英语修辞学课件
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Lecture 1修辞学英文课件
e.g. 1) Because Huang Ming, one of my roommates, had his tape recorder stolen, I became a thief. 违反逻辑规则 2) While my father, who came back from the south with a suitcase, was getting through the gate, my 7-year-old brother ran very, very quickly from the sitting room to greet him. 修辞问题
音韵修辞格 phonetic stylistic devices
• alliteration, • assonance, • consonance
结构修辞格 syntactical stylistic devices
• • • • • • • Parallelism Chiasmus Climax Contrast Repetition Anastrophe Rhetoriacal question
课堂分析：学生习作
Is Life All Beautiful ? “life” is an eternal topic in human life. It is extolled as beautiful, powerful and priceless. As a young inexperienced girl, I cannot make presumptuous comments. But it really shocks me not because of its colorfulness, but its ruthlessness. I love life ardently: I like blue sky, white clouds, red flowers and green trees; I am fond of the rising sun and evening glow. I give all my love to everyone around me and share theirs. I have always said to myself: “Living in today’s world is all happiness.” However, this is only one side of the life.Just one year ago, I found
高级英语修辞手法ppt课件
Note: Synecdoche can easily be mistaken for metonymy.
Example of synedoche
If I had some wheels, I'd put on my best threads and ask for Jane's hand in marriage.
The term is often loosely defined as “an implied comparison”, “a simile without ‘like’ or ‘as’”.
E.g. Life is a yo-yo. It's a series of ups and downs. The town was stormed after a long siege.
Version 1:
Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting in too many of them in the final research paper. In fact, probably only 10% of the final copy should consist of directly quoted mateiral. So it is important to limit the amount of source material copied while taking notes.
Paraphrase
What is a “paraphrase”?
“the re-expression of sth written or said in different words, esp. words that are easier to understand” ——Longman’s Dictionary of Contemporary English
Example of synedoche
If I had some wheels, I'd put on my best threads and ask for Jane's hand in marriage.
The term is often loosely defined as “an implied comparison”, “a simile without ‘like’ or ‘as’”.
E.g. Life is a yo-yo. It's a series of ups and downs. The town was stormed after a long siege.
Version 1:
Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting in too many of them in the final research paper. In fact, probably only 10% of the final copy should consist of directly quoted mateiral. So it is important to limit the amount of source material copied while taking notes.
Paraphrase
What is a “paraphrase”?
“the re-expression of sth written or said in different words, esp. words that are easier to understand” ——Longman’s Dictionary of Contemporary English
英语修辞大全(包含例句)ppt课件
often occurs in English proverbs.） ❖ A word and a stone let go cannot be recalled. ❖ Truth and roses have thorns about them.
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2. metaphor
❖ A metaphor, like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated.
1
❖ We are said to be speaking or writing figuratively when we use words in non-literal senses to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, or to create atmosphere. For example, it is more vivid and colorful to say that stars “twinkly like diamonds” in the sky, than to say simply that they “shine brightly in the sky. Similarly, “Imperialism is a paper tiger” is an expression more suggestive of outward ferocity and inner weakness than the literal statement “Imperialism appears to be strong but inwardly it is weak.”
11
2. metaphor
❖ A metaphor, like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated.
1
❖ We are said to be speaking or writing figuratively when we use words in non-literal senses to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, or to create atmosphere. For example, it is more vivid and colorful to say that stars “twinkly like diamonds” in the sky, than to say simply that they “shine brightly in the sky. Similarly, “Imperialism is a paper tiger” is an expression more suggestive of outward ferocity and inner weakness than the literal statement “Imperialism appears to be strong but inwardly it is weak.”
英语修辞手法课件高考英语专题复习
英语修辞手法 English rhetoric
Simile 明喻
• 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种 共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然 属性.
• 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等.
• 例如: • 1）He was like a cock who thought the sun
• 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特 殊代替一般.
例如: • 1）There are about 100 hands working in his
factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有 100 名工人. • 2）He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. • 3）The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体 代部分）
Personification 拟人
• It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生 命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). 拟人（personification）
Allegory 讽喻,比方（原意“寓言”）
• 建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传 达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。
• 英文解释：an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe somesubject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英语专业《大学英语教程》一书
Simile 明喻
• 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种 共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然 属性.
• 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等.
• 例如: • 1）He was like a cock who thought the sun
• 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特 殊代替一般.
例如: • 1）There are about 100 hands working in his
factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有 100 名工人. • 2）He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. • 3）The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体 代部分）
Personification 拟人
• It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生 命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). 拟人（personification）
Allegory 讽喻,比方（原意“寓言”）
• 建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传 达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。
• 英文解释：an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe somesubject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英语专业《大学英语教程》一书
实用英语写作--修辞 ppt课件
❖ Lady hermits who are down but not out(穷困而不潦倒的女隐士 们)
❖ Where there is a will, there is a lawsuit. 有遗嘱必有官司。
实 用 英 语 写 作（JLU）
十一、重复(repetition)
This is the lesson: never give in, never give in, never, never,
二、暗喻【Metaphor】
暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。 它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言 的表现力.
