Ex.1(参考译文)
2014高考英语阅读理解冲刺满分训练14(含解析)
2014高考英语阅读理解冲刺满分训练（14）阅读理解请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AWe know the famous ones—the Thomas Edison and the Alexander Graham Bells —but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldn’t we know who they are?Joan Mclean thinks so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she’s developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and ”how” questions. According to Mclean,” When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldn’t be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson start ed drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper.Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations，It’s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A Morgan’s traffic light. It’s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible, Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?( ) 1. By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”, the author indicates that countless inventions are .A. beneficial, because their inventors are famousB. beneficial, though their inventors are less famousC. not useful, because their inventors are less famousD. not useful, though their inventors are famous( ) 2. Professor Joan McLean’s course aims to_____.A. add color and variety to students’ campus lifeB. inform students of the windshield wiper’s inventionC. carry out the requirements by Mountain UniversityD. prepare students to try their own invention( ) 3. Tommy Lee’s invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _________.A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producerB. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiperC. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstormD. not related to Professor Joan McLean’s lectures( ) 4. Which 0f the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?B How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleani ng the Window?C Shouldn’t We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?D Shouldn’t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?A篇第一篇文章是关于生活中离不开小发明，鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机，推动社会的进步。
英语专业八级考试阅读理解练习
英语专业八级测验浏览懂得演习In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence –as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate thesmoking ruins and wonder what hit us. The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law. Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each other's problems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, inexchanging information. "Talk, talk, talk," the advocates of violence say, "all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser." It's rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. "Possible, my lord," the barrister replied, "none the wiser, but surely far better informed." Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.1. What is the best title for this passage?[A] Advocating Violence.[B] Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.[C] Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.[D] The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.2. Recorded history has taught us[A] violence never solves anything. [B] nothing. [C] the bloodshed means nothing. [D] everything.3. It can be inferred that truly reasonable men[A] can't get a hearing. [B] are looked down upon. [C] are persecuted. [D] Have difficulty in advocating lawenforcement.4. "He was none the wiser" means[A] he was not at all wise in listening.[B] He was not at all wiser than nothing before.[C] He gains nothing after listening.[D] He makes no sense of the argument.5. According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is [A] law enforcement. [B] knowledge. [C] nonviolence. [D] Mopping up the violent mess.难句译注：1.What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. 【构造简析】when it comes to the crunch = when / if the decisive moment comes.当症结时刻来到时. 【参考译文】真正令人可怖的,令人掉望的是,在症结时刻,人们意识到我们一点儿也没有提高/进步.2.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. 