动词现在分词作表语,定语和宾补
动词–ing 形式作表语，定语和宾补
一、动词-ing形式作表语：
1、常用来说明主语的具体内容,主语和表语的位置可以互换。
译：他的工作是在当地的一间中学教化学。
2、表示主语所具有的性质、特征等。
译：不论我什么时候遇到困难，老师的话都极具感召力。
我们在那家工厂所看到的情况令人震惊。
二、动词-ing形式作定语:
1、动词-ing形式作定语时，单个词常常放在被修饰词的前边，短语则放在被修饰词的后面。Ving说明被修饰名词的用途时, 通常可以改为for短语；Ving说明被修饰名词发出的的动作时，可以转换成对应的定语从句。
Explain the phrases or setences in English: a sleeping car =
a swimming pool = a swimming fish =
a sleeping baby = a sleeping bag =
a barking dog =
Students wishing to go hiking should sigh their names here. =
2、要注意现在分词做定语与过去分词，不定式作定语的区别：
（1）现在分词作定语表示一个主动的，正在进行的动作。
（2）及物动词的过去分词作定语表示一个被动的，已完成的动作。
（3）现在分词的被动语态（being+过去分词）作定语表示一个被动的，正在进行的动作。
（4）不定式作定语表示一个将要发生的动作。
用动词的适当形式填空：
1) The new No. 1 Middle School (build) is to be completed in a couple of years.
2) The woman (speak) with Tom is his mother.
3) The computer center, (build) last term, is very popular among the students.
4) The patient (examine) next is waiting outside,
5) The texts (learn) this term is still remembered clearly.
6)T h e b u i l d i n g(s e t)u p l a s t y e a r n o w i s o u r l i b r a r y.
7)T h e b u i l d i n g(s e t)u p n o w w i l l b e o u r n e w c o m p a n y.
8)T h e b u i l d i n g(s e t)u p n e x t y e a r w i l l b e o u r n e w c o m p a n y.
9)T h e r e w a s a n o l d t e m p l e(s t a n d)a t t h e t o p o f t h e h i l l.
10)T h e r e w a s a n o l d m a n(l i v e)i n t h e v i l l a g e.
11)H e w a s t h e f i r s t p e r s o n(c o m e)t o t h e c l a s s r o o m t h i s m o r n i n g.
12)T h e o n l y t h i n g(g e t)i s t h e d i a m o n d n e c k l a c e.
13)T h e(s u r p r i s e)n e w s m a d e u s(s u r p r i s e).
14)T h e(i n t e r e s t)m a n,C h a p l i n,i n t e r e s t e d u s a l l.
15)T h e r e a p p e a r e d a(w o r r y)l o o k o n h i s f a c e.
16)S h e t r i e d t o h i d e h e r(d i s s a t i s f y)e x p r e s s i o n i n p u b l i c.
17)The boy is wearing a tiger mask, so he is looking (frighten).
18)译：falling leaves fallen leaves
boiling water boiled water
三．动词-ing形式做宾语补足语。
动词-ing形式主要用于以下三类动词后构成宾语补足语：
1．感观动词+名词+Ving （表示该动作正在进行）
感观动词有:
译：我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。
突然我注意到她正站在外边。
你听见有人在哭吗？
我听见他敲了三次门。
你看见有两个穿着白衣裳的人站在你身旁吗？
2、have, get, leave, keep，等使役动词或状态动词后接Ving 作宾语补足语，表示使….处于某种状态。
译：对不起，让你久等。
他们关上门，走了，留下火在燃烧。
3、表示致使的动词：set, start, send 后接Ving表示令….正在….
译：他的话让我开始思考。
4、with + n. + doing sth, + 句子
译：由于那噪音一直在继续着，我无法专心做我的作业。
有当地的一个村民当我们的导游，我们就不难到处诳诳了。
5、现在分词与过去分词与省略t o的不定式作宾语补足语的区别：
w h o m f l n s（宾语补足语动词）+s b d o(表示主动的经常性动作或动作的全过程已完成)
+s b d o i n g s t h.（正在进行/持续进行的动作）
+s t h d o n e（被动的动作）
1）H a v e y o u(h e a r)t h i s s o n g(s i n g)b e f o r e?
