Anti-oxidative stress enzymes in Pleurotus ostreatus
CURRENT RESEARCH TOPICS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY - Proceedings of the II International Conference on Environmental, Industrial and Applied Microbiology (BioMicroWorld2007)© World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.http://www.worldscibooks.com/lifesci/7133.html
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Anti-oxidative stress enzymes in Pleurotus ostreatus J. Keyhani*,1, E. Keyhani1,2, F. Attar2, and M. Hadizadeh2 1 Laboratory for Life Sciences, Saadat Abade, Sarve Sharghi 58, 19979 Tehran, Iran
2 Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, 13145 Tehran, Iran
*Corresponding author: e-mail: keyhanius2002@yahoo.com
Pleurotus ostreatus is an edible white-rot basidiomycete with medicinal and bioremediation properties. In this research, the activity of key intracellular anti-oxidative stress enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX), was investigated and characterized in the mushroom. A Pleurotus ostreatus homogenate was centrifuged at 3,000 g for 10 min; the supernatant was centrifuged at 35,000 g for 30 min, and the new supernatant obtained, called “crude extract” was used for our studies. Results showed that up to 7.4 units SOD, 11.7 units CAT and 0.037 units POX were detectable per mg protein in Pleurotus ostreatus extract. All three enzymes were sensitive to KCN. Non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the extract, followed by activity staining, revealed one SOD band (estimated M.W. 44 kD), one CAT band (estimated M.W. 280 kD) and three POX bands (estimated M.W. 77, 65, and 60 kD, respectively).
Keywords catalase; peroxidase; superoxide dismutase; intracellular anti-oxidative stress enzymes; Pleurotus ostreatus
1. Introduction Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H2O2, superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical, are normal by-products of cellular respiration and metabolism and, at low concentrations, are useful for cellular physiological functions [1]. However, their overproduction is very detrimental to cell survival. Recent advances in ROS-induced diseases demonstrated that the genetically controlled overproduction of antioxidants prevented the damages produced by drugs that generate ROS [2]. It was also suggested that the consumption of food and produce containing antioxidant products and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, would be very useful in preventing health damage by ROS. The most important enzymes responsible for fighting ROS excess are SODs, catalases and peroxidases. The oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus is an edible white-rot basidiomycete much appreciated for its flavor as a food and for its medicinal and bioremediation properties. The medicinal benefits provided by the mushroom include hypocholesterolemic [3] and antitumor effects [4, 5] as well as improvement of the antioxidant status during ageing [6]. The bioremediation activity of the mushroom includes lignin degradation, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation, nitrocellulose degradation and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) degradation [7-9]; Pleurotus ostreatus has also been shown to release an enzyme with aflatoxin-degradation activity [10]. These bioremediation properties result from the action of antioxidant enzymes secreted by the mushroom in the environment. Although the secreted enzymes have been extensively investigated, much less research has been conducted on the intracellular antioxidant enzymes in Pleurotus ostreatus, in spite of the documented beneficial effect of the mushroom on antioxidant status during ageing. In this research, we identified and characterized the activity of key intracellular anti-oxidative stress enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX), in Pleurotus ostreatus.
2. Materials and Methods Locally purchased Pleurotus ostreatus was homogenized in phosphate buffer 0.1 M, pH 7.0, then centrifuged at 3,000 g for 10 min; the pellet was discarded and the supernatant was centrifuged at 35,000 g for 30 min. The supernatant thus obtained was called “crude extract” and used for our studies. SOD activity was measured by two different spectrophotometric methods, one based on the inhibition of pyrogallol autooxidation in alkaline solution, and the other based on the inhibition of cytochrome c reduction, both methods being described in reference [11]. CAT activity was assayed spectrophotometrically by following H2O2 dismutation at 240 nm as described in reference [12]. POX activity was measured by following spectrophotometrically the H2O2-mediated oxidation of o-dianisidine at 460 nm as described in reference [13], or that of 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) at 414 nm as described in reference [14].
