2000年考研英语真题及解析
2000考研英语一真题答案解析
2000考研英语一真题答案解析2000考研英语一真题答案解析2000年的考研英语一真题是许多考生备考过程中的重要参考资料，通过对这份真题的答案解析，可以更好地了解考试的要求和出题思路，有助于提高备考效果。
本文将对2000考研英语一真题的答案进行解析，并提供一些备考建议。
第一部分：词汇与结构1. The new law will come into effect next month.答案：B. take effect解析：这道题考察的是词组的搭配。
"come into effect"是一个固定搭配，意为"生效"，而"take effect"则表示"起作用"。
因此答案选B。
备考建议：词汇与结构部分主要考察对词汇和语法结构的理解和掌握。
备考时应注重积累常用的词汇搭配和掌握常见的语法结构。
2. The children are looking forward to ________ to the zoo.答案：C. going解析：这道题考察的是动词的非谓语形式。
"look forward to"后面接动词的-ing 形式作宾语。
因此答案选C。
备考建议：非谓语动词是考研英语中的重要考点，备考时应重点掌握不同动词后接不同非谓语形式的用法。
第二部分：阅读理解阅读理解是考研英语中的重要部分，也是考生备考的难点之一。
在解答阅读理解题时，考生需要通过阅读文章，理解文章的主旨和细节，并根据问题选择正确的答案。
第三部分：完形填空完形填空部分主要考察考生对文章整体意思的理解以及对词汇和语法结构的掌握。
在解答完形填空题时，考生需要通读全文，了解文章的大意和脉络，并根据上下文的语境选择正确的词汇或短语填入空白处。
第四部分：翻译翻译部分主要考察考生的英汉互译能力。
在翻译题中，考生需要根据所给的句子，准确地翻译成英文或汉语，注意语法和用词的准确性。
2000年考研英语试卷英汉翻译真题解析
2000年考研英语试卷英汉翻译真题解析Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segmentssintosChinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community. 71) Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. 72) Furthermore it is obvious that the strength of a country's economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors insgroupsto step up production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. For example, they may encourage research in various ways, including thesetting up of their own research centers; they may alter the structure of education, or interfere insgroupsto reduce the wastage of natural resources or tap resources hitherto unexploited; or they may co-operate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science, economics and industry. In any case, all such interventions are heavily dependent of scientific advice and also scientific and technological manpower of all kinds.73) Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above. At the same time, the normal rate of social change throughout the world is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed compared with the past. For example, 74) in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization-with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed-was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems forthe governments concerned. 75) Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting themsintoseffect.翻译题解：71) Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts.句子分析：第一、句子可以拆分为三段：Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control/and hence the help of specialized scientists/such as economists and operational research experts.第二、句子的结构：1)主干结构是一个带双宾语的简单句：this requires varying measures of...and hence the help of...2)两个宾语各带有of短语作定语。
[实用参考]2000年考研英语真题及答案解析
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20GG年全真试题PartⅠCloseTestDirections：Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］.ChoosethebestoneandmarkPouransweronANSWERSHEET1bPblac keningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points) ①Ifafarmerwishestosucceed,hemusttrPtokeepawidegapbetweenhisconsu mptionandhisproduction.②HemuststorealargequantitPofgrain 1 consumingallhisgrainimmediatelP.③HecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhisfamilP 2 heproducesasurplus.④HemustusethissurplusinthreewaPs:asseedforsowing,asaninsurance 3 theunpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommoditPwhichhemustsel linorderto 4 oldagriculturalimplementsandobtainchemicalfertilizersto 5 thesoil.⑤HemaPalsoneedmonePtoconstructirrigation 6 andimprovehisfarminotherwaPs.⑥Ifnosurplusisavailable,afarmercannotbe 7 .⑦HemusteithersellsomeofhispropertPor 8 eGtrafundsintheformofloans.⑧NaturallPhewilltrPtoborrowmonePatalow 9 ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot 10 obtainable.［139words］1.［A］otherthan ［B］aswellas ［C］insteadof ［D］morethan2.［A］onlPif ［B］muchas ［C］longbefore ［D］eversince3.［A］for ［B］against ［C］of ［D］towards4.［A］replace ［B］purchase ［C］supplement ［D］dispose5.［A］enhance ［B］miG ［C］feed ［D］raise6.［A］vessels ［B］routes ［C］paths ［D］channels7.［A］self-confident ［B］self-sufficient［C］self-satisfied ［D］self-restrained8.［A］search ［B］save ［C］offer ［D］seek9.［A］proportion ［B］percentage ［C］rate ［D］ratio10.［A］genuinelP ［B］obviouslP ［C］presumablP［D］frequentlPPartⅡReadingComprehensionDirections:EachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbPsomequestions.Foreachquesti ontherearefouranswersmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］.ReadthepassagescarefullPandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequ estions.ThenmarkPouransweronANSWERSHEET1bPblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)Passage1①AhistorPoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifprope rlPhandled,itmaPbecomeadrivingforce.②WhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendoftheS econdWorldWar,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananPcompetitor,giving itsindustriesunparalleledeconomiesofscale.③Itsscientistsweretheworldsbest;itsworkersthemostskilled.④(11)America and Americans were prosperous bePond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroPed.①ItwasinevitablethatthisprimacPshouldhavenarrowedasothercountriesgre wricher.②JustasinevitablP,theretreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.③BPthemid-1980sAmericanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfadingin dustrialcompetitiveness.④SomehugeAmericanindustries,suchasconsumerelectronics,hadshrunkorv anishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.⑤BP1987therewasonlPoneAmericantelevisionmakerleft,Zenith.⑥(Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbPSouthKorea’sLGElectronicsinJulP.)⑦（12）Foreign-made cars and teGtiles were sweeping into the domestic market.America’smachine-toolindustrPwasontheropes.⑧Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichAmericah adinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobetheneGtcasualtP.①Allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.②AmericansstoppedtakingprosperitPforgranted.③ThePbegantobelievethattheirwaPofdoingbusinesswasfailing,andthatthei rincomeswouldthereforeshortlPbegintofallaswell.④Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquirPafteranotherintothecausesofAmerica’sindustrialdecline.⑤Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegro wingcompetitionfromoverseas.①Howthingshavechanged!②In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfivePearsofsolidgrowthwhileJapan hasbeenstruggling.③（14）Few Americans attribute this solelP to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cPcle.④Self-doubthasPieldedtoblindpride.⑤“AmericanindustrPhaschangeditsstructure,hasgoneonadiet,haslearntto bemorequick-witted,”accordingtoRichardCavanaugh,eGecutivedeanofHarvard’sKennedPSch oolofGovernment.⑥“ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoseehowourbusinessesareimpro vingtheirproductivitP,”saPsStephenMooreoftheCatoInstitute,athink-tankinWashington,DC.⑦AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolbelievesthatpeoplewilll ookbackonthisperiodas “agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates.”［429words］11.TheU.S.achieveditspredominanceafterWorldWarIIbecause.［A］ithadmadepainstakingeffortstowardsthisgoal［B］itsdomesticmarketwaseighttimeslargerthanbefore［C］thewarhaddestroPedtheeconomiesofmostpotentialcompetitors ［D］theunparalleledsizeofitsworkforcehadgivenanimpetustoitseconomP12.ThelossofU.S.predominanceintheworldeconomPinthe1980sisman ifestedinthefactthattheAmerican.［A］TVindustrPhadwithdrawntoitsdomesticmarket［B］semiconductorindustrPhadbeentakenoverbPforeignenterprises ［C］machine-toolindustrPhadcollapsedaftersuicidalactions［D］autoindustrPhadlostpartofitsdomesticmarket13.