英文经典翻译 考试句式
Progressive Translation
Review-转译、分译
?He was a clever man; a pleasant companion; a careless student; with a great propensity(倾向) for running into debt, and a partiality （偏爱）for the tavern.
?Any book produced, no matter how well written, which can be classed with the productions of a dead school by its thought and feeling, will soon be forgotten.
?他是个聪明人，谈吐非常风趣，可是学习又不肯用苦功，他老是东挪西借，又喜欢上酒店喝酒。
?任何书不管写得多么完美，只要思想和感情属于过时的旧派产物，都会很快被人们遗忘。
The Techniques in English to Chinese Translation
?正反译法/正说反译、反说正译法(n e g a t i o n)
?英语的否定表达是一个常见而又比较复杂的问题。有的英语句子形式上是否定的而实质上肯定的，有的形式上是肯定的而实质上是否定的。有鉴于此，英译汉时应特别注意两点：?一是正说反译，即英语里的有些正面表达的词语或句子，汉译时可以从反面来表达。
?二是反说正译，即英语里的有些反面表达的词语或句子，汉译时可以从正面来表达。
Some examples about negation
?He is not a fool.
?He is no a fool.
?他不是傻瓜。
?他一点也不傻。（他很精明。）
?It is not an easy task.
?It is no easy task.
?这不是件容易的事。
?这可不是轻而易举的事。
?It is not a joke.
?It is no joke.
?这不是笑话。
?这决不是开玩笑的事。（这是件正经事。）
?I don’t think he’ll come.
?I don’t suppose it’s true.
?我想他不会来。
?我想这不是真的。
正说反译
?有些动词诸如：refuse, lack, defy, forbid, stop, ignore, differ, keep, reject, refrain 等须用此译法。
?To preserve the fiction，she refrained from scolding her child until the guests left.
?为了不漏破绽，她强忍着不责骂孩子，直到客人们纷纷离开。
?The first bombs missed the target.
?第一批炸弹没有击中目标。
?Such a chance was denied me.
?我没有得到这样一个机会。
?This failure was the making of him.
?这次不成功是他成功的基础。
?某些名词诸如：defiance, denial, exclusion, freedom, refusal, loss 等也用此种方法翻译。
?Shortness of time has required the omission of some states.
?由于时间不够，没能访问某些国家。
?A lack of awareness of cultural differences or local customs can create problems.
?不注意文化差异或当地风俗可能会产生问题。
形容词
?The explanation is pretty thin.
?这个解释是相当不充实的。
?His refusal is not final.
?他的拒绝不是不可改变的。
?He would be the last man to say such things.
?他绝不可能说这种话。
副词
?We may safely say so.
?我们这样说万无一失。（错不了）
?A: the boy is quite clever.
?B: exactly.
?甲：这孩子很聪明。
?乙：一点不错。
?This problem is above me. (介词)
?这个问题我不懂。
?I will not go unless I hear from him. （连词）
?如果他不通知我，我就不去。
?We believe that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust.
（形容词词组）
?我们相信，年青一代将不会辜负我们的信任。
?When Philip missed the last bus, he was at a loss to know what to do. （介词词组）
?菲力普误了最后一班汽车，茫然不知该怎么办。
反说正译
?The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanations.
?虽经他一再解释，疑团仍然存在。
?How she longed to unsay her tactless words!
?她多么希望收回她那些不得体的话啊！
?He carelessly glanced through the note and got away.
?他马马虎虎地看了看那张便条就走了。
?The sea was, unfortunately, very rough that day.
?可惜，那天的还浪很大。
?He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.
?他这个人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常。
?All the articles are untouchable in the museum.
?博物馆内一切展品禁止触摸。
?It was said that someone had sown discord among them.
?据说有人在他们中间搞挑拨离间。
?Don’t lose time in posting this letter.
?赶快把这封信寄出去。
双重否定
?英语的双重否定应译为肯定句，它是一种特殊的强调句型。
?There is no grammatical rule than has no exception.
?任何语法规则都有例外。
?It never rains but pours.
?不雨则已，下雨倾盆。
?There is no story without coincidence.
?无巧不成书。
不能望文生义
?I couldn’t agree more.
?我太赞同你的看法了。
?You cannot be too careful in proofreading.
?校对时，越仔细越好。
?All that glitters is not gold.
?发光的并不一定都是金子。
要注意正说和反说的语体变化。
?禁止张贴
?Poster Forbidden [formal]
?No Posters, please [informal]
?的的确确
?Indeed[informal]
?It is beyond doubt that [formal]
Translation practice
?正话反说
?1. Reading is far from the only source of knowledge.
