静态路由配置 实例

12.静态路由配置
一.实训目的
1.理解静态路由的含义。

2.能够利用模拟软件实现静态路由。

二.实训器材及环境
1.安装windows 2000 Server系统的计算机一台。

2.安装模拟软件Boson Netsim 5.31。

3.实验环境搭建如下:
图12-1 实验环境
三.实训理论基础
1.静态路由的概念
静态路由是指由网络管理员手工配置的路由信息。

当网络的拓扑结构或链路的状态发生变化时,网络管理员需要手工去修改路由表中相关的静态路由信息。

静态路由信息在缺省情况下是私有的,不会传递给其他的路由器。

当然,网管员也可以通过对路由器进行设置使之成为共享的。

静态路由一般适用于比较简单的网络环境,在这样的环境中,网络管理员易于清楚地了解网络的拓扑结构,便于设置正确的路由信息。

2.静态路由的特点
静态路由的 IP 环境最适合小型、单路径、静态 IP 网际网络,具体如下:
(1)小型网际网络的定义是 2 到 10 个网络;
(2)单路径表示网际网络上的任意两个终点之间只有一条路径用于传送数据包;
(3)静态表示网际网络的拓扑结构不随时间的变化而更改。

适合使用静态路由的环境包括:
(1)小公司;
(2)家庭办公室 IP 网际网络;
(3)使用单个网络的分支机构。

与在通常是低带宽 WAN 链接上运行路由协议不同,分支机构路由器上的单个默认路由可以确保将所有未指定到分支机构网络计算机上的通信都路由到总部。

3.静态路由的缺点是
(1)不能容错。

如果路由器或链接宕机,静态路由器不能感知故障并将故障通知到其他路由
器。

这事关大型的公司网际网络,而小型办公室(在 LAN 链接基础上的两个路由器和三个网络)
不会经常宕机,也不用因此而配置多路径拓扑和路由协议。

(2)管理开销较大。

如果对网际网络添加或删除一个网络,则必须手动添加或删除与该网络连通的路由。

如果添加新路由器,则必须针对网际网络的路由对其进行正确配置。

因而维护较为麻烦。

(3)路由表不会自动更新; (4)不适合于结构复杂的网络。

四.实训内容
1.利用软件Boson Netsim 模拟静态路由的实现。

2.理解路由器配置命令。

五.实训步骤
1. 首先利用Boson Network Designer 绘制实验网络拓扑图:
图12-2 拓扑图
2.主机1和路由器R1的E0接口之间建立连接:
图12-3 主机1和路由器R1连接
3.路由器R1和R2之间通过点到点的方式建立连接:
图12-4 路由器之间点对点连接
4.建立路由器R1和路由器R2之间的对端S0接口连接:
图12-5 连接路由器R1和R2
5.连接R1的对端接口为R2的S0端口:
说明:
(1)DCE是数据电路终端设备;
(2)DTE是数据终端设备;
(3)user modeclock rate 设置串口硬件连接的时钟速率,如网络接口模块和接口处理器能接受的速率.
(4)CLOCK RATE这个是用来时钟同步用的。

