词汇学

词汇学

Assignments（派生法思考题）：

1. What are the characteristics of prefixes and suffixes?

2. What is affixation? 什么是词缀法？What’s the difference between prefixation and suffixation?

3. What are the characteristics of prefixes and suffixes? 前缀和后缀的特点？

4. Each of the following sentences contains a word printed in italics. Complete the sentence by using this word to form a noun to refer ro a person.

a. If you are employed by a company, you are one of its _____.

b. A _____ is someone whose job is politics.

c. The _____ in a discussion are the people who participate in it.

d. A woman who works as a _____ does the same job as a waiter.

e. The person who conducts an orchestraor choir is called _____ .

f. Your _____ is the person who teaches you.

g. A _____ is someone who earns their living by playing the piano.

h. If someone examines you, you are the _____ and he or she is the _____.

答案：employee, politician, participator, waitress,

conductor, teacher, pianist, examinee, examiner

Compounding 复合词

1. 以所列单词为第一个成分，根据定义写出复合词。

A. green

1. a stretch of land, round a town, where building is not allowed, so that fields, woods, etc. , remain:________

2. a shop-keeper who sells vegetables and fruit:_____

3. a young, inexperienced person, especially male, who is easily cheated:_________

4. a room in a theatre or concert hall where actors, musicians, etc., can rest when not performing:________

B. hand

1. a small bag for a woman to carry her. money and personal things in:________

2. a short book giving all the most important information about a subject: ________

3. an apparatus that stops a vehicle, worked by the, driver's hand:____

4. a bar of wood or metal fixed beside a place where one walks for, holding onto, especially near stairs; ________

C. after

1. the care or treatment to someone after a period in hospital, prison, etc. :______

2. an effect (usually unpleasant) that follows some time after the cause or after the main effect:______

3. a taste that stays in the mouth after the food that caused it is no longer there:_______

4. an idea that comes later:_____

D. sleeping

1. a large thick envelope or bag of warm material for sleeping in when camping:_____

2. a railway carriage with beds for passengers:_____

3. a pill which helps a person to sleep:_____

4. a partner in a business who takes no active part in its opera-tion: _______

１

E; running

1. a person with whom another is running for a pair of political positions of greater or less importance, especially those of President and Vice-President:_____

2. handwriting in which the letters are slanted and the words formed without lifting the pen:______.

3. a headline repeated on consecutive pages (as of a book): _______

4. a footboard especially at the side of an automobile:_______

F. wash

1. a large fixed basin for water for washing one's hands and face:_______

2. a movable board with a wavy surface against which clothes may be rubbed when washing:______ |

3. a woman whose job is to wash clothes, often in her own home:_______

4. a cloth that is used for washing one's face and body:_____

G. sun

1. the condition of having sore. skin after experiencing the effects of strong sunlight:______

2. a flash of sunlight, especially through a break in clouds: _____

3. the time when the sun is seen to disappear as night begins: _____

4. strong sunlight, as when there are no clouds:_____

H. break

1. a sudden failure in operation:_____

2. the unlawful cantering of a building, using force:______

3. the action of forcing a way through the enemy:______

4. a division into smaller parts:_____

I. out

1. a sudden appearance or beginning of something bad:______

2. a public show of anger:_____

3. money spent for a purpose:______

4. a way through which something (usually a liquid or a gas) may go out: _____

答案

A. greenbelt greengrocer greenhorn greenroom

B. handbag handbook handbrake handrail

C. aftercare aftereffect aftertaste afterthought

D. sleeping bag sleeping car sleeping pill sleeping partner

E. running mate running hand running head running board

F. washbasin washboard washerwoma washcloth

G. sunburn sunburst sunset sunshine

H. breakdown break-in breakthrough breakup

I. outbreak outcry outlay outlet

Conversion 转化

找出下列句子中由名词转化的动词

1. A shy, frightened child stood before a government inspector in a Polish schoolroom. "Name the Czar of Russia," he barked; the girl did so in a voice which she tried to keep steady. ( )

2. At once the villagers formed a circle and started moving around me, singing to the accompaniment of a kol-a. ( )

3. Agamemnon with the rest of the Greek army sailed away in their ships at night. ( )

4. Almost before the Trojans could arm themselves and long before they could make any plans for

２