【构造简析】in the wake of 在…之后.【参考译文】因为我们不克不及不清算掉落暴力之后所留下的烂摊子,我们的力气是以减弱了.3.After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser.【构造简析】none + the + 比较级.固定用法,义：not at all 一点儿也不.EX: After the treatment, he is none the better.治疗后,他并没有是以见好,（一点儿也不见好）. 【参考译文】听了律师的长篇解释,法官抱怨说他一无所得,其实不是以变得愚蠢些.4. Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom. 【参考译文】常识是愚蠢的须要的先决前提.联合高低文这里意思是：懂得情形是解决问题的先决前提.句子后面的解释：常识是指懂得它欲以解决暴力制作的罪行. 答案详解：1.B 暴力难以清除种族成见.文章一开端就提出有些国度种族成见轻微,而暴力倒是公认的一种解决办法.白人采取暴力镇压,黑人以防火.掠抢为对抗.而两边的大人物镇静地论及暴力,似乎这是一种正当的解决筹划.作者就此指出人类的提高只在于概况――服饰等,人类的本性没有转变.全部有记载汗青的文件没有教会人类任何器械.这是真正令人恐怖的事宜.第二段论及真正有理智的懂得解决筹划地点的人宣传法制,人们不断.他们反而收到歧视.危害.作者就此提出假设,答出真正的解决筹划嗜法制,以法治理. 第三段进一步解释“交换.对话”是懂得两边问题的前提,即使暴力者不合意,但知道暴力制作它伪装要解决的罪行,是愚蠢愚蠢的须要前提.A.宣传暴力.C.两边主要人物都把暴力作为正当的解决筹划.D. 人类的赋性是嗜暴性.2.B没有什么.第一段中就明白提出整小我类有记载汗青又长又臭的暴力文件记载,一点都没有教给我们任何器械.A.暴力解决不了任何工作.C.屠杀（流血）没有任何意义.D.一切.3.D在宣传法制方面有艰苦.答案在第二段,真正有理智的人宣传法制,遭到同类们的歧视.不信赖和危害.他们发明要人倾听他们的看法越来越艰苦.A.人们不听.B.遭人歧视.C.遭人危害.这三项都包含在D项内.4.C听后无所得.None the wiser一点也不比以前愚蠢（这是按字面翻译）.现实就是C项.A.在倾听他人上他一点也不愚蠢.B.他和以前一个样.D.他听不懂论点.5.A法制.第二段最后一句,假如我们在司法的构架中进行工作,真正的持久的解决老是能实现的.第二段第二句,他们遭到危害是因为他们宣传法制这种显然令人不克不及容忍的事.B.常识.C.非暴力.D.处理暴力带来的凌乱.The tourist trade is booming. With all this coming andgoing, you'd expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it！Superb systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit each other's countries at a moderate cost. What was once the 'grand tour', reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybody's grasp？The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which the lords and ladies on grand tours in the old days couldn't have dreamed of. But what's the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other？Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population. The modern tourist leads a cosseted, sheltered life. He lives at international hotels, where he eats his international food and sips his international drink while he gazes at the natives from a distance. Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. The tourist is allowed to see only what the organizers want him to see and no more. A strict schedulemakes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization. The summer quarters of the inhabitants of the cite universitaire： are temporarily reestablished on the island of Corfu. Blackpool is recreated at Torremolinos where the traveler goes not to eat paella, but fish and chips.The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the persistence of national stereotypes. We don't see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe they are. You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them with these five adjectives： musical, amorous, cold, pedantic, native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives actually act as barriers. So when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm your preconceptions. You come away with the highly unoriginaland inaccurate impression that, say, 'Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites' of that 'Latin peoples shout a lot'. You only have to make a few foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful national stereotypes are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you？Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact〞how trite it sounds！每 That all people are human. We are all similar to each other and at the same time all unique.1. The best title for this passage is[A] Tourism contributes nothing to increasing understanding between nations.[B] Tourism is tiresome.[C] Conducted tour is dull.[D] Tourism really does something to one's country.2. What is the author's attitude toward tourism？[A] apprehensive. [B]negative. [C] critical. [D] appreciative.3. Which word in the following is the best to summarize Latin people shout a lot？[A] silent. [B] noisy. [C] lively. [D] active.4. The purpose of the author's criticism is to point out[A] conducted tour is disappointing.[B]the way of touring should be changed.[C] when traveling, you notice characteristics which confirm preconception.