英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)
英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类 1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Throughout much of human history, man has been the measure of many, if not all, things. Lengths were divided up into feet and smaller units from the human hand. Other measures were equally characteristic. Mediterranean traders for centuries used the weight of grains of wheat to define (定义) their units of mass. The Romans used libra, forerunner of the pound, by referring to the weight of a carob (角豆树) seed. The sizes of similarly named units could also differ. The king's foot, used in France for nearly 1, 000 years after its introduction by Charlemagne in around 790 AD, was, at 32.5cm, around a centimeter shorter than the Belgic foot, used in England until 1300.Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a few kilos, Nor was there agreement on such things within countries. In France, where there was no unified (统一的) measurement system at the national level, the situation was particularly terrible. The lieue (former measure of distance), for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to nearly 6 km in the south. Although John Wilkins, an Englishman, first put forward a decimal system (十进制) of measurement in 1668, it was the French who in 1799 made it law. The Système International d'Unités (SI, or the metric system, as it is better known) developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States. Now the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Paris is set to give the metric system its biggest shake-up yet. At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 16th, 2018, the world's measurement bodies are almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base SI units, including the kilogram, will follow the other three, including the metre, in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants (物理常数).Each of the chosen constants has been measured incredibly precisely, which would mean that from May 20th 2019 the constants will themselves be fixed at their current values for ever. Any laboratory in the world will then be able to measure, for example, the mass of an object as precisely as the accuracy of their equipment will allow. （1）What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A.Pound went before libra in measurement. B.Different things used to be adopted as measures. C.Grains were accepted as measures by the Romans. D.Fixed measurement systems were gradually formed. （2）How does the author develop the second paragraph? A.In time order. B.By analysis. C.In space order. D.By comparison. （3）Which of the following countries used SI as an official measurement? A.France. B.Liberia. C.America. D.Myanmar. （4）What will the world's measurement bodies achieve at the meeting held in Versailles? A.They will come up with seven new SI units. B.They will set May 20th as a new international festival. C.They will redefine four SI units including the kilogram. D.They will decide on a new measure used in the laboratory. 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）A （4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，法国凡尔赛宫举办的国际计量大会，将对目前使用的国际单位制中的四个基本单位进行重新定义，其中包括对千克的重新定义。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“man has been the measure of many, if not all, things ”以及下文提到的用作计量单位的手、脚、谷物重量和参考角豆种子重量的磅可知，本段主要讲述了不同的东西被用作计量单位。故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The king's foot ...around a centimetre shorter than the Belgic foot”和“Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a few kilos,以及The lieue (former measure of distance), for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to nearly 6 km in the south”可推知，本段作者主要运用了对比的写作方法，把同一计量单位在不同国家之间或者在同一国家不同区域间的差异进行了说明。故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“it was the French who in 1799 made it law和The Système International d'Unités (SI, or the metric system, as it is better known)developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States ”可知，在所给出的四个国家中，只有法国采用国际单位制(SI)。国际单位制是现时世界上最普遍采用的标准度量衡单位系统，采用十进制进位系统。故选A。 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 16th, 2018, the world's measurement bodies are almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base SI units...will follow the other three...in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants”可知，在法国凡尔赛宫召开的会议上，七个基本计量单位中的四个将被重新定义，其中包括对千克的重新定义。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
高考英语二轮复习 专项训练 阅读理解(科普环保)含解析
高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解(科普环保)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A team of international scientists is due to set off for the world's biggest iceberg in a mission aiming to answer fundamental questions about the impact of climate change in the polar regions. The scientists, led by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), are trying to reach a newly revealed ecosystem that had been hidden for 120,000 years below the Larsen C ice shelf.Last year, part of the Larsen C ice shelf calved (崩解) away, forming a huge iceberg-A68—which is four times bigger than London, and revealing life beneath for the first time. Now scientists say it is a race against time to explore these new ecosystems before they are transformed to the light. Marine biologist Dr Katrin Linse from the BAS is leading the mission."The calving of A68 provides us with a unique opportunity to study marine life as it responds to a huge environment change," she said. "It is important that we get there quickly before the undersea environment changes as sunlight enters the water."Professor David Vaughan, science director at the BAs, said, "We need to be bold (大胆的) on this one. Larsen C is a long way south and there's lots of sea ice in the area, but this is important science, so we will try our best to get the team where they need to be. He said climate change had already affected the sea around Antarctica and is warming some coastal waters. "Future warming may make some habitats warm. Where these habitats support unique species that are adapted to love the cold and not the warm, those species are going to either move or die."There is growing concern about the possible impact of climate change in the Antarctic. Earlier this month, a report revealed that melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are speeding up the already fast pace of the sea level rise. The research, published by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine, said, "At the current rate, the world's ocean will be, on average, at least 60cm higher by the end of the century." However, it found that the process is accelerating, and more than three quarters of the acceleration since 1993 is due to melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, the study shows.