2020上海崇明区高三一模英语试题及答案
2024届崇明区高三英语一模
崇明区2023学年第一学期高三第一次模拟考试英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填涂在答题纸上。
）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a hotel. B.In a bank. C.In a classroom. D.In a box office.2.A.18:25. B.18:55. C.19:05. D.19:15.3.A.There are different kinds of folders. B.It doesn’t matter which color she uses.C.This decision requires careful thought.D.The color shouldn’t suggest the content.4.A.He doesn’t like the man. B.He started the semester in a bad mood.C.He isn’t usually bad-tempered.D.He’ll be under great pressure next week.5.A.Find an apartment soon. B.Apply for campus housing.C.Avoid living near the campus.D.Share the place he’s renting.6.A.Their plans in the new semester. B.The items they’re going to deliver.C.Their part-time jobs in the vacation.D.The daily routines they share at school.7.A.Buy Daisy a new notebook. B.Apologize to Daisy again by phone.C.Go to see Daisy immediately.D.Leave Daisy alone for the time being.8.A.She doesn’t have a computer. B.She needs to have her computer repaired.C.She can’t understand the instructions.D.She has a doctor’s degree in computer science.9.A.He forgot to cancel the reservation. B.He doesn’t know how to get to the restaurant.C.They can go to the restaurant late at night.D.They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.10.A.He’s willing to help run the experiment. B.He’s busy working on his own experiment.C.He can act as a subject in the experiment.D.He thinks the experiment is hard to understand.Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.A new educational theory. B.An innovative try at teaching.C.A diligent university student.D.A serious subject in a university.12.A.Serious subjects to write about. B.Fierce competition among students.C.Happy and cooperative learning.D.Various topics for students to vote for.13.A.Suspicious at first but positive later. B.Welcome at first but uncertain later.C.Disapproving at first but shocked later.D.Excited at first but disappointed later.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.They are beneficial to his mind. B.They are helpful to his social relationship.C.They can boost the toy industry.D.They can attract attention to older people.15.A.They only reduce loneliness. B.They limit reasoning or thinking abilities.C.They can’t improve specific skills.D.They can’t help maintain independent living.16.A.The necessity of developing toys for older people.B.The type of toys that older people are interested in.C.Toy makers’effort to produce games for older people.D.Different views on the effects of toys on older people.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.A ghost story. B.The bears’habits.C.A scary movie.D.The camping atmosphere.18.A.They may get lost in the dark. B.Their food may be stolen by bears.C.Bears may mistake her for food.D.There may appear ghosts in the woods.19.A.Teach her wilderness first aid skills. B.Share his rich camping experiences.C.Guide her to breathe fresh air deeply.D.Distract her attention with ghost stories.20.A.He dislikes watching movies. B.He’s fond of being exposed to nature.C.He’s got little experience in camping.D.He believes there are no bears in the woods.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Life May Actually Flash Before Your Eyes on DeathNew data from a scientific“accident”has suggested that life may actually flash before our eyes as we die.A team of scientists set out to measure the brainwaves of an87-year-old patient who(21)_____(develop)epilepsy (癫痫)for many years.But during the neurological(神经学的)recording,he suffered a fatal heart attack,(22)_____ (offer)an unexpected recording of a dying brain.It revealed that in the30seconds before and after,the man’s brainwaves followed the same patterns as dreaming or recalling memories.Brain activity of this sort could suggest that a final“recall of life”may occur in a person’s last moments,the team wrote in their study,(23)_____(publish)in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience on Tuesday.Dr Ajmal Zemmar,a co-author of the study,said that what the team,then based in Vancouver,Canada,accidentally got,(24)_____(consider)the first-ever recording of a dying brain.So will we get a glimpse back at those moments(25) _____we stayed with loved ones and other happy memories?Dr Zemmar said it was impossible(26)_____(tell).“If I were to jump to the philosophical area,I would guess that if the brain did a flashback,it would probably like to remind you of good things,rather than the bad things,”he said.“But(27)_____is memorable would be different for every person.”Dr Zemmar,now a neurosurgeon at the University of Louisville,said in the30seconds(28)_____the patient’s heart stopped supplying blood to the brain,his brainwaves followed the same patterns as when we carry out high-cognitive demanding(高认知要求的)tasks,like concentrating,dreaming or recalling memories.It continued30 seconds after the patient’s heart stopped beating.“I think there’s(29)_____mysterious and spiritual about this whole near-death experience,”Dr Zemmar said.“And findings like this—it’s a moment(30)_____scientists live for.”Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.advantageB.anticipatingC.digitallyD.facilitatingE.geometryF.giantG.initiated H.painstakingly I.potentially J.reopened K.soughtHow Digital Modeling Plays a Key Role in Restoring the Notre Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院) It’s been more than four years since a fire damaged Notre Dame,the Catholic cathedral in Paris that’s historically drawn millions of visitors every year.Since then,people from around the world have united to support an effort,31by French President,that’s intended to have the building back open to the public by the end of next year.Teams working to restore the Gothic cathedral have32to rebuild much of the damaged sections using materials like oak wood(橡木)and stone that have stood the test of centuries.But the builders,architects and engineers do have the33of some21st century technologies,including modern b u i l d i n g i n f o r m a t i o n m o d e l i n g(B I M)s o f t w a r e t h a t e n a b l e s t h e m t o w o r k w i t h a(n) 34detailed3D digital model of the cathedral and surrounding site,backed by powerful cloud computing technology.“It allows you to really understand a lot of how a building fits together,how it’s constructed,”says Andrew Anagnost,CEO of design software35Autodesk.It has contributed technical consulting,software and financial assistance to the project since shortly after the fire.A digital model,which took more than a year to create,includes more than12,000objects.It was a complex process.Onsite workers captured the point-by-point3D36of the cathedral with laser(激光) and photo equipment.Then,others turned the data points from that process into detailed shapes and objects,down to individual building stones.That let experts see how the building shifted in the fire—important for37any stability issues—and plan out the process of reconstruction.“It’s like Mission:Impossible when they plan,”says Nicolas Mangon,VP of architecture,engineering and construction industry strategy at Autodesk.“Every little piece is done38,and with the3D model you can simulate (模拟)everything.”Even when the cathedral is39,the model may still serve important roles.Mangon says the company is c u r r e n t l y i n d i s c u s s i o n s a b o u t u s i n g i t t o m a n a g e a s p e c t s o f t h e c o m p l e x g o i n g f o r w a r d, 40using sensors that could show the exact location of any future fires.Section ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Sea levels along coastlines in the United States will rise about one foot by2050,with larger increases on the East and Gulf coasts,according to a comprehensive new report by climate scientists.Oceans have already risen about one foot in the last century,as climate change melts glaciers(冰川)and ice caps around the world.But the pace is41,scientists warn,and the next30years will see the same amount of sea level rise as the previous100.The report gives the most concrete and certain sea level42ever published for the U.S.And advances in computer models and real-world information about rising seas make it possible to see the future more43than ever.Sea level rise44dramatically for different parts of the U.S.coast.The ocean is not like a bucket of water that rises at the same time as more liquid is45.Ocean46push more water into some areas than others.Ice in different regions melts at different rates.In many parts of the world,sea level rise is47because coastal land is sinking.The new report adds up all those factors to give48estimates for different parts of the U.S.The authors predict about a foot and a half of sea level rise for the Gulf Coast by2050,with particular hot spots from Texas to Mississippi,where exploitation of underground oil,gas and drinking water is causing the land to rapidly49into the rising ocean water.There are50hot spots in the Mid-Atlantic region,including Annapolis,Md.and Norfolk, Va.Overall,the East Coast is51to experience a little more than a foot of sea level rise in the next30years.Sea level rise is happening more52on the West Coast,including much of southern and western Alaska,the report finds.The authors predict about six inches of sea level rise by2050.William Sweet,a sea level rise expert with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)and one of the authors of the new report,says cities that are not yet flooded should53now.Quickening sea level rise may require that humans54where and how we build homes,offices,roads and anything else that is better dry than wet. Right now,development in flood-prone(易发洪水的)areas is increasing,despite climate change.Beyond2050,the report makes clear that humans have a55:reduce greenhouse gas emissions and control sea level rise,or keep burning fossil fuels and face oceans that are two,three or even10feet higher than today.41.A.dying down B.paying back C.holding on D.speeding up42.A.records B.extremes C.predictions D.solutions43.A.flexibly B.clearly C.randomly D.incredibly44.A.continues B.impacts C.multiplies D.varies45.A.added B.drained C.spilt D.needed46.A.creatures B.currents C.ecosystems D.voyages47.A.stable B.crucial C.unlikely D.worse48.A.national B.regional C.apparent D.approximate49.A.dig B.turn C.collapse D.dive50.A.similar B.scenery C.distant D.diverse51.A.projected B.obliged C.permitted D.noticed52.A.sharply B.mysteriously C.unexpectedly D.slowly53.A.make sense B.take notice C.keep pace D.stay proud54.A.scheme B.cancel C.change D.delay55.A.promise B.quarrel C.choice D.protestDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most teachers assign novels for students to read not write.But many teachers nationwide are not only asking students to read novels but also giving them a month to write them.Yes,you read that right:one month.However,students participating in November’s National Novel Writing Month(NaNoWriMo)do not complain about being overworked.Instead,they have been known to ask,“Can we work on our novels today?”That’s because, above all,NaNoWriMo is meant to be fun.An exercise in“seat-of-your-pants”novel writing,it has almost no rules.The Office of Letters and Light is the nonprofit behind the event.It believes this carefree approach encourages writers to take imaginative risks and truly enjoy their work.Founded in1999,the adult version of the event requires only that you commit yourself to making an attempt at novel writing and submitting a novel of50,000words,no matter how good or bad they are,by the end of November.Since2005,NaNoWriMo has entered many classrooms,including those of National Writing Project teachers, through its Young Writers Program.In addition,teachers receive a classroom kit featuring a progress chart,stickers to mark word counts,and buttons for writers who cross the finish line.About1,800classrooms and45,000kids and teens participated last year.The rules for under-18writers are the same as those for adults.But there is one important exception:young writers can pick their own“reasonable yet challenging”word length.If a student elects to write,say,18,000words and achieves this goal in a month,he or she is a winner. Awards include a“handsome winner’s certificate”and a promotional code to receive a free bound proof copy of the finished novel.The Young Writers Program also facilitates Script Frenzy,a similar scriptwriting(剧本写作)event that happens each April and challenges participants to write a100-page script in30days.While young writers work primarily as individuals,teachers are also encouraged to write along with them.56.It can be inferred that students usually_____after participating in NaNoWriMo.A.enjoy themselvesB.overload themselvesC.look courageousD.become distracted57.By“seat-of-your-pants”in paragraph2,the author means_____.A.the novel writing activity gives its participants pants as awardsB.the participants have to stick on their seats for long writing novelsC.the participants are free to write whatever novels they can imagineD.the novel writing activity needs new rules for participants to follow58.What can be learned about the rules for adolescent writers?A.They should cross the finish line before participating.B.They can lengthen the duration of their writing process.C.They can decide on their novels’word counts themselves.D.They should submit novels on their teachers’recommendation.59.The passage is mainly aimed at_____.A.explaining the objectives of an eventB.giving a general introduction to an eventC.illustrating the benefits of novel writingD.attracting teachers to join a writing program(B)YOUR IMPACT BEGINS TODAYHelp us solve our world's mostpressing challengesWithyoursupport,we’re driving newknowledge,working to reduce ourhuman footprint on the planet,andinspiring a new generation ofchangemakers to value the naturalworld and help create a brighterfuture.100%of all donations go directly to our Explorers and programs.We’ve built a sustainable,innovative business model that allows us to invest every dollar you donate directly to our Explorers and programs.When you support the National Geographic Society,not only are you supporting your passion for the planet,but you also help protect its wonder.You ensure our mission lives on so we can continue exploring the planet,savingwildlife,protectingour ocean,empowering the world’s most innovative scientists to help solve the planet’s mysteries and challenges,and preserving our ancient heritage (遗产)for future generations.Your generous contribution will immediately go to work supporting the things you care passionately about —not operating costs.SUPPORT OUR WORKTax-free gifts National Geographic Society is a tax-free organization,and we rely on the generosity of donors like you to support our Explorers’work in science,exploration,education,and storytelling.Single and monthly donationsMake a gift today to help explore andprotect our planet.By givingmonthly,your reliable support allowsus to respond to the most pressingprogrammatic needs.Employer Matching Gifts Many companies have a matching gift program for employees.You give an amount and your company donates the same.Double your impact by exploring your employer’smatching gift programs.Honor/Memorial Giving Honor a friend or loved one’s passion for science,exploration,education,and storytelling by making an unusual gift in their name.60.The above webpage is aimed at _____.A.appealing to people to preserve ancient heritageB.guiding people to invest in a sustainable businessC.attracting donations to National Geographic SocietyD.publicizing the mission of National Geographic Society61.To make your contribution twice as much,you can _____.A.support the most pressing employerB.reduce the tax attached to the donationC.make it a gift in the name of your friendD.try your company’s matching gift programs 62.What can be learned about National Geographic Society?A.It needs no operating costs.B.It is dedicated to protecting nature.C.Its mission hasn’t been recognized.D.Its employees needn’t pay income tax.More than three billion people rely on the ocean to make a living,most of whom are in developing countries.As the global population increases,the demand for seafood is expected to rise,too.Although ocean ecosystems are stretched to the limit by climate change,overfishing and more,studies nevertheless suggest that seafood can be expanded sustainably to meet future food demands.Success will depend on small-scale fisheries.These fisheries can be remarkably efficient.Almost everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed. By contrast,around20%of the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated to be wasted,mainly because of unwanted by-catch.Small fishers rarely have the right resources to expand their operations,or even to survive.If they do scale up,they might lose some of their current advantages or engage in the same harmful practices as do large commercial fisheries. Managed with care,however,small fisheries could provide win-wins for livelihoods and the environment.Most nations already have management policies for marine ecosystems that provide for small-scale fisheries.But small-scale fishers’rights to access are often poorly defined,ineffectively enforced or unfairly distributed(分配). Government subsidies(补贴)also require reform.One estimate found that large-scale fishers receive about3.5times more subsidies than small-scale fishers do.Instead,subsidies and other funds should be directed towards small-scale fishers to let them expand their access to markets,while keeping them from adopting the negative practices of large-scale operations.The total global loss and waste from fisheries is estimated at between30%and35%annually primarily due to a lack of technology,good manufacturing practices,and infrastructure such as decent roads and cold storage.Public and private investment in cold-storage facilities and processing equipment could help.One promising strategy is to pair international or national funding with direct contracts for feeding programmes linked to schools,hospitals and similar facilities.Such arrangements would provide small fisheries with large,consistent markets and storage infrastructure that boosts local consumption and does not incentivize(刺激)overfishing.Moreover,simple incentive programmes could be conducted by funders,managers and local governments trying to promote sustainable fisheries.For example,local markets could display a rating system for individual fishers or small fisheries.This could include various elements of sustainability other than environmental ones—such as providing information on the type of fishing equipment,location of the catch and freshness.Promoting the rating as a social responsibility concept would inform consumers of the need to support sustainable fisheries.Anyway,only joint problem-solving efforts can deliver seafood protein,sustainably,to a world that increasingly needs it.63.The passage mainly tells us that_____.A.small fisheries can help the world if managed with careB.the global demand for seafood is increasing dramaticallyC.small-scale fisheries need to be commercialised urgentlyD.people in developing countries are more reliable on fishing64.Small-scale fisheries are more efficient because_____.A.what they catch is hardly wastedB.their by-catch accounts for a larger shareC.they catch fish by industrial meansD.their operation is limited within a small area65.What can be inferred about small fisheries’current situation?A.They gain no support from governments.B.They are expanding to meet local demands.C.They have little access to good resources.D.They impact marine ecosystems negatively.66.To promote sustainable fisheries,which of the following is one of the author’s suggestions?A.To initiate a rating system for small fishers to evaluate the local markets.B.To provide technology for small fisheries to boost their fishing efficiency.C.To inspire a sense of social responsibility in large-scale fishers and consumers.D.To facilitate direct cooperation between small fisheries and feeding programmes.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Here we show how this work translates to humans.B.Many college students experience irregular and insufficient sleep.C.The study evaluated more than600first-year students across five studies at three universities.D.Most surprising to me was that no matter what we did to make the effect go away,it persisted.E.The results are available in the Feb.13issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.F.Total nightly sleep is a potentially important and underappreciated behavior supporting academic achievement.Nightly Sleep Is Key to Student SuccessFor young adults,college is a time of transition.It may be the first time students have the freedom to determine how to spend their time,but this freedom comes with competing interests from academics,social events and even sleep.A multi-institutional team of researchers conducted the first study to evaluate how the duration of nightly sleep early in the semester affects first year college students’end-of-semester grade point average(GPA).Using sleep trackers, they found that students on average sleep6.5hours a night,but negative outcomes built up when students received less than six hours of sleep a night.67David Creswell,the William S.Dietrich II Professor in Psychology and Neuroscience at the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences,led a team of researchers to evaluate the relationship between sleep and GPA.“Animal studies have shown how critical sleep is for learning and memory,”said Creswell.“68The less nightly sleep a first-year college student gets at the beginning of the school term predicts lower GPA at the end of the ck of sleep may be hurting students’ability to learn in their college classrooms.”69The researchers found that students who receive less than six hours of sleep experienced a pronounced decline in academic performance.In addition,each hour of sleep lost corresponded to(相对应)a0.07decrease in end-of-term GPA.“Once you start dropping below six hours,you are starting to add massive sleep debt that can harm a student’s health and study habits,damaging the whole system,”said Creswell.“70”“A popular belief among college students is valuing studying more or partying more over nightly sleep,”said Creswell.“Our work here suggests that there are potentially real costs to reducing your nightly sleep on your ability to learn and achieve in college.There’s real value in budgeting for the importance of nightly sleep.”IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than e your own words as far as possible.71.Call a Physical TherapistYou get up from the sofa and-ow!Back pain takes your breath away.Do you reach for the pain pills?No!Call a physical therapist instead!More and more,physical therapy,or PT,is a common go-to for treating aches and pains.A physical therapist can treat almost any injury to give a patient a better quality of life.When it comes to treatment,one size does not fit all.A physical therapist personalizes a treatment plan based on their observations and the patient’s concerns.The goal is to help injured or ill people improve movement and manage pain,so they can live life to the fullest.These therapists work with patients who suffer from back or neck injuries.They help people recover from broken bones and surgeries as well as work-or sports-related injuries.Physical therapists also teach people how to stay in shape and prevent further injuries. Their hands-on(动手的)therapy includes strengthening or stretching exercises,ice or heat and more.No one can become a physical therapist without getting a doctor of physical therapy degree.After completing it,a person must pass a professional license exam before beginning to practice.Further,being a physical therapist can be mentally and physically draining because of the hands-on,personalized patient care required.A successful physical therapist needs to have great communication skills and an eye for detail.They should also be creative problem solvers as well as resourceful.For those looking for a satisfying career,PT is one to consider.The demand for the profession is growing faster than that of many other careers.Private clinics and hospitals hire physical therapists.Sports facilities and professional sports teams also employ them.Therapists may work in skilled nursing facilities or visit patients in their own homes.If someone wants to see the world,they may want to become a travel physical therapist.Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.这个保安负责又睿智，让公司避免了损失。