?2. ―I love you,‖ she said.‖So do I,‖ I replied, shunning the use of that powerful and dangerous statement.
?3.Prof. White said he still hoped to be the first one to complete the first human head transplant, but admitted his age was working against him.
?1.阅读远非知识的唯一来源。
?2. ―我爱你‖，她说。―我也是‖，我答道，尽量不用那句铿锵有力而又十分危险的话语。
?3.怀特教授说，他仍然希望自己是第一个完成首例人类头颅移植手术的人，但他同时也承认，自己毕竟已入暮年，未免
力不从心。
?反话正说
?1. He is no coward.
?2. A book may be compared to your neighbor; if it is good, it can not last too long; if bad, you cannot get rid of it too early.
?3. It’s beyond doubt that China has made brilliant achievements in space exploration in the last forty years.
?1.他是非常勇敢的。
?2. 一本书可以比作邻居；如果是好的，结识愈久愈好；如果是坏的，分手愈早愈好。
?3. 毋庸置疑，中国的航空事业在过去的四十年中已取得了辉煌的成就。
?Please do exercises on pages 228
Progressive Translation
英译汉的技巧—语态转换法change of voices Chinese passive v.s. English passive
?英语被动语态使用频繁，尤其在科技文献、政论文章、新闻报道中使用更多。汉语很少使用被动语态，即使使用，也不象英语那样有固定的构成形式。
?The numerical data concerned are provided in the 2nd Chapter.
?第二章提供了有关的数据资料.
?A triangle is defined as a plane figure with three sides and three angles.
?―三角形‖的定义是有三条边和三个角的平面图形.
2. 汉语被动主要表达的是对主语不太好的事情。而英语则是表示一种客观公正的色彩。
He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.
他出现在台上，观众报以热烈的掌声。
3. 汉语的被动语态没有英语使用的频繁，但是被动的意义可以用很多形式来表达。
一：英语被动句译成汉语的被动句
1（带―被‖，―给‖，―加以‖，―受‖等被动指示词），
2 不带―被‖的被动句（被动意义很明显的时候）
At the end of the year she was fired for incompetence.
（p239）
年底，她因无能被解雇了。
That schoolgirl was knocked down by a bus when she was crossing the street. (p240)
那名女生在过街的时候让（给/被）一辆公共汽车给撞倒了。
2. Production costs have been greatly reduced. (p.239)
生产成本已经（被）大大降低了。
Practice
The visitor was flattered and impressed.
The final decision must be held open for the President. He was released immediately after his father paid the bail.
Practice
The visitor was flattered and impressed.
这位客人受宠若惊，深为感动。
The final decision must be held open for the President.
最后的决定必须由总统来做。
He was released immediately after his father paid the bail.
他父亲交了保释金后他立即获释。
英语被动句翻译成汉语主动句
1. 把原文中的一部分在译文中做主语。
Yet in that country the car was never produced.（p241）
然而，那个国家却从未生产过汽车。
2. 把原文的施动者移到前面当主语。
The enemy was soon destroyed by us.
我们很快消灭了敌人。(p242)
3. 翻译成无主句。（原文没有出现施动者）
A pistol had been found close to the murdered woman.(p242) 在被害女人的旁边发现了一把手枪。（p242）
3（原文没有出现施动者）
A pistol had been found close to the murdered woman.(p242) 在被害女人的旁边发现了一把手枪。（p242）
Shakespeare is known to be one of the most famous playwrights in British history.（p.243）
大家知道，莎士比亚是英国历史上最伟大的剧作家之一。
It is suggested, it is admitted….
类似结构也需要增补主语。一般译成―有人，大家建议…‖(详见p.244)
（*这类结构常出现在科技文章中。）
**注意一些固定短语被动语态的翻译。(p.243(三))
Attention must be paid to the well-being of laid-off workers. 应该注意下岗工人的福利。
Efforts must be made to speed up economic development. 应该努力加速经济发展。
二：词序调整法
在英汉翻译中，把原文的某种词序在译文中变换成另一种词序的方法叫做词序调整法。
e.g. He saw hope in the bigger presence of young people at the conference.
出席大会的年轻人数量增加，这使他看到了希望。(主语翻译成为宾语)
They played chess in high spirits at the club yesterday.
他们昨天在俱乐部高兴地下棋。(状语前置)
宾语词序的调整
1.有些后面跟上双宾语的动词，在翻译过程中可能需要调整间接宾语的位置。
He bought me a birthday present.
他为我买了一件生日礼物。
Professor Wang recommended us a very useful English dictionary.
王教授给我们推荐了一本很有用的辞典。
?2.有些英语动词后面的宾语成分表达的是汉语的地点状语的意味。
?He survived the air crash.