（1）Why are the scientists eager to go to the iceberg?A. To study how the iceberg was formed.B. To study a newly discovered ecosystem.C. To explore a new way to prevent climate change.D. To explore the geography of the Larsen C ice shelf.（2）What do the underlined words "this one" in the fourth paragraph refer to?A. The Larsen C ice shelf.B. Climate change in Antarctica.C. The A68 iceberg with the ecosystem beneath it.D. The condition of animal species in Antarctica.（3）What can we learn about the A68 iceberg from the text?A. It is as big as London.B. It is part of an ice shelf in the Arctic.C. It will disappear in a very short time.D. It has uncovered an unknown ecosystem in Antarctica.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. There is no need to worry about climate change in Antarctica.B. The ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are melting at a steady rate.C. Many creatures living in deep water will die out due to climate change.D. By 2100, the sea level will have risen to a much higher level than now.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，南极地区的拉森C冰架崩解形成了一座巨大的冰山A68 iceberg。
【英语】高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
【英语】高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。
An international team of researchers from the University of Oxford have found that the way people use the Internet is closely tied to the seasonal movements in the natural world. Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations (迁徙).Migratory birds (候鸟) flood back to where they reproduce every spring. That migratory behavior is accompanied by some human behavior. "In English-language Wikipedia (维基百科), the online searches for migratory species tend to increase in spring when those birds arrive in the United States," said the lead author John Mittermeier.And not just birds. Mittermeier and his team surveyed nearly 2.5 billion Wikipedia search records, for 32,000 species, across 245 languages. They also saw variable search rates for insects, horsetails and flowering plants. Seasonal trends seemed to be widespread in Wikipedia behavior for many species of plants and animals.This finding suggests new ways to monitor changes in the world's biological diversity. It also shows new ways to see how much people care about nature, and which species and areas might be the most effective targets for conservation.Mittermeier is encouraged by the search results. He commented, "I think there's a concern among conservationists (生态环境保护者) that people are losing touch with the natural world and that they're not interacting with native species anymore. And so in that sense, it was really exciting and quite unexpected for me to see people's Wikipedia interest closely related to changes in nature."Richard Grenyer, Associate Professor from the University of Oxford, says search data is useful to conservation biologists, "By using these big data approaches, we can direct our attention towards the difficult questions in modern conservation: which species and areas are changing, and where are the people who care the most and can do the most to help."（1）What have researchers found about species searches?A.They strengthen ties among people.B.They affect the animal movements.C.They differ in language backgrounds.D.They reflect animal migration seasons.（2）What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 3?A.To summarize the research process.B.To further support the research findings.C.To show the variety of species searches.D.To present researchers' heavy work load.（3）How does Mittermeier feel about the search results?A.Satisfied with Wikipedia's service.B.Worried about Wikipedia behavior.C.Amazed at people's care about nature.D.Sad about people's not getting close to nature.（4）Why does Richard think such search data is useful?A.It helps to aim at conservation targets.B.It increases interest in big data approaches.C.It keeps track of trends in biologists' work.D.It pushes people to solve difficult problems.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，牛津大学的一个国际研究小组发现，人们使用互联网的方式与自然界的季节性运动密切相关。
【英语】高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项训练100(附答案)含解析
【英语】高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项训练100(附答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解News anchors(主播) must have been reluctant to read out the following news: Xin Xiaomeng began working as the world's first female artificial(人工的) intelligence news anchor at Xinhua News Agency on Sunday, three months after a male robot joined the profession.Unlike previous news robots though, Xin does not read news like a cold machine; she reads it almost like a human being. The muscles on her face stretch and relax-and her reactions change-as she continues reading. That's why many news anchors were worried: Will AI replace us in the near future?To find the answer, we have to analyse the technologies that support Xin at her job. Three key technologies are used to support Xin. First, samples of human voices are collected and synthesized (合成). This is followed by the collection and synthesis of human muscle movement samples. And third the voices and movements are married in a way that when the Al news anchor reads, the micro -electric motors behind her face move to make her expressions seem more human.Yet we need a thorough knowledge of deep leaning technology to make a robot imitate a person's voice. The developer needs to collect tens of thousands of pieces of pronunciations, input them into the machine and match them with the text or the Al to lean and read. The process for imitating facial movements is similar. The developer has to analyse the movements of the 53 muscles in the human face, make a model set from the collected data for the AI news anchor to lean, and imitate the movements of facial muscles via programsBoth the technologies used to make Xin's performance impressive are mature. The real difficulty lies in the third -the technology to match the pronunciations with facial movements so that Xin expressions vary according to the content of the news report. In fact, Xins expressions don't always change according to the content. As a result, her expressions look anything but human. Actually. AI is still no match for human qualities.（1）What does the underlined word "reluctant "in the first paragraph mean?A. Delighted.B. Unwilling.C. Confused.D. Optimistic.（2）What can we infer about previous news robots?A. They read news without expressions.B. They looked like a human beingC. They could interview sports starsD. They could interact with audience.（3）What do we know about the third technology?A. This technology is very perfect so farB. This technology is quite popular nowC. This technology remains at the theoretical stageD. This technology is far from mature.（4）From the last paragraph, we can draw a conclusion that____.A. human news anchors should learn from AT anchors to save their jobsB. Al anchors perform much better than human news anchors at presentC. Al news anchors won't replace human news anchors in the near futureD. Xin Xiaomeng s expressions vary so naturally that they are true to life【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，上周日，新华社新闻主播辛晓萌成为世界上第一位女性人工智能新闻主播，作者介绍了人工智能背后的技术，并指出在不久的将来，人工智能新闻主播不会取代人类新闻主播。