【2025届上海高三一模英语】2025届上海市崇明区高三英语一模试卷及答案
2024学年第一学期高三第一次模拟考试英语（考试时间105分钟，满分115分。
请将答案填涂在答题纸上）I. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Report: Harmful Waste Creation Set to IncreaseThe United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) said in a report that public waste creation will greatly increase by 2050. The rise will cause hundreds of billions of dollars of damage through biodiversity loss, climate change, and deadly pollution, UNEP reports.UNEP’s Global Waste Management Outlook 2024 says worldwide waste creation would greatly increase (1) _____ governments take urgent preventative measures.Damage (2) _____ (cause) by the growing waste would account for about $443 billion of the total cost.The report, called Beyond an Age of Waste: Turning Rubbish into a Resource, (3) _____ (release) during the U.N. Environment Assembly in Kenya early this week. The writers argue that humanity (4) _____ (move) backwards over the past ten years. They say humans are creating more waste, more pollution, and more climate changing gases.Waste prevention measures and improved waste treatment could reduce those costs, the report said. But it notes, there are major barriers (5) _____ such reforms.Negotiators are working toward an agreement (6) _____ (deal) with the especially damaging and dangerous pollution from plastics. They are beginning a fourth round of talks in April. UNEP Executive Director Inger Andersen said she is hopeful they will complete the agreement by the end of this year.Environmentalists and fossil fuel (化石燃料) producers continue to disagree about the terms of the agreement. They especially dispute (7) _____ the deal should center on reducing plastics production or increasing recycling and reuse.“There is an interest, especially among the countries (8) _____ are producing raw polymer (聚合物), but as I keep telling them, this is not an anti-plastic agreement,” Andersen told the reporters, (9) _____ (note) there would still be a need for plastics in vehicles and medical equipment.Andersen said (10) _____ she hopes is that no groups would work to block progress on the agreement, but instead “find a way forward that actually takes into account the fact that we are drowning in plastic.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. appealingB. attainableC. basicallyD.dramaticallyE. freedomF. kicksG. minimum H. prioritizes I. submits J. underlying K. withdrawalFIRE Movement: Financial Independence, Retire EarlyMany Americans are taking early retirement into their own hands by joining the FIRE movement, but it’s not for everyone.“Financial Independence, Retire Early” (FIRE) is a lifestyle movement that 11 extreme saving and investing to be able to retire earlier than traditional methods might allow. The goal of FIRE is to achieve financial 12 so investors can choose how to spend their time.“The concept of the movement is 13 having the financial flexibility to have the ultimate life flexibility,” says Rachael Burns, a financial planner at True Worth Financial Planning, based in Folsom, California.A NerdWallet survey found that of Americans who aren’t retired yet but plan to retire, 25% want to retire before age 50 and 18% want to retire in their 50s. The average age was 57, 10 years earlier than the full retirement age to get Social Security.People who use FIRE to retire early do so by 14 reducing their expenses, looking for ways to increase their income, and investing the money they save in a mix of tax-advantaged accounts as well as regular brokerage (佣金) accounts.Retiring early might sound 15 , but there are risks, and it’s not for everyone. For instance, if you stop working, you’ll have to be responsible for your own medical expenses until Medicare 16in around age 65, and your investments may not perform as well as you thought. Either one of those situations could have consequences such as having to raise your 17 rate or needing to re-enter the workforce. FIRE also requires cutting down expenses to the bare 18 so you have more income to invest, which not everyone can afford.“FIRE is a long-term strategy, and you can’t be too reactive to short-term economic events,” Burns said. “Y ou may need to adjust spending or saving in certain years based on market events, but the 19 strategy should stay the same.”If you don’t earn enough to cover your basic needs and save greatly for early retirement at the same time, FIRE may not be for you, Burns says. Lacking an emergency fund or owing high-interest debt may be other reasons that FIRE may not be 20 .II. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Administrators of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, are trying to harmonize tourists’ exploration of the site with the need to safeguard the murals(壁画), through innovative measures.Sandstorms, rainfall and tourist visits constitute the most severe 21 to the UNESCO World Heritage Site, said Wang Xiaowei, director of the Dunhuang Grottoes Monitoring Center at the Dunhuang Academy. Since the Mogao Caves opened to the public in 1979, the number of visitors has been 22 at an average annual rate of around 20 percent, reaching 2.15 million in 2019. “If you enter the caves during the 23 tourism months of July, August and September, you’ll find it hard to breathe,” Wang said. The carbon dioxide and moisture (潮气) breathed out by visitors increase inside the caves and cause damage to the murals, Wang said.To preserve the caves, the duration of visits is 24 and sometimes stopped during rain or dust storms. To ensure visitors aren’t 25 when restrictions are in place, the center provides a digital exhibition, he said. Currently, the center is being 26 to accommodate an additional 3,000 visitors on top of the existing capacity of 6,000.The Dunhuang Academy began 27 recording and storing images of murals and painted sculptures over 30 years ago. The digitization project has successfully 28 over 200 caves, with a dedicated team of 110 experts currently undertaking the work. “Digital technology not only serves cultural tourism but also 29 a historical record for future generations,” said Ding Xiaosheng, deputy director of the Institute of Cultural Heritage Digitization at the academy. Digitization also brings the wonders of the Mogao Caves to a 30 audience, according to Su Bomin, head of the Dunhuang Academy. “The Mogao Caves are 31 , and transporting them is impossible,” Su said. “However, with digitization, we can perfectly copy Dunhuang art exactly and show it worldwide, introducing Eastern culture to the world.”In 2016, the Digital Dunhuang went live, sharing high-definition images and 32 tours of the most beautiful 30 caves globally. Currently, visitors from 78 countries have 33 the murals, totaling over 16.8 million visits.Su said Dunhuang can 34 diverse cultural exchanges through its cultural relics (遗迹). “By digitizing these relics, we enable people worldwide to understand Dunhuang’s culture, thereby gaining a deeper appreciation for China’s historical 35 to diverse cultural exchanges — that is, an idea of inclusivity, mutual learning and a shared future,” he said.21. A. shortages B. restrictions C. contributions D. threats22. A. doubling B. growing C. continuing D. varying23. A. cultural B. previous C. peak D. commercial24. A. limited B. extended C. publicized D. concealed25. A. confused B. amazed C. scared D. disappointed26. A. expanded B. constructed C. decorated D. repaired27. A. exclusively B. digitally C. subjectively D. autonomously28. A. clarified B. highlighted C. covered D. strategized29. A. comes across B. turns over C. leaves behind D. lets alone30. A. global B. professional C. technological D. different31. A. complicated B. irreproducible C. controversial D. immovable32. A. virtual B. temporary C. conventional D. steady33. A. imitated B. accessed C. praised D. purchased34. A. reject B. provide C. adjust D. classify35. A. adaptation B. attention C. admission D. commitmentSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）The Pulitzers are American awards given within the United States for outstanding achievement in journalism as well as books, drama and music. Under these headings, there are 22 categories including online journalism, newspaper reporting, fiction, history, music, drama, poetry, photography and more. Recipients can be a news organization, an individual or a group of people.Each of the first 21 winners receives a $15,000 cash prize and a certificate. The twenty-second prize, however, is the Public Service Prize, which is always given to a news agency. Instead of cash, the news organization receives the Pulitzer Gold Medal. The name of the year’s winner is on one side of the coin and the year is on the other. All winners are honored and awarded their prizes at an annual lunch party. The event takes place at Columbia University, which was originally tasked with administering the award, and usually occurs in May.If it hadn’t been for a Hungarian-American named Joseph Pulitzer, the awards would never have come into existence. Pulitzer was born into a wealthy family in Hungary in 1847. He made his way to America and built a career in journalism. He developed a reputation as an ambitious and energetic young journalist. By 1872 Pulitzer had become a publisher, and six years later he owned a newspaper company. In 1883 he purchased yet another newspaper. He became known as someone who was not afraid to take a public stand against corruption (腐败).After a successful career in journalism, seven years before his death, Pulitzer wrote a will, leaving $2,000,000 to Columbia University. The money was to establish a school of journalism at Columbia and a set of awards. Pulitzer’s desire was to raise the standards of journalism. He hoped the prize would act as a stimulus for journalists to work for excellence — then and into the future.Faithfully following Pulitzer’s instructions, Columbia University awarded the very first Pulitzer Prizes in 1917. Today these awards are considered some of the most distinguished prizes in America.36. What can be known about the Pulitzers?A.Their recipients all get cash prizes.B. There are 21 winners each year.C. They are awarded worldwide.D. They go beyond journalism.37. It can be inferred from the passage that Joseph Pulitzer _____.A. was humorous and courageousB. was raised up in a journalist’s familyC. had a strong sense of justiceD. sought a goal of producing wealth38. Pulitzer established the prizes mainly to _____.A. facilitate better journalismB. diversify ways of access to journalismC. support Columbia UniversityD. stimulate people to become journalists39. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Pulitzer Prizes: Joseph Pulitzer’s Lifetime AmbitionB. Pulitzer Prizes: Some of America’s Greatest HonorsC. Pulitzer Prizes: Awards for Distinguished JournalistsD. Pulitzer Prizes: Annual Events at Columbia University（B）Winter storms create a higher risk of car accidents, hypothermia(体温过低), frostbite, and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Winter storms can bring extreme cold, freezing rain, snow, ice and high winds.IF YOU ARE UNDER A WINTER STORM WARNING, FIND SHELTER RIGHT AWAYWinter Storm WarningIssued when hazardous winter weather in the form of heavy snow or heavy freezing rain is upcoming or occurring. Winter Storm Warnings are usually issued 12 to 24 hours before the event is expected to begin.Winter Weather AdvisoryIssued for accumulations (积聚) of snow and freezing rain which will cause significant inconveniences and, if measures are not taken, could lead to life-threatening situations. Preparing for Winter WeatherPrepare your home to keep out the cold. Learn how to keep pipes from freezing. Install and test smoke alarms and carbon monoxide detectors with battery backups. Gather supplies in case you need to stay home for several days without power. Keep in mind each person’s specific needs, including medication. Remember the needs of your pets. Have extra batteries for radios and flashlights.In Case of EmergencyBe prepared for winter weather at home, at work and inyour car. Create an emergency supply kit for your car.Include sand, a flashlight, warm clothes, blankets, bottled water and snacks. Keep a full tank of gas.Avoid carbon monoxide poisoning. Only use generators and grills (烤架) outdoors andaway from windows. Never heat your home with gas appliances.∙ Stay off roads if at all possible. If trapped in your car, then stay inside. ∙ Limit your time outside. If you need to go outside, then wear layers of warm clothing. Watch forsigns of frostbite and hypothermia.40. Which of the following pictures when clicked will most probably lead you to the above webpage?A. B.C.D.41. To get ready for winter weather, you should _____.A. send your pets to animal sheltersB. warm your home with gas appliancesC. remove pipes to prevent them freezingD. get necessities in case of life without power42. _____ is a good way to stay safe during winter weather.A. Trying to stay insideB. Driving a car when going outC. Wearing water-proof clothesD. Using generators to keep warm（C ）A recent groundbreaking study by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) forecasts massive financial damages due to climate change, projecting annual damages of about $38 trillion ($38 million million) by the year 2050. This figure highlights the severe economic challenges that lie ahead on a global scale, with the greatest impacts expected to burden the countries least responsible for greenhouse emissions (排放).The economic damage, estimated between $19 trillion to $59 trillion by mid-century, primarily stems from increased temperatures and their subsequent impact on agriculture, labor productivity, and infrastructure (基础设施). The study also notes potential increases in costs due to more frequent and severe weather events, which are expected to become more common as global temperatures rise.The findings reveal a disconcerting disparity : nations within the tropical (热带的) regions, which have contributed least to historical carbon emissions, are predicted to suffer income losses 60% greater than those in higher-income, higher-emission countries. This highlights a significant climatejusticeissue, as these least-developed nations possess fewer resources to adapt to increasing climate impacts.Anders Levermann, head of complexity science at PIK and co-author of the study, emphasized the inequity and urgency of the situation. “Countries in the tropics will suffer the most because they are already warmer. Further temperature increases will therefore be most harmful there,” he explained. Levermann argues for a rapid structural shift towards renewable energy to ease these impacts and stabilize global temperatures.When placed alongside other major climate impact forecasts, the PIK study stands out for its comprehensive data analysis and harsh projections. Previous studies have similarly highlighted the economic damages of climate change but lacked the extensive regional and specific insights this study provides.The study strongly advocates for great and immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to avoid the worst of these economic damages. It suggests that slowing climate change is not only a moral and environmental must but also economically advantageous, as the cost of inaction is far greater than the expenses associated with reducing global warming to manageable levels.The socioeconomic consequences of such extensive economic losses could lead to heightened global inequality and potentially, social unrest. This projection stresses the importance of international cooperation in climate action plans and the development of fair policies that recognize and make up for the inequities faced by the less developed nations most affected by climate change.43. Climate change will cause massive economic damage worldwide by 2050 mainly because _____.A. the average world temperature will increase much faster than expectedB. rising temperatures will damage farming, infrastructure and productivityC. big countries will experience economic crises due to more severe weather eventsD. tropical regions are unprepared to adapt to the damages caused by climate change44. By “a disconcerting disparity” in paragraph 4, the author means _____.A. poor countries least responsible for emission will suffer most in economyB. it is projected that people in tropical countries will earn 60% less by 2050C. higher-income countries are reluctant to invest in slowing global warmingD. higher-emission countries are trying to justify their role in climate impacts45. The PIK study arouses the public attention due to _____.A. its rigid climate impact forecastsB. its overall statistics and the severity of its findingsC. its different approach to analyzing dataD. its similar regional insights on economic damages46. What does the PIK study imply?A. Fair policies should be established to avoid further rising of temperatures.B. Reducing gas emissions will benefit the environment but harm the economy.C. Inequality should be reduced through cooperation in fighting climate change.D. Wealthy countries should bear the whole cost of coping with global warming.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.One 7-minute block had people sitting in silence.B.In this case, the brain might be tuning into the music.C.The authors suggested it was evidence of music being more than a distraction from anunpleasant experience.D.And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet andemotional experiences.E.Nevertheless, while our bodies still feel the pain, the messages to make our conscious mindperceive the pain may not be relayed.F.People who listened to bittersweet songs also reported more thrills (震颤感) and shivers (哆嗦)on the skin from listening to pleasurable music.Certain Types of Music Could Help You Feel Less Pain, New Study Says There is no doubt that music can calm the soul for some, and it turns out that it could also be a temporary reliever for physical pain.Listening to favorite songs could reduce people’s perception of pain, according to a new study.47The small study invited 63 young adults to bring two of their favorite songs, and the only requirement was that they needed to be at least 3 minutes and 20 seconds long. One selection represented their favorite music of all time. The other was the song they would bring with them on a desert island. The researchers also had the young adults pick one of seven songs that the team considered relaxing and were unfamiliar to the study participants.Each person underwent 7-minute blocks where they were instructed to stare at a monitor screen while listening to their favorite music, one of the seven relaxing instrumental songs (each of which lasted for 6 minutes and 40 seconds), or a scrambled (杂乱的) version of both songs and the relaxing song chosen. 48 All the while, the researchers stuck a hot object — similar to the pain of a boiling hot teacup on your skin — to the participants’ left inner forearms.When rating their experiences, people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing song or silence. The scrambled songs did not reduce pain either. 49After interviewing the participants about the song they brought and their rating of pain, the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with calming or cheerful themes.50 This was associated with lower ratings of unpleasantness produced by the burning pain they felt in the experiment.III. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.51. Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)Most humans have some physical characteristics that they wish they could change, such as a facial feature or extra fat. Many people can comfortably live with these characteristics, but for some, their negative body image significantly affects their daily lives. The latter group are said to have body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). They find some common aspects, including the face or stomach, impossible to accept.People with BDD often try to alter these features by exercising, changing their hairstyle, using skin care products or even getting plastic surgery. Or they may try to hide the features under clothing or makeup. They may look at mirrors constantly or avoid them altogether. They may ask others for reassurance (安慰) that they look OK but not believe that reassurance when it comes. People with BDD sometimes pick at their skin or constantly comb (梳) their hair; at its worst, BDD can lead people to consider or attempt suicide.BDD is often not diagnosed until 10 to 15 years after it develops, largely because it takes time for people to realize their feelings are not normal. But early detection makes a significant difference in quality of life as it allows people to take measures to prevent BDD from getting worse. The primary treatment for BDD is therapy, which often involves teaching the patient to challenge negative thoughts as they come. Some doctors may also prescribe antidepressants(开抗抑郁药). Plastic surgery is not effective at making people with BDD feel better. In fact, the changes in appearance brought about by surgery often compound the problem.If someone you know has BDD, assuring them that they look good will probably not help. Instead, listen patiently and encourage them to seek treatment. And if you think you have BDD, consult a doctor or a trusted friend. The earlier the problem is addressed, the better.IV. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 这位老人虽无儿无女，但侄女一直在精心照料着他的起居。
上海市崇明区2025届高三上学期一模 英语试卷(含答案)
2024学年第一学期高三第一次模拟考试英语（考试时间105分钟，满分115分。
