Oxymoron,Antithesis,Transferred Epithet
poetic devices
1. images (意像):
• words or phrases that communicate sensory experiences and convey moods and emotions: • (1) The apparition of these faces in the crowd； • Petals on a wet, black bough. (In a Station of the Metro) • (2) 枯藤老树昏鸦，/小桥流水人家，/古道西风瘦马。 夕阳西下，/断肠人在天涯。 • (3) 日暮苍山远，天寒白屋贫。/柴门闻犬吠，/风雪夜归人。 • (4) 去年今日此门中，/人面桃花相映红。/人面不知何处去，/ • 桃花依旧笑春风。
• An important kind of metonymy is synecdoche, in which the name of a part is substituted for that of a whole (e.g. hand for worker), or vice versa. • e.g. hand: They were short of hands at harvest time. (part for whole) • head: He paid the workers $5 per head. (part for whole) • heart: Yet there were some stout hearts who attempted resistance. • legs: The legs could hardly keep up with the tanks. (part for whole) • bread: Give us this day our daily bread (prayer). (part for whole) • They say there’s bread and work for all. (part for whole) • Australia beat Canada at cricket. (whole for part) • The car conked out. (whole for part) • • • The plane’s flamed out! The radio (TV) is out of order. (whole for part) (whole for part) (冯翠华 1983:54-55)
常用生物学专业英语词汇同名
常用生物学专业英语词汇(同名19427)1.Biology - 生物学2.Cell - 细胞3.DNA - 脱氧核糖核酸4.RNA - 核糖核酸5.Gene - 基因6.Chromosome - 染色体7.Protein - 蛋白质8.Enzyme - 酶9.Mitosis - 有丝分裂10.Meiosis - 减数分裂11.Photosynthesis - 光合作用12.Respiration - 呼吸作用13.Evolution - 进化14.Adaptation - 适应15.Mutation - 突变16.Genetics - 遗传学17.Genotype - 基因型18.Phenotype - 表型19.Natural selection - 自然选择20.Ecology - 生态学21.Ecosystem - 生态系统22.Biodiversity - 生物多样性23.Conservation - 保护24.Endangered species - 濒危物种25.Extinction - 灭绝26.Classification - 分类27.Taxonomy - 分类学28.Kingdom - 界29.Phylum - 门30.Class - 纲31.Order - 目32.Family - 科33.Genus - 属34.Species - 种35.Anatomy - 解剖学36.Physiology - 生理学37.Microbiology - 微生物学38.Virology - 病毒学39.Immunology - 免疫学40.Biotechnology - 生物技术41.Genetic engineering - 基因工程42.Cloning - 克隆43.Stem cells - 干细胞44.Embryology - 胚胎学45.Developmental biology - 发育生物学46.Neurobiology - 神经生物学47.Botany - 植物学48.Zoology - 动物学49.Entomology - 昆虫学50.Marine biology - 海洋生物学51.Ornithology - 鸟类学52.Herpetology - 爬行动物学53.Mammalogy - 哺乳动物学54.Ecology - 生态学55.Population - 种群munity - 群落57.Ecosystem - 生态系统58.Habitat - 栖息地59.Food chain - 食物链60.Food web - 食物网61.Trophic level - 营养级62.Producer - 生产者63.Consumer - 消费者64.Decomposer - 分解者65.Mutualism - 互利共生66.Parasitism - 寄生mensalism - 共生68.Biome - 生物群落69.Tundra - 苔原70.Desert - 沙漠71.Grassland - 草原72.Forest - 森林73.Rainforest - 热带雨林74.Freshwater - 淡水75.Marine - 海洋76.Estuary - 河口77.Wetland - 湿地78.Adaptation - 适应79.Migration - 迁徙80.Hibernation - 冬眠81.Camouflage - 伪装82.Mimicry - 拟态83.Symbiosis - 共生84.Reproduction - 繁殖85.Asexual reproduction - 无性繁殖86.Sexual reproduction - 有性繁殖87.Fertilization - 受精88.Gamete - 配子89.Ovum - 卵子90.Sperm - 精子91.Pollination - 授粉92.Seed dispersal - 种子传播93.Germination - 发芽94.Growth - 生长95.Development - 发育96.Metabolism - 新陈代谢97.Homeostasis - 动态平衡98.Nervous system - 神经系统99.Digestive system - 消化系统100.Respiratory system - 呼吸系统。
(英语)英语综合综合试题回忆版真题完整版
（英语）英语综合综合试题回忆版题型一：30个词义辨析，这个考的很细节。
题型二：5个修辞手法，要自己会写题型三：150字左右的汉翻英题型四：150字左右的英英summary题型五：名词解释（语言学和文学各两个）1 derivation2 language3 Hamlet4 The lost generation题型六：整张试卷的重难点1 如何添加新词（英语语言的词汇丰富过程）2 尽可能多的写出“it is cold outside”的会话意义2 试尽可能多的写出The love song of Alfred Prufrock中Prufrock 的性格特点3 分析Thomas Hardy 的作品Tess of D’urbervilles 中TESS 这一人物2014年英语综合试题回忆版一30个词义辨析二5个修辞三150字汉翻英四summary五名词解释1 clipping2 language3 transcendentalism4 Willam Wordsworth题型六：重难点1 从distinctive property 相关知识考察其是否能区分人与动物的肢体或面部语言2 用sense and reference 相关知识分析以下两个例子，（例子是中文的，其中一个例子内容大概是：一个小偷对时尚杂志很感兴趣，关注杂志中的时尚服装，对裁缝来说，他会注意服装口袋的裁剪制作，而在小偷看来，他特别关注时尚在于关注服装的口袋，请问对小偷来说，他更关注什么，为什么？2015 年英语综合试题回忆版一30个选择二五个修辞三翻译五个汉译英，五个英译汉四summary五名词解释1 language2 error analysis3 Saul Bellow4 Doris lessing六分析题1 重要的ways of word formation 都有哪些，至少说出三个2 给了五组句子，是歧义句，说出每组句子的歧义所在3 what is Naturalism 什么是自然主义，并举例说明4 分析劳伦斯的儿子与情人作品中的Paul2014 年教育综合真题教育学一名词解释1 学校课程2 教育智慧二简答题1 课程研制的过程有哪些？2 教师劳动有哪些特点三论述如何理解人的全面发展？