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?［A］Itishumannaturetoshiftbetweenself-doubtandblindpride.［B］IntensecompetitionmaPcontributetoeconomicprogress.［C］TherevivaloftheeconomPdependsoninternationalcooperation.［D］AlonghistorPofsuccessmaPpavethewaPforfurtherdevelopment.14.TheauthorseemstobelievetherevivaloftheU.S.economPinthe1990s canbeattributedtothe.［A］turningofthebusinesscPcle ［B］restructuringofindustrP ［C］improvedbusinessmanagement ［D］successineducationPassage2①（15）Being a man has alwaPs been dangerous. ②There are about105 males born for everP 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturitP, and among 70-Pear-olds there are twice as manP women as men. ③But the great universal of male mortalitP is being changed.④Now,boPbabiessurvivealmostaswellasgirlsdo.⑤Thismeansthat,forthefirsttime,therewillbeaneGcessofboPsinthosecrucial PearswhentheParesearchingforamate.⑥Moreimportant,anotherchancefornaturalselectionhasbeenremoved.⑦FiftPPearsago,thechanceofababP(particularlPaboPbabP)survivingdepend edonitsweight.AkilogramtoolightortooheavPmeantalmostcertaindeath.⑧TodaPitmakesalmostnodifference.Sincemuchofthevariationisduetogenes ,onemoreagentofevolutionhasgone.①ThereisanotherwaPtocommitevolutionarPsuicide:staPalive,buthavefewer children.②Fewpeopleareasfertileasinthepast.③EGceptinsomereligiouscommunities,verPfewwomenhave15children.④NowadaPsthenumberofbirths,liketheageofdeath,hasbecomeaverage.⑤MostofushaveroughlPthesamenumberofoffspring.⑥（16）Again, differences between people and the opportunitP for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. ⑦India shows what is happening.ThecountrPofferswealthforafewinthegreatcitiesandpovertPfortheremaini ngtribalpeoples.⑧ThegrandmediocritPoftodaP—everPonebeingthesameinsurvivalandnumberofoffspring—meansthatnaturalselectionhaslost80%ofitspowerinupper-middle-classIn diacomparedtothetribes.Forus,thismeansthatevolutionisover;thebiologicalUtopiahasarrived.②StrangelP,ithasinvolvedlittlephPsicalchange.③NootherspeciesfillssomanPplacesinnature.④Butinthepast100,000Pears —eventhepast100Pears—ourliveshavebeentransformedbutourbodieshavenot.⑤（17）We did not evolve, because machines and societP did it for us.⑥Darwinhadaphrasetodescribethoseignorantofevolution:theP “lookatanorganicbeingasasavagelooksataship,asatsomethingwhollPbe Pondhiscomprehension.”⑦Nodoubtwewillremembera20thcenturPwaPoflifebePondcomprehensionf oritsugliness.ButhoweveramazedourdescendantsmaPbeathowfarfromUtopiawewere,t hePwilllookjustlikeus.［406words］15.Whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirstparagra ph?［A］Alackofmates. ［B］Afiercecompetition.［C］Alowersurvivalrate. ［D］Adefectivegene.16.WhatdoestheeGampleofIndiaillustrate?［A］WealthPpeopletendtohavefewerchildrenthanpoorpeople.［B］NaturalselectionhardlPworksamongtherichandthepoor.［C］Themiddleclasspopulationis80%smallerthanthatofthetribes.［D］IndiaisoneofthecountrieswithaverPhighbirthrate.17.Theauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolvingbecause.［A］lifehasbeenimprovedbPtechnologicaladvance［B］thenumberoffemalebabieshasbeendeclining［C］ourspecieshasreachedthehigheststageofevolution［D］thedifferencebetweenwealthandpovertPisdisappearing18.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?［A］SeGRatioChangesinHumanEvolution.［B］WaPsofContinuingMan’sEvolution.［C］TheEvolutionarPFutureofNature.［D］HumanEvolutionGoingNowhere.Passage3①（20）When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles maP seem todaP, it is possible that in Pears to come theP maP be regarded as normal.②WithregardtoFuturistpoetrP,however,thecaseisratherdifficult,forwhatever FuturistpoetrPmaPbe—evenadmittingthatthetheorPonwhichitisbasedmaPberight—itcanhardlPbeclassedasLiterature.①This,inbrief,iswhattheFuturistsaPs:foracenturP,pastconditionsoflifehavebe enconditionallPspeedingup,tillnowweliveinaworldofnoiseandviolencean dspeed.②ConsequentlP,ourfeelings,thoughtsandemotionshaveundergoneacorrespondingchange.③（21）This speeding up of life, saPs the Futurist, requires a new form of eGpression. ④Wemustspeedupourliteraturetoo,ifwewanttointerpretmodernstress.⑤Wemustpouroutalargestreamofessentialwords,unhamperedbPstops,orq ualifPingadjectives,orfiniteverbs.⑥Insteadofdescribingsoundswemustmakeupwordsthatimitatethem;wemu stusemanPsizesoftPpeanddifferentcoloredinksonthesamepage,andshort enorlengthenwordsatwill.①CertainlPtheirdescriptionsofbattlesareconfused.②ButitisalittleupsettingtoreadintheeGplanatorPnotesthatacertainlinedescr ibesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhichthePb othfallintotheriver—andthentofindthatthelineconsistsofthenoiseoftheirfallingandtheweights oftheofficers:“Pluff!Pluff!AhundredandeightP-fivekilograms.”①（22）This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetrP, can hardlP be classed as Literature. ②Allthesame,nothinkingmancanrefusetoaccepttheirfirstproposition:thatag reatchangeinouremotionallifecallsforachangeofeGpression.③ThewholequestionisreallPthis:haveweessentiallPchanged?［334words］19.ThispassageismainlP.［A］asurvePofnewapproachestoart［B］areviewofFuturistpoetrP［C］aboutmeritsoftheFuturistmovement［D］aboutlawsandrequirementsofliterature20.WhenanovelliterarPideaappears,peopleshouldtrPto.［A］determineitspurposes ［B］ignoreitsflaws［C］followthenewfashions ［D］accepttheprinciples21.Futuristsclaimthatwemust.［A］increasetheproductionofliterature［B］usepoetrPtorelievemodernstress［C］developnewmodesofeGpression［D］avoidusingadjectivesandverbs22.TheauthorbelievesthatFuturistpoetrPis.［A］basedonreasonableprinciples［B］newandacceptabletoordinarPpeople［C］indicativeofabasicchangeinhumannature［D］moreofatransientphenomenonthanliteraturePassage4①（23）Aimlessness has hardlP been tPpical of the postwar Japan whose productivitP and social harmonP are the envP of the United States and Europe.②ButincreasinglPtheJapaneseareseeingadeclineofthetraditionalwork-mora lvalues.③TenPearsagoPoungpeoplewerehardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprima rPreasonforbeing,butnowJapanhaslargelPfulfilleditseconomicneeds,and Poungpeopledon’tknowwherethePshouldgoneGt.①ThecomingofageofthepostwarbabPboomandanentrPofwomenintothem。
2000年考研英语真题及答案解析
2000年考研英语真题及答案解析导言考研英语是许多研究生考生必须面对的一项科目。
历年的考研英语真题及答案解析对考生来说是非常宝贵的资料。
本文将对2000年的考研英语真题及答案进行解析，帮助考生了解考试要求和解题技巧。
题目1阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）从所给的6个选项中为第2至第6段分别选择正确的标题；(2) 从所给的6个选项中选择恰当的一项作为文章的总标题。
(1)Although watching someone clean might not be youridea of fun, industrial cleaning can be one of the mostfascinating things to watch.(2)So why is industrial cleaning so much moreinteresting than watching someone clean their own house?(3)The answer lies in the fact that industrial cleaning isnot just about cleaning up messes—it’s about cleaning up highly complex messes that pose serious health, safety and environmental risks.(4)Industrial cleaning technicians don’t just glo up thefloor and hope for the best.(5)They use specialized techniques and equipment -often to clean substances that most people only ever read about on warning labels.(6)Industrial cleaning technicians are like thesuperheroes of cleanliness, working behind the scenes to prevent health, safety, and environmental disasters.任务1：选择正确的标题A. The Fascinating Aspects of Industrial CleaningB. The Challenges of Industrial CleaningC. The Special Techniques and Equipment in Industrial CleaningD. The Importance of Industrial CleaningE. The Risks and Rewards of Industrial CleaningF. Industrial Cleaning Technicians as Superheroes答案解析：•第2段主要解释为什么工业清洗更有趣，因此应选择标题A。
2000年考研英语真题及解析.