请将答案填涂在答题纸上）I. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Report: Harmful Waste Creation Set to IncreaseThe United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) said in a report that public waste creation will greatly increase by 2050. The rise will cause hundreds of billions of dollars of damage through biodiversity loss, climate change, and deadly pollution, UNEP reports.UNEP’s Global Waste Management Outlook 2024 says worldwide waste creation would greatly increase (1) _____ governments take urgent preventative measures.Damage (2) _____ (cause) by the growing waste would account for about $443 billion of the total cost.The report, called Beyond an Age of Waste: Turning Rubbish into aResource, (3) _____ (release) during the U.N. Environment Assembly in Kenya early this week. The writers argue that humanity (4) _____ (move) backwards over the past ten years. They say humans are creating more waste, more pollution, and more climate changing gases.Waste prevention measures and improved waste treatment could reduce those costs, the report said. But it notes, there are major barriers (5) _____ such reforms.Negotiators are working toward an agreement (6) _____ (deal) with the especially damaging and dangerous pollution from plastics. They are beginning a fourth round of talks in April. UNEP Executive Director Inger Andersen said she is hopeful they will complete the agreement by the end of this year.Environmentalists and fossil fuel (化石燃料) producers continue to disagree about the terms of the agreement. They especially dispute (7) _____ the deal should center on reducing plastics production or increasing recycling and reuse.“There is an interest, especially among the countries (8) _____ are producing raw polymer (聚合物), but as I keep telling them, this is not an anti-plastic agreement,” Andersen told the reporters, (9) _____ (note) there would still be a need for plastics in vehicles and medical equipment.Andersen said (10) _____ she hopes is that no groups would work to block progress on the agreement, but instead “find a way forward that actually takes into account the fact that we are drowning in plastic.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. appealingB. attainableC. basicallyD. dramaticallyE. freedomF. kicksG. minimum H. prioritizes I. submits J. underlying K. withdrawal FIRE Movement: Financial Independence, Retire EarlyMany Americans are taking early retirement into their own hands by joining the FIRE movement, but it’s not for everyone.“Financial Independence, Retire Early” (FIRE) is a lifestyle movement that 11 extreme saving and investing to be able to retire earlier than traditional methods might allow. The goal of FIRE is to achieve financial 12 so investors can choose how to spend their time. “The concept of the movement is 13 having the financial flexibility to have the ultimate life flexibility,” says Rachael Burns, a f inancial planner at True Worth Financial Planning, based in Folsom, California.A NerdWallet survey found that of Americans who aren’t retired yet but plan to retire, 25% want to retire before age 50 and 18% want to retire in their 50s. The average age was 57, 10 years earlier than the full retirement age to get Social Security.People who use FIRE to retire early do so by 14 reducing their expenses, looking for ways to increase their income, and investing the money they save in a mix of tax-advantaged accounts as well as regular brokerage (佣金) accounts.Retiring early might sound 15 , but there are risks, and it’s not for everyone. For instance, if you stop working, you’ll have to be responsible for your own medical expenses until Medicare 16in around age 65, and your investments may not perform as well as you thought. Either one of those situations could have consequences such as having to raise your 17 rate or needing to re-enter the workforce. FIRE also requires cutting down expenses to the bare 18 so you have more income to invest, which not everyone can afford.“FIRE is a long-term strategy, and you can’t be too reactive to short-term economic events,” Burns said. “You may need to adjust spending or saving in certain years based on market events, but the 19strategy should stay the same.”If you don’t earn enough to cover your basic needs and save greatly for early retirement at the same time, FIRE may not be for you, Burns says. Lacking an emergency fund or owing high-interest debt may be other reasons that FIRE may not be 20 .II. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Administrators of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, are trying to harmonize tourists’ exploration of the site with the need to safeguard the murals (壁画), through innovative measures. Sandstorms, rainfall and tourist visits constitute the most severe 21 to the UNESCO World Heritage Site, said Wang Xiaowei, director of the Dunhuang Grottoes Monitoring Center at the Dunhuang Academy. Since the Mogao Caves opened to the public in 1979, the number of visitors has been 22 at an average annual rate of around 20 percent, reaching 2.15 million in 2019. “If you enter the caves during the 23 tourism months of July, August and September, you’ll find it hard to breathe,” Wang said. The carbon dioxide and moisture (潮气) breathed out by visitors increase inside the caves and cause damage to the murals, Wang said.To preserve the caves, the duration of visits is 24 and sometimes stopped during rain or dust storms. To ensure visitors aren’t 25 when restrictions are in place, the center provides a digital exhibition, he said. Currently, the center is being 26 to accommodate an additional 3,000 visitors on top of the existing capacity of 6,000.The Dunhuang Academy began 27 recording and storing images of murals and painted sculptures over 30 years ago. The digitization project has successfully 28 over 200 caves, with a dedicated team of 110 experts currently undertaking the work. “Digital technology not only serves cultural tourism but also 29 a historical record for future generations,” said Ding Xiaosheng, deputy director of the Institute of Cultural Heritage Digitization at the academy. Digitization also brings the wonders of the Mogao Caves to a 30 audience, according to Su Bomin, head of the Dunhuang Academy. “The Mogao Caves are 31 , and transporting them is impossible,” Su said. “However, with digitization, we can perfectly copy Dunhuang art exactly and show it worldwide, introducing Eastern culture to the world.”In 2016, the Digital Dunhuang went live, sharing high-definition images and 32 tours of the most beautiful 30 caves globally. Currently, visitors from 78 countries have 33 the murals, totalingover 16.8 million visits.Su said Dunhuang can 34 diverse cultural exchanges through its cultural relics (遗迹). “By digitizing these relics, we enable people worldwide to understand Dunhuang’s culture, thereby gaining a deeper appreciation for China’s historical 35 to diverse cultural exchanges — that is, an idea of inclusivity, mutual learning and a shared future,” he said.21. A. shortages B. restrictions C. contributions D. threats22. A. doubling B. growing C. continuing D. varying23. A. cultural B. previous C. peak D. commercial24. A. limited B. extended C. publicized D. concealed25. A. confused B. amazed C. scared D. disappointed26. A. expanded B. constructed C. decorated D. repaired27. A. exclusively B. digitally C. subjectively D. autonomously28. A. clarified B. highlighted C. covered D. strategized29. A. comes across B. turns over C. leaves behind D. lets alone30. A. global B. professional C. technological D. different31. A. complicated B. irreproducible C. controversial D. immovable32. A. virtual B. temporary C. conventional D. steady33. A. imitated B. accessed C. praised D. purchased34. A. reject B. provide C. adjust D. classify35. A. adaptation B. attention C. admission D. commitmentSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）The Pulitzers are American awards given within the United States for outstanding achievement in journalism as well as books, drama and music. Under these headings, there are 22 categories including online journalism, newspaper reporting, fiction, history, music, drama, poetry, photography and more. Recipients can be a news organization, an individual or a group of people.Each of the first 21 winners receives a $15,000 cash prize and a certificate. The twenty-second prize, however, is the Public Service Prize, which is always given to a news agency. Instead of cash, the news organization receives the Pulitzer Gold Medal. The name of the year’s winner is on one side of the coin and the year is on th e other. All winners are honored and awarded their prizes at an annual lunch party. The event takes place at Columbia University, which was originally tasked with administering the award, and usually occurs in May.If it hadn’t been for a Hungarian-American named Joseph Pulitzer, the awards would never have come into existence. Pulitzer was born into a wealthy family in Hungary in 1847. He made his way to America and built a career in journalism. He developed a reputation as an ambitious and energetic young journalist. By 1872 Pulitzer had become a publisher, and six years later he owned a newspaper company. In 1883 he purchased yet another newspaper. He became known as someone who was not afraid to take a public stand against corruption (腐败).After a successful career in journalism, seven years before his death, Pulitzer wrote a will, leaving $2,000,000 to Columbia University. The money was to establish a school of journalism at Columbia and a set of awards. Pulitzer’s desire was to raise the standards of journalism. He hoped the prize would act as a stimulus for journalists to work for excellence — then and into the future. Faithfully following Pulitzer’s instructions, Columbia University awarded the very first Pulitzer Prizes in 1917. Today these awards are considered some of the most distinguished prizes in America.36. What can be known about the PulitzersA.Their recipients all get cash prizes.B. There are 21 winners each year.C. They are awarded worldwide.D. They go beyond journalism.37. It can be inferred from the passage that Joseph Pulitzer _____.A. was humorous and courageousB. was raised up in a journalist’s familyC. had a strong sense of justiceD. sought a goal of producing wealth38. Pulitzer established the prizes mainly to _____.A. facilitate better journalismB. diversify ways of access to journalismC. support Columbia UniversityD. stimulate people to become journalists39. Which of the following is the best title for the passageA. Pulitzer Prizes: Joseph Pulitzer’s Lifetime AmbitionB. Pulitzer Prizes: Some of America’s Greatest HonorsC. Pulitzer Prizes: Awards for Distinguished JournalistsD. Pulitzer Prizes: Annual Events at Columbia University（B）Winter storms create a higher risk of car accidents, hypothermia (体温过低), frostbite, and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Winter storms can bring extreme cold, freezing rain, snow, ice and high winds.IF YOU ARE UNDER A WINTER STORM WARNING, FIND SHELTER RIGHT AWAYWinter Storm Warning Issued when hazardous winter weather in the form of heavy snow or heavy freezing rain is upcoming or occurring. Winter Storm Warnings are usually issued 12 to 24 hours before the event is expected to begin. Winter Weather Advisory Issued for accumulations (积聚) of snow and freezing rain which will cause significant inconveniences and, if measures are not taken, could lead to life-threatening situations. Preparing for Winter Weather Prepare your home to keep out the cold. Learn how to keep pipes from freezing. Install and test smoke alarms and carbon monoxide detectors with battery backups. Gather supplies in case you need to stay home for several days without power. Keep in mind each person’s specific needs, including medication. Remember the needs of your pets. Have extra batteries for radios and flashlights. In Case of Emergency Be prepared for winter weather at home, at work and in your car. Create an emergency supply kit for your car. Include sand, a flashlight, warm clothes, blankets, bottled water and snacks. Keep a full tank of gas.Avoid carbon monoxide poisoning. Only use generators and grills (烤架) outdoors and away from windows. Never heat your home with gas appliances.Stay off roads if at all possible. If trapped in your car, then stay inside. Limit your time outside. If you need to go outside, thenwear layers of warm clothing. Watch for signs of frostbite and hypothermia.40. Which of the following pictures when clicked will most probably lead you to the above webpageA. B.C. D.41. To get ready for winter weather, you should _____.A. send your pets to animal sheltersB. warm your home with gas appliancesC. remove pipes to prevent them freezingD. get necessities in case of life without power42. _____ is a good way to stay safe during winter weather.A. Trying to stay insideB. Driving a car when going outC. Wearing water-proof clothesD. Using generators to keep warm （C）A recent groundbreaking study by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) forecasts massive financial damages due to climate change, projecting annual damages of about $38 trillion ($38 million million) by the year 2050. This figure highlights the severe economic challenges that lie ahead on a global scale, with the greatest impacts expected to burden the countries least responsible for greenhouse emissions (排放).The economic damage, estimated between $19 trillion to $59 trillion by mid-century, primarily stems from increased temperatures and their subsequent impact on agriculture, labor productivity, and infrastructure (基础设施). The study also notes potential increases in costs due to more frequent and severe weather events, which are expected to become more common as global temperatures rise.The findings reveal a disconcerting disparity: nations within the tropical (热带的) regions, which have contributed least to historical carbon emissions, are predicted to suffer income losses 60% greater than those in higher-income, higher-emission countries. This highlights a significant climate justice issue, as these least-developed nations possess fewer resources to adapt to increasing climate impacts.Anders Levermann, head of complexity science at PIK and co-author of the study, emphasized the inequity and urgency of the situation. “Countries in the tropics will suffer the most because they are already warmer. Further temperature increases will therefore be most harmful there,” he explained. Levermann argues for a rapid structural shift towards renewable energy to ease these impacts and stabilize global temperatures.When placed alongside other major climate impact forecasts, thePIK study stands out for its comprehensive data analysis and harsh projections. Previous studies have similarly highlighted the economic damages of climate change but lacked the extensive regional and specific insights this study provides.The study strongly advocates for great and immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to avoid the worst of these economic damages. It suggests that slowing climate change is not only a moral and environmental must but also economically advantageous, as the cost of inaction is far greater than the expenses associated with reducing global warming to manageable levels.The socioeconomic consequences of such extensive economic losses could lead to heightened global inequality and potentially, social unrest. This projection stresses the importance of international cooperation in climate action plans and the development of fair policies that recognize and make up for the inequities faced by the less developed nations most affected by climate change.43. Climate change will cause massive economic damage worldwide by 2050 mainly because _____.A. the average world temperature will increase much faster than expectedB. rising temperatures will damage farming, infrastructure and productivityC. big countries will experience economic crises due to more severe weather eventsD. tropical regions are unprepared to adapt to the damages caused by climate change44. By “a disconcerting disparity” in paragraph 4, the author means _____.A. poor countries least responsible for emission will suffer most in economyB. it is projected that people in tropical countries will earn 60% less by 2050C. higher-income countries are reluctant to invest in slowing global warmingD. higher-emission countries are trying to justify their role in climate impacts45. The PIK study arouses the public attention due to _____.A. its rigid climate impact forecastsB. its overall statistics and the severity of its findingsC. its different approach to analyzing dataD. its similar regional insights on economic damages46. What does the PIK study implyA. Fair policies should be established to avoid further rising of temperatures.B. Reducing gas emissions will benefit the environment but harm the economy.C. Inequality should be reduced through cooperation in fighting climate change.D. Wealthy countries should bear the whole cost of coping with global warming.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. One 7-minute block had people sitting in silence. In this case, the brain might be tuning into the music. The authors suggested it was evidence of music being more than a distraction from an unpleasant experience. And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet and emotional experiences. Nevertheless, while our bodies still feel the pain, the messages to make our conscious mind perceive the pain may not be relayed. People who listened to bittersweet songs also reported more thrills (震颤感) and shivers (哆嗦) on the skin from listening to pleasurable music.Certain Types of Music Could Help You Feel Less Pain, New Study SaysThere is no doubt that music can calm the soul for some, and it turns out that it could also be a temporary reliever for physical pain. Listening to favorite songs could reduce people’s perception of pain, according to a new study.47The small study invited 63 young adults to bring two of their favorite songs, and the only requirement was that they needed to be at least 3 minutes and 20 seconds long. One selection represented their favorite music of all time. The other was the song they would bring with them on a desert island. The researchers also had the young adults pick one of seven songs that the team considered relaxing and were unfamiliar to the study participants. Each person underwent 7-minute blocks where they were instructed to stare at a monitor screen while listening to their favorite music, one of the seven relaxing instrumental songs (each of which lasted for 6 minutes and 40 seconds), or a scrambled (杂乱的) version of both songs and the relaxing song chosen. 48 All the while, the researchers stuck a hot object — similar to the pain of a boiling hot teacup on your skin —to the participants’ left inner forearms.When rating their experiences, people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing song or silence. The scrambled songs did not reduce pain either. 49After interviewing the participants about the song they brought and their rating of pain, the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with calming or cheerful themes.50 This was associated with lower ratings of unpleasantness produced by the burning pain they felt in the experiment.III. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.51. Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)Most humans have some physical characteristics that they wish they could change, such as a facial feature or extra fat. Many people can comfortably live with these characteristics, but for some, their negative body image significantly affects their daily lives. The latter group are said to have body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). They find some common aspects, including the face or stomach, impossible to accept.People with BDD often try to alter these features by exercising, changing their hairstyle, using skin care products or even getting plastic surgery. Or they may try to hide the features under clothing or makeup. They may look at mirrors constantly or avoid them altogether. They may ask others for reassurance (安慰) that they look OK but not believe that reassurance when it comes. People with BDD sometimes pick at their skin or constantly comb (梳) their hair; at its worst, BDD can lead people to consider or attempt suicide.BDD is often not diagnosed until 10 to 15 years after it develops, largely because it takes time for people to realize their feelings are not normal. But early detection makes a significant difference in quality of life as it allows people to take measures to prevent BDD from getting worse. The primary treatment for BDD is therapy, which often involves teaching the patient to challenge negative thoughts as they come. Some doctors may also prescribe antidepressants (开抗抑郁药). Plastic surgery is not effective at making people with BDD feel better. In fact, the changes in appearance brought about by surgery often compound the problem.If someone you know has BDD, assuring them that they look good will probably not help. Instead, listen patiently and encourage themto seek treatment. And if you think you have BDD, consult a doctor or a trusted friend. The earlier the problem is addressed, the better. IV. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 这位老人虽无儿无女，但侄女一直在精心照料着他的起居。
2024届上海市崇明区高三一模英语试卷(含答案)