全面发展与个性发展的关系心理学一名词解释1 首因效应2 学校心理咨询二简答题1 什么是实验法，使用实验法时应该注意哪些事项2 影响问题解决的心理因素有哪些3 情绪情感在学习中的作用三论述题如何激发学生的学习动机，提高学生的学习效率2013年教育综合真题教育学一名词解释1 教育价值2 学校管理二简答题1 什么是教育个体功能2 影响课程实施的因素3 教育目的的定向功能具体表现在哪些方面4 有指导的教育学习指的是什么三论述教师应当具有怎么样的学生观心理学一名词解释1 社会知觉2 性格二简答1 使用测验法和调查法时应注意哪些事项2 注意分配依赖的条件3 想象的功能4 教师在教学工作中的角色和任务三论述智力发展的特征、影响因素、怎样开发学生的智力2012年教育综合真题教育学一名词解释1 教学模式2 教学功能二简答1 德育的一般规律2 班主任如何管理班级3 教师专业化发展的途径三论述论述新课改的趋势心理学一名词解释1 行为矫正治疗2 内隐记忆二简答1 知觉有哪些特性2 为什么说大脑是心理的主观能动性的器官3 教师为什么要学习心理学三论述论述教师应具备什么样的心理素质2011年教育综合真题教育学一名词解释1 教育制度2 国家课程二简答1 信息社会教育的主要特征2 我国教育目的的精神实质3 教师的职业角色三论述1 试述程序性教学知识及其教学设计2 为什么说教师的研究属于行为研究心理学一名词解释1 感觉2 性格3 能力4 再造想象二简答1 影响随意注意的因素有哪些2 情绪和情感的功能3 哪些心理因素影响问题解决三论述再创造性思维定义及其特点。
英语修辞方法概括。
⏹ 1. Hyperbole⏹the trial that rocked the world.⏹ 2. Transferred epithet⏹throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder⏹ 3. Synecdoche提喻⏹The case had erupted round my head.⏹ 4. Ridicule （instance of being made fun of）嘲笑⏹Bryan, ageing and paunchy (Para 10)⏹Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence. (Para 35)⏹ 5. Sarcasm （a cutting remark, a verbal sneer. Sarcasm pretends to disguise its meaning,but does not intend to be misunderstood）挖苦，讽刺⏹My friend the attorney-general (Para 13)⏹There is some doubt about that.(Para 19)⏹ 6. Irony (the expression of actual intent in words that carry the opposite meaning)反话，讽刺⏹the glorious age of the sixteenth century (Para 13)⏹7. Antithesis⏹The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he musthave come from below.⏹Example: To err is human; to forgive, divine. –Pope⏹8. Oxymoron;formed by conjoining of two contrasting terms⏹ a victorious defeat⏹ a deafening silence 震耳欲聋的沉默⏹9．Pun⏹Example: DARWIN IS RIGHT – INSIDE.'Seven days without water make one weak'. '七天没有水使人虚弱'/'七天没有水也成一星期。
高级英语第三版第一册1-7课修辞整理
Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille1.We can battle down and ride it out. (metaphor)2.Wind and rain now whipped the house. (metaphor)3.Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi. (metaphor)4.and the group heard gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated. Water rose above their ankles. (simile)5.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (simile)6.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (simile)7.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown-down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads. (simile)8. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (personification)9.Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. (transferred epithet)10. "Everybody out the back door to the cars!" John yelled. (elliptical)Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan1. “Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”. (anticlimax)2. …as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop... (alliteration)3. …where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony. (parallelism, transferred epithet)4. At last this intermezzo came to an end… (metaphor)5. This way I look at them and congratulate myself of the good fortune that my illness has brought me. (irony)6. Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others. (euphemism)7. Hiroshima—the “liveliest” [pun]City in Japan(irony)8. I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me. (alliteration)9. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt (synecdoche, metonymy)10. There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeated. (synecdoche)11. Was I not at the scene of the crime? (rhetorical question)12. Because I had a lump in my throat…. (metaphor)13. Whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. (onomatopoeia)14.No one talks about it any more, and no one wants to, especially the peo ple who were born here or who lived through it. (climax)Lesson 3 Blackmail1.As a result the nerves of both duke and duchess were excessively frayed when the muted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded. (metaphor)2. His wife shot him a swift, warning glance. (metaphor)3. You drove there in your fancy Jaguar, and you took a lady friend.