0408托福听力文字
0408托福听力文字
蓝色字为注释，红色字为尚待校正部分。
04年 8月托福听力文字Part A1．M: Mariah, I lent you a couple of videos last week. I'd like to pass them on to another student todayW: I have one in my bag ,but could I keep the other one until tomorrow ?I haven't quite finished it yetQ: what does the woman imply?2．M: Is there a discount on tiket with the student ID card?M: Oh, let me see, I need to check. Just a second.Q: what can be inferred about the woman?3．W: Didn't you say your brother used to come to the school before you did?M: Yep, he sure did. And my sister will star next fall.Q: What does the man mean4. M: I've been looking to buy a red sweater. But I can't find one anywhere in town W: You know. I just saw one in campus store. And it looked like may be your size Q: What does the woman say about the campus store..5. W: Can I use your computer this afternoon? Every time I go to the library, noneof the ones there are free.M: I've got a big project to finish tomorrow. Is there anyone else you can ask? Q: what can be inferred from the conversation?6. M: Nancy, remember yesterday you asked me to pay your phone bill? I forgot W: What! Yesterday was the last day of the month. Now I have to pay an extra free Q: What does the woman mean?7. W: What happened? We were supposed to meet here at 5 o’clock I've been waitingfor you almost 20 minutesM: Sorry. I was working all day for my history paper and I got to so wrapped up in the research that I completely lost track of the time.Q: What does the man mean?8. M: I wish I could help you. But, I'm not really good with computers. WheneverI have a problem with my computer, I just turn the whole thing off and thenstart all over again.W: Well, I try that already about a dozen times.Q: what can be inferred about the conversation?9. M: I'm really enjoying that literature class with Professor Benson. Wasn’t thelecture this morning interesting?W: To tell you the truth, I was so exhausted from staying up last night to finish the reading, but I didn't get much out of itQ: what does the woman mean?10. M: I'm looking for a gift for a friend of mine. Any suggestions?W: Well, I’d have to know a little bit about your friend first. It's hard for me to say otherwise.Q: what does the woman imply the man should do?11. M: Why are you lugging that heavy history books around? Don't you know you canread it all on a computer?W: Yeah. But that' not for me. There's something about the few of the printed page that just appeals to me.Q: what does the woman mean?12. W: Look at this place. It's a complete mess .my roommate never helps cleananything. She's always on the phone and...M: It's sounds like one of you will have to go.Q: What does the man mean?13. W: I hope it's not going to rain for the picnic on Sunday. I'd hate to have tocall everyone and postpone it again.M: Well, sorry to tell you this .But you'd better get the guest's list and calendar out.Q: what does the man imply?14. M: I wish I could afford season tickets to the opera.W: Well, just think of how much time you have to do other thingsQ: what does the woman imply15. W: So what we have in this article, are two different opinions about the samehistorical period, and I’d want you to notice how far part they are? M: Excuse me. Professor Walton. But which one do you think is right?Q: what does the man want professor to do?16. W: I just found someone's wallet lying in the street. Luckily, the owner'stelephone number is inside.M: My house is a short walk from hereQ: what does the man imply?17. W: I need these articles photocopied and stapled(装订)for my 4'o clockmeeting .Do you think you can have it done by then.M: There are several letters I need to type. They are not very urgent though.So I can make this my top priority.Q: what will the man probably do?18. W: Is biology class cancelled next Friday for the long weekend.M: Professor Smith cancelled the class? You've got to be joking?Q: what does the man mean?19. M: I was wondering if you might be able to go the drug store for me and geta bottle of cough syrup and some flu medicine.W: You know, you've been sick for over a week now. Why don't you get yourself looked at?Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?20. W: That was really nice of you to look over my application to graduate school.What did you think of my answer to that last question? You know, where I have to state my career goals and how I've been working towards them the past few yearsM: I think your statement is OK. But why do you mention only your course. Itseems to be you should also describe your work experienceQ: what does the man imply?21. M: If Jane calls, would you tell her I had to go to the newspaper office fora few minutes?W: OK. Should I tell her she can reach you anytime after ,say ,2'o clock?Q: what will the woman probably do when Jane calls?22. M: I'm so sorry. Is that your coat over there? I just split the coffee on it. W: It's no big deal. I was taking it to the cleaner's anyway.Q: what can be inferred from the conversation?23. M: I am studying biochemistry, but I wonder if that fields are already tooover-crowed.W: I doubt it. If present trends continue, you should pretty much have your pick of jobs by the time you graduate.Q: what does the woman mean?24. W: I'm on the publicity committee for the arts school exhibition being held onSaturday .And I'm wondering you were supposed to oversee the invitation. M: Is this Saturday already? I've forgotten about it. But, yes I did respond that I'd be there25. M: I can't imagine that anyone would pay 7 dollars for 3 ouches of toothpaste. W: I guess this new toothpaste company knows something we don't. Because it sure seems to be selling.Q: what does the woman imply?26. M: Don't you find professor Joson to be very intimidating? He seems so strictin class.W: It might be too early to tell. But I hear he usually loosens up by about middle termsQ: what does the woman mean?27. M: It's so nice that I plan to go hiking. But there's storm warning on the radio. W: If I were you i would reconsider. The weather can be very changeable around here.Q: what does the woman imply the man should do?28. W: Have you noticed what creative drawing Sidney makes? I'm surprised she isnot interested in going into commercial art(商业美术).M: I know. But I 'm sure she'll do well in law school too.Q: what can be inferred about Sidney?29. W: Excuse me. I'm trying to get to the health clinic. But I seem to have lostmy way.M: Sorry .This is my first day on this campus.Q: What does the man imply?30. W: Are you interested in seeing that new film Saturday night? I heard it’s reallygood.M: This Saturday? Well, thanks. But, you know I’m a big sports fan, and basketball team is playing then. How about Sunday?Q: What does the man imply?Part B31～34W：So you are up to some tennis this afternoon or what?M: Well, to tell you the truth, I’m not feeling so hot today.W: Come on. How long has it been since we played.M: A couple of days.W: A couple of days? Come on. It’s been mo re than a couple of days.M: Yeah. I guess you’re right. It’s been almost a week.W: It’s been exactly a week. And we used to play at least three times this week. M: I know. Playing right after classed was something to look forward to.W: Yeah. And it was right before dinner. So we build up our appetite.M: I’ve just been very busy. I guess. And my stomach is bothering today.W: But you look ok to me.M: Well, I was up late with Steve in the library working on a project we got to do by tomorrow for that anthropology class. We've been working on it all weekend. And I was drinking a lot of coffee. I guess I just drank too much. W: Listen. I took that class last semester. And I could meet you in the library later tonight and help with if you want. And then you have time to play tennis this afternoon.M: Yeah. I guess my stomach doesn’t hurt that bad. And I could certainly use your help. But it’s also….W: Is there something else bothering you?M: Well, to be honest, I am getting tired of always losing.（总算说实话了^_^）31 What are the students mainly discussing?32 When was the last time the speaker play tennis?33 What does the man think is the reason for his stomach?34 What does the woman offer to do for the man?35～38M: How about a walk, Nancy?W: Sure. Let’s go now before it gets dark.M: What’s your hurry?W: Haven’t you noticed? The street lights on campus are different. They gave offa hazy(朦胧的) yellow glow that make some colors fade out. It is not as muchfun taking an evening walk as it was before.M: Oh, you mean the new sodium bulbs. Yeah, that was in the newspaper. They make things look different alright. But they provide better visibility than regular lighting. They are tuned to the colors in which human vision is the sharpest and that section is amplified. The problem is that a lot of the colors are blocked out.W: Well, I don’t feel comfortable when green looks like brown. Sodium bulbs might make sense for highways, though, if they really do improve visibility so much.M: Yeah. And the interesting thing is that the new halogen headlights(双卤素前灯) on cars cancel out the adverse aspects of sodium lighting and the colors appear natural again.W: Well, then sodium bulbs should be used only where there are a lot of cars. Why are they in places where I want to take a quiet walk? The city must be trying to save money.M: It is. Sodium bulbs last about 7 times longer than regular bulbs. It can be that,I guess.35 What’ the main subject of this conversation?36.Why does the woman want to take a walk right away?37 Why do colors appear natural at night on a highway lighted by sodium bulbs?38 What’s one reason that sodium bulbs are being installed?Part C39-41I’d like to share with you today my experience with the new approach to building a house. It’s called Envelop Building. Essentially, what it means is that as you are building a house, you try to leave the landscape feature on the land, especially the vegetation in the original condition. So what you are not doing is the usual practice of land-scraping. By which I mean literally scraping or clearing land of any and all the original plants. Why is the approach called Envelop Building? Because instead of clearing everything away, you let your original landscape elements envelop or surround your house. Let the vegetation physical features such as hills and slopes or interesting rock formations, constituted a significant part of the character of the building sight. The design of the house should take these features of the property into account. Actually integrating your original wild landscape witha house is not that new. The famous American architect Wright was doing it about65 years ago. So we are in good company. Envelop Building is not as easy as it sounds though. I t’s not just that you build your house and leave the land alone. By building, you are already damaging the original landscape. But as architects, we should try to work with environment, not against it. A creative architect can find ways to incorporate natural landscape into the overall design. For example, why used the massive boulders on the side of one of the most famous houses has part of the house foundation?39According to the professor, what does the term “landscaping” refer to?40In Envelop Building, what is done with the landscape features of a building sight?41 Why does the professor mention the architect Frank Loid Wright?42-46Today we are going to talk about copyrighting works of art. A copyright is a proof of authorship（作者身份）. It protects artists against someone else using their work without their permission. It’s important to remember that United States Copyright Law protects artistic expressions such as paintings, but does not protect any ideas,concept, procedure or technique. In all the United States Copyright Law, Artists needed to take several steps to obtain copyright protection. The law as changed in 1978 and again 1989. For artists the current law means everything they create is automatically and immediately copyrighted. They don’t have to file any documents and under the protection of the Copyright Law, any recreations of their original work such as prints are also covered by the artists copyright. Further more, any changes artists made to their original works are covered. The Law also makes it clear that when someone buys the work of art, they are not allowed to destroy or change that work of art. Artists keep the copyright even after selling the work of art. The purchaser may buy the physical work, but the right to make prints or copies is still the artists’ and buyers does not automatically have any right to make and sell prints or copies of work. Although works are automatically copyrighted, artists are encouraged to register their work with United States Copyright Office. Registering art provides additional legal protection and also gives the people around the world the ability to approach the honors about licensing and purchasing right.42 What is the talk mainly about?43 When does the Artist Copyright start?44 What does the United States Copyright Law state about a work of art that is sold?45 What does the professor say about the United States Copyright Law?46 What is an advantage of registering art with the United States Copyright Office.47-50Today let’s talk about synesthesia(副感觉), that’s a brain condition in which a person’s sense s are combined in a unusual ways. For example, a person with synesthesia may taste sounds. To them, a musical note may taste like a pekoe(香红茶). Many people who have synesthesia experience intense colors when they hear specific words. For example, they might see a flash of pink every time they hear the word “jump”. For a long time, many scientists were unconvinced that synesthesia really exists. So in the 1990s an experiment was done to find our for sure. Two groups were studied. One was a group of people who claim to experience colors when they heard certain words. The other was a controlled group, people who experience nothing out of the ordinary when hearing words. Each group was asked to describe the colors they thought of when they heard a list of spoken words. When the test was repeated, the difference between the two groups was startling. After just a week, the controlled group gave the same answers only a third of the time. But even a year of a half later, the synesthetic group gave the same answers 92% of the time. Clearly, this is not just a matter of memory. Scientists are still not sure just why synesthesia happens. But certain drugs are reportedly able to produce it artificially. So we all probably have brains with connections that could synesthesia. It’s just the connections normally are used in that way.47 What’ the main purpose of the talk?48 What’s the one example of synesthesia that the professor mentions?49 What was the purpose of the experiment the professor mentioned50 What were some of people in the study able to do?。
托福TPO第八套听力原文
智课网TOEFL备考资料托福TPO第八套听力原文摘要：很多人最近咨询小编有没有托福TPO第八套听力原文内容，小编今天就告诉大家一个好消息，去小马官网免费下载托福TPO第八套听力原文，并且小马的老师还给考生准备了托福TPO（01-33）套的所有内容现在很多考生在备考的时候都会用到托福 tpo，有的考生在网上只能找到tpo听力的答案，但是对于原文一直都找不到，今天小编给大家整理了托福TPO第八套听力原文的相关内容，让考生惊喜的是除了托福TPO第八套听力原文以外，还有相应的题目供大家参考。
