A Tentative Study on the Modern Construction and Reflection of Chinese Film Concept
2022年考研考博-考博英语-首都师范大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：15
2022年考研考博-考博英语-首都师范大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is “Don't!” But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, though the chances of his becoming famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a repertory company, usually as an assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre: painting scenery, looking after the furniture, taking care of the costumes, and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed. The hours are long and the salary is tiny. But young actors with the stage in their blood are happy, waiting for the chances of working with a better company, or perhaps in films or television.Of course, some people have unusual chances which lead to fame and success without this long and dull training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his big car. He told the driver to stop, and he got out to speak to the girl. He asked her if she would like to go to the film studio to do a test, and at first she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to tell Connie that he was serious. Then an appointment was made for her to go to the studio the next day. The test was successful. They gave her some necessary lessons and within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. Of course, she was given a more dramatic name, which is now world-famous. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon!1.According to the passage, the main reason why young people should be discouraged from becoming actors is（）.2.An assistant stage manager's job is difficult because he has to（）.3.According to the context, the sentence "But young actors with the stage in their blood are happy" at the end of the first paragraph means（）.4.The phrase “once in a blue moon” in last line refers to（）.问题1选项A.actors are very unusual peopleB.the course at the drama school lasts two yearsC.acting is really a hard jobD.there are already too many actors问题2选项A.do all kinds of stage workB.work for long hoursC.wait for a better companyD.act well问题3选项A.they don't care if their job is hardB.they like the stage naturallyC.they are born happyD.they are easily satisfied问题4选项A.all at onceB.once for a long timeC.once in a whileD.once and for all【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B【解析】第1题:细节事实题。
How to ensure our security on
H ow to ensure our security on campusWidely acknowledged that a good security environment could give students a comfortable studying living atmosphere.Therefore,we must pull together to fight against the crime on campus. What more, us students should take it as our own responsibility to find out the suspicious people or unusual events on the campus. Security guards should patrol the campus. In order to create a safe environment, for the sake of our college life more colorful,We should joint effort to ensure the campus security together.普遍认为，良好的安全环境可以给学生一个舒适的学习生活环境。
因此，我们必须齐心协力打击校园犯罪。
另外，我们学生应该把它作为自己的责任，发现可疑的人或在校园里的不寻常的事件。
保安人员巡逻校园。
为了创造一个安全的环境，为我们的大学生活更加丰富多彩的缘故，我们应该共同努力以确保校园安全合作。
Nowadays, as the development of economic,peoples living standards improve as well,therefore,they pay more attention to not only education,but also the education environment.Thus, more and more senior schools as well as universities are restoring and expanding their campuses .And recently,students security on campus has been one of the most heated topics.In my opinion,studying and living in such a big and open campus,students must master the basic security commonsense.如今，随着经济的发展，人民生活水平的提高以及，因此，他们更注重不仅教育，而且教育环境。
2016考研英语作文押题
2016考研英语作文押题As we approach the 2016 postgraduate entrance examination, it is crucial for candidates to prepare thoroughly for theEnglish essay component. Based on recent trends and societal issues, here are a few potential topics that could befeatured in the 2016 exam:1. The Impact of Technology on Education: With the rapid advancement in technology, the way we learn and teach is changing. Candidates could be asked to discuss the positive and negative effects of technology on the educational system.2. Environmental Protection and Individual Responsibility: As environmental issues become more pressing, the essay might focus on the role of individuals in protecting theenvironment and the measures they can take in their daily lives.3. The Role of Cultural Exchange in Globalization: In the era of globalization, cultural exchange is increasingly important. An essay might explore the significance of cultural exchange and how it can promote understanding and cooperation among nations.4. The Challenges of Urbanization: Rapid urbanizationpresents both opportunities and challenges. An essay could examine the social, economic, and environmental challengesthat cities face and propose solutions.5. The Importance of Innovation in the Modern Economy: Innovation is key to economic growth and development. Candidates might be asked to discuss the importance of innovation and how it can drive economic progress.6. The Influence of Social Media on Society: The rise of social media has had a profound impact on how people communicate and interact. An essay could explore the influence of social media on society, including its benefits and drawbacks.7. The Balance Between Work and Life: With increasing work pressures, maintaining a healthy work-life balance is essential. The essay might ask candidates to discuss the importance of balance and ways to achieve it.8. The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: As AI becomes more integrated into our lives, ethical considerations arise. An essay could delve into the ethical implications of AI and its potential impact on society.9. The Significance of Lifelong Learning: In a knowledge-based economy, the concept of lifelong learning is more relevant than ever. Candidates could be asked to discuss why continuous learning is important and how it can be facilitated.10. The Role of Education in Promoting Social Mobility: Education is often seen as a means of social mobility. The essay might explore the role of education in enablingindividuals from various backgrounds to improve their social and economic status.When preparing for the essay, it is important to not only consider these potential topics but also to practice writing essays with a clear structure, logical flow, and a range of vocabulary. Additionally, candidates should be aware of current affairs and be able to express their opinions coherently and persuasively.。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷6
2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.问答题The (A) fantastic achievements of modern technology and the speed (B) with which scientific discoveries are (C) translated into technological applications (D) attest to the triumph of human efforts.【答案】B；“with”改为“at”。
【解析】考查固定搭配。
句意：现代技术的惊人成就和科学发现转化为技术应用的速度证明了人类努力的胜利。
句中“with which”引导定语从句，修饰先行词“speed”，因为有固定搭配“at the speed”表示“以……的速度”，所以将B项的介词“with”改为“at”。
2.问答题Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, white-water rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark archways. Nobody asks for any of it. But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such an ordeal ultimately changes them for the better. Their opinion might be something like this: “I wish it hadn’t happened, but I’m a better person for it.”reports of disaster; there is a built—in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. Positive reactions to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest. In fact, roughly half of the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives have in some ways improved.In a dark room in Queens, New York, 31-year-old fashion designer Tracy Cyr believed she was dying. A few months before, she had stopped taking the powerful immune-suppressing drugs that kept her arthritis（2） check. She never anticipated what would happen: a withdrawal reaction that eventually left her in total body agony and neurological meltdown. The slightest movement-trying to swallow, for example- was excruciating. Even the pressure of her check on the pillow was almost unbearable.Cyr is no wimp-diagnosed with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis at the age of two, she’d endured the symptoms and the treatments (drugs, surgery) her whole life. But this time, she was way past her limits, and nothing her doctors did seemed to help. Either the disease was going to kill her or, pretty soon, she’d have to kill herself.As her sleepless nights wore on, though, her suicidal thoughts began to be interrupted by new feelings of gratitude. She was still in agony, but a new consciousness grew stronger each night: an awesome sense of liberation, combined with an all-encompassing feeling of sympathy and compassion. “I felt stripped（3）everything I’d ever identified myself with,” she said six months later. “Everything I thought I’d known or believed in was useless-time, money, self-image, perception that was so forcing.”Within a few months, she began to be able to move more freely, thanks to a cocktail of steroids and other drugs. But as her physical strength came back, she did not return to her old way of being as a feisty, demanding “sex-in-the-City, three-inch-stilettos-and-fishnets” girl. Now quieter and more tolerant, she makes a point of being submissive in a tum-the-other cheek kind of way. Cyr still takes a pharmacopoeia of drugs every day, but she says there’s no question that her life is better now. “I felt I had been shown the secret of life and why we’re here, to be happy and to nurture other life. It’s that simple.”Her mind-blowing experience came as a total surprise. But that feeling of transformation is in some ways typical, says Rich Tedeschi, a professor of psychology at the University of North Carolina in Charlotte who