特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意
第07讲特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

第07讲特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句1.掌握特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的基本构成及重点用法;2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。
1. 疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,疑问词就是引导词,这时疑问词不可省略,而且宾语从句要用陈述语序,即"疑问词+主语+谓语+其他"。
►I wonder what I should do next. 我想知道下一步我该做什么。
【警示】宾语从句的标点要根据主句的句子类型来确定。
当主句是陈述句时,句末通常用句点;当主句是疑问句时,句末通常用问号。
2. 含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句。
(1)若主句的主语与从句的主语一致,则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成"疑问词+动词不定式"的复合结构。
►I don’t know how I should do it next.=I don’t know how to do it next. 我不知道下一步应该怎样做。
(2)当主句谓语动词是see, hear, watch等时,其后的that从句常简化为"宾语+动词原形/动词-ing形式"。
►I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now. I saw some boys playing basketball on the playground just now.刚才我看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。
(3)当主句的谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等,且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时,其后以that引导的宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。
►He agreed that he could help me with my English. He agreed to help me with my English.宾语从句除由引导词that,if/whether引导外还可由what,which,whom,when等引导。
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句1.掌握特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的基本构成及重点用法;2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。
1. 疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,疑问词就是引导词,这时疑问词不可省略,而且宾语从句要用陈述语序,即"疑问词+主语+谓语+其他"。
►I wonder what I should do next. 我想知道下一步我该做什么。
【警示】宾语从句的标点要根据主句的句子类型来确定。
当主句是陈述句时,句末通常用句点;当主句是疑问句时,句末通常用问号。
2. 含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句。
(1)若主句的主语与从句的主语一致,则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成"疑问词+动词不定式"的复合结构。
►I don’t know how I should do it next.=I don’t know how to do it next. 我不知道下一步应该怎样做。
(2)当主句谓语动词是see, hear, watch等时,其后的that从句常简化为"宾语+动词原形/动词-ing形式"。
►I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now. I saw some boys playing basketball on the playground just now.刚才我看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。
(3)当主句的谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等,且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时,其后以that引导的宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。
►He agreed that he could help me with my English. He agreed to help me with my English.宾语从句除由引导词that,if/whether引导外还可由what,which,whom,when等引导。
【吃透语法】特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句一、宾语从句的连接词特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时,从句的连接词由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。
特殊疑问句的疑问词通常有疑问代词what, which, who, whose和疑问副词where, when, why, how等。
Show me what you have written. 把你所写的给我看看。
I don’t know whose dictionary it is. 我不知道这是谁的词典。
【典例精析】改为宾语从句(2013 上海中考)“Who is responsible for the food safety problem?”asked the reporter.The reporter asked _____ ______ responsible for the food safety problem.【点拨】who was二、宾语从句的语序特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句,从句都是用“连词+陈述句语序的句子”,句末是否用问号由主句来定。
主句是陈述句时,句末用句号;主句是疑问句时,句末用问号。
Can you tell me where the drugstore is? 你能告诉我药店在哪儿吗?He asked who could answer these questions. 他问谁能回答这些问题。
【典例精析】例1(2013 天津中考)—I don’t know ______.—Because he has to look after his mother.A. why he is leavingB. why is he leavingC. whether he is leavingD. whether is he leaving【点拨】A 考查宾语从句。
宾语从句中应使用陈述语序,由此可排除B、D两项;由答语“因为他不得不照顾他妈妈”可知,空格处问的是他为什么离开。
宾语从句用法全解以及应注意要点(精华)

例句:He talks as if he has known all about it.
(三)连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是:see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。
例句:We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week
直接与or not连用时
例句:I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time.
只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句
if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”
当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
五.宾语从句的特点宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义,不充当句子成份,多数情况下可以省略。
whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句,但 whether后可紧跟or not;whether从句可作介词的宾语。 如果从句太长,可以用形式宾语it.
应注意的要点
宾语从句中连接词的用法