托福TPO 8 Conversation 1：Stu：Hi, I'd like to drop of my graduation form; I understand you need this in order to process my diploma.Pro：Ok, I will take that. Before you leave, let's me check our computer. Looks like you are OK for graduation, and actually, I am getting a warning fly on your academic record here.Stu：Really?Pro：Yeah. Let's see was what. Are you familiar with your graduation requirements?Stu：Yes, I think soPro：Then you know you need 48 credits in your major field to graduate and at least 24 credits in the intermediate level or higher. Also, after your second year, you have to meet with your department chair to outline a plan for the rest of your time here. In the past, we also issue letters before students' final year began to let them know what they needed to take in the final year to be OK, but we don't do that anymore.Stu：I definitely met with my chair person 2 years ago; he told me that I need 8 more courses at the intermediate level or higher in the last 2 years to be OK. So I am not sure what the problem is, I make sure I got these credits.Pro：Unfortunately, the computer is usually pretty reliable; I am not sure what was going on here.Stu：It could be that I have taken 2 basic courses but couple both of them with a few experiences.Pro：What do you mean?Stu：I could only take intro courses because there were no intermediate level courses available for those particular topics. My chair person told me that if I did the independent field researches in addition to the science work each course; they would count as the intermediate level courses. My classmates, some of my classmates, did this for an easy way to meet their intermediate course requirement, but I did it to get the kind of depth in those topics was going for. As I turned out I was really enjoy the field work, which I supplement just sitting and listening the lecturesPro：I am sure that's true, but the computer still showing the miss basic level courses despite the field work.Stu：I am not sure what to do then, I mean, should I cancel my graduation party?Pro：No, no reason to get worry like that, just contact your chair person immediately, ok, tell him to call me as soon as possible so that we can verify your field work arrangement and certify these credits right away. It's not only there isan actual deadline to date you anything. But if more than a few weeks go by, we might have a real problem that would difficult to fix in time for you to graduate. In fact, there probably would be nothing we could do.《点击查看更多内容》以上就是关于托福TPO第八套听力原文相关内容，有想了解更多内容的考生，可以关注小马过河托福频道。
托福TPO8口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO8口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO8口语Task4阅读文本： Revealing Coloration Many animals use coloration to protect themselves from predators. One defensive strategy involving the use of coloration is what is known as revealing coloration. Animals employing this strategy have an area of bright color on some part of their body, this bright color is usually hidden from predators’ view. When approached by a predator, the animal suddenly reveals the area of bright color, this unexpected display of color startles or confuses the predator and provides the would-be-prey with an opportunity to escape. 托福TPO8口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture from a biology class. (male) There’s a large tropical insect called the Peanut Bug. Yes, like the peanuts you eat. Um, and the Peanut Bugs front wings are colored so they blend in with their surroundings. But its back wings, which are usually closed and hidden, have these bright colorful spots on them. And when the Peanut Bugs are attacked, it suddenly opens its back wings and out pop these bright colors. And that surprises the predator and gives the Peanut Bug a chance to get away. Um, then you have a butterfly called the morpho butterfly. And parts of the morpho butterfly wings are very shiny. They reflect a lot of sunlight. When this butterfly is resting, this shin y part of its wings is hidden. Now morpho butterflies are often attacked by birds. So when a bird approaches, the morpho flies away. And when the morpho flaps its wings, all the bird can see are flashes of light reflected from the morpho’s wings. Those flashes of light make it very difficult for the bird to follow the morpho. And the morpho is usually able to get away. 托福TPO8口语Task4题目： Using the example of the Peanut Bug and the morpho butterfly, explain the concept of revealing coloration. 托福TPO8口语Task4满分范文： The professor talks about revealing coloration which is a strategy animals use to get away from predators involving the use of colors. In the first example, peanut bugs show the two big bright spots located on their back wings to surprise predators,so it gets a chance to hide or escape. In the second example, the professor talks about morpho butterfly. When it’s attacked by birds, the morpho flies away, and when it flaps its wings, it’s very difficult for the bird to get a good look at them,because morpho’s wings can reflect a lot of sun light. When the bird slows down, the morpho can usually get away. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO8口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
8月TOEFL(托福)听力文本及答案
0308托福试题听力：1 (a)She has completed her project(b)She needs some help finishing the project(c)Her economics class no longer meets(d)The man should not touch the project until it is finished2 (a) He disagrees with the woman(b)He has a lot of experience listening to others(c ) He can keep a secret(d) He has several younger brothers and sisters3 (a) She has already seen the movie(b) She doesn’t like to go to the movies(c )She hasn’t seen Mary recently(d) Mary didn’t ask her to go to the mo vies4(a) Use cream on her rash(b)See if her rash improves in a few days(c) Check out a medical book from the library(d) See a doctor about her rash5(a) He’s usually a good dancer(b) He’s embarrassed about the photograph(c ) He didn’t enjoy the par ty(d) H e hasn’t seen the photograph6(a) She prefers to stay indoors during the summer(b) S he doesn’t agree with the man(c) Too much hot weather can be unpleasant(d) The weather is supposed to get even hotter7(a) Dry his clothes for another fifteen minutes(b)Inspect the dryer for damage(c ) Take this clothes out of the dryer(d) Wash his clothes again8(a) He likes the music class(b) The woman missed the deadline(c )It may still be possible to drop the class(d) H e doesn’t plan to take music9(a)She has decided not to go to Florida(b)H er plans aren’t definite(c) Her friend just returned from Florida(d)She prefers to travel without her friend10(a)T he costumes weren’t as good as the s scenery(b) The scenery could have been more realistic(c ) She wishes she had seen the play(d) T he actors in the play weren’t students11(a) H e didn’t know the book was a best-seller(b) H e’s becoming more interested in the book(c ) H e’s on his way to the bookstore(d) He has just finished the book12 (a) S he’d rather do another puzzle(b)S he doesn’t have time for puzzles(c ) S he’d like a chance to solve the puzzle(d) S he’s not as good at puzzles as the man13(a)Revise the report(b)Go to another copy machine(c )Ask his classmates to make their own copies(d) Get more paler14(a) The woman is a better mechanic than he is(b) H e can’t go for a ride with the woman(c ) H e doesn’t know a lot about newer cars(d)T he woman shouldn’t buy a used car15(a)Start studying with the man(b) Continue watching television(c ) Take a nap(d) Turn down the volume on the television16(a)Store the bicycle inside the dormitory(bAsk someone to repair the bicycle(c ) Ride the bicycle on campus(d) T ry to find the bicycle’s owner17(a)He lives with a first-year student(b)He wanted to live in an apartment(c)H e isn’t a new student(d) He was assigned space in a dorm18(a) He has to pick up some groceries(b)H e hasn’t had any tea for a long time(c )H e’d like to walk a little further(d)H e’ll pay for the drinks19(a)The boss will probably discipline the woman(b)T he boss may disregard the woman’s lateness(c ) T he boss won’t know the woman was late(d) The boss is often late for work20(a) She may change her mind about the college(b)H e doesn’t know what time she arrived(c )He wishes he had met her yesterday(d)She should visit the campus again soon21(a) S he can’t help the man(b)S he doesn’t want to lend the man any money(c )She owes the man some money(d) She sometimes asks the man to drive her places22(a)A lot of students entered the talent show(b)The talent show was canceled(c )Not many students enjoy talent shows(d)The speakers are judges for the talent show23(a)The tour guide will be late(b)The appointment for the tour will be changed(c The tour will begin before she and the man arrive(d)The museum will open earlier than usual24(a)S he doesn’t need a pay raise(b)She got a pay raise last year(c )S he hasn’t yet received a pay raise(d) She will give the man a pay raise25(a)He recently injured his hand(b)He can carry some books for the woman(c)H e needs to borrow some of the woman’s books(d)H e can’t help the woman until noon26(a)He enjoys talking about pets(b)He agrees that the woman is quite knowledgeable(c )He dislikes people who think they know everything(d)He hates standing in line27(a)The professor might give an exam in class(b)The man might not be able to leave campus early(c )The class might not finish their oral presentation(d)T his week’s class might be longer than expected28(a) Invite his roommate to a party(b)Ask his roommate to go to the housing office(c )Stop complaining about his roommate(d)Arrange to get a different roommate29(a)H e’s improved the way he looks(b)He manages his time well(c )He looks happier lately(d)He follows directions more carefully now30(a)H e doesn’t have any paper towels(b)T hey don’t need any more paper bags(c )The food is ruined(d )He thinks a mop would work better31(a)Causes of illness(b)The discovery of antibiotics(c )The history of prescription drugs(d)Characteristics of antibiotics32(a)Her lab notes(b)A medical reference book(c )A homework assignment(d) The name of her doctor33(a)To give an example of a bad reaction to penicillin(b)To show how penicillin has changed over the years(c )To emphasize the importance of antibiotics(d)To explain why penicillin requires a prescription34(a)In a pharmacology course(b)From her mother(c )At the student health center(d) From her doctor35(a)Look up some information about his medicine(b)Take an extra dose of his medicine(c )Ask his doctor to change his prescription(d)Begin to do research for his lab project36(a)Current issues in economics(b)Choices faced by conservationists(c ) A recent biology lecture(d)Topics for a research paper37(a)S he’s writing research papers(b)S he’s working on a conservation project(c )S he’s studying for exams(d)S he’s d oing her biology homework38(a)S he doesn’t know which topic to choose(b)Her assignments are due on the same day(c )S he’s concerned about the spotted owl(d)She dislikes her economics class39(a)A scarcity of jobs in their field(b)Inadequate training in methods of biological research(c )Difficulties in classifying all of the varieties of owls(d)A lack of funding for their work with endangered species40(a)It has numerous traits in common with the spotted owl(b)Its population is increasing(c )It may not survive without special efforts of conservationists(d)Its role in the chain of evolution has not yet been examined41(a)To explain why Wright became an architect(b)T o describe the positive aspects of Wright’s architecture(c )To explain why Wright’s style of architecture became less popular(d)To describe the materials Wight used in construction42(a)His houses were often small(b)His designs were overly simple(c )His roofs often leaked(d )His building did not match their natural surroundings43(a)He helped construct a chapel(b)H e took over his family’s business(c )He trained under Guggenheim(d)He worked on a project overseas44(a)T hey characterize stages in Wright’s career(b)Wright died while they were being constructed(c )They were Wr ight’s earliest buildings(d)T hey are examples of Wright’s classical styles45(a)Theories of how the universe evolved(b) Similarities between the planets in the solar system(c )Reason for the high density of earth(d)Theories of the origin of the Moon46(a)Earth and the Moon traveled at different speeds(b)The Moon formed billions of years before Earth(c )Earth did not have enough gravitational pull(d)Earth and the Moon were too far from each other47(a)The Moon has no water(b)T he Moon’s materials came from Earth’s core(c )T he Moon’s core differs from its surface(d)The Moon contains little iron48(a) It is difficult to define(b)Its causes are often unknown(c )Psychologists disagree about how to treat it(d)Its symptoms often go unnoticed49(a)To explain the effect it has on mental illness(b)To suggest that it is easier to diagnose than mental illness(c )To discuss the role of medicine in clinical psychology(d)To show the similarities between physical and mental illness50(a)Another means of measuring normal behavior(B)W hy some politicians aren’t well adjusted(c )H ow an individual’s behavior is influenced by therapy(d) Problems often encountered by psychologists0308ABADB CCCBA BDDCC DCDBA DACCB DBCAC DACBA BABDC BCAAD CDABA。
2002年08月托福考试听力文字