coined the term “post-traumatic growth”，His studies of people who have endured extreme events like combat, violent crime or sudden serious illness show that most feel dazed and anxious in the immediate aftermath. They are preoccupied with the idea that their lives have been shattered. A few people are haunted long afterward by memory problems, sleep trouble and similar symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. But Tedeschi and others have found that for many people—perhaps even the majority life ultimately becomes richer and more gratifying.Something similar happens to many people who experience a terrifying physical threat. In that moment, our sense of invulnerability is pierced, and the self-protective mental armor that normally stands between us and our perceptions of the world is tom away. Our everyday life scripts---our habits, self-perceptions and assumptions-go out the window, and we’re left with a raw experience of the world.Still, actually implementing these changes, as well as fully coming to terms（4）the new reality, usually takes conscious effort. Being willing and able to take on this process isEventually, they may find themselves freed in ways they never imagined. Survivors often say they become more tolerant and forgiving（5）others, capable of bringing peace to formerly troubled relationships. They say that material ambitions suddenly seemed silly and the pleasures of friends and family became paramount-and that the crisis allowed them to reorganize life in line with the new priorities. People who have grown（6）adversity often feel much less fear, despite the frightening things they’ve been through. They are surprised by their own strength, confident that they can handle whatever else life throws at them. “People don’t say that what they went through was won derful,n says Tedeschi. “They weren’t meaning to grow from it. They were just trying to survive. But in retrospect, what they gained was more than they even anticipated.”In his recent book Satisfaction, Emory University psychiatrist Gregory Bens points to extreme endurance athletes who push themselves to their physical limits for days at a time. They cycle through the same sequence of sensations as do trauma survivors; self-loss, confusion and, finally, a new sense of mastery. For ultramarathoners, who regularly run 100-mile races that last more than 24 hours, vomiting and hallucinating are normal. After a day and night of running without stopping or sleeping, competitors sometimes forget who they are and what they’re doing.But the feeling of mastering extraordinary difficulty makes up for it, reports Honolulu businessman Randy Havre. Havre, 51, found this feeling near the summit of Mauna Kea nearly 10 years ago. He was nearing the end of a 44-mile race that took him from sea level to the top of the volcano-a vertical ascent of 13,766 feet. He was on his way to setting the unofficial world record for the climb, but the high elevation was starting to get（7） him.“When you get to about 10,000 feet, things tend to get a little weird because of the swelling a nd pressure on your brain,” he says. “Above that, it gets exponentially weirder. I remember busting out crying at 12,000 feet. But if you can finish these things, you know; Hey, I can get through this stuff. You were able to hang（8）there, and you’re stronger for that.”The emotional reward can compensate for the pain and difficulty of adversity. This perspective does not cancel（9）what happened, but it puts it all in a different context: that it’s possible to live an extraordinarily rewarding life even within the constraints and struggles we face. In some form or other, says King, we all must go（10）this realization. “You’re not going to be the person you thought you were, but here’s who you are going to be instead- and that turns out to be a pretty g reat life.”Fill in each blank in the article with an appropriate preposition (介词).Read the article carefully and explain the meaning of the words according to the context. tribulations (in paragraph 2)adversity (in paragraph 2)withdrawal (in paragraph 3)excruciating (in paragraph 3)wimp (in paragraph 4)aftermath (in paragraph 7)gratifying (in paragraph 7)exponentially (in paragraph 14)According to Rich Tedeschi, a professor of psychology at the University North Carolina in Charlotte, there is a phenomenon called “post-trauma growth”. What does it mean?【答案】1.考查介词搭配。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-首都师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷10
2022年考研考博-考博英语-首都师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题For most thinkers since （the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, something that constitutes the essence of man. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational being, as a social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal. More recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. One reason for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man. An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our epoch is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called "human nature." The historical approach was reinforced, particularly in the United States, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology （人类学）.The study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text. Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield behind which the most inhuman acts are committed. In the name of human nature, for example, Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. Or in order to prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of society, scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness as innate （天生的） human traits. Popularly, one refers cynically to "human nature" in accepting theof evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable. Yet I believe it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint that we can expect new insight into the problem of the nature of man.1.The traditional view of "human nature" was strongly challenged by（）.2.According to the passage, anthropologists believe that human beings（）.3.The author mentioned Aristotle, a great ancient thinker in order to（）.4.The word “untenable” in the last paragraph （Line 3） of the passage most probably means （）.问题1选项A.the emergence of the evolutionary theoryB.the historical approach to manC.new insight into human behaviorD.the philosophical analysis of slavery问题2选项A.have some traits in commonB.are born with diverse culturesC.are born without a fixed natureD.change their characters as they grow up问题3选项A.Emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the conce pt of “human nature’’B.show that the concept of human nature was used to justify social evilsC.prove that lie had a profound influence on the concept of "human nature"D.support the idea that some human traits are acquired问题4选项A.invaluableB.imaginableC.changeableD.indefensible【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D【解析】第1题:细节事实题。
考研英语范文阅读（三十七）
The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide， the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect， ”a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain， even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. Nancy Dubler， director of Montefiore Medical Center， contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very， very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.” George Annas， chair of the health law department at Boston University， maintains that， as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose， the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. “It's like surgery，” he says. “We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients， although they risked their death. If you’re a physician， you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide.” On another level， many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying. Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician- assisted suicide， the National Academy of Science （NAS）released a two-volume report， Approaching Death： Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices， to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies， to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care， and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life. Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. “Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering，” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse.” He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear…… that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.” 56. From the first three paragraphs， we learn that ________. （A）doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients' pain （B）it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives （C）the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide （D）patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide 57. Which of the following statements is true according to the text？ （A）Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients' death. （B）Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery. （C）The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed. （D）A doctor's medication is no longer justified by his intentions. 58. According to the NAS's report， one of the problems in end-of-life care is ________. （A）prolonged medical procedures （B）inadequate treatment of pain （C）systematic drug abuse （D）insufficient hospital care 59. Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive” （line 4， paragraph 7）？ （A）Bold. （B）Harmful. （C）Careless. （D）Desperate. 60. George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they ________. （A）manage their patients incompetently （B）give patients more medicine than needed （C）reduce drug dosages for their patients （D）prolong the needless suffering of the patients 答案及试题解析 BCBAD 56. 此题的难度合适，区分度好。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第62期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题In order to repair barns, build fences, grow crops, and care for animals, a farmer must indeed be （）.问题1选项A.restlessB.skilledC.strongD.versatile【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。
