout the ancient city had plumbing and flush toilets. Stone pavement lined the surfaces of the roads. In addition, the Minoans possessed a highly developed naval fleet for long-distance trade. ____68_____ These records confirm the central role of commerce in culture.Expert analysis of the evidence also offers insight into some aspects of Minoan society. ____69____ Ruins and artwork suggest that people of all classes enjoyed a high degree of social and gender equality. Religious icons show that Minoans worshiped bulls, the natural world, and many female gods.An unusual feature of Minoans culture was the pursuit of leisure interests. Sport and visual arts were central to Minoan life. Boxing and bull jumping, a sport in which players jumped over live bulls, were popular. Although bull jumping may have served some ritual purpose, experts believe that it was done mostly for fun. Similarly, although some works of art showed political and religious themes, other works served only as pleasant décor(装饰品). ____70_____ The Minoans met their demise after a series of natural disasters. Experts believe that group from the Greek mainland capitalized on these events and looked over the island.IV. Summary WritingThe Conflict of the OrdersThe types of people who served as officials in the Roman government changed over time. These changes stemmed from the attempts of common people to more rights. The struggles became known as the Conflict of the Orders.In the early republic, Romans were divided into two classes of people: patricians and plebeians. Patricians were powerful landowners who controlled the government. As nobles, they inherited their power. Plebeians, who made up most of the population, were mainly farmers and workers. For many years, plebeians had few rights. They could vote, but they were barred from holding most public offices. Plebeians could not even know Roman laws because laws were not written down. In court, a judge stated and applied the law, but only patricians served as judges.Over time, plebeians increased their power through demand and strikes. They gained the right to join the army, hold government office, form their own assembly, and elect leaders. In one of their greatest victories, they forced the government to write down the laws of the Roman Republic. In about 450, B.C. the Romans engraved their laws on tablets called the Twelve Tables. The laws were placed in the Forum, the chief public square, for all to view.The first plebeians were appointed to the government in the late 400s B.C. After 342 B.C., a plebeian always held one of the consul positions. By about 300 B.C. many plebeians had become so powerful and wealthy themselves that they joined with patricians to form the Roman nobility.From that time on, the distinction between patricians and plebeians was not a important. Membership in the nobility was still very important, however, since government officials were not paid a salary, only wealthy nobles could afford to hold office. Thus, the nobles still controlled the republic.V. Translation72. 我们必须尽快适应新环境。
2019届浦东新区高考英语二模(完整版)
浦东新区2018学年第二学期期中教学质量检测高三英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
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I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In the boat. B. At the gallery. C. At the gas station. D. In the countryside.2. A. 15 minutes. B. 45 minutes. C. 50 minutes. D. 60 minutes.3. A. Director and actress. B. Boss and secretary.C. Professor and student.D. Waiter and guest.4. A. Annoyed. B. Confused. C. Surprised. D. Worried.5. A. Changing the topic of the paper. B. Giving the paper to his tutor.C. Asking Mrs. Black for advice.D. Choosing biology as the subject.6. A. Reduce pressure and relax herself. B. Solve the serious problems at once.C. Lift spirits by forgetting bad things.D. Find the right address of the hospital.7. A. John's ideas are different from hers.B. John's speech has something to be desired.C. John has a talent for delivering public speeches.D. John is brave enough to express his viewpoints.8. A. Ask the man to borrow a printer.B. Buy a new printer with less noise.C. Read a book on how to fix the printer.D. Get a repairman to check the printer.9. A. Top concern should be given to safety.B. Bicycles are popular with consumers.C. Bicycles are not always extremely cheap.D. The price can not decide the quality of bicycles.10. A. Because she has got a membership card.B. Because she has already got a big discount.C. Because she wants to buy books at a low price.D. Because she works as an accountant at the store.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.II. A. Fable books. B. Fairy tales. C. Magic handbooks. D. Science fictions.12. A. Speeding up if necessary. B. Practising precisely and slowly.C. Playing the piano patiently.D. Playing tricks without being noticed.13. A. Live and learn. B. Curiosity killed the cat.C. Seeing is believing.D. Practice makes perfect.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It connects a chip to collect different color frequency.B. It changes the color frequency and becomes a part of the body.C. It receives the color frequency and sends the frequency to a chip.D. It detects the colors and gives feedback to the brain through a chip.15. A. Because color frequency was detected.B. Because an electronic device was installed.C. Because the project was secretly carried out.D. Because his official image was accidentally seen.16. A. Adam alone invented the electronic device.B. The device has improved the speaker's eyesight.C. The speaker can enjoy a Picasso without the electronic eye.D. The electronic eye helps those suffering from color blindness.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He got his shirt dirty accidentally. B. He was injured because of the airflow.C. He was interrupted by his neighbor.D. He was rudely treated by the airhostess.18. A. It is worse than before. B. It has improved just a little recently.C. It is well worth the price.D. It lives up to passengers' expectations.19. A. Because the flight was overbooked.B. Because he forgot to book the flight ticket.C. Because he went to the wrong check-in counter.D. Because the flight was delayed due to the bad weather.20. A. Tempting. B. Frightening. C. Frustrating. D. Exciting.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections : After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Meet Alexa, Your Digital RoommateWho is Alexa? She is a digital assistant that is part of the voice-activated Echo Dot “smart speaker” produced by Amazon. This year Saint Louis University in Missouri has placed one of the speakers in every dorm room (21) _______ its campus. Students can ask the virtual assistant anything from “When are the football teams playing?” to “What’s the square root of 1440?”SLU student Brendan McGuire said: “Instead of searching on the Internet while I (22) _______ (tap) away at my computer, I can just ask Alexa: Hey Alexa, ask SLU what’s the molecular （分子的）weight of water? And I can have the answer without (23) _______(interrupt) my process.” That’s exactly (24) _______ school officials had in mind when they decided to provide the smart speakers free of charge for students.“The students we attract (25) _______ (drive) to achieve success in and out of the classroom,” David Hakanson, SLU’s vice president, said. “Every minute we can save our students from having to search for the information online is another minute (26) _______ (commit) to their education.’At Arizona State University, engineering students living in the brand-new residence hall have the option of adding an Amazon Echo Dot to their rooms. “Our focus is putting this technology into the hands of our students in a way (29) _______ will build an ecosystem. (30) _______ supports voice technologies thr oughout the ASU campus,” said Heredia, a director at ASU.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used onlyWhen asked what guides his vision of UNIQLO, Tadashi Yanai, its founder and chief executive, pulls off the shelf the 1987 autumn/winter collection catalogue of Next, a mass-market British retailer. All of the clothes are so ___31___, he says, that they could be worn today. While Zara of Spain and H&M of Sweden follow fashion trends without having any original thought, UNIQLO of Japan ___32___ to timeless basics.Mr. Yanai has a/an ___33___ base at home from which to develop into his Western competitors’ main markets of Europe and America. But instead his ___34___ remains Asia. “Asi a is the engine of growth today,” he says, pointing to the millions of consumers across the ___35___ who are reaching the middle class. UNIQLO will open its first shop in India this year and is considering ___36___ into Vietnam and other countries (it has already opened networks of shops in Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand).The success or not of UNIPLO’s overseas operations ___37___ greatly to investors at home. Fast Retailing’s shares --- Mr. Yanai owns just over 20% of the firm --- have been rising since 2015, Analysts estimate, largely owing to its international expansion and improved logistics （物流）. At home the firm is closing stores because the population is ___38___. Last year UNIQLO’s international profits overtook its ___39___ sales for the first time and its foreign operation profitsalmost equaled its Japanese equivalent.Though they are very different markets, Europe and America offer a cautionary tale. UNIQLO in America struggled outside the big cities of the east and west coasts. Growth in America remains ___40___ for UNIQLO both there and in Europe. However, Mr. Yanai, an enthusiastic fan of globalization, is confident that he can guide UNIQLO through the changes needed.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you are a perfectionist, you are probably familiar with the feeling of wanting to get everything just right. You may struggle with handing in papers, agonize（苦苦思索）over projects at work, and even worry about small errors from the past. High ___41___ are one thing, but perfectionism is quite another. And as some researchers have discovered, ___42___ perfection can have serious consequences to mental and physical well-being.Since perfectionism is ___43___ with negative outcomes, what can someone with perfectionist tendencies do to change their behavior? Although people are sometimes ___44___ to giv e up their perfectionist tendencies, psychologists point out that giving up on perfection doesn’t mean being unsuccessful. ___45___, mistakes are an important part of learning and growing. ___46___, imperfection can actually help us in the long run.One possible ___47___ to perfectionism involves developing what psychologists call a growth mindset（思维方式）.Researchers at Stanford University have found that cultivating a growth mindset is a key way to help us learn from our failures. Unlike those with ___48___ mindsets --- who see their skill levels as inborn and unchangeable, those with growth mindsets believe they can improve their abilities by learning from their mistakes. Psychologists point out that parents can play a ___49___ role in helping their children develop healthier attitudes towards failure: they can praise their children for making an effort even if their results are imperfect and help children learn to ___50___ when they make mistakes.Another ___51___ option for perfectionism is to cultivate self-compassion（自我同情）. To understand self-compassion, thank about how you would ___52___ a close friend if they made a mistake. Chances are that you’d probably make responses with kindness and understanding, knowing that your friend meant well. The idea behind self-compassion is that we should treat ourselves ___53___ when we make mistakes, remind ourselves that mistakes are part of being human, and avoid being ___54___ by negative emotions. Self-compassion can be beneficial for mental health, but perfectionists tend not to treat themselves in compassionate ways. If you’re interested in trying to foster more self-compassion the researcher who developed the concept of self-compassion has a short exercise you can try.Psychologists have also suggested that cognitive（认知的）behavioral therapy can be a way to help people change their beliefs about perfectionism. Although perfectionism is linked to lower mental health, the good news is that perfectionism is something you can change. By working to see mistakes as learning ___55___, and replacing self-criticism with self-compassion, it’s possible to overcome perfectionism and develop a healthier way of setting goals for yourself.41. A. risks B. values C. profits D. standards42. A. identifying B. mirroring C. concealing D. pursuing43. A. hardened B. associated C. compared D. replaced44. A. hesitant B. courageous C. desperate D. bound45. A. for instance B. By contrast C. In fact D. On average46. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Furthermore D. Instead47. A. obstacle B. alternative C. attitude D. equivalent48. A. various B. fixed C. positive D. keen49. A. casual B. creative C. crucial D. changeable50. A. persevere B. scheme C. negotiate D. survive51. A. potential B. conditional C. unique D. sustainable52. A. compete with B. run after C. respond to D. argue with53. A. favorably B. kindly C. accordingly D. differently54. A. promoted B. inspired C. monitored D. consumed55. A. skills B. outcomes C. levels D. opportunitiesSection Bdirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( A )I had a teacher who used to wake up in class by shouting: “The early bird gets the worm!” I say “let him have the worm”. I hate food that doesn’t stay still, and avoid Japanese restaurants for that very reason. Anyway, I stopped eating worms at the age of three, switching to regular breakfasts of cereal（谷物）, to which I would add extra sugar.Recently I was thinking about early birds and the competitive spirit after receiving a letter from a reader in Malaysia: ”My son deliberately throws away marks because he doesn’t like to be top of the class. What shall I do?” Give him a round of “applause” for being smart! Actually many children in Asia tend to be the focus by performing better.Placed into a very competitive class when I was 11, I quickly learned the ideal position was second to last. The top three performers and the very last person are highlighted; the second-to-last contestant is INVISIBLE. And it’s an easy position to get—just deliberately underperform at every test. I could do that. I once came second to last in eight straight sports day races. No one suspected anything. I was so invisible that I could have robbed a bank in my street and no one would have noticed.At the London Olympics a few months ago, badminton pairs from three Asian countries deliberately tried to lost matches to draw good lots in later rounds. It was funny to watch, but they were all thrown out for poor sportsmanship. What they really needed were acting lessons, their moves were so u nconvincing. “Oops, I hit the ball in entirely the wrong direction.”The other day, I took the children out and they raced for the car. “I’m first,” said one. The second said: “First is worst, second is best.” Together they sang at the last one: “And third’s the one with a hairy chest.”It struck me that the organizers of sports matches could use this song when people deliberately lost matches. “I lost,” the delighted loser will say. The judges could still declare them winners, pointing to a new, optional regulation: “First is worst, second is best, third’s the one witha hairy chest.”56. Why did the author dislike Japanese restaurant?A. Its food was served raw.B. Its food contained worms.C. He was tempted by cereal.D. He was affected by the saying.57. How did the author manage to be invisible in a competitive class?A. He highlighted the top three students.B. He came to second in sports races.C. He hid himself in a bank skillfully.D. He intentionally underperformed.58. What can be learned from the passage?A. The judge is encouraged to eliminate the dishonest players.B. Players disqualified from Olympic doubles for using drugs.C. Children’s song praises the dramatic acting skills of athletes.D. players purposefully failed for easier lots in the following rounds.59. Which saying might the author possibly support?A. Great minds think alike.B. God favors those who are prepared.C. Honesty is the best policy.D. A bird in hand is worth two in the bush( B )Judge Harry Pregerson InterchangeSmokehouse Restaurant, BurbankThis is the setting for the scene in which Mia discovers Sebastian’s talent for the piano. The fictional Lipton’s restaurant---where jazz purist Sebastian was reluctant to play Christmas music---is in reality a place long frequented by actors, producers and other show business types. It has been on this spot, across the street from the Warner Bros studio, since 1949. In the film, the outer wall of Lipton’s is the You are the Star mural（壁画）. which features Marilyn Monroe, Charlie Chaplin and others, which is on the corner of Hollywood Boulevard and Wicox Avenue in Hollywood in reality.Warner Bros Studios, BurbankMia works at the studio’s coffee shop, where Sebastian comes to meet her. As they wander the studio’s lot, Mia points out “ the window that Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman looked out in Casablanca.” It’s one of the film’s numerous nods to movie history. Warner Brons is still a working studio, with 35 sound stages, 14 exterior sets and visitor tours.Cathy’s Corner, Mount Hollywood Dri veThis section of the road that winds through Griffth Park is the setting of their dance play. It overlooks the San Fernando Valley and features on the film poster. Cathy’s Corner is near famed Mulholland Drive, but prepare for disappointment if you’re expecting a park bench and street lamps, which only exist in the movie.60. In order to encounter some film stars, you may go to _______.A. Judge Harry Pregerson InterchangeB. Smokehouse RestaurantC. Warner Bros StudioD. Cath’s Corner61. Mia mentioned the underlined sentence so as to _______.A. stress Warner Bros is still in functionB. show respect for movies of previous generationsC. illustrate La La Land was filmed at Hollywood Center StudiosD. compare Mia and Sebastian’s love story with Humphrey and Ingrid62. In which section of a website can you most probably find this passage?A. Nature and Environment.B. City and Transport.C. Travel and Recreation.D. Food and Health.( C )Few facts about modern life seem more undeniable than how busy everyone seems to be. Across the industrialized world, large numbers of survey res pondents tell researchers they’re overburdened with work, at the expense of time with family and friends.But the total time people are working , whether paid or otherwise, has not increased in Europe or North America in recent decades. What’s more, the date also show that the people who say they’re the busiest generally aren’t.Part of the answer is simple economics. As economies grow, and the incomes of the better-off have risen over time, time has literally become more valuable: Any given hour is worth more, so we experience more pressure to squeeze in more work.Bu t it’s also a result of the kind of work in which many of us are engaged. In the past, farming work was subject to weather limits, white at present people live in an “unlimited world,” and there are always more incoming emails, more meetings, more things to read, and digital mobile technology means you have a few more to-do list items.With time pressure weighing us down, it’s hardly surprising that we live with one eye on the clock. But psychological research demonstrates that this time-awareness actually leads to worse performance. So the ironic consequence of the “busy feeling” is that we could handle to-do list less well than if we weren’t so rushed.Arguable worst of all, the feeling of rush spreads to affect our leisure time, so that even when life finally does permit an hour or two for recovery, we end up feeling that leisure time should be spent ”productively,” too.If there’s a solution to the busyness epidemic（流行病）, other than the universal 21-hour workweek, it may lie in clearly realizing just how reasonable our attitudes have become. Historically, the ultimate symbol of wealth, achievement and social superiority was the freedom not to work. Now, it’s busyness that has become the indicator of high status. “The best-off in our so ciety are often very busy, and have to be,” says Gershunny. “You ask me, am I busy, and I tell you: ”Yes, of course I’m busy because I’m an important person!”Too often, we measure our worth not by the results we achieve, but by how much of our time we spend. We live crazy lives, at least in part, because it makes us feel good about ourselves.63. According to the author, people’s feeling about busyness results from_______.A. the increase in time valueB. the sacrifice of family timeC. the longer working timeD. the change of working partners64. The underlined phrase “weighing us down” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _______.A. making us overburdenedB. having a positive effect on usC. measuring us in all aspectsD. giving us time for reflection65. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The solution to busyness is applying a 21-hour workweek.B. If people had leisure time, they would relax themselves.C. The feeling of being burdened spells low productivity.D. Freedom is overrepresented in the current society.66. What does the passage mainly concerned with?A. The measurement of wealth in the current society.B. The evolution of people’s attitude towards busyne ss.C. The hidden reasons and effects of people’s busyness.D. The solution to prioritizing the crucial tasks in busyness.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in theHome delivery meal kits can slash（大幅消减）food waste by more than two-thirds, but suppliers need to switch to reusable packaging to make them environmentally friendly.___67____ That means leftovers are minimized. But while the delivery services score well on reducing food waste, buying the same ingredients from the supermarket almostalways saves energy overall simply because meal kits use so much single-use packaging. The good news is that if you have meals that are tailored for consumption, people won’t over-buy and you have less food waste. You fine-tune the portions to what people will actually eat.Beyond the cost of the waste itself, thrown-away food generates methane（甲烷）that contributes to climate change. ___68____ A 2018 report from the Boston Consulting bn tonnes.Meal kits can reduce transport emissions if they mean people take fewer trips to the supermarket. If people only went to buy goods that are unlikely to decay such as soap and toilet paper, they might only have to visit the supermarket once every couple of months. That delivery truck can carry meals for you and dozens of neighbors. ____69___The study found that even if delivered meal kits reduced food waste to zero, they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarketunless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth. ___70___ All theenvironmental benefits are lost. But if the packaging can be reused, you can get somebenefits.Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as fa as possible.Loneliness PeaksFor years America has been talking about obesity, but a new study points to a more serious health issue: isolation and loneliness.Being connected to others socially is widely considered a fundamental human need --- crucial to both well-being and survival. Extreme examples show infants who lack human contact in care fail to grow and often die. Indeed, social isolation has been used as a form of punishment. According to Julianne Holt-Lunstad（长期的）loneliness.The study of 340 adults between the ages of 27 and 101 living in San Diego identified three key age ranges when people felt the loneliest. Participants who had the highest levels of loneliness were in their late-20s, mid-50s and late-80s. While it may come as a surprise that people in their late-20s suffered from loneliness, a larger survey shows they actually may suffer the hardest.With an increasing number of people working from home, watching television, getting into an addiction to electronic devices, it has become too easy to be alone, even if that’s not a person’s intention. Modern day conveniences like having anything we wantdelivered make it possible to never need to leave the house. So, not surprisingly, those with frequent social contact usually feel less lonely than those with few social ties.Mounting evidence suggests social isolation and loneliness significantly impact our health, and even shorten our lives, just like obesity. This study isn’t the first time loneliness has been flagged as an emerging health issue. Therefore, reducing both isolation andloneliness is important for quality of life and well-being.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in thebrackets.72. 远足是我们接触大自然的最简单方式之一。