02年8月托福听力文字Part A1. We've got an hour before our next class, would you like to get something to eat here?I can join you for a quick sandwich, but I need to run some errands afterward.2. When is the garbage picked up here?On Wednesdays, but I always put the cans out on Tuesday night, so I don't miss the trucks in the morning.3. Hey, how come you never took that introductory math class? You know, the one everyone else had to take,I thought it was a university wide requirement for graduation.Oh, I took a similar class in high school. They said that's all I needed.4. Why are you going home to see your parents this weekend?I need my dad's help to fill up this loan application.5. Excuse me, could you tell me where the nearest pay phone is?Well, the nearest one is in the library. But that closed an hour ago. I think the next clo sest one is probably in the student center.6 I heard you needed people to bring stuff for a picnic, I was thinking of making a salad o r something. But I’m not sure how much we'll need any idea how many people are coming?Don't worry about it. Everything’s already been taken care of.7 I'm not sure which tie to wear in my interview, what do you think of this red one?Maybe you should consider wearing a different one.8 I'm going to be out of town all next week, and I’m looking for someone to feed my cat whi le I'm gone, you don't suppose i could talk to you into it, do youYou know, I’d be glad to, but I’ll be away next week too, but you know what, let me giv e my sister a call, she loves animals, and she lives only a couple of blocks from your apart ment.9 Did you see that new artwork? You know that poster they just put up in the cafeteria; I wo nder whose bright idea that was?You know there's nothing wrong with the poster itself, it just doesn't go with the color s in the cafeteria.10.You know that report was due in my office a couple of days ago, Where is it?I'm sorry, it’s coming along, but as long as the computer's down, I can't finish it. 11、A. Look we’re almost out of gas, we’d better stop at the next gas station, we have eno ugh to make to the campus.B. If we stop now, we’ll be late for classQ. What do the woman imply?12 I don't know what to do, I have two papers due next week, and there’s no way I’m going t o get both done have you ask your professors to extend the deadlines? They are usually prett y good about that sort of thing, but if you're going to ask them, don’t wait till the last m inute.13 You know, Mary, I met your twin sister the other day, and you two look so much alike, and I don't how people ever tell you apart.Actually it's not that difficult, because she always wears dresses, and I'm usually in a T-s hirt and a pair of old jeans.What does Mary mean?14,Excuse me, do you sell calculators looked over in the office supply section, but I couldn 't find anyThat is where you'd find them, but we're all sold out, we probably won't have any in fo r a few more weeks.What does the man mean?15 Do you have a few minutes to look over this outline for next week's debate with me ,I need to know if I have enough support for my arguments.I'm tied up in the moment, why don't come back during my office hours.What does the woman mean?16 You're taking another computer class? I thought you've already had a degree in computer s cience.I do, but the technology keeps changing all the time, this is the best way to keep up with it.17.Would you like me to water your plants while you are away?Thanks for the offer, but Mark already said he'd keep an eye on them.18 I never should have taken that biology course, I mean I barely finish with reading for one experiment and professor Jordan slaps on another reading assignmentI just can't keep up you knowYeah, I know, that’s what everybody said at first, but bear with her, the reading load's ge tting lighter, you see, and you won't be sorry.What does the woman mean?19.I feel awful, I’m thinking maybe if I'm going to the clinic they who give me something t o make me feel better,I’m no expert, but I know your how hectic schedule are these days between your studying fo r finals and your part time job, you never back to the dorm before midnight,Maybe you should try slowing down a little,20.Are we still going ice-skating after work today?Ice-skates, oh, shoot; I knew I left something at home when I got here this morning.21. I'm waiting else some of my old clothes for my closet.Why don't you put them in the bed for charity?22 Do you think you could lend me a few dollars until tomorrow, I left my wallet at home and I don't have enough money for lunch?Why don't just let me treat you, I just got paid, besides I owe you for helping me with tha t physics project last month23 Are you going to keep your part-time job next semester at the biology laboratory or you a re going try for a different laboratory this timeActually neither one semester as a lab assistant is enough, washing test tubes can get old p retty fast.24 How about getting you father a book on tape for a present, this bookstore has ones coveri ng everything from mystery to historical novels, and they’re really popular.Well, he does spend a lot time driving; he could listen to them on the way to work.25 Hey, So how are things going with you and your new roommate, is she still really neat and organized about everything,Yeah, she is, I mean she's nothing like my last roommate, I guess it’s just going to get a l ittle while for me to get used to it.26 I was just about to go to the art exhibit, would you like to go over there with me?I made plans with Susan to go tomorrow afternoon27 You haven't seen my biology notes, have you, I’m almost positive I left them on my desk, now I can't find them.Mum, I don't think I have, did you try checking your book bag?28、This weather is unbelievable. I can't remember the last time we had such a warm winter, i sn’t it great?Not if you like to ski, it isn't.29、Joan, I’ m glad I reach Jew, I'm at a pay phone somewhere between Madison and Libratory S treet, and can you give me those directions again?Now Madison, just forget the way I told you before, do you have a pencil and paper?30、What do you make with the memo the dean sent out about later registrations.You know i couldn't make heads or tails of it myself.Part BHere is my script of part B to make 0208 LC complete, sorry for possible erorrs, and feel fr ee to perfect it.M: Is that a map? Are you going sailing or something?W: I wish. It’s a hurricane-tracking chart. It’s a map of tropical ocean areas southeast o f us. It follows the development of tropical storms, even hurricanes. They develop and move around the Atlantic in Caribbean and here on Florida coast. We got hit a lot by those in J uly or August, at least winds or rain.M: Do you think that the tropical storm is on the way?W: Too early to tell, but we need to be prepared. The radio mentioned possible evacuation ro utes.M: Really? It’s that serious?W: You better believe it. Late summer is hurricane season. The television updates locations and speeds every hour.M: What did they say is out there now?W: A couple of tropical depressions, two storms and two hurricanes.M: What’s the difference?W: Wind velocity. A depression is least serious actually, and a hurricane is the most seriou s.M: How serious are the winds in hurricanes?W: They have sustained winds of 74 mph and up.M: What are the names on the map? David, Arlene, Francisco, and Gina.W: You know weather forecasters give the hurricanes the names of people to make storms easy to identify.M: I wonder what the status of the storm is now.W: You shall turn on the television, and it has the best coverage. There is an up-date comin g up in five minutes.Q31. What is the conversation mainly about?Q32. How is one tropical weather system distinguished from the other?Q33. How do weather forecasters identify hurricanes?Q34. What are the man and woman going to do next?M: So, what is your biology project about?W: It is about microorganisms that… microorganisms that live by Chemosynthesis.M: Ehm…what’s Chemosynthesis?W: Well, it’s pretty complicated. You know how most life on Earth depends either directly o r indirectly on sunlight?M: You mean like plants get energy directly from sunlight, and animals eat plants, so they depend indirectly on sunlight?W: Right. But down on the ocean floor, there is no sunlight. In some places though, there ar e hydrothermal vents, which are small cracks on the sea floor. And these vents release heat and minerals from the inside of the Earth into the seawater. And all along the vents there are these unusual microorganisms. They are called archaean. And these archaean use chemica l reactions to get their energy from the minerals, the minerals that are released by the ven ts. So their energy comes from chemical reactions, not sunlight.M: So chemosynthesis is getting their energy from chemicals?W: That is right.M: That makes archaean very different from other forms of life.W: And their genetic makeup is very different too. They are one sort of organisms just like bacteria are, but genetically they are as different from bacteria as we humans are.M: Waa, that’s a really interesting project.Q35. What is the woman’s project mainly about?Q36. According to the woman, where are the hydrothermal vents found?Q37. What does the woman imply about archaean?Q38. Besides their source of energy, what is major difference between archaean and bacteria? Part CHere is my contribution to this site. I am poor at typing. Sorry for possible errors due to my typing or understanding.Passage one Q39-42It is common knowledge that music can have a powerful effect on our emotions. In fact, since 1930s, music therapists have relied on music to soothe patients and help control pain. No w psychologists are confirming that music can also help relieve depression and improve conce ntration. For instance, in a recent study, 15 surgeons were given some highly stressed math problems to solve. They were divided into three groups: one worked in silence, and in anot her, the surgeons listened to music of their choice on headphones; the third listened to cla ssic music chosen by the researchers. The results of the study may surprise you. The doctors who got to choose their music experienced less stress and scored better than the others. O ne possible explanation is that listening to music you like stimulates the Alfa-wave in the brain, increases the heart rate and expands the breathing. That helps to reduce stress and sharpen concentration. Other research suggests a second relation between the music and the brain: by examining the students’ blood after they listening to a variety of classic mus ic collections, the researchers found that some students showed a large increase in endorphin, a natural pain reliever, this supports what music therapists have known for years: Music can help rejuvenate or soothe the patient.39. What is the talk mainly about?40. According to the speaker how is the music therapy currently used in medicine?41. What did the study done with surgeons show?42. In the study of students exposed to classic music, what effect did the music have?43-46 art historyOne important thing about art movements is that their popularity can be affected by social conditions, which are themselves often affected by historical events. As an example, look at what happened in the United States early in the 20th century, around the time of the gr eat depression, the art movement known as the Regionalism had begun in the United States eve n before the depression occurred. But it really flourished in the 1930s, during the depressi on years. Why? Well, many artists who had been living in big cities were forced by the econo mic crisis to leave those big cities and move back to their small towns in rural America. So me of these artists came to truly embrace the life in small towns and to eject city life i n so called “sophisticated society”. These artists or specifically certain painters really b uilt regionalist movement. They created things in every day life in small towns or farming a reas. And their style was not all-neutral, really big glorified or romanticized country lif e, showing it stable, wholesome, and embodying important American traditions. And this styl e became very popular, in part because of the economic conditions of the time. You see, the Depression had caused many Americans to begin to doubt their society. But regionalism arti sts painted scenes that glorified American values, scenes that many Americans could easily i dentify with. So the movement helped strengthen people’s faith in their country, faith tha t had weakened as the result of the depression. But in the 1940s, before and after the Seco nd World War, American culture began to take on a much more international spirit, and Region alism, with its focus on small town life, well, it lost a lot of popularity, as American soc iety changed once again.43. What is the lecture mainly about?44. What does the professors say about the artists in the United States during the Great Dep ression?45. What kind of scene might be shown in a typical regionalist painting?46. According to the professor, what happened in the USA in the 1940s around the time of WWII that affected the popularity of the regionalist art?47-50 GeologyHallo, everybody, I am here, because I visited caves all over North America. Since you are g oing to study cave formations, Dr. Bow asked me to come and share some of my experiences wit h you. In additional to describing some of the technical aspects of the caves, I would conve y the sense of adventure that cavers share. Recently, I visited the La Chagire cave in New M exico, my dream has always been to discover a new passage way. I had a chance here, becaus e La Chagire is so large that discoveries are frequently made there. The cave itself was no t even discovered until 1986. However, people in that area had figured that there must be a cave nearby, because of the strong wind that blew from behind the huge rock that covered the entrance. Enormous amounts of air enter and exit the cave in order to maintain balance of the pressure with the side air. When I climbed into the cave, I had to fight 45 mile per hour winds. After all that effort, I had to be extremely careful maintaining my energy lev el. People who are tired tend to be careless, and may be more concerned about getting out o f the cave than taking care of it. There are formations in LaChagire that look like ocean wa ves, Christmas trees and other stuff no one has ever seen before. Caves are normally create d by carbonic acid that trickles down from above, but this cave sculpted out by very powerfu l sulfuric acid that wells up from below.Q47. Why was the lecturer especially excited about visiting La Chagire cave?Q48. What did the speaker say about the entrance into the cave?Q49. What did the speaker say about the cavers who get tired?Q50. What makes the formation of La Chagire so unus。
托福TPO8口语Task5听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO8口语Task5听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO8口语Task5听力文本： Listen to a conversation between two students. (woman) Hey, Steve, are you ready for classes to start? (man) Not really. There’s still a big conflict in my course schedule. (woman) What’s wrong? (man) This is my last semester and I’ ve still got two required courses left to take in order to finish my literature degree. (woman) Ok? (man) I have to take both History of the Novel and Shakespeare or I can’t graduate! Problem is the two courses meet at the same time! (woman) Uh, oh. What are you gonna do? (man) Well, I talked to the professor who’s gonna teach Shakespeare, he said I could do an independent study to fulfill that requirement. (woman) How would that work? (man) I’d read the assigned text on my own, do all the same assignments, and meet with him when I need to, if I had an y questions. (woman) Well, that sounds a good way to fulfill the requirement. (man) Yeah, plus it’d be nice to have one-on-one discussions with the professor. It’s just that, well, working o n my own like that, I’m kind of concerned I won’t be able to motivate myself to get the work done on time. It’s easy to put things off when it’s not an actual class, you know? (woman) Yeah, are there other options? (man) Um, yeah, I found out that the Shakespeare class is being offered at another university about a half an hour from here. That university has a really great literature program and our university will accept their credits, so… (woman) That’s an idea! (man) Yeah, I’m sure it’ll be a good class. And it’d fulfill the requirement. Only thing is, you know, I’d have to drive a half an hour to get to the class and then half an hour to come back, three times a week! That’s a lot of time and gas money. 托福TPO8口语Task5题目： Briefly summarize the problem the speakers are discussing. Then state which solution you would recommend. Explain the reasons for your recommendation. 托福TPO8口语Task5满分范文： The man’s problem is that there is a big conflict in his course schedule, he’s got to take two required courses to graduate but they are offered at the same time. He has two possible solutions, the first is to do an independent study on his Shakespeare course. The second solution is to take it at another school. I think the second solution is better. First of all, it’s mentioned in the conversation that the class being offered at the other school is excellent, also, he can make many friends when he’s over there. Second, in doing so, he still gets to go to lectures for it and work with the professor and classmates in class, which is more productive. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO8口语Task5听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
