上海市高三二模英语试题汇编——完形填空

2013届（2012学年）上海市高三英语二模——完形填空（黄浦）When 16-year-old Ella Fitzgerald stepped onto the stage to perform at Harlem’s Apollo Theater in 1934, she had no idea that her life was about to change. Her childhood had been 50 . After the death of her parents, Fitzgerald had been placed in a boarding school. 51 , the teachers at the school mistreated her, so she ran away. Homeless and orphaned, Fitzgerald was trying her best to 52 on the streets of New York City when she won a contest to perform during an amateur night at the Apollo. She had 53 planned to dance, but at the last second, she decided to sing her mother’s favorite song instead. Her performance earned her 54 from several well-known musicians. Ella Fitzgerald went on to become a 55 jazz singer.During a musical career that spanned six decades, Fitzgerald 56 more than 200 albums. She won 13 Grammy Awards, the last of which she received in 1990. She worked with some of the greatest American singers of the twentieth century, including Frank Sinatra, Louis Armstrong, Count Basie, and Dizzy Gillespie. Her talent and charm 57 a wide range of listeners around the world. The worldwide 58 of Ella Fitzgerald helped make jazz a more popular genre.Until the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, the United States 59 African American citizens the same treatment that white citizens received. Fitzgerald’s manager and her band 60 to perform at places where discrimination (歧视) was practiced. They also decided not to perform unless they were paid the same amount as white singers and musicians. Ella’s fight for 61 received support from numerous celebrity admirers, including Marilyn Monroe. Fitzgerald never took her good fortune for granted. She gave money to charities and organizations that contributed to 62 disadvantages children. For her many civic contributions, in 1992 President George Bush awarded her the Presidential Medal of Honor, one of the highest honors 63 to civilians.In 1991, Fitzgerald gave her 64 performance in New York’s Carnegie Hall. Although Ella Fitzgerald died in 1996, the American “First Lady of Song” continues to live in the hearts and ears of music lovers worldwide.50. A. rich B. rough C. funny D. happy51. A. Importantly B. Unforgettably C. Naturally D. Unfortunately52. A. survive B. experience C. learn D. stand53. A. strangely B. blindly C. originally D. probably54. A. jealousy B. recognition C. reputation D. gratitude55. A. creative B. dependent C. undiscovered D. distinguished56. A. released B. sold C. copied D. showed57. A. compared with B. appealed to C. composed of D. depended on58. A. celebration B. admiration C. relaxation D. implication59. A. denied B. supported C. offered D. hated60. A. decided B. refused C. started D. afforded61. A. wealth B. future C. equality D. agreement62. A. caring for B. playing with C. preferring to D. picking up63. A. ignorant B. inadequate C. available D. official64. A. best B. vivid C. open D. final50—54 BDACB 55—59 DABBA 60—64 BCACD（浦东）Why do people go to university? There is a popular notion that a college education is something to be endured in order to become __50__ to obtain certain kinds of jobs or to go to graduate school. This is not what we are trying to do at Harvard, nor would we wish to have many students here who took such a(n) __51__ view of a college career.There are several goals we aim to reach in our undergraduate program.The most obvious one is to give knowledge—fairly __52__ knowledge in one field and a more general knowledge of a variety of other subject areas which you may choose according to your interest. But if acquiring knowledge is a self-evident part of a college education, it is __53__the most important. Remarkably few of the facts you learn here will remain in your __54__ for many years, and some of those that do will even be proved __55__ by new knowledge.__56__, we can instill(灌输) certain attitudes of mind—a willingness to accept uncertainty, and the lack of definite truths; independence of mind, and a respect for facts and for the uncomfortable conclusions which facts sometimes lead to.In addition to these __57__ qualities, a college education should try to lay a foundation for the creative use of __58__ time. Some of this capacity can be stimulated in the classroom—in courses in the humanities and the arts. Yet, at least as much __59__ will occur outside the lecture hall—on athletic fields, in music rooms, student theaters, concert halls, and so forth.These are some of the __60__ of a liberal college education as I see them. I cannot resist concluding with a few private thoughts about our new careers at Harvard.To begin with, I hope that we will think __61__ about what we want to accomplish here. It would be __62__ for you to set your sights on some limited goal, such as getting good grades or merely getting into one or another graduate school.Second, I hope that you will give some thought to what you can do for others during your stay here. There are many problems waiting for your help, and many people who could __63__ your efforts.My final bit of advice. Whatever else we do, let us remember not to take ourselves too seriously. However great our problems may seem, however urgent our complaints, they are overshadowed（黯然失色） by the __64__ of countless other people on our planet.50. A. fascinated B. qualified C. determined D. required51. A. optimistic B. strong C. narrow D. sensitive52. A. concentrated B. expanded C. informed D. illustrated53. A. by far B. far from C. free from D. without doubt54. A. memory B. position C. evaluation D. foundation55. A. useful B. essential C. false D. common56. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Somehow57. A. physical B. inborn C. emotional D. intellectual58. A. business B. study C. experiment D. leisure59. A. appreciation B. stimulation C. participation D. exposure60. A. benefits B. aims C. problems D. achievements61. A. broadly B. honestly C. freely D. continually62. A. fantastic B. magic C. tragic D. basic63. A. suffer from B. profit from C. reflect on D. complain about64. A. inspiration B. difference C. ambitions D. difficulties50~54. BCABA 55~59. CADDB 60~64. BACBD（普陀）50. A. take B. reduce C. increase D. face51. A. profits B. advices C. benefits D. promotions52. A. milk B. water C. coke D. coffee53. A. based on B. fond of C. different from D. qualified for54. A. cause B. endure C. ease D. relieve55. A. warn B. compare C. cure D. treat56. A. unpleasant B. modest C. significant D. positive57. A. tendency B. intention C. intensity D. extension58. A. on the contrary B. as a result C. for instance D. in one word59. A. turned up B. took up C. put up D. gave up60. A. satisfaction B. uncertainties C. consequences D. qualifications61. A. Moreover B. However C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless62. A. contemporary B. similar C. different D. initial63. A. realize B. attach C. demonstrate D. weaken64. A. unlikely B. sensible C. jealous D. miserable50~54 BCDAA 55~59 BACCA 60~64 BABDA（徐汇金山松江）Starting around 1348, the plague(瘟疫) hit the continents of Europe and Asia. As a result, it killed an 50 forty million people. This disease has come to be known as the Black Death. Its victims suffered a horribly painful death 51 by fever and dying, blackened flesh.Although they are not certain, many historians agree that the Black Death probably originated in China and spread through trade 52 , carried by fleas (跳蚤)found on rats. Rats are very common in cities, so these areas were hit the hardest. The disease passed to humans when the fleas would jump from the rats to a human host.Every social group suffered from the Black Death---it was not a discriminating (有识别力的)disease. But those who lived in rural settings were sometimes 53 , as were the wealthy, who had less 54 with outsiders and could afford to move to more remote areas in an 55 to spare themselves.The Black Death had many long-term 56 . Certain areas of Europe were nearly 57 after it, including some of its prosperous cities. For example, Bremen, Germany, lost almost 7,000 of its 12,000 inhabitants; Florence, Italy, lost 40,000 of its nearly 90,000; and Paris lost more than 50,000 of its 180,000. Major cities had to create mass graveyards where the dead could be buried. European population only began to 58 again in the last decades of the 15th century.The Black Death also brought about 59 changes. As large numbers of peasants died, there was a shortage of labor. Peasants had 60 spent generations working for the same family, but after the plague hit, they began to take advantage of the labor 61 . Workers 62 many times their usual pay for work and would sometimes move to a new lord or noblewho offered 63 incentives (刺激;鼓励) and working conditions. In this way, the Black Death caused the landowning aristocracy (贵族) to lose much of their power and social 64 .50. A. enormous B. evaluated C. estimated D. expected51. A. characterized B. reported C. specialized D. caused52. A. stations B. goods C. routine D. route53. A. infected B. spread C. spared D. included54. A. contact B. similarities C. exchange D. trade55. A. attraction B. attempt C. effect D. advantage56. A. consequences B. harms C. effect D. correction57. A. bare B. populated C. deserted D. developed58. A. decline B. recover C. motivate D. grow59. A. economic B. racial C. global D. political60. A. barely B. usually C. stubbornly D. previously61. A. boom B. growth C. shortages D. drain62. A. won B. charged C. offered D. sped63. A. higher B. better C. similar D. changing64. A. post B. dream C. system D. position50-54 C ADCA 55-59BACDA 60-64DCBBD（杨浦）Joining a book club can be a very rewarding experience introducing you to a world of literature that you normally wouldn't select for yourself. It's a great way to start reading more and gain a deeper understanding on your reading material and allows you to meet other people with ___50___ interest to yours.It's always tempting to select a classic or a book that you loved so much that you are ___51___ the group will enjoy it too. However book club is also about getting out of your own literary ___52 ___zone as much as it is about reading more. Picking something you haven’t read will mean the story is as ___53___for you as for everyone else. A great way to select a book is to check for online ___54___ or ask friends outside the club for their top suggestions‘Although a book per month sounds ___55___ , sometimes things get in the way and suddenly it's the week before book club and you haven't even opened the front cover yet. ___56___ specific evenings for reading or ___57___ some time during the weekend is a great way to form a reading habit.Creating a group for your club on ___58___ media is great way to stay in ___59___ and allows changes to dates / times to be made with less trouble than texting or phoning. Here you can ___60___ state the book for that month for anyone who has missed it and it is a really nice way tokeep each 61 by sharing progress and thoughts on the book. This group can be set to be completely ___62___ so that only members can see the page or ___63___ with members.Finally book club is a really great way to meet people and to gain a fresh perspective on the books you read. It is also a great way to 64 your passion for reading.50. A. high B. common C. enormous D. unique51. A. surprised B. doubtful C. sure D. familiar52. A. danger B. service C. time D. comfort53. A. exciting B. puzzling C. demanding D. frightening54. A. administration B. presentation C. recommendation D. cooperation55. A. available B. manageable C. incredible D. sociable56. A. scheduling B. spending C. sacrificing D. separating57. A. deciding on B. staying up C. approving of D. setting aside58. A. social B. news C. mass D. multiple59. A. mind B. touch C. confidence D. progress60. A. classically B. firmly C. truthfully D. officially61. A. motivated B. occupied C. accustomed D. associated62. A. political B. private C. professional D. practical63. A. contact B. negotiate C. interact D. bargain64. A. fuel B. cool C. train D. directSection A 50〜54 BCDAC 55〜59 BADAB 60〜64 DABCA（杨浦静安宝山青浦）Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller__50__, faces practically every company trying to __51__ new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know. While banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally __52__ to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in __53__ for a share in future profits. This they do by __54__ stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the savings of __55__ and organizations, both at home and overseas.When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. __56__, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to __57__ his money.Many of the __58__ needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not __59__. All these require __60__ spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authorities, and nationalized industries __61__ frequently need toborrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange. There is __62__ a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not __63__ the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange __64__ to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.50. A. level B. extent C. scale D. basis51. A. programme B. provide C. develop D. prepare52. A. unexpected B. unwilling C. unbelievable D. uncertain53. A. search B. exchange C. value D. comfort54. A. issuing B. allowing C. producing D. acquiring55. A. immigrants B. investigators C. inheritors D. individuals56. A. Indeed B. In fact C. In addition D. Instead57. A. eliminate B. reflect C. invest D. profit58. A. properties B. appliances C. foundations D. services59. A. function B. experience C. share D. launch60. A. invisible B. continuous C. limited D. economical61. A. therefore B. however C. nevertheless D. otherwise62. A. definitely B. almost C. hardly D. probably63. A. turn down B. depend on C. take over D. put off64. A. releases B. forces C. leaves D. exists50—64 CCBBA DDCDA BACBD（杨浦3月）Joining a book club can be a very rewarding experience introducing you to a world of literature that you normally wouldn't select for yourself. It's a great way to start reading more and gain a deeper understanding on your reading material and allows you to meet other people with ___50___ interest to yours.It's always tempting to select a classic or a book that you loved so much that you are ___51___ the group will enjoy it too. However book club is also about getting out of your own literary ___52 ___zone as much as it is about reading more. Picking something you haven’t read will mean the story is as ___53___for you as for everyone else. A great way to select a book is to check for online ___54___ or ask friends outside the club for their top suggestions‘Although a book per month sounds ___55___ , sometimes things get in the way and suddenly it's the week before book club and you haven't even opened the front cover yet. ___56___ specific evenings for reading or ___57___ some time during the weekend is a great way to form a reading habit.Creating a group for your club on ___58___ media is great way to stay in ___59___ and allows changes to dates / times to be made with less trouble than texting or phoning. Here you can___60___ state the book for that month for anyone who has missed it and it is a really nice way to keep each 61 by sharing progress and thoughts on the book. This group can be set to be completely ___62___ so that only members can see the page or ___63___ with members.Finally book club is a really great way to meet people and to gain a fresh perspective on the books you read. It is also a great way to 64 your passion for reading.50. A. high B. common C. enormous D. unique51. A. surprised B. doubtful C. sure D. familiar52. A. danger B. service C. time D. comfort53. A. exciting B. puzzling C. demanding D. frightening54. A. administration B. presentation C. recommendation D. cooperation55. A. available B. manageable C. incredible D. sociable56. A. scheduling B. spending C. sacrificing D. separating57. A. deciding on B. staying up C. approving of D. setting aside58. A. social B. news C. mass D. multiple59. A. mind B. touch C. confidence D. progress60. A. classically B. firmly C. truthfully D. officially61. A. motivated B. occupied C. accustomed D. associated62. A. political B. private C. professional D. practical63. A. contact B. negotiate C. interact D. bargain64. A. fuel B. cool C. train D. directSection A 50〜54 BCDAC 55〜59 BADAB 60〜64 DABCA（闸北）Today's cinema has improved a great deal in presentation. Gone are the golden days when eager crowds were packed on wooden benches in poor buildings, which seemed to be about to 50 in the next minute. Audience were staring,with great interest, at the funny and amusing movements of silent figures on the screen. It was only through the body movements and facial expressions that the characters' feelings could be 51 to the audience .However ,film goers all the same turned a blind eye to the 52 cinema surroundings and seemed crazy about almost all the films. Box office hits were a(n) 53 thing and stories about movie stars took full coverage of the newspaper. They were received with all 54 wordings compared with today's pitiful stars who are all the time alert to such news as divorces or affairs.Nowadays it is quite easy to find a cinema that exceeds the hotel luxury. Cinema are spacious , well-lit places where one can kill time in comfort. Small favours offered by modern cinemas such as the well-printed booklets ,which are 55 available , the mouth-watering snacks on sale and even the gifts are all sending the implied message to the audience that the film to watch will provide the equivalent 56 . Audience, on the other hand, don't always 57 the story. Before a film is released ,the potential spectator is usually exposed to a(n) 58 of advertisements. Film trailers(预告片）are seen everywhere and crew interviews are televised. And in tempting people to enter cinemas ,second to none is 59 .People rely much on friends' advice in choosingfilms.Once the audience have settled on the chair, the cinema is learning from the theatre . The projectionists（放映员) are to give the audience time to prepare themselves for the film. Talk first degrades to a whisper then 60 altogether. Spotlights are focused on the curtains which are drawn slowly apart, often in the 61 of music, to reveal title of the film. Every detail has been designed so thoughtfully that the spectator will never actually see the 62 screen, which will remind him all too sharply that what he is about to see is nothing but different shadows flashing on the white ,However much the cinema tries to 63 theatre ,it fully succeeds .Nothing can 64 the awe and sense of expectation felt by the audience as the curtain is slowly raised.A.disappearB.collapseC.freezeD.riseA.translatedB.respondedC.inventedD.appliedA.specialB.inferiorC.standardD.looseA.uniqueB.memorableC.painfulD.normalA.positiveB.personalC.flexibleD.heatedA.temporarilyB.carefullyC.readilyD.traditionally A.luxury B.expense C.convinience rmartionA.proveB.buyC.investigateD.conveyA.explosionB.promotionC.shiftD.spreadA.walls of earsB.seeing is believingC.word of mouthD.grave of teeth A.drives out B.wears out C.pays off D.dies awaypanyB.introductionC.benefitD.endA.decoratedB.distinctC.blankD.mechanicalA.imitateB.guideC.exploitD.replaceA.refer topare withC.suffer fromD.persist in Section A50~54 BABDA 55~59 CABAC 60~64 DACAB（长宁嘉定）Avraham Kadar, a physician, faced the challenge of explaining complex medical concepts to children be was treating for many years. ___50____, he found a solution in 1999, and teachers have been gaining the benefits ever since.Kadar created BrainPOP, a(n)___51____ program consisting of humorous animated (动画的) videos in which a man named Tim and his robot friend Moby__52____ various subjects. The videos fall into seven types: engineering and technology, science, social studies, English, math, health, and arts and music. From historical figures to recent inventions, they cover over 500 topics, ___53___ intersts in the subjects though ___54____ and illustrations. BrainPOP’s materials also include quizzes, activities, answers to questions and extra information about each topic.BrainPOP can be used in the classroom or at home through the Internet. It is now ___55____ everywhere through its apps (应用程序) for mobile devices. BrainPOP also supplies resources to different ___56____: BrainPOP Jr, for younger students, BrainPOP Espanol for Spanish speakers and BrainPOP ESL for those learning English. Almost 20 percent of American schools have ___57___ BrainPOP, and its popularity is growing worldwide. Its website, apps and produces have won multiple awards from magazines, websites and other organizations.The reason for BrainPOP’s ___58____ among teachers is similar: It works. A 2009 study conducted by SEG Research compared students who used BrainPOP to those who didn’t. The BrainPOP users experienced more___59____ in vocabulary, reading comprehension, languageskills and science than the other syudents.And the benefits of BrainPOP are not limited to ___60____speakers of English. One award-winning Canadian school with students from many language backgrounds makes BrainPOP available to all its teachers. They find it ___61____because it mixes pictures with its presentations instead of relying only on language.___62___, a school in the U.S. for students with learning disabilities has found BrainPOP very effective at keeping students engaged and encouraging them to participate. Teachers said taht BrainPOP’s quick pace and humor help students ___63____ interruptions and continue to focus. The kids love the teacher Moby, a robot that cannot speak but communicates with facial expressions andbeeps（发出嘟声). For more than 10 years, BrainPOP’s fun, learn and educational materials have helped students learn---and ___64____ it.50. A. At one time B. By no means C. In the end D. On the whole51. A. domestic B. educational C. historic D. medical52. A. bring up B. contribute to C. figure out D. talk about53. A. cultivating B. appreciating C. expressing D. following54. A. changes B. concepts C. humor D. science55. A. useful B. creative C. informative D. accessible56. A. groups B. stores C. devices D. schools57. A.studied B. adopted C. invented D. produced58. A. appearance B. existence C. limitation D. popularity59. A. difficulties B. improvement C. practice D. challenges60. A. popular B. foreign C. native D. brilliant61. A. helpful B. complex C. informal D. funny62. A. Absolutely B. Namely C. Originally D. Similarly63. A. notice B. recognize C. ignore D. picture64. A. imitate B. enjoy C. explore D. Illustrate50~54 CBDAC 55~59 DABDB 60~64 CADCB（虹口）The Making of a SurgeonHow does a doctor recognize the point in time when he is finally a “surgeon”? As my year as chief resident (进修医生) drew to a close, I asked myself this question on more than one occasion. The answer, I concluded, was __50__. When you can say to yourself, “There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently (胜任地), treat just __51__ or better than any other surgeon” -- then, and not until then, you are indeed a surgeon. I was __52__ that point.Take, __53__, the emergency situations that we met almost every night．The first few months of the year I had __54__ the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical resolution to be __55__. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular __56__, I’d have trouble getting back to sleep. I’d __57__ all the facts of the case and, often, wonder if I had made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, aft er lying __58__ for an hour, I’d get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the __59__ of mind I needed to relax.Now, in the last month of my residency, __60__ was no longer a problem. Sometimes I still学习必备欢迎下载couldn’t be sure of my decision, but I had learned to accept this as a __61__ problem for a surgeon.I knew that with my knowledge and experience, any decision I’d made was certain to be a __62__ one. It was a nice feeling.This all sounds conceited (自负的) and I guess it is -- but a surgeon needs conceit. He needs it to encourage him in trying moments when he’s bothered by the __63__ and uncertainties that are part of the practice of medicine. He has to feel that he’s as good as and probably bet ter than any other surgeon in the world. Call it conceit -- call it self-confidence; whatever it was, I had it. And it is, I am sure, what a person has to make a(n) __64__ in life.50. A. self-service B. self-appreciation C. self-respect D. self-confidence51. A. more than B. as well as C. other than D. as long as52. A. supporting B. approving C. handling D. approaching53. A. for example B. in reality C. by contrast D. at intervals54. A. valued B. avoided C. feared D. enjoyed55. A. adopted B. applied C. included D. developed56. A. condition B. state C. occasion D. situation57. A. retell B. review C. revise D. remind58. A. awake B. ashamed C. awkward D. asleep59. A. peace B. trouble C. sorrow D. excitement60. A. driving B. reviewing C. sleeping D. operating61. A. medical B. constant C. surgical D. rare62. A. critical B. specific C. proper D. difficult63. A. confidence B. conceit C. solutions D. doubts64. A. effort B. success C. chance D. promise50 – 64: DBDAC ADBAA CBCDB。