宾语从句中连接词的用法以下是宾语从句连接词的用法:一、that基本用法:1. 陈述句作宾语从句时,用 that 引导,that 在句中无意义,在口语或非正式文体中常被省略。
例句:I think (that) he is a good student. (我认为他是个好学生。
)2. 当宾语从句表示客观真理、自然现象、科学原理等时,用 that 引导,that 不可省略。
例句:The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. (老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
)固定搭配:There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……例句:There is no doubt that he will come. (毫无疑问他会来。
)二、if / whether基本用法:1. 一般疑问句作宾语从句时,用 if 或 whether 引导,意为“是否”。
例句:I wonder if / whether she will come. (我想知道她是否会来。
)2. if 和 whether 在引导宾语从句时,大多数情况下可以互换,但在以下情况中只能用 whether:- 与 or not 连用。
例句:I don't know whether or not he will come. (我不知道他是否会来。
)- 在介词后。
例句:It depends on whether he is ready. (这取决于他是否准备好了。
)- 位于句首。
例句:Whether he will come, I'm not sure. (他是否会来,我不确定。
)固定搭配:whether... or... 是……还是……例句:I don't know whether he is at home or at school. (我不知道他在家还是在学校。
)三、连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which基本用法:1. 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,用连接代词引导,这些连接代词在宾语从句中充当一定的成分。
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句⼀、由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗?I can't imagine why he did that thing.我不能想像他为什么做了那件事。
注意:(1)由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序,故⽽在从句中它变成了陈述语序。
请看下列两组句⼦:How much does this coat cost? ——I want to know how much this coat costs.Where did you go yesterday? ——Please tell me where you went yesterday.(2)当疑问代词what,who在特殊疑问句中做主语时,该特殊疑问句本⾝就是陈述句语序,所以当该句⽤来做宾语时,语序不需要调整。
例如:What's wrong with you? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was wrong with her.What's the matter? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was the matter.What has happened to him? ——We want to know what has happened to him.⼩试⽜⼑:1. I said to her. Where did you go during the holiday?2.Mr.Ding asked . What did you do during the holiday?⼆、语从句的时态1.若主句为⼀般现在时或⼀般将来时,则从句的时态不限可视句⼦意义使⽤所需要的任何时态。
特殊疑问句作宾语从句

特殊疑问句作宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句(一)连接词。
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时不需要再加连接词,疑问词就是连接词,并且不能省略。
e.g.I ask. What are you doing now?I ask what you are doing now?我问你现在在干什么?(二)词序。
用陈述句的词序,与一般疑问句变宾语从句时基本相同,为什么说基本相同呢?这是因为特殊疑问句有两种词序。
(1)疑问词+一般疑问句。
①Do you know? Who does he often go there with?Do you know who he often goes there with ?你知道他经常和谁一起去那儿吗?②I don't know. Whom should you depend on?I don’t know whom you should depend o n.我不知道你该依靠谁。
③This book will show you. What do the best CEOs know?This book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁了解些什么。
④Have you determined? Which should you buy, a Nokia walkie-talkie or Notorola cellphone? Have you determined which you should buy, a Nokia walkie-talkie or Motorola cellphone?你决定好买诺基亚的无线话机呢还是买摩托罗拉手机?⑤He didn't tell me. When will we meet again?He didn’t tell me when we would meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。
宾语从句用法全解以及应注意要点(精华)

英语中的连接代词有:who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。
例句:Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?
英语中的连接副词有:when,where,why,how,在句中担任状语的成分。
例句:None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省。
例句:Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.
当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
五.宾语从句的特点宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if
代词:who, whose, what ,which
副词:when ,where, how, why 等。
(一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)
可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:
say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
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特殊疑问句变宾语从
句五注意
Revised on November 25, 2020
一、在引导词上,要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词,引导宾语从句。
如:
Whose bike is thisDoes anybody know→ Does anybody know whose bike this is 二、宾语从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。
如:
When the train will arriveHe asked me.→ He asked me when the train would arrive.
三、在语序上,要将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。
如:
Which one do you like bestShe askedme.→She asked me which one I liked best.【注意】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是do/does/did,变为宾语从句时,要先将其去掉,谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。
四、特殊疑问词在句中作主语,变为宾语从句时语序不变(时态应作相应变化)。
如:
Who can answer the questionThe teacher asked.→The teacher asked who could answer the question.
五、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后,用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式:如主句为陈述句、祈使句,句末就用句号;如主句是疑问句,句末就用问号。
如:
I don't know when we shall start tomorrow.
Do you know when we shall start tomorrow。