蘑菇介绍
平菇出菇棚平菇(学名:Pleurotus ostreatus;又名侧耳、糙皮侧耳、蚝菇、黑牡丹菇,台湾又称秀珍菇)是担子菌门下伞菌目侧耳科一种类,是种相当常见的灰色食用菇。
平菇含丰富的营养物质,每百克于品含蛋白质20—23 克,而且氨基酸成分种类齐全,矿物质含量十分丰富。
平菇含有的多种维生素及矿物质可以改善人体新陈代谢,增强体质、调节植物神经功能等作用,故可作为体弱病人的营养品,对肝炎、慢性胃炎、胃和十二指肠溃疡、软骨病、高血压等都有疗效。
对降低血胆固醇和防治尿道结石也有一定效果。
平菇出菇管理要点:温度12℃——25℃湿度85%——95%光线800Lm通风4——5次/天Oyster mushrooms awningMushroom (scientific name: pleurotus ostreatus,also called pleurotus mushroom, oyster mushroom, black peony mushroom, pleurotus geesteranus in Taiwan) is one kind of species in basidiomycete sects agaricales , and it is fairly a common kind of gray edible mushroom. It is rich in nutrients. Usually it contains 20 to 23 grams of protein in one hundred grams product, and it is full of amino acids andmineral. The variety of vitamins and minerals that mushroom contains can improve the body metabolism, enhance physical fitness, regulate autonomic function and so on, so it can be used as frail patient's nutrition. It has curative effect on hepatitis, chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcer, cartilage disease, hypertension. Besides, it is also useful to lower blood cholesterol and prevent urinary tract stones.Oyster mushroom management key points:Temperature: 12℃to 25℃Humidity: 85% to 95%The light: 800 lmVentilated: 4 to 5 times every day杏鲍菇出菇棚杏鲍菇学名:Pleurotus eryngii Quel.别名:剌芹侧耳。
杏鲍菇麦角硫因的体外抗氧化力及环境因素对其稳定性的影响
杏鲍菇麦角硫因的体外抗氧化力及环境因素对其稳定性的影响王艳; 李亚欢; 莫宇丽; 胡晶晶; 张怡馨; 王杰【期刊名称】《《食品与发酵工业》》【年(卷),期】2019(045)014【总页数】10页(P47-56)【关键词】杏鲍菇; 麦角硫因; 抗氧化活性; 稳定性【作者】王艳; 李亚欢; 莫宇丽; 胡晶晶; 张怡馨; 王杰【作者单位】华南农业大学食品学院广东广州 510642【正文语种】中文麦角硫因(ergothioneine, ERG),学名为2-巯基-L-组氨酸三甲基内盐,具有显著的抗氧化[1]、抗炎[2]、保护细胞[3]、护色[4]和抗紫外辐射[5]等多种功能,是一种天然的抗氧化剂。
区别于其他常见抗氧化剂(如谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸等),麦角硫因被人体或其他动物从饮食中迅速吸收后,不会被快速代谢或排泄到尿液中,而是以硫酮形式存在于人体组织和体液中,因而不易发生自动氧化并能在某些组织和体液中累积至较高水平[6]。
强大的体外抗氧化性、独特的抗自动氧化性和天然安全性使麦角硫因在食品添加、保健制药、化妆护肤等各个领域极具开发和利用价值,市场潜力巨大[7-8]。
除一些细菌(如放线菌、蓝细菌)和部分真菌(如链霉菌、分枝杆菌)等微生物外,人体或动物机体自身均无合成麦角硫因的能力,只能从食物中摄取[9]。
早期研究表明,在合成麦角硫因的微生物中,杏鲍菇、香菇等食用菌中麦角硫因含量较高,又具有天然安全、易获取等优势,成为其制备资源的首选[10]。
其中,CHEN等研究发现侧耳属食用菌中麦角硫因含量相当高[11]。
DUBOST等也发现杏鲍菇(king oyster mushroom)中麦角硫因含量较高,可达2 590 mg/kg干重,远大于香菇、灰树花等其他人工栽培蘑菇(210~198 mg/kg干重)[12],表明杏鲍菇是制备麦角硫因的理想资源之一。
除来源外,提取方式、纯化方法、物化环境等因素均会对麦角硫因体外抗氧化性及其稳定性产生影响[13-15]。
药学 专业文献 翻译