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上海市各区2017-2018年高三英语二模汇编----完型填空--（校对带答案）

III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Our modern working lives are ruled by the concept of competence(能力). The idea that lies behind competence is quite simple: that one can state what people should do in behavioral terms, and then 41 whether a person has succeeded in meeting that task or not. We rarely have a second thought about whether the idea of measuring and achieving competence is a good one or not. 42 , it is a debatable one.Humans do not learn or work in ways that can be measured by the 43 of competence. Take the example of a barista who is being trained to make coffee. The job title of ―barista‖ 44 a degree of skill in making coffee. However, baristas in large coffee chains are usually trained through 45 qualifications. One part of these qualifications is to produce a cup of coffee to meet a(n) 46 standard. It might have to achieve a certain taste and appearance. This might seem perfectly reasonable, but there are two reasons why such an approach to training baristas does not 47 .First, the production of a cup of coffee to a certain standard is a binary (二次元的) 48 . The baristas can either produce a coffee of a certain standard or they cannot. If they happen to produce the best cup of coffee in the world, it does not matter, as competence-based training does not reward outstanding performance. 49 , producing the worst cup of coffee would be a fail in the same way as producing a cup just below the standard. In fact, competence is not interested in the process of producing a coffee at all—only the final binary outcome.Second, if the barista does produce a coffee to a certain 50 , competence is not interested in why the barista can do that. But humans are not machines that 51 produce binary outcomes. We have bodies and minds which 52 through learning.Yet we are increasingly forced to 53 competence in our schools and workplaces. We are not empty machines that simply produce binary outcomes. If we want to be true human in our learning and our workplaces, we need to be 54 and special. Learning and innovation involve failure in aiming for something that is unusually good. Such things simply cannot be 55 by the standard of competence where the mediocre(平凡的) is the gold standard.41. A.question B. predict C.measure D. confirm42. A. As a rule B. As a whole C. In other words D. In fact43. A. impression B. concept C. value D. development44. A. suggests B. assumes C. deserves D. inherits45. A. society-based B. self-based C. pleasure-basedD. competence-based46. A. minimum B. unique C. traditional D. international47. A. last B. work C. exist D. change48. A.challenge B. appearance C. outcome D. practice49. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. Likewise50. A. agreement B. extent C. standard D. description51. A. typically B. simply C. cheaply D. occasionally52. A. alter B. expand C. create D. exhaust53. A. handle B. classify C. transfer D. achieve54. A. common B. sociable C. creative D. mature55. A. judged B. achieved C. restored D. presented Keys: 41-45 C D B A D 46-50 A B C D C 51-55 B A D C AIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Concerns about the harm caused by ―too much‖ screen time—particularly when it is spent on social media—are widespread. But working out what a ―healthy‖____41___might be is far from easy.Some negative experiences on social media—like___42____how your appearance compares to others—do affect some children. However, this does not mean that technology use in ___43___is harmful and it is difficult to make claims about how it will affect different people.Consider the picture painted by a UNICEF review of existing research into the effects of digital technology on children’s ___44___ comforts, including happiness, mental health and sociallife. Rather than stating that social media was harmful, it suggested a more ____45_____effect.The UNICEF report highlighted a 2017 study that examined 120,000 UK 15-year-olds. Among those teenagers who were the lightest users, it was found that increasing the time spent using technology was linked to___46____ comfort—possibly because it was important for keeping up friendships. ___47____, among the heaviest users of technology, any increase in time was linked to lower levels of comfort. Overall, the UNICEF study suggested that some screen time could be good for children’s mental health.A broader look at evidence provided by some other high quality studies again suggests the story is not ___48___. An early study in 2013 looked at how the television and video game habits of 11,000 UK five-year-olds affected them two years later. It is one of few studies actually ___49___ the effects of technology over time. It suggested that, compared with children who watched one hour of television or less on a weekday, a small increase in conduct problems was seen among those who watched more than three hours each day. Playing electronic games, however, was not seen as leading to a greater ____50____ of friendship or emotional problems.So how much time should our children spend looking at screens? It is difficult to be ___51___ as different people spend time online in such different ways. A useful comparison might be with sugar. Broadly speaking, people___52_____ that too much sugar can be bad for your health. But the effect it might have can depend on many factors, from the type of sugar to the person and the amount. We would not___53____trust anyone who claims to predict how someone is affected by consuming one gram of sugar. The same could be said for ___54___ usage: the outcomes depend on so many factors that only very____55____predictions are possible.41.A. amount B. comparison C. experience D. medium42.A. accounting for B. boasting of C. commenting on D. worrying about43.A. general B. particular C. private D. public44.A. domestic B. material C. physical D. psychological45.A. complex B. dramatic C. harmless D. predictable46.A. improved B. maximum C. relative D. small47.A. As a rule B. In contrast C. On the whole D. Worse still48.A. convincing B. definite C. probable D. true49.A. estimating B. experiencing C. reducing D. tracing50. A. connection B. power C. promotion D. risk51. A. balanced B. independent C. precise D. subjective52. A. agree B. forget C. object D. remember53. A. equally B. readily C. reluctantly D. weakly54. A. emotion therapy B. social media C. TV broadcasting D. video game55. A. confident B. optimistic C. rough D. wildKeys: 41—45 ADADA 46—50 ABBDD 51—55 CABBCIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Hailing from Sweden, ―plogging‖ is a fitness craze that sees participants pick up plastic litter while jogging - adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport.Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and (41)_______ over plastic levels in the ocean.The appeal of plogging is its (42)_______-- all you need is running gear and a bin bag, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cause. By adding regular squats(蹲) to pick up junk and carrying (43)_______ to jogging, we can assume the health benefits are increased.Running and good causes have always gone (44)_______ - just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn’t be a more on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.Anything that’s getting people out in nature and connecting (45)_______ with their environment is a good thing, says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to (46)_______ our inland waterways of plastic pollution. ―There’s been a real (47)_______ in the public mindset around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet highlighting ho w disastrous the crisis is,‖ she says.We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through (48)_______ like plogging and Plastic Patrol.The Plastic Patrol app allows users to (49)_______ plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and (50)_______ to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. ―I’d urge all ploggers to get involved,‖ adds Carr.Plogging isn’t the first fitness tre nd to combine running with a good cause. Here are some of our favourites:Good GymIts idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back.(51)_______ among the elderly is a growing problem in the UK. With over 10,000 runs so far, (52)_______, Good Gym is finding a solution.Guide RunningGuide runners volunteer their time to helping blind people get (53)_______. By linking themselves together, the (54)_______ - impaired individual can feel safe while both work up a sweat.(55) _______ for the HomelessStart-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so those who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).41. A. satisfaction B. hesitation C. fear D. control42. A. complexity B. simplicity C. instrument D. expense43. A. substance B. responsibility C. value D. weight44. A. one on one B. head to toe C. hand in hand D. on and off45. A. positively B. neutrally C. objectively D. fairly46. A. accuse B. rid C. assure D. rob47. A. shift B. interest C. aid D. delight48. A. motives B. performances C. exercises D. initiatives49. A. eliminate B. map C. seek D. degrade50. A. leading B. devoting C. ending D. uploading51. A. Disappointment B. Tiredness C. Sickness D. Loneliness52. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead53. A. excited B. ready C. active D. smart54. A. visually B. audibly C. visibly D. sensibly55. A. Running B. Plogging C. Driving D. Cycling Keys:41-45 CBDCA46-50 BADBD51-55 DCCADⅢ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Standards for Schools: Developing Organizational Accountability(绩效) Quality teaching depends on teachers'knowledge and skills but on the environment in which they work. Schools need to offer a coherent c m focused on higher-order thinking and performance across subject areas and grades, time for teachers to work41with students to accomplish challenging goals, opportunities for teachers to plan with and learn from one another, and regular occasions to evaluate the outcomes of their42.If schools are to become more responsible, they must, like other professional organizations, make evaluation and assessment part of their everyday lives. Just as hospitals have standing committees of staff that meet regularly to look at evaluation data and discuss the43of each aspect of their work-a practice reinforced by their accreditation( if i) requirements,---schools must have such regular occasions to examine their practice and effectiveness.As Richard Rothstein and his colleagues describe in Grading Education: Getting Accountability Right,school-level accountability can be supported by school _ 44, like those common in many other nations, in which trained experts evaluate schools by spending several days visiting classrooms,45 samples of student work, and interviewing students about their understanding and their experiences,46looking at objective data such as test scores, graduation rates, and so on. In some cases, principals accompany the inspectors into classrooms and are asked for their own evaluations of the lessons. In this way, the inspectors are able to make _47about the instructional and supervisory competence(能力)of principals. As described earlier, inspectors may also play a role in ensuring the 48 and comparability of school-based assessments(as in Englandand Australia), as well as schools internal assessment and evaluation process(as in Hong Kong).I n most countries’ inspection systems, schools are rated on the quality of instruction and other services and supports, as well as students’49and progress in a wide range of aspects, including and going beyond academic subject areas, such as extra-curricular, personal and social_ 50, the acquisition of workplace skills and the51to which students are encouraged to adopt safe practices and a 52 lifestyle. Schools are rated as to whether they pass inspection, need modest improvements, or require serious intervention(介入), and they receive extensive feedbackon what the inspections both saw and _53_. Reports are publicly posted. Schools requiring intervention are then given more expert 54 and support, and are placed on a more frequent schedule of visits. Those that persistently fail to pass may be placed under local government control and could be_ 55 if they are not improved.41. A. occasionally B. closely C. strictly D. peacefully42. A. challenges B. competence C. curriculum D. practices43. A. effectiveness B. faults C. progress D. requirements44. A. instruction B. protection C. inspection D. consideration45. A. taking B. improving C. examining D. copying46. A. as far as B. rather than C. other than D. as well as47. A. judgments B. decisions C. inquiries D. suggestions48. A. quantity B. quality C. instruction D. support49. A. education B. performance C. attention D. interest50. A. responsibility B. structure C. resources D. benefits51. A. frequency B. cons C. satisfaction D. extent52. A. comparable B. health C. different D. unique53. A. appreciated B. criticized C. recommended D. rewarded54. A. attention B. programs C. evaluation D. explanations55. A. set down B. put down C. closed down D. pulled downKeys:41-45 BDACC 46-50 DABBA 50-55 DBCACIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. __(41)__ regular practice might include mindless repetitions, deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving __(42)__.The greatest __(43)__ of deliberate practice is to remain focused. In the beginning, showing up is the most important thing. But after a while we begin to carelessly __(44)__ small errors and miss daily opportunities for improvement. This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to __(45)__ repeated behaviors into automatic habits. __(46)__, when you first learned to tie your shoes you had to think carefully about each step of the process. Today, after many repetitions, your brain can perform this sequence __(47)__. The more we repeat a task the more mindless it becomes.Mindless activity is the __(48)__ of deliberate practice. The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes __(49)__. Too often, we think we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In __(50)__, we are merely reinforcing(加强) our current habits — not improving them.Claiming that improvement requires attention and effort sounds logical enough. But what does deliberate practice actually look like in the real world?The first effective feedback system is __(51)__. This holds true for the number of pages we read, the number of pushups we do, the number of sales calls we make, and any other task that is important to us. It is only through measurement that we have any __(52)__ of whether we are getting better or worse.The second effective feedback system is coaching. One consistent finding across disciplines is that coaches are often essential for __(53)__ deliberate practice. In many cases, it is nearly impossible to both perform a task and measure your progress at the same time. Good coaches can track your progress, find small ways to improve, and hold you __(54)__ to delivering your best effort each day.Deliberate practice is not a comfortable activity. It requires sustained effort and concentration, but if you can manage to maintain your focus and __(55)__, then the promise of deliberate practice is quite tempt ing: to get the most out of what you’ve got.41. A. Since B. Whether C. While D. As42. A. awareness B. performance C. enjoyment D. intelligence43. A. equivalent B. ambition C. challenge D. appeal44. A. overlook B. insert C. detect D. implement45. A. transport B. translate C. transplant D. transform46. A. For example B. On the contrary C. As a result D. On the other hand47. A. carelessly B. accurately C. instantly D. automatically48. A. outcome B. enemy C. source D. substitute49. A. distracted B. imposed C. assumed D. noted50. A. reality B. despair C. contrast D. return51. A. encouragement B. compliment C. measurement D. management52. A. motivation B. proof C. trouble D. concern53. A. resisting B. eliminating C. defining D. sustaining54. A. accountable B. opposed C. addicted D. parallel55. A. existence B. commitment C. dignity D. perspectiveKeys:41-45CBCAD 46-50 ADBCA 51-55 CBDABIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 1960, considerable scientific researches have been done on chimps in their natural habitats. Astonishingly, scientists have found out that the social 41 of Chimps are very similar to humans. Chimps will 42 in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect theirterritory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct to 43 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly 44 to share food with their children. who are able from a young age to gather their own food?In the laboratory, chimps don't 45 share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull 46 —he just doesn't care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.Human children, 47 , are extremely cooperative From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this48in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 49 in young children. One is that these 50 appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave 51 Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence 52 in children before their general cognitive skills, at least when compared with chimps In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the 53 world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.The core of what children's minds have and chimps'don't is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can 54 what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a "we", a group that intends to work toward a(n) 55 goal.41. A structures B. policies C. behaviorsD. responsibilities42. A. conflict B cooperate C. offend D negotiate43. A. trust B. contact C. isolate D. help44. A. decline B. manage C. attempt D. oblige45. A. curiously B. reluctantly C. naturally D. carelessly46. A. in turn B. at random C. with care D in advance47. A. all in all B. as a result C. in no case D.ontheother hand48. A cooperativeness B. availability C. interrelationship D. attractiveness49. A. cultivated B. motivated C. possessed D. stimulated50. A. attitudes B. instincts C. experiences D. coincidences51. A. creatively B. formally C. socially D. competitively52. A. develops B. decreases C. changes D. disappears53. A. abstract B. invisible C. imaginary D. physical54. A. infer B. adapt C. absorb D. balance55. A. realistic B. shared C. specific D. ambitious Keys: 41-45 CBDAC 46-50 BDACB 51-55 CADABIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard 41 : keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity? Do some kinds of personalities 42 longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by 43 the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing more 44 and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people, long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a(n) 45 life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: Those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough 46 to make it through tough times.Interestingly, 47 , other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, 48 , were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being 49 to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people whoare fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your 50 as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should 51 to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mothers personality may also help 52 your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28, 000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids 53 diets, Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn't destin(命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health. Therefore, it might be 54 to form those personality traits contributing to longevity through health-related behaviours,stress reduction and 55 to the challenging problems.41. A. statements B. definitions C. applications D. explanations42. A. result from B. lead to C. rely on D. consist of43. A. assessing B. interviewing C. examining D. diagnosing44. A. active B. extensive C. persuasive D. sensitive45. A. agreeable B. normal C. changeable D. formal46. A. resources B. associations C. procedures D. interactions47. A. therefore B. however C. furthermore D. otherwise48. A. in other words B. as usual C. in addition D. for instance49. A. resistant B. open C. blind D. alert50. A. perspective B. ambition C. personality D. philosophy51. A. reject B. strive C. claim D. oppose52. A. extend B. restrict C. shorten D. determine53. A. unhealthy B. nutritious C. adequate D. moderate54. A. predictable B. advisable C. sustainable D. enjoyable55. A. temptation B. introduction C. adaptation D. objection KEYS: 41-45 DBCAB 46-50 ABDBC 51-55 BDABCEight【20182静安区】"Don't get sick in July."This is a common refrain in teaching hospitals. It's driven by the academic calendar: July is when the new interns —fresh out of medical school —start work.In other words, it's when everyone is most ____41_____. The theory is that this disadvantage leads to mistakes.So is medical experience good or bad?Well, in most cases, your doctor's experience is very helpful, allowing her to pick up on a(n) ____42_____ symptom early in a disease process, when machines still can’t take a hand. She can also determine the right treatment when your condition falls outside of what is in the ____43_____, where newbies get most of their ideas. For many medical treatments, there's a direct connection between physician experience and your treatment outcome.In a variety of situations, though, experience can backfire, The reason is simple ____44_____. Doctors are human too, and they ____45____ tricks to the mind —like believing that an ineffective treatment really works. In fact, entire fields of research are devoted to understanding why these errors of thought occur. They ____46____ from so-called cognitive prejudice that can mislead even ____47____practitioners into making the wrong decisions.Doctors are usually locked onto a diagnosis early and disregard new and ____48____ information. For example, a patient may be diagnosed with a quickly fatal cancer, but then ends up trying various herbal remedies and lives for 30 more years. Instead of analyzing the ___49___ diagnosis, the patient, and maybe even the doctor, may assume that the herbal remedies cured the cancer.Also, some experienced doctors tend to believe evidence when it supports their previous opinionwhile subconsciously ignoring information that opposing it. Let's say your doctor is pretty certain you have ill digestion and orders a test to ____50_____ the suspicion, which produces negative result. But she treats you for ill digestion anyway because she was ____51____with the prior diagnosis by experience.In fact, there are clearly many benefits to having a highly experienced doctor, such as technically proficiency. But there may actually be some unexpected benefits to having a less- experienced one too. She may have a more up-to-date education, boundless energy and perhaps is less vulnerable to biases, freed from the same ____52___ for years.To safeguard yourself as a patient, one thing you should always do is ____53____.It may not always be possible to determine that your doctor has met with an unconscious thinking _____54____. But asking questions does force your doctor to think and ____55___her decisionabout your care.41. A. innocent B. productive C. inexperienced D. prohibited42. A. slight B. objective C. complex D. sustainable43. A. media B. tradition C. reality D. textbook44. A. psychology B. education C. procedure D. priority45. A.take advantage of B. make sense of C. fall victim to D. play fire with46. A. spring B. depart C. benefit D. distinguish47. A. highly-motivated B. well-seasoned C. deeply-offended D. wide-eyed48. A. moderate B. visible C. conflicting D. permanent49. A. initial B. tough C.multiple D. private50. A. evaluate B. operate C. confirm D. revise51. A. preoccupied B. labelled C. associated D. revise52. A. professional circle B. thinking patternC..academic backgroundD. operating order53. A. investigating B. questioning C. monitoring D. observing54. A. obstacle B. trap C. horizon D. struggle55. A. practice B. accommodate C. justify D. removeKeys: 41-45: CADAC 46-50 ABCAC 51-55 ABBBCIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Companies Doing the Most to Make Their Employees HappierFat paychecks, light workloads, and endless vacation days don’t necessarily add to happy。