?他在空难中幸存。
?Troops patrolled the streets.
?部队在街上巡逻。
定语语序的调整
?英语中的一些后置定语，汉译时必须调整到名词前面。例如：He was the only person awake at the moment.他是那时唯一醒着的人。
表语形容词作定语
C.f. –able(available, possible, manageable…), present,
absent…
―What are you doing tonight? ‖
―Nothing in particular.‖
―今晚你有什么安排?‖
―没有什么特别的事情要做.‖
不定代词后面的定语成分
?Wish everything goes well with you in the years to come.
?希望你来年一切顺利.
?This is a golden chance for us to learn from farmers.
?这是我们向农民朋友学习的好机会.
?不定式后置作定语.
另外还有一些特殊的名词短语里面会出现定语后置
?the sum total
?总数
?secretary general
?总秘书
?2.两个或两个以上定语的翻译.
?英语和汉语在多个定语的排列顺序上有很大的不同:
?在汉语中越能说明事物本质的定语越要放在前面,说明规模大小或力量强弱的定语则放在后面,而英语则相反,越能说明事物本质的定语越要靠近它所修饰的名词。在汉译时,译文中的定语顺序,一是为了照顾汉语的语言习惯,不能与原文中的顺序完全一致；二是要紧扣和忠实原文,避免译文引起误
?英语多个定语的位置大致遵循以下顺序
?离中心词由远及近的顺序
性质+大小+形状+年龄+颜色+出处
?
?材料+用途
(7)中国第一座美丽的小白石桥
the first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge
?3.定语从句的翻译
因为汉语没有后置的定语从句,所以较短的定语从句会译成前置定语,较长的根据具体情况译成并列句或其他的从句.(详见下一节―从句的翻译‖)
英语状语的语序调整
英语状语的位置非常灵活,而汉语往往前置,因此汉译时需要调整语序.
Their power increased with their number.
他们人数增加了，力量也随之增强。
?英语多个状语的翻译
英语的排列顺序为:方式状语,地点状语,时间状语
汉语为:时间状语,地点状语,方式状语
See examples on p.234
英语倒装句的语序调整
英语倒装结构非常丰富,而汉语比较少,从而导致了汉译的过程中需要调整语序.
Unpopular as red has been in the past at the moment it is a favorite hair style.
译文虽然过去红色不受欢迎，眼下红色染发剂却备受青睐。(要点:作为表语的unpopular 放在as前面位于句首，构成部分倒装。形容词＋as从句在意思上等于a lthough……，一般翻译成“虽然…”。注意这个形容词不能放在动词后面，否则整个句子意思不同。)
?Lonely was seeing his daughter only twice a week since the divorce.
?译文他只是觉得离婚后每周只能看女儿两次让他感到孤独。(要点这是一个完全倒装句，主语是seeing his daughter……divorce.翻译时可正装。)
思维习惯不同导致的语序调整
英语:
先总后分,先评价后事实
汉语:
先分后总,先事实后评价
It is a great pleasure to be here. Today is a major milestone for Microsoft as our first Developers Conference was held here in China.
能站在这里和大家欢聚一堂我非常高兴.今天,在这里举行中国第一届开发人员大会,是微软公司的一个重要里程碑.(提示:黑体部分是总结性言语.)
Practice
?Translate the following inverted sentences into Chinese.
1 .As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized,it is in the interest of business to universalize access - after all,the more people online,the more potential customers there are. 2. So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.