2024届上海市崇明区高三一模英语试卷（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a hotel. B.In a bank. C.In a classroom. D.In a box office.2.A.18:25. B.18:55. C.19:05. D.19:15.3.A.There are different kinds of folders. B.It doesn’t matter which color she uses.C.This decision requires careful thought.D.The color shouldn’t suggest the content.4.A.He doesn’t like the man. B.He started the semester in a bad mood.C.He isn’t usually bad-tempered.D.He’ll be under great pressure next week.5.A.Find an apartment soon. B.Apply for campus housing.C.Avoid living near the campus.D.Share the place he’s renting.6.A.Their plans in the new semester. B.The items they’re going to deliver.C.Their part-time jobs in the vacation.D.The daily routines they share at school.7.A.Buy Daisy a new notebook. B.Apologize to Daisy again by phone.C.Go to see Daisy immediately.D.Leave Daisy alone for the time being.8.A.She doesn’t have a computer. B.She needs to have her computer repaired.C.She can’t understand the instructions.D.She has a doctor’s degree in computer science.9.A.He forgot to cancel the reservation. B.He doesn’t know how to get to the restaurant.C.They can go to the restaurant late at night.D.They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.10.A.He’s willing to help run the experiment. B.He’s busy working on his own experiment.C.He can act as a subject in the experiment.D.He thinks the experiment is hard to understand.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.A new educational theory. B.An innovative try at teaching.C.A diligent university student.D.A serious subject in a university.12.A.Serious subjects to write about. B.Fierce competition among students.C.Happy and cooperative learning.D.Various topics for students to vote for.13.A.Suspicious at first but positive later. B.Welcome at first but uncertain later.C.Disapproving at first but shocked later.D.Excited at first but disappointed later.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.They are beneficial to his mind. B.They are helpful to his social relationship.C.They can boost the toy industry.D.They can attract attention to older people.15.A.They only reduce loneliness. B.They limit reasoning or thinking abilities.C.They can’t improve specific skills.D.They can’t help maintain independent living.16.A.The necessity of developing toys for older people.B.The type of toys that older people are interested in.C.Toy makers’effort to produce games for older people.D.Different views on the effects of toys on older people.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.A ghost story. B.The bears’habits.C.A scary movie.D.The camping atmosphere.18.A.They may get lost in the dark. B.Their food may be stolen by bears.C.Bears may mistake her for food.D.There may appear ghosts in the woods.19.A.Teach her wilderness first aid skills. B.Share his rich camping experiences.C.Guide her to breathe fresh air deeply.D.Distract her attention with ghost stories.20.A.He dislikes watching movies. B.He’s fond of being exposed to nature.C.He’s got little experience in camping.D.He believes there are no bears in the woods.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Life May Actually Flash Before Your Eyes on DeathNew data from a scientific“accident”has suggested that life may actually flash before our eyes as we die.A team of scientists set out to measure the brainwaves of an87-year-old patient who(21)_____(develop)epilepsy (癫痫)for many years.But during the neurological(神经学的)recording,he suffered a fatal heart attack,(22)_____ (offer)an unexpected recording of a dying brain.It revealed that in the30seconds before and after,the man’s brainwaves followed the same patterns as dreaming or recalling memories.Brain activity of this sort could suggest that a final“recall of life”may occur in a person’s last moments,the team wrote in their study,(23)_____(publish)in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience on Tuesday.Dr Ajmal Zemmar,a co-author of the study,said that what the team,then based in Vancouver,Canada,accidentally got,(24)_____(consider)the first-ever recording of a dying brain.So will we get a glimpse back at those moments(25) _____we stayed with loved ones and other happy memories?Dr Zemmar said it was impossible(26)_____(tell).“If I were to jump to the philosophical area,I would guess that if the brain did a flashback,it would probably like to remind you of good things,rather than the bad things,”he said.“But(27)_____is memorable would be different for every person.”Dr Zemmar,now a neurosurgeon at the University of Louisville,said in the30seconds(28)_____the patient’s heart stopped supplying blood to the brain,his brainwaves followed the same patterns as when we carry out high-cognitive demanding(高认知要求的)tasks,like concentrating,dreaming or recalling memories.It continued30 seconds after the patient’s heart stopped beating.“I think there’s(29)_____mysterious and spiritual about this whole near-death experience,”Dr Zemmar said.“And findings like this—it’s a moment(30)_____scientists live for.”Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.advantageB.anticipatingC.digitallyD.facilitatingE.geometryF.giantG.initiated H.painstakingly I.potentially J.reopened K.soughtHow Digital Modeling Plays a Key Role in Restoring the Notre Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院) It’s been more than four years since a fire damaged Notre Dame,the Catholic cathedral in Paris that’s historically drawn millions of visitors every year.Since then,people from around the world have united to support an effort,31by French President,that’s intended to have the building back open to the public by the end of next year.Teams working to restore the Gothic cathedral have32to rebuild much of the damaged sections using materials like oak wood(橡木)and stone that have stood the test of centuries.But the builders,architects and engineers do have the33of some21st century technologies,including modern b u i l d i n g i n f o r m a t i o n m o d e l i n g(B I M)s o f t w a r e t h a t e n a b l e s t h e m t o w o r k w i t h a(n) 34detailed3D digital model of the cathedral and surrounding site,backed by powerful cloud computing technology.“It allows you to really understand a lot of how a building fits together,how it’s constructed,”says Andrew Anagnost,CEO of design software35Autodesk.It has contributed technical consulting,software and financial assistance to the project since shortly after the fire.A digital model,which took more than a year to create,includes more than12,000objects.It was a complex process.Onsite workers captured the point-by-point3D36of the cathedral with laser(激光) and photo equipment.Then,others turned the data points from that process into detailed shapes and objects,down to individual building stones.That let experts see how the building shifted in the fire—important for37any stability issues—and plan out the process of reconstruction.“It’s like Mission:Impossible when they plan,”says Nicolas Mangon,VP of architecture,engineering and construction industry strategy at Autodesk.“Every little piece is done38,and with the3D model you can simulate (模拟)everything.”Even when the cathedral is39,the model may still serve important roles.Mangon says the company is c u r r e n t l y i n d i s c u s s i o n s a b o u t u s i n g i t t o m a n a g e a s p e c t s o f t h e c o m p l e x g o i n g f o r w a r d, 40using sensors that could show the exact location of any future fires.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Sea levels along coastlines in the United States will rise about one foot by2050,with larger increases on the East and Gulf coasts,according to a comprehensive new report by climate scientists.Oceans have already risen about one foot in the last century,as climate change melts glaciers(冰川)and ice caps around the world.But the pace is41,scientists warn,and the next30years will see the same amount of sea level rise as the previous100.The report gives the most concrete and certain sea level42ever published for the U.S.And advances in computer models and real-world information about rising seas make it possible to see the future more43than ever.Sea level rise44dramatically for different parts of the U.S.coast.The ocean is not like a bucket of water that rises at the same time as more liquid is45.Ocean46push more water into some areas than others.Ice in different regions melts at different rates.In many parts of the world,sea level rise is47because coastal land is sinking.The new report adds up all those factors to give48estimates for different parts of the U.S.The authors predict about a foot and a half of sea level rise for the Gulf Coast by2050,with particular hot spots from Texas to Mississippi,where exploitation of underground oil,gas and drinking water is causing the land to rapidly49into the rising ocean water.There are50hot spots in the Mid-Atlantic region,including Annapolis,Md.and Norfolk, Va.Overall,the East Coast is51to experience a little more than a foot of sea level rise in the next30years.Sea level rise is happening more52on the West Coast,including much of southern and western Alaska,the report finds.The authors predict about six inches of sea level rise by2050.William Sweet,a sea level rise expert with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)and one of the authors of the new report,says cities that are not yet flooded should53now.Quickening sea level rise may require that humans54where and how we build homes,offices,roads and anything else that is better dry than wet. Right now,development in flood-prone(易发洪水的)areas is increasing,despite climate change.Beyond2050,the report makes clear that humans have a55:reduce greenhouse gas emissions and control sea level rise,or keep burning fossil fuels and face oceans that are two,three or even10feet higher than today.41.A.dying down B.paying back C.holding on D.speeding up42.A.records B.extremes C.predictions D.solutions43.A.flexibly B.clearly C.randomly D.incredibly44.A.continues B.impacts C.multiplies D.varies45.A.added B.drained C.spilt D.needed46.A.creatures B.currents C.ecosystems D.voyages47.A.stable B.crucial C.unlikely D.worse48.A.national B.regional C.apparent D.approximate49.A.dig B.turn C.collapse D.dive50.A.similar B.scenery C.distant D.diverse51.A.projected B.obliged C.permitted D.noticed52.A.sharply B.mysteriously C.unexpectedly D.slowly53.A.make sense B.take notice C.keep pace D.stay proud54.A.scheme B.cancel C.change D.delay55.A.promise B.quarrel C.choice D.protestSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most teachers assign novels for students to read not write.But many teachers nationwide are not only asking students to read novels but also giving them a month to write them.Yes,you read that right:one month.However,students participating in November’s National Novel Writing Month(NaNoWriMo)do not complain about being overworked.Instead,they have been known to ask,“Can we work on our novels today?”That’s because, above all,NaNoWriMo is meant to be fun.An exercise in“seat-of-your-pants”novel writing,it has almost no rules.The Office of Letters and Light is the nonprofit behind the event.It believes this carefree approach encourages writers to take imaginative risks and truly enjoy their work.Founded in1999,the adult version of the event requires only that you commit yourself to making an attempt at novel writing and submitting a novel of50,000words,no matter how good or bad they are,by the end of November.Since2005,NaNoWriMo has entered many classrooms,including those of National Writing Project teachers, through its Young Writers Program.In addition,teachers receive a classroom kit featuring a progress chart,stickers to mark word counts,and buttons for writers who cross the finish line.About1,800classrooms and45,000kids and teens participated last year.The rules for under-18writers are the same as those for adults.But there is one important exception:young writers can pick their own“reasonable yet challenging”word length.If a student elects to write,say,18,000words and achieves this goal in a month,he or she is a winner. Awards include a“handsome winner’s certificate”and a promotional code to receive a free bound proof copy of the finished novel.The Young Writers Program also facilitates Script Frenzy,a similar scriptwriting(剧本写作)event that happens each April and challenges participants to write a100-page script in30days.While young writers work primarily as individuals,teachers are also encouraged to write along with them.56.It can be inferred that students usually_____after participating in NaNoWriMo.A.enjoy themselvesB.overload themselvesC.look courageousD.become distracted57.By“seat-of-your-pants”in paragraph2,the author means_____.A.the novel writing activity gives its participants pants as awardsB.the participants have to stick on their seats for long writing novelsC.the participants are free to write whatever novels they can imagineD.the novel writing activity needs new rules for participants to follow58.What can be learned about the rules for adolescent writers?A.They should cross the finish line before participating.B.They can lengthen the duration of their writing process.C.They can decide on their novels’word counts themselves.D.They should submit novels on their teachers’recommendation.59.The passage is mainly aimed at_____.A.explaining the objectives of an eventB.giving a general introduction to an eventC.illustrating the benefits of novel writingD.attracting teachers to join a writing program(B)YOUR IMPACT BEGINS TODAYHelp us solve our world's mostpressing challengesWithyoursupport,we’re driving newknowledge,working to reduce ourhuman footprint on the planet,andinspiring a new generation ofchangemakers to value the naturalworld and help create a brighterfuture.100%of all donations go directly to our Explorers and programs.We’ve built a sustainable,innovative business model that allows us to invest every dollar you donate directly to our Explorers and programs.When you support the National Geographic Society,not only are you supporting your passion for the planet,but you also help protect its wonder.You ensure our mission lives on so we can continue exploring the planet,saving wildlife,protecting our ocean,empowering the world’s most innovative scientists to help solve the planet’s mysteries and challenges,and preserving our ancient heritage (遗产)for future generations.Your generous contribution will immediately go to work supporting the things you care passionately about —not operating costs.SUPPORT OUR WORKTax-free gifts National Geographic Society is a tax-free organization,and we rely on the generosity of donors like you to support our Explorers’work in science,exploration,education,and storytelling.Single and monthly donationsMake a gift today to help explore andprotect our planet.By givingmonthly,your reliable support allowsus to respond to the most pressingprogrammatic needs.Employer Matching Gifts Many companies have a matching gift program for employees.You give an amount and your company donates the same.Double your impact by exploring your employer’smatching gift programs.Honor/Memorial Giving Honor a friend or loved one’s passion for science,exploration,education,and storytelling by making an unusual gift in their name.60.The above webpage is aimed at _____.A.appealing to people to preserve ancient heritageB.guiding people to invest in a sustainable businessC.attracting donations to National Geographic SocietyD.publicizing the mission of National Geographic Society61.To make your contribution twice as much,you can _____.A.support the most pressing employerB.reduce the tax attached to the donationC.make it a gift in the name of your friendD.try your company’s matching gift programs 62.What can be learned about National Geographic Society?A.It needs no operating costs.B.It is dedicated to protecting nature.C.Its mission hasn’t been recognized.D.Its employees needn’t pay income tax.(C)More than three billion people rely on the ocean to make a living,most of whom are in developing countries.As the global population increases,the demand for seafood is expected to rise,too.Although ocean ecosystems are stretched to the limit by climate change,overfishing and more,studies nevertheless suggest that seafood can be expanded sustainably to meet future food demands.Success will depend on small-scale fisheries.These fisheries can be remarkably efficient.Almost everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed. By contrast,around20%of the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated to be wasted,mainly because of unwanted by-catch.Small fishers rarely have the right resources to expand their operations,or even to survive.If they do scale up,they might lose some of their current advantages or engage in the same harmful practices as do large commercial fisheries. Managed with care,however,small fisheries could provide win-wins for livelihoods and the environment.Most nations already have management policies for marine ecosystems that provide for small-scale fisheries.But small-scale fishers’rights to access are often poorly defined,ineffectively enforced or unfairly distributed(分配). Government subsidies(补贴)also require reform.One estimate found that large-scale fishers receive about3.5times more subsidies than small-scale fishers do.Instead,subsidies and other funds should be directed towards small-scale fishers to let them expand their access to markets,while keeping them from adopting the negative practices of large-scale operations.The total global loss and waste from fisheries is estimated at between30%and35%annually primarily due to a lack of technology,good manufacturing practices,and infrastructure such as decent roads and cold storage.Public and private investment in cold-storage facilities and processing equipment could help.One promising strategy is to pair international or national funding with direct contracts for feeding programmes linked to schools,hospitals and similar facilities.Such arrangements would provide small fisheries with large,consistent markets and storage infrastructure that boosts local consumption and does not incentivize(刺激)overfishing.Moreover,simple incentive programmes could be conducted by funders,managers and local governments trying to promote sustainable fisheries.For example,local markets could display a rating system for individual fishers or small fisheries.This could include various elements of sustainability other than environmental ones—such as providing information on the type of fishing equipment,location of the catch and freshness.Promoting the rating as a social responsibility concept would inform consumers of the need to support sustainable fisheries.Anyway,only joint problem-solving efforts can deliver seafood protein,sustainably,to a world that increasingly needs it.63.The passage mainly tells us that_____.A.small fisheries can help the world if managed with careB.the global demand for seafood is increasing dramaticallyC.small-scale fisheries need to be commercialised urgentlyD.people in developing countries are more reliable on fishing64.Small-scale fisheries are more efficient because_____.A.what they catch is hardly wastedB.their by-catch accounts for a larger shareC.they catch fish by industrial meansD.their operation is limited within a small area65.What can be inferred about small fisheries’current situation?A.They gain no support from governments.B.They are expanding to meet local demands.C.They have little access to good resources.D.They impact marine ecosystems negatively.66.To promote sustainable fisheries,which of the following is one of the author’s suggestions?A.To initiate a rating system for small fishers to evaluate the local markets.B.To provide technology for small fisheries to boost their fishing efficiency.C.To inspire a sense of social responsibility in large-scale fishers and consumers.D.To facilitate direct cooperation between small fisheries and feeding programmes.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Here we show how this work translates to humans.B.Many college students experience irregular and insufficient sleep.C.The study evaluated more than600first-year students across five studies at three universities.D.Most surprising to me was that no matter what we did to make the effect go away,it persisted.E.The results are available in the Feb.13issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.F.Total nightly sleep is a potentially important and underappreciated behavior supporting academic achievement.Nightly Sleep Is Key to Student SuccessFor young adults,college is a time of transition.It may be the first time students have the freedom to determine how to spend their time,but this freedom comes with competing interests from academics,social events and even sleep.A multi-institutional team of researchers conducted the first study to evaluate how the duration of nightly sleep early in the semester affects first year college students’end-of-semester grade point average(GPA).Using sleep trackers, they found that students on average sleep6.5hours a night,but negative outcomes built up when students received less than six hours of sleep a night.67David Creswell,the William S.Dietrich II Professor in Psychology and Neuroscience at the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences,led a team of researchers to evaluate the relationship between sleep and GPA.“Animal studies have shown how critical sleep is for learning and memory,”said Creswell.“68The less nightly sleep a first-year college student gets at the beginning of the school term predicts lower GPA at the end of the ck of sleep may be hurting students’ability to learn in their college classrooms.”69The researchers found that students who receive less than six hours of sleep experienced a pronounced decline in academic performance.In addition,each hour of sleep lost corresponded to(相对应)a0.07decrease in end-of-term GPA.“Once you start dropping below six hours,you are starting to add massive sleep debt that can harm a student’s health and study habits,damaging the whole system,”said Creswell.“70”“A popular belief among college students is valuing studying more or partying more over nightly sleep,”said Creswell.“Our work here suggests that there are potentially real costs to reducing your nightly sleep on your ability to learn and achieve in college.There’s real value in budgeting for the importance of nightly sleep.”IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than e your own words as far as possible.71.Call a Physical TherapistYou get up from the sofa and-ow!Back pain takes your breath away.Do you reach for the pain pills?No!Call a physical therapist instead!More and more,physical therapy,or PT,is a common go-to for treating aches and pains.A physical therapist can treat almost any injury to give a patient a better quality of life.When it comes to treatment,one size does not fit all.A physical therapist personalizes a treatment plan based on their observations and the patient’s concerns.The goal is to help injured or ill people improve movement and manage pain,so they can live life to the fullest.These therapists work with patients who suffer from back or neck injuries.They help people recover from broken bones and surgeries as well as work-or sports-related injuries.Physical therapists also teach people how to stay in shape and prevent further injuries. Their hands-on(动手的)therapy includes strengthening or stretching exercises,ice or heat and more.No one can become a physical therapist without getting a doctor of physical therapy degree.After completing it,a person must pass a professional license exam before beginning to practice.Further,being a physical therapist can be mentally and physically draining because of the hands-on,personalized patient care required.A successful physical therapist needs to have great communication skills and an eye for detail.They should also be creative problem solvers as well as resourceful.For those looking for a satisfying career,PT is one to consider.The demand for the profession is growing faster than that of many other careers.Private clinics and hospitals hire physical therapists.Sports facilities and professional sports teams also employ them.Therapists may work in skilled nursing facilities or visit patients in their own homes.If someone wants to see the world,they may want to become a travel physical therapist.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.这个保安负责又睿智，让公司避免了损失。
2024年上海市崇明区高三上学期期末高考一模英语试卷含答案
崇明区2023学年第一学期高三第一次模拟考试英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填涂在答题纸上。