2020届上海市高三英语16区二模汇编--完型填空

2020届上海市⾼三英语16区⼆模汇编--完型填空2020届⾼三英语⼆模汇编——完型填空1、2020黄浦⼆模Directions:For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Retailers(零售商)closed more than 9,000 stores in 2019. Some people call what has happened to the shopping landscape “the retail ___41___.” It is easy to owe it to the rise of e-commerce, which has boomed while physical stores struggle. But this can be ___42___. Online sales have grown tremendously in the last 20 years, but internet shopping still represents only 11 percent of the entire retail sales total. Collectively, three major ___43___ forces have had an even bigger impact on physical retail than the internet has.To begin with, we have changed ___44___ we shop — away from smaller stores like those in malls and toward stand-alone “Big Box” stores, which is a greater problem for most physical stores.Also, rising income ___45___ has left less of the nation’s money in the hands of the middle class, and the traditional retail stores that ___46___ them have suffered. It is estimated that since 1970, the share of the nation’s income earned by families in the middle class has fallen from almost two-thirds to around 40 percent. As the ___47___ of income at the top rises, overall retail suffers simply because high-income people save a much larger share of their money. The government reports___48___ for different income levels in the official Consumer Expenditure Survey. In the latest data, people in the top 10 percent of income ___49___ almost a third of their income after tax, while people in the middle of the income distribution spent 100 percent of their income. ___50___, as the middle class has been squeezed and more has gone to the top, it has meant higher saving rates overall.Lastly, we have spent ___51___ less of income on things and more on services with every passing decade. Since 1960, we went from spending 5 percent of our income on health to almost 18 percent. We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren’t ___52___ in traditional retail stores. Economists debate theories of why people have ___53___ to services and away from goods, but no one questions that it has happened. It means that over time, retailers selling ___54___ will have to run harder and harder just to stay in place.In short, the broad forces hitting retail are more a lesson in economics than in the power of ___55___. It’s a lesson all retailers will have to learn some day.41. A. business B. disaster C. investment D. strategy42. A. advanced B. confirmed C. overstated D. undervalued43. A. economic B. legal C. physical D. political44. A. how B. what C. where D. why45. A. distribution B. inequality C. level D. tax46. A. aim at B. approve of C. compete with D. stem from47. A. concentration B. influence C. security D. source48. A. education B. employment C. housing D. spending49. A. concealed B. donated C. earned D. saved50. A. Instead B. However C. Moreover D. Therefore51. A. cautiously B. intelligently C. proportionately D. prospectively52. A. available B. insufficient C. popular D. uncommon53. A. applied B. committed C. shifted D. tied54. A. ideas B. patents C. services D. things55. A. consumption B. habit C. income D. technology【答案】41-45: BCACB46-50: AADDD51-55: CACDD【难度】中等偏难2、2020普陀⼆模Growing Adoption of Green CleaningWhen we clean the bathroom, we’ve got all kinds of stuff to help us out: a cleaning solution that removes dirty marks from the shower walls and something in a squeeze bottle that makes the toilet sparkling clean. When all is done, the room is neat and clean, ___41___ dirt and bacteria. There’s just one problem — the ___42___ we used to clean can be harmful to people and the environment. For this reason, many people say that traditional cleaners should be ___43___ and replaced with less harmful “green” products.The problem ___44___ the fact that some cleaning products contain harsh chemicals that just aren’t healthy for humans, animals, or the planet. Think of the ___45___ coming from a factory and getting into the air. The smoke creates air pollution, which harms the environment and makes us feel ill when we breathe it in. ___46___, the chemicals in cleaning products pollute the air and can hurt us when we breathe them in or when they get on our skin. However, not all cleaning products are harmful. Green products, which do not contain harsh chemicals, are said to be good ___47___ because they are effective at cleaning and are safe for people and for the planet.___48___ about chemicals has led many states to require schools and government buildings to use environmentally friendly cleaning products instead of products containing poisonous chemicals. Last year, 10 states required the use of green products and at least 5 other states were considering ___49___ in support of these products.A proposed bill would apply to bathroom and floor cleaners, hand soap, toilet paper, paper towels, and etc.Many green cleaning products are widely available at prices ___50___ traditional products. In some cases, manufacturers receive green certifications for products they have long had on the market, and the prices of these products remain low. But not everyone shares the view about the ___51___ of green products. Toilet paper, trash bags and paper towel made from recycled materials can cost up to 20% more than traditional products, said Stephen, director of the Green Cleaning Network. So, ___52___ of the proposed legislation are concerned about the potentially higher costs for some green products. These critics say that states should not determine which products ___53___ institutes and agencies must buy, especially if they increase costs, since many universities are already struggling financially. Some states have made compromises (妥协) to help ___54___ concerns about costs. In Wisconsin, a recent adjustment to the bill would give schools and agencies three years instead of one to begin using green products. It would also ___55___ them to quit if they could show that their costs would increase.41. A. far from B. free of C. none but D. filled with42. A. brushes B. cloth C. solutions D. paper43. A. recycled B. renewed C. reserved D. rejected44. A. accounts for B. results in C. stems from D. turns out45. A. smoke B. drains C. products D. spray46. A. Nevertheless B. Similarly C. Obviously D. Meanwhile47. A. alternatives B. maintenance C. production D. resolutions48. A. Complaint B. Concern C. Investigation D. Knowledge49. A. campaign B. debate C. legislation D. vote50. A. higher than B. cheaper than C. similar to D. based on51. A. affordability B. availability C. feasibility D. practicality52. A. supporters B. directors C. lawyers D. opponents53. A. academic B. industrial C. medical D. financial54. A. evaluate B. emphasize C. voice D. address55. A. advise B. encourage C. allow D. sponsor【难度】中等3、2020徐汇⼆模The true purpose of a business, Peter Drucker said, is to create and keep customers. “Customer value” has several definitions. I use the 41to mean the total lifetime value of a company’s customer base. Companies can increase this value by 42more customers, earning more business from existing ones, keeping them longer, making their experience simpler through digital improvements and so on. 43leaders have long understood the importance of concentrating on customer value rather than pursuing short-term profits or quarterly earnings, and they’ve become enduring customer loyalty leaders in the process. It’s worth noting that a number of loyalty-leading companies are able to 44shareholder pressure, or avoid it altogether, because they are founder-led, customer-owned, or not publicly traded.Companies can 45customer value in a variety of ways: To increase 46, enterprise software companies sometimes charge corporate customers change fees that can raise the total cost of ownership to as much as three times the original price. To reduce operating costs, restaurant chains sometimes 47frozen and precooked ingredients in place of fresh and made-to-order food. The resulting profits may look good on the income statement. Such strategies may even lead to short-term earnings growth. But they also 48potential customers and encourage disloyalty.Given the importance of customer value, leaders should track it as much as they track other key assets (资产), such as buildings, machinery, and marketable securities. They also should reveal it in their quarterly and annual earnings releases so that investors can make 49judgments about company performance and how it compares with that of industry peers. But most companies 50 believe that measuring customer value is too difficult or costly. They continue to rely on a centuries-old accounting tradition that emphasizes physical and financial assets, and neither income statements nor balance sheets offer much 51into the value of a company’s customers.As investors wake up to the importance of customer value, however, many growth-stage companies now direct investors’attention to 52in growing the value of their customer base. Some public companies increasingly report various types of customer value metrics (指标). One of the UK’s top energy suppliers E.ON, 53, reports year-over-year customer counts in its financial report. “As a customer-focused company,” E.ON noted, “we see customer value as crucial to our success.”This is a start, but because there are no customer-value reporting standards or requirements, investors still have a(n)54picture. The minority of companies that do provide customer value information decide for themselves what to disclose. 55, firms may calculate customer metrics differently or change them to tell a desired story, or simply stop reporting them if they fail to go with the company’s preferred narrative.41. A. item B. version C. term D. definition42. A. persuading B. consulting C. acquiring D. inspecting43. A. Considerate B. Visionary C. Determined D. Powerful44. A. resist B. relieve C. intensify D. maintain45. A. raise B. adopt C. calculate D. destroy46. A. income B. experience C. productivity D. demand47. A. separate B. substitute C. forbid D. combine48. A. appeal to B. rely on C. put down D. scare off49. A. informed B. subjective C. definitive D. independent50. A. fully B. hardly C. readily D. wrongly51. A. suspicion B. extension C. literacy D. visibility52. A. sacrifice B. success C. prejudice D. expense53. A. as a result B. for example C. on the contrary D. in general54. A. incomplete B. depressing C. convincing D. vivid55. A. Instead B. Further C. Otherwise D. Therefore【难度】中等偏难4、2020杨浦⼆模Developments in artificial intelligence, robotics and sensors（传感器）are making houses and apartments smarter than ever. IT'S 6 A.M., and the alarm clock is ringing earlier than usual. It’s not a malfunction: the smart clock scanned your schedule and (41) _________ because you’ve got that big presentation first thing in the morning. Your shower automatically turns on and warms to your preferred temperature. The electric car is (42) ________to go, charged by the solar panels. When you get home later, there’s a(n) (43) _________ package waiting, delivered by drone. You open it to find cold medicine. It turns out that health sensors in your bathroom detected (44) ________ of an approaching illness and placed an order automatically. That at least is the ideal version of the smart home that exists 10 years out. Swedish research firm Berg Insight says 63 million American homes will (45) ________ as “smart” by 2022, with everything from Internet-connected light bulbs to cameras that let us spy on our pets from the office. But a decade from now, experts say, we’ll move from turning the lights on and off with our voices to total engagement in the Internet of Things (IoT). (46) ________ advancements in artificial intelligence, the smartest homes will be able to truly learn about their owners, eventually foretelling their (47) ________. Developments in robotics will give us machines that offer a helping hand with cleaning, cooking and more. New sensors will be (48)________ watching our well-being. (49) ________ to all of this will be the data that smart homes collect, analyze and act upon, helping to turn the houses of the future from a mere collection of devices and accessories into truly “smart” homes. Of course, as our homes learn more about us, keeping them (50) ________ will become all the more important. Every (51)______ that’s connected to the Internet is a potential target for hackers. Therefore, cybersecurity will become all the more vital.A range of technological developments will drive smart-home technology well beyond what’s available on store shelves today. Innovations in artificial intelligence, (52) _______, stand to reverse almost everything in our lives, including our homes. You might already be using some kind of Al-powered voice-assistant device to get the latest news or weather forecast every morning. But in the smart home of the future, those Al platforms could serve as the brain for entire homes, learning about (53) ________ and organizing and automating all of their various smart devices. IT company Crestron, for example, is working on software that (54)________ a person’s habits, like which music they want to hear in the morning or which lights they want to be on at a certain time of the day. Then, once it knows a user’s (55) ________, it automatically plays just the right playlists or dims the lights before bedtime.41. A. attempted B. adjusted C. approved D. assisted42. A. free B. likely C. ready D. eager43. A. unexpected B. disconnected C. unsealed D. misplaced44. A. symbols B. signals C. codes D. signs45. A. serve B. qualify C. behave D. model46. A. In spite of B. Instead of C. In addition to D. Thanks to47. A. needs B. dangers C. instincts D. responses48. A. deeply B. barely C. closely D. manually49. A. Accessible B. Central C. Relative D. Objective50. A. personal B. special C. specific D. secure51. A. camera B. bulb C. device D. model52. A. by contrast B. for example C. in turn D. at least53. A. residents B. operators C. relatives D. consumers54. A. transforms B. tracks C. treats D. trains55. A. conditions B. features C. preferences D. characters【答案】41-55 B C A D B D A C B D C B A B CHigh school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology.School administrators needing to cut budgets often look first to music courses, because the general belief is that students who devote time to music rather than math, science and English, will 41 in those disciplines.“Our research proved this belief 42 and found the more the students engage with music, the better they do in those subjects,”said UBC (University of British Columbia) education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis. “The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and 43 playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades, 44 their socioeconomic background, race, previous learning in mathematics and English, and gender.”Gouzouasis and his team 45 data from all students in public schools in British Columbia who finished Grade 12 between 2012 and 2015. The data 46 , made up of more than 112,000 students, included those who completed at least one standardized exam for math, science and English. Students who studied at least one instrumental music course in the regular curriculum counted as students 47 music.The researchers found the 48 relationships between music education and academic achievement were more pronounced for those who took instrumental music rather than vocal (发声的) music. The findings suggest skills learned in instrumental music 49 very broadly to the students’ learning in school.“Learning to play a musical instrument and playing in a band is very 50 ,” said the study’s co-investigator Martin Guhn, an assistant professor in UBC’s school of population and public health. “A student has to learn to read musical notes, develop eye-hand-mind coordination (协调), develop keen listening skills, develop 51 skills for playing in a band and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in 52 the learner’s cognitive capacities(认知能⼒), executive functions, and motivation to learn in school.”The researchers hope that their findings will be brought to the 53 of students, parents, teachers and administrative decision-makers in education, as many school districts over the years have emphasized mathematics and literacy 54 other areas of learning, particularly music. “However, the amusing aspect is that 55 education can be the very thing that improves all-around academic achievement,” said Gouzouasis.41. A. overbalance B. underperform C. overwork D. underplay42. A. fantastic B. strategic C. embarrassing D. wrong43. A. resisted B. delayed C. deserted D. continued44. A. thanks to B. in contrast to C. regardless of D. by means of45. A. examined B. published C. stored D. exchanged46. A. report B. sample C. analysis D. center47. A. taking B. composing C. sharing D. performing48. A. casual B. symbolic C. predictive D. changeable49. A. transfer B. decline C. attach D. limit50. A. attractive B. distinct C. independent D. demanding51. A. life B. literacy C. team D. survival52. A. altering B. enhancing C. distracting D. labeling53. A. attention B. question C. edge D. glory54. A. in terms of B. as a result of C. in case of D. at the cost of55. A. health B. music C. science D. school【答案】41-55 BDDCA BACAD CBADBWhy do so few people find fulfillment in their work? Amy Wrzesniewski, a Yale School of Management professor who studies these issues, offered an explanation that made a lot of ___41___. Students, she said, “think their calling is under a rock, and if they ___42___ enough rocks, they will find it.”Surveys confirm that meaning is the top thing Millennials (千禧⼀代) say they want from a job. And yet her research shows that less than 50% of people see their work as a calling. So, many of her students are left feeling anxious, ___43___, and completely unsatisfied by the good jobs and careers they do secure.What they—and many of us, I think—fail to realize is that work can be ___44___ even if you don’t think of it as a calling. The four most common occupations in America are retail(零售) salesperson, cashier, food preparer/server, and office clerk—jobs that aren’t typically ___45___ “meaning.” But all have something in common with those professions that are, such as teachers and doctors: They exist to help others. And as Adam Grant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has shown, people who see their work as a form of ___46___ always rank their jobs as more meaningful.That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization. ___47___, most companies create products or services to fill a need in the world, and all employees contribute in their own ways. The key is to become more conscious about the service you’re providing—___48___ and personally.How? One strategy is to constantly remind yourself of your organization’s main ___49___. Life Is Good is a clothing company best known for colorful T-shirts with stick-figure designs, but its mission is to spread ___50___ and hope throughout the world, and that’s something even storeroom employees understand. If you work for an accounting firm, you’re helping people or companies with the ___51___ task of doing their taxes. Each job serves a purpose in the world.Even if you can’t get excited about your company’s mission or customers, you can still adopt a service attitude by thinking about how your work ___52___ those you love. Consider a study of women working in a shoe factory in Mexico. Researchers found that those who described the work as dull were generally less productive than those who said it was___53___. But the effects went away for those in the former group who saw the work (however boring) as a way to support their families. With that attitude, they were just as productive and ___54___ as the workers who didn’t mind the task.Not everyone finds their one true calling. But that doesn’t mean we’re fated to work meaningless jobs. If we ___55___ our tasks as opportunities to help others, any occupation can feel more significant.41.A. progress B. trouble C. sense D. difference42.A. carve out B. turn over C. pile up D. keep off43.A. frustrated B. shocked C. inspired D. excited44.A. meaningful B. demanding C. repetitive D. challenging45.A. distinguished from B. exposed to C.associated with D. defined as46.A. understanding B. existing C. producing D. giving47.A.In conclusion B.After all C. By comparison D. In addition48.A. as a whole B. in this way C. in public D. on average49.A. advantage B. business C. objective D. construction50.A. optimism B. information C. designs D. strategies51.A. unpleasant B. dangerous C. productive D. urgent52.A. gathers B. benefits C. worries D. entertains53.A. embarrassing B. rewarding C. rough D. temporary54.A. relaxed B. surprised C. confused D. energized55.A. assign B. abandon C. neglect D. reframe【答案】41-45 CBAAC46-50 DBACA51-55 ABBDDAn artificial intelligence can accurately translate thoughts into sentences, at least for a limited vocabulary of 250 words. The system may bring us a step closer to ___41___ speech to people who have lost the ability.Joseph Makin at the University of California, San Francisco, and his colleagues used deep learning algorithms (算法) to study the brain ___42___ of four women as they spoke. The women, who all suffer from a certain kind of brain disorder, already had a device attached to their brains to monitor disease attacks.Each woman was asked to read aloud from a set of sentences as the team ___43___ brain activity. The largest group of sentences ___44___ 250 unique words. The team fed this brain activity to a network algorithm related to nerves, training it to ___45___ regularly occurring patterns that could be linked to repeated aspects of speech. These patterns were then fed to a second network, which tried to turn them into words to ___46___ a sentence.Each woman repeated the sentences at least twice, and the final repetition was not used for part of the training data,___47___ the researchers to test the system. Each time a person speaks the same sentence, the brain activity connected will be similar but not exactly the same. “Memorizing the brain activity of these sentences wouldn’t help, ___48___ the network instead has to learn what’s similar about them so that it can generalize to this final example,” says Makin. Across the four women, the AI’s best performance was an average translation error rate of 3 per cent.Makin says that using a small number of sentences made it ___49___ for the AI to learn which words tend to follow others. For example, the AI was able to ___50___ that “Bear” was always likely to follow the word “Teddy” in a certain set of sentences, from brain activity alone.The team tried transforming the brain signal data into ___51___ words at a time, rather than whole sentences, but this___52___ the error rate to 38 per cent even for the best performance. “So the network clearly is learning facts about which words go together, and not just which brain activity is ___53___ with which words,” says Makin.This will make it hard to scale up the system to a/an ___54___ vocabulary because each new word increases the number of possible sentences, reducing ___55___. Sophie Scott at University College London says we are still a long way from being able to translate brain signal data comprehensively.41. A. assigning B. conveying C. restoring D. introducing42. A. systems B. signals C. signatures D. symbols43. A. illuminated B. discovered C. measured D. stopped44. A. consisted of B. adjusted to C. agreed with D. focused on45. A. simplify B. identify C. intensify D. justify46. A. understand B. form C. describe D. judge47. A. allowing B. inspiring C. instructing D. advising48. A. because B. so C. if D. but49. A. quicker B. slower C. easier D. tougher50. A. split B. reflect C. decode D. tear51. A. individual B. common C. modified D. technical52. A. increased B. decreased C. leveled D. degraded53. A. furnished B. mixed C. associated D. armed54. A. passive B. active C. limited D. expanded55. A. tendency B. currency C. accuracy D. fluency【答案】41-45 CBCAB 46-50 BABCC 51-55 AACDC【难度】中等偏难8、2020宝⼭⼆模As a child, what did you want to be when you grew up? If you were like most children, you probably let your imagination run 41 . Maybe you dreamed of flying into space or being a famous chef. Then perhaps over the years, your dreams became more 42 . Or you might have given up on some altogether.If that's the case, then today's the day for you. January 13th is Make Your Dreams Come True Day. If you've been 43 fulfilling your dreams, this is the day to make a fresh start.It's important to dream because dreams can give us the 44 to succeed in life. Dreams inspire and motivate us. The great thing about dreams is that there's no 45 to accomplish them right away. They might take a few years or they might take a lifetime to 46 . The important thing is that you're 47 working toward your dream. And the best way to do that is by setting goals.What is the 48 between a dream and a goal? It's been said that dreams are the final destination; goals are the stops along the way.Dreams can be very 49 . But the steps you take to reach them should be very 50 . Your dreams state what you want, but goals explain how you'll get there. That makes goal setting a necessary step in 51 your dreams.Many successful people have spoken about dreams. Former U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell stressed the 52 of working for your dreams. "A dream doesn't become reality through magic: it takes sweat, 53 and hard work. "Author Les Brown reminded us that dreams have no 54 limit. You are never too old to set another goal or to dream a new dream.If you've been dreaming about doing something for years, start today. Write down your dream, and 55 your goals. Then you'll be on your way to making your dreams come true.41.A. fast B. high C. well D. wild42.A. colorful B. amazing C. realistic D. attractive43.A. putting off B. taking off C. getting off D. paying off44.A. opportunity B. direction C. energy D. access45.A. pressure B. doubt C. sense D. need46.A. seek B. achieve C. explain D. design47.A. really B. almost C. always D. hardly48.A. concept B. similarity C. comparison D. difference49.A. unreal B. general C. changeable D. flexible50.A. specific B. abstract C. common D. complicated51.A. imaging B. avoiding C. reaching D. believing52.A. process B. benefit C. consequence D. importance53.A. blood B. determination C. intelligence D. loyalty54.A. age B. extra C. space D. normal55.A. transfer B. convert C. establish D. devote【答案】41-55 DCACA BCDBA CDBAC【难度】中等9、2020奉贤⼆模Making choices is hard. That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has (41) ______ it from his life. As a rule, he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is (42) ______ by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学) (a somewhat new, divisive field) at Northwestern University. As Business Insider describes, Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology, including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that, to (43) ______ happiness, people should "build a life。