1)随着国际互联网越来越商业化，普及上网会对商家有利，因为上网的人越多，潜在的顾客数量就越多。
2)参加计算机夏令营的孩子们对计算机如此着迷，以至夏令营的负责人常常不得不强迫他们停下来参加体育运动或做游戏。
商务英语期末考试参考答案
商务英语期末考试参考答案 说明：商务英语期末考试有五种题型： 一、中英短语互译已经全部总结，见下文 二、问答题已经提供了参考答案，仅供参考，见下文 三、案例分析题请根据题目要求自行准备 四、英语段落翻译中文已经注明，请自己翻看商务英语教程 五、写作请根据题目要求自行准备 1、中英短语互译（详见商务英语课件——每个PPT中的短语部分） PPT1： 1. individual proprietorship个体经营，独资企业 2. convertible bonds 可转换债券 3. memorandum of association 公司章程 4. monopolistic competition 垄断竞争 5. business credit 商业信用 1. 财政资源 financial resources 2. 有限责任公司 limited company 3. 销售收入 sales revenue 4. 有形商品 tangible goods 5. 流动资金 working capital PPT2： 1. flexible manufacturing system 弹性生产系统 2. fractional reserve system 部分准备金制度
3. credit instruments 信用工具，信用票据 4. bull market/bear market 牛/熊或多头/空头市场 5. manufacturing process 制造工艺 1. 厂址选择 facility location 2. 库存控制 inventory control 3. 总支出 aggregate expenditures 4. 股权证/权益证 equity instruments 5. 财务管理 financial management PPT3： 1. performance appraisal 绩效/业绩评估 2. promotion-from-within 内部提拔 3. skills inventory 技术库存 4. macroeconomic ramification 宏观经济衍生物/结果 5. closed-end fund 封闭式基金 1. 项目生命周期 project life cycle 2. 软技能和硬技能 soft skills and hard skills 3. 补偿制度 compensation system 4. 开放式基金 open-ended fund 5. 优先股 preferred stock PP4： 1. profit-oriented objective 利润导向的目标 2. marketing intermediary 营销代理商
英语翻译期末试卷
黄山学院初等教育学院2008－2009学年度第二学期06级英语班《英语翻译》期末考试卷 班级序号姓名成绩 一、选择题。（请将答案写在序号前面）20% 1. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. A. 许多领域的成功都取决于能否得到最新消息。 B. 田里的收成在很多方面依靠获得最新的消息。 C. 从很多方面讲，成功主要依靠在最后的时刻还能得到信息。 D. 在众多领域里，成功是获得最晚信息的保障。 2. At least three persons died in the fire and 23 others were injured. A. 至少3人因这次火灾和另外23次火灾造成死亡。 B. 起码有3个人在大火中丧命，23个以外的人受伤。 C. 火灾造成至少3人死亡，23人受伤。 D. 至少有3人死于火海，23人被火海包围。 3. Not only has he a first-class brain, but he is also a tremendously hard worker. A. 在一班，他不仅是头领，而且，也是一个非常严肃的工作者。 B. 他有一流的头脑，是个非常难对付的家伙。 C. 他不仅头脑好用，而且，还喜欢做极端困难的工作。 D. 他不仅头脑非常聪明，而且，工作上也非常勤奋。 4. It is reported that some areas of Australia have had no rain for more than four years. A. 有报道说，澳大利亚地区已经4年多没下雨了。 B. 据报道，澳大利亚的部分地区有4年多没下雨了。 C. 澳大利亚的个别地方被报道说没下雨的时间已经超过了4年。 D. 报纸报道，某些澳大利亚地区已经有4年多没下雨的时间。 5. The village was named after the high mountain standing in front of it. A. 这个村庄是以矗立在它面前的那座高山命名的。 B. 这个村庄的名字是来自于它面前的那座高山。 C. 这个村庄的名字是在前面的那座高山之后起的。 D. 这个村庄的名字是以站立在它面前的那座高山起的。 6. It was officially announced that the birth rate dropped greatly in the past three years. A. 据官方宣布，出生率在过去的三年中有了大幅下降。 B. 正式宣布，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 C. 正式宣布，出生率大幅下降在过去三年。 D. 据正式声明，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 7. The introduction of the new technique reduced the cost of the product three times. A. 对新技术的介绍，使产品的成本减少到三分之一。 B. 新技术的引进使产品的成本减少了三倍。 C. 对新技术的介绍使产品的成本减少到原来的三分之二。 D. 新技术的引进使产品成本减少了三分之二。 8. If you are buying a car, you may pay for it out of savings. A. 假使你正在买一辆汽车，你也许会透支购买。 B. 如果你要买一辆汽车，你可以用自己的储蓄存款支付。 C. 假定你打算买一辆汽车，你得花掉你得全部存款。 D. 加入你买一辆汽车，你需要用你的积蓄交此款。 9. Full-service banks can offer services unavailable at smaller financial institutions. A. 全面服务的银行能提供在小财政机构所不能获得的服务。 B. 提供全方位服务的银行能提供较小的金融机构所不能提供的服务。 C. 充满了服务的银行可能提供给较小的财政机构某些无法获得的服务 D. 全面服务的银行可能提供服务，这种服务是较小的金融机构所不能提供的。 10. The following qualifications are required from the candidates for the above position. A. 我们要求应聘高职位的求职者需具备以下资历。 B. 应聘以上职位，需具备下列资格。 C. 候选人为了高职位要求自己具备以下资历。 D. 以下资历是对应聘此职位的候选人的要求。 二、用正反表达法翻译下列句子。20% 1. The teacher found some of the pupils absent. 2. I wonder if he is coming. 3. Your request is beyond my power. 4. You will fail unless you work harder. 5. That lazy boy went to class before he had prepared his lesson. 6. Be sure to lock the door when you leave. 7. Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. 8. The doubt still unsolved after his repeated explanation. 9. Such flight couldn’t long escape notice. 10. All the articles are untouchable in the museum. 三、用重复法翻译下列句子。20% 1. We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 2. It's our duty to rebuild and defend our home-land. 3. People forget your face first, then your name. 4. Each had his own business to handle. 5. Big families had their own difficulties.