阅读理解(科普环保)练习题含答案及解析
阅读理解(科普环保)练习题含答案及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Supercomputers which can analyse blood samples and predict which patients are likely to become seriously ill could save tens of thousands of lives a year, it was revealed last night, according to The Daily Express.The artificial intelligence (AI) system, developed at University College London and set to be piloted in NHS hospitals later this year, will screen "at risk" patients so doctors can take early action to prevent death or serious illness. Prof Young, a consultant surgeon at Southend University Hospital, said: "I am so excited about this form of technology." Instead of people getting sick or dying because they are not picked up in time, this will allow us to step in earlier which will save lives and an enormous amount of money. "I think the potential of AI in healthcare like this is as big as the Industrial Revolution was—and signals a completely new example in the way we manage healthcare."The technology is the brainchild of Dr Vishal Nangalia, a consultant at the Royal Free Hospital in London. He used AI to analyse a billion stored blood samples from 20 different UK hospital trusts dating back up to 12 years. Computers assess blood test results by picking up subtle changes in red and white blood cells, suggesting a patient is going downhill.He found the technique forecast outcomes of patients with kidney problems with up to 95 per cent accuracy. Traditional methods highlighting serious patient concerns picked up as few as 16 percent of patients who went on to die. "This gives us the opportunity not only to save lives but to prevent serious illness, making the health service not only safer but more efficient." Prof Young said, "Instead of waiting for people to get worse, we will be able to treat them earlier."（1）What does the underlined phrase "screen" in Paragraph2 mean?A. comfortB. treatC. spotD. nurse（2）How do supercomputers help save lives?A. By storing blood samples.B. By analyzing patients' cases.C. By observing changes in blood cells.D. By assisting doctors with their operations.（3）Why did Professor Young mention the Industrial Revolution?A. To show the influence of AI.B. To stress the importance of health care.C. To introduce the topic of supercomputers.D. To present the achievement he has accomplished.（4）What do we know about the new technology?A. It helps patients recover earlier.B. It has helped save thousands of lives.C. It will promote the health service greatly.D. It is intended for patients with kidney diseases.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍超级计算机能够分析血样并预测哪些病人可能会患上重病，每年可以挽救数万人的生命。
高考英语二轮复习 专项训练 阅读理解(科普环保)及解析
高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解(科普环保)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A team of international scientists is due to set off for the world's biggest iceberg in a mission aiming to answer fundamental questions about the impact of climate change in the polar regions. The scientists, led by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), are trying to reach a newly revealed ecosystem that had been hidden for 120,000 years below the Larsen C ice shelf.Last year, part of the Larsen C ice shelf calved (崩解) away, forming a huge iceberg-A68—which is four times bigger than London, and revealing life beneath for the first time. Now scientists say it is a race against time to explore these new ecosystems before they are transformed to the light. Marine biologist Dr Katrin Linse from the BAS is leading the mission."The calving of A68 provides us with a unique opportunity to study marine life as it responds to a huge environment change," she said. "It is important that we get there quickly before the undersea environment changes as sunlight enters the water."Professor David Vaughan, science director at the BAs, said, "We need to be bold (大胆的) on this one. Larsen C is a long way south and there's lots of sea ice in the area, but this is important science, so we will try our best to get the team where they need to be. He said climate change had already affected the sea around Antarctica and is warming some coastal waters. "Future warming may make some habitats warm. Where these habitats support unique species that are adapted to love the cold and not the warm, those species are going to either move or die."There is growing concern about the possible impact of climate change in the Antarctic. Earlier this month, a report revealed that melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are speeding up the already fast pace of the sea level rise. The research, published by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine, said, "At the current rate, the world's ocean will be, on average, at least 60cm higher by the end of the century." However, it found that the process is accelerating, and more than three quarters of the acceleration since 1993 is due to melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, the study shows.（1）Why are the scientists eager to go to the iceberg?A. To study how the iceberg was formed.B. To study a newly discovered ecosystem.C. To explore a new way to prevent climate change.D. To explore the geography of the Larsen C ice shelf.（2）What do the underlined words "this one" in the fourth paragraph refer to?A. The Larsen C ice shelf.B. Climate change in Antarctica.C. The A68 iceberg with the ecosystem beneath it.D. The condition of animal species in Antarctica.（3）What can we learn about the A68 iceberg from the text?A. It is as big as London.B. It is part of an ice shelf in the Arctic.C. It will disappear in a very short time.D. It has uncovered an unknown ecosystem in Antarctica.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. There is no need to worry about climate change in Antarctica.B. The ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are melting at a steady rate.C. Many creatures living in deep water will die out due to climate change.D. By 2100, the sea level will have risen to a much higher level than now.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，南极地区的拉森C冰架崩解形成了一座巨大的冰山A68 iceberg。