通常情况下在两台路由器背对背连接时能用上,两台路由器中配置为DCE的需要提供时钟,即需要设置CLOCK RARE,配置为DTE的不需要配置,时钟跟随DCE。

但是一般在实际使用当中,客户的路由器都是接到电信运营商的网络上,有电信交换机提供时钟,客户的路由器跟随时钟。

6.针对R1的初始配置:
Router>
Router>enable (将“用户模式”转为“特许模式”)
Router>conf t (Configure terminal的简写,表示从终端进行手动配置)
Router(config)#hostname R1 (使用一个主机名来配置路由器)
R1(config)#int s0 (interface serial 简写,进入接口配置模式)
R1(config-if)#ip add 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0(设置接口地址和子网掩码)
R1(config-if)#no shut (no shutdown的简写,表示打开一个关闭的接口)
R1(config-if)#int e0
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#^Z(输入组合键Ctrl+Z,切换至普通用户模式)
R1#
7.针对R2的初始配置:
Router>
Router>enable
Router>conf t
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#int s0
R2(config-if)#ip add 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0(设置R2的S0端口的IP地址及掩码) R2(config-if)clock rate 64000(设置串口硬件连接的时钟速率,保持同步)
R2(config-if)#no shut (no shutdown的简写,表示打开一个关闭的接口)
R2(config-if)#int e0
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#^Z(输入组合键Ctrl+Z,切换至普通用户模式)
R2#show ip int brief(列出接口的IP信息和状态)
8.针对Host1的图形化配置:
C:>
C:>winipcfg (此命令用于调用图形界面方式配置主机1的IP地址)
C:>winipcfg (用于验证配置)
C:>ping 192.168.1.1(此命令用于测试主机1网关是否配置成功)
9.针对Host2的命令行配置:
C:>ipconfig /ip 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 (使用命令方式配置主机2的IP地址) C:>ipconfig /dg 192.168.2.1 (使用命令行方式配置主机2的网关)
C:>ipconfig /all (用于查看当前主机2的网络配置内容)
10.未做路由前在Host2上的路径测试:
C:>ping 192.168.2.1 (此命令用于测试主机2网关是否配置成功)
C:>ping 192.168.1.2 (用于测试“未配置路由前”,主机2和主机1是否能通信成功)
11.在R1上的路由设置:
R1(config)#^Z
R1#conf t
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
((N,M,R)上述命令用于设置路由器R1上信息经路由器R2到达192.168.2.0网络的路径) R1(config)#
12.在R2上的路由设置:
R2(config)#^Z
R2#conf t
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1
(此命令用于设置路由器R2上信息经路由器R1到达192.168.1.0网络的路径)
R2(config)#^Z
R2#show ip route (显示当前路由器R2已经配置好的路径表)
13.配置路由后在Host2上的测试:
C:>ping 192.168.1.2
(此命令用于测试“配置路由后”,主机2和主机1是否能够通信成功)
C:>tracert 192.168.1.2 (此命令行用于跟踪IP路由信息)
六.实训报告要求
1.介绍静态路由的特点。

2.详细描述静态路由模拟的实现过程。

七.课后思考
1.比较静态路由和动态路由的特点。

2.静态路由表是如何建立的?。

合集下载

Cisco路由器配置实例(经典)

Cisco路由器配置实例(经典)