大学英语四级长句翻译方法及技巧
第19卷第12期 武汉科技学院学报Vol.19 No.12 2006年12月 JOURNAL OF WUHAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Dec. 2006 英语长句翻译方法及技巧 张艳萍 (湛江师范学院大学外语部, 广东湛江 524048) 摘要：英语长句翻译是英语学习中的一个难点,本文从英汉语言对比的角度，探讨了英汉两种语言的 差异，进一步分析了两种语言长句的特点,概述了英语长句的常用的四种翻译方法，并举例分析了这些 方法在实际中的运用。 关键词：英汉长句；差异；翻译；技巧 中图分类号：H315.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009－5160(2006)－0200－04 我们在英语教学过程中，往往会发现学生在汉译英时出现中国式英语，英译汉时句子却“西化”。究其原因我认为这主要是因为英语和汉语来自两种完全不同的文化语言体系，语序差别甚大，尤其遇到复杂长句，除了需要较强的对比分析理解能力外，还要求我们掌握一定的翻译理论和技巧以及具备较好的语言表达能力。为此，本人结合自己的英语教学实际，拟从英汉语言对比的角度来对英语长句的翻译问题作些探讨。 1 英汉句子结构的差异 人类语言的多样性，使翻译成为人类交流的重要媒介。同时，由于不同语言体系的差异，在英汉翻译里，英语和汉语会在句法结构、内在逻辑关系存在着明显差异： （1）英语句子重形合，汉语句子重意合。汉语注重隐性连贯注重逻辑事理顺序、注重功能、意义，注重以神统形，形合手段比英语少得多，没有英语所常用的那些关系代词、关系副词、连接代词和连接副词。并且汉语介词数量少，句式结构上也无太多的限制，可以利用说话的语气、环境及语言结构内部的相互衬托等条件使语句尽量辞约义丰。所以汉语是一种必须联系交际人主体意识、语言环境、句子表达功能作动态的意念分析的重“意合”的语言，是有别于英语句子重“形合”，试看下面句子： 例1：My idea of a good P.E. class is one where youth are involved in at least 20 minutes of basic movement that gets their heart rates up. 译文：说到一节好的体育课，我的想法是青年在体育课中至少要进行20分钟使他们心跳加快的基本运动。 这是一个典型的重形合的英语句子，全句用两个关系代词将两个定语从句联系起来，在译文中，将关系一层层理清楚，整句语气从容不迫，这就符合了汉语的叙事方法。 例2：不听老人言，吃亏在眼前。 译文1：If you wish good advice, consult an old man. 原文中的假设关系是隐含的，译成英语时用连词if把假设关系给表达出来，从这一例句可以看出英语重形合而汉语重意合的句子特点。 译文2：Who never consults an old man may suffer loss. 此句用名词性从句来翻译，同样体现了英汉两种语言在“形”和“意”上的区别。 （2）汉语通常根据时间顺序逐个翻译，而英语则较注重空间顺序。 汉语句中可常见两个以上的动词，甚至几乎全句皆动词。如：孩子们手里拿着老师给他们的礼物，唱着、 收稿日期：2006-09-17 作者简介：张艳萍（1978- ），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：英语翻译.
