课件被动语态2次修改篇
负责人审核签字:Step one :Review the last lessonStep two :Begin the new lesson被动语态一、引入1,笑话引入先给学生讲一个故事:有位科学家到南极考察,碰到一群企鹅,于是他问其中一个:你每天都干什么呀?那企鹅说:吃饭、睡觉、打豆豆。
他又问另外一只企鹅:你每天都干什么呀?那企鹅也说:吃饭、睡觉、打豆豆。
他问了很多企鹅,大家都说:吃饭、睡觉、打豆豆。
后来他遇到了一只小企鹅,很可爱的样子,就问道:小朋友,你每天都干什么呀?小企鹅说:吃饭、睡觉。
科学家一愣,随即问道:你怎么不打豆豆啊?小企鹅说:因为我就是豆豆。
今天我们要讲一个新的时态——被动语态,而豆豆就是我们本节课的主角。
正如汉语中的被字句,英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。
英语中有两种语态:主动语态(动作的执行者)和被动语态(动作的承受者)。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
2.主动语态变被动语态的步骤(1),找宾语——动作的承受者(2),判断宾语单复数——be动词单复数(3),谓语动词的时态---be动词的时态(4),修饰谓语动词的时态——原句的动词改为过去分词(5),修改原句的主语——by+主语/宾语(可以省略)主动语态:Someone always beats Doudou.(动作的发出者是someone 动作的承受者是Doudou)被动语态:1, 豆豆总是被打。
Doudou is always beaten by someone.2,昨晚夜黑风高,豆豆又被打了。
Doudou was beaten again yesterday evening.3,(明天豆豆还会面临N顿暴打),可怜的豆豆啊!Doudou will be beaten again tomorrow.4,可怜的(豆豆已经被打很多年),命运一直没被改变。
Doudou has been beaten for many years5,我们亲爱的豆豆现在干嘛?不用问,一定(正在被打)。
Doudou is being beaten now.6,为什么我这么确定他现在正在被打?因为听说(昨天这个时候他正在被打)。
Doudou was being beaten at this time yesterday.7,(随时可能被打)的豆豆啊,谁来救救他啊?Doudou may be beaten anytime.再次总结主动变被动的结构,并总结被动语态的构成。
二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
被动语态的结构一般以“be动词+done”为主,指主语是动作的承受者时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时 am/is/are(do) am/is/are+done一般过去时 was/were(did) was/were+done一般将来时 will do will be+done现在进行时 am/is/are+doing am/is/are+being+done过去进行时 was/were+doing was/were+being+done现在完成时 has/have+done has/have+been+done过去完成时 had+done had+been+done过去将来时 would do/was/were going to do would be done/was/were going to be done 含情态动词 can/may/must+do can/may/must+be+doneps(例句中未呈现的过去进行时和过去完成时我们可以根据现在进行时和现在完成时对比总结出来)三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
如:some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
(不知道电脑是谁偷的)This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。
(没有必要或说出出版者)(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。
如:The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。
四、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.(1)时态保持一致。
I have repaired my computer.---My computer has been repaired.(2)谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him.He is often looked after by his best friend.(3)主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。
动词make/buy//get用for;动词give//send/lend/take用to)Lily gave me a book. (双宾语,人间物直, me为间接宾语,a book 为直接宾语)-- I was given a book by Lily--A book was given to me by Lily.(直接宾语提前时,要在间接宾语前加介词)(4)主动语态若有复合宾语,(即句子结构为主+及物动词+宾+宾补),将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语,宾补不变。
They call him Amy. --He is called Amy.(5)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.(6)主动语态句中动词make, have, let(使sb做sth), notice. see. watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel等变成被动语态时,后面的不定式需要加上to.Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes. --He was made to wash the dishes. (7)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。
其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.(8)非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
例I don't like being laughed at in the public.(9)It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.”。
有:It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道,It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is well known that…众所周知,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议。
例:It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.(=The boy is said to have passed the national exam. )五、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1、(1).英语中有很多动词如 break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
例 This kind of cloth washes well.注意:主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较:The door won't lock.(指门本身有毛病)The door won't be locked.(指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)(2)表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,如:happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?(3)系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
例Your reason sounds reasonable2、在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。
(1)在need,want,require, bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。
(2)形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)(3)动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. (to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系。
)试比较:I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。
)(4)在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。
初三被动语态专题讲解ppt课件
let (让) let let preuatd((放读)) repaudt/red/purtead /red/ set (放置 ) set set shut (关闭) shut shut
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二、 AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat (跳动) beat beaten
三、 ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
study—studied carry—carried
try—tried
worry—worried
4:末尾只有一个辅音的重读闭音节,先双写该辅音字 母,再加-ed.( fix的过去式和过去分词x不双写,为fixed. )
stop—stopped plan—planned
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中考英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词 归类表
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一、 英语动词有两种语态:
主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态 (the Passive Voice)
A. 当主语为动作的执行者时,谓语的形式为主动语态。
Many people speak English.
