采矿工程专业英语词汇手册
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1 Mining methodmining method 采矿方法；mining operation 采矿作业；transportation 运输；ventilation 通风；ground control 顶板管理；the cost of per ton of coal 吨煤成本；recovery 回采率；subside v. subsidence n.地表沉陷；subsidence control 地表沉陷控制cover 覆盖层；overburden 上覆地层；immediate roof 直接顶；floor 底板；dip （Pitch）倾角；hardness 硬度；strength 强度；cleavage 解理；gas，methane 瓦斯daily operation 日常工作single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业auxiliary operation辅助作业cutting n. 切割，掏槽；blasting n. 爆破loading n. 装煤haul v. 运输，搬运drainage n.排水power n. 动力power Supply 动力供应communication n. 通讯lighting n.照明。
disruption in production 停产；reduction in production 减产；compromise 折衷room and pillar 房柱式by far 到目前为止i n common with … 和…一样underground mining 井工开采outcrop 露头，露出地面的岩层；crosscut 联络巷、石门；drift 平硐；entry 平巷；development stage 开拓阶段；production stage 生产阶段；face 工作面。
continuous miner 连续采煤机；haulage capacity 运输能力；main entry 主巷。
采矿工程专业英语词汇册
采矿工程专业英语词汇手册（Glossary of Special English in Mining Engineering ）采矿工程专业内部讲义二零零七年三月ContentChapter 3 .1 Mining method (2)Chapter 3.2 Mine preplanning (3)Chapter3.3 Mine development (4)Chapter 4.1 W all mining introduction (5)Chapter 4.2 Ground control aspects ..... (6)Chapter 4.3 Roof support system (7)Chapter 4.4 Longwall coal-getting machine (8)Chapter 4.5 Convey system (8)Chapter 4.6 Mine V etilation (10)Chapter 5 Pillaring system (11)Chapter 6 Roadway excavation and support (12)Chapter 7 Novel methods of mining…………………………………………………..……..Chapter 3 .1 Mining methodmining method 采矿方法；mining operation 采矿作业；transportation 运输；ventilation 通风；ground control 顶板管理；the cost of per ton of coal 吨煤成本；recovery 回采率；subside v. subsidence n.地表沉陷；subsidence control 地表沉陷控制cover 覆盖层；overburden 上覆地层；immediate roof 直接顶；floor 底板；dip （Pitch）倾角；hardness 硬度；strength 强度；cleavage 解理；gas，methane 瓦斯daily operation 日常工作single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业auxiliary operation辅助作业cutting n. 切割，掏槽；blasting n. 爆破loading n. 装煤haul v. 运输，搬运drainage n.排水power n. 动力power Supply 动力供应communication n. 通讯lighting n.照明。
采矿专业英语
采矿工程专业英语词汇手册(Glossary of Special English in Mining Engineering )采矿工程专业内部讲义二零零七年三月ContentChapter 3 .1 Mining method (2)Chapter 3.2 Mine preplanning (3)Chapter3.3 Mine development (4)Chapter 4.1 Wall mining introduction (5)Chapter 4.2 Ground control aspects ..... (6)Chapter 4.3 Roof support system (7)Chapter 4.4 Longwall coal-getting machine (8)Chapter 4.5 Convey system (8)Chapter 4.6 Mine Vetilation (10)Chapter 5 Pillaring system (11)Chapter 6 Roadway excavation and support (12)Chapter 7 Novel methods of mining…………………………………………………..……..Chapter 3 .1 Mining method mining method 采矿方法; mining operation 采矿作业; transportation 运输; ventilation 通风; ground control 顶板管理; the cost of per ton of coal 吨煤成本; recovery 回采率; subside v. subsidence n.地表沉陷; subsidence control 地表沉陷控制cover 覆盖层; overburden 上覆地层; immediate roof 直接顶; floor 底板; dip (Pitch) 倾角; hardness 硬度; strength 强度; cleavage 解理; gas,methane 瓦斯daily operation 日常工作single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业auxiliary operation 辅助作业cutting n. 切割,掏槽; blasting n. 爆破loading n. 装煤haul v. 运输,搬运drainage n.排水power n. 动力power Supply 动力供应communication n. 通讯lighting n.照明. disruption in production 停产; reduction in production 减产; compromise 折衷room and pillar 房柱式by far 到目前为止in common with …和…一样underground mining 井工开采outcrop 露头,露出地面的岩层; crosscut 联络巷,石门; drift 平硐; entry 平巷; development stage 开拓阶段; production stage 生产阶段; face 工作面. continuous miner 连续采煤机; haulage capacity 运输能力; main entry 主巷. barrier pillar 隔离煤柱; butt entry 区段平巷; property line 矿井边界线. shearer 滚筒采煤机planer,Plow 刨煤机surface mining 露天开采auger mining 螺旋钻开采rapid excavation 快速掘进hydraulic mining 水力采矿underground gasification 地下气化ocean mining 海洋采矿Chapter 3 .2 Mine Preplanning Hercules【希,罗神】赫尔克里斯, 大力神--> Herculean, adj. 力气极大的; 需要大力气的.herculean effort 巨大的努力 1 inadequacy n.不足,缺乏. transportation facility 运输设备inflationary adj. 通货膨胀的,通货膨胀引起的<--inflation n.胀大, 通货膨胀, (物价) 暴涨<--inflate v 膨胀,充气. inflationary process 通货膨胀过程drive up 抬高, 提高drive into 掘进到…be faced with 面临monumental adj. [用以加强语气]非常的, 极端的<--monument n.纪念碑coal reserve 煤炭储量electromechanical adj. 机电的electro(电子的)+mechanical(机械的) electromechanical mine operation 矿井机电作业staff v.雇用,聘用season v 适用,适应coordinate n. 坐标.v. (使)互相配合, (使)协调, 调整. a multitude(n. 多数,多量) of 大量capital investment 基本建设投资. foremost 最主要的,最重要的, 1Billion = 1,000,000,000 即10 亿. Mt metric ton 公吨. 453.5Mt = 500 million tons 0.907Mt = 1 million ton put into operation 投产,投入使用raise 筹集the life of the property 矿产/井的使用年限. commercial value 市场价值,商业价值. for convenience 为了方便其见minability 可采性marketability 适销性,可销性coal reserve 煤矿nominal,名义上的,极小的. option 买卖选择权,优先购买权enter upon 开始preliminary examination 初步调查operating mine 生产矿井to the extent that 达到这种程度以致... ; 就...来说;在...方面来说; 2 adjacent to 邻近的surface topography 地面地形,表面地形coalfield 煤田measure 层组coal-bearing measure 含煤地层feature 特征;地貌. structural feature 构造特征surface improvement 地面上的改造tilled area 耕地reservoir 水库power line 电力线,输电线reservation n.保留地;自然保护区on record n.留有记录的,记录在案的preferred 优先〔选用〕的,首选的traverse 导线. traverse with compass 罗盘定位. system surveying 系统测量sampling 采样have a bearing on 对…有影响,与...有关available 有效的,可用的pricing schedule 定价方案preparation treatment 洗选加工selective adj.有选择性的,选择的a master plan of operation 总体生产计划. serve as 用作,作为,起到…作用. basis 基础,根据,依据since 引导原因状语从句justify 调整,证明,证明…是正确的, prospecting 勘探drilling pattern 钻孔布置,钻孔图式basic map 底图,基本地图log sheet 钻孔柱状图tabular adj. <==table tabular record 表格记录operating management 经营管理部门,经营管理life expectancy 预期使用年限,使用寿命delivery of supplies 材料供应estimate of the cost 成本估计sales department 销售部门Chapter 3.3 Mine development portal 井筒expected life of the mine 矿井的设计使用年限rail haulage 轨道运输as well as 即…又…be of +n. 具有…(性质) drift 平硐shaft 立井,竖井slope 斜井main shaft 主立井auxiliary shaft 副立井air shaft 风井transfer house 中转煤仓headframe 井架hoist house 提升机房,绞车房skip 箕斗cage 罐笼car dump 卸煤设备storage bin 井底煤仓deplete 耗尽,衰竭whether…or…是…还是…pressure drop 压降net effect 净效应,有效效应,实际结果capital cost 基建费用Chapter 4.1 Walling system introduction working face 工作面coalface:采煤工作面interconnection:切眼3 panel entry:区段平巷gate entry:工作面顺槽head gate:区段皮带巷,运输巷tail gate:区段轨道巷,回风巷headentry:工作面运输巷(下顺槽) tailentry:工作面回风巷(上顺槽) bleeder entry:区段回风巷cross-cut:联络巷gob, goaf:采空区end:端头Longwall mining 长壁采矿法Shortwall mining 短壁采矿法pillar system. 