上海市各区2019年高三英语二模汇编----完型填空-老师版(已经校对)

III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Throughout history, many lives have been lost at the hands of severe weather. Meteorologists (气象学家) and scientists alike are always investigating new ways to increase the warning time for storms, with the hope of reducing the __41__ of lives. In the past few decades, local weather radar advancements have been made, which allow for better accuracy in __42__ the paths of storms.Meteorologists and scientists have been able to successfully track severe thunderstorms and possible tornadoes by using an advanced tracking system called NEXRAD (Next-Generation Radar). NEXRAD is a tracking network __43__ 158 Doppler weather radars. And during a storm this high-resolution computerized __44__ takes readings on the amount of precipitation (降水) in the air, the movements in the clouds, and the wind speeds.These __45__ are bounced back to a local weather computer, and a colorful image appears on the screen, giving meteorologists a clear picture of what kind of weather is on the horizon. This final image is what you see when the meteorologist breaks in with severe weather reports and warnings. __46__, on your television screen you will see a computer animated image of the approaching storm.If the storm is severe enough, then the National Weather Service (NWS) will __47__ severe weather reports of severe thunderstorm warnings for your area. __48__, the storm captured on the radar will have produced strong readable winds, detectable lightning, and some hail(冰雹). Paying attention to the weather map is __49__ when severe weather is around.On the television screen you will see several colors on the precipitation map, __50__ from blue (the lightest) to black (the heaviest). If the colors for your __51__ area are yellow, take caution. If the colors range between orange and red, take cover immediately, as damaging winds and dangerous lightning have been reported.When local weather radar in Atlanta, Georgia reported high winds,__52__ wind patterns and large hail earlier this year, the National Weather Service issued a tornado __53__. Meteorologistsin the area used the collected data to predict what path the storm would take, __54__ which areas needed to be warned.Thanks to this technology, most residents received the severe weather reports early enough to seek __55__ before the storm hit. Paying attention to your local weather source during severe weather plays a vital role in your safety.41.A. loss B. increase C. protection D. value42.A. changing B. controlling C. predicting D. guiding43.A. faced with B. exposed to C. involved in D. made up of44.A. structure B. system C. mode D. style45.A. figures B. data C. readings D. statistics46. A. Most likely B. Most evidently C. Most interestingly D. Most importantly47.A. decide B. estimate C. handle D. issue48.A. By the way B. In that case C. To some extent D. On the contrary49.A. vital B. reasonable C. normal D. available50.A. expanding B. spreading C. ranging D. extending51.A. proper B. specific C. typical D. regular52.A. straight B. unique C. general D. circular53.A. process B. threat C. warning D. sign54.A. indicating B. recognizing C. revealing D. recommending55.A. rescue B. residence C. support D. shelterKeys:41-45: ACDBC 46-50: ADBAC 51-55: BDCADIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Being Bigger isn’t Necessarily Considered BetterThe firm, which famously started life in 1939, has now declared a new age: that of smaller start-up. By 2014, when Ms Whitman announced HP’s decision to separate its computer and printer business from its corporate hardware and services operations, the company had grown into a clumsy __41__. Its fortunes started to __42__ with a series of expensive and much criticized purchases. By 2012 it had lost its position as the world’s leading supplier of PCs to Lenovo. The dramatic __43__ was aimed at helping the firm adapt to the new age of mobile and online computing, responding to shareholder demands for more aggressive __44__.“I would go from laser jet printing to our big enterprise services contracts where we were running the back end of IT for many big companies and organizations. These two things are not like each other. So the ability to focus and engage with customers on a(n) __45__ set of objectives and business outcomes... I can already see the difference.” Ms Whitmann, who now heads the new spin-off, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE) selling servers and services, says the change has already __46__ her performance. “One big change is it __47__ each of the divisions to pursue the strategy that is right for them. __48__ , there is ‘no way’ printer and PC company HP Inc’s decision last year to buy Samsung’s printing business for $1bn would have happened when it was part of the larger firm. So it’s that ability to drive your own program, not __49__ by other businesses that don’t have the same characteristics.” Ms Whitman is so convinced her strategy is working that she’s __50__ HPE further, spinning off both its business services division and its software business into separate companies last year.Her assumption that bigger doesn’t always mea n better seems __51__. After all, a larger company should find it easier to dominate the market it operates in. But the rapid rise of much smaller start-ups, competing and often overtaking these established powerful companies means the accepted wisdom that __52__ equals success is being challenged. __53__ in 2014, eBay carved PayPal, the electronic payments arm it bought in 2001, off from the main online sale business.Box, a cloud storage company, is another case in point. Founder Aaron Levie says “Whether Uber, Airbnb, those same lessons __54__, which is if you can build something that’s cheaper, faster and more scalable and delivers a far better customer experience than what the traditional sellers were able to do, then you can be extremely __55__.”41. A. appearance B. construction C. giant D. possession42. A. decline B. increase C. stay D. vary43. A. adventure B. combination C. development D. split44. A. behavior B. growth C. markets D. policies45. A. ambitious B. complex C. narrow D. overall46. A. delivered B. improved C. measured D. standardized47. A. allows B. employs C. reminds D. threatens48. A. All in all B. For example C. On the contrary D. What’s more49. A. held back B. kept on C. looked over D. taken down50. A. dissolved B. expanded C. operated D. shrunk51. A. fundamental B. reasonable C. surprising D. widespread52. A. diligence B. discipline C. profit D. size53. A. Comparatively B. Generally C. Similarly D. Unexpectedly54. A. apply B. fail C. hide D. increase55. A. friendly B. miserable C. motivated D. troublesomeKeys:41-45 CADBC 46-50 BABAD 51-55 CDCADⅢ. Reading comprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Have We Reached Peak Trade?Globalization is usually defined as the free movement of people, goods and capital. It’s been the most important __41__ force of modernity. Until the financial crisis of 2008, global trade grew twice as fast as the global economy itself. __42__, thanks to both economics and politics, globalization as we have known it is developing fast.The question is: Have we reached peak trade? If you think of it in terms of the flow of digital data and ideas, no—it’s actually __43__. Indeed, the cross-border flow of digital data—e-commerce, web searches, online video, machine-to-machine interactions—has grown 45 times larger since 2005 and is __44__ to grow much faster than the global economy over the next few years.There’s no doubt globalization has increased wealth at both global and national levels. But free trade can also widen the __45__ gap within countries, in part by creating concentrated groups of economic losers. Free trade has made goods and services cheaper for Americans—think of all the inexpensive Chinese-made goods at Walmart—but it hasn’t always __46__ their job prospects. From 1990 to 2008, the areas most __47__ to foreign competition saw almost no net new jobs created. That’s one reason the new generation of Americans is on track to be _-48__ than their parents.The gains of free trade do not always __49__ the losses. This realization that the tide of __50__ doesn’t raise all boats has fed into the anti-free trade movement. And companies themselves are __51__ globalization.Nevertheless, there is one reason to be __52__ about the future of globalization—at least, the new information-based kind. McKinsey data estimate that the companies responsible for the jump in flows of digital goods, services and information will include a much higher proportion of small businesses than in the past. An estimated 86% of tech-based startups surveyed by McKinsey now do some cross-border business-- __53__ before the arrival of the Internet, when globalization was dominated by super powers. That means that more of the wealth generated by globalization couldflow down to the 80% of the population that hasn’t __54__ as much as it should have.If those individuals feel they are being empowered by open borders and freer trade, it could help swing the political pendulum（钟摆）back toward globalization in some form. Despite its laws, it has been an economic force that has lifted more people out of __55__ than anything else the world has ever known.41. A. political B. cultural C. economic D. natural42. A. Otherwise B. Hence C. Moreover D. Yet43. A. depressing B. increasing C. approving D. operating44. A. projected B. tracked C. signaled D. needed45. A. price B. welfare C. pension D. wealth46. A. ruined B. helped C. foreseen D. reversed47. A. resistant B. suited C. exposed D. inaccessible48. A. happier B. healthier C. wealthier D. poorer49. A. outweigh B. balance C. suffer D. substitute50. A. materialism B. modernization C. globalization D. consumption51. A. withdrawing from B. counting on C. profiting from D. insisting on52. A. confused B. concerned C. optimistic D. curious53. A. adaptable B. accessible C. affordable D. impossible54. A. striven B. consumed C. benefited D. digested55. A. fear B. poverty C. frustration D. embarrassment Keys:41-45 C D B A D 46-50 B C D A C 51-55 A C D C BIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ask Siri if she’s a woman. Go ahead; try it. She’ll tell you she’s ___41___. “Like cacti. And certain species of fish,” she might say. So is Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, Samsung’s S Voice, and Google Now. But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women. 42 , we think of them as ladies too. (In Old Norse, Siri transla tes to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory.”) We assign female pronouns to them, and, in turn, they fold feminine turns of phrase into their robotic and occasionally inane answers to our requests.If we prize gender diversity in other areas of daily life, why does our tech sound so_____43____? The biggest reason for the female phone fixation rests in social science. “Research indicates there’s likely to be greater acceptance of female____44_____,” says Karl MacDorman, an associate professor at Indiana University who specializes in human-computer interaction. MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders, then asked them to identify which they _____45_____. The researchers also measured the way participants responded to the voices. In a 2011 paper, they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer. ____46_____, women even showed a subconscious preference for responding to females; men remained subconsciously neutral.Why the_____47____? Stanford University communications professor Clifford Nass, who coauthored the field’s seminal book,Wired for Speech, wrote that people tend to perceive female voices as helping them solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. We want ____48_____ to help us, but we also want to be the boss of it, so we are more likely to opt for a female interface.This tendency suggests that companies will make a better impression on a _____49____ group of customers with a woman’s voice. But not just any voice. It has to _____50_____ a brand’s personality. For help with that, companies often turn to Greg Pal, vice president of marketing, strategy, and business development at Nuance Communications, which licenses its ____51_____ of more than 100 voices. Pal insists that some brands choose male speakers. He turned on his iPhone and pulled up the Domino’s Pizza app, which has an assistant,Dom. He sounded like my high school English teacher—educated and helpful but not_____52_____. That’s about right for a brand attempting to ____53_____ guys ordering pies before the big game.As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already let you ____54____ a voice interface. Homer Simpson can tell you where to take a left on your GPS device. And Siri can become a sir, if you take the time to ___55_____. Want to know how to do it? Ask her. She’ll tell you in her uniquely warm, helpful—and female—tone.41. A. robotic B. high-tech C. genderless D. creative42. A. Culturally B. Obviously C. Grammatically D. Undoubtedly43. A. female B. ridiculous C. professional D. reasonable44. A. charm B. researchers C. speech D. participants45. A. accepted B. misunderstood C. studied D. preferred46. A. In practice B. On the contrary C. By this means D. At first47. A. neutrality B. prejudice C. authority D. conscience48. A. interaction B. technology C. personality D. society49. A. more sociable B. more talented C. broader D. wealthier50. A. improve B. develop C. admire D. suit51. A. market B. business C. research D. library52. A. strange B. bossy C. reliable D. unique53. A. appeal to B. look into C. meet with D. run after54. A. build B. tailor C. play D. improve55. A. repeat B. assist C. reprogram D. communicateKeys:41-45 CAACD 46-50 ABBCD 51-55 DBABCIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Paris agreement to fight climate change became international law Friday. The landmark deal aims to deal with global warming among growing (41)______ that the world is becoming hotter even faster than scientists expected.So far, 96 countries, accounting for just over two-thirds of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, have formally joined the agreement, which (42)______ to limit global warming this century to 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above what it was before machines and (43)______ appeared in the late 1700s. The United States (44) ______ entered into the agreement in September, and more countries are expected to come aboard in the coming weeks and months.United Nations Secretary General Ban-Ki Moon celebrated the event, talking with nongovernmental groups at U.N. headquarters in New York to hear their concerns and (45)______ for the future.“This is an emotional moment for me. It is a credit to all of you. And it is (46)______ for the world,” Ban said in his opening remarks.He praised the (47)______ for getting hundreds of millions of people to back fighting climate change but (48)______ the outcome remained uncertain.“We are still in a race (49)______ time. We need to move on to a low-emission and climate-sustainable future,” Ban added.Scientists praised the speed at which the agreement, signed by 192 parties last December in Paris, has come into force, saying it shows a new commitment by the international community to (50)_____ a problem that is melting polar ice caps, sending sea levels (51)______and transforming vast areas into desert.“(52)______ the real effect of the agreement after it goes into effect is still uncertain, it is a simple sign that the international society is much more open to alter economic and political behavior to control climate change, which is (53)______ positive,” said Feng Qi, executive director of the School of Environmental and Sustainability Sciences at Kean University in New Jersey.Scientists and (54)______ say the agreement is the first step of a much longer and complicated process of reducing the use of fossil fuels, which currently (55) ______ the majority of the planet’s energy needs and also are the primary drivers of global warming.41. A. applicants B. fears C. observations D. comments42. A. seeks B. allows C. assumes D. seizes43. A. institutions B. laboratories C. committees D. factories44. A. formally B. instantly C. particularly D. generally45. A. prejudices B. approaches C. visions D. concepts46. A. spiritual B. historic C. appropriate D. valueless47. A. agreements B. groups C. headquarters D. emissions48. A. apologized B. denied C. warned D. overlooked49. A. against B. on C. for D. without50. A. avoid B. find C. address D. ignore51. A. falling B. rising C. disappearing D. remaining52. A. Until B. Since C. If D. While53. A. under no circumstances B. on the contraryC. in no caseD. by all means54. A. officers B. policymakers C. employers D. technicians55. A. remove B. preserve C. supply D. restoreKeys:41-45 BADAC 46-50 BBCAC 51-55 BDDBCⅢ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.To Apologize or Not to ApologizeWhy difficult?When we do wrong to someone we know, even not 41 , we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we’re acting as leaders, the circumstances are42 . The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the43 but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every word or expression 44 ,as they become part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness.Why now?The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more 45 . During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology culture—apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more 46than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of 47 apologies. Meanwhile, more and more articles, advice columns, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of 48 apologies. Although they are not carried out in the public place, we can’t neglect the importance of this performance.Why 49 ?Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing, and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target for50 . They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be a strong 51 . Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.Why refuse?Why is it that leaders so often try every means to 52 apologies, even when a publicapology seems to be in order? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even 53risky. Apologies can be signals for admitting mistakes and mistakes can be indication of job insecurity. Leaders may also be afraid that 54 of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. There can be good reasons for hanging tough (硬撑) in tough situations, as we shall see, but it is a high-risk 55 .41. A. immediately B. intentionally C. occasionally D. accidentally42. A. simple B. ridiculous C. abnormal D. different43. A. individual B. company C. family D. society44. A. conflicts B. matters C. appeals D. deceives45. A. urgent B. possible C. necessary D. simple46. A. interestedly B. patiently C. frequently D. hopefully47. A. faithful B. trusty C. immediate D. public48. A. sincere B. acceptable C. private D. positive49. A. bother B. reduce C. regret D. ignore50. A. promotion B. criticism C. appreciation D. identification51. A. personality B. will C. reason D. desire52. A. attempt B. involve C. commit D. avoid53. A. financially B. professionally C. academically D. physically54. A. avoidance B. admission C. involvement D. elimination55. A. fulfillment B. statement C. occupation D. strategy\Keys:41-45 .BDABA 46-50 . CDCAB 51-55. CDBBDIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or; phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Robots’ IntelligenceAs Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly complicated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be 41 , according to computer science professor Stuart Russell if we figure out how to turn human 42 into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’s n ecessary to translate our morals into AI language. 43 , if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the44 children. “You would want that robot 45 with a good set of valu es,” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a46 distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a 47 brought-up person would do.It will be possible to48 more complicated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules. Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are 49 .The biggest 50 with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system that will 51 some kind of taboo(禁忌). One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with a(n) 52 situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps, and ask for 53 from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in 54 , and how to create a set of ethical（伦理的）rules. But if we 55 an answer, robots could be good for humanity.41. A. avoided B. revised C. increased D. rejected42. A. personalities B. behaviors C. intentions D. values43. A. Instead B. For example C. After all D. As a result44. A. special B. demanding C. bright D. starving45. A. preloaded B. downloaded C. uploaded D. upgraded46. A. comfortable B. private C. sufficient D. noticeable47. A. literarily B. independently C. properly D. naturally48. A. manufacture B. install C. introduce D. create49. A. careless B. senseless C. powerless D. thoughtless50. A. doubt B. threat C. concern D. prospect51. A. subject B. prohibit C. observe D. break52. A. similar B. familiar C. unusual D. ideal53. A. permission B. guidance C. feedback D. comment54. A. principle B. moral C. standard D. technology55. A. look into B. pick out C. turn to D. come up withKeys:41-45 ADBDA 46-50 ACDAC 51-55 DCBBDIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The announcement came the day before Thanksgiving, but there was nothing in it to be __41__ for: An experimental Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症) drug many thought would slow the disease’s steady cognitive decline had failed to make a __42__ difference in a massive trial of people with early signs of the illness.Marty Reiswig took the news __43__ .“I was just sad,” he says. “I was really hopeful that it would be life-changing for us.” He doesn’t have Alzheimer’s disease, but he is part of a large __44__ family that’s been bothered by Alzheimer’s for generations. His family has a genetic mutation (变异) that means its carriers will develop Alzheimer’s at a much __45 __ age, usually 30 years earlier than those without the mutation. But there’s also a chance his monthly infusions (输液) include a drug that could __46__ him, his family members and others like them from losing loved ones to Alzheimer’s.The key is early interference, before symptoms are __47__ and brain damage is too extensive. “That’s how you stop the disease,” says Rud y Tanzi, director of the Genetics and Aging Research Unit at Massachusetts General Hospital. “You don’t wait.” The attempt to prevent Alzheimer’s rather than treating it is the most exciting new development in decades. Traditionally, drug companies have __48__ their therapies on patients who already have memory loss, trouble thinking and other signs of dementia (痴呆). It’s been a __49__method. More than 99 percent of all Alzheimer’s drugs have failed tests in the clinic, and the few that have made it to the market only improve some __50__. Not a single medicine has been shown to slow the continuous progression of the disease.__51__, with this new approach, even partial success —an appreciable slowing of brain degeneration —could have a big impact, says Dr. Reisa Sperling, who directs the Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment at Boston’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital. If a drug therapy can __52__ the attack of dementia by five or ten years, she says, “many more people would die of ballroom dancing __53__ in nursing homes.”Developing drugs to prevent Alzheimer’s disease could be a discovery of Nobel proportions. There is no __54__ that the current trials will succeed, but researchers believe they are gettingclose to __55__ what had, until recently, seemed to be on e of medical research’s toughest challenges.41. A. important B. thankful C. hateful D. precious42. A. significant B. racial C. slight D. psychological43. A. happily B. peacefully C. hardly D. hard44. A. extended B. nuclear C. expanding D. single45. A. maturer B. younger C. older D. elder46. A. save B. cure C. stop D. avoid47. A. vague B. tremendous C. unpleasant D. evident48. A. reported B. tested C. established D. invented49. A. losing B. decreasing C. winning D. dropping50. A. symbol B. sign C. symptom D. signal51. A. Additionally B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. However52. A. push on B. push around C. push back D. push forward53. A. instead of B. in the end C. in all D. except for54. A. doubt B. guarantee C. denying D. possibility55. A. meeting B. facing C. accepting D. solving[来源学_科Keys:41-45 BADAB 46-50 CDBAC 51-55 DCABDIII. Reading Comprehension。