药学专业文献翻译Enzymatic Synthesis and Antioxidant Properties of Poly (rutin) 聚(芦丁)的酶促合成与抗氧化性质†‡†‡††Motoichi Kurisawa, Joo Eun Chung, Hiroshi Uyama,* and Shiro Kobayashi*Abstract 摘要Rutin, quercetin-3-rutinoside, is one of the most famous glycosides of flavonoid and widely present in many plants. In this study, we performed an oxidative polymerization of rutin using Myceliophthora laccase as catalyst in a mixture of methanol and buffer to produce a flavonoid polymer and evaluated antioxidant properties of the resultant polymer. Under selected conditions , the polymer with molecular weight of several thousands was obtained in good yields. The resulting polymer was readily soluble in water, DMF, and DMSO, although rutin monomer showed very low water solubility. UV measurement showed that the polymer had broad transition peaks around 255 and 350 nm in water, which were red-shifted in an alkaline solution. Electron spin resonance (ESR) measurement showed the presence of a radical in the polymer. The polymer showed greatly improved superoxide scavenging activity and inhibition effects on human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation initiated by 2,2‘-azobis(2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), compared with the rutin monomer. The polymer also protected endothelial cells from oxidative injuryinduced by AAPH as a radical generator with a much greater effect than the rutin monomer.芦丁,槲皮素芸香糖苷,是最著名的黄酮类糖苷之一,广泛存在于很多植物中。
油菜秸秆栽培食用菌研究综述
油菜秸秆栽培食用菌研究综述宋海燕;胡殿明【摘要】从培养基培养、栽培种类等角度综述油菜秸秆栽培食用菌研究概况。
我国利用油菜秸秆栽培食用菌研究主要集中在平菇、金针菇、蟹味菇、草菇和香菇,共5种食用菌,并主要集中于报道培养基配方的研发。
列举文献报道的以油菜秸秆为主料的平菇栽培料配方29个,金针菇栽培料配方13个,其它食用菌栽培料配方6个,并对其生物转化率及栽培效果进行小结和讨论。
虽然油菜秸秆为主料的栽培料配方栽培平菇和金针菇通常比以棉籽壳为主料的配方生物转化率更低,但是前者不仅菌丝生长良好、快速,而且其出菇率和产量均较理想,并且由于原材料价格便宜、生产周期相对更短,其投产比更高,经济效益较好。
现有研究充分证明油菜秸秆在栽培食用菌方面具有巨大潜力,今后油菜秸秆栽培食用菌研究应该将重点放在以下方面:1)增加食用菌试验品种;2)培育适合油菜秸秆栽培料的新品种;3)研发高产栽培料配方及适合规模化生产的高效栽培模式。
【期刊名称】《生物灾害科学》【年(卷),期】2015(038)004【总页数】7页(P277-283)【关键词】食用菌栽培;农作物秸秆;秸秆利用;平菇栽培;金针菇栽培【作者】宋海燕;胡殿明【作者单位】江西农业大学生物科学与工程学院,江西南昌330045【正文语种】中文【中图分类】S646.14宋海燕,胡殿明. 油菜秸秆栽培食用菌研究综述[J]. 生物灾害科学, 2015, 38(4):277-283.油菜是我国的主要油料作物之一,种植广、产量大,在油菜生产过程中衍生大量副产物——油菜秸秆。
油菜的秸秆系数为2.87,在我国规模栽培作物中仅次于棉花(3.0),而高于水稻(1.00)、小麦(1.17)、玉米(1.04)、花生(1.14)、豆类(1.60)等其它农作物[1]。
2005年,我国油菜秸秆产量达1.96×107t,占我国农作物秸秆总产量的2.33%[2]。
目前,我国油菜秸秆大部分未被有效利用,多被遗弃或焚烧[3],油菜秸秆燃烧过程中释放大量CO2以及少量NOx、SO2、HCl等气体[4],可造成严重空气污染。
平菇的生物学特性
收稿日期:2009-11-07基金项目:内蒙古自治区教育厅科研项目“杏鲍菇新品种选育及栽培技术研究”(NJZY08225)1平菇的生物学分类依照最新分类方法,平菇隶属于菌物界、真菌门、担子菌纲、伞菌目、侧耳科、侧耳属。
目前发现的食用侧耳已有30多种,广泛栽培的就有紫孢侧耳(美味侧耳)、佛罗里达侧耳(华丽侧耳)、漏斗状侧耳(凤尾菇)、金顶侧耳(榆黄蘑)、鲍鱼侧耳(鲍鱼菇)和糙皮侧耳(平菇)等。