柱式系统longwall mining on strike 走向长壁采煤方法mining in advance / wall advancing mining 前进式采煤方法mining in retreat / wall retreating mining 后退式采煤方法inclined longwall mining 倾斜长壁开采underhand mining 俯采overhand mining 仰采Coal mining machine, coal-getting machine 采煤机; Shearer,滚筒采煤机Plow,planer 刨煤机Face conveyor 工作面运输机Pan line,"溜子" Chain conveyor 链式运输机Scraper chain conveyor 刮板输送机Armored chain conveyor 铠装运输机Roof support system:顶板支护系统Friction props:摩擦支柱Friction metal props:摩擦支柱Hydraulic prop:液压支柱Single/Individual hydraulic prop 单体液压支柱Hydraulic powered self-advanced support: 液压自移式支架roof support 顶板支架stage loader:转载机panel belt conveyor 区段皮带运输机electrical control 电力控制装置/设备hydraulic pump 液压泵站blast mining technology 爆破采煤工艺conventionally mechanized mining technology 普通机械化采煤fully mechanized mining technology 综合机械化采煤fully mechanized mining with sublevel caving technology 综采放顶煤方法Chapter 4.2 Ground control 工作面周围地层: Overlying strata 上覆地层: Main roof 老顶,基本顶 4 Immediate roof 直接顶Gob 采空区--Face—rib(煤壁) Floor 底板Underlying strata 下伏地层Ground control 顶板处理方式: (1)Caving;(2)Pack. Stable 切口,机窝dead work 准备工作,非生产性工作. Mobile belt conveyor 可移式胶带运输机No exception 无一例外regular maintenance n.日常修理,定期检修Downtime 停工期(由于损坏, 修理等原因造成的停机时间),停工时间,停机时间Clearance 空隙Immediate area of the face:工作面的直接区域Rib line 煤壁线,腰线heading 掘进头,平巷up to dip 沿倾斜上行Compression strength 压缩强度Underlying strata 下伏地层bed separation 离层On strike 沿走向Rad = radian,弧度Cleat 解理Hold true 有效,适用Half butt cutting 半垂直切割Angle of attack 冲角virgin conditions 原始条件; Harder roof strata Softer coal seam――uniformly distributed stress,the overburden weight Harder floor strata induced by mining 采动引起的Stress distribution 应力分布Deflect 偏斜,偏转,挠曲,下垂Cave in 冒顶,垮落Front abutment pressure 前方支承压力Side abutment pressure 侧向支承压力Rear abutment pressure 后方支承压力前方支承压力: 分布范围: 150m first felt/occur 出现,有反应,有感应; 45-60m pick up slightly 略有增长,略有加速; 15-21m increase rapidly 迅速增长; 1.5-5m 支承压力峰值peak abutment pressure magnitude of the peak abutment pressure 峰值大小:1.5-5 overburdern weight 后方压力:vertical pressure face area:far below the cover load gob area:gradually increase at last:the cover load 范围:0.3-0.4 the overburden thickness. No abutment pressure Side abutment First felt:At the same time as the front abutment pressure 范围:from the rib to 1/3 or 1/4 h largest at the ribside, decrease exponentially with distance from rib position of peak pressure:0.015h Magnitude depend on the thickness and length of the immediate roof hanging in the gob. Gob area 采空区稳定-- slip, sag, separate-- cave in Face area 工作面区Support the immediate roof Solid coal 实体煤5 Chapter 4 .3 Roof support system Face-to-gob distance 控顶距,工作面到采空区的距离. Yield pressure 屈服压力support resistance 支架阻力Face-to-tip distance 端面距Precut 预切割Frames 节式支架Stroke 行程Chock support 垛式支架Double-acting ram 双作用千斤顶Web cut 截深Shields 掩护式支架Double link 双键Lemniscate 双纽线,四联杆Roof canopy 顶梁Chock-Shield 支撑掩护式支架leg,prop 立柱canopy 顶梁forward canopy 前梁rear canopy 尾梁caving shield 掩护梁flipper,spauling shield 护帮板slider, jack board 插板ram ,cylinder,jack 千斤顶hose 油管emulsion 乳化液valve 阀support yielding 支架卸载Chapter 4.4 Longwall coal-getting machine miner,mining machine 采煤机continuous miner 连续采煤机shearer 滚筒采煤机motor 电动机,马达electric motor 电机haulage gearcase 牵引部gearhead 传动部cutter drum gearcase 滚筒截割部bedplate 底盘,底座control unit 控制装置chain 链条reducing gear box 减速箱pillboard 挡煤板cowl 挡煤板bit 截齿drum 滚筒ranging-arm 摇臂gear 齿轮track 轨道gear track 齿轨gearcase n.齿轮箱Rotor 转子Chapter 4.5 Conveying system 6 flexible flight conveyor / face chain conveyor 工作面可弯曲刮板输送机main components 主要部件drive head 机头部electric motor 电动机Hydraulic coupling 液力联轴器speed reducer 减速器chain wheel / sprocket 链轮drive head frame 机头架middle sections 中间部line pan 溜槽flight / scraper 刮板link chain 刮板链endless chain 无极链机尾部tail end 机尾架Drive end frame 链轮sprocket 附属装置auxiliary drives/units 挡煤板spillboard / spill plate (cowl 罩, 外壳) 铲煤板ramp plate 千斤顶jack chain drive 链式传动: classification according to chain arrangement 双边链double strand outboard chain 三链triple strand chain 单中链single middle chain 双中链double middle chain 新型刮板输送机侧卸式side-loading fight conveyor 垂直转弯式roller-curve fight conveyor 转载机Transfer conveyor A short heavy flexible flight conveyor 桥式转载机(bridge ) stage loader 区段皮带输送机Main components 皮带belt 托辊roller 支撑托辊supporting roller 机架frame 7 传动装置drive unit 电动机electric motor 联轴器coupling 减速器speed reducer 滚筒drum ①卸载滚筒unloaded drum ②机尾导向滚筒tail guide drum ③拉紧滚筒take-up drum ④机尾导向滚筒guide drum 拉紧装置take-up units 制动装置Braking devices 采区运输系统: 上山rise 下山dip Dip angle ≤15°belt conveyor 15°<Dip angle≤25°chain conveyor Dip angle>25°ceramic conveyor 水平运输系统水平运输大巷horizontal haulage entry belt conveyor 矿车trolley wagons 机车locomotive 电力机车trolley locomotive 蓄电池机车battery locomotive 矿车wagon 固定箱式矿车Fixed box wagon Tipping bucket wagon Front unloading wagon 底卸式矿车Bottom-dump wagon 立井提升系统矿井提升系统Mine hoist system 提升机Engine hoist 钢丝绳wire rope 天轮head sheave(n.滑轮) 箕斗skip 辅助运输auxiliary transportation Transportation of material, equipment, waste and personnel 材料,设备,矸石, 人员副井Auxiliary shaft Similar to main shaft 罐笼Cage――hoist container 斜井Slope In the slope, material and equipment are usually transported by direct rope hoist and endless rope hoist. While the waste is transported by skip and train according to the dip angle. The personnel are transported by a special man-car in the slope. 水平运输大巷horizontal haulage entry Electric locomotive haul the wagons to transport material, equipment, waste. Electric locomotive haul the special man-cars to transport miners. 采区上下山district rise and dip 1)有极绳提升Direct rope hoist dip angle:8-22 钢丝绳的一端与矿车相连,通过绞车(winch)放出和收回. 2)无极绳提升Endless rope hoist dip angle:≤10 区段运输Tail entry:wagons + wire rope Overhead monorail 单轨吊Overhead endless rope hoist Transfer conveyor 转载运输机Stage loader 桥式转载机Roller curve conveyor 滚轴转弯运输机Chapter 4.6 Ventilation system 风机:Ventilation fan 回风井:Return shaft 进风井:Intake shaft Working face Intake working 回风巷道:Return roadway 新鲜风:Fresh air Air flow 乏风:Dirty air 回风系统: 抽出式通风:Exhaust ventilation 负压negative pressure 压入式通风:Forced ventilation 正压Positive pressure 风机类型: 离心式风机:Centrifugal fan; 轴流式风机:Axial flow fan. 通风设施:Ventilating structures 风墙:V entilation wall 8 风门:Air door 风桥:Air bridge Air regulator 防尘,灭尘:Dust suppression water spray 洒水,mist spray 喷雾固定滚筒双向截割采煤机fixed-drum bi-directional shearer 单滚筒可调高采煤机single-drum ranging-arm shearer 双滚筒可调高采煤机double-dram ranging-arm shearer 矿井瓦斯:mine gas 瓦斯:gas,methane,firedamp All hazardous gases in underground coal mines, its major component is CH4. Colorless, odorless, nonpoisonous, Combustible. Its density is less than that of the air, so it often accumulates near the roof. Gassy mine 高瓦斯矿井Gas/methane control 瓦斯控制Chapter 5 Pillar system Two distinct phases of operation: First rooms and pillars are developed in a section. The second is mining pillars. Two basic mining methods: Conventional mining method.普通采煤方法Cutting 掏槽at the bottom of the coal seam a horizontal slot is 6-9 inch, 5-7feet deep Drilling 钻眼the optimum number and location of boreholes coal fragments after blasting neither too big nor too small for efficient loading. Blasting 爆破explosives are loaded into each borehole and detonated n.起爆Loading 装煤shuttle car section belt conveyor. Two shuttle cars are used. roof bolting 顶板锚杆支护为了充分发挥设备和人员的能力, 至少同时掘进5 个平行的巷道. 由于生产环节多,分散,逐渐被连续采煤方法取代. Continuous mining method.