江西省萍乡市芦溪县2018-2019学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题(扫描版)
2018-2019学年第二上学期期末质量检测
八年级英语
参考答案：
一.听力（20分，每小题1分）
1-5. CBAAA 6-8. AAC 9--11. BCC 12-15. BBCA
16. Beijing 17. parents 18. the Great Wall 19. delicious 20. friendly
二．单选（10分，每小题1分）
21--25. AADAB 26--30. BACDC
三．完形填空（20分，每小题1分）
31--35. BADDB 36--40. BACAC
41. sad 42. why 43. really 44. put 45.flowers
46.house 47.in surprise 48.something 49. as if 50. got back
四．阅读理解（30分，每小题2分）
51--53. BAC 54--57. ADCD 58--61. BABC 62--65. CCDB
五．补全对话（5分，每小题1分）
66. When will you leave?
67. Have you ever been to France?
68. Is it far from your school?
69. Can you speak French?
70. Wish you have a good time.
注：(只要答案符合要求，合情合理，无论是文章内的或文章外的，无论是答上一点或两点，只要没有严
重的语法错误、语言通顺、完整，即可给分。)
六．书面表达（15分）
范文：
The visit to China
The Greens come from Australia. They came to China three months ago. They have been in Beijing since
they came to China. They have visited many places of interest,such as the Great Wall, the Palace Museum,the
Summer Palace and so on. But they have never been to Hangzhou. They want to visit the West Lake very much. This
week, they will go to Hangzhou by train. They will have a picnic,go boating and go fishing there. I hope they will have
a good time there.
2019秋江西省萍乡市八年级英语上册第一学期期末考试试题人教新目标版-名校版
江西省萍乡市2019-2020学年八年级英语上学期期末考试试题说明：1．本卷分为试题卷和答题卡．答案请写在答题卡上，不要在试卷上作答，否则不给分．2．本卷共有七大题，66小题，全卷满分100分，考试时间100分钟．一、听力测试（20分）A)请听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑．听完每段对话后，你都将有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话读两遍．（每小题1分）1. When did the English party begin?A. At 6:30.B. At 7:30.C. At 8:30.2. How does Eric like the summer camp?A. It's boring.B. It's great.C. It's tiring.3．What is it today?A. Friday, 16th.B. Saturday, 16th.C. Saturday, 18th.4. Where does Tony have to go tomorrow?A. To the countryside.B. To a park.C. To the library.5. How much is the sweater now?A．150． B．100． C．50．B)请听下面的材料．每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑．听完每段对话后，你都将有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话读两遍．（每小题1.5分）请听第一段材料，回答第6至第7小题．6. What does Alice think of East Cinema?A. It's the most expensive.B. It's the biggest.C. It is the best.7. Why does Alice like South Cinema?A. Because it has the most comfortable seats.B. Because it has the friendliest service.C. Because it has the most expensive food.请听第二段材料，回答第8至第9小题．8. What does Tom want to be?A. A waiter.B. A soccer player.C. A soccer fan.9. Why does Tom need money?A. He will play for the school soccer team.B. He will have soccer training.C. He will buy a ticket for a soccer match.诸听第三段材料，回答第10至12小题．10. How many students often watch TV to relax?A. Twenty.B. SixC. Fourteen.11. Why do some students like playing computer games?A. Because it's happy.B. Because it's relaxing.C. Because it's healthy.12. How often do some students take exercise?A. Twice a week.B. Once a week. C．Every day.请听第四段材料，回答第13至15小题.13. Who is having a music party this Sunday?A. Lucy.B. Sally. C．David.14, What is Linda doing this Sunday?A. She has to prepare an English exam.B. She has to look after the baby sister.C. She has to practice soccer.15. Why can't I go to the party?A. I'm taking a school trip.B. I'm seeing the doctor.C. I'm looking after my grandma.二、选择填空请阅读下面各小题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑．（每小题1分）16．Hello，boys and girls! I have important to tell you．A. nothingB. somethingC. everything D．anything17. --- Is Rick here?--- No, he for Beijing three days ago.A. leftB. leavesC. leavingD. leave18. --- Do you like watching English movies?--- No. I watch them because they are too difficult for me.A. alwaysB. oftenC. usually D．hardly19. --- What did the doctor say?--- He told me that eating vegetables and meat is good for my health.A. more; lessB. fewer; lessC. more; moreD. more fewer20. John had to ____ the invitation because he was really busy with exams.A. turn onB. turn offC. turn downD. turn up21. He can help with much housework he is a young child.A. becauseB. thoughC. untilD. so22. There a soccer game in our school tomorrow afternoon.A. wasB. hasC. will beD. will have23. The is usually over 30 most of the days in July in Pingxiang.A. priceB. heightC. weatherD. temperature三、用所给词的适当形式填空，并将其填到答题卷的相应位置.（7分）24. My brother's drawing is more popular than (I).25. He is sure he can play the piano (well) than I do.26. Tim was the (slow) runner in our basketball team.27. Sally is quite tall, and you can find her (quick) in the crowd.28. The teenagers planned (listen) to the concert.29. The pilots enjoyed (tell) jokes very much yesterday.30. There will be more (pollute) if we don't save the environment.四、句型转换，并将答案填到答题卷的相应位置．（5分）31. How do you like our talent show?（改为同义句）What do you our talent show?32. Alice is more careful than any other student in the club.(改为同义句)Alice is the student in the club.33. They make the turkey sandwich once a month．（对划线部分提问）do they make the turkey sandwich?34．The boy went shopping last Sunday．（改为一般疑问句）the boy shopping last Sunday?35. He will prepare for the history exam in three days．（改为否定句）He for the history exam in three days.五、完形填空（15分）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑．（每小题1分）It was nearly dark. The sun was dropping down the mountains far away. Peter came hack home. He looked very 36 ．