(英语)英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项习题及答案解析及解析
（英语）英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项习题及答案解析及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解According to a recent study, a new genetically modified rice can prevent infections of HIV, the virus responsible for the disease AIDS.The study reports the newly-developed rice produces proteins that attach directly to the HIV virus. This process prevents the virus from mixing with human cells. The scientists say it can remove the effect of the virus and block its spreading.The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS reports that worldwide, nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017. The organization says the largest number of those are in developing countries. Nearly two-thirds of HIV cases are in Africa. Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral drug treatments to slow the progression of the disease.The new study predicts the rice-based method will lead to long-term use of the anti-HIV treatment across the developing world. Researchers said the "groundbreaking" discovery is "realistically the only way" that anti-HIV combination treatments can be produced at a cost low enough for the developing world.They say the easiest and most cost-effective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin. The HIV-fighting proteins can then enter the body through the skin. People all over the world could grow the rice and make the cream themselves. This would prevent the cost and travel required for many patients to receive treatments and medicine.The process of changing the genetic structure of food crops has been debated for some time. Critics of genetically engineered crops believe they can harm people. The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.（1）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?A. Stress the urgency of HIV treatments.B. Provide some data about HIV.C. Remind readers of HIV prevention.D. Introduce HIV to the public.（2）In which way will the rice be used at the lowest cost?A. By transforming it into proteins.B. By adding it to an oral drug.C. By attaching it to the HIV virus.D. By processing it into a cream.（3）What can we infer about the genetic engineering process?A. It can prevent infections of HIV.B. It can produce dangerous chemicals.C. It still requires perfecting.D. It applies to the developed world.（4）From which is the text probably taken?A. A biology textbook.B. A health magazine.C. A social webpage.D. A first aid brochure.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家培育出可预防艾滋病病毒感染的转基因水稻。
2020年高考英语阅读理解科普环保类专练(附答案)
2020年高考英语阅读理解科普环保类专练（附答案）一、阅读理解（共10题；共82分）1.阅读理解Water is very important to living things. Without water there can be no life on the earth. All animals and plants need water. Man also needs water. We need water to drink, to cook our food and to clean ourselves. Water is needed in offices, factories and schools. Water is needed everywhere.There is water in seas, rivers and lakes. Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the desert part of the world, there is some water in the air. You can't see or feel it when it is a part of the air. The water in the seas, rivers and lakes is a liquid, the water in the air is a gas, and we call it water vapor (蒸汽).Clouds are made of water. They may be made of very small drops of water. They may also be made of snow crystals(结晶体). Snow crystals are very small crystals of ice. Ice is frozen water. It is a solid. There can be snow and ice everywhere in winter.Water may be a solid or a liquid or a gas. When it is a solid, it may be as hard as a stone. When it is a liquid, you can drink it. When it is a gas, you can not see or feel it.（1）Where can we find water?A. We can find water when it turns into vapor.B. Water can be found almost everywhere.C. We can find water in deserts here and there.D. Water is found only in seas and rivers.（2）Clouds are made of .A. seas, rivers and lakesB. blocks of iceC. solid, liquid and gasD. very small drops of water or snow crystals（3）Water has three states(状态) .A. ice, snow and airB. solid, vapor, snowC. solid, liquid and gasD. drops of water, blocks of ice and crystals of water（4）We can drink water when it is .A. a liquidB. a solidC. in the airD. turned into ice2.阅读理解Words and the way we use them offer a rare window on social and cultural trends. Kory Stamper and Peter Sokolowski know that better than most.The Merriam-Webster(韦氏词典) lexicographers(词典编纂者) are part of a team that edits the dictionary. In a recent interview, Sokolowski and Stamper talked about their job and what the way we use words says about us collectively.So to know more about them, observers of the language, maybe we should start with some background.What is a lexicographer?Sokolowski: A lexicographer is a person who writes or edits a dictionary. The job of a dictionary editor is to prepare and present research about language. One of our former editors-in- chief said, "Tell the truth about words," and that sums it up for me.What do you guys do all day?Stamper: The two main duties of a lexicographer are reading and defining. We read everything: books, journals, blogs, phone books, take-out menus, and so on. What we're looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and information about the sources. Those records are added to a database, and they are the raw material we use in writing definitions.When we are writing or revising a dictionary, most of our time is spent defining. We define a word according to how it is used in the recorded context, deciding whether the usage has been covered by our dictionary. Once this is done, you look at the new words and new senses and draft a definition.Drafting definitions requires some training, some experience and a lot of concentration. It's very, very quiet on the editorial floor.How closely do the most looked-up words on your online dictionary seem to be related to the news or trends?Stamper: When our dictionary went online back in 1996, we could see for the first time which were the most looked-up words in English: Affect, effect and ubiquitous were the top words. It was fascinating to us-dictionary editors spend so much time writing definitions but never could have known if anyone ever read them. We could follow what people were thinking about according to what words they were looking up. Thanks to our online dictionary, we had data.