大学外贸英语期末考试a
对外经济贸易大学20072008学年第一学期《国际贸易》期末考试试卷a卷
对外经济贸易大学2007─2008学年第一学期《国际贸易》期末考试试卷（A卷）课程代码及课序号：ITR 301-0学号： 姓 名： 成 绩：班级： 课序号： 任课教师：题号一二三四五合计得分I. Briefly answer the following questions.(20 points) Grade1. What were the pillars of Mercantilist thought? Why was regulation of theeconomy so important for the Mercantilists? (10 points)2. Explain how classical economists- David Hume and Adam Smith, had challengedMercantilist ideas. (10 points)II. The following question will test your understanding Adam Smith’s theory ofabsolute advantage. (30 points) GradeThe table below shows the hours of labor required to produce on unit of eachcommodity in each country:Clothing WheatUnited States 3 hours 9 hoursUnited Kingdom 4 hours 4 hours1. Which country has an absolute advantage in wheat? Explain why. (3 points)2. Which country has an absolute advantage in cloth? Explain why. (3 points)3. If trade takes place between the United States and the United Kingdom at a barterprice of 1 clothing for 2 wheat(or 1 wheat for 1/2 clothing ), why does each countrygain from trade? Explain. (5 points)4. Suppose the United Kingdom has 500 hours of labor available. Prior to trade, thecountry is using 300 of those labor hours to produce clothing and remaining 200labor hours to produce wheat. How much wheat and how much clothing will theUnited Kingdom be producing in this Pre-trade situation? (5 points)5. Now suppose the United Kingdom enters into international trade with (or 1 wheatfor 1/2 clothing). The United Kingdom devotes all its labor hours to clothingproduction and hence produces 125 units of clothing and 0 units of wheat , Explainwhy this is so .Suppose the country exports 40C (and therefore receives 80W in exchange)and keeps the remaining 85C for its own consumption, What will be theUK consumption of wheat and clothing in the trading situation? By how much hasthe United Kingdom, because of trade, been able to increase its consumption ofwhet and its consumption of clothing? (5 points)6. Now suppose the United States has 600 hours of labor available and that. Prior totrade, it is using 330 of those labor hours for producing wheat and the remaining270 hours of labor for producing clothing. How much wheat and how muchclothing will the United States be producing in this pre-trade situation? (5 points)7. Assume that trade between the UK and the United States takes place as in Question5 above. With trade, the United States devotes all of its labor hours to wheatproduction and produces 200 units of wheat. Consistent with the United Kingdom’strade in Question 5 above the United States then exports 80W and imports 40C.What will be the U.S consumption of wheat and clothing in the trading situation?By how much has the United States, Because of trade. Been able to increase its consumption of wheat and its consumption of clothing? Looking at your answers toQuestion 5 above, can you conclude that trade is indeed a positive-sum game? Whyand why not? (4 points)III. The export condition can indicate if a country is a potential exporter of agood. Suppose there are two countries (country I and country II )in a tradingworld . (16 points) Grade1. Please write down this export condition for country I exporting commodity j.(8 points)2. Discuss how changes in wage rates, productivity and exchange rate may affect thecountry’s ability to export. (8 points)IV.Consider the following labor requirements: (18 points) GradeShoes Wine4hours/pair Italy 6hours/pairspain 8hours/pair4hours/pair 1. Why is there a basis for trade? (6points)2. With trade, Italy should export and Spain should export ,because . (4 points)3. The international terms of trade must lie between and . (4 points)4. If the wage rate in Italy is 4 lire/hour, the wage rate in Spain is 3.5 pesetas/hour andthe exchange rate ins 1 peseta/1 lire, what are the commodity terms of trade?(4 points)V. Please briefly describe five types of ideal trade policies. (16 points) Grade。
外贸英语 (A)试卷答案