restless “坐立不安的，不耐烦的”；skilled “有技能的，熟练的”；strong “强壮的，强健的”；versatile “多才多艺的，多用途的” 。
句意：为了修缮谷仓、建立栅栏、种植庄稼以及饲养牲畜，事实上，农民必须是多才多艺的。
根据句意可知，农民应该是多才多艺的，故答案选D。
2.单选题Generally, prompt cooling and proper refrigeration of foods can hold （）bacteria in foods to a safe level.问题1选项A.a number ofB.the number ofC.an amount ofD.a quantity of【答案】B【解析】句意:一般来说，迅速冷却并经过适当的冷藏，食物中的细菌量会被控制在安全范围内。
考查短语辨析。
a number of若干，许多; the number of …的数量; an amount of 总量”通常与不可数、无生命的名词连用；a quantity of 一些。
故B符合句意。
3.单选题（） such as a washing machine and microwave offer a lot of convenience to people in their housework.问题1选项A.ApplicationsB.InstrumentsC.AppliancesD.Facilities【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
2024年教师资格(初级中学)-英语知识与教学能力(高中)考试历年真题摘选附带答案版
2024年教师资格（初级中学）-英语知识与教学能力（高中）考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点押密题库(共100题)1.(单项选择题)(每题2.00 分) —Do you mind if I______the TV a bit?—Yes, I do, because Fm busy with my homework now.A. turn onB. turn upC. turndownD. turnoff2.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) A Chinese student makes a sentence as follows： He is a rich man who like traveling. The error in that sentence is the result of______.A. negative transferB. positive transferC. overgeneralizationD. pragmatic failure3.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The party’s reduced vote was______of lack of support for its policies.A. indicativeB. positiveC. revealingD. evident4.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following assumptions about vocabulary learning contradicts the modem language teaching theories?A. The best way to learn words is to use them.B. The best way to learn vocabulary is via rote learning.C. An English dictionary is an important aid to students.D. Learning a word involves learning more than just the word itself.5.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) I will always remember my mother^ last few days in this worlD.On February 14th,2000, my class went on a field trip to the beach. I had so much fun. When we returned to school, my teacher told me to go t o the headmaster’s office. When I got into the office，I saw a police officer. Suddenly I realized something was wrong. The police officer told me what had happened and we went to pick my sister up. After that, we went to the hospital and waiteD. Time went slowly.Finally, we got to see our mother, it was terrible.On the next day, the headmaster came and told my two teachers what had happeneD. I was taking a rest that day. I knew it had something to do with my mother. I kept thinking that she either died or had got better. How I wished that she had got better. When my teacher took me outside, my sister ran up to me. She started crying, “She’s gone. Teresa mommy’s gone. She’s deaD. ”1 couldn’t believe it. We jumped into the car and drove straight to the hospi tal. Most of my family were there. The silence was terrible. I knew I had to say goodbye.Today when I look back, I still miss my mother very much, but I know that I will live. My mother was a strong mother，who had the biggest heart. My mother was an angel walking on the earth. I will always remember her as she is living. When someone is asked who their heroes are ,they usually say someone famous, like Michael Jordan or Britney Spears. When someone asks me who my hero is, I tell them, my mother. My mother lives every day. That is what makes her a true hero.What did the headmaster tell the two teachers on the next day?______.A. Her mother had been very ill.B. Her mother had been deaD.C. Her mother had gotten better.D. Her sister came to see her.6.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The men who race the cars are generally small, with a tight, nervous look. They range from the early 20s to the middle 40s, and it is usually their nerves that go first.Fear is the driver’s constant companion, and tragedy can be just a step behinD. Scarcely a man in the 500 does not carry the scars of accident crashes. The mark of the plastic surgeon is everywhere, and burned skin is common. Sometimes a driver^ scars are invisible, part of his heritage. Two young drivers, Billy Vukovich and Gary Bettenhausen, raced in their first 500 in 1968. Less than 20 years before, their fathers also competed against one another on the Indy track-and died there.All this the drivers accept. Over the years, they have learned to trust their own techniques, reflexes, and courage. They depend, too, on a trusted servant-scientific engineering. Though they may not have had a great deal of schooling (an exception is New Zealand’s Bruce McLaren, who had an engineering degree), many drivers are gifted mechanics， with a feeling for their engines that amount to kinship.A few top drivers have become extremely wealthy, with six-figure incomes from prize money, endorsement, and jobs with auto-product manufacturers. Some have businesses of their own. McLaren designs racing chassis (底盘).Dan GumeyJs California factory manufactured the chassis of three of the first four cars in the 1968 Indy 500, including his own second place car. Yet money is not the only reason why men race cars. Perhaps it isn’t even the major reason. Three times Indy winner(1961, 1964, 1967).A. J. Foyt, for example, can frequently be found competing on dirty tracks in minor-league races, where money, crowds and safety features are limiteD. and only the danger is not. Why does he do it? Sometimes Foyt answers, “It’s in my blooD. ’’Other times he says, “It is good practice.” Now and then he replies, “Don’t ask dumb questions. ’’A. J. Foyt often takes part in minor-league races fo r______ .A. prize moneyB. blood testC. cheers from the crowdD. enjoyment7.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)A teacher may encourage students to__________ when they come acrossnew words infast reading.A. take notesB. ask for helpC. guess meaning from contextD. look up the words in a dictionary8.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) You II find this Travel Guide to be of great ( ) in helping you and your children to get around Malaysia.A. costB. priceC. valueD. expenditure9.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) If a teacher attempts to implement the top-down model to teachA. new word sifter playing the tapeB. new words before playing the tapeC. background information after playing the tapeD. background information before playing the tape10.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means______with my progress.A. the teacher is not satisfiedB. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD. is the teacher satisfied11.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) What stage can the following grammar activity be usedat?______.The teacher asks the students to arrange the words of the sentences into different columns marked subject, predicate, object, object complement, adverbial and so on.A. PresentationB. PracticeC. ProductionD. Preparation12.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Operations which left patients______and in need of long periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.A. unhealthyB. exhaustedC. fearfulD. upset13.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Mr. King works in a shop and drives a car for the manager. He drives carefully and can keep calm in time of danger, and he has escaped from several accidents. The manager pays him more and the traffic policemen often speak highly of him.Mr. Baker, one of his friends, works in a factory outside the city. Ifs far from his house and he has to go to work by bus. As the traffic is crowded in the morning, sometimes he’s late for the work. His manager warns the young man that he will be sent away unless he gets to his office on time. He hopes to buy a car，but he hasn’t enough money. He decides to buy an old one. He went to the flea market and at last he chose a beautiful but cheap car. He said he wan— ted to have a trial drive, and the seller agreeD. He called Mr. King and asked him to give a hanD.Mr. King examined the car at first and then drove it away. It was five in the morning and there were few cars in the street. At first he drove slowly and it worked well. Then he drovefailed and nearly hit an old woman who was crossing the street. A policeman told him to stop, but the car went on until it hit a big tree by the roaD.“Didn’t you hear me?” the policeman asked angrily.“Yes，I did，sir，” said Mr. King，“ Since it doesn’t listen to me，can it obey you?”Mr. Baker went to the flea market to______.A. buy a second-hand carB. have a trial driveC. choose a new carD. sell his old car14.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)What is the author′ s attitude towards America′ s policies on global warming?A. Critical.B. Indifferent.C. Supportive.D. Compromising.15.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following activities helps to train the skill of listening for gist?A. After listening, the students are required to figure out the relationship between the characters.B. After listening, the students are required to sequence the sentences according to the story.C. After listening, the students are required to identify the characters appearing in the story.D. After listening, the students are required to decide upon the title for the text.16.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —Did you return Tom?s call?—I didn’t need to______, Fll see him tomorrow.A. thoughtB. unlessC. whenD. because17.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) This skirt was made______your mother______her own measure.A. for; toC. to; toD. for; by18.