（1）What do lexicographers do?A. They collect as many words as they can and edit them into a dictionary.B. They interview as many people as they can to collect new words.C. They do research about language and edit the truth about words.D. They make deep studies of social and cultural trends.（2）What's the function of lexicographers' records during their reading?A. The records show how large the dictionary is.B. The records contain what kind of things they read.C. The records are the main things to add to the database.D. The records offer the raw material to the editors.（3）Which of the following is the correct order of a lexicographer defining a word?a. Write a draft of the definition.b. Conclude the usage of the word.c. Pay attention to the new words and new senses.d. Decide whether the usage has been covered.A. adbcB. dbacC. bdcaD. cbda（4）What does this passage mainly talk about?A. Observers of the language.B. Process of making a dictionary.C. Development of language.D. Experience of editing new words.3.阅读理解I love our kitchen. It's one of the most used parts of our home. About 9 years ago we updated our kitchen and got all new collections. At the time I didn't really do a lot of research on the functions of the equipment and Ireally wish I had. There were so many different choices on the market and I ended up buying some that I didn't really like all that much and now that it's time to update them again, I'll be more careful with the ones I choose.I've had my eye on KitchenAid for a while, especially the new KitchenAid equipment at BestBuy. The new KitchenAid equipment at Best Buy has a cook-like quality without the premium price that you might expect to pay, so it won't cost you a fortune. The equipment has a professionally inspired design that is a perfect balance of good taste and functionality.With the new KitchenAid equipment you will find cooking more optional and flexible, which contributes to your amazing performance while preparing a meal. Its five-door fridge offers organized storage and easier access to food.I love these new collections and I can't think of a better time to update your kitchen than right now, because when you buy now at Best Buy you will get 18 months financing or 5% rewards on major equipment and free delivery on purchases over $399. To learn more about how to transform your kitchen with the new KitchenAid collections, be sure to visit .（1）What is the author's regret for her last update of the kitchen?A. She didn't buy the latest equipment.B. She spent little time studying how they work.C. She purchased something she didn't like at all.D. She didn't make full use of the kitchen.（2）The underlined word "premium" in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by _____.A. favorableB. reasonableC. highD. special（3）Why is the author most impressed by the products of KitchenAid equipment?A. They can save electricity.B. The fridge has a large storage.C. The price is very low.D. They make cooking easy.（4）What is the purpose of this text?A. To recommend some kitchen equipment.B. To introduce a website.C. To compare prices of some goods.D. To describe a fridge.4.阅读理解We all know that listening to music can soothe emotional pain, but Taylor Swift, Jay-Z and Alicia Keys can also ease physical pain, according to a study of children and teenagers who had major surgery.The research was carried out because of a very personal experience. Sunitha Suresh was a college student when her grandmother had major surgery and was put in intensive care (重症监护). This meant her family couldn't always be with her. They decided to put her favorite music on an iPod so she could listen around the clock.It was very calming, Suresh says. “She knew that someone who loved her had left that music for her and she was in a familiar place.”Suresh could see that the music relaxed her grandmother and made her feel less anxious, but she wondered if she also felt less pain. That would make sense, because anxiety can make people more sensitive to pain. At the time Suresh was majoring in biomedical engineering with a minor (兼修) in music cognition (认知) at Northwestern University where her father, Santhanam Suresh, is a professor of pediatrics (儿科).So the father and daughter decided to do a study. And since Dr Suresh works with children, they decided to look at how music chosen by the children themselves might affect their tolerance for pain.It was a small study, involving 60 patients between 9 and 14 years old. All the patients were undergoing big operations that required them to stay in the hospital for at least a couple of days. Right after surgery, patients received narcotics (麻醉药) to control pain. The next day they were divided into three groups. One group heard 30 minutes of music of their choice, one heard 30 minutes of stories of their choice and one listened to 30 minutes of silence via noise canceling headphones.After a 30-minute session, the children who listened to music or books reduced their pain burden by 1 point on a 10-point scale. Sunitha Suresh says it's equal to taking an over-the-counter pain medication like Advil or Tylenol.The findings suggest that doctors may be able to use less pain medication for their pediatric patients. And that's a good thing, says Santhanam Suresh, as children are smaller and are more likely to suffer side effects. So the less pain medication, he says, the better.（1）What does the underlined word “soothe” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. reduceB. influenceC. stopD. ignore（2）What inspired Sunitha Suresh to do the research on the effects of music?A. Her father's study into music cognition.B. Her grandmother's experience of recovery.C. A book that claims anxiety can reduce pain.D. Her desire to find a way to help patients relieve pain. （3）During the research, all the participants _______.A. were under twelve years oldB. received narcotics to control pain after big operationsC. were required to stay in the hospital for a couple of monthsD. were divided into 3 groups to listen to the same music（4）What did Suresh and her father find out from their research?A. Listening to books didn't reduce the children's pain burden at all.B. Music was even more effective than pain medication for the children.C. Listening to music did reduce the children's pain burden to a great extent.D. The longer the children listened to music, the less pain they felt.（5）The findings are especially important for children because ________.A. they are more sensitive to music than adultsB. they can easily get addicted to pain medicationC. they usually don't like taking pain medicationD. they are more likely to suffer side effects of pain medication5.