“What's the matter, Peter? 37 is your trip?” His mother asked with a smile.“I 38 .The mountain is so 39 and full of big or small stones(石头)on the way, Istill go ahead. But I was tired and it was so 40 that I had to come back.” Peter cried.“It doesn't matter, Peter. You are only fourteen years old after all. You will have 41 chance(机会)．”His mother said.“But 42 at the top of the mountain is my dream!” Peter said.Peter's father came over and asked him, “Did you see the green trees _43 your way to the mounta in?”“Sure, and there were a lot of beautiful flowers on both 44 o f the road.” Peter answered.“Did you _45 the birds sin ging?” His father asked.“There were many kinds of birds singing in the trees， 46 the s ound was very sweet.”Peter said.“Did you feel the beauty of _47 ?”His father asked.“Yes, the blue sky, the white clouds, the green trees and the colorful flowers made an excellent 48 .”Peter answered.“That's enough!”His father smiled and said. “Please remem ber, my son, For often, getting what you want is not the most important thing. Although you didn't get to the top of the mountain, you 49_ a lot on the way.”It is _50 that not every job will end up with a success, and not every dream will come true. The most beautiful scenery(风景)is on the way.36. A. happy B. excited C. sad D. angry37. A. What B. How C. When D. Where38. A. failed B. succeeded C. understood D. knew39. A. high B. small C. low D. short40. A. early B. late C. quick D. slow41. A. another B. other C. one D. no42. A. falling B. rising C. lying D. standing43. A．for B．in C．on D．to44. A. sides B. fronts C. tops D. ends45. A. see B. hear C. smell D. feel46. A. so B. or C. and D. but47. A. water B. plants C. animals D. nature48. A. dinner B. dream C. picture D. game49. A. missed B. got C. lost D. solved50. A. important B. terrible C. necessary D. careless六、阅读理解(30分）A)请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
(人教新目标Goforit))2019～2020学年下学期八年级期末教学质量检测英语试卷(含答案)
（人教新目标Go for it）2018～2019学年下学期八年级期末教学质量检测英语（含答案）考生注意:1.本卷共四个部分,全卷满分120分,考试时间为120分钟。
2.请将各题答案填在答题卡上。
第一部分听力(共四节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试题卷的相应位置,听力测试结束后,请将试题卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题,每小题 1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5个句子,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出与所听句子内容相关的图画。
听完每个句子后,你将有5秒钟的作答时间。
每个句子听两遍。
第二节(共5小题;每小题 1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5个句子,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出与所听句子内容相符的正确答语。
听完每个句子后,你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每个句子听两遍。
( )6. A. A month ago. B. Every day. C. For three weeks( )7. A Do my homework. B. A teacher. C. Run in the evening.( )8.A. She is more outgoing. B It's Sunday. C. It's sunny.( )9. A. Three kilos. B. Fifteen yuan. C.5 meters.( )10. A. Yes. I will B. Yes, I did. C. Yes, I have.第三节(共5小题;每小题 1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段话听两遍。
（）11. How often does the man watch the sports show?A. Once a week.B.Twice a week.C. Every night( )12. How many bananas do they need?A. OneB.Two.C.Three.( )13. What is Tom doing now?A.Cleaning his bedroom.B. Doing his homeworkC. Sweeping the floor.（）14. What's Jack's problem?A. He can't study English well.B. He doesn't have enough free time to play the guitar.C. He doesn't have enough free time to play with his good friends.（）15. What does the boy think of Little Women?A. BoringB. Interesting.C. Fantastic.第四节(共5小题;每小题 1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面2段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
2018-2019学年江西省萍乡市八年级(下)期末数学试卷
2018-2019学年江西省萍乡市八年级（下）期末数学试卷一、选择题（本大题共10个小题，每小题3分，共30分，每小题只有一个正确答案）1．（3分）下列式子是分式的是（）A．B．C．D．2．（3分）用反证法证明“在△ABC中，AB＝AC，则∠B是锐角”，应先假设（）A．在△ABC中，∠B一定是直角B．在△ABC中，∠B是直角或钝角C．在△ABC中，∠B是钝角D．在△ABC中，∠B可能是锐角3．（3分）若a＜b，则下列结论不一定成立的是（）A．a﹣1＜b﹣1B．2a＜2b C．﹣＞﹣D．a2＜b24．（3分）如图是小军设计的一面彩旗，其中∠ACB＝90°，∠D＝15°，点A在CD上，AD＝AB＝4m，则AC的长为（）A．2m B．2m C．4m D．8m5．（3分）下列各式因式分解正确的是（）A．2x2﹣8y2＝2（x+2y）（x﹣2y）B．x2+3xy+9y2＝（x+3y）2C．2x2﹣4xy+9y2＝（2x﹣3y）2D．x（x﹣y）+y（y﹣x）＝（x﹣y）（x+y）6．（3分）若关于x的一元一次不等式组有解，则m的取值范围为（）A．B．m≤C．D．m≤7．（3分）如图，▱ABCD中，AB＝4，BC＝6，AC的垂直平分线交AD于点E，则△CDE的周长是（）A．6B．8C．10D．128．（3分）某种商品的进价为800元，出售标价为1200元，后来由于该商品积压，商店准备打折销售，要保证利润率不低于5%，该种商品最多可打（）A．9折B．8折C．7折D．6折9．（3分）若关于x的分式方程的解为非负数，则a的取值范围是（）A．a≥1B．a＞1C．a≥1且a≠4D．a＞1且a≠410．（3分）如图，△AOB为等腰三角形，顶点A的坐标（2，），底边OB在x轴上．将△AOB绕点B按顺时针方向旋转一定角度后得△A′O′B，点A的对应点A′在x轴上，则点O′的坐标为（）A．（，）B．（，）C．（，）D．（，4）二、填空题（本大题共8个小题，每小题3分，共24分，请把答案填在答题卡上.）11．（3分）因式分解：2x2﹣8＝．12．（3分）把点（﹣2，1）向上平移2个单位长度，再向右平移3个单位长度得到点B，则点B的标坐是．13．（3分）如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠A＝90°，∠ABC的平分线BD交AC于点D，AD＝3，BC＝10，则△BDC的面积是．14．（3分）若关于x的方程无解，则m＝．15．（3分）如图，过正五边形ABCDE的顶点D作直线l∥AB，则∠1的度数是．16．（3分）如图，直线y＝kx+b经过点A（m，﹣2）和点B（﹣2，0），直线y＝2x经过点A，则不等式组2x＜kx+b ＜0的解集是．17．（3分）如图所示，在▱ABCD中，∠C＝40°，过点D作AD的垂线，交AB于点E，交CB的延长线于点F，则∠BEF的度数为．18．（3分）加图，△ABC中，E是BC的中点，AD平分∠BAC，BD⊥AD于点D，若AB＝4，AC＝6，则DE的长度为．三、（本大题共3个题，第19题8分，第20，21题各5分，共18分．）“19．（8分）（1）计算：．（2）解方程：．20．（5分）解不等式组，并把解集在数轴上表示出来．21．（5分）如图，△ABC三个顶点的坐标分别为A（1，1），B（4，2），C（3，4）．（1）请画出△ABC向左平移5个单位后得到的△A1B1C1；（2）请画出△ABC以点O为对称中心的中心对称图形△A2B2C2；（3）在x轴上求作一点P，使△P AB的周长最小，请画出△P AB，并直接写出点P的坐标．四、（本大题共2个小题，每小题5分，共10分）22．（5分）如图，在四边形ABCD中，AD∥BC，E为CD的中点，连接AE、BE，BE⊥AE，延长AE交BC的延长线于点F．求证：（1）FC＝AD；（2）AB＝BC+AD．23．（5分）某公司计划购买A，B两种型号的机器人搬运材料．