）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a hotel. B.In a bank. C.In a classroom. D.In a box office.2.A.18:25. B.18:55. C.19:05. D.19:15.3.A.There are different kinds of folders. B.It doesn’t matter which color she uses.C.This decision requires careful thought.D.The color shouldn’t suggest the content.4.A.He doesn’t like the man. B.He started the semester in a bad mood.C.He isn’t usually bad-tempered.D.He’ll be under great pressure next week.5.A.Find an apartment soon. B.Apply for campus housing.C.Avoid living near the campus.D.Share the place he’s renting.6.A.Their plans in the new semester. B.The items they’re going to deliver.C.Their part-time jobs in the vacation.D.The daily routines they share at school.7.A.Buy Daisy a new notebook. B.Apologize to Daisy again by phone.C.Go to see Daisy immediately.D.Leave Daisy alone for the time being.8.A.She doesn’t have a computer. B.She needs to have her computer repaired.C.She can’t understand the instructions.D.She has a doctor’s degree in computer science.9.A.He forgot to cancel the reservation. B.He doesn’t know how to get to the restaurant.C.They can go to the restaurant late at night.D.They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.10.A.He’s willing to help run the experiment. B.He’s busy working on his own experiment.C.He can act as a subject in the experiment.D.He thinks the experiment is hard to understand.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.高三英语共19页第1页Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.A new educational theory. B.An innovative try at teaching.C.A diligent university student.D.A serious subject in a university.12.A.Serious subjects to write about. B.Fierce competition among students.C.Happy and cooperative learning.D.Various topics for students to vote for.13.A.Suspicious at first but positive later. B.Welcome at first but uncertain later.C.Disapproving at first but shocked later.D.Excited at first but disappointed later.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.They are beneficial to his mind. B.They are helpful to his social relationship.C.They can boost the toy industry.D.They can attract attention to older people.15.A.They only reduce loneliness. B.They limit reasoning or thinking abilities.C.They can’t improve specific skills.D.They can’t help maintain independent living.16.A.The necessity of developing toys for older people.B.The type of toys that older people are interested in.C.Toy makers’effort to produce games for older people.D.Different views on the effects of toys on older people.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.A ghost story. B.The bears’habits.C.A scary movie.D.The camping atmosphere.18.A.They may get lost in the dark. B.Their food may be stolen by bears.C.Bears may mistake her for food.D.There may appear ghosts in the woods.19.A.Teach her wilderness first aid skills. B.Share his rich camping experiences.C.Guide her to breathe fresh air deeply.D.Distract her attention with ghost stories.20.A.He dislikes watching movies. B.He’s fond of being exposed to nature.C.He’s got little experience in camping.D.He believes there are no bears in the woods.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.高三英语共19页第2页Life May Actually Flash Before Your Eyes on DeathNew data from a scientific“accident”has suggested that life may actually flash before our eyes as we die.A team of scientists set out to measure the brainwaves of an87-year-old patient who(21)_____ (develop)epilepsy(癫痫)for many years.But during the neurological(神经学的)recording,he suffered a fatal heart attack,(22)_____(offer)an unexpected recording of a dying brain.It revealed that in the30seconds before and after,the man’s brainwaves followed the same patterns as dreaming or recalling memories.Brain activity of this sort could suggest that a final“recall of life”may occur in a person’s last moments,the team wrote in their study,(23)_____(publish) in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience on Tuesday.Dr Ajmal Zemmar,a co-author of the study,said that what the team,then based in Vancouver, Canada,accidentally got,(24)_____(consider)the first-ever recording of a dying brain.So will we get a glimpse back at those moments(25)_____we stayed with loved ones and other happy memories?Dr Zemmar said it was impossible(26)_____(tell).“If I were to jump to the philosophical area,I would guess that if the brain did a flashback,it would probably like to remind you of good things,rather than the bad things,”he said.“But(27)_____is memorable would be different for every person.”Dr Zemmar,now a neurosurgeon at the University of Louisville,said in the30seconds(28)_____ the patient’s heart stopped supplying blood to the brain,his brainwaves followed the same patterns as when we carry out high-cognitive demanding(高认知要求的)tasks,like concentrating,dreaming or recalling memories.It continued30seconds after the patient’s heart stopped beating.“I think there’s (29)_____mysterious and spiritual about this whole near-death experience,”Dr Zemmar said.“And findings like this—it’s a moment(30)_____scientists live for.”Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.advantageB.anticipatingC.digitallyD.facilitatingE.geometryF.giantG.initiatedH.painstakinglyI.potentiallyJ.reopenedK.soughtHow Digital Modeling Plays a Key Role in Restoring the Notre Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院) It’s been more than four years since a fire damaged Notre Dame,the Catholic cathedral in Paris that’s historically drawn millions of visitors every year.Since then,people from around the world have united to support an effort,31by French President,that’s intended to have the building back open to the public by the end of next year.Teams working to restore the Gothic cathedral have32to rebuild much of the damaged sections using materials like oak wood(橡木)and stone that have stood the test of centuries.But the builders,architects and engineers do have the33of some21st century technologies,高三英语共19页第3页including modern building information modeling(BIM)software that enables them to work with a(n) 34detailed3D digital model of the cathedral and surrounding site,backed by powerful cloud computing technology.“It allows you to really understand a lot of how a building fits together,how it’s constructed,”says Andrew Anagnost,CEO of design software35Autodesk.It has contributed technical consulting, software and financial assistance to the project since shortly after the fire.A digital model,which took more than a year to create,includes more than12,000objects.It was a complex process.Onsite workers captured the point-by-point3D36of the cathedral with laser(激光)and photo equipment.Then,others turned the data points from that process into detailed shapes and objects,down to individual building stones.That let experts see how the building shifted in the fire—important for37any stability issues—and plan out the process of reconstruction.“It’s like Mission:Impossible when they plan,”says Nicolas Mangon,VP of architecture, engineering and construction industry strategy at Autodesk.“Every little piece is done38,and with the3D model you can simulate(模拟)everything.”Even when the cathedral is39,the model may still serve important roles.Mangon says the company is currently in discussions about using it to manage aspects of the complex going forward, 40using sensors that could show the exact location of any future fires.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Sea levels along coastlines in United States will rise about one foot by2050,with larger increases on the East and Gulf coasts,according to a comprehensive new report by climate scientists.Oceans have already risen about one foot in the last century,as climate change melts glaciers(冰川)and ice caps around the world.But the pace is41,scientists warn,and the next30years will see the same amount of sea level rise as the previous100.The report gives the most concrete and certain sea level42ever published for the U.S.And advances in computer models and real-world information about rising seas make it possible to see the future more43than ever.Sea level rise44dramatically for different parts of the U.S.coast.The ocean is not like a bucket of water that rises at the same time as more liquid is45.Ocean46push more water into some areas than others.Ice in different regions melts at different rates.In many parts of the world, sea level rise is47because coastal land is sinking.The new report adds up all those factors to give48estimates for different parts of the U.S. The authors predict about a foot and a half of sea level rise for the Gulf Coast by2050,with particular高三英语共19页第4页hot spots from Texas to Mississippi,where exploitation of underground oil,gas and drinking water is causing the land to rapidly49into the rising ocean water.There are50hot spots in the Mid-Atlantic region,including Annapolis,Md.and Norfolk,Va.Overall,the East Coast is51to experience a little more than a foot of sea level rise in the next30years.Sea level rise is happening more52on the West Coast,including much of southern and western Alaska,the report finds.The authors predict about six inches of sea level rise by2050.William Sweet,a sea level rise expert with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)and one of the authors of the new report,says cities that are not yet flooded should53 now.Quickening sea level rise may require that humans54where and how we build homes, offices,roads and anything else that is better dry than wet.Right now,development in flood-prone(易发洪水的)areas is increasing,despite climate change.Beyond2050,the report makes clear that humans have a55:reduce greenhouse gas emissions and control sea level rise,or keep burning fossil fuels and face oceans that are two,three or even10feet higher than today.41.A.dying down B.paying back C.holding on D.speeding up42.A.records B.extremes C.predictions D.solutions43.A.flexibly B.clearly C.randomly D.incredibly44.A.continues B.impacts C.multiplies D.varies45.A.added B.drained C.spilt D.needed46.A.creatures B.currents C.ecosystems D.voyages47.A.stable B.crucial C.unlikely D.worseSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most teachers assign novels for students to read not write.But many teachers nationwide are not only asking students to read novels but also giving them a month to write them.高三英语共19页第5页Yes,you read that right:one month.However,students participating in November’s National Novel Writing Month(NaNoWriMo)do not complain about being overworked.Instead,they have been known to ask,“Can we work on our novels today?”That’s because,above all,NaNoWriMo is meant to be fun.An exercise in “seat-of-your-pants”novel writing,it has almost no rules.The Office of Letters and Light is the nonprofit behind the event.It believes this carefree approach encourages writers to take imaginative risks and truly enjoy their work.Founded in1999,the adult version of the event requires only that you commit yourself to making an attempt at novel writing and submitting a novel of50,000words,no matter how good or bad they are,by the end of November.Since2005,NaNoWriMo has entered many classrooms,including those of National Writing Project teachers,through its Young Writers Program.In addition,teachers receive a classroom kit featuring a progress chart,stickers to mark word counts,and buttons for writers who cross the finish line.About1,800classrooms and45,000kids and teens participated last year.The rules for under-18 writers are the same as those for adults.But there is one important exception:young writers can pick their own“reasonable yet challenging”word length.If a student elects to write,say,18,000words and achieves this goal in a month,he or she is a winner.Awards include a“handsome winner’s certificate”and a promotional code to receive a free bound proof copy of the finished novel.The Young Writers Program also facilitates Script Frenzy,a similar scriptwriting(剧本写作) event that happens each April and challenges participants to write a100-page script in30days.While young writers work primarily as individuals,teachers are also encouraged to write along with them.56.It can be inferred that students usually_____after participating in NaNoWriMo.A.enjoy themselvesB.overload themselvesC.look courageousD.become distracted57.By“seat-of-your-pants”in paragraph2,the author means_____.A.the novel writing activity gives its participants pants as awardsB.the participants have to stick on their seats for long writing novelsC.the participants are free to write whatever novels they can imagineD.the novel writing activity needs new rules for participants to follow58.What can be learned about the rules for adolescent writers?A.They should cross the finish line before participating.B.They can lengthen the duration of their writing process.C.They can decide on their novels’word counts themselves.D.They should submit novels on their teachers’recommendation.59.The passage is mainly aimed at_____.A.explaining the objectives of an eventB.giving a general introduction to an eventC.illustrating the benefits of novel writingD.attracting teachers to join a writing program高三英语共19页第6页(B)With your support,we’re高三英语共19页第7页60.The above webpage is aimed at_____.A.appealing to people to preserve ancient heritageB.guiding people to invest in a sustainable businessC.attracting donations to National Geographic SocietyD.publicizing the mission of National Geographic Society61.To make your contribution twice as much,you can_____.A.support the most pressing employerB.reduce the tax attached to the donationC.make it a gift in the name of your friendD.try your company’s matching gift programs62.What can be learned about National Geographic Society?A.It needs no operating costs.B.It is dedicated to protecting nature.C.Its mission hasn’t been recognized.D.Its employees needn’t pay income tax.(C)More than three billion people rely on the ocean to make a living,most of whom are in developing countries.As the global population increases,the demand for seafood is expected to rise,too.Although ocean ecosystems are stretched to the limit by climate change,overfishing and more, studies nevertheless suggest that seafood can be expanded sustainably to meet future food demands. Success will depend on small-scale fisheries.These fisheries can be remarkably efficient.Almost everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed.By contrast,around20%of the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated to be wasted,mainly because of unwanted by-catch.Small fishers rarely have the right resources to expand their operations,or even to survive.If they do scale up,they might lose some their current advantages or engage in the same harmful practices as do large commercial fisheries.Managed with care,however,small fisheries could provide win-wins for livelihoods and the environment.Most nations already have management policies for marine ecosystems that provide for small-scale fisheries.But small-scale fishers’rights to access are often poorly defined,ineffectively enforced or unfairly distributed(分配).Government subsidies(补贴)also require reform.One estimate found that large-scale fishers receive about3.5times more subsidies than small-scale fishers do. Instead,subsidies and other funds should be directed towards small-scale fishers to let them expand their access to markets,while keeping them from adopting the negative practices of large-scale operations.The total global loss and waste from fisheries is estimated at between30%and35%annually primarily due to a lack of technology,good manufacturing practices,and infrastructure such as decent roads and cold storage.Public and private investment in cold-storage facilities and processing高三英语共19页第8页equipment could help.One promising strategy is to pair international or national funding with direct contracts for feeding programmes linked to schools,hospitals and similar facilities.Such arrangements would provide small fisheries with large,consistent markets and storage infrastructure that boosts local consumption and does not incentivize(刺激)overfishing.Moreover,simple incentive programmes could be conducted by funders,managers and local governments trying to promote sustainable fisheries.For example,local markets could display a rating system for individual fishers or small fisheries.This could include various elements of sustainability other than environmental ones—such as providing information on the type of fishing equipment, location of the catch and freshness.Promoting the rating as a social responsibility concept would inform consumers of the need to support sustainable fisheries.Anyway,only joint problem-solving efforts can deliver seafood protein,sustainably,to a world that increasingly needs it.63.The passage mainly tells us that_____.A.small fisheries can help the world if managed with careB.the global demand for seafood is increasing dramaticallyC.small-scale fisheries need to be commercialised urgentlyD.people in developing countries are more reliable on fishing64.Small-scale fisheries are more efficient because_____.A.what they catch is hardly wastedB.their by-catch accounts for a larger shareC.they catch fish by industrial meansD.their operation is limited within a small area65.What can be inferred about small current situation?A.They gain no support fromB.They are expanding to meet local demands.C.They have little access to good resources.D.They impact marine ecosystems negatively.66.To promote sustainable fisheries,which of the following is one of the author’s suggestions?A.To initiate a rating system for small fishers to evaluate the local markets.B.To provide technology for small fisheries to boost their fishing efficiency.C.To inspire a sense of social responsibility in large-scale fishers and consumers.D.To facilitate direct cooperation between small fisheries and feeding programmes.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.高三英语共19页第9页A.Here we show how this work translates to humans.B.Many college students experience irregular and insufficient sleep.C.The study evaluated more than600first-year students across five studies at three universities.D.Most surprising to me was that no matter what we did to make the effect go away,it persisted.E.The results are available in the Feb.13issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy ofSciences.F.Total nightly sleep is a potentially important and underappreciated behavior supportingacademic achievement.Nightly Sleep Is Key to Student SuccessFor young adults,college is a time of transition.It may be the first time students have the freedom to determine how to spend their time,but this freedom comes with competing interests from academics, social events and even sleep.A multi-institutional team of researchers conducted the first study to evaluate how the duration of nightly sleep early in the semester affects first year college students’end-of-semester grade point average(GPA).Using sleep trackers,they found that students on average sleep6.5hours a night,but negative outcomes built up when students received less than six hours of sleep a night.67 David Creswell,the William S.Dietrich II Professor in Psychology and Neuroscience at the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences,led a team of researchers to evaluate the relationship between sleep and GPA.“Animal studies have shown how critical sleep is for learning and memory,”said Creswell.“68The less nightly sleep a first-year college student gets at the beginning of the school term predicts lower GPA at the end of the ck of sleep may be hurting students’ability to learn in their college classrooms.”69The researchers found that students who receive less than six hours of sleep experienced a pronounced decline in academic performance.In addition,each hour of sleep lost corresponded to(相对应)a0.07decrease in end-of-term GPA.“Once you start dropping below six hours,you are starting to add massive sleep debt that can harm a student’s health and study habits,damaging the whole system,”said Creswell.“70”“A popular belief among college students is valuing studying more or partying more over nightly sleep,”said Creswell.“Our work here suggests that there are potentially real costs to reducing your nightly sleep on your ability to learn and achieve in college.There’s real value in budgeting for the importance of nightly sleep.”高三英语共19页第10页IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.71.Call a Physical TherapistYou get up from the sofa and-ow!Back pain takes your breath away.Do you reach for the pain pills?No!Call a physical therapist instead!More and more,physical therapy,or PT,is a common go-to for treating aches and pains.A physical therapist can treat almost any injury to give a patient a better quality of life.When it comes to treatment,one size does not fit all.A physical therapist personalizes a treatment plan based on their observations and the patient’s concerns.The goal is to help injured or ill people improve movement and manage pain,so they can live life to the fullest.These therapists work with patients who suffer from back or neck injuries.They help people recover from broken bones and surgeries as well as work-or sports-related injuries.Physical therapists also teach people how to stay in shape and prevent further injuries.Their hands-on(动手的)therapy includes strengthening or stretching exercises,ice or heat and more.No one can become a physical therapist without getting a doctor of physical therapy degree.After completing it,a person must pass a professional license exam before beginning to practice.Further, being a physical therapist can be mentally and physically draining because of the hands-on, personalized patient care required.A successful physical therapist needs to have great communication skills and an eye for detail.They should also be creative problem solvers as well as resourceful.For those looking for a satisfying career,PT is one to consider.The demand for the profession is growing faster than that of many other careers.Private clinics and hospitals hire physical therapists. Sports facilities and professional sports teams also employ them.Therapists may work in skilled nursing facilities or visit patients in their own homes.If someone wants to see the world,they may want to become a travel physical therapist.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.这个保安负责又睿智，让公司避免了损失。
上海市崇明区2024届高三英语一模试题(含听力)
上海市崇明区2024届高三英语一模试题(含听力）一、听力选择题1.A．Have a meeting.B．Have a meal.C．Go to work.D．Do some cooking.2. What month is it now?A．January.B．February.C．March.3. Where is the butter?A．In the bowl.B．In the fridge.C．In the cupboard.4. What is Tony usually like?A．Cheerful.B．Serious.C．Humorous.5. When did the woman finish her paper?A．At 9 a.m.B．At 11 a.m.C．At 12 noon.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Why will Jack go to Birmingham?A．To watch a football game.B．To attend a birthday party.C．To travel on business.2. When will the speakers have dinner together?A．On May 21.B．On May 22.C．On May 17.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What does Alice like best about her new school?A．The teachers.B．The environment.C．The food.2. What does Alice’s new school look like?A．It is in modern style.B．It is well equipped.C．It is newly built.8. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
2025届上海市崇明区高三一模英语试卷(含答案)
2025届上海市崇明区高三一模英语试卷（考试时间105分钟，满分115分。