连续采煤方法I continuous miner + shuttle car 连续采煤机+梭车工艺+ section belt conveyor + roof bolting 间断运输工艺II continuous miner + (intermediate) conveyors 连续采煤机+输送机工艺+ section belt conveyor + roof bolting 连续的运输工艺Pillar recovery 回收煤柱There are three methods of extracting 9 pillars, open-end method, pocket and wing method and splitting method. open-end method 开端式pocket and wing method 袋翼式splitting 劈柱式pillar blocks lifts/slices 煤柱――块――切块Coal property 煤矿Area 盘区Set of entries 巷道群Engineer vt.设计Slough 脱落,剥落,碎落;崩落,坍塌, 滑坍Crush 压碎A function of 是…的函数,随…而变. Relative strength 相对强度Clearance 净空Block of coal Room work Cutting consequence 切割顺序Face mining cycle 工作面开采循环Mining practice 开采Colloquial [ kE5lEukwiEl ] adj.口语的, 通俗的Dictate 规定,制定Outline 形成…轮廓Incorporate …as …Ample 充足的,丰富的solid work chain pillar 巷道煤柱lessen 减少,减轻lift 小煤块, slice 切块physical condition n.实际条件post 柱子,支柱stump 煤柱slab 平板fender 煤柱,窄煤柱hand loading 人工装载common practice 惯例concurrently n.同时发生地,并行地in place 就地,原地;在地层内ride over 骑马来,跨在…上masonry n.砖石工程,砖石建筑砌筑. Masonry stopping 砌筑风墙Canvas stopping 帆布风帘Line Brattice 纵向风障Loading station 装车点Chapter 6 Roadway excavation and support 1 Roadway section 巷道断面掘进drive, tunnel, excavate 平巷掘进Drifting 巷道掘进roadway excavation 平巷掘进n. drifting 沉井,凿井n. sinking 上山掘进n. raising 下山掘进n. 1)The shape of roadway section 断面形状巷道断面形状主要取决于地层条件,服务年限和支护材料. The shape of roadway section depends mainly on strata conditions,the serving life and supporting materials. 井筒Shaft , circular 大巷Main entry , arched, horseshoe 上山rise, ladder-shaped, trapezoidal 顺槽Gateway , ladder-shaped, trapezoidal 2)The size of roadway section 断面尺寸巷道断面尺寸主要取决于巷道的用途. The size of roadway section depends mainly on its use. 它取决于运输或提升设备或其它设备的尺寸, 还要根据通风要求对巷道断面尺寸加以修改. It is dependent on haulage or hoisting equipment or other devices used,and it is modified according to the ventilation requirement. 净宽,net width;净高net height;净断面面积net section area. 2 Roadway excavation in rocks 岩巷掘进炮掘,爆破掘进:blasting excavation 装岩,除渣:mucking 掘进工艺包括主要作业和辅助作业,其中主要作业包括破岩,装岩,运输,支护,辅助10 作业包括通风,铺设轨道,挖掘排水沟,铺设管线等等. The excavation technique consists of main operations including breaking, loading, haulage and support, and auxiliary work including ventilation, laying the track, digging ditches and laying pipes etc. 1)Breaking 破岩打眼放炮是目前应用最广泛的破岩方法. Drilling and blasting is the most widely used method of rock breaking at present. (1)drilling Drill n. 钻机气动轻型钻机,风钻Air-jackleg 气腿式钻机Air-jack leg drill 架式钻机Drifter 钻车,凿岩台车Jumbo, drill carriage 湿式钻进Wet drilling 干式钻进Dry drilling 钻孔borehole (2)Blasting 爆破炸药:Explosive 装药:Load explosive in the borehole, charge 起爆:detonate 雷管:detonator;电雷管:electric detonator 炮眼布置方式:drilling pattern 掏槽眼:cut hole 辅助眼:auxiliary hole 周边眼:trim hole 顶眼:roof hole 帮眼:flank hole 底眼:Bottom hole 起爆顺序:firing sequence Cut auxiliary roof & flank bottom The type of explosive used, rock properties, and method of loading and sequence of firing the holes, affect hole depth, diameter, alignment and spacing. 采用的炸药的类型,岩石的特性,装岩方法,各个钻孔的起爆顺序,这些都影响着钻孔深度,直径,排列和间距的确定. A blast round consists of cut, relief, breast, and trim holes. 一个爆破炮眼组包括掏槽眼,辅助眼,压眼和边界眼. 2)Excavation face ventilation 掘进面通风Fan 风机Air pipe 风筒3)loading and haulage 装岩和运输铲斗装岩机Shovel mucker 11 耙斗装岩机Scraper mucker 机车+矿车Locomotive + wagons 4)support 支护 3 Roadway excavation in coals 煤巷掘进1)conventional excavation of coal drift 传统的煤层平巷掘进法Breaking is by means of drilling and blasting. 手持式电钻:handheld electric drill loading: hand loading 人工装煤scraper mucker:耙斗装煤机coal loader:装煤机扒抓,蟹抓 2 gathering-arms 刮板输送机:1 scraper conveyor 2)综掘fully mechanized excavation (1)gateway machine 平巷掘进机组成: 掘进头, (boom) cutterhead,cutting head 装煤装置:loading mechanism 扒抓,蟹抓gathering-arm 刮板输送机:scraper conveyor haulage: 皮带输送机:belt stage-loader mechanism 履带行走装置:crawler travel mechanism 支撑千斤顶:supporting cylinders,用来固定机器other cylinders,control cutterhead 液控箱hydraulic control box 操作: 操作时,首先驱动履带行走装置,使得切削头碰到煤壁; 然后,伸长导向千斤顶和后部千斤顶,支撑到巷道上; 这样就固定住了掘进机. 然后,切割头在掘进面底部的一侧钻入煤壁. 操作水平摆动千斤顶, 使切割头割到底部的另外一侧, 这就在掘进面底部完成了一刀作业. 操作升降千斤顶,使切割头向上割一定距离(切割头的直径) ,然后用相同的方法再割第二刀. 执行这个循环作业,直到割完整个断面. 平巷掘进机可以掘出任何形状和尺寸的断面,如圆形,马蹄形,拱形和长方形. Gateway machine can excavate any size and shape of cross section: circular, horseshoe, arched and rectangular. 12 (2)continuous miner 连续采煤机roof bolter 锚杆安装机,锚杆机. The roof bolter is a rubber-tired vehicle used to drill and insert bolts into the roof to support it. 锚杆机是一个用来打锚杆眼安装锚杆来支护顶板的机器,它是用胶轮行走的. 4 Roadway supporting 巷道支护永久性支护:permanent support 临时性支柱:temporary support 刚性支护:rigid support 柔性支护:yieldable support 主动支护:active support 被动支护:negetive support 类型: (1)木支架:timber support 梯形巷道:basic form:1 beam + 2 posts 基本形式:一梁二柱(2)钢支架:steel rib support 梯形巷道:1 beam + 2 posts, 工字钢:I-steel 拱形巷道:U-steel arch yieldable support U 形刚拱形可缩型支架(3)块石或混凝土砌碹:stone or concrete lining 直墙拱形:straight-sided arch (4)锚杆支护bolting support Enhance the self-supporting capability of surrounding rock. 提高了围岩的自承能力. 喷射混凝土:shotcreting 锚喷:bolting and shotcreting 锚网:bolting and metal mesh 锚索:anchored cable 锚注:bolting and injecting The length of time the rock safely can be left unsupported will greatly effect the overall drifting-operation cycle. 岩石开挖后无支护而且安全的时间长度, 即拱桥作用的时间, 对于整个平巷掘进工艺循环有着很大的影响. In some cases, no support is needed. In others, close support, or support ahead of the last set, is required. 在一些情况下,不需要进行巷道支护. 其它的情况,需要及时支护,或者超前最后一个支架进行支护. 13 超前支护:Advancing support 导管:Pipe spillingChapter 7 Novel mining methods Novel mining methods 新型采矿方法掘进drive, tunnel, excavate 巷道掘进roadway excavation 平巷掘进n. drifting 沉井,凿井n. sinking 上山掘进n. raising Term vt 称为;把…叫做Warrant n.许可证,保证,理由,执照; vt. 向...保证,批准, 使有正当理由Curiosity n.奇特性,好奇心,珍品Auger mining 螺旋钻开采法Leaching 溶浸法;leach vt. 过滤borehole mining 钻井采矿法oblivion n.遗忘, 湮没on the verge of 接近于, 濒临于technology transfer 技术推广,技术转让R&D 研发,研究和开发Stoping,回采,采矿法Sublevel,分段Commodity n.矿种,矿产Viability [ 7vaiE5biliti ] n.生存能力, 发育能力Tie to 依靠,依赖synthetic fuel 人造燃料,合成燃料cartel 企业联合,卡特尔intriguing adj.迷人的, 有迷惑力的unconsolidated 未固结的, 非胶结的, 疏松的extraterrestrial adj. 地球外的untried 未试过的Nonetheless adv.虽然如此, 但是Deterrent [ di`tE:rEnt ] n.阻碍,威胁力量Roadheader 巷道掘进机Mole 隧道全断面掘进机TBM 隧道掘进机SBM 井筒掘进机Coin v.创造,杜撰(新词) Overbreak,overexcavate 超挖欠挖alignment n.定线,准线,校正,定位pilot hole 导向钻孔,导洞in terms of 根据,在…方面14。
采矿工程英语专业词汇
采矿工程专业英语词汇手册Content目录Introduction (2)绪论 (2)Chapter 1 Basic concepts of Coal Mining (2)第一章煤矿开采的基本概念 (2)Chapter 2 Coal Mining methods (5)第二章采煤方法的概念和种类 (5)Section I Mine Field Development and Mining Design第一篇井田开拓及矿井开采设计Chapter 3 Basic Concepts of Mine Development (8)第三章井田开拓的基本概念 (8)Chapter 4 Mine Development W ays (10)第四章井田开拓方式 (10)Chapter 5 Development Roadways Layout ..... (12)第五章井田开拓巷道布置 (12)Chapter 6 Level station ….………………………………………………………..…第六章井底车场…………………………………………………….…Chapter 7 Mine Development Deepen and T echnical Reform…………………………………第七章矿井开拓延深和技术改造………………………………………….…Introduction (绪论)mine n. 矿山，矿井。