外贸英语（A）I Tick off the ones that fit the sentences best (1point *15, 15points)1Mr. Jim hedges is _________to us ________the general manager of the Austin Advertising Agency.A. represented, withB. introduced, asC. presented , atD. introduced, in (B)2 If you are interested, a sample lot will be sent to you _________charge.A. withinB. atC. outD. free of (D)3 As the prices quoted are exceptionally low and likely to rise, we would _________you to place your order ___________delay.A. advise, withoutB. suggest, inC. advise, out ofD. suggest, of (A)4 We are in receipt of your letter ____________March 21.A. datedB. onC. be datedD. at (A)5 We are regretful that nothing you required ____________is available _______stockA. for, inB. about, forC. off, atD. concerning, from (A)6 Although we appreciate the quality of your goods, we are sorry to say that your price appears to be _____________.A. of the high standardB. in the high endC. on the high sideD. at the high level (C)7 I hope you would let us have your most ____________firm offers.A. favoriteB. favorC. unfavorable D favorable (D)8 We think the above changes will _________you and hope you will confirm above changes by telex.A. be agreeable toB. be agree atC. be agreefulD. be agree on (A)9 The goods under contract No. 7210 left here _____________.A. in the good conditionB. in a good conditionC. in good conditionD. in good conditions (C)10. Please make necessary preparations so that we ___________of the goods smoothly.A. make shipB. can shipC. can take deliveryD. delivery ( C)11. We should be much ____________if you would inform us of the number of the L/C you have opened.A. obligeB. satisfiedC. obligedD. pleased ( C)12. They made a _______________on us for inferior quality.A. communicationB. discountC. referenceD. claim (D)13. This rule is only ____________to marine insurance.A. suitedB. applicableC. appropriateD. fixed (B)14. We will request our bank to open an L/C _________upon receipt of your confirmation of this order.A. with youB. in your favorC. for youD. for your account ( B)15. Our contract stipulates that payment should be made by irrevocable L/C payable by sight draft, so you must act _________.A. in advanceB. advanceC. accordingD. accordingly (D)II Fill in the blanks with appropriate words and then translate the sentence into Chinese. (filling blank: 0.5 point /each, sentence translation: 2 points, total 20 points)1 Please try your best to push the sale ________ machine tools ________your end. ( for, at ) 32 To trade _______ the people of all countries _________ the basis ________equality and mutual benefit is our established policy ( with, on, of) 3.53 Owing ________ the delay _______the part of the suppliers, we must ask you to ______the date of shipment from September 10th to October 10th. (to, on , extent) 3.54 Our terms _______payment are _________ irrevocable letter of credit, on which we have agreed during negotiation. (of, by) 35 Would you please draw ___________us ________sight for the above mentionedamount? (on, at) 36 Please see to ______ (注意到)that the above –mentioned goods are shipped _______(左右)15th. May and insured ____________War risk ____________110% of invoice value.(it, on or about, against, for) 4III. Translate the following into English ( 2 points each , 20 points total)1. 取消定单cacel an order2. 通知行advising bank 3 . 跟单信用证documentary L/C4 优惠价格favorable price 5. 实盘firm offer 6. 承兑交单D/A document against acceptance7. 即期信用证sight L/C 8 付款条件terms of payment 9.撤回索赔withdraw a claim10.清洁海运提单clean on board bill of ladingIV. Business letter writing (3 * 15, 45 points total)1敬启者:你5月15日的来函收悉。
外贸英语函电期末考卷答案版
