托马斯哈代

Desperate Remedies （1871）《铤而走险》
The Hand of Ethelberta （1876）《埃塞尔伯塔的婚姻》 A Laodicean （1881）《冷漠的人》
Poetrys :
In1898～1928，He has published eight thousand short poems，Including the 《威塞克斯诗集》、《今 昔之歌》、《时间的笑柄》、《环境的讽刺》、《幻觉的 瞬间》、《中晚期抒情诗》、《人性面面观》、《晚岁之 歌》，其中包括感怀诗、哲理诗、爱情诗、咏物诗、讽刺 诗、战争诗、悼亡诗等等。三部诗剧《列王》和《康沃尔 王后的著名悲剧》等。
creation
1871:published the first novelDesperate Remedies 1928:died
Father :
a stonemason and local builder ,good at playing violin
Mother :
Family
First wife :
Thankyou
Thankyou
曹启鸿
A pair of Blue Eyes 1873《一双湛蓝的眼睛》
Two on a Tower 《塔上的两个人》
The Well -Beloved (first published as a serial from 1892)
《心爱的人》
3、Novels of Ingenuity (机巧和实验小说)
Thomas Hardy
(1840-1928)
life story
birth
family life experience
major works
influnences
achievements
in June 2 ,1840
at Dorset country
Born
his life in this area was the background of his novels
Influences on literature
plot (情节）：Hardy's plot to make a lot of writers are no
longer satisfied with a simple conflict between good and evil, but as a complex plot by the contents seep into the character's inner world, thereby enhancing the performance of the depth and breadth
Techniques and styles（技巧和风格）:Hardy
in writing strokes were used to mimic many writers
Marriage View(婚恋观）:He advocated the freedom of
marriage, and the marriage view has had a huge impact on the United States
1860s ------------------------------1920s
poetry novel poetry
（20部长篇小说，8部诗集“共918首诗歌”，3 部历史剧）
He divided his novels into three groups :
1、Novels of Character and Environment (性 格与环境小说）
Achivements : He was an important English novelist and poet in the late 19th century and the early 20th century ,he played a role of linking in English literary history and was regarded as one of the most outstanding writers and the forerunner of English literature .
These works consists of three chapters .Chapter I will confirm that according to Hardy ,social factions ,individual wills and the defective universe led to a miserable human life .And it will show Hardy 's complex views on tragedy of society ,tragedy of life and tragedy of fate in his novels and poetry .
（the success of the last work made him to give up architecture for writing )
2、Novels of Romances &Fantasies (罗曼史和 幻想的小说)mainly talk about romantic love stories
Experiences : 1848: learn the Latin language and literature
1856: as an apprentice 学徒to an architect 1862: being an architect in London 1867:returned home ,and began his literary
Comparable to Tolstoy, Dostoevsky tied Ostrovsky, is regarded as a pioneer in English literature.（堪与托尔斯泰、陀思 妥职夫斯基并列，被看作英国文学的先 驱。）
Woolf(伍尔夫） said he was "Britain's greatest tragedy fiction master Weber（韦伯）said he was "British novels Shakespeare." Xu said: "Hardy is definitely not an arbitrary pessimists, though he sometimes could not stop his indignation and depression in the performance ...... Hardy in his darkest moments of the most depressed he did not give up looking for a way out of his mind determination to seek a way out of the human future determination. his realistic, his so-called pessimistic, it was his ideologically loyal and brave. "徐志摩指出：“哈代绝非一个武断的悲观论者，虽 然他有时在表现上不能制止他的愤慨与抑郁……哈代在他 最烦闷最黑暗的时刻他也不放弃为他的思想寻求一条出路 的决心，为人类前途寻求一条出路的决心。他的写实，他 的所谓悲观，正是他在思想上的忠实与勇敢。”
(Emma Lavinia Gifford )
well-read ,interested in folklore and cultural tradition
married in 1874,her death in 1912,had a traumatic effect on him
his secretary (Florence Second wife: Emily Dugdale ) married in 1914
The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886)《卡斯特桥市长》 Tess of the D,，Urbervilles (1891)《德伯家的苔丝》
Jude the Greenwood Tree (1872)《绿荫下》
Far from the Madding Crowd (1874)《远离尘嚣》
Characters（人物形象）：Hardy's
way of the description of the characters are delicate, deep, deep inside that person is easy to reveal the inner world of privacy and complexity, so he got the later writer's recognition and praise
1914:marrie
d with his secretary
Parents
the second wife
1874:married
with Emma
the first wifeTLeabharlann eme:Major works
Hardy's novels are rustic theme, the story takes place in his hometown, but he never used its real name, hometown of "Dorset" (Dorchester) to call him the description of the countryside, but the unity of "Wessex"（威塞克斯小说系列）