2022届上海市浦东新区高考二模英语试题(含听力)
2022届上海市浦东新区高考二模英语试题（含听力）一、听力选择题1. What does the woman decide to do?A．Change her diet.B．Do more sports.C．Drink warm milk.2. Where does the conversation probably take place?A．In a park.B．In a church.C．In a storehouse.3. Who has got the car key?A．The man.B．The woman.C．The woman’s mother.4. What will the speakers probably do next?A．Visit the woman’s mother.B．Learn to cook noodles.C．Go to a restaurant.5. Why is the boy's father against the trip?A．Canada is too far away.B．The trip may be meaningless.C．The time of the trip is unsuitable.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Why did the man come to the airport?A．To pick up the woman.B．To book a flight.C．To see someone off.2. Where will the speakers go next?A．To the ticket office.B．To the cafe.C．To the left-luggage office.3. What prevents the woman from taking the train to Shanghai?A．Her tight schedule.B．Lack of tickets.C．Her dislike of trains.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
英语_2018年上海市宝山区高考英语二模试卷含答案
2018年上海市宝山区高考英语二模试卷Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.1.How Much of the Jetsons' World Has Become a Reality？For most of our readers， The Jetsons may be an unfamiliar name． However， for many American born in or before the 1980s， it is a name we fondly remember． The Jetsons was a popular cartoon that featured a family living in an advanced world （21）________ people settle in houses built in the sky， work only three days a week and drive flying cars that resemble flying saucers． While sky﹣high houses and three﹣day workweeks don't appear to be on the horizon， other visions of the future （22）________（turn）into practical realities．Flying cars have been on the minds of scientists and inventors for decades． They are part of a typical imaging of the future fast﹣paced and luxurious，（23）________（allow）us to speed through the skies． As （24）________（see）in The Sky's No longer the Limit， this flight of fancy may soon be a reality in Dubai． Aiming （25）________（become）the world's most advanced city， Dubai is currently testing the first﹣ever flying taxi．（26）________ money still exists in its current cash﹣based form in The Jetsons， people today are looking toward a world where even cash is out﹣of﹣date． Bitcoin is a type of digital money that has taken the world by storm． Since its introduction， the money's price （27）________（increase）to rates as high as US﹩19，000． This， however， may not predict well for the future of digital currency， as experts warn that Bitcoin is a bubble and （28）________ crash soon． It's possible that some dreams of the future may still be （29）________ our reach．Other more probable technologies already exist， for example， future flying eye hospitals in A Hospital with Wings， unusual﹣engineered folding paper in Clever Folding and the population of endangered corals（珊瑚）in Lab﹣Bred Coral to the Rescue， etc． All these show （30）________ humans are already capable of． So， what else could the future have in store for us？Section B Directions：After reading the passage below， fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.2.Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In the experiment, six volunteers heard 40 pieces of classical music, rock, pop, jazz, andothers. The Neural（神经的）fingerprint of each song on participants' brain was（1）______ by the Magnetic Resonance（MR）machine while a computer was learning to identify the brain patterns drawn out by each musical piece. Musical（2）______ such as tone, volume, rhythm and beat were taken in account by the computer.After that, researchers expected that the computer would be able to do the（3）______ way: identify which song participants were listening to, based on their brain activity—a technique known as brain decoding. When faced two options, the computer showed up to 85%（4）______ in identifying the correct song, which is a great performance, comparing to previous studies. Researchers then pushed the test even（5）______ by providing not two but 10 options（e.g. one correct and nine wrong）to the computer. In this situation, the computer correctly identified the song in 74% of the decisions.In the future, studies on brain decoding and machine learning will create possibilities of communication（6）______ any kind of written or spoken language. "Machines will be able to translate our musical thoughts into songs," says Sebastian Hoefle, researcher from D'Or Institute and PhD student from Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study is a result of a（7）______ between Brazilian researchers and colleagues from Germany, Finland and India.According to Hoefle, brain decoding researches provide（8）______ to understand neural functioning and interact with it using artificial intelligence. In the future, he experts to find answers for（9）______ like "what musical characteristics make some people love a song while others don't? Is our brain（10）______ to prefer a specific kind of music?"Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C， and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3.Having a clear picture in mind of what their future will look like can motivate students to keep going despite the challenges of college life. This（1）______ seems to be particularly effective for female students from relatively low socioeconomic status（SES）backgrounds says Mesmin Destin of Northwestern University in the US. College is a time of great opportunity for some, but can be（2）______ for others. It is often the first time that many students are away from the regular and familiar support of their family and friends. Weak students from lower SES backgrounds often encounter greater financial and psychological challenges than others, and this can lead to（3）______ and even withdrawal from difficult situations, such as when interacting with their lecturers or taking tests and exams.Destin and his colleagues wanted to understand if students'（4）______ to academic challenges improve when they look forward to the future. This idea is built around the theory of identity-based motivation. It holds that people can take positive action during times of unfavorable conditions when they（5）______ a successful future for themselves. "The theory of identity-based motivation proposes that stimulating a focus on a successful future identity may be especially（6）______ in motivating students who are weak during challenging academic situations to develop a sense of action readiness," explains Destin. This involves feeling ready and able to take appropriate action when（7）______ difficulty.In two almost identical laboratory experiments—one involving 93 female students, the other 185 students（including 101 women）—participants were first asked either to write about their past or their future（8）______. After their deep thoughts, the participants were filmed during an limited interview with a so-called lecturer, and then had to（9）______ a difficult academic test. The research team noted whether participants' body language was bold and confident, and measured the amount of effort participants'（10）______ the academic test. The results were in agreement with the theory of identity-based motivation. Destin and his team found that having a successful future identity can prevent especially female students from lower SES backgrounds from（11）______ during challenging academic situations. Specially, lower SES women who wrote about their future identities displayed greater action （12）______ compared to those who considered their past. They showed more confident body language. It helped them to make more effort to tackle the test, and had an indirect effect on their（13）______."Simulating imagined successful future identities appears to provide a（14）______ pathway to enable weak students to effectively navigate everyday stressors, "says Destin." The findings（15）______ suggest that certain students may benefit from strategies that remind them to image their successful futures before any difficult and important task that they might otherwise be likely to avoid."（1）A instructionB strategyC challengeD psychology（2）A disgracefulB shamefulC harmfulD stressful（3）A hesitationB intentionC depressionD decision（4）A willingnessB optionsC responsesD applications（5）A destroyB imagineC abandonD substitute（6）A powerfulB uprightC uniqueD ambitious（7）A avoidingB overcomingC surrenderingD encountering（8）A experienceB sufferingC successD failure（9）A designB completeC commentD revise（10）A put awayB put onC put outD put into（11）A withdrawingB transformingC advancingD engaging（12）A quantityB dullnessC readinessD inability（13）A fascinationB ignoranceC dilemmaD performance（14）A tolerableB potentialC straightD academic（15）A thereforeB howeverC otherwiseD meanwhileSection B Directions：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C，and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.4. I believe in getting lost． Lost in the text of the novel that is particular to your thoughts and feelings that you consider special． The song that reminds you of your childhood summers, where you close your eyes and lose yourself reliving a memory; feeling the warm wind brushing against your arm, the smell of the dusty sand that you stir up as you ride yourbicycle, murmuring the tune of that song． Like the unprepared Sunday Drive, with no destination． You're free to wander, take paths that you've never noticed, discover places you haven't been． Then falling off on the path to lead you back home, leaving you to test directions and alertly absorb your surroundings in order to find your way back; that kind of lost．I get lost daily, whether it's in thought, or the unplanned drive I just decided to go on． Getting lost is an adventurous learning experience that trains you how to be more aware of your surroundings． A few of my most favorite memories involve physically getting lost． That one late night trip back to Ludington from Grand Rapids I took with a few friends． We finally realized we were going the wrong way when we hit SouthHaven, almost three hours out of our way． There was also the time where I got lost in the De Vos Place in Grand Rapids after the President's Ball and then the parking garage for a solid two hours． I felt like my life was that one scene of an American television situation comedy, minus the air conditioner． At the time, these are nervous experiences that get your anxiety pumping． You're fearful that you won't be safe, but it always works itself out in the end． Physically losing yourself prepares you for how you manage when you emotionally or mentally lose yourself．You don't always have to be lost in a literal sense to"get lost"and some of the time, losing yourself may not be a positive experience． There are times where I lose sight of who I am． While lost, I test our metaphorical paths and sometimes they turn out to be the right direction and other times they were a wrong turn． I make note of these wrong turns, so I can avoid them further on up the road of finding my way back to who I am．In Walden, Henry David Thoreau wrote"Not till we are lost, in other words not till we have lost the world, do we begin to find ourselves, and realize where we are and the infinite extent of our relations．"Getting lost fuels my curiosity and teaches me lessons on finding my way back to the right track． I believe in getting lost through day dreams, a misplacement, adventures, and difficult times where you make discoveries about yourself and the atmosphere around you． In order to truly find yourself, I believe that you should put down the map and get wonderfully lost．（1） In the first paragraph， the author mainly expresses that________．A lost in a novel is a special feeling ．B songs remind us of pastexperiences． C wandering is a wonderful discovery ． D getting lost brings us benefits．（2） The author mentions the experiences of physically getting lost（in paragraph 2）in order to say________．A physically getting lost is most difficult to deal with．B we can enjoy trips while physically getting lost．C people are easy to get physically lost in our dailylife． D we realize our surroundings while physically getting lost．（3） Words from Henry David Thoreau（in the last paragraph）imply that gettinglost________．A enables us to look within and to see outward．