已知A型机器人比B型机器人每小时多搬运30kg 材料，且A型机器人搬运1000kg材料所用的时间与B型机器人搬运800kg材料所用的时间相同．（1）求A，B两种型号的机器人每小时分别搬运多少材料；（2）该公司计划采购A，B两种型号的机器人共20台，要求每小时搬运材料不得少于2800kg，则至少购进A 型机器人多少台？五、（本大题共2小题，第24题5分，第25题6分，共11分）24．（5分）已知：如图，在▱ABCD中，DE、BF分别是∠ADC和∠ABC的角平分线，交AB、CD于点E、F，连接BD、EF．（1）求证：BD、EF互相平分；（2）若∠A＝60°，AE＝2EB，AD＝4，求四边形DEBF的周长和面积．25．（6分）如图所示，l1，l2分别表示使用一种白炽灯和一种节能灯的费用y（费用＝灯的售价+电费，单位：元）与照明时间x（小时）的函数图象，假设两种灯的使用寿命都是2000小时，照明效果一样．（1）根据图象分别求出l1、l2的函数关系式；（2）小军认为节能灯一定比白炽灯省钱，你认为呢？六、（本大题共1个小题，共7分）26．（7分）如图，点O是等边△ABC内一点，∠AOB＝110°，∠BOC＝α，将CO绕点C顺时针方向旋转60°得到CD，连接AD，OD．（1）当α＝150°时，判断△AOD的形状，并说明理由；（2）求∠DAO的度数；（3）请你探究：当α为多少度时，△AOD是等腰三角形？2018-2019学年江西省萍乡市八年级（下）期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（本大题共10个小题，每小题3分，共30分，每小题只有一个正确答案）1．【解答】解：A、不是分式，故本选项不符合题意；B、是分式，故本选项符合题意；C、不是分式，故本选项不符合题意；D、不是分式，故本选项不符合题意；故选：B．2．【解答】解：用反证法证明命题：“△ABC中，若AB＝AC，则∠B是锐角”，首先应假设∠B是直角或钝角，故选：B．3．【解答】解：A、在不等式a＜b的两边同时减去1，不等式仍成立，即a﹣1＜b﹣1，故本选项错误；B、在不等式a＜b的两边同时乘以2，不等式仍成立，即2a＜2b，故本选项错误；C、在不等式a＜b的两边同时乘以﹣，不等号的方向改变，即﹣＞﹣，故本选项错误；D、当a＝﹣5，b＝1时，不等式a2＜b2不成立，故本选项正确；故选：D．4．【解答】解：∵∠D＝15°，AD＝AB＝4m，∴∠ABD＝∠D＝15°，∴∠CAB＝30°，∴BC＝AB＝2m，在Rt△ABC中，AC＝＝＝2（m）．故选：B．5．【解答】解：A、原式＝2（x2﹣4y2）＝2（x+2y）（x﹣2y），符合题意；B、原式不能分解，不符合题意；C、原式不能分解，不符合题意；D、原式＝（x﹣y）2，不符合题意，故选：A．6．【解答】解：，解不等式①得，x＜2m，解不等式②得，x＞2﹣m，∵不等式组有解，∴2m＞2﹣m，∴m＞．故选：C．7．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴DC＝AB＝4，AD＝BC＝6，∵AC的垂直平分线交AD于点E，∴AE＝CE，∴△CDE的周长＝DE+CE+DC＝DE+AE+DC＝AD+DC＝6+4＝10；故选：C．8．【解答】解：设商品打x折，由题意得，1200×0.1x﹣800≥800×5%，解得：x≥7．即商品最多打7折．故选：C．9．【解答】解：去分母得：2（2x﹣a）＝x﹣2，解得：x＝，由题意得：≥0且≠2，解得：a≥1且a≠4，故选：C．10．【解答】解：如图，过点A作AC⊥OB于C，过点O′作O′D⊥A′B于D，∵A（2，），∴OC＝2，AC＝，由勾股定理得，OA＝＝＝3，∵△AOB为等腰三角形，OB是底边，∴OB＝2OC＝2×2＝4，由旋转的性质得，BO′＝OB＝4，∠A′BO′＝∠ABO，∴O′D＝4×＝，BD＝4×＝，∴OD＝OB+BD＝4+＝，∴点O′的坐标为（，）．故选：C．二、填空题（本大题共8个小题，每小题3分，共24分，请把答案填在答题卡上.）11．【解答】解：2x2﹣8＝2（x+2）（x﹣2）．12．【解答】解：点（﹣2，1）向上平移2个单位长度，纵坐标变为1+2＝3，向右平移3个单位长度横坐标变为﹣2+3＝1，所以，点B的坐标为（1，3）．故答案为：（1，3）．13．【解答】解：过D作DE⊥BC于E，∵∠A＝90°，∴DA⊥AB，∵BD平分∠ABC，∴AD＝DE＝3，∴△BDC的面积是×DE×BC＝×10×3＝15，故答案为：15．14．【解答】解：分式方程去分母得：2（x﹣1）＝﹣m，将x＝5代入得：m＝﹣8．故答案为：﹣815．【解答】解：延长DC、AB交于O，∵五边形ABCDE是正五边形，∴∠DCB＝∠ABC＝×（5﹣2）×180°＝108°，∴∠OCB＝∠OBC＝180°﹣108°＝72°，∴∠O＝180°﹣72°﹣72°＝36°，∵直线l∥AB，∴∠1＝∠O＝36°，故答案为：36°．16．【解答】解：∵直线y＝2x经过点A（m，﹣2），∴﹣2＝2m，解得m＝﹣1，∴A（﹣1，﹣2），∵直线y＝kx+b经过点A（m，﹣2）和点B（﹣2，0），∴不等式组2x＜kx+b＜0的解集为﹣2＜x＜﹣1．故答案为﹣2＜x＜﹣1．17．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴DC∥AB，∴∠C＝∠ABF．又∵∠C＝40°，∴∠ABF＝40°．∵EF⊥BF，∴∠F＝90°，∴∠BEF＝90°﹣40°＝50°．故答案是：50°．18．【解答】解：延长BD交AC于H，在△ADB和△ADH中，，∴△ADB≌△ADH（ASA）∴AH＝AB＝4，BD＝DH，∴HC＝AC﹣AH＝2，∵BD＝DH，BE＝EC，∴DE＝HC＝1，故答案为：1．三、（本大题共3个题，第19题8分，第20，21题各5分，共18分．）“19．【解答】解：（1）原式＝•﹣＝﹣＝；（2）去分母得：x2﹣1﹣x2+x＝2x+3，解得：x＝﹣4，经检验x＝﹣4是分式方程的解．20．【解答】解：，解①得x≤2，解②得x＞﹣1．不等式组的解集是：﹣1＜x≤2．21．【解答】解：（1）如图所示，△A1B1C1即为所求；（2）如图所示，△A2B2C2即为所求；（3）如图所示，△P AB即为所求，点P的坐标为（2，0）．四、（本大题共2个小题，每小题5分，共10分）22．【解答】证明：（1）∵AD∥BC（已知），∴∠ADC＝∠ECF（两直线平行，内错角相等），∵E是CD的中点（已知），∴DE＝EC（中点的定义）．∵在△ADE与△FCE中，，∴△ADE≌△FCE（ASA），∴FC＝AD（全等三角形的性质）．（2）∵△ADE≌△FCE，∴AE＝EF，AD＝CF（全等三角形的对应边相等），∴BE是线段AF的垂直平分线，∴AB＝BF＝BC+CF，∵AD＝CF（已证），∴AB＝BC+AD（等量代换）．23．【解答】解：（1）设B型机器人每小时搬运x千克材料，则A型机器人每小时搬运（x+30）千克材料，根据题意，得＝，解得x＝120．经检验，x＝120是所列方程的解．当x＝120时，x+30＝150．答：A型机器人每小时搬运150千克材料，B型机器人每小时搬运120千克材料；（2）设购进A型机器人a台，则购进B型机器人（20﹣a）台，根据题意，得150a+120（20﹣a）≥2800，解得a≥．∵a是整数，∴a≥14．答：至少购进A型机器人14台．五、（本大题共2小题，第24题5分，第25题6分，共11分）24．【解答】（1）证明：∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴CD∥AB，CD＝AB，AD＝BC，∵DE、BF分别是∠ADC和∠ABC的角平分线，∴∠ADE＝∠CDE，∠CBF＝∠ABF，∵CD∥AB，∴∠AED＝∠CDE，∠CFB＝∠ABF，∴∠AED＝∠ADE，∠CFB＝∠CBF，∴AE＝AD，CF＝CB，∴AE＝CF，∴AB﹣AE＝CD﹣CF即BE＝DF，∵DF∥BE，∴四边形DEBF是平行四边形．∴BD、EF互相平分；（2）∵∠A＝60°，AE＝AD，∴△ADE是等边三角形，∵AD＝4，∴DE＝AE＝4，∵AE＝2EB，∴BE＝2，∴四边形DEBF的周长＝2（BE+DE）＝2（4+2）＝12，过D点作DG⊥AB于点G，在Rt△ADG中，AD＝4，∠A＝60°，∴DG＝AD cos∠A＝4×＝2，∴四边形DEBF的面积＝BE×DG＝2×2＝4．25．【解答】解：（1）设l1的函数解析式为y＝mx+n，，得，即l1的函数解析式为y＝；设l2的函数解析式为y＝kx+b，，得，即l2的函数解析式为y＝；（2）小军认为节能灯一定比白炽灯省钱是不对的，理由：令，得x＝1000，由图象可知，当x＜1000时，白炽灯省钱，当x＝1000时，两种等费用一样，当x＞2000时，节能灯省钱．六、（本大题共1个小题，共7分）26．【解答】解：（1）当α＝150°，即∠BOC＝150°时，△AOD是直角三角形．理由如下：由旋转的性质得：OC＝CD，∠DCO＝60°，∴△COD是等边三角形，∴∠CDO＝60°，∵△ABC是等边三角形，∴AC＝BC，∠ACB＝60°，∴∠ACD＝∠BCO，∴△BOC≌△ADC（SAS），∴∠ADC＝∠BOC＝150°，∴∠ADO＝90°，即△AOD是直角三角形；（2）∵△COD是等边三角形，∴∠COD＝60°，∵∠AOB＝110°，∠BOC＝α，∴∠AOD＝360°﹣110°﹣60°﹣α＝190°﹣α，由（1）知：△ADC≌△BOC，∴∠ADC＝∠BOC＝α，∴∠ADO＝α﹣60°，△ADO中，∠DAO＝180°﹣∠ADO﹣∠AOD＝180°﹣（α﹣60°）﹣（190°﹣α）＝50°；（3）分三种情况：①AO＝AD时，∠AOD＝∠ADO．∵∠AOD＝360°﹣∠AOB﹣∠COD﹣α＝360°﹣110°﹣60°﹣α＝190°﹣α，∠ADO＝α﹣60°，∴190°﹣α＝α﹣60°∴α＝125°；②OA＝OD时，∠OAD＝∠ADO．∵∠AOD＝190°﹣α，∠ADO＝α﹣60°，∴∠OAD＝180°﹣（∠AOD+∠ADO）＝50°，∴α﹣60°＝50°∴α＝110°；③OD＝AD时，∠OAD＝∠AOD．∵190°﹣α＝50°∴α＝140°．综上所述：当α的度数为125°或110°或140°时，△AOD是等腰三角形．。
2018--2019学年度第一学期八年级英语期末试卷 及答案
2018---2019学年第一学期期末教学质量监测八年级英语试卷及答案二、笔试部分（100分）Ⅰ.根据句义及首字母提示完成单词.（5分）1.He gets up early every day.He h________ ever goes to school late.2.Smoking is bad for our h____________.3.--How many m_______ are there in an hour.--Sixty.4.My sister is very d___________ from me.5.Don't w________ about your daughter.She only has a cold.Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空。
（5分）1.H e is a kind and ___________(love) man.2.He saw some ______________(visit) on the Great Wall.3.The math exam is ___________(easy)than I thought.4.Tina _________(meet) a famous actor when she was in the street.5.My mother wants me _____________(drink) some milk every day.Ⅲ.选择正确答案。
