形容词作定语和表语时的位置

形容词作定语和表语时的位置
形容词作定语和表语时的位置

18 形容词作定语和表语时的位置

A上面(a)-(e)节里形容词出现在名词之前:

this book这本书

which boy哪个男孩

my dog我的狗

这种形容词叫定语形容词。

B表示质量的形容词既可以位于名词之前:

a rich man富翁

a happy girl快乐的女孩

也可以位于动词之后,如(a)中be(是),become(成为),seem(好像)之后:

Tom became rich.

汤姆变阔了。

Ann seems happy.

安看上去很高兴。

或(b)中appear(似乎是),feel(感觉/摸上去),get/grow(=be -come变成),keep(保持),look(=appear看),make(使),smell(闻起来),sound(听来),taste(尝起来),turn(变为)等之后:Tom felt cold.

汤姆感觉很冷。

He got/grew impatient.

他不耐烦了。

He made her happy.

他使她幸福。

The idea sounds interesting.

这个想法听起来很有趣。

可有这种用法的形容词叫表语形容词,而可有这种用法的动词叫连系动词或系动词。

C连系动词的注意事项(参见第169节)

在上面的B(b)项中存在一个问题,那就是:不把这些动词当做连系动词用时,它们可按通常方法被副词所修饰。常用副词代替形容词修饰连系动词的同学就是因为被这个问题搞混了。下面列举一些形容词和副词的说法,以便帮助区别它们的用法:

He looked calm(形容词).相当于:

He had a calm expression.

他看上去很冷静。

He looked calmly(副词)at the angry crowd.

他冷静地望着激怒的人群。(looked在这里是有意识的行动。)

She turned pale(形容词).相当于:

She became pale.

她脸色变白了。

He turned angrily(副词)to the man behind him.

他生气地转向站在他后面的那个男人。(turned在这里是有意识的行动。)

The soup tasted horrible(形容词).

汤的味道尝起来很糟。(汤的味道很糟。)

He tasted the soup suspiciously(副词)

他怀疑地尝着汤。(tasted是有意识的行动。)

D有些形容词或只能当修饰语用,或只能当表语用。有些则因句中位置不同而有不同的意思:

bad sailor晕船的人

good swimmer游泳好的人

big eater食量大的人

small farmer 小农场主

heavy drinker饮酒多的人,酒鬼

light sleeper睡眠易惊醒的人

old boy/friend/soldier校友(老同学)/老朋友/老兵(老资格)等当中的bad(坏的)/good(好的),big(大的)/small(小的),heavy(重的)/light(轻的)和old(旧的)当表语用时,其意思必有改变:a small farmer 是指拥有一个很小的农场的农场主,但是

The farmer is small是指这个农场主身材矮小。

在其他用法中,上面的形容词可放在名词之前,也可放在名词之后。(有关little小的、old老的及young年轻的,参见第19节B。)

chief(主要的),main(主要的),principal(首要的),sheer(真正的,全然的)及utter(绝对的,完全的)这些词要放在名词之前。frightened (惊恐的)可放在名词之前,也可放在名词之后,但afraid(害怕)和upset (心绪烦乱的)必须跟在动词后面。

adrift(飘浮着),afloat(飘着),alike(相同)(参见第21节G),alive(活着的),alone(单独),ashamed(感到羞耻),asleep(睡着了)等也必须放在动词后面。

early(早)和late(晚)的意思常要取决于它们所在的位置:anearly/a late train早班/晚班车,意思是火车的发车早晚是按时刻表安排所定的。The train is early/late(火车提前到了/来晚了)意思是火车比规定的时间到得早或晚。poor(穷)意为“没有足够的钱”时可位于名词之前,也可置于动词之后。poor意

为“不幸的,可怜的”时必须居名词之前。poor意为“柔弱的/不足的”时,位于名词student(学生),worker(工人)等之前,但是与无生命的名词连用时既可居于名词之前也可置于动词之后:

He has poor sight.

他的视力不好。

His sight is poor.

他的视力不好。

E and的用法

当名词前有两个或两上以上的形容词时,and主要用于表示颜色的场合中。这时and应放在最后一个形容词的前面:

a green and brown carpet一块绿棕色相间的地毯

a red,white and blue flag一面红、白、蓝三色旗

与表语形容词一起使用时and放在最后两个形容词之间:

The day was cold,wet and windy.