B pulls people back into the previousmoment． C enables us to remind ourselves of adventures． D helps us enjoy ourselves wherever we are．（4） Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？________A I Once Was Lost ．B Wonderfully Lost．C Physically GettingLost ． D Mentally Getting Lost．5. Two in three Americans shower once a day or more, according to a YouGov poll． Here's why you might be better off showering less frequently（and here are other ways you might be showering wrong）（1） What's the whole passage mainly about？________A Reasons you can probably get away with showering less．B Advice you can take on how to shower more and better．C Harmful effects made on you through showering less．D Benefits you can get from showering on a daily basis．（2） This passage provides us with the following further detailed informationExcept________．A the best time of day to shower．B the proper temperature for yourshower． C the other ways you shower wrong． D the other ways to cut your water bill．（3） Which of the following is Not a reason why you should shower less？________A Showering gets rid of good bacteria．B You're absolutely as dirty as youthink． C Towel drying causes damage to your skin． D You only really need to wash your smelly parts．6. Social norms of right and wrong are vital to a well﹣functioningsociety． However, such moral standards are changeable and the psychological mechanisms （机制）driving this change are unknown． Now, researchers at Karolinska Institutet report that our view of selfish and unselfish behaviors changes depending on how common they are．The results are based on a combination of behavioral experiments, mathematical models and computer simulations． In the experiments, the participants first observed other people's behavior in a so﹣called"public goods game, "in which players receive a sum of money and then choose either to invest it to varying degrees so that it benefits everyone in the group, or to keep it for themselves． After every round, the participants were asked to judge the different choices as morally right or wrong, and whether the choices ought to be punished with a reduction in how much the players gained．Unselfish behavior was considered more morally right than selfish, but both behaviors were judged to be more moral and less deserving of punishment if the majority exhibited them than if they were uncommon． The commonness of the selfish behavior also affected the participants' willingness to themselves pay to punish selfishness．"Tolerance of selfish behavior increased when the majority of the players kept the money for themselves, which surprised me, "says principal investigator Andreas Olsson, senior lecturer at Karolinska Institutet's Department of Clinical Neuroscience．"The fact that a behavior is common doesn't automatically mean that it's right ﹣ this idea is based on faulty logic that confuses facts with moral values．"The study shows our view of what is morally right and wrong has strong similarities with social comformity, in that we tend to adapt ourselves to the people around us and how they behave． This means that changes in our social environment can quickly alter our moral compass．"This is interesting from several angles, and could explain why moral attitudes change over time, such as those towards public goods or legality, "says Bjorn Lindstrom, postdoc at University of Zurich and Karolinska Institutet's Department of Clinical Neuroscience．（1） According to Andreas Olsson's analysis， if people accept selfish behavior， they actually________．A get facts and moral values mixed up ．B misunderstand socialmechanisms． C follow the logic of their own ． D consider it correct and reasonable．（2） It can be concluded that the participants in the experiments are punished if________．A they can't play"public goods game"． B invest the money to benefit group members． C they behave differently from the majority． D they keep the money for themselves．（3） According to the passage， what is morally right or wrong is shaped by the following Except________．A the way people around us behave ．B changes in our socialenvironment． C personal standards of values and attitudes ． D how widespread a particular behavior is．（4） Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？________A The psychological mechanisms behind attitude change．B Behavior is considered more moral the more common it is．C Our view of selfish and unselfish behaviors．D Moral standards of selfish and unselfish behaviors．Section C Directions：Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentences can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.7.Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentences can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.It is widely believed that seeking feedback from colleagues, managers, friends and family enhances employees' creativity. But is this always the case? No, a positive effect depends on the work, environment. This is the conclusion of new joint research study led by UvA work and organizational psychologist Roy Sijbom.（1）______ For example, managers are encouraged to engage customers in order to confirm whether their business model is workable and scholars attend conferences to obtain feedback on their research results. A definite assumption is that individuals who have obtained feedback will also actually（be able to）use it."The idea is simple: seeking feedback from different sources—also known as feedback source variety—benefits one's creativity since it leads to a greater diversity of viewpoints", says Sijbom. "And the more diverse the viewpoints, the more it benefits one's creativity because by combing all the different viewpoints new perspectives will emerge that in turn will result in more creativity.（2）______"The researchers examined how specific characteristics of the immediate work environment influence the relationship between feedback source variety and creative performance.（3）______ One is the recognized rate of change of performance standards. The other is the extent to which employees feel they have sufficient time to develop creative ideas at work （experienced creative time pressure）. "We discovered a growing relationship between the search for input from a variety of feedback sources and creativity, but only when performance standards within an organization are changing and when a relatively low creative time pressure is experienced", says Sijbom.Sijbom offers several recommendations: "（4）______ In a more concrete sense, organizations can, for example, consider using feedback workshops in which employees are encouraged to reflect on diverse feedback and equipped with techniques and strategies on how to absorb feedback in their daily work. In addition, managers should not only stimulate their employees to actively cultivate relationships with potential feedback sources within and outside the organization, but also provide sufficient time to process the feedback obtained from these relationships."Summary Writing8. Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point （s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．Screen﹣addicted teens are unhappyA new study explored the link between adolescent life satisfaction and screentime． Researchers found that teens who spent more time in front of screen devices ﹣playing computer games， using social media， texting and video chatting ﹣were less happy than those who invested more time in non﹣screen activities like sports， reading newspapers and magazines， and face﹣to﹣face social interaction．Total screen avoidance doesn't lead to happiness either． The greater unhappiness among those with no screen exposure could be due to several factors， Twenge， the leading researcher said．"It could be that they are left out of the social scene of high school， thatit's very difficult to carry on friendships in high school these days without texting at all or being on social media．"It is also possible that those kids are outliers， Twenge said ﹣teens with special needs or in special education， or those whose screens have been taken away from them by parents．The key to digital media use and happiness is limited use． The happiest teens used digital media a little less than an hour per day． But after a daily hour of screen time，unhappiness rises steadily along with increasing screen time， the researchers report in the journal Emotion．"Make effort to spend no more than two hours a day on digital media， and try to increase the amount of time you spend seeing friends face﹣to﹣face and exercising﹣two activities reliably linked to greater happiness．"Twenge said．"By far the largest change in teen's lives between 2012 and 2016 was the increase in the amount of time they spent on digital media， and the following decline in in﹣person social activities and sleep，" the leading researcher said．"The arrival of the smartphone is the most reasonable explanation for the sudden decrease in teens' psychological well﹣being．"________TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.9. Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets. （1）我对这场比赛的结果抱乐观态度。
上海市浦东新区中考二模英语试卷（含答案）（1）
上海市浦东新区中考二模英语试卷（含答案）（1）浦东新区初三英语二模（满分150分，完卷时间100分钟）2015.5 考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30 分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (6 分)B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)：(8分)7. A) No.8. B) No.15. C) No.18. D) No.28.8. A) Convenient. B) Special. C) Crowded. D) Rough.9. A) One. B) Two. C) Three. D) Four.10. A) In a restaurant. B) In a shop. C) In a hotel.D) In a hospital.11. A) At 5:50. B) At 6:00. C) At 6:10. D) At 6:15.12. A) Paul. B) Rose. C) Kitty. D) Jenny.13. A) Sound power. B) Fire power. C) Water power. D) Wind power.14. A) Bob is a cleaner. B) Bob is a kind person.C) Bob is a rich person. D) Bob is a driver.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示) (7分)15. I have been in love with China since 2011.16. The most important reason why I love China is people.17. I became the owner of a big hotel after one year in university.18. There were many foreigners working in the Chinese hotel.19. It was a great chance for me to understand Chinese culture and practise Chinese.20. From the passage, we can know that the writer is an honest Chinese.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容。
2018届杨浦区高考英语二模
杨浦区2017学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2018.4Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. On the playground. B. In a department store.C. In the school building.D. In a stadium.2. A. $518. B. $580.C. $614.D. $640.3. A. Mr. Johnson’s ideas are nonsense.B. He quite agrees with Mr. Johnson’s views.C. Mr. Johnson is good at expressing his ideas.D. He shares the woman’s views on social welfare.4. A. New ways to charge phones.B. The spread of false information.C. Interesting videos on WeChat.D. How people enlarge their circle of friends.5. A. The weather report is far from the truth.B. The heat continues to the end of the week.C. He will hang out at the end of the week.D. He’s relieved to have gone through the hot days.6. A. See the Hollywood movie.B. Skip the beginning of the movie.C. Go to sleep early.D. Watch the movie advertisement.7. A. The woman has been chatting with her parents for a long time.B. There is something wrong with her parents’ telephone.C. It’s very likely that the phone is not properly hung up.D. Her parents are busy talking on the phone for 30 minutes.8. A. A big sports centre is opened to the public.B. A swimming pool has already been completed.C. More facilities will be finished ahead of time.D. It has the most impressive building for miles around.9. A. His words are not so reliable.B. He is well prepared for the test.C. He is well-informed and knows everything.D. He knows a lot about the school arrangement.10. A. They are raising money for their club.B. They will go on to call more people.C. They will finish working today.D. They’re glad to contribute money.Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They can remind themselves to make full use of time.B. They can keep time when they are writing a novel.C. They should pay by the minute when they leave.D. They can get a clock as a gift for buying the coffee.12. A. Customers should wash their own dishes for there is no waitress.B. The relaxed atmosphere attracts like-minded people to socialize there.C. Customers can bring their own snacks because no food is served there.D. Wi-Fi is unavailable because face-to-face communication is encouraged there.13. A. It has proved to be popular in both Britain and Russia.B. The pilot shop in London is not as successful as expected.C. It’s not well-received in Britain because it costs more.D. It takes time to see whether British people like it or not.