❖ Experience is the mother of wisdom. ❖ The boy is all skin and bone. ❖ Knowledge is not always a water that washes away vice. ❖ Life is a journey. ❖ Poor Joe lives in that match-box of a house. ❖ Waves thundered against the rocks.
lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits. ❖ Chivalry is going about releasing beautiful maidens from other men’s castle,
and taking them to your own castle.
实 用 英 语 写 作（JLU）
八、头韵【Alliteration】
❖ Where there is a will, there is a lawsuit. 有遗嘱必有官司。
实 用 英 语 写 作（JLU）
十一、重复(repetition)
This is the lesson: never give in, never give in, never, never,
二、暗喻【Metaphor】
暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。 它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言 的表现力.
❖ Experience is the mother of wisdom. ❖ The boy is all skin and bone. ❖ Knowledge is not always a water that washes away vice. ❖ Life is a journey. ❖ Poor Joe lives in that match-box of a house. ❖ Waves thundered against the rocks.
lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits. ❖ Chivalry is going about releasing beautiful maidens from other men’s castle,
and taking them to your own castle.
实 用 英 语 写 作（JLU）
八、头韵【Alliteration】
英语修辞学(Rhetoric).ppt
Division of Rhetoric
Communicative Rhetoric 交际修辞 (Negative Rhetoric 消极修辞) -- To add to people’s knowledge; accurate, plain; Aesthetic Rhetoric 美学修辞 (Positive Rhetoric 积极修辞) -- To get people affected, or moved; vivid, brilliant, colorful.
The three uses of similes:
Descriptive描述型明喻; Illuminative启示型明喻 ; Illustrative说明型明喻;
;
Descriptive 描述型
Her lips were red, her locks 头发were yellow as gold. Pop looked so unhappy, almost like a child who’s lost his piece of candy. The big black flies hit us like bombs.
What is Rhetoric?
Why Do We Learn Rhetoric?
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
To understand the author’s intention better. To find out the common ways people know the world and ways people express themselves. To appreciate the beauty, explicit or not, of the language. To learn how to achieve an effective communication.
英语修辞学课件
(Webster’s New World Dictionary)
Metaphor
A figure of speech in which one thing is described in terms of another. The basic figure in poetry. A comparison is usually implicit; whereas in simile it is explicit.
(Shakespeare, As you Like it ) The first clause sets up the basic comparison. The tenor and vehicle invoked by the first line are elaborated in the lines that follow. The metaphor makes possible for the literary writer to explain things vividly in great detail.
Metonymy
w Definition: one thing for another; association
w Metonymy is Greek for a change of name Function: brief, vivid, interesting
w Example: w What is learned in the cradle is carried to
Metaphor
w The boy wolfed down the food the moment he grabbed it.
w Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. ( Of Studies, Bacon)
Metaphor
A figure of speech in which one thing is described in terms of another. The basic figure in poetry. A comparison is usually implicit; whereas in simile it is explicit.
(Shakespeare, As you Like it ) The first clause sets up the basic comparison. The tenor and vehicle invoked by the first line are elaborated in the lines that follow. The metaphor makes possible for the literary writer to explain things vividly in great detail.
Metonymy
w Definition: one thing for another; association
w Metonymy is Greek for a change of name Function: brief, vivid, interesting
w Example: w What is learned in the cradle is carried to
Metaphor
w The boy wolfed down the food the moment he grabbed it.
w Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. ( Of Studies, Bacon)
英语修辞手法PPT课件
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Metaphor
• A simile is different from an ordinary, literal comparison.
– Jim looks like his brother Billy. ×
10
Metaphor
• It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated.
9
Simile
• The world is like a stage. • Jim was as cunning as a fox.
• Words in a dictionary are like objects in a museum; They are interesting but merely on display. When words are used in communication, they come to life and go to work for us.
sense because life does not have any
color.
5
• There are syntactic devices, lexical devices, phonetic devices.
• 句法 • 词汇 • 音韵
6
Rhetorical Devices
• There are quite a number of rhetorical devices. Each device has its own form and characteristics, and its own way of achieving effect. Sometimes two or more devices can be used together for greater impact.
Metaphor
• A simile is different from an ordinary, literal comparison.
– Jim looks like his brother Billy. ×
10
Metaphor
• It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated.
9
Simile
• The world is like a stage. • Jim was as cunning as a fox.
• Words in a dictionary are like objects in a museum; They are interesting but merely on display. When words are used in communication, they come to life and go to work for us.
sense because life does not have any
color.
5
• There are syntactic devices, lexical devices, phonetic devices.
