英语专业八级改错(终稿版)
专业八级54篇改错练习与答案解析
可可英语专八改错练习第一期About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1 pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking University. ____2The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Center s for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high risk categories. ____6 The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than two years apart.____10第二期'Home, sweet home" is a phrase that express an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the family house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home _____1has great importance for many people.This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers of American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house _____2for one's family, and started a farm. These small households were _____3portraits of independence: the entire family- mother, father, children,even grandparents-live in a small house and working together to ___4support each other. Anyone understood the life-and-death importance _____5of family cooperation and hard work. Although most people in the United States no longer live on farms, but the ideal of home ownership _____6is just as strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth. When U.S soldiers came home before World WarⅡ, for example, _____7they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But there was _____8a tremendous boom in home building. The new houses, typically in the suburbs, were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied _____9a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the basis of their way of life._____10第三期We live in a society which there is a lot of talk about science, but I would say _____1that there are not 5 percent of the people who are equipped with school, including college, to understand scientific reasoning. We are more ignorant of science as people _____2with comparable education in Western Europe.There are a lot of kids who know everything about computers—how to build them, how to take them apart, and how to write programs for games. So if you ask _____3them to explain about the rinciples of physics that have gone into creating the _____4computer, you don’t have faintest idea. _____5The failure to understand science leads to such things like the neglect of human _____6creative power. It also takes rise to blurring of the distinction between science and _____7tec hnology. Lots of people don’t differ between the two. Science is the production of _____8new knowledge that can be applied or not, and technology is the application of knowledge to the production of some products, machinery or the like. The two are really different, and people who have the faculty for one very seldom have a faculty for the others. _____9Science in itself is harmless, more or less. But as soon as it can provide technology,it’s not necessarily harmful. No society has yet earned to forecast the consequences of new technology, which can be enormous._____10第四期What is a black hole? Well, it is difficult to answer the question,as the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon __1are adequate here. Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is __2a region of space which matter has fallen and from which nothing can __3escape—not even light. But we can’t see a black hole. A black hole __4exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter. It is only space—or thus we think. How can this happen? __5 The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point; they “collapse” and sometimes a supernova occurs.The collapse of a star may produce a “White Dwarf” of a “neutronstar”—a star which matter is so dense that if continually shrinks by the force of __6its own gravity. But if the star is very large, this process of shrinking may be so intense that a black hole results in. Imagine the earth reduced to the __7size of a marble, but still having the same masses and a stronger __8gravitational pull, and you have some ideas of the force of a black hole. __9And no matter near the black hole is sucked in. __10第五期The great whales are among the most fascinating creatures which __1have ever lived on the earth, and one of them, the blue whale, is the largest. People in ancient times thought whales as fearsome __2monsters of the ocean depths. So to hunt a whale, when one occasionally swam toward shore, he was high adventure. People __3found the adventure was rewarding, too, for the oil and meat from one whale alone could heat and feed a village for a whole winter.Whales resemble huge fish. They were referred by the ancients as __4“great fish,” and any whale beaching along the c oasts of England was designated “the King’s fish” because it automatically belonged to the Crown.Ever since those early times, human have felt whales a sense of __5 wonder mixed with an intense desire to capture, slaughter, and exploit. Now the slaughter has reached alarming proportions. __6Even though some species are protected by the regulations of the International Whaling Commission and theoretically all whale hunting is regulated, but the earth's stock of whales is still being __7depleted. In fact, some scientists worry that 100 years since now __8there may be no whales left. If this happens, mankind will be blame for removing from the earth forever a remarkable and __9awe-inspiring creature that always fed man's imagination and made the world a more exciting place__10第六期We use language every day. We live in a world of words. Hardly any moment passes with someone talking, writing or reading. Indeed, __1languages is most essential to mankind. Our lives increasingly depend on fast and successful use of language. Strangely enough, we know __2more about things around us than on ourselves. For example, language __3is species specific, that is, it is language that differs human from __4animals. However, we do not know yet how exactly we inquire language __5and how it is possible for us to perceive through language; nor we __6understand precisely the combinations between language and thought, __7language and logic, or language and culture; still less, how and when language started. One reason for this inadequate knowledge of language is that we, like language users, take too many things for granted. __8 Language comes to every normal person so naturally that a few __9of us stop to question what language is, much less do we feel the necessity to study it. Language is far more complex than most people have probably imagined and the necessity to study it is far greater than some people may have assured. Linguistic is a branch of science which takes language as its object of investigation.__10第七期Whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years before, you can’t help being strucked by the __1 appearance of the women taking part. Their hair styles and make-up look date; their skirts look either too long or too short__2 ;their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous.The men taking part, on other hand, are clearly recognizable. __3There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entire different age. This illusion is created __4by changing fashions. Over the years, the great minority of men __5have successfully resisted all attempts to make it change their __6style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each year,a fewer so-called top designers in Paris and London lay down __7on the law and women around the world run to obey. The __8decrees of the designers are unpredictable anddictatorial.Sometime they decide arbitrarily, that skirts will be short and __9waists will be height; hips are in and buttons are out. __10 第八期Demographic indicators show that Americans in the post war period were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth rate to a twentieth century height __1after more than a hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom." __2These young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but temporary __3reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a ounger age than their __4Europe counterparts. __5Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women who formed__6families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the divorce rate after a __7postwar peak; their marriages remained intact to a greater extent than did that of __8couples who married in earlier as well as later decades. Since the United States __9maintained its dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in Europe. __10 Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner and homemaker was not abandoned.