B. 当主语为动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态
English is spoken by many people.
learn (学习) learnt / learned learnt / learned
light (点燃) lit/lighted
lit / lighted
smell (嗅;闻) smelt / smelled smelt / smelled
speed (加速) sped/speeded sped / speeded
情态动词:
S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去 分词
《被动语态》PPT课件
疑问形式
Have/Has + 主语 + been + 动词过 去分词 + 其他
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句
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特殊情况下的被动语态应用
带情态动词的被动语态
情态动词+be+过去分词
表示对现在或将来的被动动作,如“The work must be finished by tomorrow.”(这项工作必须在明天之前完成)。
在被动语态中,谓语动词要与主语保持一致。当主语是单数第
三人称时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
时态错误问题
错误示例
The house has been built last year.
纠正方法
将has been built改为was built ,即The house was built last
year.
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改错
The book sells well.(去掉is selling ,改为一般现在时)
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改错
The house has been being built for two years.(将is being built改为has been being built,表示持续进行的动作)
答案及解析
一般过去时表示过去某一时间发生的动作。 • 去掉is selling,改为一般现在时。因为sell可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时表示卖的
具体动作,其主语是人;用作不及物动词时表示主语的特征或状态,其主语通常是物。此处表达的是书的特点 ,应该用一般现在时的主动语态。 • 将is being built改为has been being built。因为时间状语now for two years表示到目前为止已经持续了两 年的动作,所以应该用现在完成进行时的被动语态。
《英语被动语态复习》PPT课件
8.Must we finish our work today?
_M_u_s_t___ our work__b_e___ _fi_n_is_h_e_d_ today?
h
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8. 被动与系表结构的区别 Eg. The glass was broken by my son.(动作)
The glass was broken(状态) Eg. He was much excited by the news.
He was very excited.
h
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Exercises
_I_sn_’_t___ the street _c_le_a_n_e_d___ by Bob
every day?
h
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20.What can they do to finish the work on time?
_W__h_a_t___ __c_a_n___ ___b_e___ _d_o_n_e___ by them to finish the work?
13.You must take this medicine
three times a day.
This medicine __m__u_s_t_ _b_e_____
_t_a_k_e_n___ three timh es a day.
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14.The students in this school study German.
4.I told her to return the book in time.
被动语态超全ppt课件
Must be being done(肯定),can't be being done(否定),may be being done(可能)。
情态动词+have been+过去分词
要点一
表示对过去某一时间以前已经完成 的动作或存在的状态的推测
Must have been done(肯定),can't have been done (否定),may have been done(可能)。
省略施事者情况
省略条件
当施事者不言自明或无需特别强调时,可以省略 by短语及施事者。
省略后句子结构
省略施事者后,句子仍然保持被动语态的形式, 但更加简洁。
示例
The house was built in 1900.(这所房子建于 1900年。)
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被动语态在句子中位置及 功能
主语位置及功能
被动语态作主语时, 表示句子中的动作或 状态的承受者。
要点二
表示对过去某一时间到说话时为止 的一段时间内发生的动作或…
Must have been doing(肯定),can't have been doing (否定),may have been doing(可能)。
特殊疑问句和否定句形式
特殊疑问句形式
特殊疑问词+情态动词+be+过去分词。 例如:When must this work be finished? 这项工作应该什么时候完成?
一般过去时
肯定句结构
主语 + was/were + 动词过去分 词 + 其他成分
否定句结构
主语 + was/were + not + 动词过 去分词 + 其他成分
英语被动语态PPT课件
一般现在时 V.(原形)/ V.(e)s
一般过去时 V.-ed/ made
一般将来时 will +V.(原形)
含情态动词 情态动词+
V.(原形)
主动语态变被动语态口诀:
宾语提前主语变, 原主变宾by后见, 时态人称be关键。
5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. was _______ made _______ to He ______ have only two meals a day. _______ 6.Now people can to help them. use computers
(变被动语态)
1.People use knives for cutting things. are used ______ for cutting Knives ______ things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. are cleaned The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a
3.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时:
S+ will+be+过去分词
4.Amy can take good care of Tina . Tina can be taken good care of Amy. 情态动词: S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分 词 by
九年级英语被动语态详解PPT课件
(一) 语 态 分 类
英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语 态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的 承受者。如:
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)
(五)主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1) My aunt invited me to her dinner party.
主语 谓语 宾语
→ I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.