商务英语翻译试题汇总
广东外语外贸大学公开学院辅导资料 商务英语翻译课程试卷 （课程代码：5355） 考生注意：1. 答案必须写在答卷上，写在问卷上无效。 2. 考试时间150分钟。 I. Multiple Choices (20 points, 2 points for each) 第一套试卷 1.It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to a floating exchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required to support their own currencies. A.在这种情况下，世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。各国中央银行也就无须维持本币的汇价了。 B.不足为奇，全世界看到了汇率的回归，因此各国中央银行无需维持本币的汇价了。 C.此时此刻，世界各国又恢复了移动的交换比率，因此各国中央银行无需维持本币汇价。 D.在这种情况下，全世界又恢复了浮动交换率，这已不足为奇了，因此各国中央银行也就无需维持本币价格了。 2．Assuming the laboratory tests go well, and you can quote us a competitive price, we would certainly be able to place more substantial orders on a regular basis. A.假定实验室检验顺利，并且你的报价有竞争力，我们会大量向贵公司订货的。 B.若实验室检验合格，且你们给我们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会定期大量订货的。 C.若实验室检验良好，且你们给出的报价具有竞争性，我们一定会定期定量订货的。 D.假定实验室发展良好，且你们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会大量定期订货的。 3．Chinese researchers have made a breakthrough in developing new materials for nickel-hydrogen batteries used in low temperatures, Inhaul reported. A.中国研究者已经在开发新材料用于低温下使用的镍氢电池方面有了突破，据新华社报道。 B.新华社报道，中国科学家在从事新材料制造低温镍氢电池方面有了突破。 C.新华社报道，中国研究人员在开发利用新材料制造在低温下使用的镍氢电池方面已有了突破。 D.中国研究者在开发新材料制造低温镍氢电池有了重大突破，这是新华社报道的。 4. Since the initiation of economic reforms in the late 1970s, China has achieved impressive
英语期末考试翻译句子
Unit1 A new study shows that dogs can detect if someone has cancer just by sniffing the person’s breath. Ordinary household dogs with only a few weeks of basic training learn to accurately distinguish between breath samples of lung- and breast-cancer patients and healthy subjects.One expert, who led the research, said, “Our study provides compelling evidence that cancers hidden beneath the skin can be detected simply by (dogs’) examining the odors of a person’s breath.” Early detection of cancers greatly improves a patient’s survival chances, and researchers hope that man’s best friend, the dog, can become an important tool in early screening. Unit 2 A research team recently replicated a bacterium’s genetic structure entirely from l aboratory chemicals, moving one step closer to creating the world’s first artificial organism. The researchers said, “It’s the second step of a three-step process to create a synthetic organism. But the final step could prove far more difficult.” Nonetheless, the research is pushing forward at a rapid pace. Last June, the team revealed details of an experiment in which researchers inserted the DNA of one species of bacterium into the cells of another. That process almost magically booted up the inserted genome. The research team hopes to use a similar trick to boot up the artificially created genome, so as to create a man-made living organism. Unit 3 In recent years, the psychologists from many countries banded together to do a research which indicated that continued income growth could make people apply themselves to an ongoing consumption race rather than promote overall happiness. Everyone has to spend more and more money in order to maintain a constant level of happiness. This is because our vanity and jealousy are functioning . The way to sort out them out is to cultivate the noble sentiment of being considerate and serving the society. People shouldn’t pin all their hopes on money. Instead , friends, family and work are also playing a very improtant role . Therefore, hapiness is not an inborn trait, but a talent which everyone can learn. Unit 4 I used to feel excited at teaching my students the elegant economic theories that could supposedly cure societal problems of all types. But what is the good of all my complex theories when people were dying of starvation on the sidewalks and porches across from my lecture hall? My lessons were like the American movies where the good guys always win. But when I emerged from the comfort of the classroom, I was faced with the reality of the city streets. Here good guys were mercilessly beaten and trampled. Daily life ws getting worse, and the poor were growing even poorer. Unit 5 No one thought that shy little Einstein would grow up to a prominent scientist. He was slow in learning to speak, and he often paused to consider what he would say during a conversation.In school, Albert Einstein was singled out by his teachers as a troublesome child because he liked to ask difficult strange questions. He did not like to memorize facts and rules, but was interested in what lay below the surface of things. When he was four or five years old, for instance, his father gave him a compass. Little Einstein was curious about the mysterious force that could keep a compass needle always pointing north, which prompted him to read widely in science. His real studies were mostly done at home by reading books on mathematics, physics, and philosophy. Unit 6 Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm. They prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make their own minds. They tend to take the initiatives, even when there is a risk in doing so. They have courage and do not give in easily. They are considered sentimental. When they see a flag on ceremonial occasions, or attend parades celebrating Ame rica’s glorious past, tears may come to their eyes. They tend to be emotional at the reunions with family and friends, too. Sometimes, they can laugh at themselves and their country, while they will always remain intensely patriotic.