实训报告实训一路由基本配置1、实验目的:路由器基本配置及ip设置2、拓扑结构图Router0 fa0/0: 192.168.11.1Fa0/1:192.168.1.1Router1 fa0/0: 192.168.11.2Fa0/1:192.168.2.1Znn1:192.168.1.2Znn2:192.168.2.23、实验步骤Router1Router>en 用户模式进入特权模式Router#conf t 特权模式进入全局模式Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host rznn1 改名字为rznn1rznn1(config)#int fa0/0 进入fa0/0端口rznn1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0 设置ip地址rznn1(config-if)#no sh 激活rznn1(config)#int fa0/1rznn1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0rznn1(config-if)#no shrznn1(config-if)#exitrznn1(config)#exitrznn1#copy running-config startup-config 保存Destination filename [startup-config]? startup-configrznn1#conf trznn1(config)#enable secret password 222 设置密文rznn1#show ip interface b 显示Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 192.168.1.1 YES manual up upVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downrouter 2outer>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host rznn2rznn2(config)#int fa0/0rznn2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.2 255.255.255.0rznn2(config-if)#no shrznn2(config)#int fa0/1rznn2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0rznn2(config-if)#no shRznn2#copy running-config startup-config 保存Destination filename [startup-config]? startup-configrznn2(config-if)#exitrznn2(config)#exitrznn2#conf trznn2(config)#enable secret 222rznn2#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.2 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 192.168.2.1 YES manual up upVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down实训二1、远程登录、密码设置及验证为路由器开设telnet端口,PC机可以远程登陆到Rznn3(Router 1)拓扑结构图Router0:192.168.1.1Pc:192.168.1.2步骤rznn3>rznn3>enrznn3#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.rznn3(config)#no ip domain lookuprznn3(config)#line cons 0rznn3(config-line)#password znnrznn3(config-line)#loginrznn3(config-line)#no exec-trznn3(config-line)#logg syncrznn3(config-line)#exitrznn3(config)#int fa0/0rznn3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0rznn3(config-if)#no shrznn3(config-if)#exitrznn3(config)#line vty 0 4 打通五个端口rznn3(config-line)#password cisco 设置密码rznn3(config-line)#login 保存rznn3(config-line)#exit4、测试:实训三命令组1、目的:八条命令(no ip domain lookup\line cons 0\password\login\no exec-t\logg sync\show version\reload\copy running-config startup-config)\show cdp neighbors)2、拓扑结构图Router0 fa0/0: 192.168.11.1Router1 fa0/0: 192.168.11.23、步骤rznn1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.1、rznn1(config)#no ip domain lookup 取消域名查找转换2、rznn1(config)#line cons 0 打开cons 0端口3、rznn1(config-line)#password znn 设置密码为znnrznn1(config-line)#login 保存rznn1(config-line)#no exec-t 设置永不超时4、rznn1(config-line)#logg sync 产生日志5、rznn1#show version 显示思科路由系统版本信息Cisco IOS Software, 2800 Software (C2800NM-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(15)T1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)Technical Support: /techsupportCopyright (c) 1986-2007 by Cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Wed 18-Jul-07 06:21 by pt_rel_team6、rznn1#show cdp neighbors 查看路由器连接的相邻路由器的相关信息Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route BridgeS - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDrznn2 Fas 0/0 139 R C2800 Fas 0/07、rznn1#copy running-config startup-config 保存刚才指令Destination filename [startup-config]? startup-configBuilding configuration...[OK]8、rznn1#reload 重启路由器Proceed with reload? [confirm]System Bootstrap, Version 12.1(3r)T2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)Copyright (c) 2000 by cisco Systems, Inc.cisco 2811 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x200) with 60416K/5120K bytes of memorySelf decompressing the image :########################################################################## [OK] Restricted Rights Legendrznn1#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 192.168.1.1 YES manual up upVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down9、rznn1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 重置ip地址rznn1#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.3.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 192.168.1.1 YES manual up up Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down实训四发现协议1、实训目的通过发现协议显示路由器相邻路由的端口信息2、拓扑结构Router0:192.168.11.1Router1:fa0/0 192.168.11.2Fa0/1 192.168.12.1Router2:192.168.12.23、步骤R1路由器Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host r1r1(config)#int fa0/0r1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upr1(config-if)#r1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler1#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.1 YES manual up down FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR2 路由器Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host r2r2(config)#int fa0/0r2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.2 255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up r2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#exitr2#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler2#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r2(config)#int fa0/0r2(config-if)#int fa0/1r2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to upr2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#exitr2#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler2#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.2 YES manual up upFastEthernet0/1 192.168.12.1 YES manual up down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR3路由器Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host r3r3(config)#int fa0/0r3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0r3(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up r3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#exitr3#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler3#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.12.2 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR1发现邻居r1#show cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route BridgeS - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDr2 Fas 0/0 165 R C2800 Fas 0/0R2发现邻居r2#show cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route BridgeS - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDr1 Fas 0/0 176 R C1841 Fas 0/0r3 Fas 0/1 130 R C1841 Fas 0/0R3发现邻居r3#show cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route BridgeS - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDr2 Fas 0/0 166 R C2800 Fas 0/14、总结show 命令(1)show ip interface b (显示端口ip信息)(2)show version (显示ios版本信息)(3)show running-config (显示刚才使用的命令配置信息)(4)show cdp neighbors (显示发现邻居直连设备信息)(5)show interface (显示所有端口详细信息)实训五静态路由1、实验目的:将不同网段的网络配通(ip route)Ip route语法:ip route 目标地址子网掩码相邻路由器接口地址Show ip route2、试验拓扑:Router0:192.168.11.1Router1:fa0/0 192.168.11.2Fa0/1 192.168.12.1Router2:192.168.12.23、实验步骤:Router1Router>enRouter#conf tRouter(config)#host r1r1(config)#int fa0/0r1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upr1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#exitr1#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.1 YES manual up downFastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downr1#%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up r1#ping 192.168.12.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.1, timeout is 2 seconds:.....Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)r1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r1(config)#ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.11.2r1(config)#exitr1#ping 192.168.12.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 msr1#ping 192.168.12.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.2, timeout is 2 seconds:.....Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)r1#ping 192.168.12.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.2, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 47/62/78 msr1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S 192.168.12.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.11.2Router3Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host r3r3(config)#int fa0/0r3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0r3(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up r3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#exitr3#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler3#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.12.2 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downr3#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r3(config)#ip route 192.168.11.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.1r3(config)#exitr3#ping 192.168.11.