2）S h e w a s s u r p r i s e d t o f i n d t h e h o u s e(b r e a k)i n t o w h e n s h e w e n t b a c k h o m e.
3）U n f o r t u n a t e l y,h e g o t h i s w a l l e t(s t e a l)o n t h e b u s.
4）W e a r e i n t e r e s t e d i n h e a r i n g h i m(t e l l)u s t h e n e w s.
5）H e w o n’t h a v e u s(c r i t i c i z e)h i m.
6）I t’s a b a d h a b i t t o l e a v e t h e w o r k(u n d o).
7）Y e s t e r d a y I c a u g h t h i m(t a k e)m y d i c t i o n a r y w h e n I w e n t i n t o t h e c l a s s r o o m.
用非谓语动词把以下句子改为简单句或含有非谓语动词的复合句：
1.The girl is sitting at the back of the classroom; she is my seatmate.
2.The meeting will be held tomorrow; it is very important.
3.The poem was written by Shakespeare. Have you ever read it?
4.The bird flu is sweeping through Asia. It has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far.
5.What worried me most was that I would not be allowed to go abroad alone.
6.We lived in a room that faced the south.
Keys:
一、1. His job is teaching chemistry in a local middle school.
2. The teacher’s words were greatly inspiring whenever I met with difficulties.
What we saw in the factory was astonishing.
二、2．1) being built 2) speaking 3) built 4) to be examined 5) learnt 6) set
7) being set 8) to be set 9) standing 10) living 11) to come 12) to get
13) surprising, surprised 14) interesting 15) worried 16) dissatisfied
17) frightening 18) 正在飘落的叶子，已落下的叶子；正沸腾的水，沸腾过的水
三、1. I feel an ant climbing on my leg.
I noticed her standing outside.
Do you hear someone crying?
I heard him knock at the door three times.
Can you see two men dressed in white standing near you?
2. I’m sorry for keeping you waiting so long!
They closed the door and went away, leaving the fire burning.
3. His words started me thinking.
4. I couldn’t focus on my homework with all that noise going on.
With a native villager acting as our guide, we had no trouble getting around.
5. 1) heard, sung 2) broken 3) stolen 4) telling 5) critizing 6) undone
7) taking
改写句子：
1.The girl sitting at the back of the classroom is my seatmate.
2.The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.
3.Have you ever read the poem written by Shakespeare?
4.The bird flu sweeping through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far.
5.What worried me most was my not being allowed to go abroad alone.
6.We lived in a room facing the south.
非谓语动词作宾补
非谓语动词作宾补 考点一感官动词see/ watch /observe/look at/hear/listen to/ notice等和使役动词have 后面的宾补。分两种情况： （一）当宾语与宾补存在逻辑上的主动关系时，动词原形 （省略to的不定式）表完成；doing表主动正在进行； （二）当宾语与宾补存在逻辑上的被动关系时，done与宾语 表示完成或没有一定的时间性；being done 表示正在进行。如： 1 I heard her sing an English song just now . 刚才我听到她唱 了一首英文歌。 2 I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday . 昨天经过她房间时，我听到她在唱一首英文歌曲。 3 I heard an English song being sung when I passed by her room yesterday . 昨天经过她房间时，我听到她在唱一首英文歌曲。 4 I’d like to see my plan carried out . 我想看到这个计划被执行。 注意：不及物动词的过去分词表示完成或状态I looked down at my necklace and found my necklace gone . 对应练习: When I passed by the hall , I heard the clock ___ twelve . A strike B stuck C sticking D to strick 用动词的适当形式填空：At that moment I saw him ____________ (cross) the street . I was glad to see the children well ____________ (take) care of . 考点二let的复合结构：1 Let + 宾语+ do 让...做... 2 Let + 宾语+ be + done 让...被... 例如：Don’t let your child p lay with matches . Let the work be done immediately . 考点三leave 的复合结构，意为：使。。。处于某种状态 1 leave sb doing sth 让某人一直... （宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主动关系，表示动作正在进行） 2 leave sb to do sth 留下某人去做某事 （宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主动关系，不定式动作表将来） 3 leave sth to be done 留下某事要做 （宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的被动关系，不定式表将来被动） 4 leave sth undone 留下某事未作（ 宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的被动关系， 表示被动和完成。常见的宾补动词有undone/unfinished/unsettled/untouched等） It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running He left , leaving me to do all the work . We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving our problems to be settled . The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious .
过去分词作宾语补足语 学案
过去分词作宾语补足语 概念引入 上个单元我们学习了过去分词作表语和定语的用法。现在我们继续学习过去分词作宾语补足语。看这些句子： 1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. 2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government. 3. You find most of the population settled in the south. 4. They found the window broken. 5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line. 这些句子中的黑体部分都是过去分词作宾语补足语。 用法讲解 宾语补足语是同学们学习英语的一个小难点，许多同学都弄不清到底什么是宾语补足语，它的作用是什么，所以我们今天就从宾语补足语讲起，重点讲解过去分词作宾语补足语的内容。 什么是宾语补足语 英语中一些动词除需要一个宾语外，还需有宾语补足语句子意义才完整，这样就构成了英语的六种基本句型（见【补充】）中的“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型。宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。可作补足语的结构有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。宾语和其宾语补足语也被称为复合结构。 1. 作补足语的词语： 1）We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。 （名词短语作宾语补足语，相当于省略了to be） 2）I find learning English difficult. 我发现学英语很难。 （形容词作宾语补足语） 3）I saw the kite up and down. 我看见风筝飞上飞下。 （副词作宾语补足语） 4）When he woke up, he found himself in a strange place. 他醒来时发现自己在一个陌生的地方。 （介词短语作宾语补足语） 5）Tom made the girl cry. 汤姆把女孩弄哭了。 (省略不定式符号to的动词不定式） 6）The father found his son playing in his room. 父亲发现儿子在房间里玩。 （动词-ing形式做宾语补足语） 7）The soft music makes us relaxed. 这首柔美的音乐使我们放松了。 （过去分词作宾语补足语） 【补充】英语的六种基本句型： 英语的最基本的句型有6种，其他的句子都是由这6种句型转换来的。
过去分词作定语表语练习题(含答案)
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不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的区别
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过去分词作定语表语练习题
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分词作宾语补足语
分词 分词作宾语补足语。 1．现在分词和过去分词都可以作宾语补足语。 在5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）；3使（make, let, have）；2听（listen to, hear）；1感觉（fell）。，此外find, catch, keep, have .I heard a girl crying next door. I heard someone knocking at the door. He kept me waiting for a long time. I saw Tom entering the room. I found my key lost. I found the boy beaten black and blue. He made himself understood. John will get his room painted. Exercises1: 1) I heard my name ________________ ( call). 2) His voice was too low to make himself ________________(hear) . 3) We found the eggs_________________( eat) by the snake. 4) You’d better have/get your hair ______________ ( cut). 5) I had my left arm________________(break) yesterday. ExercisesII: 141. She was glad to see her child well __________. A. take care of B. taken care of C. taken care D. taking care of 142. Why do you stand and watch the milk __________. A. boiling B. boiled C. from boiling D. having been boiled 143. I’ve heard him __________ about you often. A. spoke B. speaking C. speak D. to speak 144. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word __________. A. speaking B. spoken C. speak D. being spoken 145. Walking along the river, we heard someone __________ for help. A. shouting B. shout C. shouted D. having shouted 146. I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart __________. A. jumping B. beating C. bumping D. knocking 147. ---“Do you smell anything unusual?” ---“Yes. I can smell something __________.” A. burning B. is burning C. having burnt D. burn 148. Why do you have the water __________ all the time? A. ran B. to be running C. running D. being running 149. Ellen was absent this morning because she had her tooth __________. A. filling B. having been filled C. filled D. full 150. I can’t ______ you running up and down all day long. A. permit B. let C. have D. allow 151. Is there anything you want from town? I’m going to get __________. A. those letters mailed B. mailed letters C. to mailed those letters D. those letters mail 152. The teacher got the students __________ all the words they didn’t know. A. looked up B. looking in C. to look up D. look at 153. What did the school master want __________ to the noisy children? A. doing B. to do C. done D. did
过去分词作定语与表语