第九期When you start talking about good and bad manners you immediately startmeeting difficulties. Many people just cannot agree what they mean. We asked alady, who replied that she thought you could tell a well-mannered person on the __1way they occupied the space around them—for example, when such a personwalks down a street he or she is constantly unaware of others. Such people never __2bump into other people.However, a second person thought that this was more a question ofcivilized behavior as good manners. Instead, this other person told us a story, __3it he said was quite well-known, about an American who had been invited __4 to an Arab meal at one of the countries of the Middle East. The American __5hasn't been told very much about the kind of food he might expect. If he had __6known about American food, he might have behaved better. __7Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked, tohim, very much as a napkin. Picking it up, he put it into his collar, so that __8it falls across his shirt. His Arab host, who had been watching, __9said of nothing, but immediately copied the action of his guest. __10And that, said this second person, was a fine example of good manners.第十期A great many cities are experiencing difficulties which are nothing new in the history of cities, except in their scale. Some cities have lost their original purpose and have not found new one. And any large or rich city is __1going to attract poor immigrants, who flood in, filling with hopes of __2prosperity which are then often disappointing. There are backward towns on the edge of Bombay or Brasilia, just as though there were on the edge of __3seventeenth-century London or early nineteenth-century Paris. This is new is __4the scale. Descriptions written by eighteenth-century travelers of the poor of Mexico City, and the enormous contrasts that was to be found there, are very __5 dissimilar to descriptions of Mexico City today—the poor can still be numbered __6in millions.The whole monstrous growth rests on economic prosperity, but behind it lies __7two myths; the myth of the city as a promised land, that attracts immigrants __8from rural poverty and brings it flooding into city centers, and the myth of the __9country as a Garden of Eden, which, a few generations late, sends them flood __10-ing out again to the suburbs.第十一期Artists use caricature to distort the human face or figure for comic affect__1while at the same time capturing an identifiable likeness and suggests the essence __2of the personality or character beneath the surface. The humor lies in the fact __3the caricature is recognizable, and yet exaggerated.From their origin in Europe as witty sketches, caricature grew through __4the eighteenth and nineteenth century, becoming enormously popular in __5the United States early in this century. In 1920s and 1930s especially, this lively form of illustration was appeared in newspapers and __6magazines throughout the country. The caricaturists in this era drew his __7portraits of important figures primary to entertain. In spirit their work was __8close to the humor of the fast-developing comic strip and gag cartoon than to the __9string of political satire. Their subjects were more often amusing than offended __10by amiable attacks.第十二期Most people would describe water like a colorless liquid. They __1would know that in very cold conditions it becomes a solid calledice and that when heating on a fire it becomes a vapor called steam. __2However, water, they would say, is a liquid. We have learned thatwater consists of molecules composed with two atoms of hydrogen __3and one atom of oxygen, which we describe by the formula H2O.This is equally true of the solid called ice and the gas called steam.Chemically there is no difference between the gas, the liquid, andthe solid, all of which is made up of molecules with the formula H2O. __4This is true of other chemical substances; most of them can exist asgases or as liquids or as solids. We may normally think of iron as asolid, but if we will heat it in a furnace, it will melt and become a __5liquid, and at very high temperatures it will become a gas. Nothingvery permanent occurs when a gas changes into a liquid or a solid.Everyone knows that ice, which has been made by freezing water,can be melted again by warmed and that steam can be condensed __6on a cold surface to become liquid water. In fact, it is only becausewater is so a familiar substance that different names are used for __7the solid, liquid and gas. Most substances are only familiar with __8us in one state, because the temperatures requiring to turn them __9into gases are very high, or the temperatures necessary to turn theminto solids are so low. Water is an exception in this respect, whichis another reason why its three states have given three different names. __10第十三期Classic Intention MovementIn social situations, the classic Intention Movement is “the chair-grasp”. Host and guest have been talking for some time, but now the host has an ppointment to keep and can get away. His urge __1to go is held in cheek by his desire not be rude to his guest. If he did __2not care of his guest’s feelings he would simply get up out of his chair __3and to announce his departure. This is what his body wants to do, __4therefore his politeness glues his body to the chair and refuses to let him __5raise. It is at this point that he performs the chair-grasp Intention __6Movement. He continues to talk to the guest and listen to him, but leans forward and grasps the arms of the chair as about to push himself upwards. __7This is the first act he would make if he were rising. If he were not __8hesitating, it would only last the fraction of the second. He would lean, __9push, rise, and be up. But now, instead, it lasts much longer. He holds his “readiness-to-rise” post and keeps on holding it. It is as if his __10body had frozen at the get-ready moment.第十四期The hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric human __1ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing with animal foods __2An analysis of 58 societies of modern hunter-gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed thatone-half emphasize gathering plants foods,one-third concentrate on fishing, and only one-sixth are primarily hunters,Overall, two-thirds and more of the hunter-gatherer’s calories come from __3plants. Detailed studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University of London, showed that gathering is a more productive source of food than is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 edible __4 calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. __5Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung diet, and no __6one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, if they escape fatal infections or accidents, these contemporary aborigines live to old ages despite of the absence __7of medical care. They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dental decay, no high blood pressure, no heart disease, and their blood cholesterol levels are very low (about half of the average American adult). __8If no one is suggesting that we return to an aboriginal life style, we certainly __9could use their eating habits as a model for healthier diet. __10第十五期There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronun-ciation comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt ‘naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography __1is learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our speech sounds __2like when we speak out, and it often comes as a shock when we __3firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a voice we recognize at once, __4whereas our own handwriting is something which we almost always know. We __5begin the "natural" learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and __6practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every __7day than we ever have to spend learning even our difficult English spelling.This is "natural", therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our im- __8mediate circle; after all, as we have seen, speech operates a means of holding a community and to give a sense of "belonging". We learn quite early to recognize a __9 "stranger", someone who speaks with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far. __10 第十六期Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior.Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised __1hunting pack. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate and he scores a goal, __2enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey. __3To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a million __4year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival depended on success __5in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even if their __6bodies, became radically changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They co-operate as skillful male-group __7attackers.Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immensely long formative __8period of hunting for food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence,so vital to their old hunting life, were put to a new use—that of penning, __9controlling and domesticating their prey. The food was there on the farms,awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of farming were no longer __10essential for survival.第十七期In addition to learn how to cope with daily__1work, I've also know to handle study sessions for__2big tests. My all-night study sessions in high school are experiment in self-torture. Around __32:00A.M., My mind, as a soaked sponge, simply__4 stopped absorb things. Now, I space out exam__5study sessions over several days. That way, the night before can be devoted to a overall review__6rather than raw memorizing. Most important,though, I've changed my attitude toward tests. In high school, I thought tests were mysterious things with completely predictable questions. Now, I ask __7teachers the kinds of questions that will be on the __8 exam, and I try to "psych out" which areas or facts teachers are like to ask about. These practices really__9work, and for me they've taken many of the __10fear and mystery out of tests第十八期For the last fifteen or twenty years the fashion in criticism or appreciation of the arts have been to deny the existence of any valid criteria and to make the __1__ words “good” or “bad” irrelevant, immaterial, and inapplicable. There is no such thing, we are told, like a set of standards first acquired through experience and __2__ knowledge and late imposed on the subject under discussion. This has been a __3__popular approach, for it relieves the critic of the responsibility of judgment and the public by the necessity of knowledge. It pleases those resentful of disciplines, it __4__flatters the empty-minded by calling him open-minded, it comforts the __5__confused. Under the banner of democracy and the kind of quality which our forefathers did no mean, it says, in effect, “Who are you to tell us what is good or bad?” This is same cry used so long and so effectively by the producers of mass __6__media who insist that it is the public, not they, who decide what it wants to hear __7__and to see, and that for a critic to say that this program is bad and that program is good is pure a reflection of personal taste. Nobody recently has expressed this __8__ philosophy most succinctly than Dr. Frank Stanton, the highly intelligent __9__president of CBS television. At a hearing before the Federal Communications Commission, this phrase escaped from him under questioning: “One man’s mediocrity __10__is another man’s good program”.第二十期The grammatical words which play so large a part in English grammar are for the most part sharply and obviously different from the lexical words. A rough and ready difference which may seem the most obvious is that grammatical __1__words have “less meaning”, but in fact some grammarians have called them __2__“empty”words as opposed in the “full”words of vocabulary. But this is a rather __3__misled way of expressing the distinction. Although a word like the is not the name __4__of something as man is, it is very far away from being meaningless; there is a __5__sharp difference in meaning between “man is vile”and “the man is vile”, yet the is the single vehicle of this difference in meaning. Moreover, grammatical words __6__differ considerably among themselves as the amount of meaning they have even in __7__the lexical sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been “little words.”But size is by no mean a good criterion for distinguishing the grammatical words.”__8__of English, when we consider that we have lexical words as go, man, say, car. __9__Apart from this, however, there is a good deal of truth in what some people say:we certainly do create a great number of obscurity when we omit them. This is __10__illustrated not only in the poetry of Robert Browning but in the prose of telegrams and newspaper headlines.第二十一期More people die of tuberculosis than of any other disease caused by a single agent. This has probably been the case in quite a while. During the __1__early stages of the industrial revolution, perhaps one in every seventh __2__deaths in Europe’s crowded cities were caused by the disease. From __3__now on, though, western eyes, missing the global picture, saw the trouble __4__going into decline. With occasional breaks for war, the rates of death and infection in the Europe and America dropped steadily through the 19th and __5__20th centuries. In the 1950s, the introduction of antibiotics strengthened the trend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowed to be imported to __6__ poor countries. Medical researchers declared victory and withdrew.They are wrong. In the mid1980s the frequency of infections and deaths __7__started to pick up again around the world. Where tuberculosis vanished, it came __8__back; in many places where it had never been away, it grew better. The World __9__Health Organization estimates that 1.7 billion people (a third of the earth’s population)suffer from tuberculosis. Even when the infection rate was falling,population growth kept the number of clinical cases more or less constantly at 8 __10__million a year. Around 3 million of those people died, nearly all of them in poor countries.tuberculosis n.肺结核antibiotics n.抗生素, 抗生学第二十二期One of America’s most important export is her modern music. __1__American popular music is playing all over the world. It is enjoyed __2__by people of all ages in all countries. Because the lyrics are English, __3__nevertheless people not speaking English enjoy it. The reasons for its popularity are its fast pace and rhythmic beat.The music has many origins in the United States. Country music,coming from the suburban areas in the southern United States, is one __4__source. Country music features simple themes and melodies describing day-to-day situations and the feelings of country people. Many people appreciate this music because the emotions expressed by country __5__ music songs. A second origin of American popular music is the blues. It depicted __6__mostly sad feelings reflecting the difficult lives of American blacks. It is usually played and sung by black musicians, but it is not popular with __7__all Americans.Rock music is a newer form of music. This music style, featuring fast and repetitious rhythms, was influenced by the blues and country music. It is first known as rock-and- roll in the 1950’s. Since then there __8__ have been many forms of rock music, hard rock, soft rock, punk rock,disco music and others. Many performers of popular rock music are young musicians.American popular music is marketed to a demanding audience.Now popular songs are heard on the radio several times a day. Some songs become popular all over the world. People hear these songs sing __9__in their original English or sometimes translated