(euphemism)4. The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.(metaphor)5. In what conceivable way does our car concern you? (rhetorical question)6. Her voice was a whiplash. (metaphor)7. The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle. (transferred epithet)8. Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks. (transferred epithet)9. The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly. (onomatopoeia)10. Eyes bored into him. (metaphor)Lesson 4 A Trial that Rocked the World1) The trial that rocked the world (hyperbole)2) Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder (transferred epithet)3) The case had erupted round my head (synecdoche)4) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted (ridicule)5) and it is a mighty strong combination (sarcasm)6) until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century (irony)7) There is some doubt about that. (sarcasm)8) No one, ... that may case would snowball into...(metaphor)9) The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sprouted with rickety stands selling hot… (metaphor)10) Resolutely he strode to the stand, [carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies]. (ridicule, simile)11) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence. (ridicule)12) Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a “victorious defeat” (oxymoron)13) ...our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere. (metaphor)14) He thundered in his sonorous organ tones. (metaphor)15）...champion had not scorched the infidels... (metaphor)16）…after the preliminary sparring over legalities… (metaphor)17)Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a … n. (metaphor)18)Then the court broke into a storm of applause that … (metaphor)19）...swept the arena like a prairie fire (simile)20)The oratorical storm … blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind (simile)21)...tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers... (Metonymy)22) The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below. (Metonymy)23)His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world. (Hyperbole)24)The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes t hat he must have come from below. (antithesis)25)when bigots lighted faggots to burn... (Consonance)26) There is never a duel with the truth," he roared. "The truth always wins -- and we are not afraid of it. The truth does not need Mr. Bryan. The truth is eternal. (Repetition)27)Darrow walked slowly round the baking court. (transferred epithet)28)Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political are na like a prairie fire.(Alliteration)29) DARWIN IS RIGHT—INSIDE(pun)Lesson 5 The Libido for the Ugly1. Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity (metaphor, transferred epithet, antithesis)2. Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination--and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats. (Antithesis, Repetition, hyperbole)3. There was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the age. (synecdoche)4. There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh to the Greensburg yards. There was not one that was misshapen, and there was not one that was not shabby. (Understatement; Litotes)5. The country is not uncomely, despite the grim of the endless mills. (Litotes, Overstatement)6. They would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides. (personification)7. On their low sides they bury themselves swinishly in the mud. (Metaphor)8. And one and all they are streaked in grim, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks. (Metaphor)9. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of a fried egg. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. (Metaphor, ridicule)10. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.(Irony, sarcasm)11. N.J. and Newport News, Va.Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy… (Metonymy)12. But in the American village and small town the pull is always towards ugliness, and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passion. (Ridicule)13. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror. (Irony)14. On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be positive libido for the ugly, as on the other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful. (Antithesis)15. The taste for them is as enigmatical and yet as common as the taste for the dogmatic theology and the poetry of Edgar A.Guest. (Metaphor)16. And some of them are appreciably better. (Sarcasm)17. They let it mellow into its present shocking depravity. (Metaphor; sarcasm)18. The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye. (Metaphor)19. The boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth. (hyperbole)20. What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrousness of every house in sight. (hyperbole)21. A steel stadium like a huge rat-trap somewhere further down the line. (simile, ridicule)22. Obviously, if there were architects of any professional sense of dinity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides. (sarcasm)23. By the hundreds and thousands these abominable houses cover the bare hillsides, like gravestones in some gigantic and decaying cemetery. (simile)24. They have the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen by a mortal eye. (hyperbole)25. They are incomparable in color, and they are incomparable in design. (sarcasm)26. It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all ingenuity of Hell to the making of them. (hyperbole and irony)27. Beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them. (sarcasm)28. In precisely the same way the authors of the rat-trap stadium that I have mentioned made a deliberate choice. (metaphor)29. They made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse, painted a starting yellow, on top of it. (ridicule)30. The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye. (metaphor)31. It is that of a Presbyterian grinning. (metaphor)32. This they have converted into a thing… low-pitched roof. (inversion)33. But nowhere on this earth, at home or abroad, have I seen anything to compare to the village(inversion)34. coal and steel town(synecdoche)35. boy and man(synecdoche)36. Was it necessary to adopt that shocking color? (rhetorical question)37. Are they so frightful because the valley is full of foreigners – dull, insensate brutes, with no love of beauty in them? (rhetorical question)38. a crazy little church. (transferred epithet)39. a bare leprous hill (transferred epithet)40. preposterous brick piers (transferred epithet)41. uremic yellow (transferred epithet)42. the obscene humor (transferred epithet)Lesson 6 Mark Twain --- Mirror of America1)saw clearly ahead a black wall of night... (Metaphor)2)main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart(Metaphor)3)All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up... (Metaphor)4)When railroads began drying up the demand... (Metaphor)5)...the epidemic of gold and silver fever... (Metaphor)6)Twain began digging his way to regional fame... Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles... (Metaphor)7)Most American remember M. T. as the father of... ...a memory that seemed phonographic(Simile)8) America laughed with him. (Hyperbole, personification)9)...to literature's enduring gratitude...(Personification)10)the grave world smiles as usual... (Personification)11) Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh (Personification)12)America laughed with him. (Personification)13)...between what people claim to be and what they really are… (Antithesis)14)...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever(Antithesis)15)… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy. (Euphemism)16)...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home(Alliteration)17)...with a dash and daring... ...a recklessness of cost or consequences...(Alliteration)18)...