概念引入 今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。先看下面这些句子： 1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. (inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语) 2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. (terrified过去分词作定语) 3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. (interested 过去分词作表语) 4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. (affected过去分词作定语) 5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语） 6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. (polluted过去分词作定语) 上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。 用法讲解 过去分词的作用 英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为：不定式（to do）、动词-ing形式（doing）和过去分词（done）。 动词-ing形式可分为现在分词和动名词：现在分词强调动作，如a sleeping boy中的sleeping强调“睡觉”这一动作，而且此动作正在进行，与所修饰词boy有逻辑上的主谓关系（即sleeping的动作是boy做的），因此是现在分词作定语；而a sleeping bag中的sleeping强调功能，表示“用来睡觉的”，是动名词作定语。 过去分词多表示动作的被动和完成，但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作，而不表示“被 动”意义。 本单元主要学习过去分词作表语和定语。 1. 与助动词一起构成谓语：
宾补：对宾语补足语还犯糊涂的,抓紧看
宾语补足语（Object complement)用法归纳 概念：英语中含有某些意义的动词跟了宾语后句子仍不完整，还须要一个补足成分，这种补足成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语是句子的主要成分，这样的句型为：主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语。 由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的类属、性质、状态等意义；由非谓语动词即不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的动作。 1. 名词做宾补的 make, name, call, think, consider, choose, wish, find, elect 例句： We made him our monitor. She found him a very clever boy. They call her XiaoZhang. 2. 跟形容词做宾补 believe, think, get, keep, make, find, set, like, wish, see, consider, prove, have, leave, paint, drive, turn, cut 例句：
You should keep your classroom clean. I found the movie very interesting. The noise drives me mad. I found the dog dead. 3. 动词不定式（红色动词后的 to 需省略） advise, allow, ask, cause, expect, force, get, help, invite, order, remind, request, require, teach, tell, train, want, warn, wish, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, smell, taste, observe, have, make, let, allow, beg, drive, encourage, forbid, permit, persuade 例句： They asked me to get there on time. Nobody heard him cry for help. I often see the boys play basketball after school. The teacher made him stay. Let's go. 4.现在分词做宾补 keep, mind, prevent, remember, stop, start, smell, excuse, send, see, hear, watch , notice smell, taste, feel, observe, have, get, set, leave 例句： Do you hear someone knocking at the door?
过去分词作宾补
Grammar Unit2 过去分词作宾补 过去分词作宾补用法归纳 英语中过去分词可作宾补，即：过去分词放在宾语（名词或代词）后面作补语，构成复合宾语，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。 1）表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, find, hear, feel, notice, 等。 ①We saw the thief caught by the police. ②People found the water polluted. ③Have you heard a pop song sung in English? ④I heard my name called. ⑤The rich man felt himself cheated. ⑥We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops. 我们可以听到大雨敲打窗户的声音。 ⑦I observed all the rooms broken into. 注意：see, hear, watch, notice 等动词后既可以加v-ing 也可以用do（不带to的不定式）,还可以跟done，但三者之间有区别: 用v-ing 表示动作正在发生,即发生的过程还没有结束; 用do强调动作发生的全过程，即动作全过程结束了,用done 表示宾语与宾补之间时被动的关系 ①I saw her come into the classroom.我看到他进了教室。 ②I saw her coming into the classroom.我看他正在走进教室。 ③I saw her taken out of the classroom.我看到她被带出了教室。 2）表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get等。 如：make sth. done:让……被…… make oneself done. 让某人自己被…….或( 让别人……) get sth. done have sth. done 温馨提示： 让某人做某事:have sb. do sth./ get sb. to do sth. ①We have made our views known to them.我们已经使他们知道了我们 的观点。 ②As he knows very little English, he finds it difficult to make himself understood. ③I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。 ④He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 ⑤They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English. ⑥we will make ourselves understood in one day.
