宁波大学2018年《621综合课1》考研专业课真题试卷
2018宁波大学661基础英语初试试卷（A卷）考研真题
2018宁波大学661基础英语初试试卷（A卷）考研真题科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语Shakespeare’s sonnets are very different from Shakespeare’s plays, but they do contain _____1_____elements and an overall sense of story. Each of the poems__2____with a highly personal theme, and each can be __3___ on its own or in relation to the poems around it. The sonnets have the feel of ___4___ poems, but we don’t know whether they deal with real events or not, because no one knows ___5___ aboutShakespeare’s life to say whether or not they deal with real events and feelings, so we tend to refer to the voice of the sonnets as “the speaker”—as ___6___ he were a dramatic creation like Hamlet or King Lear. There are certainly a number of intriguing ____7__ throughout the poems. The first 126 of the sonnets seem to be ___8___ to an unnamed young nobleman, whom the speaker loves very much; the rest of the poems (except for the last two, which seem generally unconnected to the __9___ of the sequence) seem to be addressed to a mysterious __10___ , whom the speaker loves, hates, and lusts for simultaneously. The two addressees of the sonnets are usually__11___ to as the “young man” and the “dark lady”; in summaries of individual poems, I h ave also called the young man the “beloved” and the dark lady the “lover,” especially in cases where their ____12__ can only be surmised. Within the two mini-sequences, there are a ____13___ of other discernible elements of “plot”: the speaker _14__ the young man to have children; he is forced to __15__ a separation from him; he competes with a__16___ poet for the young man’s patronage and affection. At two points in the sequence, it seems that the young man and the___17__lady are actually lovers themselves—a state of affairs with which the speaker is none too ___18___ . But while these continuities give the poems a narrative flow and a helpful frame of reference, they have been frustratingly_19____ for scholars and biographers to pin __20___ . In Shakespe are’s life, who were the young man and the dark lady?科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician mustexecute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false(F).1. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.2. There are no connectio n between mother’s nervous systems and her unborn child’s.3. According to the passage, a child may inherit a rather general ability that we call intelligence.4. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will mostly become a poet.5. The best title for the passage could be “Role of Inheritance”.Section C (10 points)Read the following passage and write a summary of it within 100 words.She sat at the window watching the evening invade the avenue. Her head was leaned against the window curtains, and in her nostrils was the odour of dusty cretonne. She was tired.Few people passed. The man out of the last house passed on his way home; she heard his footsteps clacking along the concrete pavement and afterwards crunching on the cinder path before the new red houses. One time there used to be a field there in which they used to play every evening with other people's children. Then a man from Belfast bought the field and built houses in it - not like their little科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语brown houses, but bright brick houses with shining roofs. The children of the avenue used to play together in that field - the Devines, the Waters, the Dunns, little Keogh the cripple, she and her brothers and sisters. Ernest, however, never played: he was too grown up. Her father used often to hunt them in out of the field with his blackthorn stick; but usually little Keogh used to keep nix and call out when he saw her father coming. Still