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)She is __________ , from her recording, the diaries of Simon Forman.A. transcribingB. keepingC. paraphrasingD. recollecting19.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) There is no doubt______you will pass the exam this time. You have worked so hard in the past months.A. whetherB. thatC. ifD. what20.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项（请选择唯一正确的答案）Passage OneThere are many wetlands in China and some of them have become the world’s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals. The worlds largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve is in them. More than 700 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world, but every winter you can see some in the Red-crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands.The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too. They are really good places for wildlife. Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds is not the only reason why we need to protect wet-lands. Wetlands are important because they can also prevent floods. But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife.Luckily, more and more people are beginning to realize the importance Of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2, many activities are held to tell people more about wet-lands.The World Wetlands Day is on. ______ .B. June 25C. February 2D. March 2221.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)The committee __________ a conclusion only after days of discussion.A. releasedB. achievedC. reachedD. accomplished22.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Passage OneMove over Methuselah. Future generations could be living well into their second century and still doing Sudoku, if life expectancy predictions are true. Increasing by two years every decade, they show no signs of flattening out. Average lifespan worldwide is already double what it was 200 years ago. Since the 1980s, experts thought the increase in life expectancy would slow down and then stop, but forecasters have repeatedly been proved wrong.The reason behind the steady rise in life expectancy is “the decline in the death rate of the elderly”, says Professor Tom Kirkwood from Newcas tle University. He maintains that our bodies are evolving to maintain and repair themselves better and our genes are investing in →this process ←to put off the damage which will eventually lead to death. As a result, there is no ceiling imposed by the real ities of the ageing process. “There is no use-by-date when we age. Ageing is not a fixed biological process," Tom says.A large study of people aged 85 and over carried out by Professor Kirkwood discovered that there were a remarkable number of people enjoying good health and independence in their late 80s and beyonD. With people reaching old age in better shape, it is safe to assume that this is all due to better eating habits, living conditions, education and medicine.There are still many people who suffer from major health problems, but modem medicine means doctors are better at managing long-term health conditions like diabetes, high blood pres- sure and heart disease. “We are reaching old age with less accumulative damage than previous generations, we are less damaged," says Professor KirkwooD. Our softer lives and the improvements in nutrition and healthcare have had a direct impact on longevity.Nearly one-in-five people currency in the UK will live to see their 100th birthday, the Office for National Statistics predicted last year. Life expectancy at birth has continued to increase in the UK——from 73.4 years for the period 1991 to 1993 to 77.85 years for 2007 to 2009. A report in Science from 2002 which looked at life expectancy patterns in different countries since 1840 concluded that there was no sign of a natural limit to life.Researchers Jim Oeppen and Dr. James Vaupel found that people in the country with the highest life expectancy would live to an average age of 100 in about six decades. But they stopped short of predicting anything more."This is far from eternity: modest annual increments in life expectancy will never lead to immortality,” the researchers saiD.We do not seem to be approaching anything like the limits of life expectancy, says Professor David Leon from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. “There has been no flattening out of the best the groups which everyone knows have good life expectancy and→ low mortality←. ”he says.These groups, which tend to be in the higher social and economic groups in society, can live for several years longer than people in lower social groups, prompting calls for an end to inequalities within societies.Within populations, genes also have an important role to play in determining how long we could survive for, but environment is still the most important factor.It is no surprise that healthy-living societies like Japan have the highest life expectancies in the worlD. But it would still be incredible to think that life expectancy could go on rising forever. “I would bet there will be further increases in life expectancy and then it will probably begin to slow,” says Tom, “but we just don’t know.”The underlined phrase “low mortality” in Paragraph 8 could best be replaced by “→←".A. short life spanB. low death rateC. low illness rateD. good health condition23.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) For grammar teaching, if the rule is given first and explained and the student then has to apply the rule to given situation, the method is definedas______methoD.A. deductiveB. inductiveC. Grammar-translationD. audio-translation24.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)The most suitable question type to check students′ comprehension and developtheir critical thinking is __________.A. rhetorical questionsB. referential questionsC. close questionsD. display questions25.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is NOT the advantage of group work?A. creating some peaceful and quiet time in classB. encouraging cooperation and negotiation skills among studentsC. encouraging different opinions and contributions to the workD. promoting students5 autonomy rather than follow the teachers26.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)--Would you like some noodles, Celia?--Yes, just___________, please.A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little27.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Modem scientists divide the process of dying into two stages-clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be reviveD. Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the disintegration of vital cells and tissues. Death is then irreversible and final.Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can be revived before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body^ metabolism, cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called KetA. The scientists put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from its body. The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped; clinical death set in.this point the scientists pumped blood into its body in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes the monkey’s heart became active once more. Aft er fifteen minutes, spontaneous breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her heaD. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection. Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.One characteristic of clinical death is______.A. lasting damage to the lungsB. destruction of the tissuesC. temporary non-functioning of the heartD. that the organism cannot be revived28.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following activities actually does not involve writing?→ ←.A. Completion according to outlines.B. Completion with multiple choices.C. Completion according to topic sentences.D. Completion with detailed examples related to the topiC.29.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) English teachers often ask students to ______ a passage to get the gist of it.A. skimB. scanC. predictD. describe30.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —Must I finish the work today, Mom?__No, you_____. You can finish it tomorrow.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t31.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) ______ she heard her grandfather was bom in Germany.A. That was from her mumB. It was her mum thatC. It was from her mum thatD. It was her mum whom32.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When we analyze the salt salinity (盐浓度)of ocean waters, we find that it varies only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation. In thisextreme, of course, white salt would be left behind; this, by the way, is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtaineD.The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreaseD. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation.Normally, in hot regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behinD. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeareD. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.In the Weddell Sea, the densest water in the ocean is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portion of the oceans of the worlD.It can be known from the passage that increase in the salinity of ocean water is caused by______.A. melting of sea iceB. precipitationC. evaporationD. supplement of salt33.