请将答案填涂在答题纸上）I.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Report:Harmful Waste Creation Set to IncreaseThe United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)said in a report that public waste creation will greatly increase by2050.The rise will cause hundreds of billions of dollars of damage through biodiversity loss,climate change,and deadly pollution,UNEP reports.UNEP’s Global Waste Management Outlook2024says worldwide waste creation would greatly increase(1)_____governments take urgent preventative measures.Damage(2)_____(cause)by the growing waste would account for about$443billion of the total cost.The report,called Beyond an Age of Waste:Turning Rubbish into a Resource,(3)_____(release) during the U.N.Environment Assembly in Kenya early this week.The writers argue that humanity(4) _____(move)backwards over the past ten years.They say humans are creating more waste,more pollution,and more climate changing gases.Waste prevention measures and improved waste treatment could reduce those costs,the report said. But it notes,there are major barriers(5)_____such reforms.Negotiators are working toward an agreement(6)_____(deal)with the especially damaging and dangerous pollution from plastics.They are beginning a fourth round of talks in April.UNEP Executive Director Inger Andersen said she is hopeful they will complete the agreement by the end of this year.Environmentalists and fossil fuel(化石燃料)producers continue to disagree about the terms of the agreement.They especially dispute(7)_____the deal should center on reducing plastics production or increasing recycling and reuse.“There is an interest,especially among the countries(8)_____are producing raw polymer(聚合物),but as I keep telling them,this is not an anti-plastic agreement,”Andersen told the reporters,(9) _____(note)there would still be a need for plastics in vehicles and medical equipment.Andersen said(10)_____she hopes is that no groups would work to block progress on the agreement,but instead“find a way forward that actually takes into account the fact that we are drowning in plastic.”Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.appealingB.attainableC.basicallyD.dramaticallyE.freedomF.kicksG.minimum H.prioritizes I.submits J.underlying K.withdrawalFIRE Movement:Financial Independence,Retire EarlyMany Americans are taking early retirement into their own hands by joining the FIRE movement, but it’s not for everyone.“Financial Independence,Retire Early”(FIRE)is a lifestyle movement that11extreme saving and investing to be able to retire earlier than traditional methods might allow.The goal of FIRE is to achieve financial12so investors can choose how to spend their time.“The concept of the movement is13having the financial flexibility to have the ultimate life flexibility,”says Rachael Burns,a financial planner at True Worth Financial Planning,based in Folsom, California.A NerdWallet survey found that of Americans who aren’t retired yet but plan to retire,25%want to retire before age50and18%want to retire in their50s.The average age was57,10years earlier than the full retirement age to get Social Security.People who use FIRE to retire early do so by14reducing their expenses,looking for ways to increase their income,and investing the money they save in a mix of tax-advantaged accounts as well as regular brokerage(佣金)accounts.Retiring early might sound15,but there are risks,and it’s not for everyone.For instance,if you stop working,you’ll have to be responsible for your own medical expenses until Medicare16 in around age65,and your investments may not perform as well as you thought.Either one of those situations could have consequences such as having to raise your17rate or needing to re-enter the workforce.FIRE also requires cutting down expenses to the bare18so you have more income to invest,which not everyone can afford.“FIRE is a long-term strategy,and you can’t be too reactive to short-term economic events,”Burns said.“You may need to adjust spending or saving in certain years based on market events,but the19 strategy should stay the same.”If you don’t earn enough to cover your basic needs and save greatly for early retirement at the same time,FIRE may not be for you,Burns cking an emergency fund or owing high-interest debt may be other reasons that FIRE may not be20.II.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Administrators of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang,Gansu Province,are trying to harmonize tourists’exploration of the site with the need to safeguard the murals(壁画),through innovative measures.Sandstorms,rainfall and tourist visits constitute the most severe21to the UNESCO World Heritage Site,said Wang Xiaowei,director of the Dunhuang Grottoes Monitoring Center at the Dunhuang Academy.Since the Mogao Caves opened to the public in1979,the number of visitors has been22at an average annual rate of around20percent,reaching2.15million in2019.“If you enter the caves during the23tourism months of July,August and September,you’ll find it hard to breathe,”Wang said.The carbon dioxide and moisture(潮气)breathed out by visitors increase inside the caves and cause damage to the murals,Wang said.To preserve the caves,the duration of visits is24and sometimes stopped during rain or dust storms.To ensure visitors aren’t25when restrictions are in place,the center provides a digital exhibition,he said.Currently,the center is being26to accommodate an additional3,000visitors on top of the existing capacity of6,000.The Dunhuang Academy began27recording and storing images of murals and painted sculptures over30years ago.The digitization project has successfully28over200caves,with a dedicated team of110experts currently undertaking the work.“Digital technology not only serves cultural tourism but also29a historical record for future generations,”said Ding Xiaosheng, deputy director of the Institute of Cultural Heritage Digitization at the academy.Digitization also brings the wonders of the Mogao Caves to a30audience,according to Su Bomin,head of the Dunhuang Academy.“The Mogao Caves are31,and transporting them is impossible,”Su said.“However,with digitization,we can perfectly copy Dunhuang art exactly and show it worldwide, introducing Eastern culture to the world.”In2016,the Digital Dunhuang went live,sharing high-definition images and32tours of the most beautiful30caves globally.Currently,visitors from78countries have33the murals, totaling over16.8million visits.Su said Dunhuang can34diverse cultural exchanges through its cultural relics(遗迹).“By digitizing these relics,we enable people worldwide to understand Dunhuang’s culture,thereby gaining a deeper appreciation for China’s historical35to diverse cultural exchanges—that is,an idea of inclusivity,mutual learning and a shared future,”he said.21.A.shortages B.restrictions C.contributions D.threats22.A.doubling B.growing C.continuing D.varying23.A.cultural B.previous C.peak mercial24.A.limited B.extended C.publicized D.concealed25.A.confused B.amazed C.scared D.disappointed26.A.expanded B.constructed C.decorated D.repaired27.A.exclusively B.digitally C.subjectively D.autonomously28.A.clarified B.highlighted C.covered D.strategizedes across B.turns over C.leaves behind D.lets alone30.A.global B.professional C.technological D.differentplicated B.irreproducible C.controversial D.immovable32.A.virtual B.temporary C.conventional D.steady33.A.imitated B.accessed C.praised D.purchased34.A.reject B.provide C.adjust D.classify35.A.adaptation B.attention C.admission mitmentSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）The Pulitzers are American awards given within the United States for outstanding achievement in journalism as well as books,drama and music.Under these headings,there are22categories including online journalism,newspaper reporting,fiction,history,music,drama,poetry,photography and more. Recipients can be a news organization,an individual or a group of people.Each of the first21winners receives a$15,000cash prize and a certificate.The twenty-second prize,however,is the Public Service Prize,which is always given to a news agency.Instead of cash,the news organization receives the Pulitzer Gold Medal.The name of the year’s winner is on one side of the coin and the year is on the other.All winners are honored and awarded their prizes at an annual lunch party.The event takes place at Columbia University,which was originally tasked with administering the award,and usually occurs in May.If it hadn’t been for a Hungarian-American named Joseph Pulitzer,the awards would never have come into existence.Pulitzer was born into a wealthy family in Hungary in1847.He made his way to America and built a career in journalism.He developed a reputation as an ambitious and energetic young journalist.By1872Pulitzer had become a publisher,and six years later he owned a newspaper company.In1883he purchased yet another newspaper.He became known as someone who was not afraid to take a public stand against corruption(腐败).After a successful career in journalism,seven years before his death,Pulitzer wrote a will,leaving $2,000,000to Columbia University.The money was to establish a school of journalism at Columbia and a set of awards.Pulitzer’s desire was to raise the standards of journalism.He hoped the prize would act as a stimulus for journalists to work for excellence—then and into the future.Faithfully following Pulitzer’s instructions,Columbia University awarded the very first Pulitzer Prizes in1917.Today these awards are considered some of the most distinguished prizes in America.36.What can be known about the Pulitzers?A.Their recipients all get cash prizes.B.There are 21winners each year.C.They are awarded worldwide.D.They go beyond journalism.37.It can be inferred from the passage that Joseph Pulitzer _____.A.was humorous and courageousB.was raised up in a journalist’s familyC.had a strong sense of justiceD.sought a goal of producing wealth 38.Pulitzer established the prizes mainly to _____.A.facilitate better journalismB.diversify ways of access to journalismC.support Columbia UniversityD.stimulate people to become journalists 39.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Pulitzer Prizes:Joseph Pulitzer’s Lifetime AmbitionB.Pulitzer Prizes:Some of America’s Greatest HonorsC.Pulitzer Prizes:Awards for Distinguished JournalistsD.Pulitzer Prizes:Annual Events at Columbia University（B）Winter storms create a higher risk of car accidents,hypothermia (体温过低),frostbite,and carbon monoxide (CO)poisoning.Winter storms can bring extreme cold,freezing rain,snow,ice and high winds.IF YOU ARE UNDER A WINTER STORM WARNING,FIND SHELTER RIGHT AWAY Winter Storm WarningIssued when hazardous winter weatherin the form of heavy snow or heavyfreezing rain is upcoming or occurring.Winter Storm Warnings are usuallyissued 12to 24hours before the eventis expected to begin.Winter Weather AdvisoryIssued for accumulations (积聚)ofsnow and freezing rain which willcause significant inconveniences and,ifmeasures are not taken,could lead tolife-threatening situations.Preparing for Winter Weather Prepare your home to keep out the cold.Learn how to keep pipes from freezing.Install and test smoke alarms and carbon monoxide detectors with battery backups.Gather supplies in case you need to stay home for several days without power.Keep in mind each person’s specific needs,including medication.Remember the needs of your pets.Have extra batteries for radios and flashlights.In Case of Emergency Be prepared for winter weather at home,at work and in your car.Create an emergency supply kit for your car.Include sand,a flashlight,warm clothes,blankets,bottled water and snacks.Keep a full tank of gas.Avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.Only use generators and grills(烤架)outdoors andaway from windows.Never heat your home with gas appliances.∙Stay off roads if at all possible.If trapped in your car,then stay inside.∙Limit your time outside.If you need to go outside,then wear layers of warm clothing.Watch for signs of frostbite and hypothermia.40.Which of the following pictures when clicked will most probably lead you to the above webpage?A. B.C. D.41.To get ready for winter weather,you should_____.A.send your pets to animal sheltersB.warm your home with gas appliancesC.remove pipes to prevent them freezingD.get necessities in case of life without power42._____is a good way to stay safe during winter weather.A.Trying to stay insideB.Driving a car when going outC.Wearing water-proof clothesing generators to keep warm（C）A recent groundbreaking study by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research(PIK) forecasts massive financial damages due to climate change,projecting annual damages of about$38 trillion($38million million)by the year2050.This figure highlights the severe economic challenges that lie ahead on a global scale,with the greatest impacts expected to burden the countries least responsible for greenhouse emissions(排放).The economic damage,estimated between$19trillion to$59trillion by mid-century,primarily stems from increased temperatures and their subsequent impact on agriculture,labor productivity,and infrastructure(基础设施).The study also notes potential increases in costs due to more frequent and severe weather events,which are expected to become more common as global temperatures rise.The findings reveal a disconcerting disparity:nations within the tropical(热带的)regions,which have contributed least to historical carbon emissions,are predicted to suffer income losses60%greater than those in higher-income,higher-emission countries.This highlights a significant climate justiceissue,as these least-developed nations possess fewer resources to adapt to increasing climate impacts.Anders Levermann,head of complexity science at PIK and co-author of the study,emphasized the inequity and urgency of the situation.“Countries in the tropics will suffer the most because they are already warmer.Further temperature increases will therefore be most harmful there,”he explained. Levermann argues for a rapid structural shift towards renewable energy to ease these impacts and stabilize global temperatures.When placed alongside other major climate impact forecasts,the PIK study stands out for its comprehensive data analysis and harsh projections.Previous studies have similarly highlighted the economic damages of climate change but lacked the extensive regional and specific insights this study provides.The study strongly advocates for great and immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to avoid the worst of these economic damages.It suggests that slowing climate change is not only a moral and environmental must but also economically advantageous,as the cost of inaction is far greater than the expenses associated with reducing global warming to manageable levels.The socioeconomic consequences of such extensive economic losses could lead to heightened global inequality and potentially,social unrest.This projection stresses the importance of international cooperation in climate action plans and the development of fair policies that recognize and make up for the inequities faced by the less developed nations most affected by climate change.43.Climate change will cause massive economic damage worldwide by2050mainly because_____.A.the average world temperature will increase much faster than expectedB.rising temperatures will damage farming,infrastructure and productivityC.big countries will experience economic crises due to more severe weather eventsD.tropical regions are unprepared to adapt to the damages caused by climate change44.By“a disconcerting disparity”in paragraph4,the author means_____.A.poor countries least responsible for emission will suffer most in economyB.it is projected that people in tropical countries will earn60%less by2050C.higher-income countries are reluctant to invest in slowing global warmingD.higher-emission countries are trying to justify their role in climate impacts45.The PIK study arouses the public attention due to_____.A.its rigid climate impact forecastsB.its overall statistics and the severity of its findingsC.its different approach to analyzing dataD.its similar regional insights on economic damages46.What does the PIK study imply?A.Fair policies should be established to avoid further rising of temperatures.B.Reducing gas emissions will benefit the environment but harm the economy.C.Inequality should be reduced through cooperation in fighting climate change.D.Wealthy countries should bear the whole cost of coping with global warming.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.One7-minute block had people sitting in silence.B.In this case,the brain might be tuning into the music.C.The authors suggested it was evidence of music being more than a distraction from anunpleasant experience.D.And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet andemotional experiences.E.Nevertheless,while our bodies still feel the pain,the messages to make our conscious mindperceive the pain may not be relayed.F.People who listened to bittersweet songs also reported more thrills(震颤感)and shivers(哆嗦)on the skin from listening to pleasurable music.Certain Types of Music Could Help You Feel Less Pain,New Study Says There is no doubt that music can calm the soul for some,and it turns out that it could also be a temporary reliever for physical pain.Listening to favorite songs could reduce people’s perception of pain,according to a new study.47The small study invited63young adults to bring two of their favorite songs,and the only requirement was that they needed to be at least3minutes and20seconds long.One selection represented their favorite music of all time.The other was the song they would bring with them on a desert island.The researchers also had the young adults pick one of seven songs that the team considered relaxing and were unfamiliar to the study participants.Each person underwent7-minute blocks where they were instructed to stare at a monitor screen while listening to their favorite music,one of the seven relaxing instrumental songs(each of which lasted for6minutes and40seconds),or a scrambled(杂乱的)version of both songs and the relaxing song chosen.48All the while,the researchers stuck a hot object—similar to the pain of a boiling hot teacup on your skin—to the participants’left inner forearms.When rating their experiences,people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing song or silence.The scrambled songs did not reduce pain either.49After interviewing the participants about the song they brought and their rating of pain,the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with calming or cheerful themes.50This was associated with lower ratings of unpleasantness produced by the burning pain they felt in the experiment.III.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.51.Body Dysmorphic Disorder(BDD)Most humans have some physical characteristics that they wish they could change,such as a facial feature or extra fat.Many people can comfortably live with these characteristics,but for some,their negative body image significantly affects their daily lives.The latter group are said to have body dysmorphic disorder(BDD).They find some common aspects,including the face or stomach, impossible to accept.People with BDD often try to alter these features by exercising,changing their hairstyle,using skin care products or even getting plastic surgery.Or they may try to hide the features under clothing or makeup.They may look at mirrors constantly or avoid them altogether.They may ask others for reassurance(安慰)that they look OK but not believe that reassurance when it comes.People with BDD sometimes pick at their skin or constantly comb(梳)their hair;at its worst,BDD can lead people to consider or attempt suicide.BDD is often not diagnosed until10to15years after it develops,largely because it takes time for people to realize their feelings are not normal.But early detection makes a significant difference in quality of life as it allows people to take measures to prevent BDD from getting worse.The primary treatment for BDD is therapy,which often involves teaching the patient to challenge negative thoughts as they come.Some doctors may also prescribe antidepressants(开抗抑郁药).Plastic surgery is not effective at making people with BDD feel better.In fact,the changes in appearance brought about by surgery often compound the problem.If someone you know has BDD,assuring them that they look good will probably not help.Instead, listen patiently and encourage them to seek treatment.And if you think you have BDD,consult a doctor or a trusted friend.The earlier the problem is addressed,the better.IV.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.52.这位老人虽无儿无女，但侄女一直在精心照料着他的起居。
上海市崇明区2023届高三一模英语试卷(含答案)
上海市崇明区2023届高三一模英语卷（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填涂在答题纸上。
）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Relatives. B.Colleagues. C.Agent and customer.D.Postman and sender.2.A.$3. B.$5. C.$9. D.$15.3.A.Her son doesn’t have a blue scarf. B.She’ll help the man look for his scarf.C.The man didn’t take her son’s scarf.D.She likes the color of the man’s scarf.4.A.His aunt will buy him an e-dictionary. B.His aunt paid too much for the e-dictionary.C.The woman needn’t buy an e-dictionary.D.He doesn’t know how much an e-dictionary costs.5.A.She missed the whole game. B.She is curious about the result of the game.C.She also left the game early.D.She sat right behind the man during the game.6.A.Dustbins for garbage sorting. B.Benefits of recycling rubbish.C.Charges for colored dustbins.D.Reasons for protecting the environment.7.A.The jacket is too big for him. B.It has been too warm to wear the jacket.C.He doesn’t like cold weather.D.He didn’t buy the jacket until it got cooler.8.A.She hates history lessons. B.She thinks Dr.Parker’s tests are easy.C.Dr.Parker no longer teaches history.D.The man’s source of information is reliable.9.A.Have his desk repaired. B.Ask the bookstore for a refund.C.Look for the misplaced check.D.Borrow some cash from the woman.10.A.He isn’t allowed to tell the student her grade.B.He doesn’t know how to find the student’s grade.C.Dr.Wilson hasn’t finished grading the mid-term exam.D.Dr.Wilson doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on高三英语共15页第1页your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.Proper ways of helping the homeless. B.Suitable places for helping the homeless.C.Various views on helping the homeless.D.Underlying reasons for helping the homeless.12.A.The money may be stolen. B.They may get addicted to money.C.The money may be misused.D.They may buy clothing with the money.13.A.Set up an organization. B.Teach homeless people a skill.C.Save resources in the community.D.Build shelters for the homeless.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.Sleep is vital to people’s health. B.Chinese people sleep least in the world.C.Chinese people are sleeping less.D.Sleep hours vary in different groups of people.15.A.Screen time. B.Attitude to age.C.Mental disorders.D.Working relationships.16.A.The more people earn,the better they sleep.B.Over half of teenagers get less sleep due to study stress.C.Chinese people’s average sleep quality is also worsening.D.Office workers’sleep quality is the worst among all the respondents.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Studying for an exam. B.A computer game the man is playing.C.Visiting a close friend of theirs.D.A class presentation they’re preparing.18.A.He’s already finished studying. B.He’s taking an online biology test.C.He’s taking a break from studying.D.He’s searching for some information.19.A.Excited. B.Surprised. C.Frustrated. D.Embarrassed.20.A.He owed her a favor. B.He heard she did poorly on the last test.C.He’d rather study on his own.D.He hates to bother her late in the evening.