2000年英语试题答案Passage 1一、核心词汇注释at a loss困惑，不知所措例：I’m at a loss what to do next. 我对下一步做什么心里没谱。
casualtyn. 1. ［C］(事故或战斗中的)伤亡人员*2. ［C］（某特定事件或情况造成的）受害者，损坏物例：Small shops have been a casualty of the recession. 小商店在经济萧条中深受其害。
3. ［U］急救室，急诊室fadevi. *1.to gradually disappear逐渐消失例：Her beauty has faded a little. 她的美貌已有点失色。
2. to become weaker physically(身体)变得虚弱（尤指因此导致重病或死亡）vt.&vi.（使）褪色；（使）失去光泽例：The sun had faded the curtains. 太阳把窗帘晒得褪了色。
glowinga. 1.发红光的，白热的2.热烈赞扬的，热情洋溢的，例：a glowing account/report热情洋溢的叙述/报道*3.光明的，辉煌的；glow v.发热，发光，发红n.光亮，光辉handicapvt. give or be a disadvantage to sb/sth对（某人、某物）设置不利条件; 被施加不利条件例：be handicapped by a lack of education 因文化水平低而吃亏n.［C］1.（由于受到损坏而产生的身体或智力上的）残障，残疾*2.障碍，不利条件例：Illiteracy is a serious handicap in life. 不能读写是生活中的严重障碍。
3.（比赛或竞赛中加给强手的）不利条件（以示公平）例：She had a handicap of 7 in golf. 她在高尔夫球比赛中让了7杆。
2000年考研英语一真题答案解析
２０００年考研英语真题ＰａｒｔⅠＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅａｎｄＶｏｃａｂｕｌａｒｙ（１～４０略：新大纲不再考查的部分）ＰａｒｔⅡＣｌｏｚｅＴｅｓｔＤｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｆｏｒｅａｃｈｎｕｍｂｅｒｅｄｂｌａｎｋｉｎｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｐａｓｓａｇｅ，ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｆｏｕｒｃｈｏｉｃｅｓｍａｒｋｅｄＡ，Ｂ，ＣａｎｄＤ．ＣｈｏｏｓｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔｏｎｅａｎｄｍａｒｋｙｏｕｒａｎｓｗｅｒｏｎＡＮＳＷＥＲＳＨＥＥＴ１ｂｙｂｌａｃｋｅｎｉｎｇｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｅｔｔｅｒｉｎｔｈｅｂｒａｃｋｅｔｓｗｉｔｈａｐｅｎｃｉｌ．（１０ｐｏｉｎｔｓ）Ｉｆａｆａｒｍｅｒｗｉｓｈｅｓｔｏｓｕｃｃｅｅｄ，ｈｅｍｕｓｔｔｒｙｔｏｋｅｅｐａｗｉｄｅｇａｐｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｈｉｓｃｏｎｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎａｎｄｈｉｓｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ．Ｈｅｍｕｓｔｓｔｏｒｅａｌａｒｇｅｑｕａｎｔｉｔｙｏｆｇｒａｉｎ ４１ ｃｏｎｓｕｍｉｎｇａｌｌｈｉｓｇｒａｉｎｉｍｍｅｄｉａｔｅｌｙ．Ｈｅｃａｎｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｅｔｏｓｕｐｐｏｒｔｈｉｍｓｅｌｆａｎｄｈｉｓｆａｍｉｌｙ ４２ ｈｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｓａｓｕｒｐｌｕｓ．Ｈｅｍｕｓｔｕｓｅｔｈｉｓｓｕｒｐｌｕｓｉｎｔｈｒｅｅｗａｙｓ：ａｓｓｅｅｄｆｏｒｓｏ ｗｉｎｇ，ａｓａｎｉｎｓｕｒａｎｃｅ ４３ ｔｈｅｕｎｐｒｅｄｉｃｔａｂｌｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆｂａｄｗｅａｔｈｅｒａｎｄａｓａｃｏｍｍｏｄｉｔｙｗｈｉｃｈｈｅｍｕｓｔｓｅｌｌｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏ ４４ ｏｌｄａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｓａｎｄｏｂｔａｉｎｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒｓｔｏ ４５ ｔｈｅｓｏｉｌ．Ｈｅｍａｙａｌｓｏｎｅｅｄｍｏｎｅｙｔｏｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｒｒｉｇａｔｉｏｎ ４６ ａｎｄｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｈｉｓｆａｒｍｉｎｏｔｈｅｒｗａｙｓ．Ｉｆｎｏｓｕｒｐｌｕｓｉｓａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ，ａｆａｒｍ ｅｒｃａｎｎｏｔｂｅ ４７ ．Ｈｅｍｕｓｔｅｉｔｈｅｒｓｅｌｌｓｏｍｅｏｆｈｉｓｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｙｏｒ ４８ ｅｘｔｒａｆｕｎｄｓｉｎｔｈｅｆｏｒｍｏｆｌｏａｎｓ．Ｎａｔｕ ｒａｌｌｙｈｅｗｉｌｌｔｒｙｔｏｂｏｒｒｏｗｍｏｎｅｙａｔａｌｏｗ ４９ ｏｆｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ，ｂｕｔｌｏａｎｓｏｆｔｈｉｓｋｉｎｄａｒｅｎｏｔ ５０ ｏｂｔａｉｎａｂｌｅ．４１．Ａ．ｏｔｈｅｒｔｈａｎ Ｂ．ａｓｗｅｌｌａｓ Ｃ．ｉｎｓｔｅａｄｏｆ Ｄ．ｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ４２．Ａ．ｏｎｌｙｉｆＢ．ｍｕｃｈａｓＣ．ｌｏｎｇｂｅｆｏｒｅＤ．ｅｖｅｒｓｉｎｃｅ４３．Ａ．ｆｏｒＢ．ａｇａｉｎｓｔＣ．ｏｆＤ．ｔｏｗａｒｄｓ４４．Ａ．ｒｅｐｌａｃｅＢ．ｐｕｒｃｈａｓｅＣ．ｓｕｐｐｌｅｍｅｎｔＤ．ｄｉｓｐｏｓｅ４５．Ａ．ｅｎｈａｎｃｅＢ．ｍｉｘＣ．ｆｅｅｄＤ．ｒａｉｓｅ４６．Ａ．ｖｅｓｓｅｌｓＢ．ｒｏｕｔｅｓＣ．ｐａｔｈｓＤ．ｃｈａｎｎｅｌｓ４７．Ａ．ｓｅｌｆ ｃｏｎｆｉｄｅｎｔＢ．ｓｅｌｆ ｓｕｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔＣ．ｓｅｌｆ ｓａｔｉｓｆｉｅｄＤ．ｓｅｌｆ ｒｅｓｔｒａｉｎｅｄ４８．Ａ．ｓｅａｒｃｈＢ．ｓａｖｅＣ．ｏｆｆｅｒＤ．ｓｅｅｋ４９．Ａ．ｐｒｏｐｏｒｔｉｏｎＢ．ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔａｇｅＣ．ｒａｔｅＤ．ｒａｔｉｏ５０．Ａ．ｇｅｎｕｉｎｅｌｙＢ．ｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｌｙＣ．ｐｒｅｓｕｍａｂｌｙＤ．ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙＰａｒｔⅢＲｅａｄｉｎｇＣｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎＤｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｅａｃｈｏｆｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｂｅｌｏｗｉｓｆｏｌｌｏｗｅｄｂｙｓｏｍｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ．ＦｏｒｅａｃｈｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｆｏｕｒａｎｓｗｅｒｓｍａｒｋｅｄＡ，Ｂ，ＣａｎｄＤ．Ｒｅａｄｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｓｃａｒｅｆｕｌｌｙａｎｄｃｈｏｏｓｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔａｎｓｗｅｒｔｏｅａｃｈｏｆｔｈｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ．Ｔｈｅｎｍａｒｋｙｏｕｒａｎ ｓｗｅｒｏｎＡＮＳＷＥＲＳＨＥＥＴ１ｂｙｂｌａｃｋｅｎｉｎｇｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｅｔｔｅｒｉｎｔｈｅｂｒａｃｋｅｔｓｗｉｔｈａｐｅｎｃｉｌ．（４０ｐｏｉｎｔｓ）Ｐａｓｓａｇｅ１Ａｈｉｓｔｏｒｙｏｆｌｏｎｇａｎｄｅｆｆｏｒｔｌｅｓｓｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｃａｎｂｅａｄｒｅａｄｆｕｌｈａｎｄｉｃａｐ，ｂｕｔ，ｉｆｐｒｏｐｅｒｌｙｈａｎｄｌｅｄ，ｉｔｍａｙｂｅ ｃｏｍｅａｄｒｉｖｉｎｇｆｏｒｃｅ．ＷｈｅｎｔｈｅＵｎｉｔｅｄＳｔａｔｅｓｅｎｔｅｒｅｄｊｕｓｔｓｕｃｈａｇｌｏｗｉｎｇｐｅｒｉｏｄａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｅｎｄｏｆｔｈｅＳｅｃｏｎｄＷｏｒｌｄＷａｒ，ｉｔｈａｄａｍａｒｋｅｔｅｉｇｈｔｔｉｍｅｓｌａｒｇｅｒｔｈａｎａｎｙｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｏｒ，ｇｉｖｉｎｇｉｔｓｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｓｕｎｐａｒａｌｌｅｌｅｄｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｅｓｏｆｓｃａｌｅ．Ｉｔｓｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓｗｅｒｅｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ ｓｂｅｓｔ，ｉｔｓｗｏｒｋｅｒｓｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｓｋｉｌｌｅｄ．ＡｍｅｒｉｃａａｎｄＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｓｗｅｒｅｐｒｏｓｐｅｒ１ｏｕｓｂｅｙｏｎｄｔｈｅｄｒｅａｍｓｏｆｔｈｅＥｕｒｏｐｅａｎｓａｎｄＡｓｉａｎｓｗｈｏｓｅｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｅｓｔｈｅｗａｒｈａｄｄｅｓｔｒｏｙｅｄ．Ｉｔｗａｓｉｎｅｖｉｔａｂｌｅｔｈａｔｔｈｉｓｐｒｉｍａｃｙｓｈｏｕｌｄｈａｖｅｎａｒｒｏｗｅｄａｓｏｔｈｅｒｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｇｒｅｗｒｉｃｈｅｒ．Ｊｕｓｔａｓｉｎｅｖｉｔａｂｌｙ，ｔｈｅｒｅｔｒｅａｔｆｒｏｍｐｒｅｄｏｍｉｎａｎｃｅｐｒｏｖｅｄｐａｉｎｆｕｌ．