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Mr. King works in a shop and drives a car for the manager. He drives carefully and can keep calm in time of danger, and he has escaped from several accidents. The manager pays him more and the traffic policemen often speak highly of him.Mr. Baker, one of his friends, works in a factory outside the city. Ifs far from his house and he has to go to work by bus. As the traffic is crowded in the morning, sometimes he’s late for the work. His manager warns the young man that he will be sent away unless he gets to his office on time. He hopes to buy a car，but he hasn’t enough money. He decides to buy an old one. He went to the flea market and at last he chose a beautiful but cheap car. He said he wan— ted to have a trial drive, and the seller agreeD. He called Mr. King and asked him to give a hanD.Mr. King examined the car at first and then drove it away. It was five in the morning and there were few cars in the street. At first he drove slowly and it worked well. Then he drovefailed and nearly hit an old woman who was crossing the street. A policeman told him to stop, but the car went on until it hit a big tree by the roaD.“Didn’t you hear me?” the policeman asked angrily.“Yes，I did，sir，” said Mr. King，“ Since it doesn’t listen to me，can it obey you?”What is a flea market?______.A. A market where fleas are solD.B. A market where cars are solD.C. A market where used and cheap goods are soldD. A supermarket.34.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) To their credit the Department of Energy______these ideas and funded a detailed study.A. took toB. took onC. took overD. took up35.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The phoneme/n/in the first word of all the following phrases changes to/m/except______.A. moon shineB. moon beamC. common propertyD. common wealth36.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows__________.A. generally distorted valuesB. unfair wealth distributionC. a marginalized lifestyleD. a rigid moral code37.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following can be regarded as a communicative language task? ______ .A. Information-gap activityC. Sentence transformationD. Blank-filling38.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Passage OneMove over Methuselah. Future generations could be living well into their second century and still doing Sudoku, if life expectancy predictions are true. Increasing by two years every decade, they show no signs of flattening out. Average lifespan worldwide is already double what it was 200 years ago. Since the 1980s, experts thought the increase in life expectancy would slow down and then stop, but forecasters have repeatedly been proved wrong.The reason behind the stead y rise in life expectancy is “the decline in the death rate of the elderly”, says Professor Tom Kirkwood from Newcastle University. He maintains that our bodies are evolving to maintain and repair themselves better and our genes are investing in →this process ←to put off the damage which will eventually lead to death. As a result, there is no ceiling imposed by the realities of the ageing process. “There is no use-by-date when we age. Ageing is not a fixed biological process," Tom says.A large study of people aged 85 and over carried out by Professor Kirkwood discovered that there were a remarkable number of people enjoying good health and independence in their late 80s and beyonD. With people reaching old age in better shape, it is safe to assume that this is all due to better eating habits, living conditions, education and medicine.There are still many people who suffer from major health problems, but modem medicine means doctors are better at managing long-term health conditions like diabetes, high blood pres- sure and heart disease. “We are reaching old age with less accumulative damage than previous generations, we are less damaged," says Professor KirkwooD. Our softer lives and the improvements in nutrition and healthcare have had a direct impact on longevity.Nearly one-in-five people currency in the UK will live to see their 100th birthday, the Office for National Statistics predicted last year. Life expectancy at birth has continued to increase in the UK——from 73.4 years for the period 1991 to 1993 to 77.85 years for 2007 to 2009. A report in Science from 2002 which looked at life expectancy patterns in different countries since 1840 concluded that there was no sign of a natural limit to life.Researchers Jim Oeppen and Dr. James Vaupel found that people in the country with the highest life expectancy would live to an average age of 100 in about six decades. But they stopped short of predicting anything more."This is far from eternity: modest annual increments in life expectancy will never lead to immortality,” the researchers saiD.We do not seem to be approaching anything like the limits of life expectancy, says Professor David Leon from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. “There has been no flattening out of the best the group s which everyone knows have good life expectancy and→ low mortality←. ”he says.for several years longer than people in lower social groups, prompting calls for an end to inequalities within societies.Within populations, genes also have an important role to play in determining how long we could survive for, but environment is still the most important factor.It is no surprise that healthy-living societies like Japan have the highest life expectancies in the worlD. But it would still be incredible to think that life expectancy could go on rising forever. “I would bet there will be further increases in life expectancy and then it will probably begin to slow,” says Tom, “but we just don’t know.”Which statement below is TRUE concerning life expectancy according to thepassage?→←.A. Life expectancy goes on rising forever.B. There could be further increases in life expectancy.C. Life expectancy has slowed down since 1980s and it will stop.D. Life expectancy in Japan doubles what it was 200 years ago.39.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)The message came to the villagers __________ the enemy had already fledthe village.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. where40.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Which of the letter "u"in the following words has a different pronunciation from others?A. abuseB. useC. excuseD. lure41.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Based on the experiment, which of the following may signal that the subjectis nearing the solution?A. The subject is begging to work.B. The subject looks away at something else.C. The subject is distracted from the given words.D. The subject concentrates on the given words all the time.42.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) New curriculum promotes the three-dimensional teaching objective which includes_______.A. knowledge, skills and method sB. emotional attitude and valuesC. knowledge, skills and emotionD. knowledge and skills； process and methods； emotional attitude and values43.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following nominating patterns can a teacher adopt to ensure that all students are actively involved in classroom activities?→ ←.A. Nominating those who are good at English.B. Asking questions in a predicable sequence.C. Nominating students after the question is given.D. Nominating students before giving the question.44.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Electronic books could revolutionize reading, but people ought to consider their far-reaching. “The e-book promises to wreak a slow havoc on life as we know it,” Jason Ohler, professor of technology assessment, University of Alaska Southeast in Juneau, warned the World Future Society, Bethesda, MD. His assessment weighed the pros and cons of e-book technology’s impact on social rela tionships, the environment, the economy，etC. Before you curl up with an e-book, consider the disadvantages.They increase eyestrain due to poor screen resolution, replace a relatively cheap commodity with a more expensive one, and displace workers in print book production and traditional publishing. E-books make it easy to share data, thereby threatening copyright agreements and reducing compensation of authors, as well as creating no biodegradable trash. On the other hand, e-books save paper and trees, reduce the burden of the carrying and storing of printed books, promote self- sufficiency in learning, and make reading a collaborative experience online. They also create new jobs for writers and artists and encourageself-publishing. In final analysis, Ohler points out, e-books should gain society’s approval if a few conditions are met: make them biodegradable and recyclable，solve the problem of eye fatigue，be sure the “have-nots” get the technology，and support e-book training in schools and business.What is e-books negative impact on social relationships?______.A. They create new jobs only for writers.B. Fewer and fewer people have access to new technology.C. They may threaten some traditional trades.。
考研英语模拟试题及答案 (15)