v. 采矿colliery n. 矿井coal mining 采煤underground mining 地下开采surface mining 露天开采reserve n. 储量coal-bearing adj. 含煤的high production and high efficiency 高产高效development n. 开拓preparation n. 准备mining method 采煤方法subside v. 下沉，沉陷subsidence n. 沉降，沉陷mining subsidence n. 开采沉陷mechanize v. 使…机械化mechanization n. 机械化Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Mine (矿井基本概念)coalfield n. 煤田mining area n. 矿区mine field n. 井田divide v. 划分division n. 划分mine production capacity （MPC）矿井生产能力mine service life 矿井服务年限production scale of mine 井型small mine 小型矿井middle mine 中型矿井large mine 大型矿井huge mine 特大型矿井strike n. 走向dip n. 倾向dip angle 倾角workable adj. 可采的workable reserve n. 可采储量opening n. 通道，开口mine opening n. 矿山井巷passageway n. 通道shaft n. 立井roadway n. 巷道chamber n. 硐室main shaft 主立井auxiliary shaft 副立井air shaft 风井blind shaft 暗立井drawn shaft 溜井chute n. 溜煤眼adit n. 平硐drift n. 平硐crosscut n. 联络巷；石门coal crosscut煤门entry n. 平巷haulage n. 运输main haulage roadway 主要运输平巷main return-air roadway 主要回风平巷head entry 区段运输平巷tail entry 区段回风平巷slope n. 斜井rise n. 上山dip n. 下山rock rise 岩石上山coal rise 煤层上山coal haulage rise 运煤上山material transporting rise 运料上山return-air rise 回风上山men-walking rise 行人上山inclined roadway of a strip 分带斜巷inclined coal haulage roadway of a strip 分带运煤斜巷inclined material haulage roadway of a strip 分带运料斜巷development roadway 开拓巷道preparation roadway 准备巷道gateway 回采巷道pit bottom 井底车场shaft bottom 井底车场station n. 车场，车站mining district station 采区车场horizon n. 阶段level n. 水平haulage level 运输水平return-air level 回风水平mining level 开采水平interval between levels 阶段垂高mining district 采区panel n. 盘区sublevel n. 分段strip district n. 带区inclined length 斜长strike length 走向长度district sublevel区段Open-off cut n. 切眼coalface n. 采煤面working face工作面production n. 生产；产量production system 生产系统coal haulage system 运煤系统ventilation n. 通风ventilation system通风系统fresh air 新鲜风dirty air 乏风，污风refuse n. 矸石material and refuse transportation system 运料排矸系统drain v. 排水drainage system 排水系统power supply system (electric power, compressed air) 动力供应（电、压风）communication and monitoring system 通讯、监测系统drive v. 掘进excavate v. 开挖，开掘hoist v. 提升winch n. 绞车Chapter 2 Coal Mining methods (采煤方法)stope 采场mining works/units 回采工作basic operation 基本工序break v. 破碎load v. 装载haul v. 运输auxiliary operations 辅助工序roof support 顶板支护gob treatment 采空区处理auxiliary transportation 辅助运输ventilation 通风drainage 排水power supply 供电,emulsion supply 供液（乳化液）等。
采矿专业外语常用词汇
1、美国长壁开采Aggressive 积极的gateroad回采巷道abutment pressure支承压力Sophisticated精致natural roof caving自然冒顶longwall mining 长壁开采Panel layout 盘区布置underground coal mining 地下开采Single longwall mining 单一走向长壁开采infrastructure 基础设施radical根本的In term of用...（术语）来routinely日常的norm准则、规范、标准rigid严格的Depreciate 贬值，跌价state-of-the-art最先进的continue miner 连续采煤机Frame supports 节式支架multi-slicing 多分层incentive刺激，鼓励Fully-mechanized综合机械化plow刨煤机shearer采煤机room-pillar 房柱开采2、Design consideration盘区设计Dedicate奉献complimentary赞美（依赖、依存）dictate支配（决定）amortize分期偿还contiguous邻近的isolate孤立的fiscal财政的handle操纵、处理（开采）overhaul彻底检修、详细检查attitude态度、看法、概念anomaly异常、反常prevail优于、盛行bleeder放血者、泄水孔边界回风巷suppression抑制、阻止。
生长susceptible易受影响的impede阻碍，妨碍，阻止Everything being equal 其它条件完全相同（1）Armored face conveyor（AFC）:刮板输送机（2）stage loader：转载机（3）belt conveyor：胶带输送机（4）ground control：岩层控制（5）determination：决心（6）gob：采空区（7）shield（s）:支架（8）fracture：裂隙（9）perpendicular（to）:垂直3、strata mechanics岩石力学Slice切片，分层void（gob）空洞convergence集中，收敛platy阔、宽、扁平Crack裂缝adjacent邻接intact未收接触、原封不动roof control 顶板控制Abutment pressure支承压力portion部分、一份surface subsidence地表沉陷Immediate roof直接顶caved zone冒落带overburden上覆岩层gateroad回采巷道Expansion ratio膨胀比bulking factor膨胀系数continuous deformation zone 弯曲下沉带Soil zone土壤带（表土层）coal seam煤层main roof老顶face area 采场（stope）回采（工作面）headgate 运输平巷tailgate回风平巷4、panel development盘区巷道掘进/发展Impromptu临时的quote引用，印证revenue税收tolerate忍受，容忍strategy战略Amend修正，改正stipulate规定，约定neutral中立的，空当位置accordingly因此Scope范围incompliance不顺从，不服从prevail优于（+ing）占优的downside下侧5、shield support-general 掩护支架概述Prerequisite（for）先决条件，必要条件tandem串联（的），前后排（的）,纵列（的）Rear后面（的）destinctive独特的，区别的cease（to）停止，中止Underuse为充分利用的（受拉）lemniscate双纽线assembly装置，装配，使用Kinematical运动学的spherical球形的caving shield掩护梁debris碎片，岩屑Top coal caving mining放顶煤开采frame 节式chock支撑式chock shield支撑掩护式Shield掩护式6、支架设计/选择shield supports-design/selectionDevote致力于，努力，贡献restriction限制，约束asymmetric不对称的，不均匀的Shield盾牌，掩护体，掩护支架ergonomically从人体工学角度prior（to）先前，优先Compatible适应torsional扭转的，扭曲的overrate估计过高，定额高Positive 积极地，确定的，绝对的roof load顶板载荷paramount最高的，首要的Structural结构的stationary固定的，禁止的impact影响in this respect 在这方面For one thing举一例子in addition to除。
采矿工程专业单词表
绪论☐☐mine n. 矿山，矿井。
v. 采矿☐mining n.采矿，采矿业，采掘行业☐mineral n. 矿物☐mine development 矿井开拓☐mine planning 矿井设计☐mine operation 矿井作业☐mine closure 矿井关闭☐mine reclamation 矿区恢复治理☐ore n. 矿石☐gangue n. [ɡæŋ] 夹石，夹矸 n. 脉石☐waste n. 废石☐mineral deposit 矿床☐metallic ore 金属矿石☐nonmetallic mineral 非金属矿物☐coal 煤☐petroleum 石油☐natural gas 天然气☐ground control 岩层控制☐ventilation 通风☐haulage 运输☐hoisting 提升☐rock breakage 破岩☐surrounding rock mass 围岩，周围岩层☐Dynamite 炸药☐Dark Ages 黑暗时代(欧洲史上约公元476-1000年)，欧洲中世纪☐prospecting 勘探，探矿☐exploration 勘探，探测☐development 开拓☐exploitation 开采☐reclamation [﹑reklə′meɪʃən] 恢复治理，复垦☐colliery [′kɔljəri] n. 矿井，煤矿☐surface mining 露天开采☐shaft 井筒，立井☐slope 斜井☐adit 平硐☐open pit mining 基坑式露天开采井，煤矿☐open cast mining (strip mining) 倒堆式露天开采☐stripe 条带☐stripe mining 条带开采☐aqueous mining method [′eikwiəs] 水采方法☐underground mining 地下开采☐unsupported mining 空场法/无支护法☐supported mining 有支护法☐caving mining 垮落法/崩落法☐unit operations 单元作业；工序☐production operation 生产工序，主要工序☐materials handling 物料搬运☐drill 钻眼☐blast 爆破☐load 装载☐unload，dump，卸载☐haul 运输☐auxiliary operation 辅助工序☐roof support 顶板支护☐ventilation and air-conditioning 通风和空气调节☐power supply 供电☐pumping；drainage 排水☐maintenance 设备维护☐communication 通讯☐lighting 照明☐delivery of compressed air, water 供水和压缩空气☐supplies to the working sections 其它材料供应☐provide slope stability 保持边坡稳定☐waste disposal 废物处理☐supply of material 材料供应1.1 Earth crust and strata☐heavenly body 天体☐atmosphere 大气层☐hydrosphere 水圈☐lithosphere岩石圈☐earth core地核☐earth mantle地幔☐crust地壳☐geologic function; geologic process地质作用☐geologic process from the external force外力地质作用☐geologic process from the internal force内力地质作用☐metamorphic process变质作用☐weathering风化作用☐mechanical weathering物理风化☐chemical weathering化学风化☐disintegration剥蚀，剥蚀作用☐decay 侵蚀、腐蚀☐侵蚀 erosion☐搬运作用 transportation☐沉积作用 deposition, sedimentation ☐成岩作用lithogenesis☐岩石 rock☐土 soil☐矿物 mineral☐火成岩igneous rock☐沉积岩sedimentary rock☐变质岩metamorphic rock☐喷出岩 extruded rock☐侵入岩intrusive rock☐花岗岩 granite☐玄武岩basalt☐斑岩porphyry☐石英 quartz☐长石feldspar☐云母 mica☐砂岩 sandstone☐粉砂岩 siltstone☐细砂岩 packsand☐粗砂岩 gritrock☐砂质泥岩 sandy mudstone☐页岩 shale☐石灰岩limestone☐泥 mudstone☐地层、岩层 stratum (pl) Strata☐大理marble☐板岩 slate☐石英岩quartzite☐gneiss1.2 Origin of Coal☐fossil n. 化石。
采矿专业英语词汇