[D] national stereotypes should be changed.5. What is 'grand tour' now？[A] moderate cost.[B]local sight-seeing is investigated by the tourist organization.[C] people enjoy the first-rate comforts.[D] everybody can enjoy the 'grand tour'.答案详解1.A 旅游对促进平易近族懂得毫无建树.第二段开端点出,很多旅游组织直接负责旅游事宜,他们有意识不让旅游者接触当地居平易近,让他们过着一种关心备至又与世隔断的生涯.住的是国际饭铺,吃的是国际食物,喝的是国际饮料,在原处不雅看当地居平易近.严厉有序的筹划使旅游者难以本身一人闲逛,说话的障碍,又使他们愿意接收呵护.第三段涉及保持平易近族模式化――老一套的设法主意,所以一开端旅游,你见到的平易近族特征就只是证实了你本身假想的根本领实――所有人平易近都是人类.只有交同伙才干知道平易近族模式是何等荒诞.有害,可是观光社竭力禁止,你又怎么能交上外国同伙呢？这一切解释A项对.B.旅游很累.C.导游不雅光很单调乏味.D.旅游确切对国度有进献.2.C 批驳.3.B 吵吵闹闹的.4.B 旅游的方法应转变.整篇文章（除第一段外）都围绕旅游方法不睬想来进行批驳.第二段分散在导游不雅光使旅游者难以和当地人平易近接触.第三段,见到的只是证实了旅游者本身事先形成的思惟/先入之见,旅游根本达不到懂得对方的目标.第四段讲了平易近族固定模式（先入之见的模式）的恐怖效果.要使人懂得所有的人们都是人类,彼此类似,又各具特色,就得转变旅游的方法.A.导游不雅光令人掉望.C.旅游时,你见到的特征证实了你的先入之见.D.平易近族模式应该转变.这三条都是批驳的具体内容.5.D 人人都能享受大旅游.大观光是专指英国巨室后辈上学中的一门课程－到欧洲大陆不雅光.不是人人都能享受.这里用grand tour暗示人人都能享受类似 grand tour的一切,甚至超出,如第一段指出：现代旅游者享受的舒适举措措施,达到了大观光中老爷.蜜斯们做梦都没有想到的程度.海陆空高等交换联络通信体系,使人们有可能钱花得不久不多就能拜访.不雅光此外国度.所以说,曾是有钱人专享的大观光,通俗人也能领略.“grand tour”有引号,标明作为比方.A.费用不高.文内是费用适合.中等.适当.B.当地不雅光受组织审查.C.人们爱好一流舒适举措措施.California is a land of variety and contrast. Almost every type of physical land feature, sort of arctic ice fields and tropical jungles can be found within its borders. Sharply contrasting types of land often lie very close to one another.People living in Bakersfield, for instance, can visit the Pacific Ocean and the coastal plain, the fertile San Joaquin Valley, the arid Mojave Desert, and the high Sierra Nevada, all within a radius of about 100 miles. In other areas it is possible to go snow skiing in the morning and surfing in the evening of the same day, without having to travel long distance.Contrast abounds in California. The highest point in the United States （outside Alaska ） is in California, and so is the lowest point （including Alaska）. Mount Whitney, 14,494 feet above sea level, is separated from Death Valley, 282 feet below sea level, by a distance of only 100 miles. The two areas have a difference in altitude of almost three miles.California has deep, clear mountain lakes like LakeTahoe, the deepest in the country, but it also has shallow, salty desert lakes. It has Lake Tulainyo, 12,020 feet above sea level, and the lowest lake in the country, the Salton Sea, 236 feet below sea level. Some of its lakes, like Owens Lake in Death Valley, are not lakes at all： they are dried up lake beds.In addition to mountains, lakes, valleys, deserts, and plateaus, California has its Pacific coastline, stretching longer than the coastlines of Oregon and Washington combined.26. Which of the following is the lowest point in the United States？A. Lake TulainyoB. Mojave desertC. Death ValleyD. The Salton Sea27. Where is the highest point in the United States located？A. Lake Tahoe.B. Sierra Nevada.C. Mount Whitney.D. Alaska.28. How far away is Death Valley from Mount Whitney？A. About 3 miles.B. Only 100 miles.C. 282 feet.D. 14,494 feet.29. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in thepassage as being within a radius of about 100 miles of Bakersfield？A. The Pacific Ocean.B. San Joaquin Valley.C. Mojave Desert.D. Oregon and Washington.30. Which statement best demonstrates that California is a land of variety and contrast？A. The highest lake in California is Lake Tulainyo.B. It is possible to go surfing and snow skiing in some parts of California without having to travel long distance.C. Sierra Nevada, San Joaquin Valley, Mojave Desert and the Pacific Ocean all lie within a radius of about 100 miles.D. Owens Lake, in Death Valley, is not really a lake at all.答案及解析：26. C）这是一道细节题.依据第三段所给的海拔高度,可知美国最低点在death valley.27. D）此题很轻易误选为C,这是因为第三段提到Mount Whitney的海拔高度;但是要留意此段第二句提到美国最高点时在括号中填补解释这个最高点是在 Alaska以外的.这就解释美国的海拔最高点不是Mount Whitney,而是位于Alaska.28. B）这是一道细节题.依据第三段可找出答案.29. D）依据第二段可知答案.30. C）文中说加利福尼亚是一个地貌多样,富于变更的地方,而选项C是一个最凸起的例子.。
英09《英语口译》Ex-Political System