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Teach students how to avoid errors in writing.B. Correct test papers on Chinese language course.C. Help foreigners to learn Chinese characters.D. Correct mistakes in students’ speeches.15. A. It should be connected with a laser printer.B. Essays of different styles should be stored in it.C. The paper text should be changed into digital text.D. Character recognition system should be installed in it.16. A. It cannot work as efficiently and accurately as a real teacher.B. It cannot appreciate the content and the beauty of language.C. It cannot use different symbols to mark different mistakes.D. Its Chinese linguistic data system is not big and complete.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The post is really funny.B. They enjoy bullying（欺负）Bill.C. They all get along well with Bill.D. They often g ive likes to friend’s post.18. A. He pushed Bill down the stairs.B. He made fun of the man last year.C. He made negative comments on the post.D. He once hurt the man’s feeling seriously.19. A. Lead to quarrels and isolation.B. Seek revenge and behave violently.C. Improve endurance and interpersonal skills.D. Affect academic performance and emotional health.20. A. Delete his post as soon as possible.B. Apologize to Bill for his hurtful post.C. Convince Bill of his well-meant action.D. Stop posting anything about Bill for a while.II. Grammar and vocabularySection AWhen it comes to innovative countries, we always think of places like the US, the UK and Germany. However, Israel is also a global leader (21)______ innovation.According to the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017, Israel is the second (22)______ (innovative) nation in the world, just after Switzerland.Many of us (23)______ not be aware, but technologies developed in Israel have changed our lives. For example, antivirus software (24)______ protects our computers was first developed in Israel in the 1970s, according to The Telegraph. In addition, features on our mobile phones such as voicemail and SMS were also developed in Israel.So it comes as no surprise that Israel plans to use its innovative strength (25)______ (power) the cooperation with China in the Belt and Road Initiative. (26)______ ______ ______ Israel is needed, it will spare no effort to contribute to the project, said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during his visit to China in March, according to Xinhua News Agency.Many Israeli environmental technology companies have already set up facilities in Shandong province, (27)______ (bring) Israeli techniques to many areas such as recycling water for agricultural use, reported the Times of Israel.(28)______ (found) on very dry land, Israel had been worried about water for a very long time. However, in recent years, the quality and quantity of water in Israel (29)______ (improve), with the help of techniques that turn Mediterranean seawater and wastewater into usable water.In fact, such innovations have led to more and more Chinese students (30)______ (seek) quality higher education in Israel. “When Chinese students who study here go back home, they will be in positions to influence China-Israel relationships in the future,” Emma Afterman, manager of Israel-China Academic Relations at the Council for Higher Education, told the Jerusalem Post.Parents have been concerned about their kids’ us e of technology since the dawn of technology – or at least since the invention of the transistor radio in the 1950s. Today, technology is everywhere, and kids are growing up __31__ to their smartphones, tablets and laptops in ways that ‘50s moms and dads c ould never have dreamed of. Parental concern has grown along with this tech __32__. But now, even those in the industry are wondering if technology has taken a truly __33__ hold on all of us – and especially children.No less than Melinda Gates, wife of Microsoft founder Bill Gates, wrote an editorial in the Washington Post last summer expressing regret for the Pandora’s Box she and her husband helped open. “I spent my career in technology. I wasn’t prepared for its effect on my kids,” she wrote. “Phones a nd apps aren’t good or bad by themselves, but for adolescents who don’t yet have the emotional tools to deal with life’s complication and __34__, they can add to the difficulties of growing up.”A study, which came out this year, looked at yearly surveys of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders in the U.S. between 1991-2016, and __35__ markers of psychological well-being, such as self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness. It found that such well-being suddenly decreased after 2012 – just at the time that the use of smartphone and social media __36__. There was a direct correlation between the amount oftime spent on electronics and unhappiness. Happiness was highest among kids who participated in sports, followed by in-person socializing and __37__ services. The lowest? Online computer games – the abuse of which has recently been __38__ a recognized mental health disorder by the World Health Organization – and social media.Early this year, big players formerly of tech companies such as Google and Facebook created the Center for Humane Technology and, in partnership with the nonprofit organization Common Sense Media, __39__ a full media and advertising attack on the very industry they had a hand in building. Their initiative, the Truth about Tech, is pouring millions of dollars into a(n) __40__ to warn parents, teachers and students that the technology they use is in fact engineered to addict them.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AIf you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? This is usually just a theoretical question. The idea of suddenly taking the form of your neighbor, a celebrity or even your dog is fun to think about, but seemingly impossible to __41__.Yet a few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality device. “The first seconds are just overwhelming,” says Rikke Frances Wahl, a woman who __42__ became a man. “It feels mysterious. You start to feel more and more comfortable in it, and you start to really get th e __43__ of how it would be if it were your body.”Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping(替换) experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She __44__ her new body using a machine called The Machine to be Another. The set-up is relatively simple. Both users put on a virtual reality headset with a camera installed to the top of it. The video from each camera is piped to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your __45__. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it. To get used to seeing another person’s body without actually having control of it, participants start by moving their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. __46__, this kind of slow, synchronized(同步) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they were living in another person’s body. “It was so natural,” Wahl says, laughing, “and at the same time it was so unnatural.”Interestingly, using such technology __47__ to alter people’s behaviour afterwards – potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be __48__ in fighting implicit racism(隐性种族歧视). Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations between.Another study showed that using the so-called “rubber hand illusion(错觉)” can have the same __49__. When that rubber hand is a colour unlike their skin, participants __50__ lower on tests for implicit racism than when they watched a hand of the same skin colour.The idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less likely to think __51__ of them, because your brain has __52__ the feeling of being that person.Wahl says that she’d jump at the chance to swap bodies with someone again. “I would really, really __53__ it to everyone, everyone should try this thing,” she says. “We all have different feelings and points of views about things,” says Pointeau, “and it’s really strongly related to our __54__ experience. With this kind of experience we can __55__ empathy –the action of understanding, but also maybe help people better understand themselves too.”41. A. execute B. excuse C. explore D. exhibit42. A. contemporarily B. permanently C. temporarily D. secretly43. A. passion B. fantasy C. familiarity D. energy44. A. inherited B. altered C. endured D. acquired45. A. reflection B. partner C. colleague D. image46. A. Consciously B. Constantly C. Eventually D. Equivalently47. A. requires B. prefers C. promises D. volunteers48. A. progressive B. informative C. realistic D. intention49. A. impact B. instruction C. initiative D. intention50. A. analyzed B. scored C. predicted D. valued51. A. highly B. ill C. straight D. fairly52. A. expressed B. mixed C. internalized D. deleted53. A. connect B. advertise C. register D. recommend54. A. bodily B. sensitive C. mental D. initial55. A. endure B. promote C. honor D. identifySection B(A)A British hospital director told me he was hunting for staff to replace the foreign doctors and nurses leaving because of Brexit(脱欧). He hadn’t found many qualified Britons queuing to replace them.In an age when the “war for talent” is a global business trend, the UK is fighting a war against talent. But if I were a Brexiter, I’d say: Brexit should be the prompt for Britain to finally start training enough of its own talent. If UK wants to avoid economic decline, it will need to train far more of its own nurses, construction workers, architects, etc. For a country whose policy has always been not to educate the working class, that would be a reversal of history.Before Brexit, high-skilled immigrants staffed world-class British sectors such as the City of London and the creative economy. In healthcare, the UK developed a brilliant way: let a poor country like Romania fund a nurse’s education, then underpay her to look after sick Brits. Low-skilled immigrants eager to work all hours for little money gave the UK cafes and corner shops that seldom closed. Low-skilled Britons could have done these jobs, but mostly didn’t.The co ming wave of British talent is largely immigrant too: the kids who have made London’s state schools the UK’s best, plus the offspring of Russian, Chinese and other foreign elites(精英) who fill private schools. Many of these would love to stay and make the UK richer.But Brexiters want to cut immigration. The obvious solution: equip working-class Brits to do jobs from nursing to banking. Jonathan Portes, economics professor at King’s College said: “The problem of UK vocational education has been known for at least a century. We’ve always neglected it.” In fact, in August the UK removed the state bursary(助学金) for people training to be nurses, midwives and speech therapists. Students now have to fund courses themselves, then earn a low salary for a lifetime.I f Britain doesn’t upskill its workers fast, it will lose skilled jobs. It will continue to have the world’s best universities per capita only if it can find enough Britons to replace foreign academics who leave the UK. Much the same applies to finance or design. Meanwhile, low-skilled foreign fruit pickers have already melted away since the pound plunged. With few Britons queuing to replace them, much of this year’s produce rotted in the fields.So the likely post-Brexit outcome is a UK that cannot keep itself in the style to which it has become accustomed. The war against talent will probably leave Britain looking a bit more like today’s English seaside towns, or most of the country in the 1970s: culturally homogeneous(同种类的), relatively poor and under-serviced.56. The UK is fighting a war against talent because ______.A. skilled immigrants leave the country after BrexitB. it doesn’t have enough fund to train its own citizensC. too many qualified Britons are queuing for creative jobsD. it is trying a different approach to attracting talent57. Which is FALSE about the situation in the UK before Brexit?A. Hospital employed many immigrant nurses.B. Much attention was paid to the nurse training.C. Many Brits were unwilling to do low-paid jobs.D. Immigrant elites could find creative and decent jobs.58. What can we learn from the passage?A. Most well-educated immigrants had no plan to stay in the UK.B. The government now gives nurses-to-be some financial support.C. A lot of fruits rotted in the fields for the lack of skilled fruit pickers.D. The outflow of talent only existed in the field of education and healthcare.59. According to the writer, the post-Brexit Britain is likely to ______.A. be as rich and powerful as it used to beB. be as convenient as it was before BrexitC. be different in style but the same in essenceD. go backward in economy and social serviceFreethisThe DJI Mavic Pro folds down as small as a bottle ofyouNew OcuSync transmission system offers up to 7km offeaturessensorDJI Spark Alopine White with Extra Battery &ANDmovingRecord ultra-stable Full HD footage and 12MP stillsMeasures approximately the same size as can of popD14.3cmFreeActiveavoidstabilityProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone WithIt folds away small enough to fit into your backpackTap a button to take off. Tap a button to land. It’s thatyouryourhone60. The four drones(无人机) are listed in order of ______.A. popularityB. discountC. priceD. size61. If you want to share what you shoot on WeChat within the shortest time, _______ is recommended.A. DJI Mavic Pro 4K Foldable Camera DroneB. DJI Spark Alpine WhiteC. DJI Phantom 4 4K Camera DroneD. ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone62. Among the four types, ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone has a unique feature that ______.A. its maximum speed is the highestB. users can pilot it just by moving fingersC. it can be controlled by smartphoneD. it takes up the least space when folded(C)It’s almost spring, the time of year when the change in seasons could lead to some pretty fascinating cloud activity in the sky. NASA and the GLOBE Program are inviting you to take part in a citizen science cloud observation challenge. The GLOBE Program is an international science and education program that provide students and the public with the opportunity to participate in data collection and the scientific process.From March 15 through April 15, citizen scientists of all ages can make up to 10 cloud observations per day using the GLOBE Observer app or one of the other data entry options (for trained GLOBE members). Challenge participants with the most observations will be congratulated by a NASA scientist in a video posted on the GLOBE Program’s website and on social media.“The GLOBE Program is offeri ng this challenge to show people how important it is to NASA to have citizen scientist observations: observations from the ground up,” said Marile Colon Robles, lead for the GLOBE Clouds team at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. “We’re g oing from winter to spring, so the types of storms will change, which will also change the types of clouds.”Researchers use, and value, this citizen science cloud data because it helps to validate data from Earth-observing instruments. Scientists at Langley work with a set of six instruments known as the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES).Even though CERES’ instruments use advanced technology, it is not always easy for researchers to positively identify all types of clouds in their images. For example, it can be difficult to differ thin, wispy cirrus clouds(细小的卷云) from snow since both are cold and bright; even more so when cirrus clouds are above a surface with patchy snow(片状雪) or snow cover. One solution to this problem is to look at satellite images from a particular area and compare them to data submitted by citizen scientists on the ground.“Looking at what an observer recorded as clouds and looking at their suface observations really helps us better understand the images that were matched from the satellite,” said Colon Robles.You don’t have to be a cloud-gazing professional to participate. For those who want to be part of the challenge but don’t have a lot of experience identifying clouds, Colon Robles offers the following advice: “Just go outside.” The more clouds you observe, she said, the more comfortable you’ll be collecting data.63. Why do researchers launch the cloud observation challenge?A. The GLOBE Program is badly short of hands.B. The technology CERES uses is not that advanced.C. Scientists can compare data from different instruments.D. Cirrus clouds are difficult to identify when with snow cover.64. The underlined word “validate” is closest in meaning to ______.A. createB. cancelC. countD. confirm65. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Citizen observers can only submit their data by means of an app.B. Observers submitting the most observations can get a special prize.C. Observations from the ground are not as valuable as satellite images.D. The data collected by citizen scientists will be posted on social media.66. Which is the best title for the passage?A. NASA Employs New members.B. Cloud Activities Bring a New Challenge.C. Citizens Gain Experience through Observation.D. Professionals Teach You to Observe Clouds.A new report by the World Bank shows that the effects of climate change could force 140 million people to move within their countries by 2050.The report looked at three developing regions of the world –sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia andLatin America. ___67___Climate migrants are people who are forced to move within their country because of water scarcity, crop failure, rising sea levels and storm surges due to climate change.___68___ It is important to help people make good decisions about whether to stay where they are or move to new locations where they are less vulnerable.The report noted that the effects of climate change will often force people to move from rural areas suffering from droughts or crop failures to cities where there are different opportunities. ___69___ “Without the right planning and support, people migrating from rural areas into cities could be facing could be facing new and even more dangerous risks,” said Kanta Kumari Rigaud, the report’s team lead.“___70___” Rigaud added.The report recommends key actions to help prevent wide-scale climate migration: cutting global greenhouse gas emissions; improving development planning at the local level for climate migration; and investing in data to better understand climate migration trends in each country. The report notes that any rise in climate migration will be in addition to millions of other migrants within countries, moving for economic, social, political or other reasons.Ⅳ. Summary WritingIt is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents' views of life vary, they show their love in different ways．The monarch type of parents are intolerant and self-centered. They lay down regulations in the family for their children to observe. Furthermore，they insist that their children should act upon them without question. With a firm belief in their own philosophy of life, they have litter respect for others’ opinions, least of all, their children's. The sentence they say most frequently to their childre n is, “you should do this.”Contrary to the monarch-type parents, the servant-type parents revolve around their children all thetime. They are soft, good-nature, and easy-going. They never deny their children any wish, and cheerfully run to buy anything their children ask for. They are happy so tong as their children are content. With the sincere belief that love means sacrifice, they are ready to give up anything for their children's sake. With their children at the center of their lives, they always ask, “What else can we do for you?”The friends-type parents, as the term implies, treat their children as friends. They are generous and wise. Like good friends, they discuss with their children the latest news, share their children's interests, and listen attentively to their children's expression of emotion, whether it is anger, fear, joy or sorrow. They have a close relationship with their children while sticking to their principled stand. They discuss problems with their children rather than provide ready solution. They respect their children as their equals. They often say: “Let's put our heads together and see what we can do.”There is no doubt that children welcome the third type of parents, for a free, friendly, and sympathetic atmosphere at home is most favorable to the development of youngsters both in body and in mind. All parents should re-examine and change some of their ways of showing their love if they want their children to grow up happily and healthily.Ⅴ. Translation72. 据报道数以百计的消防员正在参加营救行动。
2024届上海市浦东新区初三二模英语试卷(含答案)
2024届上海市浦东新区初三二模英语试卷(满分 140 分, 考试时间 90 分钟)Part 1 Listening (第一部分 听力)I. Listening Comprehension(听力理解) (本大题共20题, 共25分)A. Listen and choose the right picture(根据你听到的内容, 选出相应的图片) (5分)1. 2. 3. 2. 4.B.Listen to the dialogues and choose the best answer to each question you hear(根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案) (5分)6.A)Sunny.B)Cloudy.C)Windy.D)Rainy.7.A)To speak more.B)To take some medicine.C)To take a good rest.D)To go to hospital.8.A)At the bus stop.B)In the library.C)In the bookstore.D)In the supermarket.9.A)The taste of the cheese cake.B)The time to eat the cheese cake.C)The shape of the cheese cake.D)The way to make a cheese cake.10.A)The boy has finished his homework.B)Mum doesn't like watching TV at all.C)Mum agrees that her son can watch TV now.D)The boy wants to do homework on Saturday.C.Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false(判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示) (5 分)11.Passengers can enjoy the beautiful views during the three hours'trip.12.Drinks and food are served on the second floor of the train.13.Passengers can use the Internet on the train without paying.14.Both tickets and ID cards are necessary during the whole journey.15.The train captain is introducing the sea and mountains along the ride.D.Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentences(听对话, 用听到的单词完成下列句子。
2019年上海市浦东新区中考英语二模试卷(含有答案解析)
2019年上海市浦东新区中考英语二模试卷Part IListening（第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension（听力理解）（30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1．（6分）（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）（6）B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分）2．（1分）A）Sunny．B）Rainy．C）Windy．D）Snowy．3．（1分）A．Milk．B．Chocolate．C．Butter．D．Cheese．4．（1分）A．John．B．Mary．C．Gary．D．Jenny．5．（1分）A．Once a day．B．Once a week．C．Once a month．D．Once a year．6．（1分）A．5 yuan．B．15 yuan．C．25 yuan．D．50 yuan．7．（1分）A．In a restaurant．B．In an airport．C．In a cinema．D．In a library8．（1分）A．By train．B．By air．C．By sea．D．By ferry．9．（1分）A．An art festival．B．An outing．C．A meeting．D．A competition．C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or fals（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）10．（6分）（1）Billy will take a plane with his parents to visit his grandparents．（2）The flight is at 3：00 and Billy has to be at the airport three hours earlier．（3）A stomachache makes it impossible for Billy to take the plane．（4）The woman behind the desk at the airport checks Billy's passport．（5）Billy doesn't really have a fever and he's just nervous at the airport．（6）With the help of Mum，Billy will be able to make his first flight by himself．D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences （听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）（10分）11．（10分）（1）You can tell the time by looking at the clock on the wall．（2）Before clocks appeared，people started work when the sun the cast．（3）The time the Earth spends making one is called a day．（4）The Earth needs 365 days，5 hours，，and 12 seconds to go around the sun．（5）The movement of the Earth really to measure the time．Part 2 Phonetics，Grammar and Vocabulary（第二部分语音、语法和词汇）II. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（20分）12．（1分）Which underlined part is different from the others in pronunciation？（）A．paint B．explain C．Britain D．train13．（1分）It's ______ honor for me to give a speech in such an important event．（）A．a B．an C．the D．/14．（1分）I'm going to the railway station to meet my friend ______ this afternoon．（）A．in B．on C．at D．/15．（1分）Cassie got tired ______ the busy life in the city，so she chose to move to the countryside．（）A．for B．to C．from D．of16．