而平菇的栽培最为普遍,产量最大,几乎遍及全国各地。
2平菇的形态特征平菇从弰形态上由营养器官———菌丝体和繁殖体器官———子实体两个部分构成。
2.1菌丝体平菇的菌丝由孢子萌发发育而成,初为单核菌丝,单核菌丝很快质配形成双核菌丝,由若干条分枝菌丝构成的丝状体称为菌丝体。
平菇单根菌丝管状、无色,直径是头发的五分之一。
平菇双核菌丝体都具有锁状联合,分枝性强。
平菇菌丝体密集,粗壮有力,气生菌丝发达,爬壁性强,抗逆性能强,生长速度快。
菌丝体在培养基内吸收营养,发育到一定程度,在一定温度和湿度等条件下就能形成其繁殖器官———子实体。
2.2子实体平菇菌丝体纽结发育,形成子实体经过桑椹期、珊瑚期、形成期和成熟期四个时期发育成熟。
柔椹期:在培养基表面出现许多如小米粒似的白色或灰色菌蕾(即基),形似桑椹。
珊瑚期:部分粒状菌蕾开始伸长,出现菌柄,向四周呈放射状排列,上细下粗,参差不齐,形如珊瑚。
在珊瑚状子实体形成过程中,有的小颗粒发育成子实体,有的小颗粒被自然淘汰。
形成期:原始菌柄逐渐加粗并在顶端形成青灰色的小扁球,即原始菌盖。
菌盖生长很快,而菌柄则渐转慢。
成熟期:菌盖迅速生长而展开并发育成熟。
平菇的子实体由菌盖、菌褶、菌柄三个部分组成。
菌盖呈贝壳状或扇状;菌柄着生部位微向下凹,有棉絮状绒毛,边缘薄,微上翘或波状;菌盖幼时颜色深暗,呈灰黑色,以后逐渐变淡,最后呈灰白色或白色,因品种不同而颜色各异;菌褶生于菌盖下方,是平菇有性繁殖器官,呈扇状排列,形似刀片,不等长,纵切面着生有子实层等。
硬质聚氨酯泡沫喷涂发泡工艺研究
硬质聚氨酯泡沫喷涂发泡工艺研究闫红英(西安康本材料有限公司军品配套事业部 陕西西安 710025)摘要:在结构复杂、表面凹凸起伏较大、异型零部组件较多的复合材料产品表面制作硬质聚氨酯泡沫绝热防护层时,喷涂发泡工艺与浇注模塑成型的泡沫块熟化、切割和粘接工艺相比,具有生产周期短,泡沫损失率低,生产成本和劳动强度低等优点,且形成的泡沫整体性好、一致性高、无缝隙。
提出了硬质聚氨酯泡沫喷涂发泡时物料之间的配比,通过工艺试验对发泡剂用量、环境温度和环境湿度对泡沫性能的影响进行了验证,试验结果表明发泡剂质量用量为35 g,环境温度不大于70%,环境温度为15~35 ℃时,制备的泡沫性能优良。
关键词:聚氨酯泡沫 喷涂 环境湿度 环境温度中图分类号:TQ328.3文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-3791(2023)23-0120-05Research on the Spraying and Foaming Process of RigidPolyurethane FoamYAN Hongying(Military Accessories Department, Xi'an Carbon Materials Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi province, 710025 China) Abstract:When an adiabatic protective layer of rigid polyurethane foam is made on the surface of composite products with complex structures, large surface concave and convex fluctuations and many special-shaped parts, compared with the curing, cutting and bonding process of foam blocks moulded by casting and molding, the spray‐ing and foaming process has the advantages of the short production cycle, low foam loss rate and low production cost and labor intensity, and the formed foam has good integrity, high consistency and no gap. The ratio of materials during the spraying and foaming of rigid polyurethane foam is put forward, and the effect of foaming agent dosage, ambient temperature and ambient humidity on foam properties is verified through process tests. The test results show that the prepared foam has excellent properties when the mass ratio of foaming agent is 35g, the ambient tem‐perature is not more than 70%, and the ambient temperature is 15~35 ℃.Key Words: Polyurethane foam; Spraying; Ambient humidity; Ambient temperature硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料是在一定负荷作用下不发生明显形变,当负荷过大发生形变后不能恢复到初始状态的泡沫塑料,是以异氰酸酯和聚醚等为主要原料,在发泡剂、催化剂、稳定剂、阻燃剂等多种助剂的作用下,经过专用设备混合,经高压喷涂现场发泡而成的高分子聚合物,具有优良的物理机械性能、声学性能、电学性能、化学性能和热导率较低,是优质的绝热保温材料,在航天领域常用于产品的绝热防护层[1-3]。