（15分）( )1.When you finish ______your homework, you can play football.A. doingB. doC. to doD. done( )2.--- How long does it ______ you to walk to the cinema?"--- “ Twenty minutes."A. useB. spendC. takeD.takes( )3.---What's the matter ________ Judy?---She has a cold.A.inB.withC.atD.on( )4.I'm sorry I can't play soccer with you this weekend.I have _______ homework to do.A.too manyB.much tooC.too muchD.many too( )5.Is there ______in today’s newspaper?A.something interestingB.anything interestingC.interesting anythingD.nothing interesting( )6.My mother often ________to go to school.A.by busB.take busC.takes the busD.in a bus( )7.It's time to go to school.You must stop________ computer games.A.to playB.playC.playedD.playing ( )8.We are never too old __________English.A. learningB. to learnC. learnD. learned ( )9.This store is ________popular store in our town.A. moreB. mostC. the moreD. the most( )10.----Can you come to my birthday party?----__________.A. Yes, I'd love.B. Sure, I'd love.C. Sure , I'd love to .D. sure, I'd like( )11.I had ________this morning.A.three breadB. three breadsC.three slice of breadD. three slices of bread( )12.I __________ an artist when I grow up.A.amB.is going to beC.am going to beD. was( )13. It's _____from my home to school.A. ten minutes’walkB. ten minutes walkC. ten—minutes walkD. walk ten minute( )14.You need four bananas and _____________.A. cut up themB. cut them upC. cut in piecesD. cut it up( )15.---I have a headache. I can’t sleep. ---____________________ A. You are bad. B. I’m sorry to hear that.C. Why do you say that ?D. Thank you.Ⅳ.情景交际(15分）（A)完成对话，从方框内选择最佳答案，并把字母序号写在对话后面的横线上。
2018-2019学年度（上）八年级英语期末试题（含答案）
2018—2019学年度（上）期末检测八年级英语试题温馨提示：1．本试卷共12页，满分为120分。
考试时间120分钟。
2．答卷前务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座位号填写在本试卷相应位置上。
听力部分（20分）一、听对话，选答案。
（每小题1分，共15分）第一节听下面10段对话，每段对话后面有一个问题，对话读两遍，请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的选项中选出最恰当的一项。
( )1. A. Once a week. B. Every day. C. Never.( )2. A. In English. B. In Australia. C. In the USA.( )3. A. A new camera. B. Some photos. C. A computer.( )4. A. He has a stomachache. B. He has a toothache. C. He likes eating.( )5. A. She’s outgoing. B. She’s cute. C. She’s quiet.B. To the post office.C. To the cinema.( )6. A. To the People’s Hospital.( )7. A. The film is wonderful. B. The film is not interesting.C. She missed the film.( )8. A. He played soccer. B. He stayed at home. C. He went swimming.( )9. A. On next Friday. B. On next Saturday. C. On next Sunday.( )10. A. Peter. B. John. C. Jane.第二节：听下面两段对话，每段对话后有几道小题，请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的三个选项中选出最恰当的一项。
2019秋江西省萍乡市八年级英语上册第一学期期末考试试题人教新目标版-名师版
江西省萍乡市2019-2020学年八年级英语上学期期末考试试题说明：1．本卷分为试题卷和答题卡．答案请写在答题卡上，不要在试卷上作答，否则不给分．2．本卷共有七大题，66小题，全卷满分100分，考试时间100分钟．一、听力测试（20分）A)请听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑．听完每段对话后，你都将有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话读两遍．（每小题1分）1. When did the English party begin?A. At 6:30.B. At 7:30.C. At 8:30.2. How does Eric like the summer camp?A. It's boring.B. It's great.C. It's tiring.3．What is it today?A. Friday, 16th.B. Saturday, 16th.C. Saturday, 18th.4. Where does Tony have to go tomorrow?A. To the countryside.B. To a park.C. To the library.5. How much is the sweater now?A．150． B．100． C．50．B)请听下面的材料．每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑．听完每段对话后，你都将有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话读两遍．（每小题1.5分）请听第一段材料，回答第6至第7小题．6. What does Alice think of East Cinema?A. It's the most expensive.B. It's the biggest.C. It is the best.7. Why does Alice like South Cinema?A. Because it has the most comfortable seats.B. Because it has the friendliest service.C. Because it has the most expensive food.请听第二段材料，回答第8至第9小题．8. What does Tom want to be?A. A waiter.B. A soccer player.C. A soccer fan.9. Why does Tom need money?A. He will play for the school soccer team.B. He will have soccer training.C. He will buy a ticket for a soccer match.诸听第三段材料，回答第10至12小题．10. How many students often watch TV to relax?A. Twenty.B. SixC. Fourteen.11. Why do some students like playing computer games?A. Because it's happy.B. Because it's relaxing.C. Because it's healthy.12. How often do some students take exercise?A. Twice a week.B. Once a week. C．Every day.请听第四段材料，回答第13至15小题.13. Who is having a music party this Sunday?A. Lucy.B. Sally. C．David.14, What is Linda doing this Sunday?A. She has to prepare an English exam.B. She has to look after the baby sister.C. She has to practice soccer.15. Why can't I go to the party?A. I'm taking a school trip.B. I'm seeing the doctor.C. I'm looking after my grandma.二、选择填空请阅读下面各小题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑．（每小题1分）16．Hello，boys and girls! I have important to tell you．A. nothingB. somethingC. everything D．anything17. --- Is Rick here?--- No, he for Beijing three days ago.A. leftB. leavesC. leavingD. leave18. --- Do you like watching English movies?--- No. I watch them because they are too difficult for me.A. alwaysB. oftenC. usually D．hardly19. --- What did the doctor say?--- He told me that eating vegetables and meat is good for my health.A. more; lessB. fewer; lessC. more; moreD. more fewer20. John had to ____ the invitation because he was really busy with exams.A. turn onB. turn offC. turn downD. turn up21. He can help with much housework he is a young child.A. becauseB. thoughC. untilD. so22. There a soccer game in our school tomorrow afternoon.A. wasB. hasC. will beD. will have23. The is usually over 30 most of the days in July in Pingxiang.A. priceB. heightC. weatherD. temperature三、用所给词的适当形式填空，并将其填到答题卷的相应位置.