区统考翻译特殊句型的翻译key
I．it 作形式主语或宾语 1. 事后后悔毫无益处，你必须学会充分利用时间以适应高三生 活。（no use, adapt） It is no use crying over the spilt milk. You must learn to make full use of time to be adapted to the life of senior three. 2. 他从没想到过他被这家公司拒绝的原因是他英语不能说流利的 英语。（occur, turn down） It never occurred to him that the reason why he was turned down/ rejected by the company was that he could not speak fluent English. 3. 如果你方便的话，我想和你进一步讨论一下我们婚礼的细节。 （convenient） If it is convenient, I would like to have a further discussion about the details of our wedding ceremony with you. 4. 在东南亚当地人认为用左手传递食物是不礼貌的行为。 （manners） The local people in South East countries consider it bad manners to use the left hand to pass food. 5. 在布置工作之前，你必须考虑到他刚刚大病初愈。（take）You must take it into consideration that he has just recovered from a serious illness before you assign work to him. 6. 因特网的流行让远隔千里的人们能够随时随地交流。 （possible） The popularity of the Internet makes it possible for the people thousands of miles away to communicate with each other whenever and wherever. 7. 被警告有危险，你却冒险尝试， 这是不明智的。（it） It is unwise of you to risk trying when you are warned of the danger. 8. 你很可能会后悔你鲁莽的决定。(It) It is likely that you will regret the rude decision you made II.特殊句型 1. 阅读时,你不必碰到生词就查词典。(There be) There is no need to consult the dictionary when you read. 2. 我宁可在家看报纸和杂志也不愿去电影院看如此可怕的电影。 (would rather) I would rather read newspapers and magazines at home than watch such a horrible film. 3. 你暴露在阳光下越多，就对你的皮肤越有害。(The more…the
英语期末考试句子翻译
任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票（vote）.(be eligible to ) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for,scholarship) A form to apply for scholarships is sent by the university to each student before the start of each semester . 遵照医生建议，我决定戒烟。（on the advice of） On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking . 公司位于县城的正中央.(Be located in) The park is located right in the center of town . 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(Facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire. 警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。（fill out） The policemen are busy filling out forms about the accident. 我想在还车之前把邮箱（fuel tank）加满（fill up） I want to fill up the fuel tank before returning the car. 如果你要投诉，最好遵循正确的程序。（follow the procedure） If you want to make a complaint,you would better follow the correct procedure. 要不是约翰帮忙，我们绝不会这么快就完成实验。（without） We could not have finished the experiment so soon without John’s help. 暴风雨之后，岸边的人们焦急地搜索湖面以期待发现小船的踪迹。 After the storm of boat the people on the store anxiously scanned the lake for any sign. 我们需要通过减少道路上的车辆以降低燃料消耗。（consumption） We need to cut down on our fuel consumption by having fewer cars on the road. 电费上涨增加了我们的负担。（add to） The rise in power costs has added to our burden. 你应该自己判断行事，别总是跟在你哥哥后面。（follow the lead） You should fudge by yourself,and not always follow your brother’s. 那种发型今年很流行，但是我想明年就会过时。（in fashion） That hair style is in fashion this year,but I an afraid it will be out of fashion next year. 在追求真理的过程中，我们注定（fate to）要遭受失败的痛苦。（in one’s quest for） In our quest for truth, we are fated to suffer from many failures. 我们得把感情放在一边，从专业的（professinal）角度来对待这件事。（from a```stand point）We have to put aside our emotions and take it from a professional stand point. 这部戏非常精彩，我很快就沉浸于激动人心的剧情之中。（lose oneself in of ） The plan was so wonderful that I soon lost myself in the excitement in of it. 她没有什么爱好——除非你把看电视也算是一种爱好。 She hasn’t got any hobbies---unless you call watching TV a hobby. 他说他是直接从市长本人那里得到这个信息的。（first-hand） He said he had got the information first-hand from the major himself. 既然你不能回答这个问题，我们最好问问别人。（since） Since you can not answer the question, perhaps we would better ask someone else. 那件工作很难做，不过我想试试看。（have a shot） It is a difficult iob but I’d like to have a shot. 这是一本关于商务实践而非理论的书。（as opposed to）
《商务英语翻译》 期末试卷答案
2012-2013学年第一学期2011级《商务英语翻译》毕业清考A 卷答题卡 一，单项选择题（10X2’） 1.__ __D__ 2. ___A_____ 3.__ _C_______ 4. ____C__5. C___ B，（5X3’）6._ _D_____ 7. ______A___ 8._____C_______ 9. ___C____10. _____A___ 二．(10X2’) 11___e___12___g___13____g__14____b___15__j_____ 16___k___17___d____18____m___19___c___20__a___ 三．把下列句子译成汉语，注意翻译技巧（10X4’）黑体为主要评分点 21.他觉得把会议上讨论的事情告诉他妻子是不恰当的。 22. 你必须注意你方出口产品的质量 23. 我的升职多亏你的帮忙；我过去是，现在也是十分感激你的。 24.教师应在教学上有耐心。 25. 他无权签订这样的合同 26.他未遵守安全操作规则导致引擎事故的发生。 27. 显而易见，建一所中学的计划将会被取消 28. 他旅途中的所见所闻给他留下了深刻的印象。 29.他讲得太快了，我们不能听懂他说什么。 30.对亚洲事务感兴趣的大使不禁受宠若惊. 四．请将下面这封信函翻译成汉语，注意翻译技巧（15’） 尊敬的李先生： 4月15日有关付款条件的来函已经收悉。 本公司同意贵公司如下建议： 1. 以见票即付的保兑不可撤销信用证付款，而非见票直接付款。 2. 贵公司的报盘不会有折扣。以上建议获本公司总经理批准，今后将如述执行。现正拟订有关订单，十日内将送达贵公司。 诚望今后两公司间的会谈能促进双方的业务发展。 敬复