（1分）______ people mix litter in one bag as they've known the importance of garbage classification（垃圾分类）．（）A．Few B．A few C．Little D．A little17．（1分）Although the Internet makes ______ life more convenient，it sometimes causes trouble．（）A．we B．our C．us D．ours18．（1分）Tim can take only two of his group members into the studio and leave ______ waiting outside．（）A．the others B．others C．other D．the other 19．（1分）These kinds of mushrooms look ______ but you should never eat them．（）A．gently B．beautifullyC．softly D．lovely20．（1分）That photo in my childhood shows one of ______ memories of mine．（）A．precious B．more preciousC．much precious D．the most precious21．（1分）Parents should always keep an eye on little children，______ they may get lost．（）A．so B．but C．or D．and22．（1分）Don't touch that wire with a wet hand．We ______ always be careful with electricity．（）A．need B．can C．must D．may23．（1分）With China's support，the first﹣ever image of a black hole ______ on 10th April，2019．（）A．was released B．were releasedC．are released D．is released24．（1分）A total of 254 students ______ from New York University Shanghai by last year．（）A．graduate B．graduatedC．has graduated D．had graduated25．（1分）Once you make a decision，you'd better ________ your mind from time to time．（）A．not change B．don't changeC．not to change D．not changing26．（1分）The manager often suggests ________ on both sides of the paper in order to save resources．（）A．write B．writes C．writing D．to write27．（1分）________ helpful advice you gave us on protecting ourselves yesterday．（）A．How B．What C．What a D．What an28．（1分）Don't forget to take your passport with you ________you leave for the airport．（）A．after B．before C．while D．until29．（1分）Do you know ________ my mail will be received by my friend in New York？（）A．how long B．how soon C．how often D．how far30．（1分）﹣Would you like me to show you the way to operate the new camera？﹣________．（）A．That's very kind of youB．Yes，I'd like toC．No problemD．Not at all31．（1分）﹣﹣﹣________．﹣﹣﹣Sorry，but I cannot make it today．（）A．I often go to the concert at weekendsB．Thanks a lot for your supportC．Make yourself at homeD．Let's go out for dinner tonightIII. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once （将下列单词填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）32．（4分）Paper cutting can be seen in many parts of China during the Spring Festival．Perhaps the art of paper cutting in China dates back to the second（1）．A thousand years ago，paper cutting was used for decoration．According to history books，（2）in the Tang Dynasty used paper cut as headdress．In the Song Dynasty，it was used to decorate gifts．People （3）paper cut on windows or doors or use them to make walls，mirrors or lanterns more beautiful．Paper cutting is all made by hand．Simple patterns can be cut with a knife．For complicated（复杂的）patterns，people（4）drew the patterns on the paper and then used various kinds of knives to cut them out．33．（4分）Paper cutting has various styles in different parts of China．It covers nearly all topics，such as flowers，birds，animals and so on．In the past，women living in the countryside worked （1）in their free time to make paper﹣cutting．As society develops，fewer and fewer people learn this skill．At present，there are （2）for paper cutting in China．Exhibitions are held （3）and books about this art form are published．Paper cutting has（4）from a form of decoration to a kind of art．At the same time，paper cutting also appears in cartoons，on stages，in magazines and in TV series．IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共8分）34．（1分）The book written by Leo is so popular that it has sold millions of．（copy）35．（1分）Students should develop social skills by taking part in more activities．（they）36．（1分）The little boy sent his mother a bunch of flower on her birthday．（forty）37．（1分）The Wandering Earth won a big due to its eye﹣catching special effects．（succeed）38．（1分）The Magic Hotel is to people because it's completely underwater．（attract）39．（1分）As we all know，it's to ask a lady about her age in western countries．（polite）40．（1分）In the film，the police tried their best to where the girl was．（location）41．（1分），the student passed the P．E．test with his great effort．（luck）V. Complete the following sentences as required （根据所给要求完成句子．）（共14分）42．（2分）The government has built many more parking places to meet people' s needs．（改为否定句）The government many more parking places to meet people's needs．43．（2分）The foreign friends visited that small village fifteen years ago．（对划线部分提问）the foreign friends visit that small village？44．（2分）Peter was telling his grandmother how she could turn on the air﹣conditioner．（保持句意不变）Peter was telling his grandmother turn on the air﹣conditioner．45．（2分）No people in our neighborhood set off fireworks last year．（改为反意疑问句）No people in our neighborhood set off fireworks last year，？46．（2分）The waiter took away the plates after we finished eating．（改为被动语态）The plates away by the waiter after we finished eating．47．（2分）"Do you have a meeting to attend tomorrow？" I asked Jack．（改为宾语从句）I asked Jack had a meeting to attend the next day．48．（2分）we，the air quality，are glad，has improved，that，a lot （连词成句）．Ⅵ. Reading Comprehension （阅读理解）（共50 分）Choose the best answer （根据文章内容，选择最恰当的答案）（12分）49．（12分）（1）According to the article，East Village Street Markets have been held．A．6B．7C．8D．9（2）If you pay $269.00，you can get a vendor area of 10m2 and a table on July 1．A．from 10：00 pm﹣4：00 amB．from 4：00 pm﹣10：00 pmC．from 10：00 am﹣4：00 pmD．from 4：00 am﹣10：00 am（3）At the Yearly East Village Street Market，people can enjoy many activities Except．A．kids' activitiesB．free conversationsC．street performancesD．ballroom dance（4）To celebrate the East Village，will go in for the yearly event．A．artists and managersB．singers and directorsC．kids and teachersD．vendors and locals（5）If you are interested in the vendor booth，you can contact the East Village Neighborhood by．A．making a phone callB．using the InternetC．paying a visitD．posting a letter（6）You will probably read such an article in the section of a newspaper．A．lifeB．worldC．sportsD．reviewB. Choose the best words and complete the passage（选择恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）50．（12分）Humans are social animals and in social life，keeping polite and honest helps develop relationship and create good order．First，be polite and you'll be popular everywhere．Always say more than yes or no．Never just say OK．Saying more than yes or no turns a question into a（1）．It also shows that you are interested while you are （2）your great English skill．Remember，practice makes perfect，so try to talk more!Usually say MAYBE when you are not（3）．If you know you can't do，please just say no．Saying maybe，and then not doing is rude．Example：Mary：Can you bring the water for dinner？Jack：Maybe，I will have to see．Mary：That' not good，I need a ‘yes' or a ‘no'．Jack：Then I had better say no，so you can find someone else to do it．Mary：No problem，thanks a lot for your honesty．Second，be honest and you'll be trusted and welcomed．Honesty is a （4）in the west．Always tell the truth．Never cheat in tests! It isa crime in the USA to cheat in a university test．Not only will cheaters （5）the test，they will be kicked out of the class and maybe the school．Schools won't give back cheaters' educational expenses，so they will lose money．Never cheat．If you give your friend the answers to a test，like the TOEFL，or a classroom test，evena quiz，you are still cheating．Don't help your friend cheat．If you do so，you will（6）get in hot water，you will get kicked out of university and you will lose your money，too．（1）A．answer B．debate C．conversation D．discussion（2）A．showing off B．giving up C．dealing with D．learning from （3）A．comfortable B．calm C．correct D．certain（4）A．tiny matter B．big deal C．useful sign D．helpless quality （5）A．pass B．control C．fail D．take（6）A．daily B．finally C．gently D．quietlyC. Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺．每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）51．（14分）One day I was driven by a rain﹣storm to take shelter in a little hut by the road﹣side，which was used by a shoe﹣maker as his workshop to fix shoes．The man and his son were busy with their work；and after saying，"Good day，" we began to talk together．Before I had been with them long，the old man sent his son out to get something that he needed for his repair．His son was only one kilometre away，but it was too long for the h（1）shoe﹣maker to be free．He at last took up a piece of leather and began to work on it，saying，"You know，sir，it will never do to waste time．"As soon as the rain was over，I went on my way home，thinking over what I had heard，"It will never do to waste time．" Some people are always lazy，others are lazy only now and then．I was one of the second ones．I couldn't f （2）my attention all the time．So the old man's words came home with me and I began to feel how w（3）it was to wasteso much of my life in laziness．I had often heard and read that laziness was great h（4）；but now I begin to seethat it causes far more disadvantages than people are aware of．They don't know the wasted time never goes back．When a man is busy，he is said to be "occupied．" What does that mean？It means thata man at work is like a house with people living in it．When our minds are full of our work，there is no s（5）for anything else．Laziness，on the other hand，is emptiness；and when the mind is empty，then the doors are thrown open，and bad thoughts come in to influence your pure heart．When it once gets hold of a man，the habit of laziness isn't e（6）got rid of．I have made up my mind to follow the shoe﹣maker's rule for the rest of mylife．Although it was very hard at first，I stick to it because I learn to r（7）myself not to waste time．Above all，I decide that my mind should never be empty．D. Answer the questions（根据以下内容回答问题）（12分）52．（12分）Many young people love western festivals not because of their cultural meaning，but because of life fun．They don't think it important to know the cultural meaning about western festivals．Actually，we don't just need to remember their names，but we should have an understanding of their culture and history．Western festivals are popular in China because of the differences between western festivals and Chinese ones．Chinese festivals and western festivals were born for different reasons．Chinese festivals mainly came from celebrations，worship and other activities．However，most western festivals are linked with religions（宗教）．Also the ways that western people and Chinese people celebrate festivals aren't similar．Let's take Christmas and the Spring Festival as an example．At Christmas，people prepare Christmas cards，Christmas trees and hold Christmas evenings．Traditionally，Chinese people celebrate the Spring Festival based on blood relationship in the forms of watching television and paying New Year's visits．In addition，western festivals deliver quite different values from Chinese ones．For example，the Valentine's Day，which falls on February14th，adds fresh mind to Chinese．The festival spreads seeds in﹣every corner of China and encourages people to look for true love which belongs to themselves．Ancient Chinese people don't dare to think of that．Whether you like western festivals or not，you can't ignore the effect western festivals they have brought to us．We are paying more attention to thanks﹣giving and emotions instead of food and money．They have made great contributions to enrich our culture．（1）Many young people love western festivals because of life fun，don't they？（2）Why are western festivals popular in China？（3）How do western people usually celebrate Christmas according to the article？（4）What don't ancient Chinese people dare to think of？（5）How many differences between western festivals and Chinese festivals are mentioned in the article？（6）Which western festival did you celebrate？What advantages can you gain after understanding western festivals？List two points．VII. Writing （作文）（共20分）53．（20分）Write at least 60 words on the topic "Let me praise Shanghai for its ______"（以"让我夸夸上海的______"为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格，请在答题纸上把作文标题补充完整，如：convenient transportation，good service，friendly people…）生活在上海，我们的城市每天都有让我们惊喜和自豪的发现，如：方便的交通、周到的服务、友善的人们，请结合你生活中的一件事，谈谈你的发现和感受．（注意：短文中不得出现任何人名．．．．．．．．．，否则不予评分．．．．．．．）．．．．．．．．．．．、校名及其它相关信息The following is for reference only（以下表达仅供参考）praise for…be thankful to…be proud of…make progress…________________________________________________．2019年上海市浦东新区中考英语二模试卷参考答案与试题解析Part IListening（第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension（听力理解）（30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1．