〔Political System－Words & Expressions〕中华人民共和国主席President of the People's Republic of China省长（Provincial）Governor市长Mayor全国人民代表大会National People's Congress (NPC)中国人民政治协商会议Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)（主席：Chairman）主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee （委员长：Chairman）办公厅General Office （主任：Director）秘书处Secretariat （秘书长：Secretary-General）最高人民法院Supreme People's Court （首席大法官：Chief Grand Justice）最高人民检察院Supreme People's Procuratorate （检察官：Procurator）国务院State Council (总理：premier)部Ministry （部长：minister）中共中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CCCPC)（总书记：General Secretary）（第十七届中央委员会the Seventeenth Central Committee）中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央军事委员会Central Military Commission，the CCCPC （主席：Chairman）全国各族人民the people of all ethnic groups中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory“三个代表”重要思想the important thought of Three Represents全面建设小康社会to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects全面落实科学发展观fully apply the Scientific Outlook on Development加快建设法治政府accelerate development of government by the rule of law全面推进依法行政advance all aspects of government administration in accordancewith the law维护社会公正正义safeguard social fairness and justice加强青少年思想道德建设cultivate ideals and ethics among young people人民赋予我们的权力the powers bestowed on us by the people反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government加强公务员队伍建设build a contingent of qualified civil servants增强政府公信力increase public trust in government〔汉译英-1〕加快推进政府改革。
必修一unit1单词表英译汉
Unit 1△survey n. ___________________ upset adj. vt. ___________________ ignore vt. ___________________calm vt. & vi.adj. ___________________ concern vt. n. ___________________ loose adj. ___________________vet n. ___________________ Netherlands n.）___________________△Jewish ___________________ German adj. n．___________________△Nazi n. adj. ___________________ series n. ___________________ outdoors adv. ___________________ spellbind vt.；___________________ dusk n. ___________________thunder vi. ___________________ entire adj. ___________________ entirely adv. ___________________ power n. ___________________curtain n. ___________________dusty adj. ___________________partner n. ___________________settle vi. ___________________suffer vt. & vi. ___________________△loneliness n. ___________________highway n. ___________________recover vi. & vt. ___________________pack vi. & vt. n. ___________________suitcase n. ___________________Overcoat n. ___________________teenager n. ___________________△gossip vi. & n. ___________________exactly adv.；___________________disagree vi. ___________________grateful adj. ___________________dislike n. & vt. ___________________tip n. ___________________△secondly adv. ___________________swap vt. ___________________item n. ___________________合计_____________________使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来___________________不得不；必须_____________________关心；挂念_____________________遛狗_____________________经历；经受_____________________记下；放下；登记_____________________一连串的；一系列；一套_____________________故意_____________________为了……_____________________在黄昏时刻_____________________面对面地_____________________不再……_____________________遭受；患病_____________________对……厌烦_____________________将（东西）装箱打包_____________________与……相处；进展_____________________相爱；爱上_____________________参加；加入_____________________Unit 1n. 调查；测验_____________________ adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适vt. 使不安；使心烦___________________ vt. 不理睬；忽视_____________________ vt. & vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的____________ vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系______________ adj. 松的；松开的_____________________ n. 兽医_____________________n. 荷兰（西欧国家）_____________________ 犹太人的；犹太族的_____________________ adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的n．德国人；德语__________________ Nazi n. adj. _____________________n. 连续；系列_____________________ adv. 在户外；在野外____________vt. 迷住；迷惑_____________________n. 黄昏；傍晚_____________________ vi. 打雷；雷鸣/n．雷；雷声________________adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的______________adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地_____________n. 