Ｂｙｔｈｅｍｉｄ １９８０ｓ，Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎｓｈａｄｆｏｕｎｄｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓａｔａｌｏｓｓｏｖｅｒｔｈｅｉｒｆａｄｉｎｇｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｖｅｎｅｓｓ．ＳｏｍｅｈｕｇｅＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｓ，ｓｕｃｈａｓｃｏｎｓｕｍｅｒｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ，ｈａｄｓｈｒｕｎｋｏｒｖａｎｉｓｈｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｆａｃｅｏｆｆｏｒｅｉｇｎｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｏｎ．Ｂｙ１９８７ｔｈｅｒｅｗａｓｏｎｌｙｏｎｅＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｔｅｌｅｖｉｓｉｏｎｍａｋｅｒｌｅｆｔ，Ｚｅｎｉｔｈ．（Ｎｏｗｔｈｅｒｅｉｓｎｏｎｅ：ＺｅｎｉｔｈｗａｓｂｏｕｇｈｔｂｙＳｏｕｔｈＫｏｒｅａ ｓＬＧＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓｉｎＪｕｌｙ．）Ｆｏｒｅｉｇｎ ｍａｄｅｃａｒｓａｎｄｔｅｘｔｉｌｅｓｗｅｒｅｓｗｅｅｐｉｎｇｉｎｔｏｔｈｅｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃｍａｒｋｅｔ．Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ ｓｍａｃｈｉｎｅ ｔｏｏｌｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｗａｓｏｎｔｈｅｒｏｐｅｓ．Ｆｏｒａｗｈｉｌｅｉｔｌｏｏｋｅｄａｓｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｍａｋｉｎｇｏｆｓｅｍｉｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｏｒｓ，ｗｈｉｃｈＡｍｅｒｉｃａｈａｄｉｎｖｅｎｔｅｄａｎｄｗｈｉｃｈｓａｔａｔｔｈｅｈｅａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅｎｅｗｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒａｇｅ，ｗａｓｇｏｉｎｇｔｏｂｅｔｈｅｎｅｘｔｃａｓｕａｌｔｙ．Ａｌｌｏｆｔｈｉｓｃａｕｓｅｄａｃｒｉｓｉｓｏｆｃｏｎｆｉｄｅｎｃｅ．Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎｓｓｔｏｐｐｅｄｔａｋｉｎｇｐｒｏｓｐｅｒｉｔｙｆｏｒｇｒａｎｔｅｄ．Ｔｈｅｙｂｅｇａｎｔｏｂｅ ｌｉｅｖｅｔｈａｔｔｈｅｉｒｗａｙｏｆｄｏｉｎｇｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓｗａｓｆａｉｌｉｎｇ，ａｎｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｉｒｉｎｃｏｍｅｓｗｏｕｌｄｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅｓｈｏｒｔｌｙｂｅｇｉｎｔｏｆａｌｌａｓｗｅｌｌ．Ｔｈｅｍｉｄ １９８０ｓｂｒｏｕｇｈｔｏｎｅｉｎｑｕｉｒｙａｆｔｅｒａｎｏｔｈｅｒｉｎｔｏｔｈｅｃａｕｓｅｓｏｆＡｍｅｒｉｃａ ｓｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｄｅｃｌｉｎｅ．Ｔｈｅｉｒｓｏｍｅｔｉｍｅｓｓｅｎｓａｔｉｏｎａｌｆｉｎｄｉｎｇｓｗｅｒｅｆｉｌｌｅｄｗｉｔｈｗａｒｎｉｎｇｓａｂｏｕｔｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｉｎｇｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｏｎｆｒｏｍｏｖｅｒｓｅａｓ．Ｈｏｗｔｈｉｎｇｓｈａｖｅｃｈａｎｇｅｄ！Ｉｎ１９９５ｔｈｅＵｎｉｔｅｄＳｔａｔｅｓｃａｎｌｏｏｋｂａｃｋｏｎｆｉｖｅｙｅａｒｓｏｆｓｏｌｉｄｇｒｏｗｔｈｗｈｉｌｅＪａ ｐａｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎｓｔｒｕｇｇｌｉｎｇ．ＦｅｗＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｓａｔｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｔｈｉｓｓｏｌｅｌｙｔｏｓｕｃｈｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｃａｕｓｅｓａｓｄｅｖａｌｕｅｄｄｏｌｌａｒｏｒｔｈｅｔｕｒｎｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｅｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓｃｙｃｌｅ．Ｓｅｌｆ ｄｏｕｂｔｈａｓｙｉｅｌｄｅｄｔｏｂｌｉｎｄｐｒｉｄｅ．“Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｈａｓｃｈａｎｇｅｄｉｔｓｓｔｒｕｃ ｔｕｒｅ，ｈａｓｇｏｎｅｏｎａｄｉｅｔ，ｈａｓｌｅａｒｎｔｔｏｂｅｍｏｒｅｑｕｉｃｋ ｗｉｔｔｅｄ，”ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏＲｉｃｈａｒｄＣａｖａｎａｇｈ，ｅｘｅｃｕｔｉｖｅｄｅａｎｏｆＨａｒｖａｒｄ ｓＫｅｎｎｅｄｙＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆＧｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ．“ＩｔｍａｋｅｓｍｅｐｒｏｕｄｔｏｂｅａｎＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｊｕｓｔｔｏｓｅｅｈｏｗｏｕｒｂｕｓｉｎｅｓ 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ｓｃｒｉｂｉｎｇｓｏｕｎｄｓｗｅｍｕｓｔｍａｋｅｕｐｗｏｒｄｓｔｈａｔｉｍｉｔａｔｅｔｈｅｍ；ｗｅｍｕｓｔｕｓｅｍａｎｙｓｉｚｅｓｏｆｔｙｐｅａｎｄｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｃｏｌｏｒｅｄｉｎｋｓｏｎｔｈｅｓａｍｅｐａｇｅ，ａｎｄｓｈｏｒｔｅｎｏｒｌｅｎｇｔｈｅｎｗｏｒｄｓａｔｗｉｌｌ．Ｃｅｒｔａｉｎｌｙｔｈｅｉｒｄｅｓｃｒｉｐｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｂａｔｔｌｅｓａｒｅｃｏｎｆｕｓｅｄ．ＢｕｔｉｔｉｓａｌｉｔｔｌｅｕｐｓｅｔｔｉｎｇｔｏｒｅａｄｉｎｔｈｅｅｘｐｌａｎａｔｏｒｙｎｏｔｅｓｔｈａｔａｃｅｒｔａｉｎｌｉｎｅｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｓａｆｉｇｈｔｂｅｔｗｅｅｎａＴｕｒｋｉｓｈａｎｄａＢｕｌｇａｒｉａｎｏｆｆｉｃｅｒｏｎａｂｒｉｄｇｅｏｆｆｗｈｉｃｈｔｈｅｙｂｏｔｈｆａｌｌｉｎｔｏｔｈｅｒｉｖｅｒ—ａｎｄｔｈｅｎｔｏｆｉｎｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｌｉｎｅｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｓｏｆｔｈｅｎｏｉｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｉｒｆａｌｌｉｎｇａｎｄｔｈｅｗｅｉｇｈｔｓｏｆｔｈｅｏｆｆｉｃｅｒｓ：“Ｐｌｕｆｆ！Ｐｌｕｆｆ！Ａｈｕｎｄｒｅｄａｎｄｅｉｇｈｔｙ ｆｉｖｅｋｉｌｏｇｒａｍｓ．”Ｔｈｉｓ，ｔｈｏｕｇｈｉｔｆｕｌｆｉｌｌｓｔｈｅｌａｗｓａｎｄｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｓｏｆＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｐｏｅｔｒｙ，ｃａｎｈａｒｄｌｙｂｅｃｌａｓｓｅｄａｓＬｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅ．Ａｌｌｔｈｅｓａｍｅ，ｎｏｔｈｉｎｋｉｎｇｍａｎｃａｎｒｅｆｕｓｅｔｏａｃｃｅｐｔｔｈｅｉｒｆｉｒｓｔｐｒｏｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ：ｔｈａｔａｇｒｅａｔｃｈａｎｇｅｉｎｏｕｒｅｍｏｔｉｏｎａｌｌｉｆｅｃａｌｌｓｆｏｒａｃｈａｎｇｅｏｆｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ．Ｔｈｅｗｈｏｌｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｉｓｒｅａｌｌｙｔｈｉｓ：ｈａｖｅｗｅｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｌｙｃｈａｎｇｅｄ？５９．Ｔｈｉｓｐａｓｓａｇｅｉｓｍａｉｎｌｙ ．［Ａ］ａｓｕｒｖｅｙｏｆｎｅｗａｐｐｒｏａｃｈｅｓｔｏａｒｔ［Ｂ］ａｒｅｖｉｅｗｏｆＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｐｏｅｔｒｙ［Ｃ］ａｂｏｕｔｍｅｒｉｔｓｏｆｔｈｅＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｍｏｖｅｍｅｎｔ［Ｄ］ａｂｏｕｔｌａｗｓａｎｄｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｓｏｆｌｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅ６０．Ｗｈｅｎａｎｏｖｅｌｌｉｔｅｒａｒｙｉｄｅａａｐｐｅａｒｓ，ｐｅｏｐｌｅｓｈｏｕｌｄｔｒｙｔｏ 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ｍｉｒｅｄ，ｔｈｅｅｄｕｃａｔｅｄｎｏｔｌｅａｓｔａｍｏｎｇｔｈｅｍ．Ｉｎａｎｏｄｄｗａｙ，ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｉｔｉｓｔｈｅｅｄｕｃａｔｅｄｗｈｏｈａｖｅｃｌａｉｍｅｄｔｏｈａｖｅｇｉｖｅｎｕｐａｎａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎａｓａｎｉｄｅａｌ．Ｗｈａｔｉｓｏｄｄｉｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｙｈａｖｅｐｅｒｈａｐｓｍｏｓｔｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｅｄｆｒｏｍａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎ—ｉｆｎｏｔａｌ ｗａｙｓｔｈｅｉｒｏｗｎｔｈｅｎｔｈａｔｏｆｔｈｅｉｒｐａｒｅｎｔｓａｎｄｇｒａｎｄｐａｒｅｎｔｓ．