into other languages.The words may coincide but the enjoyment of the music is universal. __10__第二十三期Cities can be frightened places. The majority of __1__the population live in noisy massive tower blocks. The sense of belonging to a community tends to appear __2__ when you live thirty floors up in a skyscraper. Strange __3__enough, whereas in the past the inhabitants of one street all knew each other, nowadays people on the same floor in tower blocks even say hello to each __4__other.Country life, on the other hand, differs from this kind of isolated existence in that a sense of community generally keep the inhabitants of a small village together. __5__People have the advantage of knowing that there is always someone to turn to when they need help. So __6__ country life has disadvantages too. For example, shopping becomes a major problem and for anything slightly out of the ordinary you have to go for an expe- dition__7__to the nearest large town. The country has the advantage of peaceful and quiet, but suffers from the __8__isadvantages of being cut off. The city has noise and population which do harm to human health. But one of their main advantages is that you are at the centre of __9__things and that life doesn’t come to an end even at ten at night. Some people have found a compromise be-tween the two: they expressed their preference for the quiet life by leaving for the city and moving to the __10__ country within commuting distance of the large city.第二十四期Planning is a very important activity in our lives. It can give pleasure, even excitement, and it can cause quite severe headaches. __1The most significant the task ahead, the more careful the planning __2required. Getting to school or to work on time is a task requiring few __3or no planning, it is almost routine. A month’s touring holiday abroad,or better still, getting married, is a different matter altogether. If the matter involve a church wedding, a reception, a honeymoon in Venice, __4and returning a new home, this requires even more planning to make __5sure that it is successful. Planning is our way of trying to ensure success and of avoiding costly failures we can not suffer. It is equally essential __6to individual nations and families; the scale may be vary, but the degree __7of importance does not. In the essence, a nation planning its resources __8and needs do not differ from the familiar weekly shopping or monthly __9household budget. Both are designed to ensure an adequate supply of essentials, and if improperly carried out, will avoid shortages, wastage __10and over-expenditure.第二十五期Tracing missing persons can take much patient detective work. But a special kind of "private eye" can trace the missing ancestors of whole peoples by studying the clues。
英语专业八级的改错练习及参考答案
英语专业八级的改错练习及参考答案英语专业八级的改错练习及参考答案We use language primarily as a means of communication with other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we ive a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as __1__ to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular __2__ message: the English speaker has in his disposal a vocabulary and a __3__ set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his __4__ thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English __5__ speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses activetly and that which he recognises, increases in size as he grows old as a result of education and experience. __6__ But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system remains no more than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unless he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another __7__ member of his linguistic community; he has to give the system a concrete transmission form. We take it for granted two most __8__ common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by our vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are __9__ among most striking of human achievements. __10__答案：1. agreeing --------agreed2. ∧words----------these/those words3. in the disposal --------at the disposal4. enables--------enable5. “the” before “other English speakers”6. old------ older7. seen ------ perceived, understood, comprehended8. “it” before “for granted”9. And ----- Yet; However10. ∧most ------ the most striking。
英语专业八级的改错练习
答案：
1.beware后加of。
beware of sb/sth为固定搭配，意思是“提防否认或者某物”。
2.those后加who/that 。
这是一个定语从句，修饰those，意思是“那些听他们话的人”，who/that在定语从句中做主语，不能省略。
3.去掉for 或者把await改为wait。
“await”相当于“wait for”，都是等待的.意思。
4.将one改为ones。
主语these prophets是复数。
5.将to改为for。
Taste意思是“对……的品位”时，后面一般接介词for。
6.将being改为beings
7.将at改为in。
derection前面通常与in 搭配。
8.将checking改为checked。
现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。
这里是“被”战争等因素制约。
9.将steepens改为steepening。
这是一个独立主格，逻辑主语动作为主动。
10.将highly改为high。
highly为副词，相当于very，fairly，这里用形容词high。
high既可以做形容词也可以做副词。
英语专业八级改错真题(1999-2012)完整含答案版本解析
99年改错Part Ⅱ Proofreading and Error Correction (15 min)The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never／buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitThe hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric 1.______ human ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing 2._____with animal foods. An analysis of 58 societies of modem hunter-gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed that onehalf emphasize gathering plant foods, one-third concentrate on fishingand only one-sixth are primarily hunters. Overall, two-thirdsand more of the hunter-gatherer’s calories come from plants. Detailed 3.______ studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University ofLondon, showed that gathering is a more productive source of foodthan is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 4.______ edible calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. 5.______ Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung 6._______ diet, and no one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, ifthey escape fatal infections or accidents, these contemporaryaborigines live to old ages despite of the absence of medical care. 7._______ They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dentaldecay, no high blood pressure, on heart disease, and their bloodcholesterol levels are very low( about half of the average American 8._______ adult), if no one is suggesting what we return to an aboriginal life 9.________ style, we certainly could use their eating habits as a model for 10.________ healthier diet.2000改错The grammatical words which play so large a part in Englishgrammar are for the most part sharply and obviously different 1._______ from the lexical words. A rough and ready difference which mayseem the most obvious is that grammatical words have“ lessmeaning”, but in fact some grammarians have called them 2._______“empty” words as opposed in the “full” words of vocabulary. 3.________ But this is a rather misled way of expressing the distinction. 4._________ Although a word like the is not the name of something as man is,it is very far away from being meaningless; there is a sharp 5._________ difference in meaning between “man is vile and” “the man isvile”, yet the is the single vehicle of this difference in meaning. 6.________ Moreover, grammatical words differ considerably amongthemselves as the amount of meaning they have, even in the 7.________ lexical sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been“little words”. But size is by no mean a good criterion for 8._________ distinguishing the grammatical words of English, when weconsider that we have lexical words as go, man, say, car. Apart 9.________ from this, however, there is a good deal of truth in what somepeople say: we certainly do create a great number of obscurity 10.________ when we omit them. This is illustrated not only in the poetry ofRobert Browning but in the prose of telegrams and newspaper headlines.2001改错During the early years of this century, wheat was seen as thevery lifeblood of Western Canada. People on city streets watchedthe yields and the price of wheat in almost as much feeling as if 1._______ they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasing 2._______ favorite topic of conversation.War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketingthe western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grainselling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange.Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, so farmers could 3._______ not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often thatthey sold their wheat soon shortly after harvest when farm debts 4.________ were coming due, just to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. 5._______ On various occasions, producer groups, asked firmer control, 6._______ but the government had no wish to become involving, at 7.______ least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened to runwild.Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal 8.______ government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal withdeliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchangetrading was suspended, and farmers sold at prices fixed by theboard. To handle with the crop of 1919, the government appointed 9.______ the first Canadian Wheat Board, with total authority to 10.______ buy, sell, and set prices.2002改错There are great impediments to the general use of a standardin pronunciation comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography).One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt “naturally”and unconsciously, and orthography is learnt 1__________ deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact,remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our speech 2.__________ sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a shock 3.__________ when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a voice we 4._________ recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is somethingwhich we almost always know. We begin the natural learning 5.__________ of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or write,and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and 6.__________ practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many morehours per every day than we ever have to spend learning even our 7.___________ difficult English spelling. This is “natural”, therefore, that our 8.__________ speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle; after all,as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding a community 9.__________ and giving a sense of 'belonging'. We learn quite early torecognize a “stranger”, someone who speaks with anaccent of a different community-perhaps only a few miles far. 10.__________2003改错Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwarperiod were more eager than ever to establish families. They quicklybrought down the age at marriage for both men and women and broughtthe birth rate to a twentieth century height after more than a hundred (1)______ years of a steady decline, producing the “baby boom.” These young(2)_______ adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively largefamilies that Went for more than two decades and caused a major (3)_______ but temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. Fromthe 1940S through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate (4)________ and at a younger age than their Europe counterparts. (5)________ Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women on who (6)________ formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the (7)________ divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact toa greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier as well (8)________ as later decades. Since the United States maintained its dubious (9)_________ distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world, thetemporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in (10)_________ Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner andhomemaker was not abandoned.2004改错One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S Congressis the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to committees - either standing committees, special committees set for a specific (1)________ purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses. (2)________ Investigations are held to gather information on the need forfuture legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members andofficials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the (3)________ groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committeesrely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings (4)_________ and to make out detailed studies of issues. (5)_________ There are important corollaries to the investigative power. Oneis the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most (6)_________ committee hearings are open to public and are reported (7)__________ widely in the mass media. Congressional investigationsnevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers (8)__________ to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.(9)________ Congressional committees also have the power to compeltestimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contemptof Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjurythese who give false testimony. (10)_________2005改错The University as BusinessA number of colleges and universities have announced steeptuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed becauseof a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1 stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizesits net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the 2 outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of 3 business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty 4 increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of beingin the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in 5 graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one's job prospects, 6 the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more marketable.The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students 7 include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving studentsa governance role, and eliminate required courses. 8 Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the 9 rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlierfrom professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purelyof need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best 10 customer.We use language primarily as a means of communication withother human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which welive a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as 1_______ to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular 2______ message: the English speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a3_______ set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his4______ thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English 5_______ speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses activelyand that which he recognizes, increases in size as he growsold as a result of education and experience. 6______ But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the systemremains no more, than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unlesshe has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another 7_______ member of his linguistic community; he bas to give tile system aconcrete transmission form. We take it for granted rice’ two m ost8_______ common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by ourvocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are 9___ ___ among most striking of human achievements. 