能力；力量；权力_____________________n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布_____________________adj. 积满灰尘的_____________________n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人______________vi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解决______________vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历_______________n. 孤单；寂寞_____________________n. 公路；大路_____________________vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得____________vi. & vt. 捆扎；包装；打行李n. 小包；包裹_____________________n. 手提箱；衣箱_____________________n. 大衣；外套_____________________n. 十几岁的青少年_____________________vi. & n. 闲话；闲谈_____________________adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地_____________vi. 不同意_____________________adj. 感激的；表示谢意的____________n. & vt. 不喜欢；厌恶_______________n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费vt. 倾斜；翻倒_____________________adv. 第二；其次_____________________vt. 交换_____________________n. 项目；条款_____________________。
英语专业八级阅读理解练习及答案详解(4)
2016英语专业八级阅读理解练习及答案详解（4）Equality of OpportunityThese days we hear a lot of nonsense about the ‘great classless society’. The idea that the twentieth century is the age of the common man has become one of the great clichés of our time. The same old arguments are put forward in evidence. Here are some of them: monarchy as a system of government has been completely discredited. The monarchies that survive have been deprived of all political power. Inherited wealth has been savagely reduced by taxation and, in time, the great fortunes will disappear altogether. In a number of countries the victory has been complete. The people rule; the great millennium has become a political reality. But has it? Close examination doesn’t bear out the claim.It is a fallacy to suppose that all men are equal and that society will be leveled out if you provide everybody with the same educational opportunities. (It is debatable whether you can ever provide everyone with the same educational opportunities, but that is another question.) The fact is that nature dispenses brains and ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The old rules of the jungle, ‘survival of the fittest’, and ‘might is right’ are still with us. The spread of education has destroyed the old class system and created a new one. Rewards are based on merit. For ‘aristocracy’ read ‘meritocracy’; in other respects, society remains unaltered: the class system is rigidly maintained.Genuine ability, animal cunning, skill, the knack of seizing opportunities, all bring material rewards. And what is the first thing people do when they become rich? They use their wealth to secure the best possible opportunities for their children, to give them ‘a good start in life’. For all the lip service we pay to the idea of equality, we do not consider this wrong in the western world. Private schools which offer unfair advantages over state schools are not banned because one of the principles in a democracy is that people should be free to choose how they willeducate their children. In this way, the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent: an able child from a wealthy home can succeed far more rapidly than his poorer counterpart. Wealth is also used indiscriminately to further political ends. It would be almost impossible to become the leader of a democracy without massive financial backing. Money is as powerful a weapon as ever it was.In societies wholly dedicated to the principle of social equality, privileged private education is forbidden. But even here people are rewarded according to their abilities. In fact, so great is the need for skilled workers that the least able may be neglected. Bright children are carefully and expensively trained to become future rulers. In the end, all political ideologies boil down to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are ruled by a feudal king or an educated peasant.1. What is the main idea of this passage?