they seemed to have been rather happy then. Her father was not so bad then; and besides, her mother was alive. That was a long time ago; she and her brothers and sisters were all grown up; her mother was dead. Tizzie Dunn was dead, too, and the Waters had gone back to England. Everything changes. Now she was going to go away like the others, to leave her home.Home! She looked round the room, reviewing all its familiar objects which she had dusted once a week for so many years, wondering where on earth all the dust came from. Perhaps she would never see again those familiar objects from which she had never dreamed of being divided. And yet during all those years she had never found out the name of the priest whose yellowing photograph hung on the wall above the broken harmonium beside the coloured print of the promises made to Blessed Margaret Mary Alacoque. He had been a school friend of herfather. Whenever he showed the photograph to a visitor her father used to pass it with a casual word:`He is in Melbourne now.'She had consented to go away, to leave her home. Was that wise? She tried to weigh each side of the question. In her home anyway she had shelter and food; she had those whom she had known all her life about her. Of course she had to work hard, both in the house and at business. What would they say of her in the Stores when they found out that she had run away with a fellow? Say she was a fool, perhaps; and her place would be filled up by advertisement. Miss Gavan would be glad. She had always had an edge on her, especially whenever there were people listening.`Miss Hill, don't you see these ladies are waiting?'`Look lively, Miss Hill, please.'She would not cry many tears at leaving the Stores.But in her new home, in a distant unknown country, it would not be like that. Then she would be married - she, Eveline. People would treat her with respect then. She would not be treated as her mother had been. Even now, though she was over nineteen, she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father's violence. She knew it was that that had given her the Palpitations. When they were growing up he had never gone for her, like he used to go for Harry and Ernest, because she was a girl; but latterly he had begun to科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语threaten her and say what he would do to her only for her dead mother's sake. And now she had nobody to protect her, Ernest was dead and Harry, who was in the church decorating business, was nearly always down somewhere in the country. Besides, the invariable squabble for money on Saturday nightshad begun to weary her unspeakably. She always gave her entire wages - seven shillings - and Harry always sent up what he could, but the trouble was to get any money from her father. He said she used to squander the money, that she had no head, that he wasn't going to give her his hard-earned money to throw about the streets, and much more, for he was usually fairly bad on Saturday night. In the end he would give her the money and ask her had she any intention of buying Sunday's dinner. Then she had to rush out as quickly as she could and do her marketing, holding her black leather purse tightly in her hand as she elbowed her way through the crowds and returning home late under her load of provisions. She had hard work to keep the house together and to see that the two young children who had been left to her charge went to school regularly and got their meals regularly. It was hard work - a hard life - but now that she was about to leave it she did not find it a wholly undesirable life.She was about to explore another life with Frank. Frank was very kind, manly, open-hearted. She was to go away with him by the night-boat to be his wife and to live with him in Buenos Aires, where