（7分）24. My brother's drawing is more popular than (I).25. He is sure he can play the piano (well) than I do.26. Tim was the (slow) runner in our basketball team.27. Sally is quite tall, and you can find her (quick) in the crowd.28. The teenagers planned (listen) to the concert.29. The pilots enjoyed (tell) jokes very much yesterday.30. There will be more (pollute) if we don't save the environment.四、句型转换，并将答案填到答题卷的相应位置．（5分）31. How do you like our talent show?（改为同义句）What do you our talent show?32. Alice is more careful than any other student in the club.(改为同义句)Alice is the student in the club.33. They make the turkey sandwich once a month．（对划线部分提问）do they make the turkey sandwich?34．The boy went shopping last Sunday．（改为一般疑问句）the boy shopping last Sunday?35. He will prepare for the history exam in three days．（改为否定句）He for the history exam in three days.五、完形填空（15分）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑．（每小题1分）It was nearly dark. The sun was dropping down the mountains far away. Peter came hack home. He looked very 36 ．“What's the matter, Peter? 37 is your trip?” His mother asked with a smile.“I 38 .The mountain is so 39 and full of big or small stones(石头)on the way, I still go ahead. But I was tired and it was so 40 that I had to come back.” Peter cried.“It doesn't matter, Peter. You are only fourteen years old after all. You will have41 chance(机会)．”His mother said.“But 42 at the top of the mountain is my dream!” Peter said.Peter's father came over and asked him, “Did you see the green trees _43 your way to the mounta in?”“Sure, and there were a lot of beautiful flowers on both 44 o f the road.” Peter answered.“Did you _45 the birds sin ging?” His father asked.“There were many kinds of birds singing in the trees， 46 the s ound was very sweet.”Peter said.“Did you feel the beauty of _47 ?”His father asked.“Yes, the blue sky, the white clouds, the green trees and the colorful flowers made an excellent 48 .”Peter answered.“That's enough!”His father smiled and said. “Please remem ber, my son, For often, getting what you want is not the most important thing. Although you didn't get to the top of the mountain, you 49_ a lot on the way.”It is _50 that not every job will end up with a success, and not every dream will come true. The most beautiful scenery(风景)is on the way.36. A. happy B. excited C. sad D. angry37. A. What B. How C. When D. Where38. A. failed B. succeeded C. understood D. knew39. A. high B. small C. low D. short40. A. early B. late C. quick D. slow41. A. another B. other C. one D. no42. A. falling B. rising C. lying D. standing43. A．for B．in C．on D．to44. A. sides B. fronts C. tops D. ends45. A. see B. hear C. smell D. feel46. A. so B. or C. and D. but47. A. water B. plants C. animals D. nature48. A. dinner B. dream C. picture D. game49. A. missed B. got C. lost D. solved50. A. important B. terrible C. necessary D. careless六、阅读理解(30分）A)请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
江西省萍乡市2019年八年级上学期英语期末学业水平测试试题(模拟卷一)
江西省萍乡市2019年八年级上学期英语期末学业水平测试试题(模拟卷一)一、选择题1．Why don't you he!p your little daughter?-Because I think she is_________to dress herself.A.young enoughB.old enoughC.enough youngD.enough old2．Mr. Bean enjoys __________ jokes and often makes us__________.A.to tell；to laughB.telling；laughC.tells；laughD.telling；laughing 3．—What does he want to ________ when he ________ up?—He wants to be a doctor.A．do，grow B．do，grows C．be，grow D．be，grows4．—_________is he going to be a football player?—He’s going to practice football every day.A．Why B．WhatC．How D．When5．____be a doctor, you have to study for five years in college.A．So as to B．In order to C．So that D．Such that6．______some water ______ the soup.A．Add；to B．Add；upC．add；to D．Add；up to7．I have to study ________ my math test ________ Friday afternoon.A．at；on B．on；for C．for；in D．for；on8．Do you like ______？A．planting planting B．plants plantingC．planting plants D．plant plant9．When I got the good news, I couldn’t wait to __________ it with my family.A.startB.shareC.makeD.tell10．Of all the subjects，math seems to be ________ for me.A.difficultB.more difficultC.the most difficultD.too difficult11．（题文）Please ________ a parents' meeting. I want to talk about students' safety(安全)．A．leave B．come C．invite D．organize12．He arrived late for school because there were _____________ cars on the street. A．too much B．too many C．much too D．many too13．We were wet and cold ________________ we didn’t bring an umbre lla.A．because B．because of C．so D．or14．—Would you like to come to dinner this Sunday,Xiaoming?—A.I’d love to,but I have lots of things to do.B.Oh,no.That will be too tired.C.I’ll stay at home.D.Yes,please.15．--- Your scarf is beautiful. Can you show ____________? --- Yes, of course. A．me it B．it me C．me to it D．it to me二、单词填空16．（题文）根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
(4份试卷汇总)2019-2020学年江西省萍乡市英语八年级(上)期末联考模拟试题