[A] Equality of opportunity in the twentieth century has not destroyed the class system.[B] Equality means money.[C] There is no such society as classless society.[D] Nature can’t give you a classless society.2. According to the author, the same educational opportunities can’t get rid of inequality because[A] the principle ‘survival of the fittest’ exists.[B] Nature ignores equality in dispensing brains and ability.[C] Material rewards are for genuine ability.[D] People have the freedom how to educate their children.3. Who can obtain more rapid success[A] those with wealth.[B] Those with the best brains.[C] Those with the best opportunities.[D] Those who have the ability to catch at opportunities.4. Why does the author say the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent? Because[A] money decides everything.[B] Private schools offer advantages over state schools.[C] People are free to choose the way of educating their children.[D] Wealth is used for political ends.5. According to the author, ‘class divisions’ refers to[A] the rich and the poor.[B] Different opportunities for people.[C] Oppressor and the oppressed.[D] Genius and stupidity.答案详解：1. A 二十世纪平等的机遇并没有摧毁阶级。
2025届贵州市贵阳七校联盟高三上学期第一次联考数学试卷答案
数学参考答案·第1页（共8页）贵阳市七校2025届高三年级联合考试（一）数学参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案 CBADCABD【解析】1．因为i i a z z +=- ，所以i (1)(1)i1i 2a a a z -+--++==+，因为复数z 为纯虚数，所以1010a a -=+≠，，所以1a =，故选C ．2．集合2{|320}[12]A x x x =-+=≤，，(2)B a a =+，，01A B a ⊆⇔<<，所以0a >是A B⊆的必要不充分条件，故选B ．3．设OA = a ，OB = b ，OC = c ，因为+=a b c ，所以四边形OACB 是2π3AOB ∠=的菱形，所以a 与-a b 的夹角即π6OAB ∠=，故选A ． 4．可估计全班学生数学的平均分为3280757855⨯+⨯=，方差为2232[7(8078)][2(7578)]55+-++-11=，故选D ．5．因为e 11e ()()e 1e 1x x xx f x f x -----===-++，所以()f x 为奇函数，又因为1e ()1e 12x x f x +-==-+ 2e 1x+，所以()f x 为R 上的增函数．因为2()(2)0f m f m +->，所以2()(2)(2)f m f m f m >--=-，所以22m m >-，即220m m +->，解得2m <-或1m >，所以实数m 的取值范围为(2)(1)-∞-+∞ ，，，故选C ． 6．根据题意可得A D A E A D A F A E A F ''''''⊥⊥⊥，，，且1A E A F ''==， 1，2A D '=，所以三棱锥D A EF '-可补成一个长方体，则三棱锥D A EF '-的外接球即为长方体的外接球，如图1所示，设长方体图1的外接球的半径为R，可得2R=，所以2R=，所以外接球的体积为3344ππ33V R===⎝⎭，故选A．7．由函数的图象可知：(1)0(2)0f f==，，解得32b c=-=，，所以32()32f x x x x=-+，可得2()362f x x x'=-+，由韦达定理得1212223x x x x+==，，所以21212121212()()2()3()23f x f xx x x x x xx x-=+--++=--，故选B．8．因为2224b b a b b aa b a b a b++=+=++≥，当且仅当23a b==时，等号成立，因为223bt ta b-+≤恒成立，所以234t t-≤，即(34)(1)0t t-+≤，解得413t-≤≤，故选D．二、多项选择题（本大题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项是符合题目要求的，全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分）题号9 10 11答案ABD ACD AC【解析】9．由图可得，2A=，ππ12π3124ω-=⨯，解得2ω=，故A正确；又函数图象经过点π212⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，，则π2sin2212ϕ⎛⎫⨯+=⎪⎝⎭，即πsin16ϕ⎛⎫+=⎪⎝⎭，因π||2ϕ<，故ππ62ϕ+=，解得π3ϕ=，故π()2sin23f x x⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭；对于B，当5π12x=-时，ππ232x+=-，此时函数取得最小值，故B 正确；对于C，2π4ππ2sin22sin2333f x x x⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-+=-⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，是奇函数，故C错误；对于D，将函数π()2sin23f x x⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭图象上所有点的横坐标变为原来的2倍，将得到函数π2sin3y x⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭的图象，故D正确，故选ABD．10．对于A：直线210l kx y k++-=：，整理为(2)10k x y++-=，不管k为何值，直线l始终过点(21)-，，故A正确；对于B：1k=时直线l的方程为10x y++=，它不过圆C的圆心(03)，，故B不正确；对于C：由A知当(21)-，是线段AB的中点时，此时弦长AB数学参考答案·第2页（共8页）数学参考答案·第3页（共8页）最短，而圆22(3)16C x y +-=：，圆心是(03)，，半径4r =，圆心(03)，和点(21)-，的距离是||AB ==，故C 正确；对于D ：当2k =时，直线230l x y ++=：，曲线222(6)370x y x y λλλ+++-+-=，即2267x y y +--+(23)0x y λ++=，显然该曲线过直线l 与圆C 的交点，故D 正确，故选ACD ．11．由题意知函数()y f x =的图象关于点(21)，对称，所以(2)1f =，A 正确；若函数()sin(π)1f x x =+，则函数()πcos(π)g x x =，(2)πg =，B 错误；易得函数()y f x =的周期也为2，而函数(2)1y f x =+-是奇函数，所以函数()1y f x =-是奇函数，C 正确；若函数()sin(π)1f x x =+，则(1)1f =，所以20241()2024k f k ==∑，D 错误，故选AC ．三、填空题（本大题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分）【解析】12．由正弦定理得a b c c b a b-=-+，即222b c a bc +-=，由余弦定理得222cos 22b c a bc A bc bc +-== 12=，又(0π)A ∈，，所以π3A =． 13．因为na x ⎫⎪⎭的展开式的二项式系数和为32，所以5n =，515C kkk k a T x -+⎛⎫=-= ⎪⎝⎭5325C ()kkk a x--，所以2x -的系数为335C ()80a -=，所以2a =-．14．