天气寒冷、潮湿而且有风。

过去分词作表语和定语是非谓语动词重要内容之一

过去分词作表语和定语是非谓语动词重要内容之一,也是高考重要考点,学习时应注意下列几点: 一、理清过去分词作表语和定语的最基本特点 过去分词作表语和定语常常表示被动的和完成的动作。 He used to belong to the exploited class. 过去他属于被剥削阶级。 The polluted river gives off a terrible smell. 这条被污染的河发出臭味。 典型考例: 1. Don't use words, expressions, or phrases ________ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known 析:D。此处并不是强调进行的、完成的或将来的动作,因此应填过去分词known 作定语。 2. The first textbooks ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 析:D。第一批课本是被写的,所以应填过去分词written作定语,表示完成的、被动的动作。 值得注意的是,有些过去分词(词组)因来自系表结构而不含被动色彩,如dressed like, dressed in, satisfied with, devoted to, tired of, born in, seated, pleased with, interested in, surprised at, prepared for, lost /absorbed in等。例如: Do you know the man seated on that stone? 你认识坐在那块石头上的那个人吗? Don't you know the girl dressed in a red skirt ? 你不认识穿红裙子的那个女孩吗? 典型考例:

过去分词作定语表语练习题(含答案)

过去分词专题练习 I ?分析下列划线部分的用法(过去分词做定语,表语以及被动) 1. The excited childre n are ope ning their Christmas prese nts. 2. This supermarketis now closed 3. The blackboardwas broken by Tom. 4. She had aworried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5. He looked in terested in the idea I put forward. 6. The mach in eproduced last yea(二 which were produced last year) are very expe nsive. n . Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1. The ani mal and pla nts that they found there were _________ (ast oni sh) 2. I was _________ (ast oni sh) to lear n that his long lost child had bee n found. 3. The __________ n ews made us ___________ .(disappoi nt) 4. The __________ mother went to visit Ein stei n. (puzzle) 5. Madame Curie foundhusband' d s ath ___________ .(shock) 6. I saw the boy very ___________ (excite) 7. _______ (en courage), the girl was determ ined to study harder and make greater progress. 8. Be brave. You look like a _________ bird (frighten)(惊弓之鸟) 9. The fierce lion looks _________ (frighte n). Keep away from its cage or it will attack you. 10. The look on her face was very __________ (con fuse). 川.Fill the form with V-ed 1. The book __________________ 一本农民写的书)is very popular. 2. The building ___________ 去年建的楼房)now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3. The problem __________________ 在昨天会议上讨论的)was very difficult to solve. 4. The window ________________________ 被那个顽皮男孩打破的)is being repaired 5. The children ______________________ 昨天在医院检查的)were seriously ill. 6. The people ________________ 暴露在阳光下的)got sun bur nt. 7. The boy _________________________ 受至U老师严厉惩罚的)is now a college student. 8. The water _________________________ 送到他家的水)carried disease. 9. The English today is quite different from the English _____________ (300年前所说的). 10. Most of the artists ________________ 被邀请去参加聚会的)were from South Africa. 11. The students _________________ 受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. IV .基础单选题 1. Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the _______ s oldiers. A. wound B. woun ded C. wounding D. being woun ded 2. Lily seems very much ________ in the magazine, but I think it 'tc s expensive. A. i nterested B. i nteresti ng C. to in terest D. to be in terest ing 3. All the passe ngers should remain ______ whe n the pla ne is maki ng a landing.

过去分词作定语和表语

M5 u1 Grammar Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative Learning aims: Understand the usages of Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative Important point: using Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative Learning guidance: 阅读课本第5 页内容,自学《南方新课堂》,完成预习案 [知识梳理]过去分词作定语和表语 1.过去分词概述:动词的过去分词也称为动词的ed形式,是非谓语动词形式之一。过去分词只强调被动 和完成的意义。