10_______From what has been said, it must be clear that no one canmake very positive statements about how language originated.There is no material in any language today and in the earliest 1records of ancient languages show us language in a new and 2emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language 3 ___ originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the 4 necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remotetribes, no ancient records, providing evidence ofa language with a large proportion of such cries 5than we find in English. It is true that the absenceof such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in 6other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.People of all races and languages make rather similarnoises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that7such noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmenand Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference8__________ between these noises and language proper. We maysay that the cries of pain or chortles of amusementare largely reflex actions, instinctive to large extent, 9whereas language proper does not consist of signsbut of these that have to be learnt and that are10__________ wholly conventional.2008年改错The desire to use language as a sign of national identityis a very natural one，and in result language has played a 1__________ prominent part in national moves．Men have often felt the need 2__________ to cultivate a given language to show that they are distinctive 3____________ from another race．whose hegemony they resent．At the time the 4.___________ United States split off from Britain，for example，therewere proposals that independence should be linguistically accepted by 5._________ the use of a different language from those of Britain． 6.__________ There was even one proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew．Others favoured the adoption of Greek，though，as one man put it，things would certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to 7.___________ English and made the British learn Greek．At the end，as everyone 8.___________ knows，the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before．Sincenearly two hundred years now，they have shown the 9.____________ world that political independence and national identity can be 10.___________ complete without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common language．2009年改错The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)__ ___ between shcool lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse, learntin early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener (2)__ ___ has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. (3)___ __ The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmittingIt may be something from twenty to seventy years. With the playground (4)__ ___ lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed on whtin the very hour (5)__ ___ it is learnt; and in the general, it passes between children of the (6)___ __ same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in agebetween playmates to be more than five years. If therefore, a playgroundrhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or (7)___ __ even just for fifty, it follows that it has been retransmitting overand over; very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three (8)__ ___ hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live (9)___ __ after so much handling, to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)__ __ original wording.2012PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) The passage contains TEN errors．Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error．In each case, only ONE word is involved．You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "L" sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen A art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall．When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it．(3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely．The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______ century B.C．Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not t he letter; the (2) _______ sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______ the manner．This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______ wanted the truth to be read and understood．Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______ was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _____ literal as possible．This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______ extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed．Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other．Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains．(10)_____答案部分改错部分:1999年1. 答案：as → like2. 答案：supplementing → supplemented3. 答案：and → or4. 答案：in → on5. 答案：as → while / whereas6. 答案：删去for，或改成about7. 答案：删去第一个of8. 答案：half ∧→ that9. 答案：if → While / Although / Though10. 答案：for ∧→ aPart Ⅱ Proofreading and Error Correction1.答案：as→like【详细解答】as our prehistoric human ancestors意为“作为人类史前的祖先那样”，但是根据上下文，此处应表达的意思是“像人类史前的祖先那样”，故应该将as改为介词like。
英语专业八级改错(终稿版)
英语专业八级改错（1）It is difficult to think of a nation as an abstract collection of people living on a patch of territory. It is easier to think of as a person. This is why we sometimes call Great Britain __1__ "Britannia" and the United States "Columbia", and think of it as stately women. We also use masculine symbols in our __2__ personification of nations. In 1712 John Arbuthont, a Scot,wrote a political satire in that the characters were supposed __3__ to be typical members of different nationalities. The Englishman was John Bull. This name, which was sufficient flattering to be __4__ adopted generally, combined the most common English first name with a last name indicated strength. John Bull is usually __5__ pictured as a partly businessman with a Union Jack on his hatband.After the American War of Independence began in 1783, the United__6__States was knownfor "Brother Jonathan". Jonathan was a biblical__7__ name associated with simple people from rural areas, and it seemed fitting since the United States is rural and unsophiscated, and since__8__American considered their type of simplicity a virtue compared to __9__ the wickedness of European cities. It is possible, however, that the name was originated with President George Washington, who would__10__often say, when faced with a hard problem, "Let us consult Brother Jonathan", referring to his secrectary, Johnathan Trumbull.英语专业八级（1）答案和解析:1. of和as之间加上it.代替前文的a nation2. it—both.指代上文的US和Great Britain3. that—which4. sufficient—sufficiently.修饰形容词用副词5. indicated—indicating 来源：考试大6. began—ended.根据历史知识，美国独立战争开始于1776年7月4日(《独立宣言》发表)，直到1783年英国正式承认美国独立才结束。
(完整word版)英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析
英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries couldbe avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____ pregnancies， according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking ____2____ University。
The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2，000,000 maternalDeaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____ families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternaldeaths in developing countries， excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____the United Nation's Children's Fund and the US Centers for Disease Controlrespectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high ____6____risk categories.The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7____maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8_____ pregnancy； pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9____mother is 35 years old； pregnancies after four births； and those lesser than ____10____two years apart.参考答案及解析：1 将had used 改为 used。
专八改错习题及答案解析精编版
英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(一)About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries couldbe avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____ pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking ____2____University.The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternalDeaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternaldeaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Controlrespectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high ____6____risk categories.The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7____maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8_____pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9____mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than ____10____two years apart.参考答案及解析:1 将had used 改为used。
英语专业八级改错真题(1999-2004)完整含答案版本