阅读理解There are lots of insects that farmers hate. But there also are some they like. They protect crops against damage from other insects. A good example is the lady beetle, which is also known as the ladybug(瓢虫)．Lady beetles are a natural control for aphids(蚜虫). Lady beetles are red, orange or black. They often have black spots, though some have light colored spots. Different kinds of lady beetles have different numbers of spots. There are lady beetles with four, five, seven and fourteen spots.Many of the well-known kinds of lady beetles come from Asia or Europe. They now are common throughout the United States.American scientists imported one kind of lady beetle, the multicolored Asian lady beetle, as early as 1916. They released them as an attempt to control some kinds of insects. Over the years, the beetle has become established, possibly helped by some that arrived with imported plants on ships.Experts say over 450 kinds of lady beetles are found in North America. Some are native to the area. Others have been brought from other places. Almost all are helpful to farmers.The Asian lady beetles now in the United States probably came from Japan. The Asian lady beetle eats aphids that damage crops like soybeans, fruits and berries.In the southern United States, Asian lady beetles have reduced the need for farmers to use reskilling poisons on pecan trees. This popular tree nut suffers from aphids and other pests that the lady beetles eat.But some people say the Asian lady beetle has itself become a pest. They worry that the lady beetles may eat their late autumn fruit crops.Experts say Asian lady beetles may appear in large numbers in some years. But they say the insects are too helpful to be considered as pests.（1）What do ladybugs look like?A. All kinds of ladybugs are of the same color.B. Most of them are red, orange or black.C. They each have the same number of spots on them.D. Most of them have fourteen spots.（2）Asian ladybugs have been in the United States for______.A. nine decadesB. hundreds of yearsC. half a centuryD. a century（3）According to the passage the following statements are supported EXCEPT________.A. there are more than 450 kinds of ladybugs in North America, including native onesB. only some imported ladybugs are helpful to the local plantsC. soybeans, fruits and berries are favorites of aphids.D. pecan trees are common in the south of America （4）According to the experts, ladybugs are________.A. more helpful than considered as petsB. more pests than helpful insectsC. helpful as well as destructiveD. are more destructive than helpful6.阅读理解Physics is a different world now. Will there ever be another Einstein?Scientists say a new Einstein will appear, but it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival (对手) , Isaac Newton. Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn't been born yet, or is only a baby now. That's because the searching for a unified(统一的) theory that would explain all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved.But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein appearing anytime soon. For one thing, physics is quite a different field today. In Einstein's day, there were a few thousand physicists worldwide, and fewer theoreticians. Education is different, too. One extremely important aspect of Einstein's training that failed to be considered is the philosophy he read as a teenager. It taught him how to think theoretically about space and time.And he was a skilled musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would fiercely play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem.Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren't many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical and rewarding efforts.Besides, those who stay in science don't work alone. It's very difficult to imagine an independent person like Einstein ever tolerating this.（1）Which of the following best explains the reason that the next Einstein hasn't been born yet?A. Education today doesn't pay enough attention to philosophy teaching.B. We don't know who will be another Einstein among newly-born babies.C. There were more physicists in Einstein's time than today.D. Math today is limited and cannot help the further development of physics.（2）One of the reasons that made Einstein a great scientist is _________.A. the philosophy he read in his teensB. the lack of physicists in his dayC. the knowledge learnt from Isaac NewtonD. his decision of not working at Wall Street（3）The underlined word “knotty” here probably means________.A. interesting and usefulB. important and meaningfulC. difficult and puzzlingD. realistic and hard（4）From Paragraphs 3 and 4, how many reasons does the writer give to explain that another Einstein hasn't appeared?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.7.阅读理解For many people who live in cities, parks are an important landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a shelter from the often severe environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits.One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal and concrete (混凝土) absorb much more of the sun's heat and release it much more quickly than trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect.Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment (投资) of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban parks and garden spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land. In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help control the heat that materials like brick and concrete release so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetables and herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city settlers, making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy but also a smart environmental investment.（1）The underlined word “emits” in the second paragraph probably means _________.A. takes upB. gives outC. carries awayD. breathes in（2）Which of the following contributes to the Urban Heat Island Effect?A. More rooftop gardens.B. More trees and grass.C. More parking lots.D. More building materials.（3）When it comes to rooftop gardens, what can be inferred from the passage?A. They make people much happier.B. They provide more benefits from urban parks.C. They help to save money and keep a healthy diet.D. They have become very popular in recent years. （4）What's the author's attitude towards rooftop gardens?A. Supportive.B. Doubtful.C. Critical.D. Objective.8.