【合作探究】专题训练 Ⅰ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The ____________ (steal)bike was ____________(find) by the police yesterday. 2.The student ____________(dress) in white is my daughter. 3.The novel ____________(write) by him is very popular with the students. 4.The electric wire is __________(break). 5.He became ____________(discourage) at the failure of the exam. 6.He is an ____________ (honour) teacher and we all like to attend his class. 7.The ______________(pollute) river should be protected from pollution. 8.The building ____________(build) now is our classroom building. 9.When we heard of the news,we were deeply ____________(move). 10.They were ____________(frighten) to hear the ____________(frighten) sound. Ⅱ.补全句子 1.一座桥把这个岛屿与大陆连接起来,这个岛屿很容易过去。 The island,________________________________________________________________, is easy to go to. 2.从烹饪锅中救出的珍稀鱼已经被放回到了海里。 The rare fish,___________________________________________,has been returned to the sea. 3.于1911年创立的清华大学培育出了很多杰出而优秀的人物。 Tsinghua University,_______________________________________________,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 4.预计从全国挑选出来的队员在今年夏天的比赛中会给我们带来荣誉。 The players_____________________________________________________ are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 5.在四月份,成千上万的度假者因为火山灰云而滞留在国外。 In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained ___________________________________ due to the volcanic ash cloud. 6.怀特太太给她的学生们看一些从图书馆里借来的旧地图。 Mrs.White showed her students some old maps ______________________________________. 7.我打电话的目的是询问一下刊登在昨日的《中国日报》上的职位的问题。

高二英语必修三语法知识点:过去分词做定语表语

精心整理高二英语必修三语法知识点:过去分词做定语表语 1.Englishisawidelyusedlanguage. 2.Hethrewawaythebrokencup. anorganizedway =awaythatisorganized affectedarea灾区

=theareawhichisaffected stolenculturerelics =culturerelicsthathadbeenstolen thebookrecommendedbytheteacher 语 2.reservedseats2.seatsthatarereserved 3.pollutedwater3.waterthatispolluted 4.acrowdedroom4.aroomthatiscrowded 5.apleasedwinner5.awinnerthatispleased

6.Astonishedchildren6.childrenwholookastonished 7.abrokenvase7.avasethatisbroken 8.acloseddoor8.adoorthatisclosed 9.thetiredaudience9.theaudiencewhofeeltired 有许 及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性,只表示被动关系。 pollutedwater =waterwhichispolluted

reservedseats =theseatswhichwerereserved trappedanimal =theanimalwhichwastrapped Thebooks,writtenbyGuoJingming,areverypopularwithteenagers.这些书是郭敬明写的,深受青少年的喜爱。 Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBe ijing.他们中的一些人,在农村出生并长大,从没过北京.

过去分词作定语与表语

概念引入 今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。先看下面这些句子: 1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. (inspired过去分词作表语;exposed过去分词作定语) 2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. (terrified过去分词作定语) 3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. (interested 过去分词作表语) 4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. (affected过去分词作定语) 5. He was determined to find out why. (determined过去分词作表语) 6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. (polluted过去分词作定语) 上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词,句1(inspired)、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语;而句1(exposed)、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词,作定语。那么过去分词是什么?有什么作用?我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。 用法讲解 过去分词的作用 英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为:不定式(to do)、动词-ing形式(doing)和过去分词(done)。 动词-ing形式可分为现在分词和动名词:现在分词强调动作,如a sleeping boy中的sleeping强调“睡觉”这一动作,而且此动作正在进行,与所修饰词boy有逻辑上的主谓关系(即sleeping的动作是boy做的),因此是现在分词作定语;而a sleeping bag中的sleeping强调功能,表示“用来睡觉的”,是动名词作定语。 过去分词多表示动作的被动和完成,但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被 动”意义。 本单元主要学习过去分词作表语和定语。 1. 与助动词一起构成谓语:

过去分词作定语表语练习题(含答案)