英语专业期末翻译考试试题(1) 汉译英
2011--2012学年翻译理论与实践期末考试题 班级＿＿＿姓名＿＿＿学号＿＿＿Ⅰ、Translate the following phases into English(2point*5=10point) 1.覆水难收 ___________________________________________________________ 2.指鹿为马 ___________________________________________________________ 3. 爱屋及乌 ___________________________________________________________ 4条条道路通罗马 ___________________________________________________________ 5有钱能使鬼推磨 ___________________________________________________________ ⅡTranslate the following sentences into English(5point*6=30point) 1.我年轻的日子已经一去不返。 ___________________________________________________________ 2.你别狗咬吕洞宾——不识好人心。 ___________________________________________________________ 3.世界上只有海水取之不尽，用之不竭。 ___________________________________________________________ 4.我们是新雇员，得注意自己的一举一动。 ___________________________________________________________ 5.人民军队离不开人民，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。 ___________________________________________________________ 6.虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 ___________________________________________________________ ⅢTranslate the following passages into English(10point*2=20point) 1）当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济，提高人民生活水平。为了实现这一目标，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，进一步解放生产水平；我们应当向世界敞开大门，学习其他国家的先进的科学和技术。只要我们坚持改革开放政策，就一定能把我国建设成强大的社会主义国家。 __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 2)秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。 __________________________________________________________
旅游英语期末考翻译题(题目+答案版)
II.20个单词词组翻译，平时讲课强调的词汇和表达。20分 (仅仅是部分，待补充) 等级制度a hierarchy of universal wants and needs 灵感需求aesthetic stimulation 多人关注的运动spectator sports 北京元谋人Peking Man 华北平原the Great North China Plain 战国时期the Warring States Period 天安门城楼Tian’anmen rostrum 紫禁城the grand royal compound of the Forbidden City/the old imperial palace 传统与现代的结合old meets new 人民大会堂the Great Hall of the People 武夷山风景区the Wuyishan Scenic Area 丹霞地貌Danxia landform 文人墨客men of letters 摩崖蚀刻cliff inscriptions 竹筏a bamboo raft 悬棺hanging coffins 云雾缭绕(be) shrouded with clouds and mists 天王殿the Heavenly King Hall 大雄宝殿the Grand Hall 卧佛殿the Hall of the Reclining Buddha 玉佛楼the Jade Buddha Chamber 方丈室the Abbot’s Room 佛光a back halo 观音Goddess of Mercy 弟子disciple 中国共产党the Communist Party of China 国务院the State Council 五星红旗the five-star red flag 义勇军进行曲the March of the V olunteers 社会主义市场经济the socialist market economy 好莱坞大片Hollywood blockbusters 悲惨世界Les Miserable 歌剧魅影Phantom of the Opera 最新技术state-of-the-art 弥漫节日的气氛be permeated with a jubilant atmosphere 身着节日的盛装in their holiday best 灯火辉煌a blaze of light 秋收冬藏autumn harvest and winter storage 春耕夏锄spring plowing and summer weeding 燕窝汤birds nest soup 鱼翅shark’s fin soup
商务英语翻译试题(三)试卷及答案_3
商务英语翻译试题（三） Ⅰ词汇测试题：（2题，每题10分，共20分） 1．该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组，下面均有英文词或词组来进行解释。请将正确的选项标出，要求英英转换意义准确，符合商务英语规范。（10分） (1) credit A. a kind of money B. a method of paying at a later time C. currency D. charge or service (2) assign A. to take or move out B. to put sth in a particular order C. to choose or give a particular job to sb. D. to decide how sth will be made (3) to perform A. to project a program B. to contribute a fund C. to do an action or piece of work D. to cater for (4) to withhold A. to offer something for a decision B. to have a particular right to do C. to put something in a particular order D. to refuse to give or to keep back (5) to schedule A. to take on responsibility B. to trust in someone C. to bring in a consultant D. to list or state details (6) reimbursement A. to charge B. to pay back esp. money C. to claim for damages D. to ask for (7) qualify A. to make sth. Better B. to cause sb. to have the legal right to have or do sth. C. to choose sb. officially for a job D. to pay for the damage (8) put forward A. to arrange for something B. to come on something C. to put on an event D. to suggest an idea for consideration (9) to boost A. to take back or to remove B. to refuse to give C. to become less in number or smaller D. to improve or increase (10) to comply with