模拟试题[15]Simulated Test[PREVIOUS][NEXT]Part I Structure and VocabularySection ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (5 points)1.No other drug is available at present _____ can produce the same therapeutic effect withless risk.A.thatB.thanC.whenD.asputers are already widely used in industry and in universities and the time may comewhen it _____ possible for ordinary people to use them as well.A.isB.will beC.must beD.may be3.An estimated 20 percent of the U.S. population has no bank account,more than half of thisgroup don't have credit card _____ can not get bank loans.A.orB.soC.andD.yet4.She is only _____ satisfied to copy notes of others without the pain of thought for herself.A.veryB.muchC.soD.too5.Bacteria are sometimes _____ too small to be seen without a microphone.A.farB.ratherC.quiteD.very6.Once he starts talking about Chinese or foreign affairs, ancient or modern, _____ .A.there is no stopping of himB.he is not to stopC.there is no stopping himD.it is no stopping him7.I should be the _____ man to think highly of those who wake up to persons of influence.A.rightB.verystD.same8.We are all agreed that the plan is practical and feasible,but he thinks _____ .A.notB.the reverseC.contrarilyD.otherwise9.Classes will cease to exist by the time communism _____ throughout the world.A.is achievedB.has been achievedC.will be achievedD.will have been achieved10.Wang Qing did not come to the meeting;he _____ the notice on the blackboard since we sawit on our way to the dining hall.A.must not have missedB.could not missC.could not have missedD.wouldn't have missedSection BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(5 points)11.There were over (A) 500 000 deaths (B) due to automobile accidents in the styear.A third of these could have been avoided (C) but the drivers hadn't fastened(D) their seat belts.12.Few realize (A) how much (B) the happiness of life and the formation of character dependson (C) the wise selection of books we read (D) .13.Unlike (A) the director and (B) the actors and actresses,seldom the screenwriterwho provides for (C) a film is acclaimed (D) .14.A Soviet newspaper carried out (A) an experiment the other day to see if (B)Moscow's telephone service was as bad as most people here think is (C) . It was (D) .15.I had been stranded (A) on this island for quite sometime (B) when (C) one day Iput myself upon thinking (D) whether it was possible to make myself a boat.16.In the long run (A) , there should (B) be no such a thing as (C) an energyshortage, because the entire universe consists of (D) energy.17.The two leaders met for (A) an hour and 40 minutes on Monday, and had (B) whatan official spokesman described (C) a friendly conversation on a wide range (D) of subjects.18.The fourth time when (A) he escaped,he had the misfortune to be caught (B) by aprofessional slave catcher, who brought (C) the African back to (D) theplantation.19.We can see then (A) that there are good reasons (B) for regarding it (C) asdesirable that a married woman has (D) some occupation outside the home.20.With time they discovered (A) techniques for producing materials that had propertiessuperior to (B) the natural ones (C) ; these new materials include (D) pottery and various metals.Section CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one the best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 pionts)21.I was _____ in the middle of my call because I had no more pennies to put in the box.A.broken offB.cut offC.hung upD.cut down22.He was _____ for military sevice at the age of eighteen and spent a year in the army.A.called inB.sent outC.called upD.taken on23.Mary wants to study medicine but she is not very clever.I don't think she is _____ it.A.up toB.forC.withinD.towards24.The doctor ordered the patient to _____ all solid food for at least twenty four hours.A.keep outB.keep awayC.keep offy aside25.Primitive monetary systems require the same balance of supply and demand that _____ theU.S. Treasury and the Federal Reserve System.A.confirmsB.confrontsC.conductsD.confesses26.A scientist usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have nosatisfactory explanation,and his curiosity makes him look for _____ relationship even if the data available seem to be unconnected.A.underliningB.underneathC.undergoingD.underlying27.During an earthquake,the great part of damage and loss of life has been _____ collapseof buildings and the effect of rockslides,floods,fire,diseases,and other phenomena resulting from earthquakes,rather than from the quakes themselves.A.due toB.owing toC.by reason ofD.on account of28.In Japan most people still feel that a woman's place is in the home;and most women willinglyaccept their traditional role as wife, leaving the business of making a living _____ their husbands.A.toB.withC.forD.on29.Whether to go to college is optional _____ that no student is required to do so as heis required by law in most states of America to go to high school.A.in a senseB.in the wayC.in the senseD.in the case30.Of all the senses that help a small baby to distinguish his mother the sound of her voice,his sense of smell,his sight,the distinctive way she handles him,sight is _____ .A.permanentB.predominantC.prevalentD.preliminary31.The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 78 hours' sleep alternating withsome 16-17 hours' wakefulness.Broadly speaking,the sleep normally _____ with the hours of darkness.A.conformB.coincideC.collideply32.Today the Americans' love of comfort is seen in the way they _____ their homes,the waythey design their cars,and the way they like to travel.A.trimB.modifyC.carpetD.furnish33.Science is the systematic _____ of knowledge using nature itself or laboratory modelsand experiments.A.acquisitionB.explorationC.surveyD.pursuitputers can provide information which allows businessmen to _____ their list of goods,byshowing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving.A.keep track ofB.keep pace withC.keep in touch withD.keep company with35.John Smith Community College is an open door educational institution _____ to providinghigher education to all who can benefit.A.contributedmittedC.subjectedD.assigned36.One Sunday morning the local post office _____ an important special delivery letter tomy home,though it was addressed to me at my office.A.deliveredB.presentedC.submittedD.transferred37.Now there are sophisticated tests which can _____ poisons in the tiniest amount not evenenough to kill a mouse.A.discernB.ascertainC.detectD.locate38.All students who want to use the library borrowing services and recreational athletic,and entertainment _____ must have a valid summer identification card.A.utilitiesB.facilitiesC.installationsD.fittings39.Few people can listen to music that is more or less familiar without moving their body,_____ , some part of their body.A.or ratherB.in other wordsC.so to speakD.for example40.Apart from a handful of weather stations,within 2 000 miles of the South Pole there isnot a single tree,industry,or _____ .A.habitationB.settlementC.residenceD.accommodationPart Ⅱ Cloz e TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage,there are four choices labelled A,B,C and D.Choose the best one and put your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) The vast Pacific is the world's largest ocean,covering a third of the earth. 41 recent years most people knew little, 42 anything,about the Pacific islands,as they were cut 43 from the rest of the world by vast 44 of sea.This was especially true 45 the islands in the heart of the Pacific which people called the South Sea Isles.They dreamed of them as a tropical 46 of palm lined coral shores and drowsy sun.The 47 Pacific washes the shores of five continents,with its waters mingling in the southeast with the Atlantic Ocean and in the southwest with the Indian Ocean.It is not on the shores of continents or in the coastal islands,however, 48 the soul of the great Pacific is found.It 49 out where the fabled South Sea Islands are 50 over the huge ocean like stars in the sky.41.A.Before B.Preceding C.During D.Until42.A.if B.of C.not D.never43.A.away B.back C.off D.out44.A.territories B.strips C.waters D.stretches45.A.to B.of C.about D.in46.A.zone B.island C.paradise D.heaven47.A.mighty B.tropical C.strategic D.substantial48.A.when B.that C.which D.where49.A.lies B.reaches C.is located D.is exposed50.A.glittered B.twinkled C.scattered D.dispersedPart Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers marked A,B,C and D.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Passage 1Only two animals have entered the human household otherwise than as prisoners and become domesticated by other means than those of enforced servititude:the dog and the cat.Two things they have in common,namely,that both belong to the order of carnivores and both serve man in their capacity of hunters.In all other characteristics,above all in the manner of their association with man,they are as different as the night from the day.There is no domestic animal which has so rapidly altered its whole way of living,indeed its whole sphere of interests,that has become domestic in so true a sense as the dog:and there is no animal that,in the course of its century old association with man,has altered so little as the cat.There is some truth in the assertion that the cat,with the exception of a few luxury breeds,such as Angoras,Persians and Siamese,is no domestic animal but a completely wild being.Maintaining its full independence it has taken up its abode in the houses and outhouses of man,for the simple reason that there are more mice there than elsewhere.The whole charm of the dog lies in the depth of the friendship and the strength of the spiritual ties with which he has bound himself to man,but the appeal of the cat lies in the very fact that she has formed no close bond with him,that she has the uncompromising independence of a tiger or a leopard while she is hunting in his stables and barns;that she still remain mysterious and remote when she is rubbing herself gently against the legs of her mistress or purring contentedly in front of the fire.The purring cat is,for me,a symbol of the heartside and the hidden security which it stands for.I should no more like to be without a cat in my home than to be without the dog that trots behind me in field or street.Since my earliest youth I have always had dogs and cats about me.Business like friends have advised me to write a dog book and a cat book separately,because dog lovers often dislike cats and cat lovers frequently abhor dogs.But I consider it the finest test of genuine love and understanding of animals if a person has sympathies for both these creatures,and can apreciate in each its own special virtue.51.Cats,according to the author, _____ .A.are not domestic animals at allB.are fiercer than dogsC.are both meek and independentD.can sometimes be very hostile to people52.Dogs and cats are similar in that _____ .A.people can use them for huntingB.they are associated with man closelyC.they have the same way of livingD.they are