外贸英语函电期末考卷答案版（考试时间：90分钟，满分：100分）一、选择题（10题，每题2分，共20分）1. 在外贸英语函电中，关于建立业务关系的常用表达是：A. We are interested in your products and wish to establish business relations with you.B. We are sorry to inform you that we cannot establish business relations with you.C. We have received your products and wish to establish business relations with you.D. We have terminated our business relations with you.A. send the sampleB. send for the sampleC. send out the sampleD. send off the sample3. 在外贸英语函电中，关于报价的常用表达是：A. We would like to offer you our best price.B. We are unable to offer you our best price.C. We have received your offer and find it unacceptable.D. We have accepted your offer and look forward to further cooperation.A. letter of creditB. credit letterC. credit cardD. letter of guarantee5. 在外贸英语函电中，关于订单确认的常用表达是：A. We confirm the order as per your terms and conditions.B. We regret to inform you that we cannot confirm the order.C. We have received your order and will process it immediately.D. We have cancelled your order due to unforeseen circumstances.A. shipmentB. transportC. deliveryD. distribution7. 在外贸英语函电中，关于索赔的常用表达是：A. We wish to claim for the damage of the goods.B. We refuse to accept your claim for the damage of the goods.D. We have received your claim and will investigate the matter immediately.二、填空题（10题，每题2分，共20分）8. ________ is a written document issued a buyer to a seller, authorizing the seller to transport goods to a specified destination.9. The term ________ refers to the process of sending goods from the seller to the buyer.10. In international trade, ________ is a widely used payment method to ensure the seller receives payment and the buyer receives the goods as agreed.11. When a buyer receives defective goods, they may filea ________ against the seller.12. The ________ is responsible for arranging the transportation of goods and ensuring they are delivered to the buyer.13. In a sales contract, the ________ clause specifies the terms and conditions of the shipment.14. The ________ is a document issued the carrier, acknowledging receipt of the goods for transportation.15. ________ insurance provides coverage for loss or damage to goods during international transportation.三、翻译题（5题，每题4分，共20分）四、简答题（5题，每题6分，共30分）21. 简述外贸英语函电中建立业务关系的常用表达。
《进出口英语函电》期末试卷(A)
1 绍兴文理学院元培学院2013学年02学期 英语专业11级《进出口英语函电》期末试卷（A ）考试形式：闭卷Part I Translate the following terms into English or Chinese: (20%)（每题1分） 1. additional risks 2. validity extension 3. freight collect 4. standing order 5. size specification 6. neutral packing 7. production sample 8. snake loading 9. purchase confirmation 10. countersign 11. 订单12. 适合海运的包装 13. 数量折扣 14. 正本提单 15. 即期付款交单 16. 续订单 17. 装运须知 18. 短装 19. 汇率 20. 押金Part II Complete the word with the first letter given in each sentence.（10%）（每题1分）1. With r_____ to your inquiry of March 10, we are pleased to quote without e______ as follows.2. If you decide to take a_____ of our offer, please cable your acceptance.3. All quotation are s______ to our final confirmation.4. We are a_______ your early reply.5. We take p______ in making you , as per your r______, the following offer.6. Thank you for your enquiry of May 5, requesting our o_____ for bags.7. We expect the s_____ of the goods to arrive in a few days.8. The offer is f_____, subject to your reply reaching us within one week. 9. We shall be o______ if you can adopt our terms.10. Our shipment terms are shipment with 30 days after r_______ of workable L/C.Part III Translate the following sentences: (30%) (每句3分） 1．关于所附的这种型号，我们的目标价位是每台9.5美元。
外贸英语试题a及答案
外贸英语试题a及答案外贸英语试题A及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the most common mode of payment in international trade?A. Cash on deliveryB. Letter of CreditC. ConsignmentD. Barter2. Which of the following is not a term of international trade?A. FOBB. CIFC. EXWD. COD3. What does "CIF" stand for?A. Cost, Insurance and FreightB. Cost, Insurance and Freight to the PortC. Cost, Insurance, and Freight to the Port of DestinationD. Cost, Insurance, Freight, and Commission4. In which situation would a seller be most likely to use a Letter of Credit?A. When the buyer is a well-known company with a good reputationB. When the buyer is a new customer with no established credit historyC. When the buyer prefers to pay in cashD. When the buyer is in the same country as the seller5. What is the meaning of "T/T" in international trade?A. Trade TermsB. TelecommunicationC. Transfer of TitleD. Telegraphic Transfer6. The term "L/C" refers