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.2, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 msr3#ping 192.168.11.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 msr3#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setS 192.168.11.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.1C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/04、默认路由Route 1r1>enr1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r1(config)#no ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.11.2%No matching route to deleter1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0r1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.2r1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.11.2 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.11.2r1#ping 192.168.12.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/28/31 msr1#ping 192.168.12.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 msRoute 3r1>enr1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r1(config)#no ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.11.2%No matching route to deleter1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0r1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.2r1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.11.2 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.11.2r3#ping 192.168.11.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 ms实训六动态路由RIP 协议1、实验目的使用配置动态路由启动Rip协议使用到的命令(router rip/network/show ip protocols/show ip route)2、实验拓扑R1 fa0/0 192.168.11.1R2 fa0/0 192.168.11.2fa0/1 192.168.12.1R3 fa0/0 192.168.12.23、实验步骤R1Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#host r1r1(config)#int fa0/0r1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#no shr1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#router ripr1(config-router)#network 192.168.11.0r1(config-router)#exitr1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR2Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#host r2r2(config)#int fa0/0r2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.2 255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#no shr2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#int fa0/1r2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#no shr2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#router ripr2(config-router)#network 192.168.11.0r2(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0r2(config-router)#exitr2(config)#exitr2#R3Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#host r3r3(config)#int fa0/0r3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0r3(config-if)#no shr3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#router ripr3(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0r3(config-router)#exitr3(config)#exitr3#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console4、实验测试R1r1#show ip protocolsRouting Protocol is "rip"Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 10 secondsInvalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not setIncoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Redistributing: ripDefault version control: send version 1, receive any version Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain FastEthernet0/0 1 2 1Automatic network summarization is in effectMaximum path: 4Routing for Networks:192.168.11.0Passive Interface(s):Routing Information Sources:Gateway Distance Last UpdateDistance: (default is 120)r1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 192.168.12.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.11.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/0 r1#ping 192.168.12.0Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.0, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 msR2r2#show ip protocolsRouting Protocol is "rip"Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 21 secondsInvalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not setIncoming update filter list for all interfaces is not setRedistributing: ripDefault version control: send version 1, receive any versionInterface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain FastEthernet0/0 1 2 1FastEthernet0/1 1 2 1Automatic network summarization is in effectMaximum path: 4Routing for Networks:192.168.11.0192.168.12.0Passive Interface(s):Routing Information Sources:Gateway Distance Last UpdateDistance: (default is 120)r2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R3r3#show ip protocolsRouting Protocol is "rip"Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 15 secondsInvalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not setIncoming update filter list for all interfaces is not setRedistributing: ripDefault version control: send version 1, receive any versionInterface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain FastEthernet0/0 1 2 1Automatic network summarization is in effectMaximum path: 4Routing for Networks:192.168.12.0Passive Interface(s):Routing Information Sources:Gateway Distance Last UpdateDistance: (default is 120)r3#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setR 192.168.11.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.12.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0r3#ping 192.168.11.0Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.0, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 ms实训七负载平衡试训目的实现负载平衡实训拓扑R1 fa0/0 192.168.11.1R2 eth0/0/0 192.168.11.2Fa0/0 192.168.12.1Fa0/0 192.168.13.1R3 fa0/0 192.168.12.2Fa0/1 192.168.14.1R4 fa0/0 192.168.13.2Fa0/1 192.168.15.1R5 fa0/0 192.168.14.2Fa0/1 192.168.15.2实训步骤(R1 )r1>enR1#conf tR1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.2R1(config)#exitr1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.11.2 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.11.2(R2)r2>enr2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.12.2r2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.13.2r2(config)#exitr2#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoles% Ambiguous command: "s"r2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.12.2 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0/0C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.13.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2[1/0] via 192.168.13.2(R3)r3>enr3#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.12.1r3(config)#exitr3#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler3#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.12.1 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.14.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.12.1(R4)r4>enr4#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r4(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.13.1r4(config)#exitr4#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler4#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.13.1 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.13.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.15.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.13.1(R5)r5>enr5#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r5(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.14.1r5(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.15.1r5(config)#exitr5#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler5#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.14.1 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.14.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.15.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.14.1[1/0] via 192.168.15.1实训测试(R1)r1#ping 192.168.14.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.14.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/84/94 ms (R5)r5#ping 192.168.11.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 79/91/94 ms实训八DHCP 协议配置实训目的全网配通实训拓扑Fa0/0 192.168.11.1Fa0/1 192.168.12.1实训步骤Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host r1r1(config)#int fa0/0r1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#no shr1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#int fa0/1r1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#no shr1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#ip dhcp pool znn //配置一个根地址池znnr1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.11.0 255.255.255.0 //为所有客户机动态分配的地址段r1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.11.1 //为客户机配置默认的网关r1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.168.11.1 //为客户机配置DNS服务器r1(dhcp-config)#exitr1(config)#ip dhcp pool znn1r1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0r1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.12.1r1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.168.12.1r1(dhcp-config)#exit。