equally liked by people53.We can infer from the passage that the author _____ .A.prefers dogs to catsB.prefers cats to dogsC.likes dogs as well as catsD.likes neither dogs nor cats54.The passage concludes that _____ .A.dogs are more domesticated than catsB.dogs are more lovable animals than catsC.though different,dogs and cats have their charmsD.both dogs and cats can be kept as pets in one housePassage 2A single status may have multiple roles attached to it, constituting a role set. Consider the status of a patient in a hospital. The status involves the sick role; another role as the peer of other patients; still another role as the “appreciative”receiver of the gifts and attention of friends and family members; one role as a consumer of newspapers, magazines, and other small items purchased from a hospital attendant; and a role as acquaintance of a number of friendly hospital personnel. Or consider your status as a family member. Your status includes a variety of roles, for example,parent and child, uncle, spouse, and cousin. Clearly, a role does not exist in a social vacuum; it is a bundle of activities that are connected with the activities of other people. For this reason there can be no professors without students, no husbands without wives, no whites without nonwhites, and no lawyers without clients.Roles affect us as sets of norms that define our duties the actions others can legitimately insist that we perform, and our right the actions we can legitimately insist that others perform. Every role has at least one reciprocal role attached to it; the rights of one role are the duties of the other role. As we have noted, we have a social niche for the sick. Sick people have rights our society says they do not have to function in usual ways until they get well. But sick people also have the duty to get well and“not enjoy themselves too much.”The sick role also entails an appeal to another party the physician. The physician must perceive the patient as trying to get well this is the physician's right and the patient's duty. And the patient must see the doctor as sincere the patient's right and the physician's duty. It should come as no surprise that thequality of medical care falters when patient and physician role expectations break down.One way that people are linked in groups is through networks of reciprocal roles. Role relationships tie us to one another because the rights of one end of the relationship are the duties of the other. People experience these stable relationships as social structure a hospital, a college, a family, a gang, an army, and so on.55.If your are a patient, you take on all the following roles EXCEPT the role as _____ .A.a friend of your fellow patientsB.a staff member of the hospitalC.the receiver of the treatmentD.a buyer of medicines56.The example of the family member in Paragraph one is used to convey the idea that _____ .A.roles involve both duties and rights corresponding to themB.a role set forms a network of interdependenciesC.family roles are far more complex than they appearD.family members have more duties than patients57.Which of the following may be one of the doctor's duties?A.See to it that the patient gets well as soon as possibleB.Make sure that the patient doesn't enjoy himself too muchC.Ask the patient to be cooperative in the treatmentD.Perceive the patient as eager to get well58.A role is best defined in its relation to _____ .A.another statusB.its obligationC.other rolesD.its importancePassage 3By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in the world were considered literate. The increase in literacy from ancient times to the present has not been a story of unbroken progress. The ability of people within a given society to read and write has been influenced by a number of factors, including economic well being, the availability of material to read, the amount of education available, and the basic matter of the usefulness of reading.Of these factors, usefulness has probably been the most decisive. In ancient societies, as people settled into stable patterns of agriculture and trade, it became useful for some of them to read and write in order to keep records, to transact business, and to measure amounts of land, animals, goods, materials, and produce. Since all economic aspects of a society were closely tied to the operations of government, literacy became useful and even necessary for the keeping of records by officials. The responsibilities of citizenship led to a fairly high level of literacy in ancient Greece and Rome, but in addition to that, there also grew an appreciationof good literature, poetry, drama, history, and philosophy.During the early Middle Ages, with the general breakdown of society in Europe and the decrease of commerce, literacy became largely confined to the church. But in the late Middle Ages, in the period of the Renaissance, the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world usefulness.With the invention of the printing press and inexpensive paper late in the 15th century there was for the first time a great availability of reading material for a much greater number of people. Religious reformers were among the first to utilize the situation, quickly getting translations of the Bible and educational tracts and booklets into the hands of many people.The broadened religious enlightenment that resulted was followed in later centuries by a political one. Political theorists who favored doctrines promoting the natural rights of man called for an attack upon illiteracy. Political revolutions, particularly in the United States and France, helped inaugurate an era in which all classes were called upon to become informed on public policy for their own welfare. Against this political background there emerged the movement for universal popular education. Literacy came to be understood as a means whereby the individual could benefit and advance, and gradually whole societies began to acknowledge that universal literacy among their citizens was an avenue to greater economic well being.59.Form the first paragraph we know _____ .A.it is fairly easy to determine literacyB.there is no illiteracy in a rich familyC.history sees an even progress towards literacyD.in history literacy suffers ups and downs60.According to the passage, what is the major driving force behind the progress toward moreliteracy?A.The amount of education.B.The availability of reading materials.C.The economic development.D.The necessity to read.61.In the Renaissance, it was _____ that greatly expand literacy.A.the religious reformsB.the translation and popularization of the BibleC.the availability of printing technology and cheap paperD.the renovations of the teaching methods62.The last paragraph is mainly about _____ .A.the religious movements that promoted the literacy of the publicB.the new progress towards literacy initiated by democratic societyC.modern political movement towards a more democratic societyD.political movements at the end of the Middle Ages fighting illiteracyPassage 4Every product on the market has a variety of costs built into it before it is ever put up for sale to a customer. There are costs of production, transportation, storage, advertising, and more. Each of these costs must bring in some profit at each stage: truckers must profit from transporting products, or they would not be in business. Thus, costs also include several layers of profits. The selling price of a product must take all of these costs(and built in profits)into consideration. The selling price itself consists of a markup over the total of all costs, and it is normally based on a percentage of the total cost.The markup may be quite high 90 percent of cost or it may be low. Grocery items in a supermarket usually have a low markup, while mink coast have a very high one. High markups, however, do not in themselves guarantee big profits. Profits come from turnover. If an item has a 50 percent markup and does not sell, there is no profit. But if a cereal has an 8 percent markup and sells very well, there are reasonable profits.While most pricing is based on cost factors, there are some exceptions. Prestige pricing means setting prices artificially high in order to attract select clientele. Such pricing attempts to suggest that the quality or style of the product is exceptional or that the item cannot be found elsewhere. Stores can use prestige pricing to attract wealthy shoppers.Leader pricing and bait pricing are the opposites of prestige pricing. Leader pricing means setting low prices on certain items to get people to come into the stores. The products so priced are called loss leaders because little or no profit can be made on them. The profits are made from other products people buy while in the store. Bait pricing, now generally considered illegal, means setting artificially low prices to attract customers. The store, however, has no inttention of selling goods at the bait prices. The point is to get people into the store and persuade them of the inferiority of the low priced item. Then a higher priced item is presented as a better altermative.A common retail tactic is odd priced products. For some products of $300, the store will set the price at $295 or$299.95 to give the appearance of a lower price. Automobiles and other high priced products are usually priced in this manner. For some reason $7995 has more appeal to a potential car customer than $8000.Bid pricing is a special kind of price setting. It is often used in the awarding of government contracts. Several companies are asked to submit bids on a job, and normally the lowest bidder wins. A school system may want to buy a large number of computers. Several companies are asked to submit prices, and the school district will decide on the best bid based as well on considerations of quality and service.63.We learn from the second paragraph, _____ .A.reducing cost is the surest way to increase profitsB.profits depend on how fast goods are movingC.fair markup promise the greatest profitsD.lower markup brings reasonable profits64.In a department store, the purpose of showing clients bait priced items is to _____ .A.demonstrate the bad quality of these itemsB.get them to purchase some other articlesC.earn some dirty money from these itemsD.persuade them to buy what they don't really need65.Odd even pricing method _____ .A.is often used with very expensive itemsB.is only effective on potential car customersC.is the most popular way of pricing a productD.is the most effective way of selling low priced products66.In a bidding deal, _____ .A.the buyer search from place to place for desired objectB.the government selects the best itemsC.the government transacts with an individualD.the sellers compete with each other for the bidPassage 5Educator today are more and more often hard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college studnets. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have permanet access to his or her own microcomputer. What advantages do computers offer the college stdent?Any sutdent who has used a word processor willk now one compelling reason to use a computer: to write papers. Although not all sutdents feel comfortable composing on a word delete just by pressing a few keys, tus eliminating the need to rewrite or retype. Furthermore, since the revison process is less burden some, students are more likely to revise as often as is necessary to end up with the best paper possible. For these reasons, many freshman English courses require the use of a word processor.Science studnets take advantage of computers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, for example, botany studeents can repressent and analyse different plant growth patterns. Medical students can learn to interpret computerized images of internal body structures. Physics studnts can comlpete complex calculations far more quickly than they could without the use of a computer.Similarly, business and accounting students find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but indispensable to many aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts, marketing, and public realtions find that knowledge of computer graphics is important. Education majors learn to develop grading systems suing computers, whill social science sutdnets use computers for analysing and graphically sisplaying their research results.It is no wonder, then, that educators support the purchase and use of computers by studnets.A versatile tool, the computer can help studnts learn. and that is, after all, the rason for going to college.67.The writer's chief purpose in writing this passage is to _____ .A.analyse the advantages and disadvantages of computers in educationB.persuade educators to increase computer use in the classroomsC.describe how computers can be useful to science and busiess studentsD.identify some of the ways computers bencefit college students68.With a word processor, a student _____ .A.saves a lot of time revising a paperB.feels at ease composing a paperC.spend less time in composing a paperD.does not have to write a paper69.In the first sentence of paragraph 4,“all but indispensable”is closest in meaning to_____ .A.closely relatedB.very necessaryC.almost impossibleD.hardly helpful70.What is the reason for students going to college, according to the author?A.To learnB.To master the use of computersC.To find applications for computersD.to make the best use of computersPart IV English Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(15 points)Trees do more than make life pleasant;they make life possible.Trees get water through their roots and,primarily through their leaves,they draw carbon dioxide from the air.(71) Then,with the action of sunlight on cells containing chlorophyll and other materials,chemical reactions occur,and oxygen is released. Through photosynthesis,an acre of trees produces enough oxygen to sustain three humans.(72) Eating wood might seem odd,but many low calorie breads and other baked goods now include powdered cellulose,which acts as a bulking agent to help hold the foods together.Trees have always been green machines,producing substances that humans learned to use.(73) The ancient Greeks,for example,treated pain with a tea made by boiling willow leaves and bark;a tea modern scientists now know contains salicin,a precursor of acetylsalicylic acid asprin. For centuries,the Chinese have derived medicines from the ginkgo tree.(74) More recently,researchers isolated and synthesized the chemical ginkgolide from the tree for use in treating asthma,toxie shock and other ills.As scientists unlock the secrets of trees,they uncover surprising facts.In the early 1980s David Rhoades,a chemical ecologist at the University of Washington,Seattle,discovered that trees send unseen signals to each other.(75) When willows are attacked by webworms and tent caterpillars,they give off a chemical that alerts nearby willows. The neighboring trees respond by pumping more tannin into their leaves,making them more difficult for the insects to digest.。
大学英语六级仔细阅读模拟练习题
xx年大学英语六级仔细阅读模拟练习题xx年大学英语六级仔细阅读模拟练习题The decline in moral standards—which has long concerned social analysts—has at last captured theattention of average Americans. And Jean Bethke Elshtain,for one, is glad.The fact the ordinary citizens are now starting tothink seriously about the nation’s moral climate, saysthis ethics (伦理学) professor at the University of Chicago, is reason to hope that new ideas will e forward to improve it.But the challenge is not to be underestimated. Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles. “The thought that ‘I’m in it for me’ has bee deeply rooted in the national consciousness,” Ms. Elshtain says.Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional munities, in which neighbors looked out for one another, she says. With today’s greater mobility and with so many couples working, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self.In a 1996 poll of Americans, loss of morality toppedthe list of the biggest problems facing the U.S. andElshtain says the public is correct to sense that: Data show that Americans are struggling with problems unheard ofin the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers.The desire for a higher moral standard is not a lament (挽歌) for some nonexistent “golden age,” Elshtain says, nor is it a wishful (一厢情愿的) longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities. Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejudice.Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society, she says. “Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that cant’ be bought.”36. Professor Elshtain is pleased to see that Americans .A) have adapted to a new set of moral standardsB) are longing for the return of the good old daysC) have realized the importance of material thingsD) are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards37. The moral decline of American society is caused manly by .A) its growing wealthB) the self-centeredness of individualsC) underestimating the impact of social changesD) the prejudice against women and minorities38. Which of the following characterizes thetraditional munities?A) Great mobility.B) Concern for one’s neighbors.C) Emphasis on individual effort.D) Ever-weakening social bonds.39. In the 1950s, classroom violence .A) was something unheard ofB) was by no means a rare ourrenceC) attracted a lot of pubic attentionD) began to appear in analysts’ data40. Aording to Elshtain, the current moral decline may be reversed .A) if people can return to the “golden age”B) when women and mean enjoy equal rightsC) when people rid themselves of prejudiceD) if less emphasis is laid on material thingsIn the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be s tressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress—itonly shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans whowork and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!” If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow.Even if stressful events are dangerous, many—like thedeath of a loved one—are impossible to avoid. Moreover,any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be pletely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignoresa lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity(逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many e through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a longtime without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.21. The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tells us .A) the way you handle major events may cause stressB) what should be done to avoid stressC) what kind of event would cause stressD) how to cope with sudden changes in life22. The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to .A) widespread concern over its harmful effectsB) great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC) an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD) popular avoidance of stressful jobs23. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows .A) how much pressure you are underB) how positive events can change your lifeC) how stressful a major event can beD) how you can deal with life-changing events24. Why is “such simplistic advice” (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow?A) No one can stay on the same job for long.B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.C) People have to get married someday.D) You could be missing opportunities as well.25. Aording to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may bee .A) nervous when faced with difficultiesB) physically and mentally strainedC) more capable of coping with adversityD) indifferent toward what happens to them。