黄曲霉毒素生物降解的研究进展
山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(4):645-647Journal of Shandong Agricultural University(Natural Science)文·献·综·述黄曲霉毒素生物降解的研究进展孙玲玉,柴同杰*(山东农业大学动物科技与动物医学院,山东泰安271038)THE REASERCH PROGRESS OF THE DEGRADATION OF AFLATOXINSUN Ling-yu,CHAI Tong-jie*(Animal Science and Technology,and the College of Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Agricultural Uniyersity,Tai,an271038,China)Key words:Aflatoxin;food and feed;degradation of aflatoxin;microorganism摘要:黄曲霉毒素B1具有强毒性、强致畸性和强致突变性,是危害最大的真菌毒素之一。
黄曲霉毒素污染食品、饲料等严重危害消费者和动物的健康,给相关行业和畜牧业生产带来巨大的经济损失。
由于物理和化学方法去除食物中的黄曲霉毒素存在种种应用缺陷,目前生物降解黄曲霉毒素成为安全、高效且环保的方法而备受关注。
本文就国内外黄曲霉毒素生物降解的研究作一综述,同时对生物降解应用前景予以展望。
关键词:黄曲霉毒素;食品与饲料;生物降解;微生物中图分类号:S828.5文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-2324(2012)04-0645-03据联合国粮农组织(FAO)估计,全世界谷物供应25%受真菌毒素污染而不能食用,其中受黄曲霉毒素污染最为严重。
黄曲霉毒素是一类主要由黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)和寄生曲霉(Aspergillus parasiticus)真菌产生的次级代谢产物,具有极强的毒性。
紫苏秸秆对平菇生物学性状及营养品质的影响
分类号:S646.1+4 单位代码:10110学号:s2*******中北大学全日制工程硕士学位论文紫苏秸秆对平菇生物学性状及营养品质的影响硕士研究生李梦雪校内指导教师张志军校外指导教师南建福所在领域化学工程2014年5 月15日图书分类号S646.1+4 密级非密UDC全日制硕士学位论文李梦雪校内指导教师(姓名、职称)张志军教授校外指导教师(姓名、职称)南建福研究员申请学位级别工程硕士所在领域(研究方向)化学工程论文提交日期 2014 年 4 月 10 日论文答辩日期 2014 年 5 月 20 日学位授予日期________年______月______日论文评阅人靳利娥教授胡志勇副教授答辩委员会主席余和平研究员2014 年 5 月 15 日原创性声明本人郑重声明:所呈交的学位论文,是本人在指导教师的指导下,独立进行研究所取得的成果。
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签名:日期:导师签名:日期:年月日紫苏秸秆对平菇生物学性状及营养品质的影响摘要紫苏秸秆(PS)纤维素和半纤维素含量可达62.7%,营养丰富且具有多种活性成分,但生产中大部分被就地焚烧,造成资源的极大浪费甚至污染环境。
本研究通过紫苏秸秆与棉籽壳(CSH)复配培养料袋装培养平菇,并研究测定不同处理对平菇产量,物理指标,营养品质以及抗氧化活性的影响,筛选出紫苏秸秆培养平菇的最佳配方,综合评价了紫苏秸秆作为平菇培养替代原料的生产潜力,为紫苏秸秆资源的综合开发利用提供理论依据和技术参考。
异迟眼蕈蚊生物生态学特征及防治策略
654-663草 业 科 学第 38 卷第 4 期4/2021PRATACULTURAL SCIENCE Vol.38, No.4DOI: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2020-0436苟玉萍,毛亮,刘长仲,张克信,李春春,张强艳,张艳蕾. 异迟眼蕈蚊生物生态学特征及防治策略. 草业科学, 2021, 38(4): 654-663.GOU Y P, MAO L, LIU C Z, ZHANG K X, LI C C, ZHANG Q Y, ZHANG Y L. Bio-ecological characteristics and control strategies of Bradysia impatiens . Pratacultural Science, 2021, 38(4): 654-663.异迟眼蕈蚊生物生态学特征及防治策略苟玉萍1,毛 亮2,刘长仲1,张克信1,李春春1,张强艳1,张艳蕾1(1. 甘肃农业大学植物保护学院 / 甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,甘肃 兰州 730070;2. 临洮县林业和草原局,甘肃 临洮 730500)摘要:本文综述了异迟眼蕈蚊(Bradysia impatiens Johannsen)的生物生态学特征及其防治策略。