3220.50.5()()log ()(1)()log ()f x x ax x a x b x x a x b =-+-+=+-+，且210y x =+>恒成立，y x a =-在定义域上单调递增且零点为x a =，0.5(log )y x b =+在定义域上单调递减且零点为1x b =-，故y x a =-与0.5(log )y x b =+在定义域内函数值正负相反且零点重合，则11a b a b =-⇔+=，所以33a b +=≥．数学参考答案·第4页（共8页）四、解答题（共77分．解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤）15．（本小题满分13分）（1）证明：由2n n S a n =-可得，当1n =时，1121a a =-，解得11a =， …………………………………………………（2分） 当2n ≥时，112(1)n n S a n ++=-+， 所以111221n n n n n a S S a a +++=-=--，即121n n a a +=+， …………………………………………………………………………（4分） 所以11211211n n n n a a a a ++++==++为常数，且112a +=， 所以数列{1}n a +是以2为首项，2为公比的等比数列．………………………………………………………………………………………（6分） （2）由（1）得11222n n n a -+== ，则21n n a =-，………………………………………………………………………………………（7分） 所以1222n n n S a n n +=-=--，…………………………………………………………（9分） 所以23112(222)[34(2)]n n n T S S S n +=+++=+++-++++22242(32)5241222n n n n n n ++-+++=-=---． …………………………………………（13分） 16．（本小题满分15分） （1）证明：因为AB AD =，CB CD =，所以ABC ADC △≌△，所以ABO ADO △≌△．所以BO OD =，90AOB AOD ∠=∠=︒，所以AC BD ⊥．……………………………（3分） 因为AB AP BC PC AC AC ===，，，所以ABC APC △≌△． 因为BO AC ⊥，所以PO AC ⊥，又因为PO BD O = ，PO ⊂平面PBD ，BD ⊂平面PBD ，所以AC ⊥平面PBD ． …………………………………………………………………（6分）数学参考答案·第5页（共8页）（2）解：由（1）可知OB OC ⊥，因为5AB BC AC ===， 所以222AB BC AC +=，所以90ABC ∠=︒， 从而由等面积法，可知1025BO ==，由勾股定理，可知1AO ==，因为PB =222PB PO BO =+，所以PO OB ⊥．又因为PO AC ⊥，所以PO ⊥平面ABCD ．……………………………………………（8分） 以O 为原点，OB OC OP ，，所在直线分别为x y z ，，轴，建立如图2所示的空间直角坐标系，由（1）可知BO OD OP ==， 所以2OD OP ==，所以(002)P ，，，因为(200)(010)(200)(040)B A D C --，，，，，，，，，，，，………………………………………………………………………………………（10分） 因为点Q 为线段PC 的中点，所以(021)Q ，，，………………………………………（11分） 所以(221)(012)(202)BQ PA PD =-=--=--，，，，，，，，， 设平面PAD 的法向量为()n x y z =，，，则00PA n PD n ⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩，，令1z =-，解得12x y ==，，所以平面PAD 的法向量为(121)n =-，，，……………………………………………（13分） 设直线BQ 与平面PAD 所成角为θ，则||sin |cos |||||18n BQ n BQ n BQ θ〉=〈===，， 所以直线BQ 与平面PAD15分） 图2数学参考答案·第6页（共8页）17．（本小题满分15分）解：（1）由题意得()f x 的定义域为(0)+∞，，11()ax f x a x x='-=-………………………………………………………………………………………（2分） 当0(0)a x ∈+∞≤，，时，()0f x '<，所以()f x 在区间(0)+∞，内单调递减； 当0a >时，令()0f x '=，得1x a=， 当10x a ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭，时，()0()f x f x <'，单调递减；当1x a ⎛⎫∈+∞ ⎪⎝⎭，时，()0()f x f x >'，单调递增．综上，当0a ≤时，()f x 在区间(0)+∞，内单调递减；………………………………（4分） 当0a >时，()f x 在10a ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，上单调递减，在1a ⎛⎫+∞ ⎪⎝⎭，上单调递增．………………（6分）（2）当1a =时，由2e ()x k x f x x -≤，得2e ln x k xx x x--≤， 整理得22e ln xk x x x x +-≥，即2ln 2e xx x x xk +-≥．……………………………………（8分）令2ln ()exx x x xh x +-=， 则22(21ln 1)e (ln )e (ln )(1)()(e )e x x x xx x x x x x x x x h x +---+---='=，……………………（10分）由（1）知，当1a =时，()ln f x x x =-的最小值为(1)10f =>，即ln 0x x ->恒成立， …………………………………………………………………（11分）所以当(01)x ∈，时，()0()h x h x >'，单调递增；当(1)x ∈+∞，时，()0()h x h x <'，单调递减．…………………………………………（13分） 故当1x =时，()h x 取得最大值2(1)e h =，即22ek ≥， 故k 的取值范围为1e ⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭，．…………………………………………………………（15分）18．（本小题满分17分）解：（1）记甲同学先投3分球，投篮2次就终止投篮的事件为A ， 11111()11.52522p A ⎛⎫⎛⎫=⨯+-⨯-= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭………………………………………………………………………………………（4分）数学参考答案·第7页（共8页）（2）记甲同学先投3分球通过测试的概率为1p ，则1111111117115252252220p ⎛⎫⎛⎫=⨯+⨯-⨯+-⨯⨯= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭；…………………………………（7分）记甲同学先投2分球通过测试的概率为2p ， 则2111111117112222220255p ⎛⎫⎛⎫=⨯+-⨯⨯+⨯-⨯= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭； 因为12p p =，故甲同学先投2分或先投3分是一样的．……………………………（10分） （3）记甲同学先投3分球投篮累计得分为X ，先投2分球投篮累计得分为Y ，X 可能取0，2，3，4，5，………………………………………………………………（11分） 412(0)525P X ==⨯=，411(2)51225P X ==⨯⨯=， 1111(3)52220P X ==⨯⨯=，411(4)51225P X ==⨯⨯=，111113(5)5252220P X ==⨯+⨯⨯=，1113()2345 2.1520520E X =⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=．……………………………………………（14分）Y 可能取0，2，4，5， 111(0)224P Y ==⨯=，121142(2)C 2255P Y ==⨯⨯⨯=， 111(4)224P Y ==⨯=，121111(5)C 22510P Y ==⨯⨯⨯=， 21123()245 2.1541010E Y =⨯+⨯+⨯=>． 故甲同学先投2分球投篮累计得分期望最大． ………………………………………（17分） 19．（本小题满分17分）解：（1）因为点P 在椭圆C 上，PF x ⊥轴，且||1PF =，故0)F ，所以P的坐标为1)， 所以222112a a +=-，解得24a =，2a =．……………………………………………（4分） （2）由（1）知椭圆C 的方程为22142x y +=，设动点00()M x y ，，则2200142x y +=，所以220022x y =-，………………………………（5分）故||||2MF x==-，…………………………………………（7分）|||MN x=-，………………………………………………………………………（9分）所以||||2MFMN=．………………………………………………………………………（10分）（3）不妨设AFB∠γ=，ABF△的外接圆半径为R，则由正弦定理||||||2sin sin sinAF BF ABRαβγ===，所以||2sin||2sin||2sinAF R BF R AB Rαβγ===，，．…………………………………（12分）如图3，过A B，分别作直线x=D E，，过B作BG AD⊥于点G，由（2）的结论可得||||||||AF BFAD BE==所以||||(||||)2AF BF AD BE-=-，即2sin2sin||2R R AGαβ-=，所以||(sin sin)AGαβ=-，………………………………………………………（14分）又2ABk=，得tan2BAG∠=，则||cos||3AGBAGAB=∠=，即(sin sin)2sin3Rαβγ-=，…………………………（16分）所以sin sinαβγ-=，当且仅当π2γ=时等号，所以sin sinαβ-的最大值为3．……………………………………………………（17分）图3数学参考答案·第8页（共8页）。