89-95老老托福听力单句文本与答案对应汇总
1989年1月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. I lent him a book. (B) He borrowed my book.2. Bob wanted to be a doctor, but he became a teacher instead. (D) Bob is a teacher.3. No one ever listens to a word I say. (C) People don't listen when I speak.4. Gary's beginning to come around to my point of view. (A) Gary's starting to share my opinion.5. Get to the movie theater by seven and you won't have to wait in the ticket line.(C) If you go early, you can buy your ticket right away.6. This biography isn't half as well - written as the last one I read.(A) The last biography I read was much better than this one.7. What a wonderful story! (A) The story is very enjoyable.8. George helped himself to another piece of pie. (C) George took another serving of pie.9. On the bookshelf in the office is a dictionary for everyone's use (A) Anybody can use the dictionary in the office.10. I'd like a larger suitcase than this one. (D) This suitcase isn't large enough.11. Bill and Mary were enraged when their meeting was cancelled. (D) Bill and Mary were angry about the cancellation.12. How about keeping the noise level down in here? (A) You must try to be quieter.13. They are getting along fine in their new school (C) They are doing well in school.14. Typing the essay is the least of my worries. (D) Typing the essay is only a minor problem.15. I didn't discourage Pamela from doing her art project. (A) I wanted Pamela to continue her project.16. I suggest we keep the party for Beth as a surprise. (D) I don't think we should tell Beth about the party.17.Sarah wanted to take a makeup exam. (B) Sarah hoped to take the test another time.18. Are there enough assignment sheets to go around? (A) Does everyone have a copy of the assignment?19. Wasn’t that the city bus th at'd just pulled away! (A) I think that was the city bus, don't you?20. No one knows more about the subject than Polly. (C) She's well acquainted with the subject.1989年5月托福听力文字及对应答案PART Al. I've ordered a radio and the company is supposed to ship it this week. (B) The radio I ordered should be sent this week.2. Laura has to make up the examination. (C) Laura must take the test.3. You know who is going to be at the convention? (D) Have you any idea who will attend the convention4. Because Susan was accepted by the state university, her brother Ben applied there too.(B) Ben applied to the state university because Susan was accepted there.5. It's lucky Tommy's ball didn't go through the window. (D) Fortunately, the ball didn't break the window.6. You want me to make just one copy of this, right? (D) I understand you'd like a single copy of this.7. How cheerful the room looks with so many colorful posters. (D) I understand you'd like a single copy of this.8. Mike's coffee was cold. (A) Mike's drink was cold.9. I can run this projector There’s really nothing to do it. (A) Running this projector is very easy for me.10. We haven't enough flour to make bread. (D) We need more flour.11. I’ve just got to get a new car. (C) I really need a new car.12. Sandra set up a display for the town's local history week. (A) Sandra arranged an exhibit for history week.13 There is no one who doesn't have an opinion about something. (C) Everyone has an opinion on something.14. If I had the money to spare, I'd be happy to lend it to you. (D) I'm sorry I can't lend you the money.15. The aroma of fresh pastry came to us from the kitchen. . (A) Someone was baking in the kitchen.16. Bob usually gets along with us. (A) We find Bob agreeable most of the time.17. Never before have I heard the professor gave such an interesting physics lecture.(B) This was the professor's best lecture yet.18. Barbara read so much that she can talk intelligently about almost any topic.(A) Barbara is interesting to listen to because she reads a lot.19. I don't expect he’ll get the job. (C) Someone else will probably get the job.20. How do you account for it? (B) What's the explanation?1989年8月托福听力文字及对应答案Part A1. She never wakes up before her alarm goes off.(D) She always sleeps until the alarm clock wakes her.2. There is a tax on clothing in some states. (C) In certain states clothes are subject to tax.3. The training program was difficult, but she got a lot out of it. (B) She learned a great deal from the program.4. He should be here in no time at all. (B) He'll probably arrive soon.5. Only if she gets her scholarship, can Karen afford to go to college. (C) Without a scholarship, Karen couldn't go to college.6. Ronald has to renew his passport because it is expired (B) He has to apply again for a passport.7. I thought I was late, but my watch was ten minutes fast. (A) I was actually on time.8. Answers to the math test came easily to everyone except Jerry. (C) Jerry had difficulty with the test.9. I think you should avoid taking that course this term. (A) It would be better not to take the course.10. I suspect that shopkeeper may be dishonest. (D) I don't think that shopkeeper is trustworthy.11. There is a fine if the reserved library books are even one hour overdue.(A) A fee is charged for reserved books returned even an hour late.12. Leslie wants to graduate early, so this semester she is taking as many credits as her department will allow her to.(B) Leslie has a heavier course load than usual this term.13. How busy you've been the last a few days! (B) You've had a lot to do recently.14. I wasn't given a copy of the catalog. (D) No one gave me a catalog.15. Mike informed Susan about the school's NO SMOKING policy. (B) Mike talked to Susan regarding the new policy.16. The president's speech was thought-provoking, wasn't it? (C) Don't you think the speech was stimulating?17. Before long, we’d all gotten to know one anoth er. (A) We became friends quickly.18. She didn't want to undo the work she had started. (D) She didn't want to start all over again.19. The professor introduced himself to the new students. (C) The students met the professor.20. That's the last thing I needed(C) I certainly didn't need that.1989年10月托福听力文字及对应答案Part A1. That's it for today; (C) That's all we'll do today.2. Robert is stopping by the bank to cash a check. (B) Robert is going to the bank to get some money.3. She's left to go shopping. (D) She's gone to buy some things.4. Your pen needs a refill, doesn't it? (A) Don't you need a refill for your pen?5. Everyone wants to take Professor Stanton's class. (A) Professor Stanton's course is very popular.6. Why don't we get together for dinner sometime? (C) Let's meet for dinner one of these days.7. Gary went to the dentist's about his broken tooth. (D) Why are the lectures held at four o'clock?8. Have you ever seen so many people at one of these lectures before" (C) This lecture is really crowded.9. You've got to do what is best for you. (A) Do what is most appropriate for you?10. I just arrived, but my suitcases were put on a later plane. (D) My baggage will arrive on another flight.11. He said the dormitory wasn't full, and it wasn't. (B) There are still vacant rooms.12. Susan asked us to bring the slide projector. (D) We were supposed to bring the slide projector with us.13. He lacks discipline in his study habits. (A) His study habits are poor.14. The report is all ready to be typed. (B) The report can be typed now.15. We'll pick you up tomorrow at eight come what may. (A) No matter what, we'll come for you tomorrow.16. I wish the semester were over, but we still get a month to go. (B) I want the semester to end now.17. You mean you paid only ten dollars for that huge stack of books? (C) You got a lot of books for your money.18. That kind of problem isn't completely unknown. (A) That isn't a totally new kind of problem.19. Professor Keen made us rewrite our essays in class. (A) We had to write our compositions over again.20. I can’t believe you are not a physics major. (B) You certainly know a lot about physics.1990年1月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. I must have left my keys at my sister's house. (C) My keys are probably at my sister's house.2. We need to arrive early for the graduation ceremony. (D) it’s necessary for us to arrive at the ceremony early.3. Sarah spent twice as much time on computer as I do. (C) I use the computer half as much as Sara does.4. Let's listen to what Robert has to say. (B) We should pay attention to Robert.5. I told you two to cut it out. (A) Stop that!6. No one in the world could you expect to find a harder worker than Lois. (C) Lois works very hard.7. Dean Williams was invited by the college president to address the faculty.(B) The president asked Dean Williams to speak to the faculty.8. I'll have this finished in a little while. (A) Soon I'll be finished.9. He's sick of his job. (A) He doesn't like his work.10. Framed posters make interesting decorations, don't you think? (B) I believe framed posters are good for decorating.11. That's precisely the kind of camera I brought with me. (A) I brought a camera just like that one.12. If he’d only give our quizzes back. (C) We wish he would return our quizzes.13. I didn't mean to cause you so much trouble. (A) I'm sorry to have inconvenienced you.14. It's fun to sit in the students' section at the football game. (D) I enjoy sitting with the students at the game.15. There will be someone at the airport to meet us, won't there? (C) I believe that we'll be met at the airport.16. When will you ever learn! (C) Why do you keep on making the same mistakes?17. I don't recall locking my suitcase. (D) As far as I know, my suitcase should be open.18. To pay to see that movie would be foolish, when you can see it on television for nothing.(A) If you can see the movie on television, why pay for it?19. I didn't know that both reports were due today. (B) I thought only one report was due.20. The classes should have shorter sessions. (C) The classes are too long.1990年5月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. Frank rented a car and drove to Dallas. (B) Frank drove to Dallas in a rented car.2. I saw her practicing the violin. (B) She was practicing the violin when I saw her.3. He came over to our house just the other day. (A) He recently visited us.4. Sidney has a tooth removed. (C) The dentist pulled out Sidney's tooth.5. How on earth can you believe that? (D) You don't really believe that, do you?:6. The shop's closed for the night. (D) The shops are closed until tomorrow.7. I thought you wouldn't come to class today. (A) I didn't think you would be in class.8. Don failed physics and had to take it over. (D) He took physics again because he failed the first time.9. No sooner had the storm started than all the lights went out. (C) The lights went off just as the storm began.10. He's planning a graduation party for his sister on the 20th of the next month. (D) Next month on the twentieth is the party.11. The bookstore is out of textbooks for French 102. (B) There are no more textbooks for French 102 in the bookstore.12. I really need to brush up on my math. (B) I need to improve my math skills.13. There is nobody on campus who doesn't know Irene. (B) Almost everybody knows Irene.14. He has a job on the side, preparing the laboratory every day for the next experiment.(A) He has part-time work in the laboratory.15. I can't deny that I was awful in the play. (A) I must admit that my performance was bad.16. Gloria has been knocking herself out on the project. (C) Gloria has been working very hard on the task.17. You are going to finish school this semester, aren't you? (A) Won't you be finished with school after this semester?18. Prof. Jenkins suggested that I use her name as a reference. (C) Professor Jenkins will recommend me.19. Shouldn't we be thinking about leaving for work? (A) Isn't it time we went to work?20. Lorraine's family was pleased by her thoughtful gift. (A) Lorraine gave her family a gift they liked.1990年8 月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. She used to live in a dormitory, but now she has her own apartment(B) She has moved out of the dormitory.2. We'll probably be late for the concert, won't we? (D) I think we'll miss the beginning of the concert.3. I' d better not go to bed because I haven* t finished my chemistry assignment. (B) I have to stay up to finish my chemistry.4. 1 always forget people's names at parties. (C) It's hard for me to remember a person's name at a party.5. You gave me the right address for Bill's apartment, didn't you? (B) I hope you gave me Bill's correct address.6. Just down the street is a nice little gift shop. (D) There is a gift shop nearby.7. The snack bar has fresh fruit, right? (A) Doesn't the snack bar sell fresh fruit?8. There are big sales going on in the department stores downtown this week according to Charlie.(C) Charlie told us about the sales in the stores downtown.9. There is not a single cloud in the sky this afternoon. (B) It's sunny day today.10. Not one student in my class has studied painting before. (C) Nobody in the class has ever had any painting lessons.11. Behind the lecture hall is a small parking lot. (C) The lecture hall is in front of a parking lot.12. Lucy was offered a scholarship by the university that was her first choice.(A) Lucy got a scholarship to the University of her Choice.13. Barbara discovered she was ineligible for the song contest. (D) She found out she couldn't enter the contest.14. Ted once worked there but no longer does. (D) He doesn't work there anymore.15. She replaced the broken pane of glass. (B) She fixed the window.16. I guessed the right answer. (B) I got the correct answer by chance.17. I've promised to take Cathy some of this delicious tea. (A) I said I'd take some of this tea to Cathy.18. Mary Ann, that's who makes the best soup. (C) Mary Ann makes outstanding soup.19. The last person I want to see Is Jeff. (A) I don't want to see Jeff at all.20. Sarah used to teach psychology, but now she is a corporate statistician (D) Sarah has a different job now.1990年10月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. Pat dropped the letter in the mailbox. (C) Pat mailed the letter.2. Fred gave the right answers to the question the instructor asked. (C) Fred's answers were correct.3. The trip was a wonderful experience, don't you agree? (B) Wasn't the trip marvelous?4. He ate two of them. (A) He had two to eat.5. Cheryl rarely goes with the group to the Saturday night dances. (D) Cheryl seldom goes to the dances with the group.6. She has to buy a book bag for school.(A) She needs something to carry her schoolbooks in.7. I’ve decided to hang on to my textbooks form last year. (C) I'm keeping my old textbooks.8. Carol works as a nurse, but she would rather teach. (B) Carol wishes she were a teacher.9. If only this rain would stop. (B) I'm tired of the rain.10. Twelve people came, but half left early. (A) Six people left before the end.11. Through that door, you will find someone to help you. (C) You can get someone to assist you if you go in that door.12. Max felt sick and stayed home from school. (B) Max missed school because he was sick.13. Everyone except Carrie voted for an exam instead of a paper. (D) Everyone but Carrie preferred having an exam.14. This tomato plant is still immature. (D) The tomato plant isn't completely developed.15. I’m supposed to turn south at the corner, right? (C) Shouldn't I turn south at the corner?16. Steve wanted a pair of table lamps, but got a floor lamp instead.