he had a home waiting for her. How well she remembered the first time she had seen him; he was lodging in a house on the main road where she used to visit. It seemed a few weeks ago. He was standing at the gate, his peaked cap pushed back on his head and his hair tumbled forward over a face of bronze. Then they had come to know each other. He used to meet her outside the Stores every evening and see her home. He took her to see The Bohemian Girl and she felt elated as she sat in an unaccustomed part of the theatre with him He was awfully fond of music and sang a little. People knew that they were courting,and, when he sang about the lass that loves a sailor, she always felt pleasantly confused. He used to call her Poppens out of fun. First of all it had been an excitement for her to have a fellow and then she had begun to like him. He had tales of distant countries. He had started as a deck boy at a pound a month on a ship of the Allan Line going out to Canada. He told her the names of the ships he had been on and the names of the different services. He had sailed through the Straits of Magellan and he told her stories of the terrible Patagonians. He had fallen on his feet in Buenos Aires, he said, and had come over to the old country just for a holiday. Of course, her father had found out the affair and had forbidden her to have anything to say to him.`I know these sailor chaps,' he said.科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语One day he had quarrelled with Frank, and after that she had to meet her lover secretly.The evening deepened in the avenue. The white of two letters in her lap grew indistinct. One was to Harry; the other was to her father. Ernes! had been her favourite, but she liked Harry too. Her father was becoming old lately, she noticed; he would miss her. Sometimes he could be very nice. Not long before, when she had been laid up for a day, he had read her out a ghost story and made toast for her at the fire. Another day, when their mother was alive, they had all gone for a picnic to the Hill of Howth. She remembered her father putting on her mother's bonnet to make the children laugh.Her time was running out, but she continued to sit by the window, leaning her head against the window curtain, inhaling the odour of dusty cretonne. Down far in the avenue she could hear a street organ playing. She knew the air. Strange that itshould come that very night to remind her of the promise to her mother, her promise to keep the home together as long as she could. She remembered the last night of her mother's illness; she was again in the close, dark room at the other side of the hall and outside she heard a melancholy air of Italy. The organ-player had been ordered to go away and given sixpence. She remembered her father strutting back into the sick-room saying:`Damned Italians! coming over here!'As she mused the pitiful vision of her mother's life laid its spell on the very quick of her being - that life of commonplace sacrifices closing in final craziness. She trembled as she heard again her mother's voice saying constantly with foolish insistence: `Derevaun Seraun! Derevaun Seraun!'She stood up in a sudden impulse of terror. Escape! She must escape! Frank would save her. He would give her life, perhaps love, too. But she wanted to live. Why should she be unhappy? She had a right to happiness. Frank would take her in his arms, fold her in his arms. He would save her.She stood among the swaying crowd in the station at the North Wall. He held her hand and she knew that he was speaking to her, saying something about the passage over and over again. The station was full of soldiers with brown baggages. Through the wide doors of the sheds she caught a glimpse of the black mass of the boat, lying in beside the quay wall, with illumined portholes. She answered nothing. She felt her cheek pale and cold and, out of a maze of distress, she prayed to God to direct her, to show her what was her duty. The boat blew a long mournful whistle into the mist. If she went, tomorrow she would be on the sea with Frank, steaming towards Buenos Aires. Their passage had been booked. Could she still draw back after all hehad done for her? Her distress awoke a nausea in her body 科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语。