大学英语全文翻译
大学英语全文翻译-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1P137 EX51.只要你做好准备，面试时你就会充满自信。
You will be full of confidence during the interview as long as you are well prepared.2. 这家商店向顾客允诺绝不卖假货，而且它确实做到了。
The shop promised its customers that it would never sell fake goods, and sure enough it did so.3. 由于他努力工作，最近他被提升为部门经理。
Because he is working hard, he has been promoted to the position of department manager.4. 他受到大家的尊重，因为他有很强的正义感。
He is respected by others because he has a strong sense of justice.5. 汤姆叔叔在病中，所以我们现在不想让他知道这个消息。
Because Uncle Tom is ill, we don’t want to let him in on the news right now.6.一个好的上司应当鼓励他的助手坦率地发表意见。
A good boss should encourage his assistants to be outspoken in expressing their opinions.Unit 8 Passage 1在我离家上大学时，父亲给了我一个忠告：“你选学什么课程无关紧要，要紧的是找好的教授。
”确实，我很快就发现，只要是好老师讲课，所有课程对我来说都会变得趣味无穷。
在温斯坦教授的课上，我可以听到法国革命时期死囚车在巴黎街道上滚滚而过。
暨南大学研究生英语读写译答案【范本模板】
《研究生英语读写译教程》练习参考答案及参考译文注意：《研究生英语读写译教程》第二次印刷做了以下更改：1 PP95倒数第四行的edi f ion 改成edition；并将练习全部移至第96页2 PP87 省略法第一句话去掉，改为:省略是指在翻译时按意义、修辞和句法等方面的需要省略或减少部分词语使译文更加精炼、更符合汉语的表达习惯。
去掉（一）中的第二个例句，用下句替换：John had many wonderful ideas, but he only put a few into practice.约翰有很多好想法，但是只有少数付诸实践.3 PP97 将LEAD-IN QUESTION部分4A换成下句:Science is nothing but developed perception, interpreted intent, common sense rounded out and minutely articulated. （George Santayana)参考译文：科学只不过是发展了的知觉（科學只不過是深化了的洞悉），经过诠释的含义，经过整理、表达详细的常识.4 PP106 Comprehension第一题中的"humanity"改为“the humanities“第一部分：各课练习答案UNIT ONE STAY HUNGRY。
STAY FOOLISH。
COMPREHENSION1 He dropped out of Reed College because he did not see the value of it. (The answer to the second part of the question is open。
）2 Life was tough –he slept on the floor in friends’ rooms，he returned coke bottles and he walked 7 miles to get one good free meal…3 He cited the example to demonstrate that what he had learned in his calligraphy class worked when designing the first Macintosh computer。
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1. Poetry Translation
Sudden Light
闪光
Dante Gabriel Rossetti
但丁
I have been here before,
But when or how I cannot tell:
I know the grass beyond the door,
The sweet keen smell,
The sighing sound, the lights around the shore.
似曾浪迹此邦，
何故何年费思量。
但记槛外芳草绿，
犹吐旧时香。
涛声如泣，岸崖灯火迷离。
You have been mine before,—
How long ago I may not know:
But just when at that swallow’s soar
Your neck turned so,
Some veil did fall, I knew it all of yore.
似曾心头长驻，
苦失当时路。
飞燕蓦然犹凌空，
顾盼尔回首，
披巾飘落：往事遽尔已如风。
Has this been thus before?
And shall not thus time’s eddying flight
Still with our lives our loves restore
In death’s despite,
And day and night yield one delight once more?
幻耶真耶旧时景，
凭谁问：
荏苒如梭几度春？
伶仃苦自伤；
何日追离魂：
舍却此生诉衷肠。
2. Passage Translation
Translate the following passage (150 words) :
For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbors’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return and neighbors who barter their skills and labor. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense of self?
对于我的几个儿子来说，乡下有新鲜的蔬菜吃，有鱼钓，可以去邻家花园赏赏花、瞧瞧，还可以去人家的果园里摘点儿瓜果。
忙不过来的时候，有人会帮忙看看孩子，改天儿我儿媳也会帮人家看看孩子；人们常常互相帮助，干些自己擅长的活计。
除此之外，那份安宁，那份自在，又岂是可以简简单单算计得了的？
I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meanness in small places that exists in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups—when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us”.
我并不想把小地方的生活理想化。
有时，外面的东西也会闹腾进来。
比如，汽油涨价啊，开发商瞄上了哪快农田啊。
咱们这儿有举止残暴的家伙，也有言行偏执的人，大城市有的恶习怪癖和卑鄙行径这儿都有。
而且，我们不能自欺欺人，认为这些下作的东西只是小镇上别的地方才有，或只是外乡人的怪诞举止；我们不得不承认：这些就是我们自己身上的存在的东西。
这样，我们就不能对这些缺陷视而不见了。