(A) Steve bought a floor lamp, though he'd planned to buy table lamps.17. I don't need to tell you to come alone, do I? (B) You know you should come by yourself, don't you?18. He’ll turn his back on me if I ask for money. (A) When I need money, he won't help.19. I signed up for a month long course, but Kary signed up for one, that’s eight weeks long.(B) My course is half as long as Katy's.20. He misread the recipe, so the stew he made tasted terrible. (D) He didn't follow the recipe for the stew.1991年1月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. I couldn't hear her name clearly. (C) It was hard to hear her name.2. I wouldn't mind having a roommate. (D) Having a roommate is all right with me.3. Little did she realize that the present was for her. (D) She didn’t know that the present would be for her.4. I wonder if you could shut the door. (A) Could you please close the door?5. We just can't get over the fact that Ted and Margie got married. (B) The fact that they got married still amazes us.6. I wish I had more time to spend with you. (A) it’s too bad we have so little time together.7. I used to watch a lot of TV, but now I can't stand it. (A) Although I used to watch television a lot, I hate it now.8. On your right is the information booth. (D) You can get information over on the right.9. He fell down and hurt himself. (C) He was injured.10. What a long bus ride this is! (C) This bus ride takes a very long time.11. Jane wants to buy that painting? (B) Does Jane really wish to purchase that painting?12. Ruth liked Henry's watch so much that he bought himself one exactly like it. (D) Russ got a wat ch just like Henry’s13. You’ll come right on time, won't you? (C) Please try to be prompt.14. Carrol was told that she had gained the top score. (A) Carol did better than anyone else.15. Students outnumbered teachers at the rally. (A) Carol did better than anyone else.16. No one could keep him from speaking. (C) He couldn’t be prevented from speaking.17. The sea's very calm. (B) The water isn't rough.18. She stopped feeling the ducks at the park. (D) She no longer gives the ducks food.19. I can't risk not telling him. (B) I have to tell him.20. Jeff and Alan share a common outlook or life. (A) They think alike.1991年5月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. Emily and Joe are medical students, aren't they? (A) I think Emily and Joe are studying medicine.2. The conductor of the symphony orchestra was terrific. (B) The orchestra's conductor was excellent.3. Ned wasn't invited to the party. (D) No one asked Ned to the party.4. I have the store deliver the packages to my house. (C) The store sent the packages to my house.5. There is no sport I enjoy more than swimming. (A) Swimming's my favorite sport.6. You’llfind her number listed in the telephone book. (C) Her number is in the directory.7. Too bad you didn't make a hotel reservation. (A) You should have reserved a room.8. The editor should have completed their work earlier. (B) The editors were late in finishing.9. The dormitory laundry service gives out clean sheets each week, doesn’t it?(D) Aren't clean sheets provided in the dormitory weekly?10. If I'd remembered to check the mailbox, I might have found your note.(A) Since I forgot to look in the mailbox, I missed your note.11. Irene’s grades enabled her to earn a scholarship. (D) She received a scholarship because of her grades.12. John doesn't think they've left the office yet. (D) He thinks they're still at the office.13. No sooner had I started to type my paper than the telephone rang. (C) Someone called just as I started to work.14. The fire was prevented from spreading because of Sandra's quick action. (A) Sandra stopped the fire from spreading.15. I went for a walk to wake myself up. (C) I was feeling sleepy and so I took a walk.16. Don’t you think it would be wise to review how much we've spent to date? (B) We should total our expenses up to now.17. The committee was selected by the college faculty. (B) The college faculty chose the committee members.18. Standing next to Paul is the dean of admissions. (C) The dean is standing beside Paul.19. The door banged shut. (D) The door closed loudly.20. Peter’s job search was unsuccessful. (B) Peter was unable to find a job.1991年8月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. The bank granted her loan to cover her school expenses. (C) She borrowed money from the bank to pay her school fees.2. Bill thanks for picking up the books for me. (D) I appreciate your getting my books, Bill.3. She said the demonstration begins at 8 o’clock, didn’t she? (C) I understand the demonstration will be at eight o'clock.4. Linda took night classes for ten years and eventually got her degree. (C) It took Linda ten years to earn her degree.5. Automobile pollution is a far greater problem than industrial waste. (B) Cars pollute more than industry does.6. I’m used to getting up early. (C) I usually get up early.7. Mary said she wanted to live by herself. (A) Mary doesn't want a roommate.8. Red lettering on signs is much more noticeable than blue. (B) Blue print is less eye-catching than red print.9. He stood up for what he thought was right. (B) He defended his point of view.10. I’d like to skip the meeting, but I can't just not go. (C) I'll go to the meeting even though I don't want to.11. I couldn't get David to tell where he's going on vacation. (A) David wouldn't tell me where he will spend his vacation.12. The radio is too loud only for Ben. (D) Just Ben thinks the radio is too loud.13. Let’s leave the ear at home and walk to town for a change. (D) I'd rather walk than drive today.14. Kevin raced through the station, afraid he'd miss the train. (B) Kevin didn't want to miss the train, so he ran to catch it.15. If we hadn't made the wrong turn, we’d have been on time. (D) We're late because we went the wrong way.16. Better than half the class was absent. (D) More than half of the students were not in class.17. People from the television station have requested the viewers to send in their suggestions.(A) The television station staff has asked for viewers' ideas.18. Although John would never believe it, I did try to return his telephone call. (C) I really tried to call John back.19. Lunch wasn't at all appealing today. (C) I didn't think today's lunch looked very good.20. Robert tends to keep his opinions to himself. (D) Robert seldom tells people what he's thinking.1991年10月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. The radio works well only in clear weather. (C) The radio doesn't work in bad weather.2. Actually, I don't think Jane's busy now. (A) I believe Jane's free at the moment.3. Gary has to face the facts. (B) He had to accept the truth.4. If I'd known the bank would be closed today. I would have gone there yesterday. (D) I didn't go to the bank yesterday.5. In computer programming, Susan is head and shoulders above the rest of us.(A) Susan is much better than we are in this subject.6. She is a first-year law student. (C) She's just begun her legal studies.7. For the next half hour, we will work out in the gym. (C) We will be exercising in the gymnasium for 30 minutes.8. When will these pictures be ready? (A) I've waited too long for the pictures.9. Jane was taught to drive by her brother. (B) He taught her how to drive.10. Philip's never been seen wear a tie. (D) He doesn't seem to ever wear a tie11. I must have left my office keys at home because I can't find them anywhere. (B) I forgot to bring my keys.12. Wasn't it the best meal you ever ate! (C) The food was delicious, don't you agree?13. We won't start a new lesson before next week. (D) There will be no new lesson this week.14. You took the bus to get here right? (B) I understand you came by bus.15. I am afraid that Alan is not up to such a difficult task. (D) I doubt that Alan can do the job.16. My cousin, who is a geography teacher, helped us plan out trip. (C) We received advice about our trip from my cousin.17. Dian was too excited to sit quietly and kept pacing the floor. (D) She couldn't hide her excitement.18. Robert wants to take up drawing. (A) He's interested in learning how to draw.19. He got bored playing cards last night; so he left early. (C) He did not stay for the entire evening.20. May I have a package of safety pins please? (C) Would you please give me safety pins.1992年1月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. Jack introduced us to his parents (D) We met his mother and father.2. I finished the assignment a week ago. (B) My assignment was completed last week3. We didn’t think you would mind C) We didn't expect it to bother you..4. Do go ahead with your dessert. (A) Please eat your dessert.5. He was extremely angry but didn't let it show. (B) He was hiding his feelings.6. Aren’t your clever to figure that out! (A) How smart you are to find the answer to that!7. Ann rides her bike to work to save money on bus fare. (B) Anne saves money by riding her bike to work8. My marks are higher than I thought they’d be. (B) I didn't think my marks would be this good.9. Alex will call before he comes, won’t he? (C) Will Alex phone before coming?10. The club president announced that each member has a quota of ten tickets to sell for the talent show.(B) Everyone in the club should sell at least ten tickets11. We should include these figures in the report, I think. (C) I believe the report ought to include this information.12. Now that I finally turned in my thesis, I plan to take it easy for a while. (C) I'm going to rest after all that hard work13. I don't think I heard her name mentioned before. (D) That name isn't familiar to me.14. No one came to the school play. (C) Nobody went to see the play.15. If only you told me sooner. (B) You should have informed me earlier.16. I’ve got to get going on my research project. (D) It's time to start my research project17. The actors received a standing ovation for their performance. (C) The audience stood up and applauded.18. A friend bought Doris's painting. (D) Doris' friend bought her painting19. Everyone thinks Carlo is a very outgoing fellow. (D) He's very friendly.20. I was late coming back from lunch today. (D) I look a longer lunch break today1111111992年5月托福听力文字及对应答案PART A1. We tried calling Ken, thinking he'd be home. (B) We expected Ken to answer the phone.2. She doesn't know we finished the experiment. (A) She thinks we haven't finished.3. Didn’t she handle her presentation well (B) She gave a good presentation4. I don't know Maxine although we went to the same university. (C) I never met Maxine when we were at college.5. At the end of the street is a bookstore where you can buy used books. (B) You can get secondhand books in that store.6. If he'd only asked me for help I'd have done my best for him. (A) I'd have been happy to help if he'd asked me.7. The shoe polish doesn't match the shoes. (A) The shoe polish is the wrong color.8. You’ll have to get another chair from the living room. (C) You'll have to bring another chair in here.9. I had a piece of Carla's birthday cake although I usually don't like dessert. (D) It was unusual that I ate some cake.10. Here take this pill, don’t chew it. (D) Swallow this tablet.11. I can't finish what I’m working on until I have your research result. (A) I need your data before I can finish my work.。
【托福听力资料】托福TPO8听力文本——Lecture 1
【托福听力资料】托福TPO8听力文本——Lecture 1众所周知，托福TPO材料是备考托福听力最好的材料。
相信众多备考托福的同学也一直在练习这套材料，那么在以下内容中我们就为大家带来托福TPO听力练习的文本，希望能为大家的备考带来帮助。
TPO 8 Lecture 1 Animal BehaviorPro: OK. Well, last time we talked about passive habitat selection, likeplants for example, they don’t make active choices about where to grow. They aredispersed by some other agent, like the wind. And if the seeds land in a suitable habitat, they do well and reproduce.With active habitat selection, an organism is able to physically selectwhere to live and breed. And because an animal’s breeding habitat is so important, we’d expect animal species to have developed preferences for particular types of habitats, places where their offspring have the best chanceof survival. So let’s look at the effect this preference can have by looking atsome examples.But first let’s recap. What do we mean by habitat? Frank?Stu: Well, it’s basically the place or environment where an organismnormally lives and grows.Pro: Right, and as we’v discussed, there are some key elements that ahabitat must contain, food obviously, water, it’s got to have the right climate and spaces for physical protection. And we saw how important habitat selection is when we look at habitats where some of these factors are removed, perhapsthrough habitat destruction. I just read about a shorebird, the plover.The plover lives by the ocean and feeds on small shellfish, insects and plants. It blends in with the sand, so it’s well-camouflaged from predator birds above. But it lays its eggs in shallow depressions in the sand with very little protection around them. So if there are people or dogs on the beach, the eggs and fledglings in the nests are really vulnerable. Out in California where there has been a lot of human development by the ocean. The plovers are now a threatened species. So conservationists tried to recreate a new habitat for them. They made artificial beaches and sand bars in areas inaccessible to people and dogs. And the plover population is up quite a bit in those places.Ok. That is an instance where a habitat is made less suitable. But now,what about cases where an animal exhibits a clear choice between two suitable habitats? In cases like that, does the preference matter? Well, Let’s look at the blue warbler.The Blue warbler is a songbird that lives in North America. They clearly prefer hard wood forests with dense shrubs, bushes underneath the trees. They actually nest in the shrubs, not the trees. So they’re pretty close to the ground, but these warblers also nest in forests that have low shrub density. It is usually the younger warblers that nest in these areas because the preferred spots where there are a lot of shrubs are taken by the older, more dominant birds.And the choice of habitat seems to affect reproductive success. Because the older, more experienced birds who nest in the high density shrub areas have significantly more offspring than those in low density areas, which suggests that the choice of where to nest does have an impact on the number of chicks they have.But a preferred environment doesn’t always seem to correlate with greater reproductive success. For example, In Europe, studies have been done of blackcap warblers. We just call them blackcaps.The Blackcap can be found in two different environments. Their preferred habitat is forests near the edge of streams. However, blackcaps also live in pine woods away from water. Studies have been done on the reproductive success rates for the birds in both areas, and the result showed surprisingly that the reproductive success was essentially the same in both areas--- the preferred and the second choice habitat. Well. Why?It turned out that there were actually four times as many bird pairs or couples living in the stream edge habitat compared to the area away from the stream. So this stream edge area had a much denser population, which meant more members of the same species competing for resources, wanting to feed on the same things or build their nests in the same places, which lower the suitability of the prime habitat even though it’s their preferred habitat. So the results of the study suggest that when the number of the competitors in the prime habitat reaches a certain point, the second rank habitat becomes just as successful asthe prime habitat, just because there are fewer members of the same species living there. So it looks like competition for resources is another important factor in determining if a particular habitat is suitable.。