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe (Metonymy)19)For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the persistent, and was rebuffed. (metaphor)20)From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.(metaphor)21)He boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writers. (metaphor)22)he commented with a crushing sense of despair on men's final release from earthly struggles (euphemism)23) ...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land... (metaphor, antithesis)24) Most Americans remember ... the father of [Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.] (parallelism, hyperbole)25)The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied --a cosmos (hyperbole)26) the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States(metaphor)27) Steamboat decks teemed...main current of...but its flotsam(metaphor)28) Twain began digging his way to regional fame... (metaphor)29) life dealt him profound personal tragedies... (personification)30) the river had acquainted him with ... (personification)31) ...an entry that will determine his course forever... (personification)32) Personal tragedy haunted his entire life. (personification)33)Keelboats, ...carried the first major commerce (synecdoche)Lesson 7 Everyday Use for your grandmamma1. “Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”. Wangero said, laughing. (irony)2. “Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird. “can I have these old quilts?” (simile)3. …showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse… (metaphor)4. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me …(metaphor)5. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (hyperbole)6. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. (simile)7. Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car, sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him? (metaphor)8. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out. (hyperbole)9. Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. (simile)10. It is like an extended living room. (simile)11. Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue. (assonance)12. My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. (simile)13. She gasped like a bee had stung her. (simile)14. You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. (metaphor)15. Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? (rhetorical question)。
[原创]《英语修辞》作业参考答案
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《英语修辞》作业参考答案I.1．明喻引喻拟人平行通感矛盾修饰法提喻突降委婉语头韵隐喻对照移就隽语转喻层递低调陈述重复夸张元韵2．Metaphor Antithesis Transferred Epithet ParadoxMetonymy Climax Understatement RepetitionHyperbole Assonance Simile AllusionPersonification Parallelism Synaesthesia OxymoronSynecdoche Anticlimax Euphemism AlliterationII.1. C (Alliteration)2. A (Metaphor)3. B (Pun)4. B (Metonymy)5. D (Understatement)6.C (Euphemism)7. A (Allusion)8. A (Parallelism)9. D (Oxymoron) 10. B. (Anticlimax) 11. C (Simile) 12.D (Personification)13. A (Synaesthesia) 14. D (Synecdoche) 15. B (Hyperbole) 16.B (Antithesis); 17. A (Repetition) 18. C (Irony) 19. D (Parody) 20. C. (Zeugma)III.1.B (Anticlimax)2. D (Personification)3. C (Simile)4. D (Repetition)5. C (Euphemism)6. C (Rhetorical Question)7. A (Anastrophe) 8. C (Simile)9. A (Metaphor) 10. C (Alliterarion)11.D (Oxymoron) 12. C (Simile)13.B (Transferred Epithet) 14. A (Synaesthesia)15. B (Pun) 16. C (Simile)17. B (Pun) 18 D (Parallelism)19. A (Metaphor) 20. D (Understatement)IV.1.Simile2. Transferred Epithet3. Euphemism4. Synecdoche5. Hyperbole6. Parallelism7. Climax 8. Assonance 9. Parody10. Palindrome 11. Metaphor 12. Synaesthesia13. Understatement 14. Allusion 15. Paradox16. Repetition 17. Pun 18. Zeugma19. Malapropism 20. Rhetorical Question 21.Simile22. Metaphor 23. Anticlimax; 24.Simile25.Understatement 26. Personification;V1.C (Simile); D (Personification)2. A (Parallelism); B (Antithesis); D (Repetition);3. B (Metaphor); C (Allusion); D (Anastrophe)4. B (Hyperbole); D (Syllepsis)5. C (Simile); D (Personification)6. B (Antithesis); C (Alliteration); D (Metonymy)7. A (Metaphor); D (Personification);8. B (Climax); D (Repetition)9. B (Antithesis); C (Oxymoron)10. A (Pun); C (Rhetorical Question)11. B (Hyperbole); D (Personification)12. A (Metaphor); D (Personification);13. A (Metaphor); C (Irony)14. B (Hyperbole); C (Climax)15.2. C (Simile); D (Personification);16.A (Antithesis); C (Alliteration); D (Pun)VI.