to:A. Land CertificateB. Letter of CreditC. License CertificateD. Legal Contract7. Which of the following is a document required for export?A. Bill of LadingB. Purchase OrderC. InvoiceD. All of the above8. What does "B/L" stand for?A. Bill of LoadingB. Bill of LandingC. Bill of LadingD. Bill of Lading and Landing9. The term "D/P" in international trade refers to:A. Document against PaymentB. Direct PaymentC. Discounted PaymentD. Draft Payment10. Which of the following is not a risk associated with international trade?A. Currency fluctuationB. Political instabilityC. Quality of goodsD. Market demand答案：1. B2. D3. A4. B5. D6. B7. D8. C9. A 10. D二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. The term "EXW" means the buyer takes over the goods at the seller's premises, and the _______ is responsible for all the costs and risks from that point.2. When a seller agrees to "FOB" terms, it means the goods are considered delivered when they pass over the ship's rail at the port of _______.3. A "Proforma Invoice" is a document that serves as a preliminary invoice, providing details of the goods, agreed prices, and _______ terms.4. The "B/L" is a contract of carriage between the shipper and the carrier, which is evidence of the receipt of goodsfor transportation and specifies the terms of the _______. 5. The "L/C" is a document issued by a bank at the request of the buyer, which guarantees payment to the seller upon fulfillment of the _______ terms.6. When a buyer requests "D/P" terms, it means that thedocuments will be released to the buyer only upon receipt of the _______.7. The "CIF" term includes the cost of the goods, insurance, and all transportation costs to the _______ port of destination.8. The risk of loss or damage to the goods passes from the seller to the buyer when the goods have been delivered on board the vessel, which is referred to as "passing of_______."9. The "T/T" payment method is often used for smaller transactions where the buyer and seller have a good business relationship and trust each other, allowing for a quick and _______ payment method.10. In international trade, "COD" stands for "Cash on Delivery," which means the buyer pays for the goods in cash upon _______.答案：1. seller2. shipment3. payment4. carriage5. credit6. payment7. named8. risk9. convenient 10. delivery三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a Letter of Credit in international trade transactions?2. Explain the difference between "FOB" and "CIF" terms in international trade.3. What is the purpose of a Bill of Lading, and why is it considered a crucial document in international trade?4. Describe the process of a typical international trade transaction from the perspective of the seller。
外贸英文函电期末考试复习题及参考答案-专升本
外贸英文函电期末考试复习题及参考答案-专升本《外贸英文函电》复习题AⅠ.Fill in the following blanks with appropriate prepositions.1. The middleman receives a commission ______ 5%.2. To trade _____ the people of all countries _____ the basis of equality and mutual benefit is our established policy.3. Please make sure that the stipulations in the L/C are _____ exact accordance _____ the terms of the Sales Contract.4.Our foreign trade policy is based ______ equality and ______ our mutual benefit．5. We prefer payment by D/P ______ draft at 60-day's sight6. _____ view of the long-standing business relations _____ us , we wish to settles this dispute amicably．7._____ orders _____ 500 pieces or more , we give a special discount ____ 2%.8. Insurance will cover All Risks and War Risk for 10% _____ the total invoice value.9. We trust the mentioned shipment will reach you ______ sound condition．10. We are glad that in the past few years, ______ joint efforts, we have greatly promoted both business and friendship11. I'd like to direct your attention ______ the quality ______ the goods which is superior_____ that of other makes.12. We refer _____ your offer _____ 16th March.13.If you could make a reduction ___10% ______ quotation ,we have confidence___ securing large order ___ you.14.Thank you _____ your quotation _____ October 8th ___ 1000 pieces _____ the captioned goods.15. Please be assured _____ our attention _____ your order.16. _____ request of your previous letter, we enclose our Sales17. If you could make a reduction ____ 10% ___ quotation ,we have confidence ____ securing large orders ____ you.18. The letter of credit has been opened ____ your favor.19. Thank you ___ your quotation ____ October 8th ___ 1,000 pieces ____ captionedgoods.20. We offer you 300 cartons ____ candle ___ US$3 ____ carton _____ the usual terms. Ⅱ.Choose the best answer from A, B, C andD.1..An offer may be made in reply to ___or made voluntarily with a view to expanding business.A. bidB. counter-offerC. inquiryD. counter-counter-offer2.When the seller receives the buyer’s counter-offer, and he finds some terms and conditions unacceptable to him, he will state his own opinions in a letter, which is called as_____A. bidB. offerC. inquiryD. counter-counter-offer3. _____ refers to signing a document which has been signed by the counterpart.A. “Countersign”B. “Sign”C. “write”D. “rewrite”4.In order to start a concrete transaction between us , we takepleasure in making you a special offer , ___our final confirmation.A. under the conditionB. in respect toC. subject toD. with reference to5.If a new firm , or ____ a certain corporation of ours ,wishes to open up a market to sell something to or buy something from firms in foreign countries ,the person in charge must first of all find out____ he is going to deal with .A. rather…whomB. such…asC. such…thatD. as…whom6.An offer made by the buyer is usually called as _____.A. inquiryB. offerC. bidD. order7.____ is a promise to supply goods on the terms and conditions stated.A. An offerB.A bidC. An inquiryD.A reply8.An order is a request to supply a specified quantity of goods, which may result from ____or ___with subsequent quotations.A. an offer…a bidB. an offer…an inquiryB. C. a bid…a counter-offer D. a counter-offer…a counter-offer9.A contract is an agreement , enforceable by law,____ two parties mutually agree to carry out a trade ___after negotiation or exchanges of correspondence.。
大学外贸英语期末考试 a
镇江高等专科学校2007—2008学年第二学期期末考试试卷级专业外贸英语试卷（A卷）命题尹昕审核审批班级学号姓名Part One. Translate the following into English（10×1ˊ=10ˊ）Example: 牛市bull market1. 初级产品2. 资本货物3. 零售贸易4. 保付商行5. 期货市场6. 进口订货行7. 报关代理行8. 首席战略家9. 清洁提单10. 存货控制Part Two. What do the following abbreviations stand for（10×1ˊ=10ˊ）Example: WTO World Trade Organization1. G. O. B2. GATT3.GDP4. F. A. Q5. NGO6. CEO7. CIF 8. IPO9. EU 10.ERMPart Three. True or False （10×1ˊ=10）1.The economic prosperity of individual countries has nothing to do with the economic prosperity in the world as a whole. ( )2. The relative size of trade is often measured by comparing the size of a country ’s exports with its gross national product. ( )3. Advertising aims to make a product or service known to the public in order to sell it.( )4. Immediate deliery is known as a future contract.( )5. A open indent is one which names the supplier of the goods required.( )6. It is a kind of knowledge to know where to find information upon a subject.( )7. The Financial Times in UK caters for general public.( )8. Hotel, transport, storage and insurance all belong to trade in services. ( )9. The EU is one of the largest economic entities in the world. ( )10.Hedging is an operation adopted by merchants and others in the commodity markets who deal in futures to protect themselves against risk of loss, causedby future changes in price.( )Part Four. Complete each sentence with the best choice （10×1ˊ=10）1. At localization has led many central governments to grant political, fiscal, and administrative powers to local goverments.a. the national levelb. the subnational levelc. sea leveld. the supranational level2. Which is true?a. Globalization and localization are indeed countervailing forces.b. Globalization and localization are not countervailing forces, but they do not stem from the same source.c. Globalization and localization do not stem from the same source, neither dothey reinforce each other.d. Globalization and localization seem to be countervailing forces, but actually they are not.3. Terms like F.A.Q or G .M.Q have exact meanings, established by associations of over several hundreds of years.a. importersb. exportersc. dealers.d. agents4. The Wall Street Journal is published in .a. Britainb. Canadac. the United Statesd. HongKong5. The international economic order is evolving into a highly intergrated and electronicallya. cubic systemb. automatic systemc. philosophical systemd. networked system6. Development economics was born after .a. The First World Warb.The second World Warc. The Great Depressiond. The Millenium7. Tea and wool and certain spices cannot be accurately .a. namedb. labeledc. classifiedd. graded8. A buyer may place a closed indent which names the .a. importerb. agentc. supplierd. principal9. Raw materials can be bought and sold under a standard description and according to standard contract terms developed by .a. the stock exchangeb. the commodity exchangesc. the merchandising housesd. the customs10. We have the taking immediate legal action to recover the amount to us.a. action forb. option ofc. option withd. function onPart Five Translate the following passage into Chinese ( 10+5 =15)1. ( 10’ )A letter of credit is a very important document in international trade. It is safe and convenient for the seller, who is sure to receive payment. It is also helpful to the buyer, because the seller must carry out his instructions.The buyer asks hisbank to issue the letter ofcredit. The bank writes to its agent or correspondent bank in the seller ’s country. The letter of credit will ask the seller to hand the bill of lading, copies of the commercial invoice, and the insurance certificate or policy to the negotiating bank. A letter of credit which demands this is called a documentary letter of credit.2. Some commodites cannot be accurately graded because the quality varies from year to year, and from consignment to consignment. These have to be sold on a tale quale basis. The buyer has to inspect a consignment for himself and then make an offer according to his own judgement of the quality.( 5 )Part Six. Translate the following sentences into English ( 5+10+10 =25 )1. 通常的信用证要求提交“凭托运人指示的空白背书的全套已装船海运提单”(5)2.对外直接投资增长的一个主要原因是派生需求(derived demand)的增长。
《外贸英语函电》期末试题-A(含答案)
《外贸英语函电》试题册（A卷）开卷（）闭卷（）考试时长：120分钟使用班级：命题教师：主任签字:I. Match the English words and phrases in the left column with their Chinese translation in the right column.将左列的英语单词表达与右列相应的中文表达连线。
（每题1分，共10分）1.REGESTERED A.分批装运2.confirmed letter of credit B.保险费3.counter-offer C.侵权4.processing according to supplied samples D.保兑信用证5.in duplicate E.挂号6.irrevocable L/C F.来样加工7.partial shipment G.请回复8.premium H.还盘9.infringement I.一式两份10.R.S.V.P J.不可撤销信用证II. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F as your answer. 判断以下句子的正误，答案用T或F表示。
（每题2分，共10分）1.In business letter writing, you should use straightforward, simple and appropriate English in correctsentence structures to convey your meaning, avoiding ambiguous language and misunderstanding.2.When writing a reply to a letter seeking cooperation, one should not indicate clearly whether he acceptsthe proposal or not.3. A firm offer, once accepted, cannot be withdrawn or revised within the validity date.4.To avoid mistakes or misunderstanding in terms of trade, it’s necessary and important to send lettersconfirming purchase or sales.5.Collection can be divided into clear collection and documentary collection.III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. 用给出词的正确形式填空。
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大学外贸英语期末考试a Newly compiled on November 23, 2020镇 江 高 等 专 科 学 校2007—2008学年第二学期期末考试试卷级 专业 外贸英语 试卷（A 卷）命题 尹昕 审核审批 班级 学号 姓名Part One. Translate the following into English （10×1ˊ=10ˊ）Example: 牛市 bull market1. 初级产品2. 资本货物3. 零售贸易4. 保付商行5. 期货市场6. 进口订货行7. 报关代理行 8. 首席战略家9. 清洁提单 10. 存货控制Part Two. What do the following abbreviations stand for （10×1ˊ=10ˊ） Example: WTO World Trade Organization1. G. O. B2. GATT 4. F. A. Q5. NGO6. CEO7. CIF8. IPO9. EUPart Three. True or False （10×1ˊ=10）economic prosperity of individual countries has nothing to do with the economic prosperity in the world as a whole. ( )2. The relative size of trade is often measured by comparing the size of acountry ’s exports with its gross national product. ( )3. Advertising aims to make a product or service known to the public in order to sell it.( )4. Immediate deliery is known as a future contract.( )5. A open indent is one which names the supplier of the goods required.( )6. It is a kind of knowledge to know where to find information upon a subject. ( )7. The Financial Times in UK caters for general public.( )8. Hotel, transport, storage and insurance all belong to trade in services. ( )9. The EU is one of the largest economic entities in the world. ( )is an operation adopted by merchants and others in the commodity markets whodeal in futures to protect themselves against risk of loss, caused by futurechanges in price.( )Part Four. Complete each sentence with the best choice （10×1ˊ=10）1. At localization has led many central governments to grant political, fiscal, and administrative powers to local goverments.a. the national levelb. the subnational levelc. sea leveld. the supranational level2. Which is truea. Globalization and localization are indeed countervailing forces.b. Globalization and localization are not countervailing forces, but they do not stem from the same source.c. Globalization and localization do not stem from the same source, neither do they reinforce each other.d. Globalization and localization seem to be countervailing forces, but actually they are not.3. Terms like or have exact meanings, established by associations of over several hundreds of years.a. importersb. exportersc. dealers.d. agents 4. The Wall Street Journal is published in .a. Britainb. Canadac. the United Statesd. HongKong5. The international economic order is evolving into a highly intergrated andelectronicallya. cubic systemb. automatic systemc. philosophical systemd. networked system 6. Development economics was born after .a. The First World Warsecond World Warc. The Great Depressiond. The Millenium 7. Tea and wool and certain spices cannot be accurately .a. namedb. labeledc. classifiedd. graded 8. A buyer may place a closed indent which names the .a. importerb. agentc. supplierd. principal9. Raw materials can be bought and sold under a standard description and according to standard contract terms developed by .a. the stock exchangeb. the commodity exchangesc. the merchandising housesd. the customs 10. We have the taking immediate legal action to recover the amount to us. a. action for b. option of c. option with d. function onPart Five Translate the following passage into Chinese ( 10+5 =15)1. ( 10’ )A letter of credit is a very important document in international trade. It is safe and convenient for the seller, who is sure to receive payment. It is alsohelpful to the buyer, because the seller must carry out his buyer asks his bank to issue the letter of credit. The bank writes to its agent or correspondent bank in the seller ’s country. The letter of credit will ask the seller to hand the bill of lading, copies of the commercial invoice, and the insurance certificate or policy to the negotiating bank. A letter of credit which demands this is called a documentary letter of credit.2. Some commodites cannot be accurately graded because the quality varies from year to year, and from consignment to consignment. These have to be sold on a tale quale basis. The buyer has to inspect a consignment for himself and then make an offer according to his own judgement of the quality.( 5 )Part Six. Translate the following sentences into English ( 5+10+10 =25 )1. 通常的信用证要求提交“凭托运人指示的空白背书的全套已装船海运提单”(5)2.对外直接投资增长的一个主要原因是派生需求(derived demand)的增长。
往往，当大规模的跨国公司移至海外时，他们相当感兴趣的是与其它公司保持业已建立起来的业务关系。
因此，他们鼓励其货源供应商为其继续提供货源，如果在国外有货源供应地也维持不变。
(10)3. 关税和非关税壁垒是全球范围内不断引起争论和对抗的话题。
主要国家定期参加细致而旷日持久的谈判以减少贸易壁垒。