2018年上海海事大学外国语学院621综合英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2018年上海海事大学外国语学院621综合英语考研真题及详解Ⅰ. Structure and Vocabulary: (40/150)(Ⅰ) GrammarDirections: In this part, there are 20 sentences. After each sentence there are four choices and you should decide on the best one.1. In fact he had done _____ he could to help the poor.A. whatB. whichC. asD. all which【答案】A【解析】句意：事实上他做了能够帮助穷人的事情。
这句话为宾语从句，横线处的引导词指代做的帮助穷人的事情，what在这里可以看作all that。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。
2. We’ve tested ten types of material, _____ is completely waterproof.A. no of whichB. none of whichC. some of thatD. neither of which【答案】B【解析】句意：我们已经测试了十种材料，没有一种是完全防水的。
none of which指“三者或三者以上都不”。
没有no of which这种说法。
引导定语从句时that不用在介词后。
neither of which指“两者都不”。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
3. _____ makes men different from the other animals is that they can think and speak.A. ThatB. The thingC. AllD. What【答案】D【解析】句意：让人和其他动物不同的是人能思考和说话。
这句话是主语从句，横线处的引导词在句中作主语，而what可以引导主语从句。
浙江理工大学2018年《913设计艺术理论Ⅰ》考研专业课真题试卷参考答案
浙江理工大学2018年《913设计艺术理论Ⅰ》考研专业课真题试卷参考答案浙江理工大学2018年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题考试科目：设计艺术理论１参考答案一、填空题：1.宋2.通过工具、火和语言的使用以及他的艺术3.道德，价值，审美4.关注生态环境的（答案选自：使设计从关注人与物的关系转向关注人与环境及环境自身的存在，出现了关注生态环境的设计思想和设计潮流）5.密斯·凡·德·罗，西格莱姆大厦6.计成，园冶7.艺术，科技8.直觉设计阶段；经验设计阶段；现代设计阶段9.法国，新艺术运动10.传统艺术，高新技术，传统与现代双轨并行（或：双规并行）11.亨利·德雷夫斯，《人体度量》12.功能性废止，款式性废止，质量性废止13.1853年乘客电梯的发明，1890年钢筋结构的完善14.生活方式，文化，情感二、名词解释：1.①完整的建筑物是视觉艺术的最终目的。
②建筑家、雕塑家、画家都应把目光转向应用艺术。
③艺术家与工艺技术人员没有根本上区别。
④将建筑、雕塑、绘画结合成三位一体。
2.非物质主义设计是以信息社会是一个“提供服务和非物质产品的社会”为前提，以“非物质”这个概念来表述未来设计发展的总趋势：即从物的设计转变为非物质的设计、从产品的设计转变为服务的设计、从占有产品转变为共享服务。
非物质主义不拘泥于特定的技术、材料，而是对人类生活和消费方式进行重新规划，在更高层次上理解产品和服务，突破传统设计的作用领域去研究“人与非物”的关系，力图以更少的资源消耗和物质产出保证生活质量，达到可持续发展的目的。
3.思维是人们头脑对自然界事物的本质属性琢其内在联系的间接的、概括的反映；而设计则是通过改变自然物的性质，形成为人所用的物品。
人借助于思维将自己的本质力量对象化，因此设计与思维在设计的过程中是一个完整的概念，"设计"是前提，限定了的思维的范畴，"思维"是手段，借助于各种表现形式，最终形成设计产品。
2018年浙江宁波大学汉语言文学方向考研真题
2018年浙江宁波大学汉语言文学方向考研真题050101 文艺学专业 050106中国现当代文学专业做以下各题一、名词解释（每小题5分，共30分）1．学衡派2．纯诗3．广场戏剧4．《故事新编》5．民族主义文学6．《缘缘堂随笔》二、简答题（每小题10分，共50分）1．略述路翎在现代心理小说探索方面的特色，并说明与胡风理论的关联。
2．简述朱自清的散文特点。
3．茅盾的小说《蚀》所反映的大革命时期青年知识分子的精神状况。
4．简评《呼兰河传》的文化内涵与文体特色。
5．简述田汉早期戏剧的基本主题与艺术特色。
三、论述题（每小题20分，共40分）1．请简要勾勒第一个十年新诗从《尝试集》到早期象征派的流变，并予以分析评价。
2．试论述中国现代文学与西方文艺思潮的关系。
四、作品分析题（ 30分）阅读张爱玲小说《金锁记》片段，分析以下问题：1．从文本出发分析以下小说片段所塑造出的主人公曹七巧的性格内涵。
2．傅雷、夏志清等学人曾高度评价《金锁记》所取得的艺术成就，试以《金锁记》为中心谈谈张爱玲小说在艺术形式上的独特性。
虽然他不向她哭穷，但凡谈到银钱交易，她总觉得有点危险，便岔了开去道：“三妹妹好么？腰子病近来发过没有？”季泽笑道：“我也有许久没见过她的面了。
”七巧道：“这是什么话？你们吵了嘴么？”季泽笑道：“这些时我们倒也没吵过嘴。
不得已在一起说两句话，也是难得的，也没那闲情逸致吵嘴。
”七巧道：“何至于这样？我就不相信！”季泽两肘撑在藤椅的扶手上，交叉着十指，手搭凉棚，影子落在眼睛上，深深地唉了一声。
七巧笑道：“没有别的，要不就是你在外头玩得太厉害了。
自己做错了事，还唉声叹气的仿佛谁害了你似的。
你们姜家就没有一个好人！”说着，举起白团扇，作势要打。
季泽把那交叉看的十指往下移了一移，两只大拇指按在嘴唇上，两只食指缓缓抚摸着鼻梁，露出一双水汪汪的眼睛来。
那眼珠却是水仙花缸底的黑石子，上面汪着水，下面冷冷的没有表情。
看不出他在想什么。
中国计量大学715综合课1(法学院)2018年考研初试真题
中国计量大学
2018年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题
考试科目名称:综合课1
考试科目代码:715
考生姓名:
考生编号:
一、名词解释（每小题5分，共40分）
1.市场准入
2.横向垄断协议
3.产品瑕疵
4.食品安全事故
5.政府采购
6.财产税
7.再贴现
8.标准必要专利
二、简答题（每小题10分，共50分）
1.简述经济法与民法的区别
2.简述《反不正当竞争法》（2017）修订内容
3.简述《产品质量法》中生产者的产品质量义务
4.简述税法中的程序法要素
5.简述我国中央银行的地位
三、论述题（每小题30分，共60分）
1.论述《标准化法》（2017）修订内容及其意义。
2.请运用市场规制法的理论与知识，对以下事例进行分析与评论。
（考生请注意：本题鼓励从多个角度展开评析。
）
《十九大报告》明确指出，“加快完善社会主义市场经济体制”，一个重要举措就是“深化商事制度改革，打破行政性垄断，防止市场垄断，加快要素价格市场化改革，放宽服务业准入限制，完善市场监管体制。
”
【完】。
宁波大学871高等代数2018年考研真题
2.设 ，计算 阶行列式
.