采矿专业英语词汇1汉英常用采矿工程词汇（分类按汉语拼音顺序排列）煤柱尺寸pillardimension灰色关联分析grayrelationshipanalysis地质构造geologicaltectonic水文地质hydrogeology极不规则煤层extremelyanomalisticcoalseam 预紧力、预应力pre-tighteningforce,pre-stress 含水的hydrous水力采煤hydrauliccuttingcoal主（副）井main(auxiliary)shaft敏感性sensitivity国内外athomeandabroad瓦斯抽放gasdrainage机电一体化mechanical-electricalintegration稳定性stability微地震micro-seism动载dynamicloading流变特征rheologicalcharacteristic蠕变creep人工神经网络artificialneuralnetwork定位orientation保水开采miningwithoutdetroyingwaterresource 高压注水waterinjectionwithhighpressure中硬煤层mediumhardcoalseam层次分析法hierarchyanallysisproceeding煤与瓦斯突出coalandgasbursting模糊综合评判fuzzycomprehensiveevaluation综（放）采工作面full-mechanized(caving)miningface 炮采工作面blastingminingface机采工作面mechanizedminingface（急）倾斜煤层(steeply)inclinedcoalseam走向strike倾向directiondip,dip,inclination矿山压力undergroundpressure支承压力abutmentpressure上覆岩层overlyingrockstrata薄、中厚、厚煤层thin,mediumthick,thickcoalseam （松散）含水层(loose)aquifer裂缝带crackzone垮落带cavingzone顶、底板roof,floor顶煤topcoal（掩护式）液压支架(shield)poweredsupport 割煤机coalcutter刮板机scrapper胶带输送机beltconveyor片帮coalslide冒顶rooffall岩爆（矿震、冲积矿压）rockburst自燃spontaneouscombustion防水（砂）煤柱water(sand)-proofcoalpillar 陷落柱collapsecolumn煤（岩）巷coal(rock)roadway沿空巷道roadwayalonggob围岩surroundingrock突水waterbursting"三软"softroof,softcoal,softfloor地应力groundstress（开采）地表沉陷(mining)surfacesubsidence高产高效highproductionandhighefficiency回风巷ventilationroadway运输巷transportationroadway火成岩（岩浆岩）igneousrock厚冲积层thickalluvium条带开采stripmining移动、变形movement,distortion极限平衡区limitequilibriumarea可靠性，可行性，合理性，适应性reliability,feasibility, rationality,adaptability采出率、回收率miningrate,recoveryrate埋管注氮nitrogeninjectionwithburiedpipe复合顶板combinedroof断层fault喷浆grouting动压dynamicpressure地质灾害geologicaldisasterEH-4电导率成像系统EH-4electro-conducibilityimagingsystem透气性（渗透性）permeability倾向性liability井下underground设备配套equipmentmatch选型设计lectotypedesign撤架dismantlingsupports加固reinforcing安全阀safetyvalve积水seeper柔性支架flexiblesupport伪斜apparentdip绞车房hoistroom(winderchamber)暗立（斜）井blind(slope)shaft底臌floorheave破碎顶板crackedroof解放层protectivecoalseam电阻应变仪resistancestraininstument 坑口电厂pitheadpowerplant1．煤炭科学技术总论采矿系统工程miningsystemengineering 采矿系统优化模型modelofminingsystem optimization采矿岩石学miningrockmechanics采煤coalmining,coalextraction, coalgetting采煤学coalmining地下开采undergroundmining矸石refuse,waste,dirt,debris固体可燃矿产solidcombustiblemineral褐煤lignite,browncoal化石燃料fossilfuel洁净煤技术cleancoaltechnology矿[underground]mine矿床模型modelofmineraldeposits矿井[underground]mine矿井通风[学]mineventilation,underground ventilation矿区miningarea矿山mine矿山测量[学]minesurveying矿山电气工程mineelectricengineering,mine electro-technics矿山机械工程minemechanicalengineering2矿山建设mineconstruction矿山提升[学]minehoisting,winding矿山运输[学]minetransportation,mine haulage矿田minefiled露天开采,''露天开采学surfacemining露天矿surfacemine煤coal煤当量coalequivalent煤的综合利用comprehensiveutilizationofcoal, coalutilization煤化学coalchemistry煤矿coalmine,colliery煤矿安全minesafety煤矿机械coalminemachinery煤转化coalconversion煤炭地下技术undergroundcoalgasification 煤炭环境保护coalenvironmentalcontrol, environmentalprotectionincoalmining煤炭技术coaltechnology煤炭加工coalprocessing煤炭科学coalscience煤田coalfield煤田地质勘探coalexploration,coal prospecting煤田地质学coalgeology煤岩学coalpetrology石煤stone-likecoal无烟煤anthracite选煤coalpreparation,coalcleaning 烟煤bituminouscoal硬煤hardcoal2．地质测量A级储量gradeAreservesB级储量gradeBreservesC级储量gradeCreservesD级储量gradeDreserves边界角limitangle采场验收测量pitacceptancesurvey 采出率ratiorecovery采动系数factoroffullextraction采掘工程平面图minemap采煤工作面测量coalfacesurvey采区测量miningdistrictsurvey采区联系测量transfersurveyinminingdistrict超前影响角advanceangleofinfluence沉井凿井法施工测量constructionsurveyfordropshaft sinking充分采动fullsubsidence,critical/supercriticalextraction充分采动角ZHANGCHIZZubsidence储量管理reservesmanagement导入高程测量elevationtransfersurvey导水断裂带waterconductedzone点下对中centeringunderroofstation地表移动surfacemovement,ground movement地表移动观测站observationstationofground movement地表移动盆地subsidencetrough,subsidence basin顶板测点roofstation定向连接测量connectionsurveyforshaft orientation定向连接点connectionpointforshaft orientation动用储量mining-employedreserves冻结凿井法施工测量constructionsurveyforshaft sinkingbyfreezingmethod断层几何制图faultgeometrisation断裂带fracturedzone防水煤岩柱safetypillarunderwater-bodies 非充分采动subcriticalextraction刚性结构措施structurerigidity-strengthening measures工业场地平面图mineyardplan贯通测量holing-throughsurvey光电测距导线EDMtraverse拐点偏移距deviationofinflectionpoint滑动层slidinglayer缓冲沟buffertrench灰分等值线图isogramofashcontent回采煤量workablereserves激光指向laserguide几何定向orientationbyshaftplumbing近井点nearshaftcontrolpoint井底车场平面图shaftbottomplan井上下对照图locationmap,siteplan井田区域地形图topographicmapof[underground] minefield井筒煤柱开采shaftpillarextraction井筒延深测量shaftdeepeningsurvey井下测量undergroundsurvey井下平面控制测量undergroundhorizontalcontrol survey开采沉陷miningsubsidence开拓煤量developedreserves抗变形建筑物deformationresistantstructure垮落带cavingzone矿区控制测量controlsurveyofminingarea矿山工程测量minesurvey矿体几何学geometryoforedeposits矿体几何制图geometrisationoforedeposits 矿田区域地形图topographicmapofminefield 立井定向shaftorientation立井施工测量constructionsurveyforshaft sinking立井十字中线标定settingoutcrosslineofshaft center立井中心标定settingoutshaftcenter联系测量transfersurvey连接三角形法connectiontrianglemethod裂缝角angleofbreak临界变形值criticaldeformationvalues露天矿测量open-pitsurvey煤层等厚线图isothicknessmapofcoalseam煤层等深线图isobathmapofcoalseam煤层褶皱几何制图foldgeometrisationofcoalseam 瞄直法alignmentmethod逆转点法reversalpointmethod柔性结构措施structureyieldingmeasures三量ThreeClassofReserves设计损失allowableloss实际损失储量actuallossofreserves水平移动系数displacementfactor损失率losspercentage3投点shaftplumbing陀螺方位角gyroscopicazimuth陀螺经纬仪定向gyroscopicorientationsurvey弯曲带saggingzone围护带safetyberm下沉系数subsidencefactor巷道坡度线标定sittingoutroadwaygradient巷道碎部测量detailsurveyformineworkings巷道验收测量footagemeasurementofroadway 巷道中线标定settingoutcenterlineofroadway岩层移动stratamovement移动角angleofcriticaldeformation移动盆地主断面majorcross-sectionofsubsidence trough影响传播角propagationangle中天法transitmethod主要影响半径majorinfluenceradius主要影响角正切tangentofmajorinfluenceangle注浆凿井法施工测量constructionsurveyforgrouting sinking准备煤量preparedreserves钻井凿井法施工测量constructionsurveyforshaft boring最大下沉角angleofmaximumsubsidence最大下沉速度角angleofmaximumsubsidence velocity3．地下开采安全平盘safetyberm安全水头safetywaterhead暗井blindshaft,stapleshaft薄煤层thinseam爆破采煤工艺blast-winningtechnology爆破装煤blastingloading变形压力rockdeformationpressure闭路供水closed-circuitwatersupply闭式落煤顺序close-typewinningsequence 不规则垮落带irregularlycavingzone部分开采partialextraction侧支撑压力sideabutmentpressure采场延伸pitdeepening采动裂隙mining-inducedfissure采动应力mining-inducedstress采垛winning-block采垛角angleofwinning-block采段extractingzone采段流煤上山extractingblockcoal-waterrise 采高miningheight采掘带cut采掘区block采宽cutwidth采矿站orestation采空区goaf,gob,waste采装loading采煤方法coalwiningmethod,coal miningmethod采煤工作面coalface,workingface采区district,panel采区车场districtstation,districtinset 采区准备preparationindistrict采区设计mining-districtdesign,panel design采区上山districtrise采区石门districtcross-cut采区下山districtdip仓储采煤法shrinkagestoping长壁放顶采煤法longwallminingwithsublevel caving长壁工作面longwallface超前巷道advanceheading充采比stowingratio充填倍线stowinggradient充填步距stowinginterval充填沉缩率settingratio充填法stowingmethod充填能力stowingcapacity冲击地压rockburst,pressurebump承压含水层上采煤coalminingaboveaquifer 初撑力强度settingloaddensity,SLD初次放顶initialcaving初次来压firstweighting出气孔productionwell出气强度productionwellcapacity出入沟mainaccess储量备用系数reservefactorofminereserve 