阅读理解A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“It's extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers' fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board c ould have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”（1）The robotic fly project has been conducted __________.A. just by accidentB. within a decadeC. just by a professorD. for more than ten years（2）The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that __________.A. they had no model in their mindB. they did not have sufficient timeC. they had no ready-made componentsD. they could not assemble the components（3）Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.D. Wood's design can replace animals in some experiments.（4）Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Father of Robotic FlyB. Inspiration from Engineering ScienceC. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study9.阅读理解On a college camping trip, curiosity about waves and sand caused Rob Thieler to study shorelines around the world. Thirty years later and now a U.S. Geological Survey research geologist, Thieler, is combining science and smartphone technology to help study an endangered bird, the Atlantic Coast piping plover.The piping plover is a shorebird that breeds（繁殖）along the Atlantic Coast, the Great Lakesand the Great Plains. Rising sea levels associated with climate change, as well as increased development in their beach habitats （栖息地）, threaten the species（物种）. To help track changes in piping plover habitats, Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in 2012. This is a marked change from the typical way scientists collect data, which involves gathering information using specialized equipment or writing in notebooks and then putting into spreadsheets.Since releasing iPlover, scientists have gathered data across 1500 km of breeding range. Thatequals about a third of the distance across the U.S., which is a large area to cover for only two thousand breeding pairs of piping plovers on the east coast. Instead of having to travel and spend days at each site, a number of cooperators in the field use the app to collect and send data, allowing scientists to gather data more efficiently. It also allows them to collect data at the same time during each breeding season, providing a better picture of changes that happen over longer periods of time. And fast, centralized access means scientists can look at data quickly to get areal-time idea of where and how piping plovers are using their habitats.While iPlover is used by trained field staff, other apps like the U. S. Geological Survey'sweb-based “iCoast—Did the Coast Change?” invite citizen scientists to identify coastal changes by comparingbird's-eye-view photographs taken before and after storms. All the information scientists and citizen scientists alike collect helps federal and state agencies create policyplans for addressing climate change impacts (影响) worldwide.（1）What can we know about the piping plover?A. Its behaviour is changing.B. Its habitat is growing bigger.C. Its living environment is becoming worse.D. Its breeding is limited to the Atlantic Coast.（2）Why did Thieler develop iPlover?A. To study shorelines across America.B. To advance information technology.C. To find out global climate change.D. To monitor changes of piping plover habitats.（3）Which of the following benefits the shorebirds?A. The camping equipment.B. Research on smartphones.C. The changeable coast.D. Progress in technology.（4）What would be the best title of the text?A. Protecting Endangered ShorebirdsB. Rob Thieler, a Creative ScientistC. IPlover, Tool for Training Field StaffD. Differences Between IPlover and ICoast10.阅读理解When someone is happy, can you smell it?You can usually tell when someone is happy based on seeing them smile, hearing them laugh or perhaps from receiving a big hug. But can you also smell their happiness? Surprising new research suggests that happiness does indeed have a scent, and that the experience of happiness can be transmitted through smell, reports .For the study, 12 young men were shown videos meant to bring about a variety of emotions while researchers gathered sweat samples from them. All of the men were healthy and none of them were drug users or smokers, and all were asked to abstain from drinking or eating smelly foods during the study period.Those sweat samples were then given to 36 equally healthy young women to smell, while researchers monitored their reactions. Only women were selected to smell the samples, apparently because previous research has shown that women have a better sense of smell than men and are also more sensitive to emotional signaling—though it's unclear why only men were chosen to produce the scents.Researchers found that the behavior of the women after smelling the scents—particularly their facial expressions—indicated a relationship between the emotional states of the men who produced the sweat and the women who sniffed them.“Human sweat produced when a person is happy brings about a state similar to happiness in somebody who breathes this smell,” said study co-author Gun Semin, a professor at Koc University in Turkey.This is a fascinating finding because it not only means that happiness does have a scent, but that the scent is capable of transmitting the emotion to others. The study also found that other emotions, such as fear, seem to carry a scent too. This ensures previous research suggesting that some negative emotions have a smell, but it is the first time this has proved to be true of positive feelings.Researchers have yet to isolate(分离) exactly what the chemical compound for the happiness smell is, but you might imagine what the potential applications for such a finding could be. Happiness perfumes, for instance, could be invented. Scent therapies（香味疗法）could also be developed to help people through depression or anxiety.Perhaps the most surprising result of the study, however, is our broadened understanding of how emotions get communicated, and also how our own emotions are potentially managed through our social context and the emotional states of those around us.（1）What is the main finding of the new research?A. Pleasant feelings can be smelt out.B. Negative emotions have a smell.C. Men produce more sweats.D. Women have a better sense of smell.（2）The underlined part “abstain from” in Paragraph 3 probably means _________.。
英语阅读理解(科普环保)练习题及答案及解析
英语阅读理解（科普环保）练习题及答案及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。