省略VII．AParagraph (1) Alliteration, SimileParagraph (2) ParallelismParagraph (3) Personification, Verb-MetaphorParagraph (4) Personification, AlliterationParagraph (5) MetaphorBParagraph (1) Understatement, SimileParagraph (2) Alliteration, Parallelism,Paragraph (3) Parallelism,Paragraph (4) Antithesis, MetaphorParagraph (5) Personification, Alliteration, ParallelismCParagraph (1) Parallelism, PersonificationParagraph (2) Parallelism, PersonificationParagraph (3) Antithesis, Climax, Metaphor, Allusion, Parallelism, Personification Paragraph (4) ParallelismDParagraph (1) HyperboleParagraph (2) Assonance, Consonance, AllusionParagraph (3)Paragraph (4) Metaphor。
Lesson 10修辞和Paraphrase-08
intent in words that carry the opposite meaning. It is an effective literarபைடு நூலகம் device because it gives the impression of great restraint.
• •
Paraphrase
• • 11. The spectators chuckled and Bryan warned to his work. The audience chuckled (laughed quietly) and Bryan was encouraged by the audience’s appreciation of his sarcasm and become more enthusiastic.
The figures of speech
• • • • A victorious defeat A living death Cruel kindness Parting is such sweet sorrow.
• “睁眼瞎” • 真实的谎言
back
The figures of speech
Paraphrase
• 15. When Malone finished there was a momentary hush. Then the court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that for Bryan. When Malone finished it was silent for only a very brief time and then there was outburst of applause, greater than Bryan had received.
生物分子学英文单词
operon
操纵子
a coordinated unit of gene expression
基因表达的协同单位
cis-acting element
顺式作用元件
trans-acting factor
反式作用因子
sequence specific DNA binding protein
序列特异性DNA结合蛋白
micRNA
mRNA干扰性互补RNA
folding enzymes，foldases
折叠酶
molecular chaperone
分子伴侣
signal peptide
信号肽
plaque signal
信号斑
motif
基序
zinc finger
锌指结构
leucine zipper motif
亮氨酸拉链
domain
诱发突变
mutagen
诱发剂
mutagenesis
突变生成作用
mutant gene
突变基因
mutant
突变体
substitution
碱基置换突变
frame shift mutation
移码突变
transition
转换
transversion
颠换
synonymous mutation
同义突变
missense mutation
插入序列
inverted reprats IR
反向重复序列
IS-like elements
类插入序列
β-lactamase
β-内酰胺
activator/dissociation体系
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Soul Sister
Two forms:
Group1: Comparison between two aspects of one thing （一物两面对照）
Group2: Comparison between two things（两物对照）
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Soul Sister
Group1: Comparison between two aspects of one thing（一物两面对照） Examples：
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Group 3: adj. + sb. / sth. →adj. + another thing
Examples：
1.the noisy friendliness of a pub ①The child was noisy in the morning. ②It’s a noisy place.
《愤怒的葡萄》
Soul Sister
Three forms:
Group 1: adj. + sb.→ adj. + sth. Group 2: adj. + sth. → adj. + another thing Group 3: adj. + sb. / sth. → adj. + another thing
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Group 1: adj. + sb. → adj.+ sth. Examples: 1. a murderous knife a knife used by a murderous villain 2. my wild days, my mad existence the days when I was wild and mad
Oxymoron Antithesis
Transferred Epithet
Soul Sister
Oxymoron （矛盾修饰法）
Definition: An oxymoron is a compressed paradox formed by the conjoining of two contrasting, contradictory terms.
慈悲致死
Soul Sister
Five forms:
Group4: v. + adv. shine darkly die merrily
油黑发亮 快乐的死去
Group5: n. + n. a love-hate relationship; the sound of silence
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Antithesis （平行对照）
Definition:
It is a figure which gives the contrast of ideas by means of words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. It deliberately arranges contrast words or ideas in balanced structure for emphasis.