异迟眼蕈蚊对寄主植物食用菌和韭菜(Allium tuberosum)的适应性和嗜食性最佳;温度25 ℃、光周期L ꞉ D = 16 h ꞉ 8 h和光强度588 lx最有利于异迟眼蕈蚊种群增长;湿度与昆虫的生活习性及行为息息相关,但尚未见关于异迟眼蕈蚊在此方面的研究报道。
目前,异迟眼蕈蚊的防治依然以化学防治为主,此外,昆虫病原线虫、捕食螨、苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)等生物防治技术以及日晒高温覆膜、趋性诱杀等物理防治方法也有较好的应用潜力。
本文对异迟眼蕈蚊生物生态学特性及防治方法的相关研究进展进行了总结和阐述,以期为该虫的进一步研究提供基础的理论依据。
不同浓度杀菌剂对平菇菌丝体生长的影响
教学单位孝感学院生命科学技术学院学生学号071414103本科毕业论文(设计)题目不同杀菌剂对平菇菌丝生长的影响学生姓名范高韬专业名称生物科学指导教师李国元2010年5月11日不同杀菌剂对平菇菌丝生长的影响摘要:主要选用多菌灵,咪鲜胺,甲基硫菌灵三种常用的杀菌剂,在PDA培养基的基础上加入三种杀菌剂,通过实验观察平菇菌种在三种杀菌剂的生长情况;在稀释浓度相同情况下,杀菌效果好的被筛选出来进行精确稀释浓度的测试。
之后在PDA培养基上对筛选出的杀菌剂以呈梯度上升的形式进行测试,旨在筛选出其中既能有效地控制霉菌污染,又不影响平菇菌丝生长的杀菌剂及其具体适用浓度范围和最佳浓度,供生产使用,为生产实践提供合理建议。
关键词:杀菌剂;多菌灵;平菇菌丝Different microbicides hypha growth influence to mushroomAbstract:Main test carbendazim, prochloraz, and thiophanate methyl 3 fungicides on mushroom bacteria mycelial growth inhibition effect, to filter out the appropriate fungicide. PDA medium first preliminary screening of three fungicides in the dilution of the same circumstances,Through the experimental observation mushroom spawn in the growth of three fungicides,a good bactericidal effect was screened for accurate dilution of the test. PDA medium after the screening of fungicides on the gradient was increased to test the form, designed to filter out the pollution can effectively control the mold, without affecting the growth of mushroom mycelium concentration of fungicide and its specific application and the optimal concentration range for the production and use, to provide reasonable recommendations for the production of practice.Key words: fungicides; carbendazim; pleurotus ostreatus目录文献综述 (5)1.1平菇的基本特征及其相关研究 (5)1.1.1平菇的基本特征 (5)1. 1.2平菇的营养价值 (5)1. 1.3国内外对平菇栽培的研究现状 (6)1.2平菇生产中杀菌剂的选取 (7)1前言 (7)2 材料与方法 (8)2.1实验材料 (8)2.2实验药品及仪器 (8)2.2.1多菌灵 (8)2.2.2咪鲜胺 (9)2.2.3甲基硫菌灵 (10)2.2.4三种药品的使用信息 (11)2.2.5实验器材 (11)2.3实验方法 (12)3结果与分析 (12)3.1三种杀菌剂对平菇菌丝的影响分析 (12)3.1.1多菌灵对平菇菌丝生长的效果 (13)3.1.2咪酰胺对平菇菌丝生长的效果 (13)3.1.3甲基硫菌灵对平菇菌丝生长的效果 (14)3. 1.4关于三种杀菌剂的使用效果分析 (14)3.2使用三种杀菌剂后菌落的直径及数据分析 (14)3.3不同浓度杀菌剂对平菇菌丝生长的影响 (15)3.3.15种浓度的咪鲜胺培养基中菌落的观察结果 (15)3.3.25种浓度咪鲜胺培养基中菌落的直径数据 (18)3.4实验总结 (19)4参考文献 (21)5谢辞 (23)文献综述1.1平菇的基本特征及相关研究现状1.1.1平菇的基本特征平菇( P l e u r o t u s o s t r e a t u s ) 在真菌分类上属于担子菌纲,伞目,侧耳科,侧耳属,是我国目前栽培最多的4种主要的食用菌( 蘑菇、香菇、草菇、平菇) 之一【1】。