An international team of researchers from the University of Oxford have found that the way people use the Internet is closely tied to the seasonal movements in thenatural world. Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations （迁徙）.Migratory birds （候鸟） flood back to where they reproduce every spring. That migratory behavior is accompanied by some human behavior. "In English-language Wikipedia （维基百科）, the online searches for migratory species tend to increase in spring when those birds arrive in the United States," said the lead author John Mittermeier.And not just birds. Mittermeier and his team surveyed nearly 2.5 billion Wikipedia search records, for 32,000 species, across 245 languages. They also saw variable search rates for insects, horsetails and flowering plants. Seasonal trends seemed to be widespread in Wikipedia behavior for many species of plants and animals.This finding suggests new ways to monitor changes in the world's biological diversity. It also shows new ways to see how much people care about nature, and which species and areas might be the most effective targets for conservation.Mittermeier is encouraged by the search results. He commented, "I think there's a concern among conservationists （生态环境保护者） that people are losing touch with the natural world and that they're not interacting with native species anymore. And so in that sense, it was really exciting and quite unexpected for me to see people's Wikipedia interest closely related to changes in nature."Richard Grenyer, Associate Professor from the University of Oxford, says search data is useful to conservation biologists, "By using these big data approaches, we candirect our attention towards the difficult questions in modern conservation: which species and areas are changing, and where are the people who care the most and can do the most to help."（1）What have researchers found about species searches?A.They strengthen ties among people.B.They affect the animal movements.C.They differ in language backgrounds.D.They reflect animal migration seasons.（2）What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 3?A.To summarize the research process.B.To further support the research findings.C.To show the variety of species searches.D.To present researchers' heavy work load.（3）How does Mittermeier feel about the search results?A.Satisfied with Wikipedia's service.B.Worried about Wikipedia behavior.C.Amazed at people's care about nature.D.Sad about people's not getting close to nature.（4）Why does Richard think such search data is useful?A.It helps to aim at conservation targets.B.It increases interest in big data approaches.C.It keeps track of trends in biologists' work.D.It pushes people to solve difficult problems.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，牛津大学的一个国际研究小组发现，人们使用互联网的方式与自然界的季节性运动密切相关。
(英语) 高中英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)及解析
（英语）高中英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forestsin these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken inby the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone (臭氧) levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling."We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere." Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.（1）According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may ________.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there（2）The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT ________.A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereB. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseC. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceD. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun（3）Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect the environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming（4）The underlined phrase "soak up" in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. distributed（5）From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亚的森林大火使气候变暖，科学家们已经发现，在燃烧的树木允许更多的雪将更多的阳光反射到太空的地区可能会发生冷却。
阅读理解(科普环保)练习题含答案含解析
阅读理解(科普环保)练习题含答案含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The clock always seems to be ticking rather too fast in the doctor's office and the queue of patients outside the door seems to be pressing rather too hard. Some say it's high time for the model of short, sharp one-to-one appointments to give way to shared medical appointments (SMAs共享医疗预约).SMAs are doctor-patient visits in which a group of patients receive patient education and counseling (咨询), physical examination and medical support in a group setting. Typically SMAs are designed to have one or more doctors attend to a group of patients who share a common illness or medical condition. In contrast to one-to-one visits, SMAS provide a longer appointment time-frame as well as the opportunity for patients to have improved access to their physicians and meanwhile pick up additional information and support from peers.However, doctors who have pioneered the shared appointment approach report that there are significant challenges involved. Dr. Sumego, director of shared medical appointments, Cleveland Clinic, identifies culture change as the most significant challenge. Physicians and nurses are trained in a model of personal service and privacy; the SMA approach is a fundamental challenge to those fixed ideas. They need shared goals and a way of testing the innovation against agreed standards. Dr. Sumego says, "The physicians may be worried about the possible chaos and efficiencies that are marketed. They also have to make the patients understand what their appointment is, and what the expectation is.""So, if an organization was looking to start shared medical appointments, I would advise them to start the buy-in from a few champion physicians, develop the work-flow and develop some experience. Provide some support behind what that best practice should look like. Create some standards so that, as the concept spreads, you can employ that experience to start the next shared medical appointments and the next."（1）What is the purpose of the SMA approach?A. To improve medical service.B. To promote doctors' reputation.C. To conduct medical research.D. To meet patients' expectation.（2）According to Dr. Sumego, what prevents the SMA approach from being widely adopted?A. Personal service.B. Fixed ideas.C. Lack of equipment.D. Shared goals.（3）What can the underlined "buy-in" in Paragraph 4 be replaced by?A. practiceB. organizationC. purchaseD. support（4）What can be learned about the SMA approach in the last paragraph?A. It is currently being questioned.B. It is impractical in some areas.C. It will enjoy wide popularity soon.D. It should be carried out step by step.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了SMAs (共享医疗预约) 模式，以及这种模式面临的挑战。