垂直切片terracecutslice大巷mainroadway带压开采miningundersafewaterpressure ofaquifer单侧沟hillsideditch单煤层大巷mainroadwayforsingleseam 单体液压支柱hydraulicprop倒台阶采煤法overhandmining底板floor底板载荷集度floorloadintensity底帮footslope底部境界线floorboundaryline底鼓floorheave地表境界线surfaceboundaryline地下煤气发生场undergroundgasifier地下气化工作面undergroundgasificationface 地下气化效率efficiencyofunderground gasification叠加应力superimposedstress顶板roof顶板单位破碎度specificroofflakingratio顶板回弹roofrebound顶板垮落roofcaving顶板垮落角roofcavingangle顶板冒落rooffall顶板破碎度roofflakingratio顶板弱化roofweakening顶板台阶下沉roofstep顶板稳定性roofstability顶板压力roofpressure顶帮topslope顶底板移近量roof-to-floorconvergence顶底板移近率roof-to-floorconvergenceratio 动压巷道workingssubjecttodynamic pressure动载系数dynamicloadcoefficient端帮endslope端面距tip-to-facedistance端面冒顶roofflaking短壁采煤法shortwallmining断壁工作面shortwallface墩柱heavy-dutypier,breakerprops4房顶柱breakerprops房式采煤法roommining,chambermining 房柱式采煤法roomandpillarmining封闭圈closedlevel放采比drawingratio放顶cavingtheroof放顶距cavinginterval放煤步距drawinginternal放煤顺序drawingsequence非工作帮non-workingslope非工作帮坡面nonworkingslopeface风力充填pneumaticstowing分层开采slicing分层巷道slicedrift,slicedgateway分带strip分带集中斜巷stripmaininclinedrift分带斜巷stropinclineddrift分段sublevel分段平巷sublevelentry,longitudinal subdrift分级提运separatetransportandhoisting 分流站distributionstation分期开采miningbystages分区开采miningbyareas分区域开拓areasdevelopment辅助水平subsidiarylevel矸石带wastepack,strippack, intervalofmovingmonitor, unitadvanceofmonitor高压大射流highpressurelargediameterjet 干馏----干燥带distillationanddryingzone 工作帮workingslope工作帮坡面workingslopeface工作阻力yieldload,workingresistance工作面workingface工作面顶板控制roofcontrol工作面端头faceend工作面回风巷tailentry,tailgate,return airway工作面运输巷headentry,headgate, haulagegateway工作平盘workingberm工作线front构造裂隙tectonicfissure构造应力tectonicstress规则垮落带regularlycavingzone固定路线permanenthaulageline管道水力运输pipelinehydrotransport横向前移crossremoval恒阻支柱yieldingprop厚煤层thickseam后退式开采retreatingmining后支撑压力rearabutmentpressure滑移顶梁支架slippingbarcompositesupport 还原带reductionzone缓沟easyaccess缓慢下沉法gradualsaggingmethod缓斜煤层gentlyinclinedseam回采巷道gateway,entry,gate回柱propdrawing基本顶mainroof机械充填mechanicalstowing集中大巷gatheringmainroadway急斜煤层steeplypitchingseam,steepseam坚硬岩层strongstrata,hardstrata间断开采工艺discontinuousminingtechnology 架后充填backfill建筑物下开采coalminingunderbuildings阶段horizon阶段垂高horizoninterval阶段流煤上山extractingblockcoal-water roadway阶段流煤巷maincoal-waterrise阶段斜长inclinedlengthofhorizon近距离煤层contiguousseams近水平煤层flatseam井田尺寸[underground]minefieldsize井田境界[[underground]minefield boundary井田开拓[underground]minefield development静压巷道workingssubjecttostaticpressure 掘进率drivageratio局部冒顶partialrooffall开采水平mininglevel,gallerylevel开采水平垂高lift,levelinterval开路供水open-circuitwatersupply开切眼open-offcut开式落煤顺序open-typewinningsequence开拓巷道developmentroadway抗压入强度press-instrength垮采比caving-heightratio垮落法cavingmethod跨采over-the-roadwayextraction矿井初步设计preliminary[underground]mine design矿井服务年限[underground]minelife矿井井型productionscaleof[underground] mine矿井开拓设计[underground]minedevelopmentdesign矿井可采储量workable[underground]mine reserves矿井可行性研究[underground]minefeasibility study矿井设计[underground]minedesign矿井设计储量designed[underground]mine reserves矿井设计能力designed[underground]mine capacity矿井施工设计[underground]mineconstruction design矿井延深shaftdeepening矿区地面总体设计generalsurfacelayoutofmining area矿区规模miningareacapacity矿区开发可行性研究feasibilitystudyformingarea exploitation矿区总体设计generaldesignofminingarea矿山压力rockpressureinmine矿山压力显现stratabehaviors控顶距facewidth离层bedseparation离层带注浆充填groutinginseparated-bed立井开拓verticalshaftdevelopment联络巷crossheading5连续开采工艺continuousminingtechnology溜井drawshaft溜煤石煤coal-watercross-cut溜眼chute临界滑面criticalslidingsurface漏顶faceroofcollapsewithcavity锚梁网支护roofboltingwithbarandwire mesh煤壁wall煤层产出能力coal-seamproductivecapacity 煤房room,chamber煤浆coalslurry煤门in-seamcross-cut煤面清扫cleaning煤水泵slurrypump煤水比coal-waterratio煤水仓coal-slurrysump煤水洞室coalslurrypreparationroom煤炭地下气化站undergroundcoalgasification station煤岩固化coal/rockreinforcement煤柱coalpillar煤柱支撑法pillarsupportingmethod明槽水力运输flumehydrotransport摩檫支柱frictionalprop逆向冲采contraryefflux片帮ribspalling,sloughing平盘berm平硐开拓driftdevelopment平行推进paralleladvance破煤coalbreaking,coalcutting破碎顶板fracturedroof,friableroof普氏系数Protodyakonovcoefficient普通机械化采煤工conventionally-mechanizedcoal winningtechnology气化贯通linkage气囊支架air-bagsupport前进式开采advancingmining前支撑压力frontabutmentpressure强制放顶forcedcaving倾倒toppling倾斜长壁采煤法longwallminingtothediporto therise倾斜短壁水力采煤法shortwallhydraulicmininginthe dip倾斜分层采煤法inclinedslicing切口stable,niche区段districtsublevel区段集中平巷districtsublevelgatheringentry, districtmainentry区段平巷districtsublevelentry,district longtudinalsubdrift区域性切冒extensiveroofcollapse全柱开采fullpillarextraction柔性掩护支架flexibleshieldsupport人工顶板artificialroof入换spotting,trainexchange入换站exchangestation三下"开采"coalminingunderbuildings, railwaysandwater-bodies扫清平盘cleaningberm山坡露天采场mountainsurfacemine射流打击力jetimpactforce射流烛心动压力jetaxisdynamicalpressure 扇型推进fanadvance上覆岩层overlyingstrata上装upperlevelloading上山rise,raise上挖updigging上行式开采ascendingmining上行式开采upwardmining十字定梁crossbar石门cross-cut始采线beginningline,miningstarting line双工作面double-unitface,doubleface水采回采巷道stoppingentry水力采煤hydrauliccoalminingtechnology水平分层采煤法horizontalslicing水平分段放顶采煤法top-slimingsystemofsublevel caving水平切片droppingcutslice水枪monitor水体下采煤coalminingunderwater-bodies松动压力broken-rockpressure松软岩层weakstrata松软岩层softstrata塌落fall台阶坡面线benchangle掏槽slotting挑顶roofropping特种支柱specificprops铁路下开采coalminingunderrailways推垮型冒顶thrustrooffall往复式开采reciprocatingmining挖底floordinting挖掘系数excavationfactor围岩surroundingrock围岩稳定性stabilityofsurroundingrock伪顶falseroof伪倾斜柔性掩护支架采煤法flexibleshieldmininginthefalse dip伪斜长壁采煤法obliquelongwallmining喂煤机coalfeeder无井式地下气化法shaftlessgasification无煤柱护巷non-chain-pillarentryprotection无特种柱放顶cavingwithoutspecificprops, cavingwithoutbreakerprops无支柱距prop-freefrontdistance下装lowerleverloading下山dip下挖downdigging下行式开采descendingmining,downward mining巷道断面缩小率roadwayreductionratio 巷旁充填roadsidepacking巷旁支护roadsidesupport限厚开采limitedthicknessextraction限制区间limitsection协调开采harmonicextraction斜井开拓inclinedshaftdevelopment斜切分层采煤法obliqueslicing旋转式推进revolvingmining，turninglongwall循环workingcycle循环进度advanceofworkingcycle循环平均阻力time-weightedmeanresistance 6循环平均阻力meanloadperunitcycle岩层控制stratacontrol岩石内摩檫角internalfrictionangleofrock岩石软化系数softeningfactorofrock岩石碎胀系数bulkingfactor,swellfactor岩石粘聚力rockcohesion岩应力降低区stress-relaxedarea氧化带oxidationzone沿空巷道gob-sideentry掩护支架采煤法shieldmining移道步距shiftspacing移动坑线temporaryworkingramp移动线路shiftablehaulageline应力增高区stress-concentratedarea迎山角prop-settingangle有井式地下气化法shaftgasification有效支撑能力practicalsupportingcapacity 原岩virginrock,virginrockmass原岩应力initialstress,stressinvirgin rockmass员生裂隙initialfissure运输大巷mainhaulageroadway,main haulageway运输平盘haulageberm增阻支柱latebearingprop再倒退overcasting再生顶板mat,regeneratedroof整层开采full-seammining正台阶采煤法heading-and-benchmining 支撑效率supportingefficiency支撑压力abutmentpressure支垛crib支护刚度supportrigidity支护强度supportingintensity支架可缩量nominalyieldofsupport支柱密度propdensity直接顶immediateroof,netherroof直进坑线straightramp中厚煤层medium-thickseam中斜煤层inclinedseam,pitchingseam终采线terminalline周期来压periodicweighting主石门maincross-cut主要上山mainrise主要下山maindip注砂井storage-mixedbin准备巷道preparationroadway自然平衡拱domeofnaturalequilibrium, naturalarch自重充填gravitystowing自重应力gravitystress综合机械化采煤工艺fully-mechanizedcoalwinning technology综合开采工艺combinedminingtechnology综合开拓combineddevelopment总回风巷mainreturnairway纵向前移longitudinalremoval走向长壁采煤法longwallminingonthestrike走向短壁水力采煤法shortwallhydraulicminingonthe strike组合台阶benchgroup4．