上海市高三二模英语试题汇编——完形填空

2013届（2012 学年）上海市高三英语二模一一完形填空（黄浦）When 16-year-old Ella Fitzgerald stepped onto the stage to perform at Harlem's Apollo Theater in 1934, she had no idea that her life was about to change. Her childhood had been 50. After the death of her parents, Fitzgerald had been placed in a boarding school. 51 , the teachers at the school mistreated her, so she ran away. Homeless and orphaned, Fitzgerald was trying her best to 52 on the streets of New York City when she won a contest to perform during an amateur night at the Apollo. She had 53 planned to dance, but at the last second, she decided to sing her mother's favorite song instead. Her performance earned her 54 from several well-known musicians. Ella Fitzgerald went on to become a 55 jazz singer.During a musical career that spanned six decades, Fitzgerald 56 more than 200 albums. She won 13 Grammy Awards, the last of which she received in 1990. She worked with some of the greatest American singers of the twentieth century, including Frank Sinatra, Louis Armstrong, Count Basie, and Dizzy Gillespie. Her talent and charm 57 a wide range of listeners around the world. The worldwide 58 of Ella Fitzgerald helped make jazz a more popular genre.Until the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, the United States 59 African Americancitizens the same treatment that white citizens received. Fitzgerald 's manager and her band _60 to perform at places where discrimination （歧视）was practiced. They also decided not to perform unless they were paid the same amount as white singers and musicians. Ella's fight for 61 received support from numerous celebrity admirers, including Marilyn Monroe. Fitzgerald never took her good fortune for granted. She gave money to charities and organizations that contributed to 62 disadvantages children. For her many civic contributions, in 1992 President George Bush awarded her the Presidential Medal of Honor, one of the highest honors 63 to civilians.In 1991, Fitzgerald gave her 64 performance in New York 's Carnegie Hall. Although Ella Fitzgerald died in 1996, the American First Lady of Song " continues to live in the hearts andears of music lovers worldwide.50. A. rich B. rough C. funny D.happy51. A. Importantly B. Unforgettably C. Naturally D. Unfortunately52. A. survive B. experience C. learn D. stand53. A. strangely B. blindly C. originally D. probably54. A. jealousy B. recognition C. reputation D. gratitude55. A. creative B.dependent C. undiscovered D. distinguished56. A. released B. sold C. copied D. showed57. A. compared with B. appealed to C. composed of D.depended on58. A. celebration B. admiration C. relaxation D. implication59. A. denied B. supported C. offered D. hated60. A. decided B. refused C. started D. afforded61. A. wealth B. future C. equality D. agreement62. A. caring for B. playing with C. preferring to D. picking up63. A. ignorant B. inadequate C. available D. official64. A. best B. vivid C. open D. final50—54 BDACB 55—59 DABBA 60—64 BCACD（浦东）Why do people go to university? There is a popular notion that a college education is something to be endured in order to become __50__ to obtain certain kinds of jobs or to go to graduate school. This is not what we are trying to do at Harvard, nor would we wish to have many students here who took such a（n）__51__ view of a college career.There are several goals we aim to reach in our undergraduate program.The most obvious one is to give knowledge —fairly __52__ knowledge in one field and a more general knowledge of a variety of other subject areas which you may choose according to your interest. But if acquiring knowledge is a self-evident part of a college education, it is __53__the most important. Remarkably few of the facts you learn here will remain in your __54__ for many years, and some of those that do will even be proved __55__ by new knowledge.__56__, we can instill（灌输） certain attitudes of mind —a willingness to accept uncertainty, and the lack of definite truths; independence of mind, and a respect for facts and for the uncomfortable conclusions which facts sometimes lead to.In addition to these __57__ qualities, a college education should try to lay a foundation for the creative use of __58__ time. Some of this capacity can be stimulated in the classroom—in courses in the humanities and the arts. Yet, at least as much __59__ will occur outside the lecture hall—on athletic fields, in music rooms, student theaters, concert halls, and so forth.These are some of the __60__ of a liberal college education as I see them. I cannot resist concluding with a few private thoughts about our new careers at Harvard.To begin with, I hope that we will think __61__ about what we want to accomplish here. It would be__62__ for you to set your sights on some limited goal, such as getting good grades or merely getting into one or another graduate school.Second, I hope that you will give some thought to what you can do for others during your stay here. There are many problems waiting for your help, and many people who could __63__ your efforts.My final bit of advice. Whatever else we do, let us remember not to take ourselves too seriously. However great our problems may seem, however urgent our complaints, they are overshadowed （矍音然失色）by the __64__ of countless other people on our planet.50. A. fascinated B. qualified C. determined D. required51. A. optimistic B. strong C. narrow D. sensitive52. A. concentrated B.expanded C. informed D. illustrated53. A. by far B. far from C. free from D. without doubt54. A. memory B. position C. evaluation D. foundation55. A. useful B. essential C. false D. common56. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Somehow57. A. physical B. inborn C. emotional D. intellectual58. A. business B. study C. experiment D. leisure59. A. appreciation B. stimulation C. participation D. exposure60. A. benefits B. aims C. problems D. achievements61. A. broadly B. honestly C. freely D. continually62. A. fantastic B. magic C. tragic D. basic63. A. suffer from B. profit from C. reflect on D. complain about64. A. inspiration B. difference C. ambitions D. difficulties50~54. BCABA 55~59. CADDB 60~64. BACBD(普陀)Scientists in Norv^tiy have nwrc news for coffee driiikei^s. Researchers have alread); foil IK I evidence that the drink or the beans can help vid th weight loss, 50 one? r d tlcvel (pi rg soixr diseases, p「n”■)出muse Ie growl It p-uLcil agtiinsl LVHiiin lypts olcii nuers and o n tvtti reduce aic ? li 《of prcmrnire death, among many other 51 . Now comes woid that a aip of 52 reduces pi^sical pain.Ilie xurpnsi黑I inding is 53 a sluiiy involv ing 4S volunteers who agietil lo spend 9() niinules pcifonnmg foke coiipircr (asks incanr(o finish otficc work, Tlie m J R were known to 54 pain in L I TC sh(iuldcrs b neck, fbrearms and wrists. The rcscardicrs wiuited to 55 how people with pain and dKise who wert pa in-fee lolentltd (lie pain of such Uisks. As a iikilier of convenieriue, the scienlisi、allo^d people 2 drink colfcc bcfoic taking the test 'to avoid 56 effects of caffeine lack, eg dccrciisai vigsir and 江Icrtncss. sleepiness, and cxhaiisliotV?di?y iq^ir LaLWhen il cume lime lo analyze Lhe 而la, the reseiircheis liom Nor^y? Nt Limiil I idle of Occupational Health and Oslo UnN crsir^ Hospital noticed that the 19 people who dmnk coffee reported a lower 57 讣『pain Lhan the 29 paiplc who didn't In the shoulder% and neck, 58 . the jvenige pain was rated 41 (on a HJO-paint scale) amc^g the coffee drinkers and 55 tbr the non-coffee drinkers. Siinilai gai^ wcic found for all pain sires mcasiuvd, and cotfcc? q'jparoii pin -reduction effect 59 .However, Lhe julhors of Ihu study, which was puhlkhed this week in Llic jo LIT n;J BMC Research Al次$. warn Mat (he insults of lhe study come with ininy 60 . For starters, the reseai j diffs ilon*t know how nuch ai 11 ee the col Ice drinkety cotisiuncd before Liking (he cunipLi ler tasks, 漳］、they dtiubL whellm the colTee dritikers and non-uuike drinkers were 62 in all res pec (N except lor ilicir coffee consunptionH lYoblcirs like tiicsc laid k> 63 rhe inrrnancc of the findings. But rhosu dnubts arc 64 to trouble I I K coffcc drinkers looking for口叩rcasiii not i o cut back m their daily caifeine h Ait50. A. take B. reduce C. increase D. face51. A. profits B. advices C. benefits D. promotions52. A. milk B. water C. coke D. coffee53. A. based on B. fond of C. different from D. qualified for54. A. cause B. endure C. ease D. relieve55. A. warn B. compare C. cure D. treat56. A. unpleasant B. modest C. significant D. positive57. A. tendency B. intention C. intensity D. extension58. A. on the contrary B. as a result C. for instance D. in one word59. A. turned up B. took up C. put up D. gave up60. A. satisfaction B. uncertainties C. consequences D. qualifications61. A. Moreover B. However C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless62. A. contemporary B. similar C. different D. initial63. A. realize B. attach C. demonstrate D. weaken64. A. unlikely B. sensible C. jealous D. miserable50~54 BCDAA 55~59 BACCA 60~64 BABDA（徐汇金山松江）Starting around 1348, the plague（瘟疫）hit the continents of Europe and Asia. As a result, it killed an 50 forty million people. This disease has come to be known as the Black Death. Its victims suffered a horribly painful death 51 by fever and dying, blackened flesh.Although they are not certain, many historians agree that the Black Death probably originated in China and spread through trade 52 , carried by fleas （跳蚤）found on rats.Rats are very common in cities, so these areas were hit the hardest. The disease passed to humans when the fleas would jump from the rats to a human host.Every social group suffered from the Black Death---it was not a discriminating （有识另U 力的）disease. But those who lived in rural settings were sometimes 53 , as were the wealthy,who had less 54 with outsiders and could afford to move to more remote areas in an 55 to spare themselves.The Black Death had many long-term 56 . Certain areas of Europe were nearly57_ after it, including some of its prosperous cities. For example, Bremen, Germany, lost almost 7,000 of its 12,000 inhabitants; Florence, Italy, lost 40,000 of its nearly 90,000; and Paris lost more than 50,000 of its 180,000. Major cities had to create mass graveyards where the dead could be buried. European population only began to 58 again in the last decades of the 15th century.The Black Death also brought about 59 changes. As large numbers of peasants died, there was a shortage of labor. Peasants had 60 spent generations working for the same family, but after the plague hit, they began to take advantage of the labor 61 . Workers62_ many times their usual pay for work and would sometimes move to a new lord or noblewho offered 63 incentives （刺激;鼓励）and working conditions. In this way, the Black Death caused the landowning aristocracy （贵族）to lose much of their power and social 64 .50. A. enormous B. evaluated C. estimated D. expected51. A. characterized B. reported C. specialized D. caused52. A. stations B.goods C. routine D. route53. A. infected B. spread C.spared D. included54. A. contact B. similarities C. exchange D. trade55. A. attraction B. attempt C. effect D. advantage56. A. consequences B. harms C. effect D. correction57. A. bare B. populated C. deserted D. developed58. A. decline B. recover C. motivate D. grow59. A. economic B. racial C. global D. political60. A. barely B. usually C. stubbornly D. previously61. A. boom B. growth C. shortages D. drain62. A. won B. charged C. offered D. sped63. A. higher B. better C. similar D. changing64. A. post B. dream C. system D. position50-54 C ADCA 55-59 BACDA 60-64 DCBBD（杨浦）Joining a book club can be a very rewarding experience introducing you to a world of literature that you normally wouldn't select for yourself. It's a great way to start reading more and gain a deeper understanding on your reading material and allows you to meet other people with50 interest to yours.It's always tempting to select a classic or a book that you loved so much that you are 51 the group will enjoy it too. However book club is also about getting out of your ownliterary 52 zone as much as it is about reading more. Picking something you haven 't readwill mean the story is as 53 for you as for everyone else. A great way to select a book is tocheck for online 54 or ask friends outside the club for their top suggestionsAlthough a book per month sounds 55 , sometimes things get in the way andsuddenly it's the week before book club and you haven't even opened the front cover yet.56 specific evenings for reading or 57 some time during the weekend is a great wayto form a reading habit.Creating a group for your club on 58 media is great way to stay in 59 andallows changes to dates / times to be made with less trouble than texting or phoning. Here you can60 state the book for that month for anyone who has missed it and it is a really nice way to keep each61 by sharing progress and thoughts on the book. This group can be set to be completely 62 so that only members can see the page or 63 with members.Finally book club is a really great way to meet people and to gain a fresh perspective on the books you read. It is also a great way to 64 your passion for reading.50. A. high B. common C. enormous D. unique51. A. surprised B. doubtful C. sure D. familiar52. A. danger B. service C. time D. comfort53. A. exciting B. puzzling C. demanding D. frightening54. A. administration B. presentation C. recommendation D. cooperation55. A. available B. manageable C. incredible D. sociable56. A. scheduling B. spending C. sacrificing D. separating57. A. deciding on B. staying up C. approving of D. setting aside58. A. social B. news C. mass D. multiple59. A. mind B. touch C. confidence D. progress60. A. classically B. firmly C. truthfully D. officially61. A. motivated B. occupied C. accustomed D. associated62. A. political B. private C. professional D. practical63. A. contact B. negotiate C. interact D. bargain64. A. fuel B. cool C. train D. directSection A 50? 54 BCDAC 55 ? 59 BADAB 60 ? 64 DABCA（杨浦静安宝山青浦）Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller__50―, faces practically every company trying to __51__ new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know. While banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally __52__ to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in __53__ for a share in future profits. This they do by __54__ stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the savings of __55__ and organizations, both at home and overseas.When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. __56__, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to __57__ his money.Many of the __58__ needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not __59__. All these require __60__ spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authorities, and nationalized industries __61__ frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange.There is __62__ a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not __63__ the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange __64__ to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.50. A. level B. extent C. scale D. basis51. A. programme B. provide C. develop D. prepare52. A. unexpected B. unwilling C. unbelievable D. uncertain53. A. search B. exchange C. value D. comfort54. A. issuing B. allowing C. producing D. acquiring55. A. immigrants B. investigators C. inheritors D. individuals56. A. Indeed B. In fact C. In addition D. Instead57. A. eliminate B. reflect C. invest D. profit58. A. properties B. appliances C. foundations D. services59. A. function B. experience C. share D. launch60. A. invisible B. continuous C. limited D. economical61. A. therefore B. however C. nevertheless D. otherwise62. A. definitely B. almost C. hardly D. probably63. A. turn down B. depend on C. take over D. put off64. A. releases B. forces C. leaves D. exists50—64 CCBBA DDCDA BACBD（杨浦 3 月）Joining a book club can be a very rewarding experience introducing you to a world of literature that you normally wouldn't select for yourself. It's a great way to start reading more and gain a deeper understanding on your reading material and allows you to meet other people with ___50___ interest to yours.It's always tempting to select a classic or a book that you loved so much that you are ___51___ the group will enjoy it too. However book club is also about getting out of your own literary ___52 ___zone as much as it is about reading more. Picking something you haven ’t readwill mean the story is as ___53___for you as for everyone else. A great way to select a book is to check for online ___54___ or ask friends outside the club for their top suggestionsAlthough a book per month sounds ___55___ , sometimes things get in the way and suddenly it's the week before book club and you haven't even opened the front cover yet. ___56___ specific evenings for reading or ___57___ some time during the weekend is a great way to form a reading habit.Creating a group for your club on ___58___ media is great way to stay in ___59___ and allows changes to dates / times to be made with less trouble than texting or phoning. Here you can 60 state the book for that month for anyone who has missed it and it is a really nice way tokeep each 61 by sharing progress and thoughts on the book. This group can be set to be completely 62 so that only members can see the page or 63 with members.Finally book club is a really great way to meet people and to gain a fresh perspective on the books you read. It is also a great way to 64 your passion for reading.50. A. high B. common C. enormous D. unique51. A. surprised B. doubtful C. sure D. familiar52. A. danger B. service C. time D. comfort53. A. exciting B. puzzling C. demanding D. frightening54. A. administration B. presentation C. recommendation D. cooperation55. A. available B. manageable C. incredible D. sociable56. A. scheduling B. spending C. sacrificing D. separating57. A. deciding on B. staying up C. approving of D. setting aside58. A. social B. news C. mass D. multiple59. A. mind B. touch C. confidence D. progress60. A. classically B. firmly C. truthfully D. officially61. A. motivated B. occupied C. accustomed D. associated62. A. political B. private C. professional D. practical63. A. contact B. negotiate C. interact D. bargain64. A. fuel B. cool C. train D. directSection A 50? 54 BCDAC 55 ? 59 BADAB 60 ? 64 DABCA(闸北)Today's cinema has improved a great deal in presentation. Gone are the golden days when eager crowds were packed on wooden benches in poor buildings, which seemed to be about to 50 in the next minute. Audience were staring,with great interest, at the funny and amusing movements of silent figures on the screen. It was only through the body movements and facial expressions that the characters' feelings could be 5L to the audience .However ,film goers all the same turned ablind eye to the 52 cinema surroundings and seemed crazy about almost all the films. Box office hits were a(n) 53 thing and stories about movie stars took full coverage of the newspaper. They were received with all 54 wordings compared with today's pitiful stars who are all the time alert to such news as divorces or affairs.Nowadays it is quite easy to find a cinema that exceeds the hotel luxury. Cinema are spacious , well-lit places where one can kill time in comfort. Small favours offered by modern cinemas such as the well-printed booklets ,which are 55 available , the mouth-watering snacks on sale and even the gifts are all sending the implied message to the audience that the film to watch will provide the equivalent 56 . Audience, on the other hand, don't always _57 the story. Beforea film is released ,the potential spectator is usually exposed to a(n) 58 of advertisements. Film trailers(预告片) are seen everywhere and crew interviews are televised. And in temptingpeople to enter cinemas ,second to none is 59 .People rely much on friends' advice in choosingfilms.Once the audience have settled on the chair, the cinema is learning from the theatre . The projectionists （放映员）are to give the audience time to prepare themselves for the film. Talk first degrades to a whisper then 60 altogether. Spotlights are focused on the curtains which are drawn slowly apart, often in the 61 of music, to reveal title of the film. Every detail has been designed so thoughtfully that the spectator will never actually see the 62 screen, which will remind him all too sharply that what he is about to see is nothing but different shadows flashing on the white ,However much the cinema tries to 63 theatre ,it fully succeeds .Nothing can 64 theawe and sense of expectation felt by the audience as the curtain is slowly raised.A. disappearB. collapseC. freezeD. riseA. translatedB. respondedC. inventedD. appliedA. specialB. inferiorC. standardD. looseA. uniqueB. memorableC. painfulD. normalA. positiveB. personalC. flexibleD. heatedA. temporarilyB. carefullyC. readilyD. traditionallyA. luxuryB. expenseC. convinienceD. informartionA. proveB. buyC. investigateD. conveyA. explosionB. promotionC. shiftD. spreadA. walls of earsB. seeing is believingC. word of mouthD. grave of teethA. drives outB. wears outC. pays offD. dies awayA. companyB. introductionC. benefitD. endA. decoratedB. distinctC. blankD. mechanicalA. imitateB. guideC. exploitD. replaceA. refer toB. compare withC. suffer fromD. persist inSection A50~54 BABDA 55~59 CABAC 60~64 DACABAvraham Kadar, a physician, faced the challenge of explaining complex medical concepts to children be was treating for many years.50, he found a solution in 1999, and teachers have been gaining the benefits ever since.Kadar created BrainPOP, a（n）51 program consisting of humorous animated （动画的）videos in which a man named Tim and his robot friend Moby__52 various subjects. Thevideos fall into seven types: engineering and technology, science, social studies, English, math, health, and arts and music. From historical figures to recent inventions, they cover over 500 topics, 53 intersts in the subjects though 54 and illustrations. BrainPOP ' smaterials also include quizzes, activities, answers to questions and extra information about each topic.BrainPOP can be used in the classroom or at home through the Internet. It is now 55 everywhere through its apps （应用程序）for mobile devices. BrainPOP alsosupplies resources to different 56: BrainPOP Jr, for younger students, BrainPOP Espanolfor Spanish speakers and BrainPOP ESL for those learning English. Almost 20 percent of American schools have 57 BrainPOP, and its popularity is growing worldwide. Itswebsite, apps and produces have won multiple awards from magazines, websites and other organizations.The reason for BrainPOP ' 58 among teachers is similar: It works. A 2009 studyconducted by SEG Research compared students who used BrainPOP to those who didn ' The BrainPOP users experienced more 59 in vocabulary, reading comprehension, languageskills and science than the other syudents.And the benefits of BrainPOP are not limited to ___60 _________ speakers of English. One award-winning Canadian school with students from many language backgrounds makes BrainPOP available to all itsteachers. They find it ___61 _________________ because it mixes pictures with its presentationsinstead of relying only on language.___62___, a school in the U.S. for students with learning disabilities has found BrainPOP very effective at keeping students engaged and encouraging them to participate. Teachers said taht BrainPOP ’ s quickpace and humor helpstudents ___63 __ interruptions and continue to focus. The kids love the teacher Moby, a robot that cannot speak but communicates with facial expressions andbeeps （发出嘟声）. For more than（虹口）The Making of a SurgeonHow does a doctor recognize the point in time when he is finally a“ surgeon ” ? As my ychief resident （进修医生） drew to a close, I asked myself this question on more than one occasion. The answer, I concluded, was __50__. When you can say to yourself,“ There is no surgical patientI cannot treat competently （胜任地）, treat just __51__ or better than any other surgeon ”-- then, and not until then, you are indeed a surgeon. I was __52__ that point.Take, __53__, the emergency situations that we met almost every night ． The first few monthsof the year I had __54__ the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical resolution to be __55__. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular __56__, I ’ d have trouble getting back to sleep. I ’ d __57__ all the facts of the case and,often, wonder if I had made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, aft er lying __58__ for an hour, I’ d get outof bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the __59__ of mind I needed to relax.Now, in the last month of my residency, __60__ was no longer a problem. Sometimes I still10 years, BrainPOP ’ learn---and ___64 ___ i t. 50. A. At one time 51. A. domestic 52. A. bring up 53. A. cultivating 54. A. changes 55. A. useful 56. A. groups 57. A.studied 58. A. appearance 59. A. difficulties 60. A. popular 61. A. helpful 62. A. Absolutely sfun, learn and 8. By no means B. educational B. contribute to B. appreciating B. concepts B. creative B. stores B. adopted B. existence B. improvement B. foreign B. complex B. Namely B. recognize 8. enjoy63. A. notice 64. A. imitate50~54 CBDAC 55~59 DABDB 60~64 CADCB educational materials C. In the end C. historic C. figure out C. expressing C. humor C. informative C. devices C. invented C. limitation C. practice C. native C. informal C. Originally C. ignore C. explorehave helped students D. On the whole D. medical D. talk about D. following D. science D. accessible D. schools D. produced D. popularity D. challenges D. brilliant D. funny D. Similarly D. picture D. Illustratecouldn ’ t be sure of my decision, but I had learned to accept this as a __61__ problem for a surgeon.I knew that with my knowledge and experience, any decision I ’ d made was certain to be a __62__ one. It was a nice feeling.This all sounds conceited ( 自负的) and I guess it is -- but a surgeon needs conceit. He needs it to encourage him in trying moments when he ’ s bothered by the __63__ and uncertainties thatare part of the practice of medicine. He has to feel that he ’ s as gootedrathsaannd probably bet any other surgeon in the world. Call it conceit -- call it self-confidence; whatever it was, I had it.And it is, I am sure, what a person has to make a(n) __64__ in life.50. A. self-service B. self-appreciation C. self-respect D. self-confidence51. A. more than B. as well as C. other than D. as long as52. A. supporting B. approving C. handling D. approaching53. A. for example B. in reality C. by contrast D. at intervals54. A. valued B. avoided C. feared D. enjoyed55. A. adopted B. applied C. included D. developed56. A. condition B. state C. occasion D. situation57. A. retell B. review C. revise D. remind58. A. awake B. ashamed C. awkward D. asleep59. A. peace B. trouble C. sorrow D. excitement60. A. driving B. reviewing C. sleeping D. operating61. A. medical B. constant C. surgical D. rare62. A. critical B. specific C. proper D. difficult63. A. confidence B. conceit C. solutions D. doubts64. A. effort B. success C. chance D. promise50 —64: DBDAC ADBAA CBCDB。