99年改错The hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric 1.______human ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing 2._____ with animal foods. An analysis of 58 societies of modem hunter- gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed that onehalf emphasize gathering plant foods, one-third concentrate on fishingand only one-sixth are primarily hunters. Overall, two-thirdsand more of the hunter-gatherer’s calories come from plants. Detailed 3.______ studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University ofLondon, showed that gathering is a more productive source of foodthan is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 4.______ edible calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. 5.______Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung 6._______diet, and no one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, ifthey escape fatal infections or accidents, these contemporaryaborigines live to old ages despite of the absence of medical care. 7._______ They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dentaldecay, no high blood pressure, on heart disease, and their bloodcholesterol levels are very low( about half of the average American 8._______ adult), if no one is suggesting what we return to an aboriginal life 9.________ style, we certainly could use their eating habits as a model for 10.________ healthier diet.2000改错The grammatical words which play so large a part in Englishgrammar are for the most part sharply and obviously different 1._______from the lexical words. A rough and ready difference which mayseem the most obvious is that grammatical words have“ lessmeaning”, but in fact some grammarians have called them 2._______“empty” words as opposed in the “full” words of vocabulary. 3.________But this is a rather misled way of expressing the distinction. 4._________ Although a word like the is not the name of something as man is,it is very far away from being meaningless; there is a sharp 5._________ difference in meaning between “man is vile and” “the man isvile”, yet the is the single vehicle of this difference in meaning. 6.________ Moreover, grammatical words differ considerably amongthemselves as the amount of meaning they have, even in the 7.________ lexical sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been“little words”. But size is by no mean a good criterion for 8._________ distinguishing the grammatical words of English, when weconsider that we have lexical words as go, man, say, car. Apart 9.________ from this, however, there is a good deal of truth in what somepeople say: we certainly do create a great number of obscurity 10.________ when we omit them. This is illustrated not only in the poetry ofRobert Browning but in the prose of telegrams and newspaper headlines.2001改错During the early years of this century, wheat was seen as thevery lifeblood of Western Canada. People on city streets watchedthe yields and the price of wheat in almost as much feeling as if 1._______they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasing 2._______favorite topic of conversation.War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketingthe western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grainselling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange.Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, so farmers could 3._______not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often thatthey sold their wheat soon shortly after harvest when farm debts 4.________were coming due, just to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. 5._______On various occasions, producer groups, asked firmer control, 6._______but the government had no wish to become involving, at 7.______least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened to runwild.Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal 8.______ government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal withdeliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchangetrading was suspended, and farmers sold at prices fixed by theboard. To handle with the crop of 1919, the government appointed 9.______the first Canadian Wheat Board, with total authority to 10.______buy, sell, and set prices.2002改错There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt “naturally” and unconsciously, and or thography is learnt 1__________ deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our speech 2._____________ sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a shock 3.__________when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a voice we 4._________recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something which we almost always know. We begin the natural learning 5.__________of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and 6.____________practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every day than we ever have to spend learning even our 7.______________difficult English spelling. This is “natural”, therefore, that our 8.______________speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle; after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding a community 9._______________and giving a sense of 'belonging'. We learn quite early to recognize a “stranger”, someone who speaks with an accent of a different community-perhaps only a few miles far. 10.________________2003改错Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwarperiod were more eager than ever to establish families. They quicklybrought down the age at marriage for both men and women and broughtthe birth rate to a twentieth century height after more than a hundred (1)______ years of a steady decline, producing the “baby boom.” These young (2)_______ adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively largefamilies that Went for more than two decades and caused a major (3)_______but temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. Fromthe 1940S through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate (4)________ and at a younger age than their Europe counterparts.(5)________Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women on who (6)________ formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the (7)________ divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact toa greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier as well (8)________ as later decades. Since the United States maintained its dubious (9)___________ distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world, thetemporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in (10)___________ Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner and homemaker was not abandoned.2004改错One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S Congressis the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to committees - either standing committees, special committees set for a specific (1)________ purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses. (2)________ Investigations are held to gather information on the need forfuture legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members andofficials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the (3)________ groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committeesrely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings (4)_________ and to make out detailed studies of issues. (5)_________There are important corollaries to the investigative power. Oneis the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most (6)_________ committee hearings are open to public and are reported (7)__________widely in the mass media. Congressional investigationsnevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers (8)__________to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.(9)________Congressional committees also have the power to compeltestimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contemptof Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjurythese who give false testimony. (10)_________答案部分改错部分:2004年1. 答案：set ^for →up2. 答案：consisted →consisting/composed3. 答案：in →on4. 答案：rely ^ outside →on5. 答案：删去out6. 答案：its →their7. 答案：^ public →the8. 答案：nevertheless →therefore / thus9. 答案：interests →interest10. 答案：these →those2003年1. 答案：height →high2. 答案：a steady decline →steady decline3. 答案：went^ for →on或把went改成lasted4. 答案：high →higher5. 答案：Europe →European6. 答案：删去more7. 答案：把nevertheless 改成also,thus或therefore8. 答案：that →those9. 答案：Since →Although / While/though10. 答案：in →to2002年1. 答案：第二个and →while / whereas / but / yet2. 答案：with →of3. 答案：删去out4. 答案：firstly →first5. 答案：which →that6. 答案：went →go7. 答案：删去per或every8. 答案：This →It9. 答案：community ∧→together10. 答案：far →away2001年1. 答案：in →with2. 答案：increasing →increasingly3. 答案：so →but4. 答案：删去soon或shortly5. 答案：just →only6. 答案：asked ∧→for7. 答案：involving →involved8. 答案：life →living9. 答案：handle →deal 或删去with10. 答案：total →full/complete/absolut2000年1. 答案：删去the2. 答案：but →and/thus3. 答案：in →to4. 答案：misled →misleading5. 答案：删去away6. 答案：single →only7. 答案：as →in8. 答案：mean →means9. 答案：∧lexical →such 或在words后加such，或把改成like10. 答案：number →deal / amount1999年1. 答案：as →like2. 答案：supplementing →supplemented3. 答案：and →or4. 答案：in →on5. 答案：as →while / whereas6. 答案：删去for，或改成about7. 答案：删去第一个of8. 答案：half ∧→that9. 答案：if →While / Although / Though10. 答案：for ∧→a。