托福听力真题练习
4-8 94年8月TOEFL听力A1. (A) Forget about going to the bank either Thursday or Friday.(B) Go to the bank Friday instead of the holiday.(C) Go to the bank Thursday because the next day is a holiday.(D) Get the money from the bank Friday for your vacation.2. (A) Can we have two tape recorders like this one?(B) Can we order another tape?(C) Can someone fix this tape recorder?(D) Can this tape be recorded again?3. (A) Steve cooked dinner for me last night.(B) Steve agreed to have dinner with me.(C) The meal tasted good to Steve.(D) Steve was unpleasant yesterday evening.4. (A) She doesn't know which day to go.(B) She has no plans for today.(C) She doesn't want to do anything more now.(D) She doesn't want to do anything more now.5. (A) Betty has had the book for months.(B) Betty has become a faster reader.(C) Betty borrowed the book for a week.(D) Betty used to read much more.6. (A) The visitors were looking for a place nearby to eat.(B) We met the visitors at a restaurant far from here.(C) We were invited to dinner by the visitors.(D) The visitors nearly passed us by.7. (A) Mark and his friends like to spend money.(B) Mark's friends are likely to take a long time.(C) Mark enjoys the company of his friends.(D) Mark's time with his friends is wasted.8. (A) The game didn't start until ten minutes of seven.(B) There are ten minutes left in the game.(C) The game ran ten minutes into overtime.(D) The game won't begin for ten more minutes.9. (A) She needs more space for her collection.(B) Her paintings have been damaged.(C) Her paintings cannot be replaced.(D) She has corrected the text of the exhibit program.10. (A) He has worked for three companies.(B) Three of the companies turned him away.(C) His company wants to hire three people.(D) He decided not to accept several job offers.11. (A) His sight is still not too good.(B) He was too tired to notice who was sitting there.(C) He was still sitting after the others had gotten up.(D) he could not stay still because he was so nervous.12. (A) He forgot where he put his coat.(B) He couldn't remember the code.(C) He rushed and left his coat behind.(D) He caught a cold running without a jacket.13. (A) Those shoes are poor quality.(B) Those shoes are cheaper at another store.(C) Don't buy those shoes downtown; they cost more there.(D) Sales aren't hard to find in this part of town.14. (A) Donna should give her friends a chance to explain.(B) Donna shouldn't bother to try to change her friends' opinions.(C) Donna shouldn't talk as quickly as her friends do.(D) Donna should convince her brother to visit her friends.15. (A) We let him listen to all the stories about Washington.(B) We all went along with him to Washington.(C) We all told him that he should go on a trip.(D) We had to listen as he told us all the details of his trip.16. (A) I think we're ready to run the computer program.(B) There aren't enough computers for us all.(C) I think all the paper is gone.(D) We ran out to buy a paper.17. (A) I don't believe they've registered for camp.(B) The camp they're attending is far from here.(C) I know when they registered for camp.(D) I didn't notify them about camp registration.18. (A) I may be moving to a new place soon.(B) I know I can't stay home all the time.(C) I no longer live at home.(D) I'll be leaving for home soon.19. (A) I don't have time to get my car fixed.(B) My car had to be repaired again.(C) My car broke down for the second time this week.(D) I expect to have another car problem soon.20. (A) The professor talked about personality conflicts.(B) The professor included tales from his past in the talks.(C) The professor asked the students to tell stories about their college days.(D) The professor's personality had changed since his college days.21. (A) It's extremely hot outside.(B) They can eat at a sidewalk cafe.(C) The food should be kept warm.(D) They should have eggs for supper.22. (A) Go to sleep.(B) Drink less coffee.(C) Eat something.(D) Buy some more cups.23. (A) She thought it was interesting.(B) She has considered getting it.(C) She bought it already.(D) She has finished reading it.24. (A) He agrees that Sarah has been successful.(B) He thinks Sarah is a new student in class.(C) He'd like to tell everyone about Sarah.(D) It's time Sarah finished school.25. (A) He's in a hurry to get there.(B) It would be better to wait an hour for the car.(C) They should leave later to avoid traffic.(D) He would rather not drive.26. (A) They need plenty of chairs.(B) She wants to have the meeting at six o'clock.(C) People should bring their own chairs.(D) At least 67 people are expected.27. (A) Keep his leg in the same position.(B) Gross his legs in a different way.(C) Shift his weight to the other leg.(D) Move his leg around.28. (A) The man doesn't need a new racket.(B) The man needs new tennis shoes.(C) The man is out of shape.(D) The man spent too much on his tennis shoes.29. (A) They should wait for Carol to call them.(B) They should telephone Carol tomorrow.(C) The man doesn't have the right number.(D) Carol probable got home before they did.30. (A) The rumor comes from a normally reliable source.(B) Jim shouldn't have started the rumor.(C) She thinks the rumor is false.(D) She is upset by the rumor about Jim.31. (A) The window is broken.(B) He has poor vision.(C) He needs his sunglasses.(D) The picture frame is broken.32. (A) Delivery of the parts has been delayed.(B) She doesn't know whether the parts have arrived.(C) She will reorder the parts.(D) The man should help carry the parts.33. (A) In a stationery store.(B) In a library.(C) In a classroom.(D) In a post office.34. (A) The woman can't attend the meeting.(B) The woman was mistaken.(C) He couldn't keep his promise.(D) He didn't know what the woman thought.35. (A) She hasn't tasted the pizza yet.(B) She shouldn't eat too much pizza.(C) She's never had a better pizza.(D) She doesn't particularly like the pizza.36. (A) She'll ride with Jack's roommate.(B) She'll drive her own car.(C) She'll fly.(D) She'll take a train.37. (A) At a concert.(B) On a train.(C) At camp.(D) At Jack's party.38. (A) They both live in New York.(B) They both know Jack.(C) They are both interested in music.(D) They both enjoy camping.39. (A) The salinity of the ocean.(B) Pollutants found at sea.(C) The composition of coral reefs.(D) The weather patterns of coastal areas.40. (A) It is measured annually.(B) It is highest at the ocean's surface.(C) It has increased over time.(D) It has decreased over time.41. (A) Seaweed found in kelp beds.(B) Industrial waste.(C) Meteorites.(D) Underwater volcanoes.42. (A) They are more nutritious than freshwater shellfish.(B) They contribute to the salinity of the ocean.(C) They use salt to build their shells.(D) They inhabit coral reefs.43. (A) The ocean saturates the atmosphere with water.(B) More salt particles are suspended in the air over the coast.(C) The dust from blowing sand causes moisture to condense.(D) Lower coastal elevations attract predictable weather patterns.44. (A) In the radio studio.(B) In the bicycle shop.(C) On the road.(D) At the starting line.45. (A) Last year's tour winner.(B) A cyclist being interviewed.(C) president of the Ottawa Bicycle Club.(D) A sports reporter for a local news show.46. (A) To meet cyclists from other countries.(B) To race with professional athletes.(C) To exercise and enjoy themselves.(D) To compete for a valuable first prize.47. (A) In any order they wish.(B) In groups at timed intervals.(C) Bicycle club members first, then others.(D) Racers first, then average cyclists.48. (A) The history and traditions of early corn farmers.(B) The growing cycle of Indian corn.(C) Differences between the two corn harvests.(D) Various ways to prepare corn.49. (A) It was first boiled and then dried.(B) It was braided in bundles and steamed.(C) it was dried and then ground into flour.(D) It was roasted and wrapped in husks.50. (A) They braided them with animal hair for clothing.(B) They bundled them together for fuel.(C) They used them to insulate their homes.(D) They made various items from them.。
托福TPO4套听力真题(文本)
托福TPO4套听力真题（文本）小马过河为大家准备了“托福TPO4套听力真题（文本）”，供各位备考托福的考生们参考使用，来提高自己的托福成绩！免费咨询电话：400-0123-267。
TPO-4TPO 04 – Listening PartConversationNarratorListen to a conversation between a student and a librarian.LibrarianCan I help you?StudentYeah, Ineed to find a review. It’s for myEnglish class. Wehave to find reviews of theplay we are reading. But theyhave to be from when the play was first performed,so I need to know when that was and I suppose I should startwith newspaper reviews and…LibrarianContemporary reviews.StudentSorry?LibrarianYou want contemporaryreviews. What’s the name of the play?StudentIt’s Happy Strangers. Itwas written in 1962 and we are supposed to writeabou t itsinfluence on American theatre and show why it’s been so important.LibrarianWell, that certainly explains whyyour professor wantsyou to read some ofthose old reviews. The critiquesreally torethe play to pieceswhen it opened.It’s so controve rsial. Nobody had everseen anything like it on the stage.StudentReally? Isthat a big deal?LibrarianOh, sure. Ofcourse thecritiques’reaction made some people kind ofcuriousabout it.Theywanted to see what’s causing all the fuss. In fact,we wer eonvacation in New York. Oh, I had tobe, eh,around 16 or so, and myparentstookme to see it. That would’ve been about 1965.StudentSo that wasthe year premier,great, but eh,newspaper from back then weren’tonline,so, how do I…LibrarianWell, wehave copies ofall the newspapers in the basement, and all the majorpapers publish reference guides to their articlesreviews,etc. You willfindthem in the reference stacksin the back. ButI start with 1964, so I thinktheplay had been running for a little while when I saw it.StudentHow do you like it?I mean just two characterson the stage hanging aroundand basically doing nothing.LibrarianWell, Iwas impressed. Theactors werefamous, and besides it was myfirsttime in a realtheatre.But you are right.It was definitelydifferent from manyplays that we read in high school. Ofcourse, in a small town the assignmentsare prettytraditional.StudentYeah, I’ve only read it but it doesn’t seem like it would be much fun to watch.The st orydoesn’t progress in anysort oflogical matter,doesn’t have realending either,just stops. Honestly,you know,I thought it was kind of slow andboring.LibrarianOh, wellI guess you might think that. Butwhen Isaw it back then it wasanything but boring. Some parts werereally funny,but Iremembercrying too.But I’m not sure just reading it. You know, they’ve done thisplay at least onceon campus. I’m sure thereis a tape of theplay in our video library. You mightwant to borrow it.StudentThat’s a good idea. I’ll have a better idea of what I really thinkof it before I read those reviews.LibrarianI’m sure you willbe surprised that anyone ever found it radical. But you will see whyit is still powerful, dramatically speaking.StudentYeah, it must be something about it,or the professor wouldn’thave assigned it.I’m sure I’ll figure it out.LectureNarratorListen to part ofa lecturein a biology class. The class is discussing animal behavior.ProfessorOk, the nextkind ofanimal behavior I want to talkabout might be familiar toyou. You mayhave seen, for example, a bird that’s in the middle ofa mating ritual, and suddenly it stops and preens,you know, takesa few momentstostraighten its feathers, and then returns tothe mating ritual. This kind of behavior,this doing something that seems completelyout ofplace, is what wecalla ‘Displacement Activity’. Displacement activitiesare activities that animal’s engaging in when theyhave conflicting drives. Ifwe takeour examplefrom a minute ago, if thebird is afraid ofits mate,it’s conflicted.It wantsto mate but it’s also afraid and wantsto run away. So, instead, it startsgrooming itself.So, the displacement activity,the grooming, the straightening ofits feathers,seems to be an irrelevant behavior.So, what do you think anotherexample ofa displacementactivity might be?KarlHow about an animal that, um, instead of fighting its enemyor running away,itattacksa plant or a bush?ProfessorThat’s reallygood suggestion, Karl. But that’s called ‘redirecting’.The animal isredirecting itsbehavior to another object, in this case, theplant or the bush.But that’s not an irrelevant or inappropriate behavior.The behavior makessense. It’s appropriate under the circumstances.But what doesn’t make senseis the object thebehavior‘s directed towards. Ok, who else? Carol?CarolI thinkI read in another class about an experimentwhere an object that theanimal was afraid of was put nextto its food – nextto the animal’s food. Andthe animal, it wasconflicted between confronting theobject and eating thefood, so instead, it just fellasleep. Like that?ProfessorThat’s exactlywhat I mean. Displacement occursbecause theanimal’s got twoconflicting drives – two competing urges, in thiscase, fear and hunger. Andwhat happens is, theyinhibit each other,theycanceleach other out in a wayand a third seemingly irrelevant behavior surfaces through a processthat wecall‘Disinhibition’. Now in disinhibition, thebasic idea is that two drivesthatseem to inhibit,to hold back, a third drive. Or, well,they’re getting in a wayofeach in a… in a conflict situation and somehow lose control,lose theirinhibiting effecton that third behavior,which means thatthe third drive surfaces, it’s expressed in theanimal’s behavior.Now,these displacementactivities can include feeding, drinking, grooming, even sleeping. These arewhat we call ‘Comfort Behavior’.So whydo you thinkdisplacement activitiesare so often comfort behaviors, such as grooming?KarlMaybe because it’s easy for them to do? I mean,grooming is like one of themost accessible things an animal can do. It’s something theydo all thetime,and theyhave the stimulus right there on the outside oftheir bodies in order to do thegrooming, or if food is right in front of them.Basically, theydon’t have to think verymuch about those behaviors.CarolProfessor,isn’t it possible that animals groom because they’ve got messed upa little from fight ing or mating? I mean if a bird’s feathersget ruffled or an animal’s fur,maybe it’s not so strange for them to stop and tidythemselves upat that point.ProfessorThat’s another possible reason although it doesn’t necessarily explain other behavi ors such