神州数码路由器实例配置

神州数码路由器实例配置

本地局域网互联(路由协议配置)任务一实验目的:1 掌握路由协议的配置方法;2 理解路由协议的工作过程和使用环境;3 掌握利用路由器连接本地局域网的方法;试验设备:1.DCR-1700或者DCR-2600 路由器一台2. DCRS-3926S交换机一台3. PC机,网线,CONSOLE 线实验拓扑:实验步骤:1.Router#deletethis file will be erased,are you sure?(y/n)y no such fileRouter#writeSaving current configuration...OK!Router#rebootDo you want to reboot the router(y/n)?yPlease wait.. //恢复出厂设置2.Router#show ip route //查看IP路由表Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connectedD - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter areaON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2DHCP - DHCP typeVRF ID: 0 //没有路由表项3.Router#configRouter_config#interface fRouter_config#interface fastEthernet 0/0Router_config_f0/0#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0Router_config_f0/0#exit Router_config#interface eRouter_config#interface ethernet 0/1Router_config_e0/1#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0//设置路由器两个以太网接口IP地址4.VRF ID: 0C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly con nected, FastEthernet0/0 //直通路由5.测试PC1与测试计算机的连同性。

配置静态路由与VPN

配置静态路由与VPN

配置静态路由与VPN实验项⽬配置静态路由和VPN【实验⽬的】1.理解NAT的⼯作过程及其原理;2.学会安装NAT服务器;3.能够独⽴配置并管理⼀个NAT服务器。

路由部分按书上要求,配置实现第7章,图7-9所⽰的拓扑结构(⽤静态路由实现)。

VPN部分1、设置VPN服务器IP地址:192.168.XX.1(XX为学号后两位)。

2、设置VPN地址池为192.168.XX.20 ~ 192.168.XX.40。

3、验证VPN拨⼊实验。

【实验环境】1.装有Windows2003/XP操作系统的计算机;2.如果系统中没有安装远程访问及路由组件,需要有Windows2003/XP的安装盘或其安装⽂件包。

【重点和难点】重点:1.实现上图中的拓扑结构,实现跨越2个局域⽹的两台主机能够相互访问2.在实现拓扑结构的过程中,深⼊理解局域⽹之间以及局域⽹内部的路由访问难点:在实现上图拓扑结构的时候,会有各个主机之间⽆法相互访问的情况。

【实验内容及步骤】⼀.实现静态路由访问(如上图的拓扑结构):1.按照上图的拓扑结构,打开4台虚拟机,其中2台客户机,2台服务器,并标记为A(XP)、B(SERVER)、C(XP)、D(SERVER)2.配置A、D的IP地址分别为10.0.0.1、30.0.0.2将A的默认⽹关设置为10.0.0.2B 的默认⽹关设置为30.0.0.13.B、C服务器要求有2张⽹卡4.B的⼀张⽹卡配置IP地址为10.0.0.2另⼀张为20.0.0.1,,并且将其默认⽹关设置为20.0.0.2,C的⼀张⽹卡配置IP地址为20.0.0.2,并将其默认⽹关设置为:20.0.0.1另⼀张⽹卡配置为30.0.0.15.完成以上的基础设置后,然后按如下的操作设置服务器6.在服务器B中打开管理⼯具中的“路由和访问控制”7.⾸先关闭服务(等待关闭你完成,然后选择“配置并启⽤路由和远程访问”):8.右键选择“静态路由”:9.按照如下的内容填写配置:10.在服务器C上的配置与以上的步骤相同,只是在创建静态表的时候,按如下填写⼆、VPN的实现:1、打开管理⼯具,进⼊到“远程和路由访问”2、根据向导,安装远程访问和路由服务器3、在配置⼀项的时候,选择第⼀项:“远程访问”:4、勾选VPN5、为服务器指定⼀个地址范围6、按照如下的设置配置⼀个范围的地址7、右键选择“我的电脑”选择“本地⽤户和组”下⾯的⽤户,然后在右边新建⼀个⽤户,命名为VPNuser,并完成相关信息的设置8、右键选择新添加的⽤户“VPNuser”进⼊到它的属性9、在属性菜单下的“拨⼊”选项卡中,选中“允许访问”10、在客户机XP上打开⽹络连接,然后选择“创建⼀个新的连接”11、按照如下的提⽰完成操作。

IPv6路由配置实例

IPv6路由配置实例
华为路由器配置实例思科路由器配置实例锐捷ipv6路由器ipv6路由无线路由ipv6路由器ipv6路由器ipv6设置路由器不支持ipv6路由器支持ipv6支持ipv6的路由器
IPv6路由配置实例
IPv6的静态路由


R1的Lo0接口连接子网“fec0:aaaa::1/64”,R1的 Lo1接口连接子网“fec0:bbbb::1/64”,R2的Lo0 接口连接子网“fec0:dddd::2/64”。 R1的s0/0接口配置“fec0:cccc::1/64”,R2的s0/0 接口配置“fec0:cccc::2/64”,以实现R1和R2连接。

R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing //启用IPv6流量 转发 R1(config)#ipv6 router ospf 100 //设置IPv6 OSPFv3进程 R1(config-rtr)#router-id 1.1.1.1 //设置路由器ID R1(config)# interface serial0/0/0 R1(config-if)#ipv6 address fec0:12::1/64 R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 100 area 1 //在接口上启用 OSPFv3,宣告所在区域 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config)# interface GigabitEthernet0/0 R1(config-if)#ipv6 address fec0:1111::1/64 R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 100 area 1 //在接口上启用 OSPFv3,宣告所在区域 R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1 S0/0/0 fec0:cccc::1/64 S0/0/0 R2 fec0:cccc::2/64 Lo0:fec0:dddd::2/64

12-13路由器基本配置和静态路由

12-13路由器基本配置和静态路由
注意R2上有两条路由,为什么? 这是router1上s2/0端 口的地址
也可写成: router1(config)#ip route 192.169.30.0 255.2555.255.0 s2/0 R2(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 s2/0 R2(config)#ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 s2/0
2、配置路由器的直通路由: 为路由器相应端口配置IP地 址并启用该端口 PC1: IP地址:192.168.10.1 PC2: IP地址:192.168.20.1
直连路由的观察
1、计算机和路由器之间 直接连接要用交叉线 2、配置路由器的直连路 由: 为路由器相应端口配置 IP地址并启用该端口
IP:192.168.10.254 No shutdown
Router1/R2上静态路由的配置
router1(config)#ip route 192.169.30.0 255.2555.255.0 12.12.12.2
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.1 R2(config)#ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.1 也可写成:
R2上: F0/0:192.168.30.254/255.255.255.0 S2/0:192.168.100.2/255.255.255.0
Router1上: F0/0:192.168.10.254/255.255.255.0 F0/0:192.168.20.254/255.255.255.0 S2/0:192.168.100.1/255.255.255.0

VRP5.3操作手册IP路由分册02-第2章 静态路由配置

VRP5.3操作手册IP路由分册02-第2章 静态路由配置

目录第2章静态路由配置..............................................................................................................2-12.1 简介....................................................................................................................................2-12.1.1 静态路由..................................................................................................................2-12.1.2 缺省路由..................................................................................................................2-12.1.3 IPv6静态路由属性及功能........................................................................................2-22.2 配置IPv4静态路由............................................................................................................2-22.2.1 建立配置任务...........................................................................................................2-22.2.2 配置IPv4静态路由..................................................................................................2-42.2.3 配置IPv4静态路由的缺省优先级............................................................................2-42.2.4 检查配置结果...........................................................................................................2-42.3 配置IPv6静态路由............................................................................................................2-52.3.1 建立配置任务...........................................................................................................2-52.3.2 配置IPv6静态路由..................................................................................................2-62.3.3 检查配置结果...........................................................................................................2-62.4 配置举例.............................................................................................................................2-62.4.1 配置IPv4静态路由..................................................................................................2-62.4.2 配置IPv6静态路由................................................................................................2-10第2章静态路由配置静态路由是一种特殊的路由,它由管理员手工配置。

4实验四、静态路由

实验四、静态路由实验目的:理解什么是静态路由;熟悉掌握静态路由的配置方法,理解重要参数的意义及使用;理解如何查看路由表及简单的链路故障排查技巧。

实验知识要点:¾静态路由(static route):指由网络管理员手工配置的路由信息。

当网络的拓扑结构或链路的状态发生变化时,网络管理员需要手工去修改路由表中相关的静态路由信息。

静态路由信息在缺省情况下是私有的,不会传递给其他的路由器。

¾配置命令及参数:配置静态路由协议有两种方法:下一跳接口IP地址和出盏接口。

Router(config)#ip route network mask{address | interface }[distance]1.ip route :静态路由配置命令work:目标网络3.mask:目标网络掩码4.address:下一跳地址5.interface:本地出站接口6.distance:管理距离¾路由表:记录路由器可到达的网段和接口的对应关系。

¾查看路由表全局配置的模式下,在用show ip rout 这个命名查看路由表。

如(图4-1):(图4-1)在上面图中输出的信息首先显示路由条目各种类型的简写,如“C”为直连网络,“S”为静态路由。

以上带有下划线的路由为例,“S”表示这条路由是静态路由,手动配置的;“172.31.1.0”是目标网络;“[1/0]”是管理距离/度量值;“via 192.168.12.2”是指到达目的网络的下一跳路由器的IP地址;¾管理距离(Administrative Distance, AD):用来表示路由的可信度,路由器可能从多种途径获得同一网络的路由,为了区别它们的可信度,用管理距离加以表示。

AD值越小说明路由的可靠程度越高。

不协议的默认管理距离,如(图4-2)所示:(图4-2)¾度量值(Metric):一个路由协议判别到达目的网络的最佳路径的方法。

华为路由器配置实例

华为路由器配置实例华为路由器配置实例1.硬件连接配置1.1 连接路由器①将电缆连接到路由器的WAN口②将另一端的电缆连接到互联网服务提供商(ISP)的调制解调器1.2 连接计算机①将计算机连接到路由器的LAN口②确保计算机网络设置为自动获得IP地质2.登录路由器管理界面2.1 打开网页浏览器2.2 在浏览器地质栏输入默认的路由器管理界面IP地质(例如.192.16①)2.3 输入用户名和密码登录路由器管理界面3.基本网络设置3.1 修改管理密码①在路由器管理界面中找到“系统管理”或类似选项②设置新的管理密码并确认保存3.2 更新路由器固件①在路由器管理界面中找到“系统升级”或类似选项②相应的固件文件并进行升级3.3 配置网络名称(SSID)①在路由器管理界面中找到“无线设置”或类似选项②输入新的网络名称(SSID)并确认保存3.4 配置密码①在路由器管理界面中找到“无线设置”或类似选项②设置新的无线密码并确认保存3.5 配置IP地质分配①在路由器管理界面中找到“局域网设置”或类似选项②设置IP地质分配方式为DHCP(自动获取)4.高级网络设置4.1 配置端口转发①在路由器管理界面中找到“虚拟服务器”或类似选项②添加需要转发的端口号和对应的内部IP地质4.2 配置端口触发①在路由器管理界面中找到“端口触发”或类似选项②添加需要触发的端口范围和对应的触发条件4.3 配置静态路由①在路由器管理界面中找到“静态路由”或类似选项②添加需要配置的网络地质和对应的出口或下一跳选项5.安全设置5.1 配置防火墙①在路由器管理界面中找到“防火墙”或类似选项②配置需要开放或关闭的端口5.2 启用MAC地质过滤①在路由器管理界面中找到“无线设置”或类似选项②添加允许或禁止连接的MAC地质5.3 启用网络地质转换(NAT)①在路由器管理界面中找到“NAT”或类似选项②启用NAT并确认保存6.附件本文档涉及附件:●路由器配置截图●路由器固件升级文件●其他相关配置文件7.法律名词及注释●IP地质:Internet Protocol Address,互联网协议地质,用于标识网络设备的唯一地质。