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英语专业八级改错（1）It is difficult to think of a nation as an abstract collection of people living on a patch of territory. It is easier to think of as a person. This is why we sometimes call Great Britain __1__ "Britannia" and the United States "Columbia", and think of it as stately women. We also use masculine symbols in our __2__ personification of nations. In 1712 John Arbuthont, a Scot,wrote a political satire in that the characters were supposed __3__ to be typical members of different nationalities. The Englishman was John Bull. This name, which was sufficient flattering to be __4__ adopted generally, combined the most common English first name with a last name indicated strength. John Bull is usually __5__ pictured as a partly businessman with a Union Jack on his hatband.After the American War of Independence began in 1783, the United __6__States was knownfor "Brother Jonathan". Jonathan was a biblical __7__ name associated with simple people from rural areas, and it seemed fitting since the United States is rural and unsophiscated, and since __8__American considered their type of simplicity a virtue compared to __9__ the wickedness of European cities. It is possible, however, that the name was originated with President George Washington,who would __10__often say, when faced with a hard problem, "Let us consult Brother Jonathan", referring to his secrectary, Johnathan Trumbull.英语专业八级（1）答案和解析:1. of和as之间加上it.代替前文的a nation2. it—both.指代上文的US和Great Britain3. that—which4.sufficient—sufficiently.修饰形容词用副词5. indicated—indicating来源：考试大6. began—ended.根据历史知识，美国独立战争开始于1776年7月4日(《独立宣言》发表)，直到1783年英国正式承认美国独立才结束。
7. for—as.be known for意为“因......而众所周知”8. is—was.美国过去曾是一个rural and unsophisticated的国家9. to—pare to 意为“把......比作.......”compare with意为“与......比较，与.......匹敌，与......竞争”10.删掉name和originated之间的was英语专业八级改错（2）About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking University. ____2The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high risk categories. ____6 The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than two years apart.____10英语专业八级（2）答案和解析:1.将had used 改为used。
因为此句是虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反,故条件从句中应使用一般过去时。
例如:Many would be wise if they did not think themselves wise. 许多人原本会成为聪明人-如果他们不自以为聪明的话。
2. 将publishing 改为publishedreport和publish时逻辑动宾关系,故应使用publish的过去分词短语来修饰report。
例如:Any discovery that we may make, however small, will remain acquired knowledge. 任何可能的发现,不管多么微不足道,都将成为知识宝库中的一部分。
3. 将theirs 改为their4.将among 改为between在两次怀孕期间留出足够的间隔时间,故用between。
5. 将过去分词excluded 改为介词excludingexcluding意为“不包括……”6. 将respectably 改为respectivelyrespectively 意为“分别地”，符合句子的意思。
而respectably意为“可敬的，值得尊敬地”。
7.将evidences 改为evidence。
evidence是不可数名词。
8.将ill改为illness9.将year 改为years10.将lesser 改为less英语专业八级改错（3）From what has been said, it must be clear that no one canmake very positive statements about how language originated. There is no material in any language today and in the earliest (1)and→orrecords of ancient languages show us language in a new and(2) show→showingemerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language (3)theoriginated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the (4) and→butnecessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remote tribes, no ancient records, providing evidence ofa language with a large proportion of such cries ( 5) large→lagerthan we find in English. It is true that the absenceof such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in (6)in→onother grounds too the theory is not very attractive.People of all races and languages make rather similar noises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that (7) retur n→responsesuch noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmenand Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference （8）onbetween these noises and language proper. We maysay that the cries of pain or chortles of amusementare largely reflex actions, instinctive to∧large extent, (9)∧awhereas language proper does not consist of signsbut of these that have to be learnt and that are……(10) these→thoes英语专业八级改错（4）Ancient man attempted to change the weather by using magic. While experience taught him this was impossible, __1__ he tried to forecast weather conditions. Even earlier in __2__ 1000B.C.there were weather seers in Babylon----and priests clever enough to denounce as frauds those predicted __3__ the weather a year in the advance. Some forecasters used __4__ methods that seemed to take no connection with the actual __5__ factors controlled the weather. Chickens and other animals __6__ were sacrificed and their intestines poked to find signs indicating rain and drought. Somewhat more scientific predictions were __7__ based on vegetation:"Onion’s skin very thin ,mild weather coming in. Onion’s skin thick and tough, coming weather is cold and rough." Insects and animals were also __8__ favorite weather clues: "Before the glowworm lights his __9__ lamp ,then the air is always damp ." "If spiders their forsake cobwebs, the weather will for certain break ." "If frogs remained in pools , the weather will be fine . If they were seen on rocks, __10__ rain and cold were due." It’s difficult to say whether this rhyme should be taken seriously : " Hark , I hear the asses bray . Me thinks we’ll have some rain today ."英语专业八级（4）答案和解析:1. While—When或After.本句的this指代的是to change theweather by using magic. when/after 引导时间状语2. in—than.earlier是early的比较级，其后应有than3. those之后加who.who引导定语从句4.删除advance前的the.in advance为习语5. take—have.have connection with 为习语6. controlled—controlling或在controlled前加that/which.controlling the weather 或that/which controlled the weather做定语修饰the actual factors7. and—or.rain和draught只能是二者之一8.删除is.与上文平衡，均为省略句9. before—when/if.条件句10. will—would.if引导的是条件句用的是remained一般过去时英语专业八级改错（5）"Home, sweet home" is a phrase that express an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in thefamily house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home _____1has great importance for many people.This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers of American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house_____2for one’s family, and started a farm. These small households were _____3portraits of independence: the entire family- mother, father, children,even grandparents-live in a small house and working together to ___4support each other. Anyone understood the life-and-death importance _____5of family cooperation and hard work. Although most people in the United States no longer live on farms, but the ideal of home ownership _____6is just as strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth.When U.S soldiers came home before World WarⅡ, for example, _____7they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. Butthere was _____8a tremendous boom in home building. The new houses, typically in the suburbs, were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied _____9a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the basis of their way of life._____10英语专业八级（5）答案和解析:1.将 no 改为 not2.将 place 改为 landplace是可数名词，作“地方”讲,而land意为“土地，田地”是不可数名词。