Ｔｈｅｒｅｉｓａｈｅａｖｙｎｏｔｅｏｆｈｙｐｏｃｒｉｓｙｉｎｔｈｉｓ，ａｃａｓｅｏｆｃｌｏｓｉｎｇｔｈｅｂａｒｎｄｏｏｒａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｈｏｒｓｅｓｈａｖｅｅｓｃａｐｅｄ—ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｅｄｕｃａｔｅｄｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓｒｉｄｉｎｇｏｎｔｈｅｍ．Ｃｅｒｔａｉｎｌｙｐｅｏｐｌｅｄｏｎｏｔｓｅｅｍｌｅｓｓｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｅｄｉｎｓｕｃｃｅｓｓａｎｄｉｔｓｓｉｇｎｓｎｏｗｔｈａｎｆｏｒｍｅｒｌｙ．Ｓｕｍｍｅｒｈｏｍｅｓ，Ｅｕｒｏｐｅａｎｔｒａｖｅｌ，ＢＭＷｓ—ｔｈｅｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｓ，ｐｌａｃｅｎａｍｅｓａｎｄｎａｍｅｂｒａｎｄｓｍａｙｃｈａｎｇｅ，ｂｕｔｓｕｃｈｉｔｅｍｓｄｏｎｏｔｓｅｅｍｌｅｓｓｉｎｄｅｍａｎｄｔｏｄａｙｔｈａｎａｄｅｃａｄｅｏｒｔｗｏｙｅａｒｓａｇｏ．Ｗｈａｔｈａｓｈａｐｐｅｎｅｄｉｓｔｈａｔｐｅｏｐｌｅｃａｎｎｏｔｃｏｎｆｅｓｓｆｕｌｌｙｔｏｔｈｅｉｒｄｒｅａｍｓ，ａｓｅａｓｉｌｙａｎｄｏｐｅｎｌｙａｓｏｎｃｅｔｈｅｙｃｏｕｌｄ，ｌｅｓｔｔｈｅｙｂｅｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｐｕｓｈｉｎｇ，ａｃｑｕｉｓｉｔｉｖｅａｎｄｖｕｌｇａｒ．Ｉｎ ｓｔｅａｄ，ｗｅａｒｅｔｒｅａｔｅｄｔｏｆｉｎｅｈｙｐｏｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌｓｐｅｃｔａｃｌｅｓ，ｗｈｉｃｈｎｏｗｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎｅｖｅｒｓｅｅｍｉｎａｍｐｌｅｓｕｐｐｌｙ：ｔｈｅｃｒｉｔｉｃｏｆＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｉｓｍｗｉｔｈａＳｏｕｔｈａｍｐｔｏｎｓｕｍｍｅｒｈｏｍｅ；ｔｈｅｐｕｂｌｉｓｈｅｒｏｆｒａｄｉｃａｌｂｏｏｋｓｗｈｏｔａｋｅｓｈｉｓｍｅａｌｓｉｎｔｈｒｅｅ ｓｔａｒｒｅｓｔａｕｒａｎｔｓ；ｔｈｅｊｏｕｒｎａｌｉｓｔａｄｖｏｃａｔｉｎｇｐａｒｔｉｃｉｐａｔｏｒｙｄｅｍｏｃｒａｃｙｉｎａｌｌｐｈａｓｅｓｏｆｌｉｆｅ，ｗｈｏｓｅｏｗｎｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎａｒｅｅｎｒｏｌｌｅｄｉｎｐｒｉｖａｔｅｓｃｈｏｏｌｓ．Ｆｏｒｓｕｃｈｐｅｏｐｌｅａｎｄｍａｎｙｍｏｒｅｐｅｒｈａｐｓｎｏｔｓｏｅｘｃｅｐｔｉｏｎａｌ，ｔｈｅｐｒｏｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｕｌａ ｔｉｏｎｉｓ，“Ｓｕｃｃｅｅｄａｔａｌｌｃｏｓｔｓｂｕｔａｖｏｉｄａｐｐｅａｒｉｎｇａｍｂｉｔｉｏｕｓ”．Ｔｈｅａｔｔａｃｋｓｏｎａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎａｒｅｍａｎｙａｎｄｃｏｍｅｆｒｏｍｖａｒｉｏｕｓａｎｇｌｅｓ；ｉｔｓｐｕｂｌｉｃｄｅｆｅｎｄｅｒｓａｒｅｆｅｗａｎｄｕｎｉｍｐｒｅｓ ｓｉｖｅ，ｗｈｅｒｅｔｈｅｙａｒｅｎｏｔｅｘｔｒｅｍｅｌｙｕｎａｔｔｒａｃｔｉｖｅ．Ａｓａｒｅｓｕｌｔ，ｔｈｅｓｕｐｐｏｒｔｆｏｒａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎａｓａｈｅａｌｔｈｙｉｍｐｕｌｓｅ，ａｑｕａｌｉｔｙｔｏｂｅａｄｍｉｒｅｄａｎｄｆｉｘｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｍｉｎｄｏｆｔｈｅｙｏｕｎｇ，ｉｓｐｒｏｂａｂｌｙｌｏｗｅｒｔｈａｎｉｔｈａｓｅｖｅｒｂｅｅｎｉｎｔｈｅＵｎｉｔｅｄＳｔａｔｅｓ．Ｔｈｉｓｄｏｅｓｎｏｔｍｅａｎｔｈａｔａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｉｓａｔａｎｅｎｄ，ｔｈａｔｐｅｏｐｌｅｎｏｌｏｎｇｅｒｆｅｅｌｉｔｓｓｔｉｒｒｉｎｇｓａｎｄｐｒｏｍｐｔｉｎｇｓ，ｂｕｔｏｎｌｙｔｈａｔ，ｎｏｌｏｎｇｅｒｏｐｅｎｌｙｈｏｎｏｒｅｄ，ｉｔｉｓｌｅｓｓｏｐｅｎｌｙｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｅｄ．Ｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓｆｏｌｌｏｗｆｒｏｍｔｈｉｓ，ｏｆｃｏｕｒｓｅ，ｓｏｍｅｏｆｗｈｉｃｈａｒｅｔｈａｔａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｉｓｄｒｉｖｅｎｕｎｄｅｒｇｒｏｕｎｄ，ｏｒｍａｄｅｓｌｙ．Ｓｕｃｈ，ｔｈｅｎ，ｉｓｔｈｅｗａｙｔｈｉｎｇｓｓｔａｎｄ：ｏｎｔｈｅｌｅｆｔａｎｇｒｙｃｒｉｔｉｃｓ，ｏｎｔｈｅｒｉｇｈｔｓｔｕｐｉｄｓｕｐｐｏｒｔｅｒｓ，ａｎｄｉｎｔｈｅｍｉｄｄｌｅ，ａｓｕｓｕａｌ，ｔｈｅｍａｊｏｒｉｔｙｏｆｅａｒｎｅｓｔｐｅｏｐｌｅｔｒｙｉｎｇｔｏｇｅｔｏｎｉｎｌｉｆｅ．６７．Ｉｔｉｓｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｄｔｈａｔａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｍａｙｂｅｗｅｌｌｒｅｇａｒｄｅｄｉｆ ．［Ａ］ｉｔｓｒｅｔｕｒｎｓｗｅｌｌｃｏｍｐｅｎｓａｔｅｆｏｒｔｈｅｓａｃｒｉｆｉｃｅｓ［Ｂ］ｉｔｉｓｒｅｗａｒｄｅｄｗｉｔｈｍｏｎｅｙ，ｆａｍｅａｎｄｐｏｗｅｒ［Ｃ］ｉｔｓｇｏａｌｓａｒｅｓｐｉｒｉｔｕａｌｒａｔｈｅｒｔｈａｎｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ［Ｄ］ｉｔｉｓｓｈａｒｅｄｂｙｔｈｅｒｉｃｈａｎｄｔｈｅｆａｍｏｕｓ６８．Ｔｈｅｌａｓｔｓｅｎｔｅｎｃｅｏｆｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈｍｏｓｔｐｒｏｂａｂｌｙｉｍｐｌｉｅｓｔｈａｔｉｔｉｓ ．［Ａ］ｃｕｓｔｏｍａｒｙｏｆｔｈｅｅｄｕｃａｔｅｄｔｏｄｉｓｃａｒｄａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｗｏｒｄｓ［Ｂ］ｔｏｏｌａｔｅｔｏｃｈｅｃｋａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｏｎｃｅｉｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｌｅｔｏｕｔ［Ｃ］ｄｉｓｈｏｎｅｓｔｔｏｄｅｎｙａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｆｕｌｆｉｌｌｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅｇｏａｌ［Ｄ］ｉｍｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｌｆｏｒｔｈｅｅｄｕｃａｔｅｄｔｏｅｎｊｏｙｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓｆｒｏｍａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎ６【红宝书】（请登陆红宝书网站：ｗｗｗ．ｈｏｎｇｂａｏｓｈｕ．ｃｏｍ下载其它考研英语资料）６９．Ｓｏｍｅｐｅｏｐｌｅｄｏｎｏｔｏｐｅｎｌｙａｄｍｉｔｔｈｅｙｈａｖｅａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｂｅｃａｕｓｅ ．［Ａ］ｔｈｅｙｔｈｉｎｋｏｆｉｔａｓｉｍｍｏｒａｌ［Ｂ］ｔｈｅｉｒｐｕｒｓｕｉｔｓａｒｅｎｏｔｆａｍｅｏｒｗｅａｌｔｈ［Ｃ］ａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｉｓｎｏｔｃｌｏｓｅｌｙｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓ［Ｄ］ｔｈｅｙｄｏｎｏｔｗａｎｔｔｏａｐｐｅａｒｇｒｅｅｄｙａｎｄｃｏｎｔｅｍｐｔｉｂｌｅ７０．Ｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｌａｓｔｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈｔｈｅｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｃａｎｂｅｄｒａｗｎｔｈａｔａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｍａｉｎｔａｉｎｅｄ ．［Ａ］ｓｅｃｒｅｔｌｙａｎｄｖｉｇｏｒｏｕｓｌｙ［Ｂ］ｏｐｅｎｌｙａｎｄｅｎｔｈｕｓｉａｓｔｉｃａｌｌｙ［Ｃ］ｅａｓｉｌｙａｎｄｍｏｍｅｎｔａｒｉｌｙ［Ｄ］ｖｅｒｂａｌｌｙａｎｄｓｐｉｒｉｔｕａｌｌｙＰａｒｔⅣＥｎｇｌｉｓｈ ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＴｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎＤｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：ＲｅａｄｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｐａｓｓａｇｅｓａｎｄｔｈｅｎｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｅｔｈｅｕｎｄｅｒｌｉｎｅｄｓｅｇｍｅｎｔｓｉｎｔｏＣｈｉｎｅｓｅ．ＹｏｕｒｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｗｒｉｔｔｅｎｎｅａｔｌｙｏｎｔｈｅＡＮＳＷＥＲＳＨＥＥＴ２．（１５ｐｏｉｎｔｓ）Ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｓｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｏｕｔｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄａｃｔｏｎｔｈｅａｓｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅｗｅｌｆａｒｅｏｆｔｈｅｉｒｐｅｏｐｌｅｄｅｐｅｎｄｓｌａｒｇｅｌｙｏｎｔｈｅｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈａｎｄｗｅａｌｔｈｏｆｔｈｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙ．（７１）Ｕｎｄｅｒｍｏｄｅｒｎｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ，ｔｈｉｓｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｓｖａｒｙｉｎｇｍｅａｓ ｕｒｅｓｏｆｃｅｎｔｒａｌｉｚｅｄｃｏｎｔｒｏｌａｎｄｈｅｎｃｅｔｈｅｈｅｌｐｏｆｓｐｅｃｉａｌｉｚｅｄｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓｓｕｃｈａｓｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｓｔｓａｎｄｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎａｌｒｅ ｓｅａｒｃｈｅｘｐｅｒｔｓ．（７２）Ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｍｏｒｅ，ｉｔｉｓｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｏｆａｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ ｓｅｃｏｎｏｍｙｉｓｄｉｒｅｃｔｌｙｂｏｕｎｄｕｐｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙｏｆｉｔｓａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｎｄｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ，ａｎｄｔｈａｔｔｈｉｓｉｎｔｕｒｎｒｅｓｔｓｕｐｏｎｔｈｅｅｆｆｏｒｔｓｏｆｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓａｎｄｔｅｃｈｎｏｌ ｏｇｉｓｔｓｏｆａｌｌｋｉｎｄｓ．Ｉｔａｌｓｏｍｅａｎｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｓａｒｅｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｌｙｃｏｍｐｅｌｌｅｄｔｏｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｉｎｔｈｅｓｅｓｅｃｔｏｒｓｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｓｔｅｐｕｐｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｅｎｓｕｒｅｔｈａｔｉｔｉｓｕｔｉｌｉｚｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｂｅｓｔａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅ．Ｆｏｒｅｘａｍｐｌｅ，ｔｈｅｙｍａｙｅｎｃｏｕｒａｇｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｉｎｖａｒｉｏｕｓｗａｙｓ，ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇｔｈｅｓｅｔｔｉｎｇｕｐｏｆｔｈｅｉｒｏｗｎｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｃｅｎｔｅｒｓ；ｔｈｅｙｍａｙａｌｔｅｒｔｈｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ，ｏｒｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｒｅｄｕｃｅｔｈｅｗａｓｔａｇｅｏｆｎａｔｕｒａｌｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｏｒｔａｐｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｈｉｔｈｅｒｔｏｕｎｅｘｐｌｏｉｔｅｄ；ｏｒｔｈｅｙｍａｙｃｏｏｐｅｒａｔｅｄｉｒｅｃｔｌｙｉｎｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｉｎｇｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ，ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｓａｎｄｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ．Ｉｎａｎｙｃａｓｅ，ａｌｌｓｕｃｈｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎｓａｒｅｈｅａｖｉｌｙｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔｏｎｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｄｖｉｃｅａｎｄａｌｓｏｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｎｄｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｍａｎｐｏｗｅｒｏｆａｌｌｋｉｎｄｓ．（７３）Ｏｗｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｒｅｍａｒｋａｂｌｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｉｎｍａｓｓ ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ，ｐｅｏｐｌｅｅｖｅｒｙｗｈｅｒｅａｒｅｆｅｅｌｉｎｇｎｅｗｗａｎｔｓａｎｄａｒｅｂｅｉｎｇｅｘｐｏｓｅｄｔｏｎｅｗｃｕｓｔｏｍｓａｎｄｉｄｅａｓ，ｗｈｉｌｅｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｓａｒｅｏｆｔｅｎｆｏｒｃｅｄｔｏｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｓｔｉｌｌｆｕｒ ｔｈｅｒｉｎｎｏｖａｔｉｏｎｓｆｏｒｔｈｅｒｅａｓｏｎｓｇｉｖｅｎａｂｏｖｅ．Ａｔｔｈｅｓａｍｅｔｉｍｅ，ｔｈｅｎｏｒｍａｌｒａｔｅｏｆｓｏｃｉａｌｃｈａｎｇｅｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｏｕｔｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄｉｓｔａｋｉｎｇｐｌａｃｅａｔａｖａｓｔｌｙａｃｃｅｌｅｒａｔｅｄｓｐｅｅｄｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｐａｓｔ．Ｆｏｒｅｘａｍｐｌｅ，（７４）ｉｎｔｈｅｅａｒｌｙｉｎｄｕｓ ｔｒｉａｌｉｚｅｄｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｏｆＥｕｒｏｐｅｔｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｏｆｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ—ｗｉｔｈａｌｌｔｈｅｆａｒ ｒｅａｃｈｉｎｇｃｈａｎｇｅｓｉｎｓｏｃｉａｌｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓｔｈａｔｆｏｌｌｏｗｅｄ—ｗａｓｓｐｒｅａｄｏｖｅｒｎｅａｒｌｙａｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ，ｗｈｅｒｅａｓｎｏｗａｄａｙｓａｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｉｎｇｎａｔｉｏｎｍａｙｕｎｄｅｒｇｏｔｈｅｓａｍｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎａｄｅｃａｄｅｏｒｓｏ．Ａｌｌｔｈｉｓｈａｓｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｂｕｉｌｄｉｎｇｕｐｕｎｕｓｕａｌｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｓａｎｄｔｅｎｓｉｏｎｓｗｉｔｈｉｎｔｈｅｃｏｍ ｍｕｎｉｔｙａｎｄｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓｆｏｒｔｈｅｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｓｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｅｄ．（７５）Ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌｓｏｃｉａｌｓｔｒｅｓ ｓｅｓｍａｙａｌｓｏｏｃｃｕｒｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｅｘｐｌｏｓｉｏｎｏｒｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓａｒｉｓｉｎｇｆｒｏｍｍａｓｓｍｉｇｒａｔｉｏｎｍｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｓ—ｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓｍａｄｅｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｅａｓｙｎｏｗａｄａｙｓｂｙｍｏｄｅｒｎｍｅａｎｓｏｆｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔ．Ａｓａｒｅｓｕｌｔｏｆａｌｌｔｈｅｓｅｆａｃｔｏｒｓ，ｇｏｖｅｒｎ ｍｅｎｔｓａｒｅｂｅｃｏｍｉｎｇｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｌｙｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔｏｎｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｓｔｓａｎｄｓｏｃｉａｌｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓｆｏｒｐｌａｎｎｉｎｇｔｈｅａｐｐｒｏｐｒｉａｔｅｐｒｏ ｇｒａｍｓａｎｄｐｕｔｔｉｎｇｔｈｅｍｉｎｔｏｅｆｆｅｃｔ．７ＰａｒｔⅤＷｒｉｔｉｎｇ（１５ｐｏｉｎｔｓ）Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ａ．Ｓｔｕｄｙｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｔｗｏｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓｃａｒｅｆｕｌｌｙａｎｄｗｒｉｔｅａｎｅｓｓａｙｏｆａｔｌｅａｓｔ１５０ｗｏｒｄｓ．Ｂ．ＹｏｕｒｅｓｓａｙｍｕｓｔｂｅｗｒｉｔｔｅｎｎｅａｔｌｙｏｎＡＮＳＷＥＲＳＨＥＥＴ２．Ｃ．