主语 谓语
宾语
(2) The school set up a special class to help poor readers.
without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a
teacher. 2. 一般过去时:
They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten.
was / were +given
一般将来时:
shall / will + given
一般过去将来时:
公开课《被动语态》ppt课件
注意语言习惯
在转换语态时,要注意目标语言的表达习惯,确保译文自然流畅。
常见问题及注意事项
避免过度使用 虽然被动语态在某些情况下很有用,但过度使用会使文章 显得呆板乏味,因此要注意适度使用。
确保主语明确 在使用被动语态时,要确保主语明确,避免产生歧义或让 读者感到困惑。
含义
表示主语所承受的动作使 其处于某种状态或发生某 种变化。
例句
She was found lying on
the
ground
unconscious.(她被发现
躺在地上,不省人事。)
被动语态在写作和翻译中运用
05
策略
写作中如何恰当使用被动语态
选用恰当的动词
使用被动语态时,动词的 选择非常重要,要确保动 词能够准确表达句子的意 思。
注意时态和语态的一致 在使用被动语态时,要注意保持时态和语态的一致性,避 免出现语法错误。
06 总结回顾与拓展延伸
关键知识点总结
被动语态的构成 be动词+过去分词
被动语态的时态
一般现在时、一般过去 时、一般将来时、现在 进行时等
被动语态的用途
强调动作承受者、使语 句更客观、简洁等
特殊被动语态
带情态动词的被动语态、 带不定式的被动语态等
will be done,表示将来某个时间要发生的被动动作。
完成时与被动语态结合
现在完成进行时的被动语态
have/has been being done,表示“从过去一直持续到现在并 且还在被做”的动作。
过去完成进行时的被动语态
had been being done,表示“过去的过去一直持续到过去某个 时间并且还在被做”的动作。
被动语态精讲课件(修改版)
[1]. Now English ____ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken
一般现在时的被动语态: 主语+am / is / are + Vpp
[2]. The lost boy ____ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for
英语动词有两种语态: 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态 (the Passive Voice)
A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
We planted the tree.
B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
The tree was planted by us.
We
主语
to be washed / washing
做笔记:不用被动语态的动词:
1. 不及物动词(vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, disappear, open, close happened •A traffic accident _________(happen) just now. 2. 连系动词(Link.v.) 如:be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become…
•Peking Opera ________ sounds (sound) beautiful.
10.In warm weather, fruit and meat ____ long.
被动语态专项复习(修改)ppt
Grade 3
3. Mr Johnson's story ___ by everyone who heard it. (2003广州) A. Laughed at B. was laughed C. laughed D. was laughed at 4. Don't worry. All the children _____ by the nurses. (2002广州) A. are well taken care of B. take good care of C. are taken good care D. take good care 对短语动词被动语态的考核: 3. 短语动词"laugh at"变为被动语态时后面的介词"at"不能漏 掉. 4. 短语动词"take care of"变为被动语态时"of"也不能漏掉. 该考点常出现于完成句子当中,如: must be spoken to The old ________________ politely. 跟年长者讲话必须有礼貌.
被动语态的构成:
一般现在时—— am/is / are + V.ed 一般现在时 / 一般过去时—— was/were +V.ed 一般过去时 / 情态动词—— aux.v. (must/can…)+ be +V.ed 情态动词 / 现在进行时—— be (am,is,are) +being +V.ed 现在进行时 , , 过去进行时——be (was, were)+being +V.ed 过去进行时 一般将来时—— will /shall +be+V.ed 一般将来时 过去将来时——would/should +be+ V.ed 过去将来时 现在完成时—— have/has +been+V.ed 现在完成时 / 过去完成时——had + been+ V.ed 过去完成时
课堂 被动语态 修改课件
6.Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand ______ . A.feels so cold B.is felt so coldly C.feels so coldly D.feel so cold
3) 情态动词的被动语态:。
We can divide an atom. → An atom can be divided.
原子是可分的。 4) 有些动词主动语态形式表示被动语态如:
sell, wash, wear, cook, read, cut, burn,tear strike,shut close,lock,keep,dry,等。 The book sells well. 这本书畅销。 Silk wears well. 丝耐穿。 This cloth washes well. 这种布料耐洗。
注意:It is hoped that you will see him again. 不能说:You are hoped to see him again. 此类词还有:suggest,decide,imply(暗示) propose(提议) 6)get+过去分词 能与get构成被动语态的动词不多 Eg.He got paid by the hour.(=He was paid...) Our hour is getting painted.(=Our house is...) 有些已成为短语:get dressed, get lost, get married, get paid,get changed
c.I am to blame for the mistake. d.1.The picture is peasant to look at. 2.The problem seems difficult to settle. 3.The chair is comfortable to sit on.