过去分词专题练习 Ⅰ.分析下列划线部分的用法(过去分词做定语,表语以及被动) 1. The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 2. This supermarket is now closed. 3. The blackboard was broken by Tom. 4. She had a worried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5. He looked interested in the idea I put forward. 6. The machine produced last year(= which were produced last year) are very expensive. Ⅱ. Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1. The animal and plants that they found there were ___________ (astonish) 2. I was___________(astonish) to learn that his long lost child had been found. 3. The ___________ news made us ___________.(disappoint) 4. The ___________ mother went to visit Einstein. (puzzle) 5. Madame Curie found husband’s death ___________ .(shock) 6. I saw the boy very ___________ (excite) 7. _________(encourage), the girl was determined to study harder and make greater progress. 8. Be brave. You look like a___________ bird (frighten)(惊弓之鸟) 9. The fierce lion looks __________(frighten). Keep away from its cage or it will attack you. 10. The look on her face was very ___________ (confuse) . Ⅲ. Fill the form with V-ed 1. The book ___________________ (一本农民写的书) is very popular. 2. The building _____________(去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3. The problem ____________________(在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve. 4. The window _________________________(被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired 5. The children ________________________(昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill. 6. The people _________________(暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt. 7. The boy __________________________(受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student. 8. The water ___________________________(送到他家的水) carried disease. 9. The English today is quite different from the English ______________(300年前所说的). 10. Most of the artists_________________ (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa. 11. The students ___________________(受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. Ⅳ. 基础单选题 1. Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the _______soldiers. A. wound B. wounded C. wounding D. being wounded 2. Lily seems very much___________ in the magazine, but I think it’s too expensive. A. interested B. interesting C. to interest D. to be interesting 3. All the passengers should remain___________ when the plane is making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. to be seating D. seated 4. After her journey from Australia, Sophie Armstrong returned home, ___________ A. being exhausted B. exhausting C. exhausted D. having exhausted

过去分词作定语表语练习题(含答案)

过去分词作定语表语练习题(含答案)

过去分词专题练习 Ⅰ.分析下列划线部分的用法(过去分词做定语,表语以及被动) 1. The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 2. This supermarket is now closed. 3. The blackboard was broken by Tom. 4. She had a worried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5. He looked interested in the idea I put forward. 6. The machine produced last year(= which were produced last year) are very expensive. Ⅱ. Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1. The animal and plants that they found there were ___________ (astonish) 2. I was___________(astonish) to learn that his long lost child had been found. 3. The ___________ news made us ___________.(disappoint) 4. The ___________ mother went to visit Einstein. (puzzle) 5. Madame Curie found husband’s death ___________ .(shock) 6. I saw the boy very ___________ (excite) 7. _________(encourage), the girl was determined to study harder and make greater pro gress. 8. Be brave. You look like a___________ bird (frighten)(惊弓之鸟) 9. The fierce lion looks __________(frighten). Keep away from its cage or it will attack y ou. 10. The look on her face was very ___________ (confuse) . Ⅲ. Fill the form with V-ed 1. The book ___________________ (一本农民写的书) is very popular. 2. The building _____________(去年建的楼 房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3. The problem ____________________(在昨天会议上讨论 的) was very difficult to solve. 4. The window _________________________(被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired 5. The children ________________________(昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill. 6. The people _________________(暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt. 7. The boy __________________________(受到老师严厉惩罚 的) is now a college student. 8. The water ___________________________(送到他家的水) carried disease. 9. The English today is quite different from the English ______________(300年前所说的). 10. Most of the artists_________________ (被邀请去参加聚会 的) were from South Africa. 11. The students ___________________(受到老师鼓舞 的)worked harder than ever before.

过去分词做定语和表语练习题

1.< 2.The first textbooks_____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 2. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ____ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating. 3. See the_____ leaves on the ground, the ____ man knew fall was coming. A. falling; drunken B. fallen; drinking C. fallen; drunken D. falling; drinking 4. — I’m very ____ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.— Mm. It does have a ____ smell. { A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant 5. Prices of daily goods___ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 6. ____ and guilty, Maggie put the book back on the shelf. A. Frightened B. Frightening C. Being frightened D. To be frightened 7. His ability____ in those years was praised by all of us. A. showing B. be showing C. shown D. was shown 8. There is a big dog____ to a fence outside the house. 《 A. tying B. tied C. to tie D. ties 9. That is the only way we can imagine ____ the over use of water I students’bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduces 10. Mr. Smith, _____ of the _____ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; boring C. tiring; bored D. tired; bored. 【高考链接】从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. ______ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. A. Seen B. Seeing 【 C. Having seen D. To see 2. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ______ regularly, can improve our health. A. being carried out B. carrying out

过去分词作定语表语练习题(可编辑修改word版)

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