矿山机械工程安全绞车safetywinch安全制动safetybraking,emergencybraking扒爪collecting-arm耙斗scraperbucket耙斗装载机slusher,gathering-armloader, collecting-armloader,gathering-arm,scraperloader耙式浓缩机rakethickener包角wrapangle,angleofcontact刨刀bit,ploughcutter刨链ploughchain刨煤机kohlenhobel,coalloader, plough,plow刨头ploughhead刨削阻力ploughingresistance刨削深度ploughingdepth刨削速度ploughingspeed本架控制localcontrol变位质量equivalentmass不平衡提升unbalancedhoisting部分断面掘进机selectiveroadheader, partial-sizetunnelingmachine侧卸式装载机sidedischargeloader采煤机coalwinningmachine采煤机械coalwinningmachinery,coal gettingmachinery采煤联动机coal-facewinningaggregate缠绕式提升drumwinding铲斗bucket铲斗装载机bucketloader铲装板apron铲煤板rampplate铲入力bucketthrustforce沉降过滤式离心脱水机screen-bowlcentrifuge 沉降式离心脱水机bowlcentrifuge冲压式成型机briquettingmachine成组控制batchcontrol,bankcontrol成型机briquettingmachine出绳角elevationangle弛张筛flip-flopscreen齿轨机车racktrackcar,racktrack locomotive齿辊破碎机toothedrollcrusher串车trip,train串车train磁选机magneticseparator错绳圈liveturns带式输送机beltconveyor带压移架slidingadvanceofsupport单轨吊车overheadmonorail,overhead ropemonorail挡车栏arrester。
采矿工程专业常用英语词汇
采矿工程专业常用英语词汇★采矿工程专业常用英语词汇★①geologic structure 地质构造geologic age geologic term coalfield 煤田 take 井田reserve of the take 井田储量 geologic reservecoal exploration 煤层勘探 explore②sedimentary rock 沉积岩metamorphose rock 变质岩igneous rock 火成岩 alluvium 冲积层coal seam mineral deposit 矿床③epoch 纪元、纪、代 Permian 二叠纪（系）Carboniferous 石炭纪 Cretaceous 白垩纪Tertiary 第三纪④fold 褶曲 fault 断层 normal～ reverse～ faulting 断层作用⑤strike 走向 along the strikedip 倾向、倾角 dip angle of coal seam煤层倾角⑥weathered 风化的bituminous coal 烟煤[bi’tjuminэs] anthracite 无烟煤 lignite 褐煤limestone 石灰岩 sandstone 砂岩 shale 页岩⑦fully mechanized coal face 综采 conventional mining 普采Semi-mechanized coal face blasting mining 炮采fully mechanized sublevel caving mining 综放⑧colliery (coal mine) colliery undertaking ~企业Longwall mining 长壁开采 Room and pillar 房柱式开采pillar and stall Panel, district, mining area 盘区采区⑨Shaft (vertical) 井筒adit 平硐shaft sinking 井筒掘进opencast open pit 露天矿 surface mining strip mining ⑩strata(stratum) 岩层stimulated caving 强制放顶longwall advancing retreatingroof (floor) 顶（底）板 main ~ immediate ~ false ~11pit bottom shaft station 井底车场 up cast downcast 进回风井ventilate ventilation borehole 钻孔 drill bunker(coal bin) 煤仓12Skip 箕斗 cage 罐笼 conveyor 运输机 belt conveyor 胶带运输机AFC(Armored Face Conveyer) 刮板输送机 coal preparation 选煤Powered roof support 液压支架 (shield)13drift entry roadway gateroad巷道 crosscut 石门，横贯，捷径methane 甲烷瓦斯 gas ~ drainagegob，goaf (mined out area) 采空区14airway 风道 intake ~ return ~ 进风巷回风巷stress-strain 应力－应变 stress relief zone de-stressed 应力解除15 room dispatcher’s ～ pump ～泵房dispatcher’s room 调度室waiting room 候车室 winch engine room first-aid room16 tale air 乏风 fresh intake ~ tail entry head entry 顺槽heading 掘进头 rise ~ 上山 opening ~开切眼17 timber 木支柱 prop, jack 支柱 individual jacks （prop）单体支柱convergence 顶底板移近、会合 smooth ~ 缓慢下沉（巷道）free subsidence method （采场）18 waste heap /spoil tip 矸石山 spontaneous combustion 自燃hoist 提升 gate road/drift/entry 巷道 incline gate 斜巷incline shaft19 tectonic 构造的～stress mining regulations safety regulations rock/ underground pressure 矿山压力Behavior of rock/ underground pressure 矿山压力显现20 floor heave 底鼓 thin or medium-thick seam 中厚incline seam 倾向煤层 sloping ~steep coal seam 急倾向煤层 gently slopping ~ 缓倾斜煤层21 cracked roof 破碎顶板 fractured roof crush, crackspacing of main falls 放顶步距 distance of roof fallwinch 小绞车 caving ~22 eaker props/breaker support 切顶支柱withdrawal of support回柱prop withdrawer 回柱绞车 shield-type support 掩护式支架chock support 垛式支架常用专业英语词汇23 survey(ing) 测量 ~ station 观测站 elevation标高 elevator，lifttransit 经纬仪 full caving method 全部跨落法partial caving partial backfilling (packing)24 subsidence 下沉 ~ trough ~basin 下沉盆地surface structure（building）地表建筑物surface movement and deformation 地表移动和变形Contour 等值线下沉（Subsidence）、倾斜（Slope）、曲率（Curvature）、水平移动（Displacement）、水平变形（Horizontal strain）25 aquifer 含水层 coal mining above a confined aquifer承压水上采煤protective pillar 保护煤柱 barrier pillar 隔离煤柱26 angle of draw 移动角边界角 draw angle of strata 边界角surface cracks 地表裂缝 Surface slope (incline) 地表倾斜curvature 曲率27 Overburden strata 上覆岩层 overlying strata 上覆岩层structure damage 建筑物损害 recovery ratio 采出率、回采率28 backfilling mining method filling mining stowing miningmethod充填回采建筑物下开采(Mining under buildings) 铁路下开采(Mining under railways)水体下开采(Mining under water bodies)29 simultaneous extraction 同时开采limited thickness extraction 限厚开采selected extraction 选择开采 continuous extraction 连续开采land reclaimation technology 土地复垦技术30 compressed air drill 风钻 electric ~ 电钻yielding support 可缩支架 rigid ~ 刚性支架roof bolting 顶板锚杆 resin ~31 auxiliary fans 局扇 auxiliary shaft 副井 subsidiary shaft 副井Main shaft 主井 mine water drainage 矿井排水haulage hoisting lighting 运输、提升、照明32 seam subject to rock burst 易突出煤层～spontaneous combustion易自然煤层rock burst 岩爆冲击矿压 surrounding rock 围岩 first cost 初期投资33 multiple coal seam 多煤层 subsoil 下层基岩quarry 采场、采矿场、采石场horizon 区段、水平 horizontal34 washery 洗煤＝coal preparation plantdevelopment，Preparation， production systemhigh-productive&high efficient coal mine 高产高效矿井35ascending order descending mining coalification 煤化作用repairing shift development shift productive capacity，output36 standby equipment deplete 枯竭采完extract/mine/exploit/win/work 开采cantilever 悬臂梁 water-bearing ground 含水地层37 run-of-mine coal 原煤 raw washed coal ，clean coal fossil fuel 化石燃料rock mechanics岩石力学 dummy road 盲巷 safety pillar安全煤柱38 tensile stress field（ zone ）拉应力区Compressive stress field rock mass 岩体rock mechanics in coal mining 煤矿岩石力学 Rock pressure 岩石压力39 behavior of rock pressure 矿山压力显现 Stress 应力；Strain 应变rock strata control (ground control) 岩层控制elastic deformation 弹性变形 plastic deformation 塑性变形40 rheology of rock 岩石（体）流变性 virgin rock[mass]/initial rock[mass]原岩（体）virgin stress of rock[mass] 原岩应力 initial stress of rock[mass]原岩应力virgin stress field of rock[mass] initial stress field of rock[mass] 原岩应力场41 stress in surrounding rock围岩应力stress-concentrated zone 应力增高区virgin stress zone（field） initial stress zone 原岩应力区coefficient of stress concentration 应力集中系数42 Support 支架，支撑 partial caving method 局部跨落法pillar support method 煤柱支撑法43 weak ( soft) strata 松软岩层 hard strata 坚硬岩层unstable roof 不稳定顶板 load of support 支架载荷44 medium stable roof 中等稳定顶板 stable roof 稳定顶板hard roof; strong roof 坚硬顶板 classification of roof 顶板分类classify45 setting load 初撑力 yield load 额定工作阻力support load 支护阻力 prop density 支柱密度46 load density; supporting intensity支护强度rib spalling 片帮 impact load 冲击载荷47 first weighting初次来压 periodic weighting (of main roof)周期来压coal and gas bump; coal and gas outburst煤与瓦斯突出48 aved zone 冒落带 fractured zone 裂隙带sagging (continuous deformation) zone 弯曲下沉带natural arch; ~ of natural equilibrium 自然平衡拱49 Soil zone Continuous deformation zone Fractured zone Caved zone50 Initial supporting 一次支护 first supportingPermanent supporting二次支护 second supporting road side supporting 巷旁支护 non-pillar roadway protection无煤柱护巷protective seam 保护层51 abutment pressure 支承压力 method of roof control 顶板管理方法roof-to-floor convergence 顶底板移近量rib sides convergence 两帮移近量52 Cross section 剖面 Sectional（plan） view 剖（平）面图softening factor of rock 岩石软化系数 roof caving angle 顶板跨落角。