3.设 ，利用正交相似变换求 .
4.设 是 阶正定矩阵 , ，且 是非零列向量.令 ,求 的最大特征值以及 的属于这个特征值的特征子空间的维数和一个基.
5．用非退化线性替换将二次型
化为标准形，再进一步化为规范形（分实系数、复系数两种情形），并写出所作的非退化线性替换.
6.设三阶方阵 ，求 的初等因子及若当标准形.
二、证明题（每小题15分,共90分）
1.证明： ,当且仅当 .
2.设 为三次原根，证明： .
3.设向量 , ， .证明：向量组 线性无关的充要条件是向量组 线性无关.
4.设 阶实对称矩阵 的秩为 , 是 中元素 的代数余子式 .二次型 .设 证明：
（1）二次型 的矩阵为 .
（2）二次型 与 的规范形相同.
5.设 为任意两个 阶方阵.证明： 和 有相同的特征多项式.
6.设 是复数域上的 维空间 的一个线性变换,而 在基 下的矩阵是一个若当块.证明：
（1）包含 的不变子空间就是 自身.
（2）任一非零不变空间都包含 .
（3） 不能分解成两个非平凡的不变子空间的直和.
宁波大学621综合课12021年考研专业课初试大纲
2021年宁波大学硕士研究生招生考试初试科目考 试 大 纲科目名称:621综合课1一、考试形式与试卷结构（一）试卷满分及考试时间本试卷满分为150分，其中法理学75分、民法学75分；考试时间为180分钟。
（二）答题方式答题方式为闭卷、笔试。
试卷由试题和答题纸组成；答案必须写在答题纸（由考点提供）相应的位置上。
（三）试卷题型结构1.名词解释；2.简答题；3.论述题；4.案例分析题。
二、考查目标和考试范围（或考试内容概要）（一）法理学部分1．考试的目的和要求法理学是法学专业的核心课程，本课程考试的目的在于测试学生对法理学的基本概念、基本原理、基本方法的掌握程度，了解其是否具有运用这些知识分析有关问题的能力。
2．考试基本内容考试基本内容包括：法的本体论、法的历史论、法的运行论、法的价值论、中国法治建设、西方法理学等。
3．考试知识点（1）西方法理学的主要学派（2）法学方法论（3）法的要素（4）权利和义务（5）法律关系（6）法律部门与法律体系（7）法的移植与法的继承（8）法治的基本理论（9）法的作用（10）法的价值（11）立法的基本理论（12）司法的基本理论（13）执法的基本理论（14）守法与违法（15）法律责任（16）法律监督（17）法与社会（二）民法学部分1．考试目的和要求民事法学是法学专业的基础性课程，通过民事法学考试，了解考生对民事法学基本理论、基础知识、基本原理、基本法律的学习程度和深度，掌握考生运用民事法基本理论和知识分析民事法律问题的能力。
2．考试基本内容考试内容主要包括民法（含民事法基本理论、物权法、债法、合同法、人格权法）、知识产权法、民事法立法的最新动态和研究热点、焦点问题。
3．考试知识点民法掌握要点：（1）民法学概述（2）民事法律关系（3）民事主体—自然人、法人和其他组织（4）民事法律行为与代理（5）时效（6）人身权概述（7）人格权类型与保护（8）权利的行使（9）物权法总则—物权法概述与物权法原则（10）物权客体与物权效力（11）物权的变动（12）所有权制度（13）共有与建筑物区分所有（14）用益物权概述（15）各种用益物权（16）担保物权概述（17）抵押权（18）质权（19）留置（20）占有知识产权法掌握要点：（1）知识产权与知识产权法（2）著作权概述（3）著作权的主体、客体和内容（4）著作权的利用与限制（5）著作权的保护（6）专利权概述（7）专利权的客体（8）授予专利权条件（9）专利权的取得（10）专利权的内容与限制（11）专利许可证贸易（12）专利权的保护（13）商标与商标权概述（14）商标注册（15）注册商标的续展、转让、使用许可和商标管理（16）商标权的保护（17）反不正当竞争（18）其他知识产权三、各部分参考教材或主要参考书1.《法理学》（马克思主义理论研究与建设工程重点教材），人民出版社2012年版；2.《民法学》（马克思主义理论研究与建设工程重点教材），高等教育出版社2019年1月版；3.《知识产权法教程》（第六版），王迁著，中国人民大学出版社2019年版。