八年级上学期英语期末模拟试卷注意事项：1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、选择题1．—My favorite writer is Mark Twin.—Really? ________ do you know about his works?A．How often B．How many C．How long D．How much2．There _____ a football match on TV this evening.A.will haveB.is going to beC.hasD.is going to have3．—______ you_____ free tomorrow?—No. I______ free the day after tomorrow.A．Are; going to; will B．Are; going to be; willC．Are; going to; will be D．Are; going to be; will be4．There is _________ with my eyes. I can't see clearly.A．something wrong B．wrong something C．nothing wrong D．wrong nothing5．—_________do you think___________the weather today?—It’s very cold.A.What; ofB.How; ofC.What; likeD.How; about6．（题文）Bill is only a ____ boy, but he can speak Chinese very well.A．5-year-old B．5-years-old C．5 year old D．5 year olds7．（题文）-How many hours does your grandpa play chess every day?-______________.A．Once a day B．One C．First D．Once8．Only fifteen percent of the students __________ in the classroom ten minutes ago.A.areB.wasC.wereD.is9．— ________ do you usually watch TV?— Twice a week.A.How soonB.How oftenC.How longD.How many10．If you fight hard, know who you are, and are proud of who you are, you’ve got a of winning.A．choice B．chance C．decision D．direction11．— Is your friend British or American?— ________. She is Canadian.A.BothB.EitherC.NeitherD.None12．If it is sunny tomorrow, we ________ fishing.A．will go B．go C．are going to D．went13．The box is _______ heavy for the boy _______ lift.A.too; toB.to; tooC.much, to14．More and more people can _________100 years old in the future.A．live B．live to be C．living to be D．live to15．—________ are you going to be an actor?—I’m going to take acting lessons.A．What B．Why C．How D．When16．─The new movie was so __________. ─Yes. I felt __________ with i t.A.boring；boringB.bored；boredC.boring；boredD.bored；boring17．-David,why are you so happy?-My father makes a ____________ that he will take me to Sanya next month.A.faceB.promiseC.mistakeD.team18．—Who taught you Japanese?—Nobody. I learnt it by ______.A．myself B．my C．me D．mine19．Many plants die ______ the bad weather.A．but B．because C．because of D．and20．There _______ more visitors in Dongying this year because the City Landscaping Exposition of Shandong Province(山东省城市园林绿化博览会) was held here on September 1st.A.wereB.areC.will beD.is going to have二、单词填空21．用所给词的适当形式填空。
江西省萍乡市2019年八年级上学期英语期末学业水平测试试题(模拟卷三)
江西省萍乡市2019年八年级上学期英语期末学业水平测试试题(模拟卷三)一、选择题1．─Do they look the same？─__________. Linda is a lot taller.A.Yes，they areB.No，they don'tC.I think soD.You're right2．-Can you come to my party this evening?- Sorry, I can’t. I have to prepare_____my exams.A.forB.ofC.aboutD.with3．On March 14th, 2018, the greatest physicist Stephen Hawking_____peacefully at his home. We were all surprised at the news.A．dies B．died C．dead D．death4．-- What does your brother want to be when he grows up?-- He wants to be a pianist. So he has to practice _______ the piano every day.A．play B．playing C．plays D．to play5．—When did you ________ the computer？It looks nice.—Oh，I ________ it three days ago.A.buy，buyB.bought，boughtC.buy，boughtD.bought，buy6．His brother is very healthy because he ______ every day.A.exercisesB.sleepsC.shopsD.sings7．Mr. Li became ______ because I was late for class many times.A.happyB.excitedC.angryD.interesting8．Mr. White is good at singing. But he refused ______ the singing competition.A.enterB.enteringC.enteredD.to enter9．Farmers become ________ in our hometown in recent years.A．more and more rich B．richer and richerC．more rich and more rich D．much richer than10．（题文）Oh, I forgot _______ my ruler with me. Can I use yours?A．bring B．brought C．to bring D．bringing11．I don’t like this T-shirt. Can you show me ________one?A．other B．the other C．another D．others12．（题文）He has ________ English friends. He knows ______ English.A．a little, a few B．a little, a little C．a few, a little D．a few, a few 13．Jenny isn’t at home_______.A．at moment B．the moment C．a moment D．at the moment14．（题文）The meat is ______expensive and eating _______meat is bad for your health. A．too much , much B．much too ,too muchC．too much ,too much D．much too, much too15．My father is a funny man. He often makes me ________ at home.ughsughingC.to laughugh二、单词填空16．（题文）根据句意、首字母或汉语提示，填入适当的单词1）（小题1）A turkey is m______ bigger than a chicken.2）（小题2）He is not funny，and he is always very s______.3）（小题3）We ______(应该) eat less junk food.4）（小题4）Tom reads as______(大声地) as Tina.5）（小题5）I thanked him from my bottom of ______(内心)．三、句型转换17．三、句型转换（20分）1）He watches TV twice a week .(提问)________ _________ __________ he watch TV?2）Jack does his homework every day .(改为否定句)Jack __________ __________ his homework every day.3）He is talking to his father .(用usually改写句子)He ___________ ___________ to his father.4）My father often reads newspaper after supper .(提问)___________ _________ ___________ father often _____________ after supper?5）Maybe he likes soccer. (同义句)He ________ __________ soccer.四、完成句子18．根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
江西省萍乡市2018-2019学年八年级下期末数学试题((有答案))