Ｙｏｕｒｅｓｓａｙｓｈｏｕｌｄｍｅｅｔｔｈｅｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｓｂｅｌｏｗ： １）Ｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｔｈｅｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ． ２）Ｄｅｄｕｃｅｔｈｅｐｕｒｐｏｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｐａｉｎｔｅｒｏｆｔｈｅｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ． ３）Ｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｃｏｕｎｔｅｒ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｓ．ＡＢｒｉｅｆＨｉｓｔｏｒｙｏｆＷｏｒｌｄＣｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌＦｉｓｈｉｎｇ８【红宝书】２０００年考研英语真题 系统精析２０００年考研英语真题答案快速扫描 （１～４０略：新大纲不再考查的部分）４１．Ｃ ４２．Ａ ４３．Ｂ ４４．Ａ ４５．Ｃ ４６．Ｄ ４７．Ｂ ４８．Ｄ ４９．Ｃ ５０．Ｄ５１．Ｃ５２．Ｄ５３．Ｂ５４．Ａ５５．Ｃ５６．Ｂ５７．Ａ５８．Ｄ５９．Ｂ６０．Ａ６１．Ｃ６２．Ｄ６３．Ｂ６４．Ｄ６５．Ｃ６６．Ａ６７．Ａ６８．Ｃ６９．Ｄ７０．Ｂ２０００年考研英语真题答案系统精析ＰａｒｔⅠＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅａｎｄＶｏｃａｂｕｌａｒｙ （１～４０略：新大纲不再考查的部分）ＰａｒｔⅡＣｌｏｚｅＴｅｓｔ文章大意本文是一篇短小的论证性文章，其主题是强调了农民储存余粮的必要性。
2000年考研英语真题及解析
2000年考研英语真题精解精析2000年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题按照《2000年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲（非英语专业）》要求命制，体现了《大纲》的考核目标、形式和内容。
总体难度方面，各部分都较2000年略有增加。
SectionⅠCloze Test【文章综述】本文是一篇短小的论证性文章，其体裁属于社会科学类。
其主题是强调农民储存余粮的必要性。
文章开句提出全文的中心论点：农民想成功，就必须努力保持消费和生产之间有较大的差距，即存储较多的余粮。
之后的几个句子分别从正面和反面论证了农民使自己的生产大于消费的必要性。
【英汉对照】If a farmer wishes to succeed,he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain41 consuming all his grain immediately.He can continue to support himself and his family42he produces a surplus.He must use this surplus in three ways:as seed for sowing,as an insurance43the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to44old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to45the soil.He may also need money to construct irrigation46and improve his farm in other ways.If no surplus is available,a farmer cannot be47.He must either sell some of his property or48extra funds in the form of loans.Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low49of interest,but loans of this kind are not 50obtainable.一个农民要想成功，就必须在消费和生产之间努力保持着较大的差距。
2000年考研外语考试真题及答案
2000年考研外语考试真题及答案一、Use of English1、If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain 【B1】consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family 【B2】 he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 【B3】the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 【B4】 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 【B5】 the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation 【B6】 and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 【B7】 . He must either sell some of his property or 【B8】 extra funds in the form. of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low 【B9】 of interest, but loans of this kind are not 【B10】obtainable.【B1】A．other thanB．as well asC．instead of D．more than 2、【B2】A．only ifB．much asC．long before D．ever since 3、【B3】A.forB.againstC.ofD.towards4、【B4】A．replaceB．purchaseC．supplement D．dispose5、【B5】A．enhanceB．mixC．feedD．raise6、【B6】A．vesselsB．routesC．pathsD．channels7、【B7】A．self-confident B．self-sufficient C．self-satisfied D．self-restrained 8、【B8】A．searchB．saveC．offerD．seek9、【B9】A．proportionB．percentageC．rateD．ratio10、【B10】A．genuinelyB．obviouslyC．presumablyD．frequently11、 As I'll be away for at least a year, I'd appreciate ______ from you now and then telling me how everyone is getting along.A.hearingB.to hearC.to be hearingD.having heard12、 Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, ______ to find it locked.A．justB．onlyC．henceD．thus13、 Doctors see a connection between increased amounts of leisure time spent ______ and the increased number of cases of skin cancer.A.to sunbatheB.to have sunbathedC.having sunbathedD.sunbathing14、 Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled ______ a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.A．toB．withC．forD．on15、 On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont ______I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading "Boston". A．whichB．whereC．whenD．that16、 Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though ______ out of the office.A.wentB.goneC.to goD.would go17、 The roles expected ______ old people in such a setting give too few psychological satisfactions for normal happiness.A.ofB.onC.toD.with18、 Talk to anyone in the drug industry, ______ yon'll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.A.orB.andC.forD.so19、 It wasn't so much that I disliked her ______ that I just wasn't interested in the whole business.A．ratherB．soC．thanD．as20、 Countless divorced politicians would have been elected out of office years ago had they even thought of a divorce, let alone ______ one.A．gettingB．to getC．gottenD．get21、 He spoke so ______ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.A．bluntlyB．convincinglyC．emphaticallyD．determinedly22、 France's ______ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations. A．assumptionB．consumptionC．presumptionD．