南京航空航天大学2018年《620基础英语》考研专业课真题试卷
: : : 620
A
: 150
I. Vocabulary (20 points) A. Choose the word or phrase marked A, B, C, and D to best correspond to the word above. Be sure to write down your choice on the answer sheet. (10 points) 1. oblivious a) subtle b) obvious c) unaware d) unknown 2. divergence a) connection b) difference c) depletion d) isolation 3. incongruous a) inappropriate b) unusual c) suitable d) consistent 4. resourceful a) thoughtful b) witty c) excited d) delighted 5. reproach a) movement nearer to a person or thing b) an act of thinking about something carefully c) a feeling of great sadness d) an act of blaming somebody 6. consolidate a) strengthen b) take care of c) encourage d) support 7. masculinity a) heroism b) a process of an action c) manliness d) frustration 8. pejorative a) full of praise b) existing widely c) humorous d) expressing disapproval 9. covet a) want b) protect c) hide d) consider 10. shrug off a) destroy b) laugh at c) dismiss d) remove 620 1 12
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宁波大学2018年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(B卷)
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)
第 1 页 共 3 页
科目代码： 621 总分值： 150 科目名称： 综合课1
《法理学》部分（共40分）
论述题（每题20分，共2题，计40分）
1.论述法律权利的意义及理论基础。
2.针对文学作品，法国学者罗兰·巴特在《作者之死》（1968年）中，有一个著名的论断即“文
本一旦诞生，作者即死亡”。请以此为基础，阐述为何需要法律解释。
《宪法学》部分（共40分）
一、简答题（每题5分，共4题，共20分）
1.简述社会主义宪法的主要特征。
2.简述我国选举制度的基本原则。
3.简述我国宗教信仰自由的原则。
4.简述我国国家机构组织和活动原则。
二、论述题（共1题，共10分）
结合宪法的规范和实践，谈谈你对宪法作用的认识。
三、案例分析题（共1题，共10分）
2015年10月，杭州市居民潘洪斌骑行的电动自行车被杭州交警依据《杭州市道路交通安全
管理条例》扣留。潘洪斌认为该条例在道路交通安全法的有关规定之外，增设了扣留非机动车并
托运回原籍的行政强制手段，违反了法律规定。因此，潘洪斌于2016年4月致信全国人大常委
会提出审查建议，建议对《杭州市道路交通安全管理条例》进行审查，请求撤销条例中违反行政
强制法设立的行政强制措施。
根据上述材料，结合宪法及相关法律知识，谈谈你对我国合法性审查的认识。