教育使一个民族易于引导，但却难于驾驭；易于管理， 但却不可能奴役。
Soul Sister
Group2: Comparison between two things （两物对照） Examples:
1. His fees were high; his lessons were light.
他的费收得很高，课却很轻。
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Soul Sister
Examples:
1.Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.
知识使人谦卑，无知使人骄傲。
2.A pessimist is one who makes difficulties of his opportunities; an optimist is one who makes opportunities of his difficulties.
2.the peaceful comfort of someone’s home ①Peaceful people are not violent. ②A peaceful place is quiet and calm.
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Difference between Transferred Epithet
Oxymoron:
a loving hate or a hating love
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Effect:
矛盾修饰法语言精练简洁，利用词义层面上的 矛盾意义来揭示某一特定语境中的存在于复杂 客观世界的哲理和深刻内涵。 E.g. Beautiful tyrant! Fiend angelical! 美丽的暴君！天使般的魔鬼！ Dove feather's raven! Wolfish--ravening lamb! 披着白鸽羽毛的乌鸦！残忍若豺狼的羔羊！ Despised substance of divinest show! 圣洁的外表包着丑恶的祸心！ Just opposite to what you justly have seen! 与你之所见恰恰相反！ A damned saint, an honourable villain! 一个应受诅咒的圣人，一个诚实体面的恶棍！ 7/14/2013 (Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet) Soul Sister
悲观的人把机会变成困难，乐观的人将困难 化为机会。
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Soul Sister
Transferred Epithet(移就)
Definition:
It is a figure in which an adj. is transferred from the n. should be modified to another n. to which it does not belong.
Soul Sister
Difference between Oxymoron and
Paradox(隽语)
Oxymoron 是停留在短语层次上的修辞格， Paradox (隽语) 则属于句子层次上的修辞格。因 此，Oxymoron 被称为“condensed paradox”,即缩小的Paradox; Paradox 则是 “expanded oxymoron”,即扩大的 Oxymoron。 e.g. Paradox: I hate and love.
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2. Large houses are still occupied while weavers’ cottages stand empty.
大房子仍然占据着，而纺织工人的小屋却空着。
Soul Sister
Difference between Antithesis and
Contrast（对照） 一般认为Antithesis属于句子结构上的修辞 格，Contrast是词义上的修辞格。两者有相 似之处，即都把意义相反的语言单位并列在 一起加以对照以突出差别；但也有相异之处， 主要在于 Contrast 不像 Antithesis 那样 要求结构匀称、排列整齐。
移就是指一种形容词从它本应该修饰的一 类名词转移到它本不应该修饰的一类名词 上的修辞手法。
Soul Sister
For example:
She is engaged in diahonest calling.
她从事的是不正当的职业
The Grapes of Wrath (John Seinbeck)
For example:
Words: up and down;
joys and sorrows. Phrases: a happy healthy man and a decrepit wreck. Clauses: If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. Sentences: They that sow in tears shall reap in joy.
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Examples:
1.Antithesis：Ask not what your
country can do for you, and ask what you can do for your country.
不要问国家能为你们做些什么，而要问你 们能为国家做些什么。
2.Contrast: Let both sides explore
1. Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more.
不是我不爱凯撒，而是我更爱罗马。
cation makes people easy to lead, but difficult to drive; easy to govern, but impossible to enslave.
对照是指通过意义完全相反的单词、短语、从句或者句 子来进行对比的修辞手法。它旨在在平衡的结构中安插 相对的词句以起强调作用。 Antithesis有两个特点：一是语义上的对照性，二是结 构上的对称性。因此，该辞格可看作是Parallelism （平行）与Contrast（对照）的结合， Soul Sister 故译作“平行对照”。
矛盾修饰法是把一对语意相反、相对立的词 巧妙地放在一起使用，借以表达复杂的思想 感情或说明某种意味深长的哲理。 Soul Sister
For example: