高考专题之倒装句

第十四周强调和倒装

(一)强调

①She realized that it was not the words but the way she spoke to Bruce that hurt him.(2014·厦门适应性考试)

②It is the manager rather than the workers that is to blame for the accident. They just carried out the plan as told.

③It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.

④How was it that your brother managed to pass the math exam last week? He's always so lazy.(2014·长沙模考)

⑤I do hope you can take my plan into consideration.

[规律总结]

1．强调句型的基本构成是“It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。

2．如果原句中含有“not ... until”，在强调时间状语时，将主句中的否定词not连同状语一起提前。

3．强调句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前；特殊疑问句的结构是“疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that从句”。

4．do/does/did强调句型：do/does/did只能对谓语进行强调，且只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中。

考点一强调句型的基本用法

1．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.

A．when B．that

C．which D．what

2．(2013·重庆高考)It was with the help of the local guide ________ the mountain climber was rescued.

A．who B．that

C．when D．how

考点二not until的强调句型

3．(2013·天津高考)It was not until near the end of the letter ________ she mentioned her own plan.

A．that B．where

C．why D．when

[解题技法指导]

技法一：判断强调句型的方法

判断句子是否为强调句型可以将It is/was和that/who去掉，如果剩余部分的结构依然完整，则该句为强调句型。否则则不是。

It is there that accidents often happen.

→Accidents often happen there.

事故经常在那里发生。

技法二：注意强调句与其他句型的区别

(1)强调句与定语从句的区别

It was in the factory where he worked that I got to know him.

正是在他工作的那家工厂里我开始认识了他。(where引导定语从句，that为强调结构中的that)

(2)强调句与名词性从句的区别

It's no surprise that our team has won the game.

我们队赢得比赛并不惊奇。(名词性从句)

It is not what he says but what he does that matters.

重要的是他做了什么而不是说了什么。(强调句)

(二)倒装

一、完全倒装

①For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together.

②Just in front of the bus lies an injured man, all covered with blood.

③Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away fled the thief.

④Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.

⑤Away they went.

[规律总结]

在英语中，把谓语全部放在主语之前的倒装句，称为完全倒装句。常见的完全倒装句有以下几种：

1．表示方位或时间的副词或介词短语，如here, there, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等置于句首，且主语是名词时。

2．若把作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语置于句首时，用完全倒装句。

[点津]主语是代词时不倒装。

二、部分倒装

①Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision. (2011·湖南高考)

②Only with the greatest of luck did she manage to escape from the rising flood waters. (2012·上海高考)

③—Shall we take some apples with us?

—No, at no time is food allowed in the library.

④—It's nice. Never before have I had such a special drink!

—I'm glad you like it. (2011·福建高考)

⑤Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.(2010·江西高考)

[规律总结]

1．only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时句子使用部分倒装。

2．否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little，seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时，句子使用部分倒装。

三、部分倒装的特殊句式

①They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.

②Since my return to China, I haven't seen my host mother in America nor/neither (have I heard) from her.

③So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.

④Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.

⑤Young though she is, she has travelled to many countries to put on shows.

⑥It is said that no sooner had the game started than it began to rain.(2014·哈尔）

[规律总结]

1．表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。

2．在so ...that ...和such ...that ...句式中，如果so或such引导的部分位于句首时，主句中的主语和谓语需要部分倒装。

3．not only ...but also ...连接两个并列分句，not only置于句首时，它所在的分句使用部分倒装。

4．as/though引导让步状语从句时，可将表语、状语或谓语动词提前，构成倒装。句式为：表语、状语或动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他。(though引导的从句也可用正常语序)