现在分词做宾语补足语
现在分词做宾语补足语 现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，其结构为： 主语+谓语+宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)。使用此结构要特别注意： 句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主动关系，并不是所有的动词都可以跟宾语加现在分词作宾语补足语。掌握现在分词作宾语补足语的结构要注意下面的五点。 一、感官动词+宾语+现在分词，现在分词做宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行。例如： He saw her working in the garden.他看见她正在花园里干活。 分析： “He”在句子中做主语，“saw”作谓语，“her”作宾语，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子，working in the garden宾语补足语。 I heard a bell ring.我听见铃在响。 I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉到风吹着我的脸。 高中范围内，适用于“感官动词+宾语+现在分词”的结构，现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有： feel，find，hear，notice，observe，see，watch等。 在listen to和look at后面也可跟宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)。例如： Sometimes she would listen to him playing the saxophone.有时她会听他吹奏萨克斯管。 She looked at him waiting there.她瞧着他等在那里。 二、使役动词+宾语+现在分词，现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语。例如： His question has set me thinking.他的问题让我深思。
过去分词作定语表语练习题(含答案)
过去分词专题练习 Ⅰ.分析下列划线部分的用法（过去分词做定语，表语以及被动） 1. The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 2. This supermarket is now closed. 3. The blackboard was broken by Tom. 4. She had a worried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5. He looked interested in the idea I put forward. 6. The machine produced last year(= which were produced last year) are very expensive. Ⅱ. Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1. The animal and plants that they found there were ___________ (astonish) 2. I was___________(astonish) to learn that his long lost child had been found. 3. The ___________ news made us ___________.(disappoint) 4. The ___________ mother went to visit Einstein. (puzzle) 5. Madame Curie found husband’s death ___________ .(shock) 6. I saw the boy very ___________ (excite) 7. _________(encourage), the girl was determined to study harder and make greater progress. 8. Be brave. You look like a___________ bird (frighten)（惊弓之鸟） 9. The fierce lion looks __________(frighten). Keep away from its cage or it will attack you. 10. The look on her face was very ___________ (confuse) . Ⅲ. Fill the form with V-ed 1. The book ___________________ (一本农民写的书) is very popular. 2. The building _____________(去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3. The problem ____________________(在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve. 4. The window _________________________(被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired 5. The children ________________________(昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill. 6. The people _________________(暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt. 7. The boy __________________________(受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student. 8. The water ___________________________(送到他家的水) carried disease. 9. The English today is quite different from the English ______________(300年前所说的). 10. Most of the artists_________________ (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa. 11. The students ___________________(受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. Ⅳ. 基础单选题 1. Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the _______soldiers. A. wound B. wounded C. wounding D. being wounded 2. Lily seems very much___________ in the magazine, but I think it’s too expensive. A. interested B. interesting C. to interest D. to be interesting 3. All the passengers should remain___________ when the plane is making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. to be seating D. seated 4. After her journey from Australia, Sophie Armstrong returned home, ___________ A. being exhausted B. exhausting C. exhausted D. having exhausted
过去分词作定语和表语
M5 u1 Grammar Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative Learning aims: Understand the usages of Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative Important point: using Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative Learning guidance: 阅读课本第5 页内容，自学《南方新课堂》，完成预习案 ［知识梳理］过去分词作定语和表语 1.过去分词概述：动词的过去分词也称为动词的ed形式，是非谓语动词形式之一。过去分词只强调被动 和完成的意义。
【合作探究】专题训练 Ⅰ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1．The ____________ (steal)bike was ____________(find) by the police yesterday. 2．The student ____________(dress) in white is my daughter. 3．The novel ____________(write) by him is very popular with the students. 4．The electric wire is __________(break)． 5．He became ____________(discourage) at the failure of the exam. 6．He is an ____________ (honour) teacher and we all like to attend his class. 7．The ______________(pollute) river should be protected from pollution. 8．The building ____________(build) now is our classroom building. 9．When we heard of the news，we were deeply ____________(move)． 10．They were ____________(frighten) to hear the ____________(frighten) sound. Ⅱ.补全句子 1．一座桥把这个岛屿与大陆连接起来,这个岛屿很容易过去。 The island,________________________________________________________________, is easy to go to. 2．从烹饪锅中救出的珍稀鱼已经被放回到了海里。 The rare fish，___________________________________________，has been returned to the sea. 3．于1911年创立的清华大学培育出了很多杰出而优秀的人物。 Tsinghua University,_______________________________________________,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 4．预计从全国挑选出来的队员在今年夏天的比赛中会给我们带来荣誉。 The players_____________________________________________________ are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 5．在四月份，成千上万的度假者因为火山灰云而滞留在国外。 In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained ___________________________________ due to the volcanic ash cloud. 6．怀特太太给她的学生们看一些从图书馆里借来的旧地图。 Mrs.White showed her students some old maps ______________________________________. 7．我打电话的目的是询问一下刊登在昨日的《中国日报》上的职位的问题。