2018-2019学年江西省萍乡市八年级（下）期末数学试卷一、选择题（本大题共10个小题，每小题3分，共30分，每小题只有一个正确答案）1．“a是正数”用不等式表示为（）A．a≤0B．a≥0C．a＜0D．a＞02．当x＝1时，下列式子无意义的是（）A．B．C．D．3．下列各组数中，以它们为边长的线段能构成直角三角形的是（）A．2，4，5B．6，8，11C．5，12，12D．1，1，4．如图，在△ABC中，AB＝AC，∠A＝40°，将△ABC绕点B逆时针旋转得到△A′BC′，若点C的对应点C′落在AB边上，则旋转角为（）A．40°B．70°C．80°D．140°5．将下列多项式因式分解，结果中不含有因式（x﹣2）的是（）A．x2﹣4B．x3﹣4x2﹣12xC．x2﹣2x D．（x﹣3）2+2（x﹣3）+16．如图，在四边形ABCD中，E是BC边的中点，连接DE并延长，交AB的延长线于F点，AB＝BF．添加一个条件，使四边形ABCD是平行四边形．你认为下面四个条件中可选择的是（）A．AD＝BC B．CD＝BF C．∠A＝∠C D．∠F＝∠CDE7．不等式组的解集是x＞4，那么m的取值范围是（）A．m≤4B．m＜4C．m≥4D．m＞48．若关于x的分式方程﹣1＝无解，则m的值为（）A．﹣1.5B．1C．﹣1.5或2D．﹣0.5或﹣1.59．如图，点D是等边△ABC的边AC上一点，以BD为边作等边△BDE，若BC＝10，BD＝8，则△ADE的周长为（）A．14B．16C．18D．2010．如图，△ABC中，M是BC的中点，AD平分∠BAC，BD⊥AD于点D，若AB＝12，AC ＝16，则MD等于（）A．4B．3C．2D．1二、填空题（本大题共8个小题，每小题3分，共24分）11．分解因式：2m3﹣8m＝．12．若一个正多边形的每个外角都等于36°，则它的内角和是．13．点P（m+2，2m+1）向右平移1个单位长度后，正好落在y轴上，则m＝．14．如图，长为8cm的橡皮筋放置在x轴上，固定两端A和B，然后把中点C向上拉升3cm 到D，则橡皮筋被拉长了cm．15．颖颖同学用20元钱去买方便面35包，甲种方便面每包0.7元，乙种方便面每包0.5元，则她最多可买甲种方便面包．16．如图，AB∥CD，BP和CP分别平分∠ABC和∠DCB，AD过点P，且与AB垂直，垂足为A，交CD于D，若AD＝8，则点P到BC的距离是．17．端午节那天，“味美早餐店”的粽子打9折出售，小红的妈妈去该店买粽子花了54元钱，比平时多买了3个，则平时每个粽子卖元．18．如图，在△ABC中，∠BAC＝90°，AB＝4，AC＝6，点D、E分别是BC、AD的中点，AF∥BC交CE的延长线于F．则四边形AFBD的面积为．三、（本大题共3个题，其中第19题8分，第20，21题各5分，共18分）19．（1）解不等式组：，并把解集在数轴上表示出来．（2）解方程：＝﹣1．20．先化简，再求值：（1+）÷，其中x＝﹣5．21．如图，在△ABC中，AD平分∠BAC交BC于D，且BD＝CD，DE⊥AB于点E，DF⊥AC 于点F．（1）求证：AB＝AC；（2）若DC＝4，∠DAC＝30°，求AD的长．四、（本大题共2个小题，每小题5分，共10分）22．利用对称性可以设计美丽的图案，在边长为1的正方形方格纸中，有如图所示的四边形（顶点都在格点上）．（1）先作出该四边形关于直线l成轴对称的图形，再作出上面所作的图形连同原四边形绕点O 按顺时针方向旋转90°后的图形；（2）完成上述设计后，求出整个图案的面积．23．甲、乙两个工程队计划修建一条长15千米的乡村公路，已知甲工程队每天比乙工程队每天多修路0.5千米，乙工程队单独完成修路任务所需天数是甲工程队单独完成修路任务所需天数的1.5倍．（1）求甲、乙两个工程队每天各修路多少千米？（2）若甲工程队每天的修路费用为0.5万元，乙工程队每天的修路费用为0.4万元，要使两个工程队修路总费用不超过5.2万元，甲工程队至少修路多少天？五、（本大题共2个小题，第24题5分，第25题6分，共11分）24．如图，点O是△ABC内一点，连接OB，OC，并将AB，OB，OC，AC的中点D，E，F，G依次连接得到四边形DEFG．（1）求证：四边形DEFG是平行四边形；（2）若OB⊥OC，∠EOM和∠OCB互余，OM＝3，求DG的长度．25．“五•一”期间，小明一家乘坐高铁前往某市旅游，计划第二天租用新能源汽车自驾出游．根据以下信息，解答下列问题：（1）设租车时间为x小时，租用甲公司的车所需费用为y1元，租用乙公司的车所需费用为y2元，分别求出y1，y2关于x的函数表达式；（2）请你帮助小明计算并选择哪个出游方案合算．六、（本大题共1个小题，共7分）26．如图，在▱ABCD中，AB⊥AC，对角线AC，BD相交于点O，将直线AC绕点O顺时针旋转一个角度α（0°＜α≤90°），分别交线段BC，AD于点E，F，连接BF．（1）如图1，在旋转的过程中，求证：OE＝OF；（2）如图2，当旋转至90°时，判断四边形ABEF的形状，并证明你的结论；（3）若AB＝1，BC＝，且BF＝DF，求旋转角度α的大小．2018-2019学年江西省萍乡市八年级（下）期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（本大题共10个小题，每小题3分，共30分，每小题只有一个正确答案）1．“a是正数”用不等式表示为（）A．a≤0B．a≥0C．a＜0D．a＞0【分析】正数即“＞0”可得答案．【解答】解：“a是正数”用不等式表示为a＞0，故选：D．【点评】本题考查了由实际问题抽象出一元一次不等式，读懂题意，抓住关键词语，弄清运算的先后顺序和不等关系，才能把文字语言的不等关系转化为用数学符号表示的不等式．2．当x＝1时，下列式子无意义的是（）A．B．C．D．【分析】分式无意义则分式的分母为0，据此求得x的值即可．【解答】解：A、x＝0分式无意义，不符合题意；B、x＝﹣1分式无意义，不符合题意；C、x＝1分式无意义，符合题意；D、x取任何实数式子有意义，不符合题意．故选：C．【点评】此题考查了分式有意义的条件，从以下三个方面透彻理解分式的概念：（1）分式无意义⇔分母为零；（2）分式有意义⇔分母不为零；（3）分式值为零⇔分子为零且分母不为零．3．下列各组数中，以它们为边长的线段能构成直角三角形的是（）A．2，4，5B．6，8，11C．5，12，12D．1，1，【分析】根据勾股定理的逆定理，只需验证两小边的平方和是否等于最长边的平方即可．【解答】解：A、∵22+42＝20≠52，∴不能构成直角三角形，故本选项不符合题意；B、∵62+82＝100≠112，∴不能构成直角三角形，故本选项不符合题意；C、∵52+122＝169≠122，∴不能构成直角三角形，故本选项不符合题意；D、∵12+12＝2＝（）2，∴能够构成直角三角形，故本选项符合题意．故选：D．【点评】本题考查的是勾股定理的逆定理，即如果三角形的三边长a，b，c满足a2+b2＝c2，那么这个三角形就是直角三角形．4．如图，在△ABC中，AB＝AC，∠A＝40°，将△ABC绕点B逆时针旋转得到△A′BC′，若点C的对应点C′落在AB边上，则旋转角为（）A．40°B．70°C．80°D．140°【分析】根据旋转角的定义，旋转角就是∠ABC，根据等腰三角形的旋转求出∠ABC即可．【解答】解：∵AB＝AC，∠A＝40°，∴∠ABC＝∠C＝（180°﹣∠A）＝×140°＝70°，∵△A′BC′是由△ABC旋转得到，∴旋转角为∠ABC＝70°．故选：B．【点评】本题考查旋转的性质、等腰三角形的性质、三角形内角和定理等知识，解题的关键的理解旋转角的定义，属于中考常考题型．5．将下列多项式因式分解，结果中不含有因式（x﹣2）的是（）A．x2﹣4B．x3﹣4x2﹣12xC．x2﹣2x D．（x﹣3）2+2（x﹣3）+1【分析】对各多项式进行因式分解即可求出答案．【解答】解：（A）原式＝（x+2）（x﹣2），结果中含有因式（x﹣2）；（B）原式＝x（x2﹣4x﹣12）＝x（x+2）（x﹣6），结果中不含有因式（x﹣2）；（C）原式＝x（x﹣2），结果中含有因式（x﹣2）；（D）原式＝[（x﹣3）+1]2＝（x﹣2）2，结果中含有因式（x﹣2）；故选：B．【点评】本题考查因式分解，解题的关键是熟练运用因式分解的方法，本题属于基础题型．6．如图，在四边形ABCD中，E是BC边的中点，连接DE并延长，交AB的延长线于F点，AB＝BF．添加一个条件，使四边形ABCD是平行四边形．你认为下面四个条件中可选择的是（）A．AD＝BC B．CD＝BF C．∠A＝∠C D．∠F＝∠CDE【分析】把A、B、C、D四个选项分别作为添加条件进行验证，D为正确选项．添加D选项，即可证明△DEC≌△FEB，从而进一步证明DC＝BF＝AB，且DC∥AB．【解答】解：添加：∠F＝∠CDE，理由：∵∠F＝∠CDE，∴CD∥AB，在△DEC与△FEB中，，∴△DEC≌△FEB（AAS），∴DC＝BF，∵AB＝BF，∴DC＝AB，∴四边形ABCD为平行四边形，故选：D．【点评】本题是一道探索性的试题，考查了平行四边形的判定，熟练掌握平行四边形的判定方法是解题的关键．7．不等式组的解集是x＞4，那么m的取值范围是（）A．m≤4B．m＜4C．m≥4D．m＞4【分析】求出第一个不等式的解集，根据口诀：同大取大、同小取小、大小小大中间找、大大小小无解了结合不等式组的解集即可得答案．【解答】解：解不等式（x+2）﹣3＞0，得：x＞4，由不等式组的解集为x＞4知m≤4，故选：A．【点评】本题考查的是解一元一次不等式组，正确求出每一个不等式解集是基础，熟知“同大取大；同小取小；大小小大中间找；大大小小找不到”的原则是解答此题的关键8．若关于x的分式方程﹣1＝无解，则m的值为（）A．﹣1.5B．1C．﹣1.5或2D．﹣0.5或﹣1.5【分析】方程无解即是分母为0，由此可得：原分式方程中的分母为0：x＝0或x＝3，解方程后x＝﹣，分母2m+1＝0，解出即可．【解答】解：﹣1＝，方程两边都乘以x（x﹣3），得：x（x+2m）﹣x（x﹣3）＝2（x﹣3），整理，得：（2m+1）x＝﹣6，x＝﹣，∵原分式方程无解，∴2m+1＝0或﹣＝3或﹣＝0，解得：x＝﹣0.5或x＝﹣1.5，故选：D．【点评】本题考查分式方程的解法，解题的关键是熟练运用分式方程的解法，本题属于基础题型，分式方程无解，则分母为0．9．如图，点D是等边△ABC的边AC上一点，以BD为边作等边△BDE，若BC＝10，BD＝8，则△ADE的周长为（）A．14B．16C．18D．20【分析】由△DBC≌△EBA，可知AE＝DC，推出AE+AD+DE＝AD+CD+ED＝AC+DE即可解决问题；【解答】解：∵△ABC，△DBE都是等边三角形，∴BC＝BA，BD＝BE，∠ABC＝∠EBD，∴∠DBC＝∠EBA，∴△DBC≌△EBA，∴AE＝DC，∴AE+AD+DE＝AD+CD+ED＝AC+DE，∵AC＝BC＝10，DE＝BD＝8，∴△AED的周长为18，故选：C．【点评】本题考查等边三角形的性质、全等三角形的判定和性质等知识，解题时根据是正确寻找全等三角形解决问题，属于中考常考题型．10．如图，△ABC中，M是BC的中点，AD平分∠BAC，BD⊥AD于点D，若AB＝12，AC ＝16，则MD等于（）A．4B．3C．2D．1【分析】延长BD交AC于H，根据等腰三角形的性质得到BD＝DH，AH＝AB＝12，根据三角形中位线定理计算即可．【解答】解：延长BD交AC于H，∵AD平分∠BAC，BD⊥AD，∴BD＝DH，AH＝AB＝12，∴HC＝AC﹣AH＝4，∵M是BC中点，BD＝DH，∴MD＝CH＝2，故选：C．【点评】本题考查的是三角形中位线定理的应用，掌握三角形的中位线平行于第三边，且等于第三边的一半是解题的关键．二、填空题（本大题共8个小题，每小题3分，共24分）11．分解因式：2m3﹣8m＝2m（m+2）（m﹣2）．【分析】提公因式2m，再运用平方差公式对括号里的因式分解．【解答】解：2m3﹣8m＝2m（m2﹣4）＝2m（m+2）（m﹣2）．故答案为：2m（m+2）（m﹣2）．【点评】本题考查了用提公因式法和公式法进行因式分解，一个多项式有公因式首先提取公因式，然后再用其他方法进行因式分解，同时因式分解要彻底，直到不能分解为止．12．若一个正多边形的每个外角都等于36°，则它的内角和是1440°．【分析】先根据多边形的外角和求多边形的边数，再根据多边形的内角和公式求出即可．【解答】解：∵一个正多边形的每个外角都等于36°，∴这个多边形的边数为＝10，∴这个多边形的内角和＝（10﹣2）×180°＝1440°，故答案为：1440°．【点评】本题考查了多边形的内角与外角，能正确求出多边形的边数是解此题的关键，注意：多边形的外角和等于360°，边数为n的多边形的内角和＝（n﹣2）×180°．13．点P（m+2，2m+1）向右平移1个单位长度后，正好落在y轴上，则m＝﹣3．【分析】根据向右平移横坐标加，y轴上的点的横坐标为0列方程求解即可．【解答】解：∵点P（m+2，2m+1）向右平移1个单位长度后，正好落在y轴上，∴m+2+1＝0，解得m＝﹣3．故答案为：﹣3．【点评】本题考查了坐标与图形变化﹣平移，平移中点的变化规律是：横坐标右移加，左移减；纵坐标上移加，下移减．14．