as eating, drinking or sleeping. What’s interesting is that studies have been done that suggest thatthe animal’s environment mayplay apart in determining what kind of behavior it displays. For example,there’s abird, the ‘wood thrush’,anyway, when the ‘wood thrush’is in an attack-escapeconflict, that is, it’s caught between the two urges to escape from or to attackan enemy,if it’s sitting on a horizontalbranch, it’ll wipe itsbeak on itsperch.Ifit’s sitting on a verticalbranch, it’ll groom its breast feathers.The immediateenvironment of thebird, its immediate,um, its relationship to its immediateenvironment seemsto play a part in which behavior will display.LectureNarratorListen to part ofa lecturein a literatureclass.ProfessorAll right,so let me close today’s class with some thoughts to keep in mindwhile you are doing tonight’s assignment. You will be reading one of RalphWaldo Emerson’s best-known essays ‘Self-Reliance’and comparing it with hispoems and other works. Ithink this essay has the potentialto be quitemeaningful for all ofyou as young people who probably wonder about thingslike truth and whereyour lives are going - all sorts ofprofound questions.Knowing something about Emerson’s philosophie s will help you when youread ‘Self-Reliance’.And basically, one ofthe main beliefs that he had wasabout truth. Not that it’s something that wecan be taught,Emerson says it’sfound within ourselves. So this truth,the idea that it’s in each one ofus, is oneof thefirst points that you’ll see Emerson ** in this essay. It’s a bitabstract but he’s very into…ah…into each person believing his or her ownthought, believing in yourself, the thought or conviction that’s truefor you. But actually, he tiesthat in with a sort of ‘universal truth’ – something that everyone knows but doesn’t realizetheyknow. Most of us aren’tin touch with ourselvesin a way,so we just aren’t capable of recognizing profound truth. Ittakesgeniuses, people like, say,Sh akespeare, who’reunique because when theyhave a glimpse at this truth,this universal truth,theypay attention to it and expressit and don’t just dismiss it like most people do.So Emerson is reallyinto each individual believing in and trusting him orherself.You’ll see thathe writesabout, well,first, conformity. Hecriticizes that people of his time for abandoning their own minds and their own wills for thesake of conformity and consistency. Theytryto fit in with the restof the worldeven thou gh it’s at odds with their beliefsand their identities. Therefore,it’sbest to be a non-conformist – to do your own thing, not worrying about whatother people think. That’s an important point. Hereally drives thisargumenthome throughout the essay.When you are reading, I want you to think about that and why thatkind ofthought would be relevant to the readers of his time. Rememberthis is 1838,‘Self-Reliance’was a novel idea at thetime and the United State’s citizenswereless secure about themselvesas individuals and as Americans. Thecountry as a whole was trying to define itself. Emerson wanted to give peoplesomething to reallythink about, help them find theirown wayand what it meantto be who theywere.So that’s something that I thin k is definitely as relevanttoday as it was then, probably, um, especially among young adults likeyourselves, you know,uh, college being a time to sort of reallythink about whoyou are and where you’re going.Now we already said that Emerson really emphasizesnon-conformity, right,asa way to sort of not lose your own self and identityin the world, to have yourown truth and not be afraid to listen to it. Well, he takes thisa stepfurther. Notconforming also means, uh, not conforming with yourself or your past. Whatdoes that mean?Well, if you’ve always been a certain way or done a certainthing, but it’s not working for you anymore,or you’re not content,Emersonsays that it’d be foolish to be consistent evenwith our own past. ‘Focus on t hefuture,’ he says, “That'swhat matters more.Inconsistency is good.”He talksabout a ship’s voyage and this is one of themost famous bits oftheessay - how the best voyage is made up of zigzag lines. Up close, it seemsalittle all over theplace, but from fartheraway, the truepath shows and in theend it justifies all theturns along the way.So, don’t worry if you are not surewhere you’re headed or what your long-term goals are.Staytrue to yourselfand it’ll make sense in the end. I mean,I can at test tothat. BeforeI was aliteratureprofessor, Iwas an accountant.Beforethat,I was a newspaperreporter.My life is taking some prettyinteresting turns and here I am, veryhappy with my experiencesand wherethey’ve brought me. Ifyou relyonyourself and trust your own talents,your own interest, don’t worry,your pathwill make sense in the end.ConversationNarratorListen to a conversation between a student and a professor.ProfessorHey,Jane, you look like you arein a hurry.StudentYeah, things are a little crazy.ProfessorOh yeah? What’s going on?StudentOh, it’s nothing. Well, since it’s your class, I guess it’s OK. It’s, it’s just I am having trouble with mygroup project.ProfessorAh, yes, due next week.What’s your group doing again?StudentIt’s about United StatesSupreme Court Decisions. We are looking at theimpact of recent caseson propertyrights, municipal land use cases, owningdisputes.ProfessorRight,OK. And i t’s not going well?StudentNot really.I’m worried about othertwo people in my group. Theyare just sittingback, not really doing their fair share ofthe work and waiting for an A. It’s kindof stressing me out,because we aregetting close to thedeadline and I feellikeI’m doing everything for this project.ProfessorAh, the good old free writerproblem.StudentFree writer?ProfessorAh, it’s just a term that describes thissituation, when people in the group seekto getthe benefits ofbeing in a group without contributing tothe work. Anyway,what exactly do you mean when you say theyjust sit back? I mean,they’vebeen following theweekly progress repotswith me.StudentYes, but I feellike I’m doing 90% ofthe work. I hateto sound so n egative here,but honestly, theyare taking credit for things theyshouldn’t take credit for. Likelast weekin the library,we decided to split up theresearch into 3 partsandeach of us was supposed to find sources in the library for our parts. I went offto the stackand found some really good materialfor mypart, but when I gotback to our table,theywere just goofing off and talking. So I wentand gotmaterialsfor theirsections as well.ProfessorUm…you know you shouldn’t do that.StudentI know,but I didn’t want to risk the project going down thedrain.ProfessorI know Teresa and Kevin. I had both ofthem on othercourses. So, I’m familiarwith the workand work habits.StudentI know,me too. That’s why this has reallysurprised me.ProfessorDo you…does your group like your topic?StudentWell, Ithink we’d all ratherfocus on casesthat deal with personal liberties,questions about freedom of speech,things like that.But Ichose propertyrights.ProfessorYou chose the topic?StudentYeah, Ithought it would be good for us, all of us to trysomething new.ProfessorUm…maybe that’s part of theproblem. Maybe Teresa and Kevin aren’t thatexcited about the topic? And since you picked it,have you thought…talktothem at all about picking a different topic?StudentBut we’ve got all the sourcesand it’s due next week. We don’t have time to start from scratch.ProfessorOK, I will letyou go ‘cause I know you are so busy. But you might consider talking to your group about your topic choice.StudentI willthink about it. Gotto run, see you in class.LectureNarratorListen to part ofa lecturein a geology class.ProfessorNow we’ve got a few minutes beforewe leave for today.So I’ll just touch on an inter esting subject that I think makesan important point. We’ve been covering rocks and different types ofrocks for the last severalweeks. Butnext weekwe are going to do something a bit different.And to get started I thought I’d mention something that sho ws how uh…as a geologist, you need toknowabout more than just rocksand the structureof solid matter,moving rocks, you may have heard about them.It’s quite a mystery.Death valley is this desert plane, a dry lake bed inCalifornia surrounded bymountains and on the desertfloor these huge rocks,some ofthem hundreds of pounds. And theymove. Theyleave long trailsbehind them,tracksyou might say as theymove from one point to another.Butnobody has been able to figure out how theyare moving because no one haseverseen it happen.Now there area lot of theories,but all we know for sure is that people aren’t’moving the rocks. Thereare no footprints, no tyretracks and no heavymachinery like a bulldozer…uh, nothing was everbrought in to move theseheavy rocks.So what’s going on? TheoryNO.1 ---Wind? Some researchersthink powerfuluh…windstorms might move the rocks. Most of therocks move in the samedirection as the dominant wind pattern from southwest to northeast.But some,and thisis interesting, move straight west while some zigzag or even move inlarge circles.Um…How can that be?How about wind combined with rain? The ground ofthis desertis made of clay. It’s a desert,so it’s dry.But when thereis theoccasionalrain, the clay gr ound becomesextremelyslippery.It’s hard foranyone tostand on, walk on. Some scientiststheorized that perhaps when theground is slipperythe high winds can then move the rocks. There’s a problemwith this theory.One team ofscientists flooded an area ofthe desert with water,then tryto establish how much wind forcewould be necessary to move therocks. And guess this, you need winds of at least five hundred miles an hour to move just the smallest rocks. And winds that strong have neverbeen recorded. Ever!Not on thisplanet.So Ithink it’s safe to say that that issues has been settled.Hereis another possibility–ice.It’s possible that rain on thedesert floor could turn to thin sheetsof ice when temperaturesdrop at night. So if rocks…uh becomi ngbetter than ice,uh … OK, could a pieceof ice with rocks in it be pushed around by thewind? Butthere’s a problem with thistheory,too. Rockstrapped in ice togetherwould have moved togetherwhen the ice moved. Butthat doesn’talways happen. The rocksseem to take separate routes.Thereare a fewother theories. Maybe the ground vibrates, or maybe theground itself is shifting, tilting. Maybe the rocksare moved bya magnetic force. But sadly all these ideas have been eliminated as possibilities. The re’s just no evidence.I bet you are saying to yourself well, whydon’t scientists just setup video camerasto record what actually happens? Thing is this is a protective wilderness area. So by law that type of research isn’t allowed. Besides, in powerful windstorms, sensitive camera equipment would be destroyed. Sowhycan’t researchers just live therefor a while until theyobserve the rocks’moving? Same reason.So whereare we now? Well, right now we still don’t have any answers. So allthis leads backto mymain point – you need to know about more than justrocks as geologists. The researchersstudying moving rocks, well, theycombine their knowledge of rockswith knowledge of wind, ice and such…umnot successfully, not yet.But you know,theywould even have been able to getstartedwithout uh… earth science understanding – knowledge about wind,storms, you know,meteorology. You need tounderstand physics. So forseveralweeks like Isaid we’ll be addressing geology from a wider prospective.I guess that’s all for today. See you next time.LectureNarratorListen to part ofa lecturein a United Statesgovernment class.ProfessorOK, last timewe were talking about government support for the arts. Who cansum up some of themain points? Frank?FrankWell, Iguess there wasn’t reallyany, you know, official government support forthe artsuntil thetwentieth century. Butthe first attempt theUnited Statesgovernment made to,you know, to support the artswas the FederalArtProject.ProfessorRight,so what can you say about the project?FrankUm…it was started during the Depression, um…in the 1930s to employout-of-work artists.ProfessorSo wasit successful? Janet?What do you say?JanetYeah, sure,it was successful. I mean, for one thing, the project established a lot of…uh like community art centersand galleriesand places like ruralareas where people hadn’t really had access to thearts.ProfessorRight.FrankYeah. Butdidn’tthe government end up wasting a lot of money for art that wasn’t even verygood?ProfessorUh…some people might say that. Butwasn’t theprimary objective of the FederalArt Project to provide jobs?FrankThat’s true.Imean…it did provide jobs for thousands of unemployed artists. ProfessorRight.But then when the United Statesbecame involved in the Second World War,unemployment was down and it seems that these programs weren’treally necessary any longer.So, moving on, we don't actuallysee any govern…wellany realgovernment involvement in the artsagain until theearly 1960s, when President Kennedyand otherpoliticians started topush for major funding to support and promotethe arts. Itwas felt bya number ofpoliticians that …wellthat the governmenthad a responsibilityt o support the artsas sort of…oh, what can we say?...thethe soul…or spirit of the country. The idea was that therebe a federal subsidy…um…uh…financial assistance to artists and artistic or cultural institutions. And for just those reasons, in 1965, the National Endowment for the Artswas created.So it was through the NEA,the National Endowment for the Arts, um…that the artswould develop, would be promoted throughout the nation. And thenindividual statesthroughout thecountry started to establish their own state arts councils to help support the arts. Therewas kind of uh…culturalexplosion.And bythe mid 1970s, by 1974 I think, all fifty stateshad their own arts agencies, their own state artscouncils that work with the federalgovernmentwith corporations, artists, performers, you name it.FrankDid you just say corporations? How are theyinvolved?ProfessorWell, you see, corporations aren’t always altruistic. Theymight not support the artsunless…well, unless the government made i t attractive for them to do so,by offering corporations tax incentives tosupport the arts, that is, by lettingcorporations pay less in taxesif theywerepatrons ofthe arts. Um, theKennedyCentre in Washington D.C., you mayuh…maybe you’ve been there,or Lincoln Centrein New York. Bothof these werebuilt with substantialfinancial support from corporations. And the Kennedyand Lincoln centresaren’t the only examples. Manyof your cultural establishments in theUnitedStateswill have a plaque somewhere acknowledging the support – themoneytheyreceived from whatevercorporation. Oh, yes, Janet?JanetBut aren’t therea lot ofpeople who don’t think it’s thegovernment’s role tosupport the arts?ProfessorWell, as a matter offact, a lot ofpoliticians who did not believe in governmentsupport for the arts, theywantedto do away with the agencyentirely, for thatveryreason, to get rid of governmentalsupport.But theyonly succeeded intaking away about half the annual budget. And as far as thepublic goes,well…thereare about as many individuals who disagree with the governmentsupport as thereare those who agree.In fact,with artistsin particular, youhave lots of artistswho support and who have benefited from this agency,although it seems that just as many artistssuppose a government agencybeing involved in the arts, for many different reasons, reasons like theydon’twant the government to controlwhat theycreate.In other words, theargumentsboth for and against government funding ofthe artsare as manyand, and as varied as the individual styles ofthe artists who hold them.源于：小马过河相关推荐：2012年11月18日托福写作真题解析2012年11月18日托福口语真题解析2012年11月18日托福阅读真题解析2012年11月18日托福听力真题解析。