（6分）（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）（6）【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】略【解答】ABHAFEC【点评】略B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分）2．（1分）A）Sunny．B）Rainy．C）Windy．D）Snowy．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】本题听力正在整理中…【解答】本题听力正在整理中…【点评】本题听力正在整理中…3．（1分）A．Milk．B．Chocolate．C．Butter．D．Cheese．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略4．（1分）A．John．B．Mary．C．Gary．D．Jenny．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略5．（1分）A．Once a day．B．Once a week．C．Once a month．D．Once a year．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略6．（1分）A．5 yuan．B．15 yuan．C．25 yuan．D．50 yuan．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略7．（1分）A．In a restaurant．B．In an airport．C．In a cinema．D．In a library【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略8．（1分）A．By train．B．By air．C．By sea．D．By ferry．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略9．（1分）A．An art festival．B．An outing．C．A meeting．D．A competition．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or fals（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）10．（6分）（1）Billy will take a plane with his parents to visit his grandparents．（2）The flight is at 3：00 and Billy has to be at the airport three hours earlier．（3）A stomachache makes it impossible for Billy to take the plane．（4）The woman behind the desk at the airport checks Billy's passport．（5）Billy doesn't really have a fever and he's just nervous at the airport．（6）With the help of Mum，Billy will be able to make his first flight by himself．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】略【解答】FFFTTT【点评】略D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences （听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）（10分）11．（10分）（1）You can tell the time by looking at the clock on the wall．（2）Before clocks appeared，people started work when the sun the cast．（3）The time the Earth spends making one is called a day．（4）The Earth needs 365 days， 5 hours，，and 12 seconds to go around the sun．（5）The movement of the Earth really to measure the time．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】略【解答】（1）without thinking （2）came up （3）complete turn（4）49 minutes （5）allows us【点评】略Part 2 Phonetics，Grammar and Vocabulary（第二部分语音、语法和词汇）II. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（20分）12．（1分）Which underlined part is different from the others in pronunciation？（）A．paint B．explain C．Britain D．train【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】哪个的划线部分的发音和其他都不同？【解答】A．paint [ peɪnt ]绘画颜料，其中ai 字母的发音为/eɪ/；B．explain [ ɪkˈspleɪn ]解释，其中ai 字母的发音为/eɪ/；C．Britain [ˈbrɪtn ]不列颠，其中ai 字母的发音为不发音；D．train [treɪn ] 火车，其中ai 字母的发音为/eɪ/；根据对比，可知C 选项不同于其他．故选：C．【点评】多看单词的音素，参考老师的/录音的正确发音来朗读，控制好舌的位置正确，发音自然就正确．字母类似汉字的笔画，各笔画挨着构成汉字，各字母挨着构成单词；音素类似汉字的拼音，学汉字/普通话在熟读拼音基础上，见音会读，读多就记住了，最后达成见字会读．对英语单词也是，读多了就见单词会读．希望大家信心满满，掌握英语．13．（1分）It's ______ honor for me to give a speech in such an important event．（）A．a B．an C．the D．/【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】对我来说在如此重要的活动中发表演讲是一种荣誉．【解答】a 不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an 不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the 定冠词；根据句意，空格处表示"是一种荣誉"，表泛指，用不定冠词．honor 是以元音音素开头的单词，所以空格处填an．故选：B．【点评】定冠词表特指，不定冠词表泛指．不定冠词a和an的区别：a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前．14．（1分）I'm going to the railway station to meet my friend ______ this afternoon．（）A．in B．on C．at D．/【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】今天下午我要去火车站接我的朋友．【解答】in "在……内"；on"在…时候、在……之上"；at"在、向、朝"；，三者都是介词．on 用于具体的某一天前，in用于年、月，用于上、下午和晚上，季节，世纪前．at用于时刻前．this afternoon "今天下午"，前不加任何成分．由题干"I'm going to the railway station to meet my friend …this afternoon…今天下午我要去火车站接我的朋友．"可知，空格"不填"，因此答案应是/．故选：D．【点评】本题考查介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答案．15．（1分）Cassie got tired ______ the busy life in the city，so she chose to move to the countryside．（）A．for B．to C．from D．of【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】Cassie厌倦了城市的繁忙生活，所以她选择了搬到农村去．【解答】A．for为了B．to到……C．from来自D．of……的，根据got tired ______ the busy life in the city，是指"厌倦了城市的繁忙生活"，get tired of对……感到厌倦．固定搭配．故选：D．【点评】熟悉介词的用法，结合题意，给出答案．16．（1分）______ people mix litter in one bag as they've known the importance of garbage classification（垃圾分类）．（）A．Few B．A few C．Little D．A little【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】很少有人把垃圾放在一个袋子里，因为他们知道垃圾分类的重要性．【解答】few几乎没有，修饰可数名词，a few一些，若干，修饰可数名词，little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词，a little一点，修饰不可数名词．根据"因为他们知道垃圾分类的重要性"可知"很少有人把垃圾放在一个袋子里"．people是可数名词，故用few．故选：A．【点评】了解各选项的含义及用法，根据语境选择合适的选项．17．（1分）Although the Internet makes ______ life more convenient，it sometimes causes trouble．（）A．we B．our C．us D．ours【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】尽管网络使我们的生活更方便，但是它有时也会引起麻烦．【解答】A we 我们，人称代词主格；B our 我们的，形容词性物主代词；C us 我们，人称代词宾格；D ours 我们的，名词性物主代词．空格后life是名词，所以空格处填形容词性物主代词作定语，所以空格处填our．故选：B．【点评】形容词性物主代词后接名词，作定语．18．（1分）Tim can take only two of his group members into the studio and leave ______ waiting outside．（）A．the others B．others C．other D．the other【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】Tim只能带两个团队成员进入这个工作室，其他的人只能在外面等着．【解答】A the others 其余的人或物；B others 其余的人或物；C other 其他的；D the other 两者中的另一个．C和D选项后需要接名词，而原句中空格后无名词，所以排除C和D 选项．the others特指某一范围内除去一个或一部分后余下的全部；others是用于已知的一些人或物中，除去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分．原句中表示团队中除去两个人后余下的全部，所以空格处用the others．故选：A．【点评】本题的解题关键是熟练辨析the others和others的用法．19．（1分）These kinds of mushrooms look ______ but you should never eat them．（）A．gently B．beautifullyC．softly D．lovely【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】这些蘑菇看起来很好吃，但是你绝对不能吃．【解答】gently副词，轻轻地，温柔的；beautifully副词，美丽地；softly副词，温柔地；lovely形容词，可爱的．look是系动词，需要用形容词修饰，四个选项中只有D项是形容词．故选：D．【点评】系动词需要用形容词来修饰．20．（1分）That photo in my childhood shows one of ______ memories of mine．（）A．precious B．more preciousC．much precious D．the most precious【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】我童年时的那张照片展现了我最珍贵的记忆之一．【解答】A precious 珍贵的，形容词原级；B more precious 更珍贵的，形容词比较级；C much precious 错误表达（much修饰的是形容词比较级）；D the most precious 最珍贵的，形容词最高级．形容词最高级的固定搭配：one of+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示"……之一"．所以空格处填the most precious．故选：D．【点评】熟练掌握形容词最高级的固定用法．21．（1分）Parents should always keep an eye on little children，______ they may get lost．（）A．so B．but C．or D．and【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】父母应该总是盯着小孩子，否则他们可能会迷路．【解答】so所以，表示因果，but但是，表示转折，or或者，否则，表示选择，and和，并且，表示顺承；"祈使句+or+简单句"是一种固定句式，or的意思是"否则"．结合预测句意"父母应该总是盯着小孩子，否则他们可能会迷路"可知，要用固定句式"祈使句+or+简单句"，其它选项语意不通，也不符合语法．故选：C．【点评】考查连词．要根据连词的含义和用法，进行比较，找出正确答案．22．（1分）Don't touch that wire with a wet hand．We ______ always be careful with electricity．（）A．need B．can C．must D．may【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】不要用湿的手去触碰电线．我们必须时刻小心电．【解答】A need 需要；B can 能；C must 必须；D may 可能．根据常识及句意，我们不能用湿的手去触碰电线，我们在生活中必须时刻小心电线．表示必要或很重要的，用情态动词must．故选：C．【点评】辨析每个选项的词义，结合语境判断对应的答案．23．（1分）With China's support，the first﹣ever image of a black hole ______ on 10th April，2019．（）A．was released B．were releasedC．are released D．is released【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】在中国的支持下，有史以来第一张黑洞图片于2019年4月10日发布．【解答】主语the first﹣ever image of a black hole 与动词release之间是被动关系，根据on 10th April，2019可知用一般过去时的被动语态，由be（was，were）+过去分词构成，主语是三人称单数，be动词用was．故选：A．【点评】考查时态和语态，做题时要先分析句子结构，根据题干内容来确定句子的时态；再分析主语与谓语动词之间的关系，确定语态；最后根据主语来确定谓语的具体形式．24．（1分）A total of 254 students ______ from New York University Shanghai by last year．（）A．graduate B．graduatedC．has graduated D．had graduated【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】到去年为止，上海纽约大学总共已经毕业254名学生．【解答】根据by last year，可知是过去完成时的标志，动词结构是had+过去分词．故选：D．【点评】熟悉过去完成时的用法，结合题意，给出答案．25．（1分）Once you make a decision，you'd better ________ your mind from time to time．（）A．not change B．don't changeC．not to change D．not changing【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】一旦你做了决定，你最好不要改变你的想法．【解答】根据you'd better，可知考查had better not do sth最好不做某事．固定用法．故选：A．【点评】熟悉动词固定搭配的用法，结合题意，给出答案．26．（1分）The manager often suggests ________ on both sides of the paper in order to save resources．（）A．write B．writes C．writing D．to write【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】为了节约资源，经理经常建议在纸的两面都写字．【解答】根据suggests，可知suggest doing sth建议做某事．固定用法．故选：C．【点评】熟悉动名词的用法，结合题意，给出答案．27．（1分）________ helpful advice you gave us on protecting ourselves yesterday．（）A．How B．What C．What a D．What an【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】关于保护我们自己，你昨天给我们提了多么有用的建议啊！【解答】在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据helpful advice you gave us 可知句型结构为：What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语动词！，句中advice是不可数名词．故选：B．【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合感叹句的构成准确作答．28．（1分）Don't forget to take your passport with you ________you leave for the airport．（）A．after B．before C．while D．until【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】在你动身去机场前，不要忘记随身带上你的护照．【解答】A after 在…之后；B before 在…之前；C while 当…时；D until 直到．根据句意，前文表示"不要忘记随身带上你的护照"，后文表示"你动身去机场"，可知，是在去机场前不要忘记带上护照，所以空格处填before．故选：B．【点评】辨析每个选项的词义，结合语境判断的答案．29．（1分）Do you know ________ my mail will be received by my friend in New York？（）A．how long B．how soon C．how often D．how far【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】你知道我的邮件还有多久会被我在纽约的朋友收到吗？【解答】how long 多长时间，答语通常是for +一段时间，如：for three days/weeks/months 等时间段；how soon还要要多久"，常对将来的时间提问，其答语通常是"in+一段时间"；how often 多久一次，回答一般是表频率的短语；how far多远，一般针对距离提问；根据will be received结合语境可知应该用how soon．故选：B．【点评】本题考查疑问词的辨析，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答案．30．（1分）﹣Would you like me to show you the way to operate the new camera？﹣________．（）A．That's very kind of youB．Yes，I'd like toC．No problemD．Not at all【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】你想让我告诉你操作新相机的方法吗？是的，我想．【解答】A你真是太好了，B是的，我想，C没问题，D一点也不；根据前句句意"你想让我告诉你操作新相机的方法吗？"可知，要回答"是的，我想"，其它选项语意不通，也不符合英语交际习惯．故选：B．【点评】考查情景对话，要根据所表达的内容，用正确的单词和短语、恰当的句型和准确的时态．31．（1分）﹣﹣﹣________．﹣﹣﹣Sorry，but I cannot make it today．（）A．I often go to the concert at weekendsB．Thanks a lot for your supportC．Make yourself at homeD．Let's go out for dinner tonight【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】﹣我们今天晚上出去吃饭吧．﹣抱歉，我今天不行．【解答】A：我经常在周末去听音乐会；B项：非常感谢您的支持；C项：别拘束；D项：我们今天晚上出去吃饭吧．根据答语"抱歉，我今天不行"可知选择"我们今天晚上出去吃饭吧"．故选：D．【点评】情景交际的考查是英语考试中的重点，做此类题型首先要理解各个选项中句子的含义，然后结合具体语境选择合适的答语．III. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once （将下列单词填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）32．（4分）Paper cutting can be seen in many parts of China during the Spring Festival．Perhaps the art of paper cutting in China dates back to the second（1）B．A thousand years ago，paper cutting was used for decoration．According to history books，（2）E in the Tang Dynasty used paper cut as headdress．In the Song Dynasty，it was used to decorate gifts．People （3）C paper cut on windows or doors or use them to make walls，mirrors or lanterns morebeautiful．Paper cutting is all made by hand．Simple patterns can be cut with a knife．For complicated（复杂的）patterns，people（4）A drew the patterns on the paper and then used various kinds of knives to cut them out．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】短文介绍了中国的剪纸艺术，包括剪纸的历史，手工剪纸的方法等．【解答】（1）B．考查名词．根据Perhaps the art of paper cutting in China dates back to the second__．也许中国的剪纸艺术可以追溯到第二___．结合选项可知是"第二世纪"，century 世纪，the second修饰单数名词．故选B．（2）E．考查名词．根据___in the Tang Dynasty used paper cut as headdress．唐代的__用剪纸做头饰．结合选项可知是"唐代的女人"．woman女人，复数women．故选E．（3）C．考查动词．根据People __ paper cut on windows or door…人们把剪纸___在窗户或门上……，结合选项可知是"粘贴在门上"，stick 粘贴，过去式stuck．故选C．（4）A．考查副词．根据and then used various kinds of knives to cut them out结合选项可知"人们首先在纸上画出图案"，first副词，首先．故选A．【点评】阅读文章，把握文意，结合上下文，根据句意判断空格处的词义，根据句中的相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后最好检查一遍，看文意是否通顺．33．（4分）Paper cutting has various styles in different parts of China．It covers nearly all topics，such as flowers，birds，animals and so on．In the past，women living in the countryside worked （1）D in their free time to make paper﹣cutting．As society develops，fewer and fewer peoplelearn this skill．At present，there are （2）A for paper cutting in China．Exhibitions are held（3）E and books about this art form are published．Paper cutting has（4）B froma form of decoration to a kind of art．At the same time，paper cutting also appears in cartoons，on stages，in magazines and in TV series．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】短文主要介绍了中国的剪纸画艺术，其表现形式和发展过程．【解答】（1）D，考查副词，由下文的their free time to make paper﹣cutting可知，在过去，生活在乡下的女性在闲暇时间一起制作剪纸画，使用副词together"一起"，修饰谓语。