如图，长为8cm的橡皮筋放置在x轴上，固定两端A和B，然后把中点C向上拉升3cm 到D，则橡皮筋被拉长了2cm．【分析】根据勾股定理，可求出AD、BD的长，则AD+BD﹣AB即为橡皮筋拉长的距离．【解答】解：Rt△ACD中，AC＝AB＝4cm，CD＝3cm；根据勾股定理，得：AD＝＝5cm；∴AD+BD﹣AB＝2AD﹣AB＝10﹣8＝2cm；故橡皮筋被拉长了2cm．【点评】此题主要考查了等腰三角形的性质以及勾股定理的应用．15．颖颖同学用20元钱去买方便面35包，甲种方便面每包0.7元，乙种方便面每包0.5元，则她最多可买甲种方便面12包．【分析】设可购买甲种方便面x包，则可购买乙种方便面（35﹣x）包，根据总价＝单价×数量结合总价不超过20元，即可得出关于x的一元一次不等式，解之取其中的最大整数是解题的关键．【解答】解：设可购买甲种方便面x包，则可购买乙种方便面（35﹣x）包，根据题意得：0.7x+0.5（35﹣x）≤20，解得：x≤12.5，∵x为整数，∴x≤12．故答案为：12．【点评】本题考查了一元一次不等式的应用，根据各数量之间的关系，正确列出一元一次不等式是解题的关键．16．如图，AB∥CD，BP和CP分别平分∠ABC和∠DCB，AD过点P，且与AB垂直，垂足为A，交CD于D，若AD＝8，则点P到BC的距离是4．【分析】过点P作PE⊥BC于E，根据角平分线上的点到角的两边的距离相等可得PA＝PE，PD＝PE，那么PE＝PA＝PD，又AD＝8，进而求出PE＝4．【解答】解：过点P作PE⊥BC于E，∵AB∥CD，PA⊥AB，∴PD⊥CD，∵BP和CP分别平分∠ABC和∠DCB，∴PA＝PE，PD＝PE，∴PE＝PA＝PD，∵PA+PD＝AD＝8，∴PA＝PD＝4，∴PE ＝4．故答案为：4【点评】本题考查了角平分线上的点到角的两边的距离相等的性质，熟记性质并作辅助线是解题的关键．17．端午节那天，“味美早餐店”的粽子打9折出售，小红的妈妈去该店买粽子花了54元钱，比平时多买了3个，则平时每个粽子卖 2 元．【分析】设平时每个粽子卖x 元，根据题意列出分式方程，解之并检验得出结论．【解答】解：设平时每个粽子卖x 元．根据题意得：解得：x ＝2经检验x ＝2是分式方程的解故答案为2元【点评】本题考查了分式方程的应用，解题的关键是找准等量关系，列出分式方程．18．如图，在△ABC 中，∠BAC ＝90°，AB ＝4，AC ＝6，点D 、E 分别是BC 、AD 的中点，AF ∥BC 交CE 的延长线于F ．则四边形AFBD 的面积为 12 ．【分析】由于AF ∥BC ，从而易证△AEF ≌△DEC （AAS ），所以AF ＝CD ，从而可证四边形AFBD 是平行四边形，所以S 四边形AFBD ＝2S △ABD ，又因为BD ＝DC ，所以S △ABC ＝2S △ABD ，所以S 四边形AFBD ＝S △ABC ，从而求出答案．【解答】解：∵AF ∥BC ，∴∠AFC ＝∠FCD ，在△AEF 与△DEC 中，∴△AEF ≌△DEC （AAS ）．∴AF ＝DC ，∵BD ＝DC ，∴AF ＝BD ，∴四边形AFBD 是平行四边形，∴S 四边形AFBD ＝2S △ABD ，又∵BD ＝DC ，∴S △ABC ＝2S △ABD ，∴S 四边形AFBD ＝S △ABC ，∵∠BAC ＝90°，AB ＝4，AC ＝6，∴S △ABC ＝AB •AC ＝×4×6＝12，∴S 四边形AFBD ＝12．故答案为：12【点评】本题考查平行四边形的性质与判定，涉及全等三角形的判定与性质，平行四边形的判定与性质，勾股定理等知识，综合程度较高．三、（本大题共3个题，其中第19题8分，第20，21题各5分，共18分）19．（1）解不等式组：，并把解集在数轴上表示出来．（2）解方程：＝﹣1．【分析】（1）分别求出不等式组中两不等式的解集，找出两解集的公共部分确定出不等式组的解集，表示在数轴上即可；（2）分式方程去分母转化为整式方程，求出整式方程的解得到x的值，经检验即可得到分式方程的解．【解答】解：（1）由①得：x＜﹣1，由②得：x≤2，∴不等式组的解集为x＜﹣1，解集表示在数轴上为：；（2）分式方程去分母得：3（x﹣1）＝x（x+1）﹣（x+1）（x﹣1），解得：x＝2，经检验x＝2是分式方程的解．【点评】此题考查了解分式方程，解一元一次不等式组，以及在数轴上表示不等式的解集，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．20．先化简，再求值：（1+）÷，其中x＝﹣5．【分析】先根据分式混合运算顺序和运算法则化简原式，再将x的值代入计算可得．【解答】解：原式＝•＝•＝，当x＝﹣5时，原式＝＝．【点评】本题主要考查分式的化简求值，解题的关键是掌握分式混合运算顺序和运算法则．21．如图，在△ABC中，AD平分∠BAC交BC于D，且BD＝CD，DE⊥AB于点E，DF⊥AC 于点F．（1）求证：AB＝AC；（2）若DC＝4，∠DAC＝30°，求AD的长．【分析】（1）根据角平分线的性质得到DE＝DF，证明Rt△BDE≌Rt△CDF，根据全等三角形的性质得到∠B＝∠C，根据等腰三角形的判定定理证明；（2）根据直角三角形的性质求出AC，根据勾股定理计算即可．【解答】（1）证明：∵AD平分∠BAC，DE⊥AB，DF⊥AC，∴DE＝DF，在Rt△BDE和Rt△CDF中，，∴Rt△BDE≌Rt△CDF，∴∠B＝∠C，∴AB＝AC；（2）解：∵AD平分∠BAC，BD＝CD，∴AD⊥BC，∵∠DAC＝30°，∴AC＝2DC＝8，∴AD＝＝4．【点评】本题考查的是全等三角形的判定和性质、角平分线的性质，掌握全等三角形的判定定理和性质定理是解题的关键．四、（本大题共2个小题，每小题5分，共10分）22．利用对称性可以设计美丽的图案，在边长为1的正方形方格纸中，有如图所示的四边形（顶点都在格点上）．（1）先作出该四边形关于直线l成轴对称的图形，再作出上面所作的图形连同原四边形绕点O 按顺时针方向旋转90°后的图形；（2）完成上述设计后，求出整个图案的面积．【分析】（1）直接利用旋转变换以及轴对称变换得出对应点位置进而得出答案．【解答】解：（1）如图所示：（2）一个四边形面积为：×5×1×2＝5，整个图案面积为：5×4＝20．【点评】此题主要考查了利用旋转设计图案以及利用轴对称设计图案，正确得出对应点位置是解题关键．23．甲、乙两个工程队计划修建一条长15千米的乡村公路，已知甲工程队每天比乙工程队每天多修路0.5千米，乙工程队单独完成修路任务所需天数是甲工程队单独完成修路任务所需天数的1.5倍．（1）求甲、乙两个工程队每天各修路多少千米？（2）若甲工程队每天的修路费用为0.5万元，乙工程队每天的修路费用为0.4万元，要使两个工程队修路总费用不超过5.2万元，甲工程队至少修路多少天？【分析】（1）可设甲每天修路x千米，则乙每天修路（x﹣0.5）千米，则可表示出修路所用的时间，可列分式方程，求解即可；（2）设甲修路a天，则可表示出乙修路的天数，从而可表示出两个工程队修路的总费用，由题意可列不等式，求解即可．【解答】解：（1）设甲每天修路x千米，则乙每天修路（x﹣0.5）千米，根据题意，可列方程：1.5×＝，解得x＝1.5，经检验x＝1.5是原方程的解，且x﹣0.5＝1，答：甲每天修路1.5千米，则乙每天修路1千米；（2）设甲修路a天，则乙需要修（15﹣1.5a）千米，∴乙需要修路＝15﹣1.5a（天），由题意可得0.5a+0.4（15﹣1.5a）≤5.2，解得a≥8，答：甲工程队至少修路8天．【点评】本题主要考查分式方程及一元一次不等式的应用，找出题目中的等量（或不等）关系是解题的关键，注意分式方程需要检验．五、（本大题共2个小题，第24题5分，第25题6分，共11分）24．如图，点O是△ABC内一点，连接OB，OC，并将AB，OB，OC，AC的中点D，E，F，G依次连接得到四边形DEFG．（1）求证：四边形DEFG是平行四边形；（2）若OB⊥OC，∠EOM和∠OCB互余，OM＝3，求DG的长度．【分析】（1）根据三角形的中位线平行于第三边并且等于第三边的一半可得EF∥BC且EF ＝BC，DG∥BC且DG＝BC，从而得到DE＝EF，DG∥EF，再利用一组对边平行且相等的四边形是平行四边形证明即可．（2）想办法证明OM＝MF＝ME即可解决问题．【解答】解：（1）∵D、G分别是AB、AC的中点，∴DG∥BC，DG＝BC，∵E、F分别是OB、OC的中点，∴EF∥BC，EF＝BC，∴DG＝EF，DG∥EF，∴四边形DEFG是平行四边形；（2）∵OB⊥OC，∴∠BOC＝90°，∵∠EOM+∠COM＝90°，∠EOM+∠OCB＝90°，∴∠COM＝∠OCB，∵EF∥BC，∴∠OFE＝∠OCB，∴∠MOF＝∠MFO，∴OM＝MF，∵∠OEM+∠OFM＝90°，∠EOM+∠MOF＝90°，∴∠EOM＝∠MEO，∴OM＝EM，∴EF＝2OM＝6．由（1）有四边形DEFG是平行四边形，∴DG＝EF＝6．【点评】本题考查平行四边形的判定与性质，三角形的中位线，直角三角形的性质，解本题的关键是判定四边形DEFG是平行四边形．25．“五•一”期间，小明一家乘坐高铁前往某市旅游，计划第二天租用新能源汽车自驾出游．根据以下信息，解答下列问题：（1）设租车时间为x小时，租用甲公司的车所需费用为y1元，租用乙公司的车所需费用为y2元，分别求出y1，y2关于x的函数表达式；（2）请你帮助小明计算并选择哪个出游方案合算．【分析】（1）根据函数图象中的信息，分别运用待定系数法，求得y1，y2关于x的函数表达式即可；（2）当y1＝y2时，15x+80＝30x，当y1＞y2时，15x+80＞30x，当y1＜y2时，15x+80＜30x，分求得x的取值范围即可得出方案．【解答】解：（1）设y1＝k1x+80，把点（1，95）代入，可得95＝k1+80，解得k1＝15，∴y1＝15x+80（x≥0）；设y2＝k2x，把（1，30）代入，可得30＝k2，即k2＝30，∴y2＝30x（x≥0）；（2）当y1＝y2时，15x+80＝30x，解得x＝；当y1＞y2时，15x+80＞30x，解得x＜；当y1＜y2时，15x+80＜30x，解得x＞；∴当租车时间为小时，选择甲乙公司一样合算；当租车时间小于小时，选择乙公司合算；当租车时间大于小时，选择甲公司合算．【点评】本题主要考查了一次函数的应用，解题时注意：求正比例函数y＝kx，只要一对x，y 的值；而求一次函数y＝kx+b，则需要两组x，y的值．六、（本大题共1个小题，共7分）26．如图，在▱ABCD中，AB⊥AC，对角线AC，BD相交于点O，将直线AC绕点O顺时针旋转一个角度α（0°＜α≤90°），分别交线段BC，AD于点E，F，连接BF．（1）如图1，在旋转的过程中，求证：OE＝OF；（2）如图2，当旋转至90°时，判断四边形ABEF的形状，并证明你的结论；（3）若AB＝1，BC＝，且BF＝DF，求旋转角度α的大小．【分析】（1）由平行四边形的性质得出∠OAF＝∠AOF，OA＝OC，进而判断出△AOF≌△COE，即可得出结论；（2）先判断出∠BAC＝∠AOF，得出AB∥EF，即可得出结论；（3）先求出AC＝2，进而得出A＝1＝AB，即可判断出△ABO是等腰直角三角形，进一步判断出△BFD是等腰三角形，利用等腰三角形的三线合一得出∠BOF＝90°，即可得出结论．【解答】（1）证明：在▱ABCD中，AD∥BC，∵OA＝OC，∠AOF＝∠COE，∴△AOF≌△COE（ASA），∴OE＝OF；（2）解：当旋转角为90°时，四边形ABEF是平行四边形，理由：∵AB⊥AC，∴∠BAC＝90°，∵∠AOF＝90°，∴∠BAC＝∠AOF，∴AB∥EF，∵AF∥BE，∴四边形ABEF是平行四边形；（3）解：在Rt△ABC中，AB＝1，BC＝，∴AC＝＝2，∴OA＝1＝AB，∴△ABO是等腰直角三角形，∴∠AOB＝45°，∵BF＝DF，∴△BFD是等腰三角形，∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴OB＝OD，∴OF⊥BD（等腰三角形底边上的中线是底边上的高），∴∠α＝∠AOF＝∠BOF﹣∠AOB＝45°．【点评】此题是四边形综合题，主要考查了平行四边形的性质和判定，全等三角形的判定和性质，等腰三角形的判定和性质，等腰直角三角形的性质，旋转的性质，判断出△ABO是等腰直角三角形是解本题的关键．。