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04年 8月托福听力文字Part A1．M: Mariah, I lent you a couple of videos last week. I'd like to pass them on to another student todayW: I have one in my bag ,but could I keep the other one until tomorrow ?I haven't quite finished it yetQ: what does the woman imply?2．M: Is there a discount on tiket with the student ID card?M: Oh, let me see, I need to check. Just a second.Q: what can be inferred about the woman?3．W: Didn't you say your brother used to come to the school before you did?M: Yep, he sure did. And my sister will star next fall.Q: What does the man mean4. M: I've been looking to buy a red sweater. But I can't find one anywhere in town W: You know. I just saw one in campus store. And it looked like may be your size Q: What does the woman say about the campus store..5. W: Can I use your computer this afternoon? Every time I go to the library, noneof the ones there are free.M: I've got a big project to finish tomorrow. Is there anyone else you can ask? Q: what can be inferred from the conversation?6. M: Nancy, remember yesterday you asked me to pay your phone bill? I forgot W: What! Yesterday was the last day of the month. Now I have to pay an extra free Q: What does the woman mean?7. W: What happened? We were supposed to meet here at 5 o’clock I've been waitingfor you almost 20 minutesM: Sorry. I was working all day for my history paper and I got to so wrapped up in the research that I completely lost track of the time.Q: What does the man mean?8. M: I wish I could help you. But, I'm not really good with computers. WheneverI have a problem with my computer, I just turn the whole thing off and thenstart all over again.W: Well, I try that already about a dozen times.Q: what can be inferred about the conversation?9. M: I'm really enjoying that literature class with Professor Benson. Wasn’t thelecture this morning interesting?W: To tell you the truth, I was so exhausted from staying up last night to finish the reading, but I didn't get much out of itQ: what does the woman mean?10. M: I'm looking for a gift for a friend of mine. Any suggestions?W: Well, I’d have to know a little bit about your friend first. It's hard for me to say otherwise.Q: what does the woman imply the man should do?11. M: Why are you lugging that heavy history books around? Don't you know you canread it all on a computer?W: Yeah. But that' not for me. There's something about the few of the printed page that just appeals to me.Q: what does the woman mean?12. W: Look at this place. It's a complete mess .my roommate never helps cleananything. She's always on the phone and...M: It's sounds like one of you will have to go.Q: What does the man mean?13. W: I hope it's not going to rain for the picnic on Sunday. I'd hate to have tocall everyone and postpone it again.M: Well, sorry to tell you this .But you'd better get the guest's list and calendar out.Q: what does the man imply?14. M: I wish I could afford season tickets to the opera.W: Well, just think of how much time you have to do other thingsQ: what does the woman imply15. W: So what we have in this article, are two different opinions about the samehistorical period, and I’d want you to notice how far part they are? M: Excuse me. Professor Walton. But which one do you think is right?Q: what does the man want professor to do?16. W: I just found someone's wallet lying in the street. Luckily, the owner'stelephone number is inside.M: My house is a short walk from hereQ: what does the man imply?17. W: I need these articles photocopied and stapled(装订)for my 4'o clockmeeting .Do you think you can have it done by then.M: There are several letters I need to type. They are not very urgent though.So I can make this my top priority.Q: what will the man probably do?18. W: Is biology class cancelled next Friday for the long weekend.M: Professor Smith cancelled the class? You've got to be joking?Q: what does the man mean?19. M: I was wondering if you might be able to go the drug store for me and geta bottle of cough syrup and some flu medicine.W: You know, you've been sick for over a week now. Why don't you get yourself looked at?Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?20. W: That was really nice of you to look over my application to graduate school.What did you think of my answer to that last question? You know, where I have to state my career goals and how I've been working towards them the past few yearsM: I think your statement is OK. But why do you mention only your course. Itseems to be you should also describe your work experienceQ: what does the man imply?21. M: If Jane calls, would you tell her I had to go to the newspaper office fora few minutes?W: OK. Should I tell her she can reach you anytime after ,say ,2'o clock?Q: what will the woman probably do when Jane calls?22. M: I'm so sorry. Is that your coat over there? I just split the coffee on it. W: It's no big deal. I was taking it to the cleaner's anyway.Q: what can be inferred from the conversation?23. M: I am studying biochemistry, but I wonder if that fields are already tooover-crowed.W: I doubt it. If present trends continue, you should pretty much have your pick of jobs by the time you graduate.Q: what does the woman mean?24. W: I'm on the publicity committee for the arts school exhibition being held onSaturday .And I'm wondering you were supposed to oversee the invitation. M: Is this Saturday already? I've forgotten about it. But, yes I did respond that I'd be there25. M: I can't imagine that anyone would pay 7 dollars for 3 ouches of toothpaste. W: I guess this new toothpaste company knows something we don't. Because it sure seems to be selling.Q: what does the woman imply?26. M: Don't you find professor Joson to be very intimidating? He seems so strictin class.W: It might be too early to tell. But I hear he usually loosens up by about middle termsQ: what does the woman mean?27. M: It's so nice that I plan to go hiking. But there's storm warning on the radio. W: If I were you i would reconsider. The weather can be very changeable around here.Q: what does the woman imply the man should do?28. W: Have you noticed what creative drawing Sidney makes? I'm surprised she isnot interested in going into commercial art(商业美术).M: I know. But I 'm sure she'll do well in law school too.Q: what can be inferred about Sidney?29. W: Excuse me. I'm trying to get to the health clinic. But I seem to have lostmy way.M: Sorry .This is my first day on this campus.Q: What does the man imply?30. W: Are you interested in seeing that new film Saturday night? I heard it’s reallygood.M: This Saturday? Well, thanks. But, you know I’m a big sports fan, and basketball team is playing then. How about Sunday?Q: What does the man imply?Part B31～34W：So you are up to some tennis this afternoon or what?M: Well, to tell you the truth, I’m not feeling so hot today.W: Come on. How long has it been since we played.M: A couple of days.W: A couple of days? Come on. It’s been mo re than a couple of days.M: Yeah. I guess you’re right. It’s been almost a week.W: It’s been exactly a week. And we used to play at least three times this week. M: I know. Playing right after classed was something to look forward to.W: Yeah. And it was right before dinner. So we build up our appetite.M: I’ve just been very busy. I guess. And my stomach is bothering today.W: But you look ok to me.M: Well, I was up late with Steve in the library working on a project we got to do by tomorrow for that anthropology class. We've been working on it all weekend. And I was drinking a lot of coffee. I guess I just drank too much. W: Listen. I took that class last semester. And I could meet you in the library later tonight and help with if you want. And then you have time to play tennis this afternoon.M: Yeah. I guess my stomach doesn’t hurt that bad. And I could certainly use your help. But it’s also….W: Is there something else bothering you?M: Well, to be honest, I am getting tired of always losing.（总算说实话了^_^）31 What are the students mainly discussing?32 When was the last time the speaker play tennis?33 What does the man think is the reason for his stomach?34 What does the woman offer to do for the man?35～38M: How about a walk, Nancy?W: Sure. Let’s go now before it gets dark.M: What’s your hurry?W: Haven’t you noticed? The street lights on campus are different. They gave offa hazy(朦胧的) yellow glow that make some colors fade out. It is not as muchfun taking an evening walk as it was before.M: Oh, you mean the new sodium bulbs. Yeah, that was in the newspaper. They make things look different alright. But they provide better visibility than regular lighting. They are tuned to the colors in which human vision is the sharpest and that section is amplified. The problem is that a lot of the colors are blocked out.W: Well, I don’t feel comfortable when green looks like brown. Sodium bulbs might make sense for highways, though, if they really do improve visibility so much.M: Yeah. And the interesting thing is that the new halogen headlights(双卤素前灯) on cars cancel out the adverse aspects of sodium lighting and the colors appear natural again.W: Well, then sodium bulbs should be used only where there are a lot of cars. Why are they in places where I want to take a quiet walk? The city must be trying to save money.M: It is. Sodium bulbs last about 7 times longer than regular bulbs. It can be that,I guess.35 What’ the main subject of this conversation?36.Why does the woman want to take a walk right away?37 Why do colors appear natural at night on a highway lighted by sodium bulbs?38 What’s one reason that sodium bulbs are being installed?Part C39-41I’d like to share with you today my experience with the new approach to building a house. It’s called Envelop Building. Essentially, what it means is that as you are building a house, you try to leave the landscape feature on the land, especially the vegetation in the original condition. So what you are not doing is the usual practice of land-scraping. By which I mean literally scraping or clearing land of any and all the original plants. Why is the approach called Envelop Building? Because instead of clearing everything away, you let your original landscape elements envelop or surround your house. Let the vegetation physical features such as hills and slopes or interesting rock formations, constituted a significant part of the character of the building sight. The design of the house should take these features of the property into account. Actually integrating your original wild landscape witha house is not that new. The famous American architect Wright was doing it about65 years ago. So we are in good company. Envelop Building is not as easy as it sounds though. I t’s not just that you build your house and leave the land alone. By building, you are already damaging the original landscape. But as architects, we should try to work with environment, not against it. A creative architect can find ways to incorporate natural landscape into the overall design. For example, why used the massive boulders on the side of one of the most famous houses has part of the house foundation?39According to the professor, what does the term “landscaping” refer to?40In Envelop Building, what is done with the landscape features of a building sight?41 Why does the professor mention the architect Frank Loid Wright?42-46Today we are going to talk about copyrighting works of art. A copyright is a proof of authorship（作者身份）. It protects artists against someone else using their work without their permission. It’s important to remember that United States Copyright Law protects artistic expressions such as paintings, but does not protect any ideas,concept, procedure or technique. In all the United States Copyright Law, Artists needed to take several steps to obtain copyright protection. The law as changed in 1978 and again 1989. For artists the current law means everything they create is automatically and immediately copyrighted. They don’t have to file any documents and under the protection of the Copyright Law, any recreations of their original work such as prints are also covered by the artists copyright. Further more, any changes artists made to their original works are covered. The Law also makes it clear that when someone buys the work of art, they are not allowed to destroy or change that work of art. Artists keep the copyright even after selling the work of art. The purchaser may buy the physical work, but the right to make prints or copies is still the artists’ and buyers does not automatically have any right to make and sell prints or copies of work. Although works are automatically copyrighted, artists are encouraged to register their work with United States Copyright Office. Registering art provides additional legal protection and also gives the people around the world the ability to approach the honors about licensing and purchasing right.42 What is the talk mainly about?43 When does the Artist Copyright start?44 What does the United States Copyright Law state about a work of art that is sold?45 What does the professor say about the United States Copyright Law?46 What is an advantage of registering art with the United States Copyright Office.47-50Today let’s talk about synesthesia(副感觉), that’s a brain condition in which a person’s sense s are combined in a unusual ways. For example, a person with synesthesia may taste sounds. To them, a musical note may taste like a pekoe(香红茶). Many people who have synesthesia experience intense colors when they hear specific words. For example, they might see a flash of pink every time they hear the word “jump”. For a long time, many scientists were unconvinced that synesthesia really exists. So in the 1990s an experiment was done to find our for sure. Two groups were studied. One was a group of people who claim to experience colors when they heard certain words. The other was a controlled group, people who experience nothing out of the ordinary when hearing words. Each group was asked to describe the colors they thought of when they heard a list of spoken words. When the test was repeated, the difference between the two groups was startling. After just a week, the controlled group gave the same answers only a third of the time. But even a year of a half later, the synesthetic group gave the same answers 92% of the time. Clearly, this is not just a matter of memory. Scientists are still not sure just why synesthesia happens. But certain drugs are reportedly able to produce it artificially. So we all probably have brains with connections that could synesthesia. It’s just the connections normally are used in that way.47 What’ the main purpose of the talk?48 What’s the one example of synesthesia that the professor mentions?49 What was the purpose of the experiment the professor mentioned50 What were some of people in the study able to do?。