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采矿工程专业英语词汇手册（Glossary of Special English in Mining Engineering ）——《采矿学》双语教学专用采矿工程专业内部讲义二零零七年九月Content目录Introduction (2)绪论 (2)Chapter 1 Basic concepts of Coal Mining (2)第一章煤矿开采的基本概念 (2)Chapter 2 Coal Mining methods (3)第二章采煤方法的概念和种类 (3)Section I Mine Field Development and Mining Design第一篇井田开拓及矿井开采设计Chapter 3 Basic Concepts of Mine Development (4)第三章井田开拓的基本概念 (4)Chapter 4 Mine Development W ays (5)第四章井田开拓方式 (4)Chapter 5 Development Roadways Layout ..... (6)第五章井田开拓巷道布置 (4)Chapter 6 Level station (7)第六章井底车场 (4)Chapter 7 Mine Development Deepen and T echnical Reform (8)第七章矿井开拓延深和技术改造 (4)Introduction (绪论)mine n. 矿山，矿井。
v. 采矿colliery n. 矿井coal mining 采煤underground mining 地下开采surface mining 露天开采reserve n. 储量coal-bearing adj. 含煤的high production and high efficiency 高产高效development n. 开拓preparation n. 准备mining method 采煤方法subside v. 下沉，沉陷subsidence n. 沉降，沉陷mining subsidence n. 开采沉陷mechanize v. 使…机械化mechanization n. 机械化Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Mine (矿井基本概念)coalfield n. 煤田mining area n. 矿区mine field n. 井田divide v. 划分division n. 划分mine production capacity （MPC）矿井生产能力mine service life 矿井服务年限production scale of mine 井型small mine 小型矿井middle mine 中型矿井large mine 大型矿井huge mine 特大型矿井strike n. 走向dip n. 倾向dip angle 倾角workable adj. 可采的workable reserve n. 可采储量opening n. 通道，开口mine opening n. 矿山井巷passageway n. 通道shaft n. 立井roadway n. 巷道chamber n. 硐室main shaft 主立井auxiliary shaft 副立井air shaft 风井blind shaft 暗立井drawn shaft 溜井chute n. 溜煤眼adit n. 平硐drift n. 平硐crosscut n. 联络巷；石门coal crosscut煤门entry n. 平巷haulage n. 运输main haulage roadway 主要运输平巷main return-air roadway 主要回风平巷head entry 区段运输平巷tail entry 区段回风平巷slope n. 斜井rise n. 上山dip n. 下山rock rise 岩石上山coal rise 煤层上山coal haulage rise 运煤上山material transporting rise 运料上山return-air rise 回风上山men-walking rise 行人上山inclined roadway of a strip 分带斜巷inclined coal haulage roadway of a strip 分带运煤斜巷inclined material haulage roadway of a strip 分带运料斜巷development roadway 开拓巷道preparation roadway 准备巷道gateway 回采巷道pit bottom 井底车场shaft bottom 井底车场station n. 车场，车站mining district station 采区车场horizon n. 阶段level n. 水平haulage level 运输水平return-air level 回风水平mining level 开采水平interval between levels 阶段垂高mining district 采区panel n. 盘区sublevel n. 分段strip district n. 带区inclined length 斜长strike length 走向长度district sublevel区段Open-off cut n. 切眼coalface n. 采煤面working face工作面production n. 生产；产量production system 生产系统coal haulage system 运煤系统ventilation n. 通风ventilation system通风系统fresh air 新鲜风dirty air 乏风，污风refuse n. 矸石material and refuse transportation system 运料排矸系统drain v. 排水drainage system 排水系统power supply system (electric power, compressed air) 动力供应（电、压风）communication and monitoring system 通讯、监测系统drive v. 掘进excavate v. 开挖，开掘hoist v. 提升winch n. 绞车Chapter 2 Coal Mining methods (采煤方法)stope 采场mining works/units 回采工作basic operation 基本工序break v. 破碎load v. 装载haul v. 运输auxiliary operations 辅助工序roof support 顶板支护gob treatment 采空区处理auxiliary transportation 辅助运输ventilation 通风drainage 排水power supply 供电,emulsion supply 供液（乳化液）等。
winning/mining technique 采煤工艺mining system 采煤系统mining roadway layout 回采巷道布置classify v. 分类dry mining 旱采wall mining system壁式开采full-seam mining 整层single longwall mining method 单一长壁采煤法longwall mining on strike走向长壁开采longwall mining on incline 倾向长壁开采sublevel caving放顶煤shield掩护支架slicing method分层inclined slicing倾斜分层horizontal slicing水平分层oblique slicing斜切分层top-slicing system of sublevel caving水平分段放顶煤pillar mining system柱式开采体系room and pillar mining method 房柱式room method 房式hydraulic mining水采underground liquefaction地下液化underground gasification 地下气化roof caving 垮落法（自然垮落、强制放顶）packing 充填法pillar support刀柱式flat seam近水平煤层gently inclined seam 缓斜煤层inclined seam 倾斜煤层/中斜煤层steeply inclined thick seam 急倾斜厚煤层：thin seam 薄煤层medium-thick seam 中厚煤层thick seam 厚煤层steeply inclined seam with an huge thickness 急倾斜特厚煤层blasting mining technology炮采conventionally mechanized mining technology普通机械化采煤工艺fully mechanized mining technology综合机械化采煤工艺fully mechanized mining with top coal caving technology综采放顶煤工艺continuous miner 连续采煤机shuttle car n. 梭车universal extensible conveyor 万向接长机bolt v. 打锚杆；n. 锚杆mining method 采矿方法；mining operation 采矿作业；ground control 顶板管理；recovery rate回采率；subsidence control 地表沉陷控制cover 覆盖层；overburden 上覆地层；immediate roof 直接顶；floor 底板；hardness 硬度；strength 强度cleavage 解理gas，methane 瓦斯daily operation 日常工作single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业auxiliary operation辅助作业cutting n. 切割，掏槽；lighting n. 照明outcrop 露头，露出地面的岩层development stage 开拓阶段production stage 生产阶段haulage capacity 运输能力main entry 主巷barrier pillar 隔离煤柱/边界煤柱butt entry/district sublevel entry 区段平巷shearer 滚筒采煤机planer，Plow 刨煤机auger mining 螺旋钻开采rapid excavation 快速掘进ocean mining 海洋采矿Chapter3 Concepts of Mine Development (井田开拓的概念)mine boundary 井田边界terrain n. 地形topography n.地形学geological structure 地质构造fault n. 断层fold n. 褶皱down fold n. 背斜upfold n. 向斜coal quality 煤质occurrence 赋存mine geological reserve 矿井地质储量usable reserves (Ａ+ B + C + D ) 可利用储量temporary useless reserves 暂不能利用储量mine industrial reserve Zg=(Ａ+ B + C) 矿井工业储量future reserve ( D) 远景储量workable reserve 可采储量designed lost reserve 设计煤炭损失recovery rate回采率Mine Production Capacity (MPC) 矿井生产能力coalface output 采煤工作面产量mining district production capacity 采区生产能力cost per ton coal product 吨煤成本mine service life 矿井使用年限mine field development 井田开拓development roadway 开拓巷道development way/mode 开拓方式development system 开拓系统portal type 井筒类型adit development 平硐开拓slope development 斜井开拓shaft development 立井开拓combined development 综合开拓development roadway layout 开拓巷道布置main roadway for single seam 分层大巷gathering main roadway 集中大巷gathering main roadway for each coal seam group分组集中大巷single level 单水平multiple level 多水平preparation type 准备方式rise type 上山式rise and dip type 上下山式combined rises and dip 上山、上下山混合式industrial area 工业场地mining level 开采水平pit bottom 井底车场development deepening 开拓延深replacement of mining level 水平接替transportation facility 运输设备electromechanical mine operation 矿井机电作业capital investment 基本建设投资。