2022上海十六区高三英语二模汇编 —完形填空(词汇选项翻译)

2022上海高三英语二模完形填空选项汇编1.宝山区imaginable 可想象的intelligible 可理解的powerful 强大的unforgettable 难以忘怀的criminals 罪犯processes 过程details 细节expressions 表达方式consulting 咨询investing 投资conducting 进行enquiring 询问natives 当地居民detectives 侦探officials 官员rivals 对手colleges 大学partners 合伙人relatives 亲戚victims 受害者including 包括representing 代表involving 涉及；参与praising 赞扬urged 敦促helped 帮助warned 警告forced 强迫dearly 深深地fully 充分地highly 非常地earnestly 认真地Therefore 因此Furthermore 此外Meanwhile 同时Then 然后turns to 转向asks for 请求takes down 记下works out 解决dirty 脏的ordinary 普通的special 特别的wet 湿的on top of 在……顶部at the back of 在……后面in front of 在……前面in the middle of 在……中间escape 逃脱emerge 浮现run 奔跑keep 保持invented 发明organized 组织supervised 监督commanded 指挥yard 院子wall 墙壁hole 洞tunnel 隧道2.崇明区theoretical 理论的psychological 心理学的disproportionate 不成比例的unintended 意外的arise from 起因于contribute to 促成take over 接管make up 组成inspire 激发match 匹配protect 保护restrict 限制quit 退出administer 管理compare 比较analyze 分析distinct 独特的predictable 可预测的original 原创的widespread 广泛的restore 恢复imply 暗示miss 错过favor 偏爱embarrassing 尴尬的dangerous 危险的relevant 相关的ridiculous 荒谬的intentionally 故意地temporarily 暂时的automatically 自动地appropriately 适当地influence 影响help 帮助attract 吸引predict 预测admit 承认define 定义address 处理publicize 宣传belongings 所属物品expressions 表达方式characteristics 特征needs 需求civil 民用的digital 数字的legal 法律的natural 自然的frequent 频繁的responsible 负责的peculiar 奇怪的graceful 优美的fair 公平的quick 快速的appealing 吸引人的adequate 足够的leading 领先的innovative 创新的cultural 文化的destructive 破坏性的3.奉贤区figures 数数/数数bursts 数数turns 数数数数数cheers 数数wonder 数数suppose 数数believe 数数wish 数数alerted 数数subjected 数数数required 数数committed 数数refers 数数impresses 数数数数数数reveals 数数matters 数数opposed 数数related 数数数switched 数数exposed 数数devoting 数数adapting 数数exposing 数数engaging 数数loss 数数gain 数数accumulation 数数push 数数possibility 数数数activity 数数capacity 数数responsibility 数数damaging 数数protection 数数prevention 数数hurting 数数infectious 数数数数数comfortable 数数数harmful 数数数beneficial 数数数result in 数数arise from 数数数come out 数数give in 数数exaggerate 数数discount 数数describe 数数regard 数数addressing 数数referring 数数suggesting 数数mentioning 数数process 数数select 数数store 数数ignore 数数deprived 数数disappointed 数数数depressed 数数数discouraged 数数数lowered 降低heightened 提高typical 典型的vague 模糊的attentive 注意的single-minded 心无旁骛的mindless 没头脑的cool-headed 冷静的unnecessary 不必要的unrecognizable不可识别的unusual 不寻常的unwelcome 不受欢迎的preparation 准备decision 决定awareness 意识reaction 反应assigned 分配的shared 共享的fulfilled 实现的practiced 练习的apparent 明显的moderate 适度的positive 积极的damaging 有害的attack 攻击development 发展pressure 压力observation 观察commanded 命令instructed 指示recommended 推荐challenged 挑战making 制造reducing 减少noticing 注意到ignoring 忽视surprisingly 令人惊讶的是instantly 立即unfortunately 不幸地inevitably 不可避免地assessment 评估process 过程investigation 调查experiment 实验performance 表现consequence 结果influence 影响automation 自动化in contrast 相比之下of course 当然on the other hand 另一方面by the way 顺便说一下take over 接管follow on 接着hold up 支撑get away 逃离highlight 强调outperform 优于overthink 过度思考underestimate 低估5黄浦区bump 撞击protest 抗议compete 竞争insure 保险objected 反对announced 宣布responded 回应highlighted 强调curious about 对…感到好奇familiar with 对…熟悉shocked at 对…感到震惊fascinated by 被…迷住environmental 环境的revolutionary 革命的multicultural 多元文化的deliberate 故意的results 结果origins 起源extremes 极端streams 溪流identified 确定recognized 认可combined 结合illustrated 阐明physical 物理的artificial 人工的biological 生物学的physiological 生理的engaged 参与evolved 进化dominated 主导exchanged 交换pioneers 先锋seniors 老人ancestors 祖先inspectors 检查员sensitive 敏感的available 可获得的equivalent 等价的appropriate 合适的approach 方法symbol 象征alternative 替换signal 信号crossing over 跨越counting for 占据according to 根据dating back 追溯到describe 描述reflect 反映interpret 解释resemble 像eventually 最终地similarly 相似地consequently 因此definitely 明确地agriculture 农业vegetation 植被cultivation 耕种generation 一代人6.嘉定区causing 引起experiencing 经历dominating 主宰spreading 传播distress 痛苦forgetfulness 健忘injury 伤害nervousness 紧张furthermore 而且therefore 因此nevertheless 然而meanwhile 与此同时rebelled 反叛insulted 侮辱dismissed 解雇overlooked 俯视；忽视physiological 生理的beneficial 有益的incredible 不可思议的physical 物理的risks 风险pressures 压力symptoms 症状accidents 事故specially 特别地adequately 充分地gradually 逐渐地secretly 秘密地showing off 炫耀running out 用尽messing up 搞砸slowing down 减速familiarize 熟悉equip 装备content 内容examine 检查preparation 准备operation 操作occasion 场合presentation 展示success 成功encouragement 鼓励feedback 反馈trust 信任forget 忘记express 表达share 分享identify 鉴别health 健康considerable 大量的specific 具体的unnecessary 不必要的easy 容易的probable 可能的fair 公正的technical 技术的plan 计划question 问题lesson 教训topic 主题accept 接受forbid 禁止survive 存活gain 获得contained 包含excluded 排除assumed 假定passed 通过realistic 现实的physical 身体的significant 重要的theoretical 理论的occupy 占据provide 提供leave 离开limit 限制boast of 夸耀disapprove of 不赞成set up 建立clear up 澄清capabilities 能力readability 易读性practicalities 可行性originality 创新性specially 特别地carefully 小心地massively 大量地completely 完全地lack 缺乏variety 变化conflict 冲突increase 增加inspiring 鼓舞人心的worrying 令人担忧的dramatic 戏剧性的predictable 可预测的collapsed 崩溃doubled 翻倍coincided 巧合restarted 重新启动concealed 隐藏distracted 分心的discouraged 泄气protected 保护fading 消退charming 迷人的thrilling 激动人心的booming 繁荣的in contrast 相比之下in fact 事实上in addition 此外in all 总共creator 创造者communicator 传播者explorer 探险家producer 制片人personal 个人的independent 独立的balanced 平衡的mutual 相互的9.静安区tune out 忽略admit to 承认depend on 依靠take over 接管evaluate 评估spoil 毁掉engage 参与portray 描绘classifying 分类ignoring 忽视challenging 挑战representing 代表sensible 明智的selfish 自私的powerless 无力的pleasant 令人愉快的hollow 空洞的positive 积极的violent 暴力的foreign 外国的infer 推断reject 拒绝internalize 内化perform 表演consumption 消费reaction 反应favor 支持spread 传播following suit 跟随榜样cooling down 冷却losing heart丧失勇气taking risks 冒险on guard 保持警惕with ease 轻松地under way 正在进行中in reality 实际上disliked 不喜欢observed 观察到represented代表enveloped 包围objective 客观的temporary 暂时的mysterious神秘的annoying 令人讨厌的association 联系agreement 协议tip 提示symptom 症状responded 回应revived 复活crashed 崩溃persisted 坚持replace 替换rescue 拯救balance 平衡refund 退款optional 可选的random 随机的specific 具体的faint 微弱的10.闵行区delighted with 数数数数数ready for 数数数serious about 数数数数embarrassed about数数数impersonal 数数数数数 sensitive数数数helpless数数数desperate数数数incapability 数数enthusiasm数数generosity数数friendliness数数protection 数数individuality数数assistance数数personality数数behavior 数数intelligence数数success数数capability数数ready 数数数unlikely数数数comfortable数数desperate 数数数separately 数数moderately数数purposefully数数数数privately数数数admitting 数数neglecting数数avoiding数数underestimating数数friendly 数数数smart数数数independent数数数reliable数数数theories 数数reasons数数solutions 数数数数researches数数mission 数数advice数数instinct 数数;直觉barrier数数instructive 数数数decisive数数数intellectual数数数reputational数数数ordinary 数数数vivid数数数achievable 数数数数数virtual数数数personally 数数数mentally数数数数potentially数数数socially数数数dominant 数数数similar数数数complex 数数数original数数数views 数数statements 数数analyses 数数identities 数数emphasized 数数simplified 数数requested 数数intended 数数数moral 数数数scientific 数数数potential 数数数instant 数数数modern 数数数staged 数数数数educational 数数数labelled 数数数数prioritize 数数数数commercialize 数数数recognize 数数exchange 数数promoting 数数representing 数数spoiling 数数perfecting 数数welfare 数数equality 数数desirability 数数justice 数数individual 数数数instinctive 数数数restrictive 数数数changeable 数数数attracting 数数seeking 数数losing 数数offering 数数fixed 数数数balanced 数数数relaxing 数数数demanding 数数数数reader 数数advertiser 数数数browser 数数数poster 数数therefore 数数finally 数数additionally 数数meanwhile 数数lose weight 数数share interests 数数数数assume burden 数数数数make contributions数数数数language 数数diversity 数数数warmth 数数response 数数available 数数数predictable 数数数数inadequate 数数数unachievable 数数数数数12.青浦区life 生命energy 能量bacteria 细菌voyage 航行think 思考research 研究practise 实践drill 训练spread 传播figure 描绘separate 分离reach 达到opposite 相反的evidence 证据coincidence 巧合resemblance 相似moderate 适度的existent 存在的swift 迅速的plentiful 充足的game 游戏approach 方法race 比赛solution 解决方案explode 爆炸identify 识别locate 定位attack 攻击formed 形成deposited 沉淀tagged 标记covered 覆盖stuck on 卡住moved away 移开died off 消失run out 用光exposed 暴露removed 移除buried 埋葬washed 洗tolerant 容忍的afraid 害怕的tired 疲倦的careful 小心的translate 翻译adapt 适应escape 逃furnish 提供various 不同的false 错误的reliable 可靠的different 不同的pass 通过break 打破outstep 优于determine 决定capable 有能力的doubtful 怀疑的sick 生病的ignorant 无知的13.松江区deleting 删除disturbing 令人不安的refreshing 使人耳目一新的understanding 理解transfer 转移adjust 调整compare 比较relate 有关connections 连接conflicts 冲突secrets 秘密distances 距离promote 促进test 测试eliminate 消除impose 强制sensitive 敏感的adaptable 适应能力强的strong 强大的relaxed 放松的necessary 必要的peaceful 平静的unconscious 无意识的impossible 不可能的plunged 陷入invested 投资translated 翻译injected 注射crazily 疯狂地dangerously 危险地scarcely 几乎没有equally 平等地optional 可选的essential 必不可少的memorial 纪念的virtual 虚拟的association 联合recognition 认识innovation 创新publication 出版depth 深度application 应用basis 基础description 描述imaginative 富于想象力的careful 小心的ambitious 有雄心的speedy 快速的supported 支持persuaded 说服unappreciated 未受赏识的unconvinced 不信服的nevertheless 然而eventually 最终for example 例如as a result 因此expression 表达likelihood 可能性suspicion 怀疑disturbance 干扰effectively 有效地temporarily 暂时地desperately 拼命地enthusiastically 热情地mystery 神秘burden 负担control 控制challenge 挑战conducting 进行strengthening 加强employing 使用addressing 解决fields 领域diseases 疾病yields 产量sensors 传感器targeted 有针对性的enlarged 扩大的analyzed 分析的downloaded 下载的increasing 增加的having 拥有reducing 减少的measuring 测量的generally 通常地similarly 同样地hopefully 希望地unfortunately 不幸地forecast 预测growth 增长cultivation 培养migration 迁移make 使direct 直接的instruct 指示minimize 最小化valuable 有价值的physical 物理的chemical 化学的scientific 科学的stages 阶段types 类型species 物种options 选择submits 提交applies 应用reduces 减少produces 生产constructed 建造demonstrated 证明monitored 监控managed 管理threat 威胁treatment 治疗evolution 演变damage 损坏association 协会cultivation 培养measurement 测量management 管理15.杨浦区answer 回答ignore 忽略receive 接收forward 转发cautioned 警告forced 强迫tempted 诱惑guided 引导responding 回应opposing 反对returning 返回sticking 坚持freezes 冻结transmits 传输removes 移除follows 遵循alone 单独apart 分开alike 相似away 远离exposures 暴露locations 位置closures 关闭expansions 扩张in the light of 鉴于in the hope of 希望in the case of 在...情况下in combination with 与...结合careful 小心optimistic 乐观reluctant 勉强willing 愿意temporary 暂时的flexible 灵活的compulsory 强制性的predictable 可预测的campaign 运动change 变革assembly 集会resistance 抵抗authorized 授权reminded 提醒forbidden 禁止guaranteed 保证festive 节日normal 正常的noisy 嘈杂的dizzy 晕眩的appeal 呼吁demand 要求potential 潜力evidence 证据positively 积极地mechanically 机械地subjectively 主观地negatively 消极地parallel 平行option 选项initiative 倡议reference 参考16.长宁区makes a sound 发出声音catches fire 着火keeps the distance 保持距离takes chances 冒险affected 受影响的preserved 保护的recorded 记录的attracted 吸引的unlawfully 非法地instantly 立即地frequently 频繁地deliberately 故意地fiction 虚构significance 重要性factors 因素resources 资源deceiving 欺骗的doubtful 可疑的desirable 理想的disturbing 令人不安的engaged in 参与qualified for 有资格armed with 武装exposed to 接触;暴露于in addition 此外in reality 实际上in return 作为回报in fact 实际上measures 措施programs 计划services 服务species 物种biodiversity 生物多样性production 生产population 人口economy 经济distribute 分配pool 集中lack 缺乏exploit 利用meanwhile 与此同时however 然而otherwise 否则besides 除此之外big-game 大型猎物professional 专业人员local 当地人illegal 非法的impossible 不可能的dangerous 危险的urgent 紧急的thankless 不感激的disproved 被证明是错误的explained 解释predicted 预测ignored 被忽略的estimate 估计reverse 扭转experience 经历sustain 维持。

上海市重点中学2024学年高三下学期模拟(二)测试英语试题含解析

上海市重点中学2024学年高三下学期模拟（二）测试英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．The company and the effect brought about did great good to our business in the market.A．it B．whichC．that D．what2．Communication can help you gain more respect from your parents, and you may be able to reach ____ that make everyone happy.A．compromises B．contributions C．congratulations D．competitions3．makes me stressed is the entrance examination is coming nearer and nearer.A．It; what B．What; that C．What; what D．That; that4．Pandas are _____ to the mountains of central China and only about 1,000 remain in the wild.A. native B．sensitive C．relate D．familiar5．When it comes to in public, no one can match him.A．speak B．speaking C．being spoken D．be spoken6．Our English teacher , having explained to us how to design a project, allowed us a whole week’s preparation and then ______the class.A．to dismiss B．dismissedC．dismissing D．having dismissed7．I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I ________ this mistake at the moment.A．didn’t make B．wouldn’t makeC．hadn’t make D．wouldn’t have made8．__________him not to do so, he wouldn’t have made such a serious mistake.A．Did I persuade B．If I persuadeC．If I should persuade D．Had I persuaded9．It is not surprising that she was elected ______ monitor ;she is ______ very smart girl who has the ability to organize the class well.A．/; the B．/; aC．a;a D．the;/10．It is so difficult a question_______ none of the kids could work it out.A．as B．that C．which D．X11．______ a book in front of your face, you’ll feel the air moving against your face.A．Waved B．WaveC．To wave D．Waving12．_______ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about computer games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.A．If I devoted B．Had I devotedC．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted13．-My computer doesn't work!-Robert is a computer expert. How I wish he______ with me.A．came B．had comeC．is coming D．has come14．The collection, sorting and of historical materials and cultural relics of the May Fourth Movement should be strengthened, President Xi said.A．consideration B．conservationC．constitution D．construction15．At one time, she is fine, ________ at another, she is abnormal.A．and B．or C．but D．so16．—Ouch, mum! A fish bone has stuck in my teeth!—______, Lucy. I am coming.A．Take your time B．Help yourselfC．Don’t bother D．Take it easy17．Don’ t be joking. It’ s time to______your business.A．set out B．take up C．go on D．get down18．Passion is passion and it doesn't matter ________ it's directed．Exactly，it can be coins or sports or politics．A．why B．howC．whether D．where19．---We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale _____.--- Why not promote it by posting an advertisement online?A．fell through B．got throughC．cleared up D．looked up20．We had better put off interviewing the athlete, for he is busy preparing for an international contest __________ in Shanghai next month.A．held B．to holdC．being held D．to be held第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2023年上海市静安区高考二模英语试题(解析版)

2023年上海市静安区高考二模英语试题(解析版)一、听力理解 (共20小题，每小题1分，共计20分)1. A) They will have to take a later train.B) The train is going to arrive on time.C) They can still catch the train if they hurry.D) The train has been delayed.2. A) Go to a different café.B) Find a quieter place.C) Order a different kind of coffee.D) Switch to decaffeinated coffee.3. A) She lost her luggage at the airport.B) Her luggage is too heavy to carry.C) She didn't find her luggage in the car.D) She forgot to bring her luggage.4. A) The bookstore is crowded with people.B) The bookstore has lots of good books.D) The man suggests the woman read a book review.5. A) She has forgotten to return a book.B) She needs to buy some new books.C) She wants the man to borrow the book for her.D) She has already read all the books in the library.....20. A) Travel to Denmark for vacation.B) Teach a course on sustainable development.C) Participate in a workshop on climate change.D) Take a job offer in a different country.二、阅读理解 (共15小题，每小题2分，共计30分)阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

2023届上海市静安区高三二模英语试卷 (含听力)

2023届上海市静安区高三二模英语试卷（含听力）一、听力选择题1. What does the man mean?A．He also thought the lecture was boring.B．He enjoyed the lecture the whole time.C．The lecture lasted more than an hour.2. How will the woman get home?A．By taxi B．By car.C．By bus.3. Where does this conversation probably take place?A．In a school.B．In a hospital.C．At home.4.A．Go to a play.B．Meet Janet.C．Book some tickets.D．Have a get-together.5. What is the man doing?A．Placing an order.B．Learning to cook.C．Paying the bill.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. Why does the man give up playing soccer?A．The weather is bad.B．The park is closed.C．He has to attend a wedding.2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A．Friends.B．Brother and sister.C．Husband and wife.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. Why was the boy a bit nervous?A．He is a newcomer to the school.B．He has to give a speech in public.C．He hasn't prepared for his lessons.2. What should the students do before morning reading?A．Do morning exercises.B．Hand in homework.C．Have some bread.3. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?A．Mother and son.B．New classmates.C．Colleagues.8. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