• 句法 • 词汇 • 音韵
6
Rhetorical Devices
• There are quite a number of rhetorical devices. Each device has its own form and characteristics, and its own way of achieving effect. Sometimes two or more devices can be used together for greater impact.
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Type Three: what
What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the soul. 教育之于心灵犹如雕刻之于大理石。 What salt is to food, wit and humor are to conversation and literature
Type Three: what
Two Patterns: A is to B what C is to D. What C is to D, A is to B.
Type Three: what
Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. The pen is to a writer what the gun is to a fighter. 作家的笔犹如战士的枪。
Structure of a Simile
w Tenor + comparative word + vehicle w Subject + comparative word + reference w Example: My love is like a red red rose w Tom is as tall as his brother (not a simile) w Tom is as tall asnary of Literary Terms)
Simile
w 1. Origin: Latin, meaning like w 2. Comparative words: like, as w 3. Functions: describing shape, scenery; expressing emotions; explaining; vivid description, making easy to understand; creating interest.
Type Two: as
w Men fear death, as children fear to go in the dark. w Love goes towards love, as schoolboys from their
books. w But love from love, towards school with heavy
Figures of Speech
Figures Of Speech
In English Stylistics
Simile
A figure of speech in which one thing is liken to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is an explicit comparison recognizable by the use of the word like or as.
Simile
O, my love’s like a red, red rose, That’s newly sprung in June: O, my love’s like the melody That’s sweetly played in tune.
w Truth and roses have thorns about them. w Kings and bears often worry their keepers. w A word and stone let go cannot be recalled.
说出去的话就像抛出去的石子，是收不 回的。
Type Four: than
w A home without love is no more than a body without a soul.
w He had no more idea of money than a cow
Type Five: and
w Love and cough can not be hid. 爱情像咳嗽一样是掩盖不了的。
Type Six: others
Who is to blame but her tyrant of a father. 怪谁呢？只怪她那暴君般的父亲。 A doctor must have the heart of a lion and the hand of a lady. 当一个医生必须有狮子般的胆量和仕女般 的巧手。
Type One: like
w Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
w Marriage is like a beleaguered fortress: those who are without want to get in, and those within want to get out.
books. (Love goes towards love, as schoolboys go from their books. But love goes from love, as schoolboys go towards school with heavy books.)
w As firm as a rock w As mute as a fish w As strong as a horse w As brave as a lion w As obstinate as a cow w As white as snow w As black as ink / pitch w As changeable as the weather w As wet as a drowned rat w As blind as a bat w As fat as a pig w As proud as a peacock w As fresh as a rose
Type Three: what
What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the soul. 教育之于心灵犹如雕刻之于大理石。 What salt is to food, wit and humor are to conversation and literature
Type Three: what
Two Patterns: A is to B what C is to D. What C is to D, A is to B.
Type Three: what
Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. The pen is to a writer what the gun is to a fighter. 作家的笔犹如战士的枪。
Structure of a Simile
w Tenor + comparative word + vehicle w Subject + comparative word + reference w Example: My love is like a red red rose w Tom is as tall as his brother (not a simile) w Tom is as tall asnary of Literary Terms)
Simile
w 1. Origin: Latin, meaning like w 2. Comparative words: like, as w 3. Functions: describing shape, scenery; expressing emotions; explaining; vivid description, making easy to understand; creating interest.
Type Two: as
w Men fear death, as children fear to go in the dark. w Love goes towards love, as schoolboys from their
books. w But love from love, towards school with heavy
Figures of Speech
Figures Of Speech
In English Stylistics
Simile
A figure of speech in which one thing is liken to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is an explicit comparison recognizable by the use of the word like or as.
Simile
O, my love’s like a red, red rose, That’s newly sprung in June: O, my love’s like the melody That’s sweetly played in tune.
w Truth and roses have thorns about them. w Kings and bears often worry their keepers. w A word and stone let go cannot be recalled.
说出去的话就像抛出去的石子，是收不 回的。
Type Four: than
w A home without love is no more than a body without a soul.
w He had no more idea of money than a cow
Type Five: and
w Love and cough can not be hid. 爱情像咳嗽一样是掩盖不了的。
Type Six: others
Who is to blame but her tyrant of a father. 怪谁呢？只怪她那暴君般的父亲。 A doctor must have the heart of a lion and the hand of a lady. 当一个医生必须有狮子般的胆量和仕女般 的巧手。
Type One: like
w Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
w Marriage is like a beleaguered fortress: those who are without want to get in, and those within want to get out.
books. (Love goes towards love, as schoolboys go from their books. But love goes from love, as schoolboys go towards school with heavy books.)
w As firm as a rock w As mute as a fish w As strong as a horse w As brave as a lion w As obstinate as a cow w As white as snow w As black as ink / pitch w As changeable as the weather w As wet as a drowned rat w As blind as a bat w As fat as a pig w As proud as a peacock w As fresh as a rose