路由器静态路由优先级

路由器静态路由优先级当我们在组建和管理网络时,路由器是一个至关重要的设备。

它扮演着一个桥梁的角色,连接不同的网络,并提供数据包转发的功能。

在路由器的配置中,静态路由是一种常见的设置,它允许管理员手动指定网络包的路径。

在路由器中配置静态路由时,一个重要的因素是确定每个静态路由的优先级。

优先级决定了路由器选择哪个路由路径来转发数据包。

在本文中,我们将详细介绍路由器静态路由的优先级配置以及其影响。

1. 静态路由的定义静态路由是通过手动配置路由表来实现的,它不依赖于动态路由协议的更新。

管理员通过将网络地址与下一跳路由器关联起来,指定了数据包从源网络到目标网络的路径。

2. 静态路由的使用场景静态路由通常在以下情况下使用:- 小型网络:在小型网络中,使用静态路由可以简化配置和管理,并减少动态路由协议的复杂性。

- 特定路径要求:管理员可能需要指定数据包通过特定路径传输,以避免拥堵或加强安全性。

- 网络连接:当网络连接到其他网络或接入互联网时,静态路由可用于指定传输路径。

3. 静态路由优先级的作用静态路由优先级决定了路由器选择哪个路由来转发数据包。

每个静态路由都有一个默认的优先级,但管理员可以根据网络的需求进行修改。

优先级是通过一个值来表示的,通常从0到255。

较低的值表示更高的优先级。

当多个静态路由是可行的选择时,路由器将选择具有较高优先级的路由路径进行数据包转发。

4. 配置静态路由优先级配置路由器上的静态路由优先级可以通过以下步骤完成:第一步,登录到路由器的管理界面。

通常,我们使用telnet、SSH 或Web界面与路由器进行交互。

第二步,进入路由器的配置模式。

不同的路由器有不同的命令行界面,例如Cisco路由器的配置模式是“configure terminal”。

第三步,进入路由器的静态路由配置界面。

具体的命令可能会有所不同,但通常会包含“ip route”一词。

第四步,指定静态路由的网络地址和下一跳路由器。

h3c -静态路由命令 源于官网

02-静态路由命令目录1 静态路由配置命令 (2)1.1 静态路由配置命令 (2)1.1.1 delete static-routes all (2)1.1.2 ip route-static (2)1.1.3 ip route-static default-preference (5)1 静态路由配置命令在以下路由协议的介绍中所指的路由器及路由器图标,代表了一般意义下的路由设备,为提高可读性,在手册的描述中将不另行说明。

1.1 静态路由配置命令1.1.1 delete static-routes all【命令】delete [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] static-routes all【视图】系统视图【缺省级别】2:系统级【参数】vpn-instance-name:指定VPN实例的名称,为1~31个字符的字符串,区分大小写。

【描述】delete static-routes all命令用来删除所有静态路由。

使用本命令删除静态路由时,系统会提示确认,确认后才会删除所配置的所有静态路由。

相关配置可参考命令ip route-static,“IP路由分册/IP路由基础命令”中的display ip routing-table。

【举例】# 删除所有静态路由。

<Sysname> system-view[Sysname] delete static-routes allThis will erase all ipv4 static routes and their configurations, you must reconf igure all static routesAre you sure?[Y/N]:Y1.1.2 ip route-static【命令】ip route-static dest-address{ mask| mask-length} { next-hop-address[ track track-entry-number ] | interface-typeinterface-number [ next-hop-address ][ bfd {control-packet | echo-packet } ] | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-namenext-hop-address [ track track-entry-number ] } [ preference preference-value ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description description-text ]undo ip route-static dest-address{ mask| mask-length} [ next-hop-address| interface-type interface-number [next-hop-address] | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address ] [ preference preference-value ]ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name&<1-6> dest-address { mask | mask-length} { next-hop-address [track track-entry-number ] [ public] | interface-type interface-number [ next-hop-address] [ bfd{control-packet | echo-packet } ] | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address[ track track-entry-number ] } [ preference preference-value] [ tag tag-value] [ description description-text ]undo ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name&<1-6> dest-address { mask| mask-length} [ next-hop-address[ public] | interface-type interface-number [next-hop-address] | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address ] [ preference preference-value ]【视图】系统视图【缺省级别】2:系统级【参数】vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name&<1-6>:指定源VPN实例的名称,取值范围为1~31个字符,区分大小写。

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