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Laziness and Lack of Sleep Can Shorten Your Life,Especially When Combined You already know that smoking is bad for you and that drinking too much alcohol may shorten your life.Now a new study says that spending too much time in a chair and not having enough sleep should join a short list of behaviors(21)_____(know)to increase your risk of premature death.Sitting for a long time and lack of sleep were damaging in their own way,but when combined高三英语共15页第2页with more traditional risk factors,(22)_____had a multiplier effect that made an early death far more likely.The findings,published in the journal PLOS Medicine,make clear that“some risk behaviors tend to come together and(23)_____the joint risk could be much higher than the sum of the individual risks”.For instance,smoking was(24)_____(dangerous)single risk factor among the six studied.The small number of people for(25)_____smoking was their only bad habit were90percent more likely to die during the course of the study than were people with practical clean living in every aspect. People who reported high alcohol consumption as their only risk factor did not seem(26)_____(put) their lives in danger.But for those who combined heavy drinking with smoking,the risk of premature death was doubled.And when lack of sleep(27)_____(add)to the mix,the likelihood of an early death was nearly five times greater(28)__________lack of sleep by itself had only a light effect on death.These numbers are based on the lives of231,048Australians.(29)_____(consider)factors such as age,gender,education and other factors,the researchers sawa clear pattern.It was a person’s bad lifestyle(30)_____contributed to his or her risk of premature death.Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.battleB.built-inC.candidateD.carbon-freemercialF.containedG.costlyH.demonstratedI.footprintJ.financedK.growingSeveral Carmakers Push Plans to Offer Hydrogen-powered Vehicles Several big automakers recently announced plans to keep investing in hydrogen vehicle technology.The plans come even as many industry experts believe the technology faces a major uphill 31to compete against battery-powered electric cars.Hydrogen-powered cars are also known as fuel cell electric vehicles,or FCEVs.With these vehicles,fuel cells convert(转化)hydrogen gas into electricity.This differs from electric vehicles,or EVs,which get their power from a32battery.Last month,the chief of Japan’s Toyota Motors,Akio Toyoda,attended a race that33an experimental hydrogen vehicle.The vehicle34a traditional gasoline-powered engine that had been converted to run on hydrogen.Toyoda told reporters at the event such conversions could keep traditional internal combustion engines(内燃机)running in a35world.This,he said,could avoid the need to completely leave behind internal combustion and save millions of auto industry jobs.In Germany,BMW and Volkswagen Group are both developing hydrogen-powered passenger高三英语共15页第3页vehicles along with a series of new EVs.BMW said last month it has developed a hydrogen prototype (原型)based on its X5model in a project partly36by the German government.Officials at South Korean automaker Hyundai have also spoken about the importance of continuing to explore hydrogen-based vehicles along with developing EVs.The company currently sells a passenger fuel cell vehicle called the NEXO.And Hyundai announced it plans to offer hydrogen fuel cell versions for all its37vehicles by2028.In fuel cell technology,hydrogen combines with oxygen to produce electrical power.It is considered clean energy because the process only releases water and steam into the atmosphere.This makes the technology a good38for helping the world reduce its carbon emissions.Currently,however,most of the hydrogen produced worldwide is made using natural gas or coal —both of which cause pollution.Supporters of the technology expect that to change over time.They say the39use of electricity from wind and solar energy will be able to separate hydrogen and oxygen in water.Those production methods,however,are more40.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When looking at ways to expand your business,does it make sense to go global?The answer is yes—expanding to international markets helps companies grow,increases buying power and diversifies market opportunities.It better prepares the company for changes in the41economy.It can result in increased profits,a diverse customer base and improved stability.Before the pandemic,42expansion almost always meant international travel.43bias (偏见)in some countries historically made business expansion difficult for women,and international travel can44the delicate work-life balance entrepreneurs(企业家)of both sexes strive to maintain.The Covid-19pandemic45global e-commerce and opportunities.The world is conducting business46with far more success than anticipated.This shift to business by the internet presents tremendous global opportunities for women as it effectively makes the situation47.Conducting business on the internet48the complications of gender,race,religion,color and lifestyle,simplifying business down to the principles of supply and demand.This opens more doors for growth and enables entrepreneurs to study potential markets and the buyer’s journey from the49 of their own office.So,how can you accomplish successful international expansion?First,identify your target market, and then develop an inbound marketing strategy.This involves providing all the information your target consumers need on your50so consumers can find you and research the answers to their initial questions on their own.With a defined高三英语共15页第4页inbound strategy,well-written content and social media outreach,you can bring51buyers to you instead of continually searching for new buyers.A vital part of your global inbound marketing strategy will be to translate important information from your website into your target consumer’s native language.Even if your target consumers are multilingual,most52to buy from sites that provide information in their native language.Then how can you develop your inbound marketing strategy?The first step is to select a market that53your company goals and marketing strategy.Choose one country,one language,and develop a multilingual marketing strategy that defines your goals and prepares you to connect with prospective buyers.Once you create the plan and process for the first country,you can copy it when you’re ready to expand into54markets.You might believe that your business is too small to get involved with55—but consider this:When you make use of the power of the internet,it doesn’t matter if your company is large or small.The key is to shift your focus from outbound to inbound marketing—and bring buyers to you.41.A.booming B.domestic C.current D.industrial42.A.rapid B.successful C.further D.global43.A.Gender B.Media C.Cultural D.Political44.A.keep B.upset C.promote D.restore45.A.looks into B.breaks down C.speeds up D.responds to46.A.desperately B.efficiently C.securely D.remotely47.A.fair B.worse C.real D.reliable48.A.increases B.promotes C.removes D.illustrates49.A.angle fort C.relief D.imagination50.A.desk B.website C.shoulder D.market51.A.qualified B.wealthy C.foreign D.optimistic52.A.intend B.hesitate C.volunteer D.prefer53.A.attaches to B.benefits from C.sees through D.agrees withmercial B.additional C.overseas D.private55.A.marketing B.financing C.exporting D.trainingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Francis Kéréappears on the screen in a loose white Oxford shirt and an enormous,slightly amazed smile.“Can you imagine?”the newest Pritzker Architecture Prize winner says.“I was born in a little高三英语共15页第5页village in Burkina Faso where there was no school then.And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write very simply because then I could then translate or read him his letters.”The first African winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize had already received numerous awards in his field,but Kéréwas as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field’s most famous prize.“Francis Kéréis pioneering architecture—sustainable to the earth and its inhabitants—in lands of extreme scarcity,”said committee chair,Tom Pritzker,in a statement.“He is equally architect and servant,improving upon the lives and experiences of countless citizens in a region of the world that is at times forgotten.Through buildings that demonstrate beauty,modesty,boldness and invention,Kérégracefully deserves this Prize.”Kérésays his architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around100other children in a region where temperatures are regularly higher than100degrees Fahrenheit.“You will sit and it’s very hot inside,”he said.“And there was no light,while outside,the sunlight was strong and in my head the idea one day grew that as an adult,I should make it better.I was thinking about space,about room,about how I can feel better.”In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School in Burkina Faso,Kérédrew on traditional building materials and emphasized shade and shadows with well-ventilated(通风良好的)spaces that reduce the need for air conditioning.When he was twenty,in1985,Kéréearned a vocational scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But while absorbed in the practicality of roofing and furniture making,he also attended night school and was admitted to Technische Universität Berlin,from which he graduated in2004with an advanced degree in architecture.He was still a student when he designed and built Gando Primary School.It turned out to be a springboard for his career and still guides his ethos(理念)today.56.Which of the following is a reason for Kéré’s winning the Pritzker Architecture Prize?A.His designs are innovative and eco-friendly.B.He’s received plenty of awards in architecture.C.His designs mainly consist of school buildings.D.He’s good at using new materials in his architecture.57._____acts as a stimulus to Kéré’s becoming an architect.A.His study of carpentry in BerlinB.His hometown’s extremely hot whetherC.His parents’expectations of himD.His uncomfortable experience at school58._____helps Kéréestablish his status in architecture.A.His design of Gando Primary SchoolB.His research in Technische Universität BerlinC.His love for nature and his hometownD.His commitment to the development of Africa59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Francis Kéré:a True Pioneer in African ArchitectureB.Francis Kéré:a Great African Contributor to ArchitectureC.Francis Kéré:the First African to Win Architecture’s Top Award高三英语共15页第6页高三英语共15页第7页D.Francis Kéré:the First African Winner of Awards in Architecture(B)Communicate Fluently &Effectively in English"The Cities are My Classrooms!"Why spend your time in a classroom when you can invest your time studying during breakfast ordinner?And why stay inside in the afternoon when you can study by the beach or in a bar?That's right.That's the way we teach.'Active Learning'is the best way to learn,practice,and perfect your English."Walk and Talk English &Eat and Drink English!"Are you considering new challenges?Would you like to take your English to the next level with our in-house methods that are highly effective,yet relaxing and fun?How about spending your hard-earned vacation time studying English during a delicious breakfast,or during lunch in a historical pub,or at night from a sky room as you enjoy views of London or Dublin?You could be sitting comfortably inside or in front of a palace or castle,drinking coffee or tea while you study.Why not?What is your greatest challenge with the Englishlanguage?Get in touch with us and help us to understandyour difficulty as well as your goals in life.It is essential that the solution we offer also fitsin well with your personality,mindset,objectives with English,your available time totravel,and your family commitments.Lastly,your holiday in Europe,as well as yourexperiences with the English language and yourtravels to different cities,should have that'Wow!'factor that helps you to remember yourholiday forever.✓A language immersion(沉浸)programme is theexperience of diving into a different culture.✓It is not the'false-reality'of the internet or technology.✓To experience historical cities,villages,castles,pubs,businesses etc.,is to understand a country's culture andits DNA.60.The above advertisement is aimed at_____.A.foreign students in Ireland and EnglandB.students in the world’s top-ranked universitiesC.people who’d like to learn English while travellingD.people who’s fluent in English and good at communication61.What is special about English4Professionals?A.It cooperates with the world’s top-ranked universities.B.It exposes learners to the culture in the course of learning.C.It motivates learners by providing bonuses like a trip to Dublin.D.It boasts active learning methods with the help of virtual tourism.62.According to the advertisement,your learning experience with E4P can be_____.A.funny but thrillingB.objective and relaxingC.experiential but exhaustingD.personalized and unforgettable(C)The water off the coast of northwest Greenland is a glass-like calm,but the puddles(水坑)on the region’s icebergs are a sign that a transformation is underway higher on the ice sheet.Several days of unusually warm weather in northern Greenland have caused rapid melting,made visible by the rivers of meltwater rushing into the ocean.Temperatures have been running around60 degrees Fahrenheit—10degrees warmer than normal for this time of year,scientists said.The amount of ice that melted in Greenland between July15and17this year alone—6billion tons of water per day—would be enough to fill7.2million Olympic-sized swimming pools,according to data from the US National Snow and Ice Data Center.Each summer,scientists worry that they will see a repeat of the record melting that occurred in 2019,when532billion tons of ice flowed out into the sea.An unexpectedly hot spring and a July heat wave that year caused almost the entire ice sheet’s surface to melt.Global sea level rose permanently by1.5millimeters as a result.Greenland holds enough ice—if it all melted—to lift sea level by7.5meters around the world. The latest research points to a more and more threatening situation on the Northern Hemisphere’s iciest高三英语共15页第8页island.“Unprecedented(史无前例的)”rates of melting have been observed at the bottom of the Greenland ice sheet,a study published in February found,caused by huge quantities of meltwater flowing down from the surface.This water is particularly concerning because it can destabilize the sheet above it and could lead to a massive,rapid loss of ice.And in2020,scientists found that Greenland’s ice sheet had melted beyond the point of no return. The rate of melting in recent years exceeds anything Greenland has experienced in the last12,000years, another study found—and enough to cause measurable change in the gravitational field over Greenland.At the East Greenland Ice-core Project—or EastGRIP—research camp in northwest Greenland, the work of scientists to understand the impact of climate change is being affected by climate change itself.Aslak Grinsted,a climate scientist at the University of Copenhagen’s Niels Bohr Institute,said that they have been trying to get flights into the camp but the warmth is destabilizing the landing site.Before human-caused climate change kicked in,temperatures near32degrees Fahrenheit there were unheard of.But since the1980s,this region has warmed by around1.5degrees Fahrenheit per decade—four times faster than the global pace—making it all the more likely that temperatures will cross the melting point.63.The passage is mainly written to_____.A.alert people to the rapid melting of Greenland’s ice sheetB.arouse people’s awareness of protecting the environmentrm people of the large amount of ice Greenland holdsD.reveal to people the cause and effect of the rise in sea level64.What does“a transformation”in the first paragraph refer to?A.Climate change.B.A rise in sea level.C.Global warming.D.The melting of ice.65.What can be learned about the ice that melted in2019?A.It repeated a record melting of the ice sheet several years ago.B.Its amount was the largest ever and lifted sea level permanently.C.It was enough to fill7.2million Olympic-sized swimming pools.D.Its melting rate was so rapid as to result in an unexpectedly hot spring.66.It is implied in the passage that_____.A.climate change is a result of human activitiesB.the study of climate change is being made easierC.the melting of Greenland’s ice sheet is reversible高三英语共15页第9页D.temperatures increase1.5°F or so each decade globallySection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The company has already achieved several milestones since it was founded.B.Its goal is to create sustainable meat products to replace meats such as beef,chicken and even fish.C.The layers of meat and fat can be regrouped in different proportions to create different flavorexperiences.D.Additionally,producing meat without having to raise and kill cattle may work out better forensuring animal welfare and overall health.E.The meat product is the first of its kind and was created using a specific3D-bioprintingtechnology that was recently patented by the company.F.In the final steps,the muscle cells and fat cells are turned into meat,ready to be processed into thefinal product,whether it’s a burger,steak,or even a meatloaf.Israeli Company Develops3D Printed BeefIf there were an award for the funniest company name of2022,then the3D printed meat company “Steakholder”would win that award.Israeli company Steakholder Foods Ltd.has introduced its new product,Omakase Beef Morsels, which are bioprinted with cultured meat.The bites are inspired by the world-famous Wagyu beef, famous for its fat marbling patterns(大理石花纹)in the meat,which is also very expensive.The company was formed in2019and has an office in Israel and Belgium,and is now expanding its operations to the US.67Stakeholder uses stem cells from cattle for the production of its printed beef,and the muscle tissue and fat are printed from two separate bio-inks.68A bite can be made juicier,chewier,and the taste can also be altered.The process works by first selecting the animals to extract(提取)the stem cells from.The cells are selected from animals that will provide the best meat and yield.The next step is proliferation,in which the cells are placed into a nutrient rich reactor to multiply.When the cells reach appropriate numbers,the stem cells change into muscle cells and fat cells.69“This product marks a major step forward for us and for the cultured meat industry in general,”said Arik Kaufman,CEO of Steakholder Foods.“It is the result of a lot of hard work and our desire to achieve the highest level of meat possible through bioprinting and cell culture processes.”高三英语共15页第10页70Its patent for3D-bioprinting technology is the result of intensive cooperation between its3D printing engineers and cell biologists.“We see Omakase Beef Morsels as the combination of food,technology and fine art,”Kaufman said.“We want to inspire chefs around the world to create delicious masterpieces and unforgettable dining experiences.”So there you have it,guilt-free meat eating may be just around the corner.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.71.ChatbotsWhat if instead of clicking on link after link on a company’s website,you could type a question and get an immediate,customized answer?Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots.Chatbots are computer programs that can communicate with human beings by phone,on messaging apps or on websites.There are two types of chatbots:open and closed.A closed chatbot follows a script,which may or may not involve using AI(artificial intelligence)to understand users’messages.An open chatbot uses AI both to figure out what users want and to generate responses.Open chatbots are able to learn from their conversations and thus improve their ability to communicate over time.This means that open chatbots can respond to a wider range of inquiries,compared with closed municating with them feels more natural,but if they have not been correctly trained,users may have a bad experience with them.One significant advantage of chatbots is that they are available all the time,even in the middle of the night.Plus,a single chatbot can cater to multiple users at once.This means that users can get immediate answers to their questions rather than waiting for a human representative.Chatbots have the potential to overcome several technological problems people face.These include difficulty in searching websites and trouble finding basic information and answers to simple questions.However,in order for chatbots to work,humans are still indispensable(不可或缺的).Someone has to program the chatbots initially,train them,and maintain and improve the chatbot system.Further, even open chatbots may not have the answers to detailed questions,and many people simply prefer speaking to a human rather than a chatbot.Thus,chatbots are unlikely to completely replace human agents.Rather,they will help users resolve simple problems so that customer service representatives can focus on more difficult issues.高三英语共15页第11页V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.帮我去楼下杂货店买点面粉，行吗？(help)73.据报道，目前最重要的是要恢复被飓风摧毁的电力系统。
2020年上海崇明中学高三英语模拟试题含部分解析
2020年上海崇明中学高三英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题1. There is no such place ______ you dream of in this world.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. as参考答案：D2. —I really had a wonderful time at the party last night．— .A．Oh，that’s very nice of you B． CongratulationsC．It’s a pleasure D．Oh，I’m glad to hear that参考答案：D3. Many experts hold the view________ teachers’ development is ________ the key to better education lies in.A. that; whichB. that; whatC. that; whereD. which; where参考答案：B考查同位语从句和表语从句。
句意：很多专家们持有相同的观点—教师的发展是教育提升的关键所在。
第一个空引导的句子在解释说明view观点，是同位语从句，只起连接作用用that，第二个空位于be动词之后是表语从句，从句中介词in缺少宾语，填what，故选C。
4. The headmaster made a speech to us senior three students last week, _ that would have better meals in our canteen.A． to promise B． promised C． promising D． having promised参考答案：C5. _______ of your parents has to come to sign the papers because your signature doesn’t count.A. BothB. EitherC. NoneD. Neither 参考答案：B6. The computer system ________ suddenly while he was surfing the Internet.A. broke inB. broke downC. brokeup D. broke out参考答案：B7. I have no _____ that you will succeed, but I wonder whether you have really got everything ready.A. doubtB. wonderC. chanceD. point参考答案：A8. ----Were you surprised by the ending of the film?----No, I_______the book, so I already knew the story.A. was readingB. had readC. am readingD. have read参考答案：B9. — Her brother is said to be very bright.—__________ She wouldn’t accept his help even if he offered it.A．No wonder. B. So what? C. No doubt. D. What for?参考答案：B10. It was announced that only when the fire was put out_______ to return to their dormitories.A. would the students be permittedB. the students had been permittedC. the students would be permittedD. had the students been permitted参考答案：A11. You can use a large plastic bottle, _____ cut off, as a pot to grow young plants in.A. the top isB. the top of whichC. whose topD. with its top参考答案：D12. We know that the Black Sea, one thousand years ago, was a fresh water lake about ________ and unconnected with the Mediterranean.A. its two thirds present sizeB. two-thirds size of the presentC. its two-thirds of the present sizeD. two- thirds its present size参考答案：D略13. Yin used her interest in the teenage wizard to set up a "Harry Potter Club" at her university,_____ attracting over 400 members and introducing her to a whole new circle of friends． A．eventually B. efficiently C.evidently D．extremely参考答案：A14. The deadline of the scientific design competition is drawing near, so the monitor us to accelerate our pace.A.persuadedB.allowedC.urgedD.threatened参考答案：C考查动词。
2023届上海市崇明区高三英语一模试卷及答案(不含听力)
2023届上海市崇明区高三一模英语试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Relatives. B. Colleagues. C. Agent and customer. D. Postman and sender.2. A. $3. B. $5. C. $9. D. $15.3. A. Her son doesn't have a blue scarf.B. She'll help the man look for his scarf.C. The man didn't take her son's scarf.D. She likes the color of the man's scarf.4. A. His aunt will buy him an e-dictionary.B. His aunt paid too much for the e-dictionary.C. The woman needn't buy an e-dictionary.D. He doesn't know how much an e-dictionary costs.5. A. She missed the whole game.B. She is curious about the result of the game.C. She also left the game early.D. She sat right behind the man during the game.6. A. Dustbins for garbage sorting.B. Benefits of recycling rubbish.C. Charges for colored dustbins.D. Reasons for protecting the environment.7. A. The jacket is too big for him.B. It has been too warm to wear the jacket.C. He doesn't like cold weather.D. He didn't buy the jacket until it got cooler.8. A. She hates history lessons.B. She thinks Dr. Parker 's tests are easy.C. Dr. Parker no longer teaches history.D. The man's source of information is reliable.9. A. Have his desk repaired.B. Ask the bookstore for a refund.C. Look for the misplaced check.D. Borrow some cash from the woman.10. A. He isn't allowed to tell the student her grade.B. He doesn't know how to find the student's grade.C. Dr. Wilson hasn't finished grading the mid-term exam.D. Dr. Wilson doesn't want to be contacted while he's away.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions II through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Proper ways of helping the homeless.B. Suitable places for helping the homeless.C. Various views on helping the homeless.D. Underlying reasons for helping the homeless.12. A. The money may be stolen.B. They may get addicted to money.C. The money may be misused.D. They may buy clothing with the money.13. A. Set up an organization.B. Teach homeless people a skill.C. Save resources in the community.D. Build shelters for the homeless.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Sleep is vital to people's health.B. Chinese people sleep least in the world.C. Chinese people are sleeping less.D. Sleep hours vary in different groups of people.15. A. Screen time.B. Attitude to age.C. Mental disorders.D. Working relationships.16. A. The more people earn, the better they sleep.B. Over half of teenagers get less sleep due to study stress.C. Chinese people s average sleep quality is also worsening.D. Office workers' sleep quality is the worst among all the respondents. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Studying for an exam.B. A computer game the man is playing.C. Visiting a close friend of theirs.D. A class presentation they 're preparing.18. A. He's already finished studyingB. He's taking an online biology test.C. He's taking a break from studying.D. He's searching for some information.19. A. Excited.B. Surprised.C. Frustrated.D. Embarrassed.20. A. He owed her a favor.B. He heard she did poorly on the last test.C. He'd rather study on his own.D. He hates to bother her late in the evening.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Laziness and Lack of Sleep Can Shorten Your Life, Especially When CombinedYou already know that smoking is bad for you and that drinking too much alcohol may shorten your life. Now a new study says that spending too much time in a chair and not having enough sleep should join a short list of behaviors (21) _____(know) to increase your risk of premature death.Sitting for a long time and lack of sleep were damaging in their own way, but when combined with more traditional risk factors, (22) _____ had a multiplier effect that made an early death far more likely.The findings, published in the journal PLOS Medicine, make clear that “some risk behaviors tend to come together and (23) _____ the joint risk could be much higher than the sum of the individual risks"For instance, smoking was (24) _____ (dangerous) single risk factor among the six studied. The small number of people for (25) _____ smoking was their only bad habit were 90 percent more likely to die during the course of the study than were people with practical clean living in every aspect. People who reported high alcohol consumption as their only risk factor did not seem (26) _____ (put) their lives in danger. But for those who combined heavy drinking with smoking, the risk of premature death was doubled. And when lack of sleep (27) _____ (add) to the mix, the likelihood of an early death was nearly five times greater (28) _____ lack of sleep by itself had only a light effect on death.These numbers are based on the lives of 231,048 Australians.(29) _____ (consider) factors such as age, gender, education and other factors, the researchers saw a clear pattern. It was a person's bad lifestyle (30) _____ contributed to his orher risk of premature death.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Several Carmakers Push Plans to Offer Hydrogen-powered Vehicles Several big automakers recently announced plans to keep investing in hydrogen vehicle technology. The plans come even as many industry experts believe the technology faces a major uphill 31______ to compete against battery-powered electric cars.Hydrogen-powered cars are also known as fuel cell electric vehicles, or FCEVs. With these vehicles, fuel cells convert (转化) hydrogen gas into electricity. This differs from electric vehicles, or EVs, which get their power from a 32______ battery.Last month, the chief of Japan's Toyota Motors, Akio Toyoda, attended a race that 33______ an experimental hydrogen vehicle. The vehicle_ 34 a traditional gasoline-powered engine that had been converted to run on hydrogen.Toyoda told reporters at the event such conversions could keep traditional internal combustion engines (内燃机) running in a 35______ world. This, he said, could avoid the need to completely leave behind internal combustion and save millions of auto industry jobs.In Germany, BMW and Volkswagen Group are both developing hydrogen-powered passenger vehicles along with a series of new EVs. BMW said last month it has developed a hydrogen prototype(原型) based on its X5 model in a project partly 36______ by the German government.Officials at South Korean automaker Hyundai have also spoken about the importance of continuing to explore hydrogen-based vehicles along with developing EVs. The company currently sells a passenger fuel cell vehicle called the NEXO. And Hyundai announced it plans to offer hydrogen fuel cell versions for all its 37______ vehicles by 2028.In fuel cell technology, hydrogen combines with oxygen to produce electrical power. Itis considered clean energy because the process only releases water and steam into the atmosphere. This makes the technology a good_ 38 for helping the world reduce its carbon emissions.Currently, however, most of the hydrogen produced worldwide is made using natural gas or coal- both of which cause pollution. Supporters of the technology expect that to change over time. They say the 39______ use of electricity from wind and solar energy will be able to separate hydrogen and oxygen in water. Those production methods, however, are more 40______.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When looking at ways to expand your business, does it make sense to go global? The answer is yes - expanding to international markets helps companies grow, increases buying power and diversifies market opportunities. It better prepares the company for changes in the 41______ economy. It can result in increased profits, a diverse customer base and improved stability.Before the pandemic, 42______ expansion almost always meant international travel. 43______ bias (偏见) in some countries historically made business expansion difficult for women, and international travel can 44______ the delicate work-life balance entrepreneurs (企业家) of both sexes strive to maintain.The Covid-19 pandemic 45______ global e-commerce and opportunities. The world is conducting business 46______ with far more success than anticipated. This shift to business by the internet presents tremendous global opportunities for women as it effectively makes the situation 47______.Conducting business on the internet 48______ the complications of gender, race, religion, color and lifestyle, simplifying business down to the principles of supply and demand. This opens more doors for growth and enables entrepreneurs to study potential markets and the buyer 's journey from the 49______ of their own office.So, how can you accomplish successful international expansion? First, identify your targetmarket, and then develop an inbound marketing strategy.This involves providing all the information your target consumers need on your 50______ so consumers can find you and research the answers to their initial questions on their own. With a defined inbound strategy, well-written content and social media outreach, you can bring 51______ buyers to you instead of continually searching for new buyers.A vital part of your global inbound marketing strategy will be to translate important information from your website into your target consumer 's native language. Even if your target consumers are multilingual, most 52______ to buy from sites that provide information in their native language.Then how can you develop your inbound marketing strategy? The first step is to select a market that 53______ your company goals and marketing strategy. Choose one country, one language, and develop a multilingual marketing strategy that defines your goals and prepares you to connect with prospective buyers. Once you create the plan and process for the first country, you can copy it when you' re ready to expand into 54______ markets.You might believe that your business is too small to get involved with_ 55- but consider this: When you make use of the power of the internet, it doesn't matter if your company is large or small. The key is to shift your focus from outbound to inbound marketing一and bring buyers to you.41. A. booming B. domestic C. current D. industrial42. A. rapid B. successful C. further D. global43. A. Gender B. Media C. Cultural D. Political44. A. keep B. upset C. promote D. restore45. A. looks into B. breaks down C. speeds up D. responds to46. A. desperately B. efficiently C. securely D. remotely47. A. fair B. worse C. real D. reliable48. A. increases B. promotes C. removes D. illustrates49. A. angle B. comfort C. relief D. imagination50. A. desk B. website C. shoulder D. market51. A. qualified B. wealthy C. foreign D. optimistic52. A. intend B. hesitate C. volunteer D. prefer53. A. attaches to B. benefits from C. sees through D. agrees with54. A. commercial B. additional C. overseas D. private55. A. marketing B. financing C. exporting D. trainingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Francis Kere appears on the screen in a loose white Oxford shirt and an enormous, slightly amazed smile. “Can you imagine?" the newest Pritzker Architecture Prize winner says. “I w as born in a little village in Burkina Faso where there was no school then. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write very simply because then I could then translate or read him his letters."The first African winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize had already received numerous awards in his field, but Kere was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's most famous prize. “Francis Kere is pioneering architecture - sustainable to the earth and its inhabitants - in lands of extreme scarcity," said committee chair, Tom Pritzker, in a statement. “He is equally architect and servant, improving upon the lives and experiences of countless citizens in a region of the world that is at times forgotten. Through buildings that demonstrate beauty, modesty, boldness and invention, Kere gracefully deserves this Prize."Kere says his architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region where temperatures are regularly higher than 100 degrees Fahrenheit. “You will sit and it's very hot inside," he said. “And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was strong and in my head the idea one day grew that as an adult, I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I can feel better"In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School in Burkina Faso, Kere drew on traditional building materials and emphasized shade and shadows with well-ventilated (通风良好的) spaces that reduce the need for air conditioning.When he was twenty, in 1985, Kere earned a vocational scholarship to study carpentry inBerlin. But while absorbed in the practicality of roofing and fumiture making, he also attended night school and was admitted to Technische Universitat Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004 with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he designed and built Gando Primary School. It turned out to be a springboard for his career and still guides his ethos (理念) today.56. Which of the following is a reason for Kere's winning the Pritzker Architecture Prize?A. His designs are innovative and eco-friendly.B. He's received plenty of awards in architecture.C. His designs mainly consist of school buildings.D. He's good at using new materials in his architecture.57. ________ acts as a stimulus to Kere's becoming an architect.A. His study of carpentry in BerlinB. His hometown's extremely hot whetherC. His parents' expectations of himD. His uncomfortable experience at school58. _______ helps Kere establish his status in architecture.A. His design of Gando Primary SchoolB. His research in Technische Universitat BerlinC. His love for nature and his hometownD. His commitment to the development of Africa59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Francis Kere: a True Pioneer in African ArchitectureB. Francis Kere: a Great African Contributor to ArchitectureC. Francis Kere: the First African to Win Architecture 's Top AwardD. Francis Kere: the First African Winner of Awards in ArchitectureAre you considering new challenges? Would you like to take your English to the next level with our in-house methods that are highly effective, yet relaxing and fun?How about spending your hard-earned vacation time studying English during a delicious breakfast, or during lunch in a historical pub, or at night from a sky room as you enjoy views of London or Dublin? You could be sitting comfortably inside or in front of a palace or castle, drinking coffee or tea while you study. Why not?A language immersion (沉浸) programme is the experience of diving into a different culture.It is not the 'false-reality' of the internet or technology.To experience historical cities, villages, castles, pubs, businesses etc., is to understand acountry's culture and its DNA.60. The above advertisement is aimed at _______.A. foreign students in Ireland and EnglandB. students in the world's top-ranked universitiesC. people who'd like to learn English while travellingD. people who's fluent in English and good at communication61. What is special about English 4 Professionals?A. It cooperates with the world's top-ranked universities.B. It exposes learners to the culture in the course of learning.C. It motivates learners by providing bonuses like a trip to Dublin.D. It boasts active learning methods with the help of virtual tourism.62. According to the advertisement, your learning experience with E4P can be ______.A. funny but thrillingB. objective and relaxingC. experiential but exhaustingD. personalized and unforgettable(C)The water off the coast of northwest Greenland is a glass-like calm, but the puddles (水坑) on the region's icebergs are a sign that a transformation is underway higher on the ice sheet Several days of unusually warm weather in northern Greenland have caused rapid melting, made visible by the rivers of meltwater rushing into the ocean. Temperatures have been running around 60 degrees Fahrenheit - 10 degrees warmer than normal for this time of year, scientists said.The amount of ice that melted in Greenland between July 15 and 17 this year alone一6 billion tons of water per day - - would be enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools, according to data from the US National Snow and Ice Data Center.Each summer, scientists worry that they will see a repeat of the record melting that occurred in 2019, when 532 billion tons of ice flowed out into the sea. An unexpectedly hot spring and a July heat wave that year caused almost the entire ice sheet's surface to melt.Global sea level rose permanently by 1.5 millimeters as a result.Greenland holds enough ice- if it all melted - to lift sea level by 7.5 meters around the world. The latest research points to a more and more threatening situation on the Northern Hemisphere's iciest island.“Unprecedented (史无前例的)” rates of melting have been observed at the bottom of the Greenland ice sheet, a study published in February found, caused by huge quantities of meltwater flowing down from the surface. This water is particularly concerning because it can destabilize the sheet above it and could lead to a massive, rapid loss of ice.And in 2020, scientists found that Greenland's ice sheet had melted beyond the point of no return. The rate of melting in recent years exceeds anything Greenland has experienced in the last 12,000 years, another study found 一and enough to cause measurable change in the gravitational field over Greenland.At the East Greenland Ice-core Project--or East GRIR--research camp in northwest Greenland, the work of scientists to understand the impact of climate change is being affected by climate change itself.Aslak Grinsted, a climate scientist at the University of Copenhagen's Niels Bohr Institute, said that they have been trying to get flights into the camp but the warmth is destabilizing the landing site.Before human-caused climate change kicked in, temperatures near 32 degrees Fahrenheit there were unheard of. But since the 1980s, this region has warmed by around 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit per decade--four times faster than the global pace--making it all the more likely that temperatures will cross the melting point.63. The passage is mainly written to _______.A. alert people to the rapid melting of Greenland's ice sheetB. arouse people 's awareness of protecting the environmentC. inform people of the large amount of ice Greenland holdsD. reveal to people the cause and effect of the rise in sea level64. What does “a transformation" in the first paragraph refer to?A. Climate change.B. A rise in sea level.C. Global warming.D. The melting of ice.65. What can be learned about the ice that melted in 2019?A. It repeated a record melting of the ice sheet several years ago.B. Its amount was the largest ever and lifted sea level permanently.C. It was enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools.D. Its melting rate was so rapid as to result in an unexpectedly hot spring.66. It is implied in the passage that _______.A. climate change is a result of human activitiesB. the study of climate change is being made easierC. the melting of Greenland's ice sheet is reversibleD. temperatures increase 1 .5°F or so each decade globallySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Israeli Company Develops 3D Printed BeefIf there were an award for the funniest company name of 2022, then the 3D printed meatcompany “Stakeholder" would win that award.Israeli company Stakeholder Foods Ltd. has introduced its new product, Omakase Beef Morsels, which are bio printed with cultured meat. The bites are inspired by the world-famous Wagyu beef, famous for its fat marbling patterns (大理石花纹) in the meat, which is also very expensive.The company was formed in 2019 and has an office in Israel and Belgium, and is now expanding its operations to the Us. 67_______Stakeholder uses stem cells from cattle for the production of its printed beef, and the muscle tissue and fat are printed from two separate bio-inks. 68_______ A bite can be made juicier, chewier, and the taste can also be altered.The process works by first selecting the animals to extract (提取) the stem cells from. The cells are selected from animals that will provide the best meat and yield. The next step is proliferation, in which the cells are placed into a nutrient rich reactor to multiply. When the cells reach appropriate numbers, the stem cells change into muscle cells and fat cells. 69_______“This product marks a major step forward for us and for the cultured meat industry in general,' said Arik Kaufiman, CEO of Stakeholder Foods. “It is the result of a lot of hard work and our desire to achieve the highest level of meat possible through bioprinting and cell culture processes."70_______ Its patent for 3D-bioprinting technology is the result of intensive cooperation between its 3D printing engineers and cell biologists. “We see Omakase Beef Morsels as the combination of food, technology and fine art," Kaufinan said. “We want to inspire chefs around the world to create delicious masterpieces and unforgettable dining experiences." So there you have it, guilt-free meat eating may be just around the corner.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. ChatbotsWhat if instead of clicking on link after link on a company's website, you could type a question and get an immediate, customized answer? Some companies are working to makethis a reality using chatbots. Chatbots are computer programs that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps or on websites.There are two types of chatbots: open and closed. A closed chatbot follows a script, which may or may not involve using AI (artificial intelligence) to understand users' messages. An open chatbot uses AI both to figure out what users want and to generate responses. Open chatbots are able to learn from their conversations and thus improve their ability to communicate over time. This means that open chatbots can respond to a wider range of inquiries, compared with closed chatbots. Communicating with them feels more natural, but if they have not been correctly trained, users may have a bad experience with them.One significant advantage of chatbots is that they are available all the time, even in the middle of the night. Plus, a single chatbot can cater to multiple users at once. This means that users can get immediate answers to their questions rather than waiting for a human representative. Chatbots have the potential to overcome several technological problems people face. These include difficulty in searching websites and trouble finding basic information and answers to simple questions.However, in order for chatbots to work, humans are still indispensable (不可或缺的). Someone has to program the chatbots initially, train them, and maintain and improve the chatbot system. Further, even open chatbots may not have the answers to detailed questions, and many people simply prefer speaking to a human rather than a chatbot. Thus, chatbots are unlikely to completely replace human agents. Rather, they will help users resolve simple problems so that customer service representatives can focus on more difficult issues.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.帮我去楼下杂货店买点面粉，行吗? (help)73.据报道，目前最重要的是要恢复被飓风摧毁的电力系统。