初中英语 常见习惯用语经典例题50道讲解

初中英语常见习惯用语经典例题50道讲解

由于英语国家的语言习惯与中国的语言习惯有许多不同之处，所以造成了许多同学在做选择或书写，或与人交谈中造成误用中国方式来对英语的问句作解答。例如一个小女孩十分好看，可爱，外国人见到时会讲：You are so beautiful? 这时的答语应该是Thank you? 如果外国人发现你的英语不错，他们会讲：Your English is very good? 这时中国人常常会说：不，我说的不好。这纯是一种礼貌的答语，但是不符合英语习惯。它正确的答语应是Thank you? 虽然交际英语有一些规律可讲，但更重要的是学习外国的生活习惯，了解他们的文化背景，历史渊源，这样才能真正的学好一门外语。??

（二）正误辨析

［误］- What can I do for you?

- Yes，please help me

［正］- What can I do for you?

- I'd like to buy a sweater.

［析］What can I do for you? 这一问语实际上用于的情景很多，要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：您想要点什么?在其他场合也可以被译为：我能为您做些什么?它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。

［误］- Which colour do you like?

- Sorry，I don't like.

［正］- Which colour do you like?

- I prefer blue.

［析］由which 来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择，而不能泛指，泛泛的回答。如Yes，I like it.

［误］Do you like to come with us tonight?

［正］Would you like to come with us tonight?

［析］Do you like … 问的是对方的习惯，如：Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而would you like … 则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请的英语表达法还有如下几种：.

Shall we go? 我们走吧!.

Let's go? 让我们走吧!.

How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何?

What about a cup of coffee? 喝杯咖啡如何?

Why not buy it? 为什么不买呢?

其肯定答语一般为Certainly，Yes，OＫ．All right，With pleasure?

［误］Sorry，I've kept you waiting.

Not at all.

［正］Sorry，I've kept you waiting.

Never mind.

［析］"介意不介意"这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如：.

- Do you mind my smoking here?.- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

Ａ．Yes，do it please?.

Ｂ．No，of course not.

Ｃ．Yes，take it please.

Ｄ．No，you can't take it?.

这时正确的选择应是B。其意为：不介意，当然不。而A选项则自相矛盾了，它应译为：是的我介意，请抽吧。而D选项是：不介意，你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时，可以有以下问法：

Do you mind if I open the door?

Would you mind mailing the letter for me?

其答语如果是同意应为：Certainly not，not at all?

而不同意时应为Yes，或I'm sorry??

［误］What's that man?

He is Mike.

［正］What's that man??

He is a teacher? ?

［正］Who's that man?

He is Mike (He is Mike's father)

［析］由what 提问是问的职业，由who 提问问的是姓名或身份。

［误］- How much are they?- Half a kilo，please?

［正］- How many bananas do you want?Half a kilo? Please?

［析］How much are they? 问的是价格而不是实际物品的多少。

［误］I'm sorry，but is this the way to the park?

［正］Excuse me，but is this the way to the park?

［析］I'm sorry 是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而Excuse me? 是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。

［误］- Have a good time tonight!

- You are the same.

［正］- Have a good time tonight!

- The same to you.

［析］The same to you 是表达我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚，它是美语中的习惯用法。

［误］- What's the problem?

- I've got a headache.

［正］What's wrong with you?

I've got a headache.

［析］What's wrong with you? 是询问对方身体状态如何，而What's the problem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。

［误］- Now，I'm back? Can I play?

- Perhaps? You'd better do your homework first?

［正］- Now，I'm back? Can I play?

- I'm afraid not? You'd better do your homework first?

［析］Perhaps 是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论，如：Am I right? Perhaps?而I'm afraid not? 则表达一种不同意的态度。be afraid 的几种用法有：

I'm afraid that you are right?

其后直接加宾语从句。

- Will you come to my birthday party?

- I'm afraid not? I have to go to see my father? He is in hospital?

其后＋not，表示否定。

- Sorry，I don't want to go there alone，I'm afraid of the dog?