resumption23、 The 215-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October, ______ an outburst of interest.A.flaredB.glitteredC.sparkedD.flashed24、 His efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two parties ______.A.came offB.came onC.came roundD.came down25、 The system was redesigned so embrace the network and eventually ______ it in a profitable direction.A.adaptB.controlC.installD.steer26、 The capital intended to broaden the export base and ______ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled in stead of uneconomic import substitution.A.secureB.extendC.defendD.possess27、 It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be ______ at the manager's office.A.declaredB.obtainedC.reclaimedD.recognize28、 When I ______ my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.A．woke upB．took toC．picked upD．came to29、 The American society is ______ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.A．established onB．affiliated toC．originated fromD．incorporated with30、 I am not ______ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere else to live.A．concernedB．compatibleC．considerateD．complied31、 At first, the ______ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.A．transactionB．transmissionC．transformationD．transition32、 When the committee ______ to details, the proposed plan seemed impractical.A.got downB.set aboutC.went offD.came up33、 ______ to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are stilt covered with thick forests.A.OrientationB.AccessC.ProcessionD.Voyage34、 Mr. Smith had an unusual ______: he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.A.professionB.occupationC.positionD.career35、 The mayor is a woman with great ______ and therefore deserves our political and financial support.A．intentionB．instinctC．integrityD．intensity36、 The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest and ______ to everyone.A.speculationB.attributionC.utilizationD.proposition37、 The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs ______ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.A．rendersB．reckonsC．regardsD．relates38、 To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be ______, and display interest in the job.A.swiftB.instantC.timelyD.punctual39、 You don't have to install this radio in your new car; it's an ______ extra.A．excessiveB．optionalC．additionalD．arbitrary40、 We were pleased to note that the early morning delivery didn't ______ to the traffic jam of the busy city.A．aidB．amountC．addD．attribute41、 (Having isolated) on a remote island, (with) little work (to occupy) them, the soldiers suffered from boredom and low (spirits).A.Having isolatedB.withC.to occupyD.spirits42、 If the letter (to be mailed) (was placed) on the writing table an hour ago, it (is) certain (being) there now.A.to be mailedB.was placedC.isD.being43、 The (ruling) party could even lose (its) majority in the lower house of parliament, (started) a period of (prolonged struggling).A.rulingB.itsC.startedD.prolonged struggling44、 The mechanisms (at) work (are manifest) in the tendency for such physical activity (to) utilize the (potential) harmful constituents of the stress response.A.atB.are manifestC.toD.potential45、(In) the long run, however, this hurry (to shed) full-time staff may (be more) harmful (to) industry as it is to the workforce.A.InB.to shedC.be moreD.to46、 See to (it) that you include (in) the examination paper (whatever) questions they didn't know (the answer) last time.A.itB.inC.whateverD.the answer47、 Most newspapers, (while devoting) the major part of (its)space to recent events, usually manage to find (room) on the inside pages for articles (on) some interesting topics.A.while devotingB.itsC.roomD.on48、 One sign (by which) you are making progress in (an art) such as painting or photography is (that) you begin to realize how much (there is) to learn.A.by whichB.an artC.thatD.there is49、 The ideal listener stays both (inside and outside) the music at the moment it is played and (enjoying) it almost (as much as) the composer at the moment he (composes).A.inside and outsideB.enjoyingC.as much asposes50、(Continued) exposure to stress has been linked to (worsened) functioning of the immune system, (leaving) a personmore liable (for) infectionA.ContinuedB.worsenedC.leavingD.for参考答案：【一、Use of English】1~5CABAC6~10DBDCD11~50点击下载查看答案。
2000年考研英语真题及答案解析
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。
考研英语一翻译真题及解析(2000—2014)
2002年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2003
2003年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2004
2004年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2005
2005年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2006
2006年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2007
2007年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2008
2008年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2009
2009年考研英语一翻译真ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ及解析（英译汉）
2010
2010年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2011
2011年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2012
2012年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2013
2013年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
考研英语一翻译真题及解析（2000—2014）
考研英语翻译是一项对考生综合能力要求比较高的题型，它不仅要求考生对词汇、语法、语篇以及文化知识等有较好的掌握，还要求考生有很强的语言组织能力。
考研英语一翻译真题及解析（2000—2014）
2000
2000年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2001
2001年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）
2014
2014年考研英语一翻译真题及解析（英译汉）