2020上海高三英语二模汇编---完型填空

2020上海高三英语二模汇编---完形填空1.金山区If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more 41 .Looking at two 42 and economically important species——the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine ——scientists found that fires and drought 43 by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) 44 climate tipping (转折) point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 45 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 46 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden 47 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate change is 48 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 49 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 50 . Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 51 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire season in the 52 history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study 53 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted.54 , there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said. Forest 55can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. A. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocates41-55: BABCA BBDAB CBACB2.黄浦区Retailers(零售商) closed more than 9,000 stores in 2019. Some people call what has happened to the shopping landscape “the retail ___41___.” It is easy to owe it to the rise of e-commerce, which has boomed while physical stores struggle. But this can be ___42___. Online sales have grown tremendously in the last 20 years, but internet shopping still represents only 11 percent of the entire retail sales total. Collectively, three major ___43___ forces have had an even bigger impact on physical retail than the internet has.To begin with, we have changed ___44___ we shop — away from smaller stores like those in malls and toward stand-alone “Big Box” stores, which is a greater problem for most physical stores.Also, rising income ___45___ has left less of the nation’s money in the hands of the middle class, and the traditional retail stores that ___46___ them have suffered. It is estimated that since 1970, the share of the nation’s income earned by families in the middle class has fallen from almost two-thirds to around 40 percent. As the ___47___ of income at the top rises, overall retail suffers simply because high-income people save a much larger share of their money. The government reports ___48___ for different income levels in the official Consumer Expenditure Survey. In the latest data, people in the top 10 percent of income ___49___ almost a third of their income after tax, while people in the middle of the income distribution spent 100 percent of their income. ___50___, as the middle class has been squeezed and more has gone to the top, it has meant higher saving rates overall.Lastly, we have spent ___51___ less of income on things and more on services with every passing decade. Since 1960, we went from spending 5 percent of our income on health to almost 18 percent. We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren’t ___52___ in traditional retail stores. Economists debate theories of why people have ___53___ to services and away from goods, but no one questions that it has happened. It means that over time, retailers selling ___54___ will have to run harder and harder just to stay in place.In short, the broad forces hitting retail are more a lesson in economics than in the power of ___55___. It’s a lesson all retailers will have to learn some day.41. A. business B. disaster C. investment D. strategy42. A. advanced B. confirmed C. overstated D. undervalued43. A. economic B. legal C. physical D. political44. A. how B. what C. where D. why45. A. distribution B. inequality C. level D. tax46. A. aim at B. approve of C. compete with D. stem from47. A. concentration B. influence C. security D. source48. A. education B. employment C. housing D. spending49. A. concealed B. donated C. earned D. saved50. A. Instead B. However C. Moreover D. Therefore51. A. cautiously B. intelligently C. proportionately D. prospectively52. A. available B. insufficient C. popular D. uncommon53. A. applied B. committed C. shifted D. tied54. A. ideas B. patents C. services D. things55. A. consumption B. habit C. income D. technology 41-45: BCACB46-50: AADDD51-55: CACDD3.青浦区Facial-Recognition Technology Cannot Read EmotionsDo not believe claims that facial-recognition technology can accurately identify people’s emotions, advised several scientists at the 2020 AAAS Annual Meeting in Seattle.Such claims that a photo of a face can be easily __41__ are based on a flawed theory that we smile when we are happy and scowl(沉下脸)when angry, said Professor Aleix Martinez. “There’s no way that technology will ever be able to detect __42__ that you’re experiencing following that approach,” Martinez said.Research shows that, on average, people scowl only 30% of the time that they are angry, said Lisa Feldman Barrett, professor of psychology at Northeastern University. The rest of the time, they make other faces when they are angry, she said. __43__, people may scowl for other reasons — “when they’re concentrating, when someone tells them a bad joke,” she said. “Any AI that is claiming to detect a scowl and interpreting it as anger has some real __44__.”So much goes into communicating our emotions beyond our __45__ movements. Other factors involving little use of language include our body pose, body movement and hormone responses like those that cause one’s face to go red from embarrassment or __46__, said Martinez.Martinez offered an example of the importance of having enough information. For instance, when he showed people a photo of a __47__ man with his mouth wide open and his eyes nearly closed, most thought the man was extremely angry, his research showed. Yet anyone viewing the context — that the subject was a soccer player — could __48__ that he was displaying excitement while celebrating a goal.A mistake like this may not matter much, but so-called emotion-recognition technology has a larger reach. The technology’s __49__ to incorporate facial movements could have serious, even dangerous outcomes, said Martinez. AI is sometimes used in classrooms, in the judicial(司法的) system and in hiring for jobs, he noted. Many of these systems learn from U.S. and European data __50__ by white people. Such inputs could negatively impact, for instance, the hiring of candidates of other races, Martinez said. “I think we have to take seriously the __51__ in which this AI is being used,” said Barrett.Seth Pollak, professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, shared research about the __52__ of our ability to understand facial expressions and emotions. For several decades, scientists thought that infants arrived into the world with a little understanding about emotions, Pollak said. To the contrary, babies do not express __53__ emotions. They have a distress system that broadcasts whether they are OK or not. Children learn about emotions beyond good or bad, and research shows that even with incredibly brief levels of exposure to contextual information, very young children start to change how they __54__ their inferences about other people’s emotions. “Human brains are actually able to __55__ patterns and make inferences about what might be happening at a sophisticated computational level with actually very little experience.” he said.41. A. recognized B. interpreted C. noticed D. realized42. A. emotions B. experiences C. incidents D. impacts43. A. Therefore B. However C. Anyway D. Additionally44. A. outlooks B. problems C. results D. mysteries45. A. body B. brain C. facial D. gesture46. A. disappointment B. unemotionality C. excitement D. shock47. A. red-faced B. long-eyed C. round-shouldered D. short-haired48. A. propose B. ensure C. indicate D. infer49. A. failure B. capability C. fight D. initiative50. A. dominated B. calculated C. concluded D. preserved51. A. approach B. direction C. context D. contest52. A. varieties B. differences C. resources D. origins53. A. specific B. internal C. strong D. uncomfortable54. A. pick B. categorize C. express D. expect55. A. take out B. bring out C. carry out D. figure out41-55 BADBC CADBA CDABD4.松江区An artificial intelligence can accurately translate thoughts into sentences, at least for a limited vocabulary of 250 words. The system may bring us a step closer to ___41___ speech to people who have lost the ability.Joseph Makin at the University of California, San Francisco, and his colleagues used deep learning algorithms (算法) to study the brain ___42___ of four women as they spoke. The women, who all suffer from a certain kind of brain disorder, already had a device attached to their brains to monitor disease attacks.Each woman was asked to read aloud from a set of sentences as the team ___43___ brain activity. The largest group of sentences ___44___ 250 unique words. The team fed this brain activity to a network algorithm related to nerves, training it to ___45___ regularly occurring patterns that could be linked to repeated aspects of speech. These patterns were then fed to a second network, which tried to turn them into words to ___46___ a sentence.Each woman repeated the sentences at least twice, and the final repetition was not used for part of the training data, ___47___ the researchers to test the system. Each time a person speaks the same sentence, the brain activity connected will be similar but not exactly the same. “Memorizing the brain activity of these sentences wouldn’t help, ___48___ the network instead has to learn what’s similar about them so that it can generalize to this final example,” says Makin. Across the four women, the AI’s best performance was an average translation error rate of 3 per cent.Makin says that using a small number of sentences made it ___49___ for the AI to learn which words tend to follow others. For example, the AI was able to ___50___ that “Bear” was always likely to follow the word “Teddy” in a certain set of sentences, from brain activity alone.The team tried transforming the brain signal data into ___51___ words at a time, rather than whole sentences, but this ___52___ the error rate to 38 per cent even for the best performance. “So the network clearly is learning facts about which words go together, and not just which brain activity is ___53___ with which words,” says Makin.This will make it hard to scale up the system to a/an ___54___ vocabulary because each new word increases the number of possible sentences, reducing ___55___.Sophie Scott at UniversityCollege London says we are still a long way from being able to translate brain signal data comprehensively.41. A. assigning B. conveying C. restoring D. introducing42. A. systems B. signals C. signatures D. symbols43. A. illuminated B. discovered C. measured D. stopped44. A. consisted of B. adjusted to C. agreed with D. focused on45. A. simplify B. identify C. intensify D. justify46. A. understand B. form C. describe D. judge47. A. allowing B. inspiring C. instructing D. advising48. A. because B. so C. if D. but49. A. quicker B. slower C. easier D. tougher50. A. split B. reflect C. decode D. tear51. A. individual B. common C. modified D. technical52. A. increased B. decreased C. leveled D. degraded53. A. furnished B. mixed C. associated D. armed54. A. passive B. active C. limited D. expanded55. A. tendency B. currency C. accuracy D. fluency41—45 CBCAB 46—50 BABCC 51—55 AACDC5.长宁区Why do so few people find fulfillment in their work? Amy Wrzesniewski, a Yale School of Management professor who studies these issues, offered an explanation that made a lot of 41 . Students, she said, “think their calling is under a rock, and if they 42 enough rocks, they will find it.”Surveys confirm that meaning is the top thing Millennials (千禧一代) say they want from a job. And yet her research shows that less than 50% of people see their work as a calling. So, many of her students are left feeling anxious, 43, and completely unsatisfied by the good jobs and careers they do secure.What they—and many of us, I think—fail to realize is that work can be 44 even if you don’t think of it as a calling. The four most common occupations in America are retail (零售) salesperson, cashier, food preparer/server, and office clerk—jobs that aren’t typically 45 “meaning.” But all have something in common with those professions that are, such asteachersand doctors: They exist to help others. And as Adam Grant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has shown, people w h o s e e t h e i r w o r k a s a f o r m o f 46 always rank their jobs as more meaningful.That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization. 47, most companies create products or services to fill a need in the world, and all employees contribute in their own ways. The key is to become more conscious about the service you’re providing— 48 and personally.How? One strategy is to constantly remind yourself of your organization’s main 49. Life Is Good is a clothing company best known for colorful T-shirts with stick-figure designs, but its mission i s t o s p r e a d 50and hope throughout the world, and that’s something even storeroom employees understand. If youwork for an accounting firm, you’re helping people or companies with the51 task of doing their taxes. Each job serves a purpose in the world.Even if you can’t get excited about your company’s mission or customers, you can still adopt a service attitude by thinking about how your work 52 those you love. Consider a study of women working in a shoe factory in Mexico. Researchers found that those who described the work as dull were generally less productive than those who said it was 53. But the effects went away for those in the former group who saw the work (however boring) as a way to support their families. With that attitude, they were just as productive and 54as the workerswho didn’t mind the task.Not everyone finds their one true calling. But that doesn’t mean we’re fated to work meaningless jobs. If we 55 our tasks as opportunities to help others, any occupation can feel more significant.41.A.progress B. trouble C. sense D.difference42.A. carve out B. turn over C. pile up D. keep off43.A. frustrated B. shocked C. inspired D. excited44.A. meaningful B. demanding C. repetitive D. challenging45.A. distinguished from B. exposed to C.associated with D.defined as46.A. understanding B. existing C. producing D. giving47.A.In conclusion B.After all C. By comparison D. In addition48.A. as a whole B. in this way C. in public D.on average49.A. advantage B. business C.objective D.construction50.A. optimism B. information C. designs D. strategies51.A. unpleasant B. dangerous C. productive D. urgent52.A. gathers B. benefits C. worries D. entertains53.A. embarrassing B. rewarding C. rough D.temporary54.A. relaxed B. surprised C. confused D.energized55.A. assign B. abandon C. neglect D. reframe41-45 CBAAC46-50 DBACA51-55 ABBDD6.杨浦区It’s Alarming: What Wakes You up Each Morning?If your phone or clock alarm is set like this: Beep! Beep! That hard, annoying sound may make it hard to (41) ________ the sleepy feel in the morning known as grogginess（昏昏沉沉）.So, is there a better way to wake up? Yes, the answer is music. Researchers say alarms with a melody can be the solution for people in the morning.The study, carried out by researchers in Australia, (42) ________50 people. The researchers found that people who wake up to musical alarms reported feeling more awake and (43) ________.Stuart McFarlane, a lead writer of the study, said “We are very surprised by these findings as one might (44) ________a sharp beeping sound to be more successful at waking up a person.” Sleep inertia，another term for grogginess, means a person has a heavy feeling when waking up, and has trouble getting moving again after sleeping.McFarlane said people need to better understand sleep inertia's (45) ________effects on human performance later in the day. The grogginess we may feel in the morning usually lasts for up to 30minutes. But it has been reported to last from two to four hours. Not everyone will (46) ________ the full effect. But for those who do, “care should be taken” when performing duties that require a top (47) ________ within this period, he said. This includes “dangerous tasks like flying a plane and performing an operation” shortly after waking up.The researchers think the music may be more successful in (48) ________ sleep inertia because it has several tones, (49) ________ the single tone of a “beeping” alarm. The (50) ________ over time between the music tones may help increase a person’s attention when waking from sleep. But McFarlane added, “it is early days (51) ________ and more work is needed” to fully know the answer.As for what kind of music that is best to wake up to, McFarlane said: “We could suggest alarm sounds that are tuneful and easy to sing along with. However, the amount of sleep you get also (52) ________ a lot.”Dr. Stuart F. Quan, the clinical director of the Division of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Disorders，offered some suggestions for how people can get better sleep and feel fresh each morning.First, (53) ________ regular hours. Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day with at least seven hours of sleep a night. Second, create a sleep-friendly room. It should be completely dark while sleeping. Place your bed away from windows and try to (54) _________ it is quiet and cool.Third, try not to use electronics in bed. Turn off or mute your cell phone before bed. Last but not least, be more (55) ________during the day, which can help you fall asleep more quickly and easily at night.41. A. put off B. hold out C. shake off D. show up42. A. claimed B. involved C. contained D. evaluated43. A. alert B. creative C. depressed D. annoyed44. A. review B. mention C. expect D. eliminate45. A. simple B. harmful C. positive D. evident46. A. produce B. identify C. conquer D. experience47. A. performance B. significance C. observance D. resistance48. A. overcoming B. promoting C. transferring D. activating49. A. contrary to B. compared to C. with regard to D. in relation to50. A. similarity B. flexibility C. complexity D. variation51. A. therefore B. instead C. though D. otherwise52. A. counts B. works C. affects D. exists53. A. confirm B. establish C. balance D. extend54. A. turn out B. make clear C. set out D. make sure55. A. active B. enthusiastic C. serious D. attentive41-55 CBACB DAABD CABDA7.虹口区For years, life went something like this: We’d grow up in one place, head off to college, then find a city to live in for a few years to pursue a job or higher education. The end goal was to find somewhere to __41__ for the long trip, buy a house, make a few friends,start a family, and begin the whole __42__ all over again.But a new model for living is emerging: Some people areincreasingly choosing to move from city to city throughout their entirelives, sometimes as __43__ as every month.Just ask Alex Chatzielefteriou, who has had a front-row seatwatching this evolution __44__ and believes in the huge impact it ismaking or will make on the industry concerned. Six years ago, he __45__ a startup which is now called Blueground that rents out beautifully-designed, __46__ apartments for a month at a time, at rates that are cheaper than hotels. Today, the company has 3,000 __47__ in six U.S. cities, along with Dubai, Istanbul, London, Paris, and Alex’s native Athens, and a staff of 400.The company just __48__ $50 million in Series B funding, bringing its total investment to $78 million, to continue its rapid __49__. It hopes to have 50,000 estates in 50 cities over the next three years, and the goal is to make each one feel unique and comfortable, rather than __50__, like what you might find in a traditional hotel.Alex first came up with the idea for Blueground while he was working as a management consultant for McKinsey. “The __51__ of choice for consultants is the hotel,” he says. “I had to spend five years in a hotel room, __52__ in twelve different cities. I loved seeing the world, but I didn’t love feeling like I didn’t have a home.” As he spoke to his friends and coworkers, he realized that many people buried themselves in __53__ due to this drifting lifestyle that meant living out of a suitcase in the same few non-descript hotel chains that all began to mix together rather than in the “home” full of their own memories.__54__, Alex found that hotels aren’t a particularly cost-effective solution for companies, either. __55__, McKinsey sometimes paid $10,000 or more for him to stay in a major city for a month, which was far more expensive than local rents.Is this new living model something that will really take off? Or is it just another flash in the pan? Let’s wait and see.41.A. move out B. settle down C. look around D. show up42.A. style B. rhythm C. cycle D. trend43.A. rarely B. frequently C. occasionally D. unusually44.A. unfold B. recover C. improve D. shrink45.A. completed B. involved C. launched D. overtook46.A. fully-furnished B. poorly-equipped C. ideally-suited D. newly-decorated47.A. landmarks B. vacancies C. properties D. terminals48.A. deposited B. reserved C. owed D. obtained49.A. distribution B. expansion C. combination D. stimulation50.A. casual B. special C. normal D. irregular51.A. attendance B. residence C. destination D. accommodation52.A. wandering B. touring C. observing D. exploring53.A. threat B. guilt C. danger D. frustration54.A. Moreover B. Nevertheless C. Briefly D. Consequently55.A. In a sense B. In his case C. On the scene D. On this occasion41-45:BCBAC 46-50: ACDBC 51-55: DADAB8.徐汇区The true purpose of a business, Peter Drucker said, is to create and keep customers. “Customer value” has several definitions. I use the 41to mean the total lifetime value of a company’s customer base. Companies can increase this value by 42more customers, earning more business from existing ones, keeping them longer, making their experience simpler through digital improvements and so on. 43leaders have long understood the importance of concentrating on customer value rather than pursuing short-term profits or quarterly earnings, and they’ve become enduring customer loyalty leaders in the process. It’s worth noting that a number of loyalty-leading companies are able to 44shareholder pressure, or avoid it altogether, because they are founder-led, customer-owned, or not publicly traded.Companies can 45customer value in a variety of ways: To increase 46, enterprise software companies sometimes charge corporate customers change fees that can raise the total cost of ownership to as much as three times the original price. To reduce operating costs, restaurant chains sometimes 47frozen and precooked ingredients in place of fresh and made-to-order food. The resulting profits may look good on the income statement. Such strategies may even lead to short-term earnings growth. But they also 48potential customers and encourage disloyalty.Given the importance of customer value, leaders should track it as much as they track other key assets (资产), such as buildings, machinery, and marketable securities. They also should reveal it in their quarterly and annual earnings releases so that investors can make 49judgments about company performance and how it compares with that of industry peers. But most companies 50 believe that measuring customer value is too difficult or costly. They continue to rely on a centuries-old accounting tradition that emphasizes physical and financial assets, and neither income statements nor balance sheets offer much 51into the value of a company’s customers.As investors wake up to the importance of customer value, however, many growth-stage companies now direct investors’ attention to 52in growing the value of their customer base. Some public companies increasingly report various types of customer value metrics (指标). One of the UK’s top energy suppliers E.ON, 53, reports year-over-year customer counts in its financial report. “As a customer-focused company,” E.ON noted, “we see customer value as crucial to our success.”This is a start, but because there are no customer-value reporting standards or requirements, investors still have a(n) 54picture. The minority of companies that do provide customer value information decide for themselves what to disclose. 55, firms may calculate customer metrics differently or change them to tell a desired story, or simply stop reporting them if they fail to go with the company’s preferred narrative.41. A. item B. version C. term D. definition42. A. persuading B. consulting C. acquiring D. inspecting43. A. Considerate B. Visionary C. Determined D. Powerful44. A. resist B. relieve C. intensify D. maintain45. A. raise B. adopt C. calculate D. destroy46. A. income B. experience C. productivity D. demand47. A. separate B. substitute C. forbid D. combine48. A. appeal to B. rely on C. put down D. scare off49. A. informed B. subjective C. definitive D. independent50. A. fully B. hardly C. readily D. wrongly51. A. suspicion B. extension C. literacy D. visibility52. A. sacrifice B. success C. prejudice D. expense53. A. as a result B. for example C. on the contrary D. in general54. A. incomplete B. depressing C. convincing D. vivid55. A. Instead B. Further C. Otherwise D. Therefore41-55 CCBAD ABDAD DBBAB9.崇明High school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology.School administrators needing to cut budgets often look first to music courses, because the general belief is that students who devote time to music rather than math, science and English, will 41 in those disciplines.“Our research proved this belief 42 and found the more the students engage with music, the better they do in those subjects,” said UBC (University of British Columbia) education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis. “The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and 43 playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades, 44 their socioeconomic background, race, previous learning in mathematics and English, and gender.”Gouzouasis and his team 45 data from all students in public schools in British Columbia who finished Grade 12 between 2012 and 2015. The data 46 , made up of more than 112,000 students, included those who completed at least one standardized exam for math, science and English. Students who studied at least one instrumental music course in the regular curriculum counted as students 47 music.The researchers found the 48 relationships between music education and academic achievement were more pronounced for those who took instrumental music rather than vocal (发声的) music. The findings suggest skills learned in instrumental music 49 very broadly to the students’ learning in school.“Learning to play a musical instrument and playing in a band is very 50 ,” said the study’s co-investigator Martin Guhn, an assistant professor in UBC’s school of population and public health. “A student has to learn to read musical notes, develop eye-hand-mind coordination (协调), develop keen listening skills, develop 51 skills for playing in a band and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in 52 the learner’s cognitive capacities (认知能力), executive functions, and motivation to learn in school.”The researchers hope that their findings will be brought to the 53 of students, parents, teachers and administrative decision-makers in education, as many school districts over the years have emphasized mathematics and literacy 54 other areas of learning, particularly music. “However, the amusing aspect is that 55 education can be the very thing that improves all-around academic。

2020-2021学年上海高三英语二模汇编--完型填空信息汇总

2020--2021 学年高三英语二模完型填空信息汇编➢ 从题材角度：区县徐汇二模黄浦二模松江二模普陀二模杨浦二模嘉定二模长宁二模奉贤二模静安二模青浦二模宝山二模金山二模闵行二模崇明二模浦东二模虹口二模完型话题说明文——生态与保护问题，黑熊家族中一个濒临灭绝的群体议论文— —可再生能源说明文— —过高评价和过高回报说明文— —饮水的益处说明文— —长尾猕猴是有名的小偷议论文— —为什么表演比表面上看起来要重要得多议论文——茶和啤酒是否带来了工业化说明文——世界产生固体废物说明文——消费者利用应用程序对比价格议论文——提高退休年龄的计划说明文——恐惧是一种自然而有价值的情感说明文— —气候变化问题说明文— —人老的时候会发生很多事情议论文——哺乳动物种类说明文——女孩的阅读和写作能力说明文——自来水是否饮用安全完型选项高频词汇：动词persuading；remembering；expecting；preparing；instruct；challenge；stimulate； dominate； describe； emerge；protect；supervise；overlook；simplify；remark；handle；compose； develop； predict；symbolize；survived；shrank；escaped；returned； faded； restored； improved； expanded;enlarged;stressed;impressed;dominated;grow;digest;withdraw;adapt; altering;lengthening;obeying;upsetting; minimizing;maintaining;stimulating;deserting; modifying; wrecking;dumping;restoring;insuring; substituting; concealing;preserving;managing;failing ;competing; skipping;recommend;caution;justify;urge;questioned;produced;tested;1 / 25advertised;starting;failing;emerging;continuing; forbade; reminded; allowed;instructed;existed;flashed;boomed;shrinking;distributing;stabilizing;last; transfer;collapse;tempt;exploiting;following;deserting;entitling;transferred; ranged;processed;extended;criticized; issued;welcomed; underlined;cornered;messed;overlooked;refunded;criticized; publicized;exploited;executed;pursue;neglect;question;compare;assist;prohibit;monitor;expose; lack;obtain;imitate;abandon; confirmed;represented;questioned;introduced;underestimated;overemphasized;underrepresented ; justified;increasing;promoting;accepting;reducing;granted;measured;designed;engineered; overtake;discourage;parallel;distinguish;satisfied;comforted; improved;challenged;burn;carry;change;remove;required;forced;ruled;allowed;arouses;resolve; introduce;reverse;enhance; lessen;rewards;relaxes;confuses;weakens;eliminate;acknowledge; emphasize;conceal;prohibit;sacrifice;separate;reveals; guarantees名词abstract ； existence；absence；continuation； pressure；ignorance；anxiety；depression； commitment；evidence；assessment；process；strategies；behaviors；response；examples； link; weight；speed； size； appetite；production；appearance；exploration cruelty;contact;adaptation;distinction;species; hope; rule; threat;sponsors; creators; consumers; designers; accessibility;productivity;affordability;durability;cases;patterns;models;modes;motivations;focu ses;conditions;proportions;supervisor; secretary;authority;physician;scenes; brands;data;prints;requirements;suggestions;permissions;approvals;license;application;promotio n;resources;revolutions;prospects; priorities; mixture; conflict; approval; significance; invention; happiness; progress;interaction;modernization; transformation;influence;optimism;estimation;extension;industry;culture;product;route;;oppone nts;manufacturers;delegates;immigrants;employment;fashion;politics;economy;shift;knowledge ;rise;success;posters;innovations;names;donations;assessment; commitment;argument;attachment;predictors;features;cases;forces;changes;profits; mistakes;differences;food;store;supply; content; accounts;activities;production;inspirations; motivations;destinations;functions;manufacturers;investors;customers;administrators; heat;wind;water;power;reviews;locations;rehearsals;similarities;greed;reputation;priority;devoti on;attention;deposit;honor;extra;disorder; gap;split;deadline;suspicion;effort;panic; guilt;habits;friends;tasks;ideas;problem;obstacle;struggle;behaviour;skills;reputations;interactio ns;positions; intelligence;relationships;popularity;performances;patterns;importance;meanings;development;i nstinct;disadvantage;feature;belief;responsibility;aggression;reliability;advancement;distinction; exception;objection;limitation;pattern;standard;circumstance;feature;strategy;signal; sign;evidence;objectives;drills;difficulties;advantages;conduction;delivery;combination;transfor mation;concerns; events;designer; inventor;bottler; explorer;career;agenda;aim;access; admission;pursuit;debt;dependence;strengths;practices;uncertainty;shock;security;justice;approa ches;firmness;hedgehogs;forecasters;coincidence;suspension;logic;observation2 / 25形容词jealous；painful；innocent；conscious；potential；essential；available；sustainable；;effective；objective；invisible；significant；smart；massive； marine；ancient; recorded;contemporary;evolutionary;instructive;fashionable;different;marvelous;forgivable;accountable;tolerable;remarkable;sustainable;compulsory;economic;educational;profitable;emotional;predict able; reputational;endless;appealing;alarming;meaningless;expansive; expensive;aggressive;extensive;contrary; similar;relative; parallel;real;minor;uncertain;open;unbelievable;inevitable;unaffordable;relevant;inferior;synthet ic;experimental;natural;positive;original;sustainable;traditional;industrial; much;little;big;decent;additional;valid;limited;opposite;accustomed;second;domestic;physical; imaginary;parallel;superior;compulsory;routine;rewarding; exclusive; alternative;renewed;seasonal;accessible;multiple;loyal;concrete;physical;intellectual;emotional; functional;established; respective;experienced;thoughtful;easy-going; warm-hearted; self-relying; one-sided ;delighted; amused; relived;puzzled; unknown; positive;insecure; senseless;innovative;feminine; challenging;fictional;literacy; literary; academic; cognitive; psychological;emotional;behavioral;mental;unique;targeted;united;rapid;balanced;constant;cons iderable;worthwhile;considerate; fair;timid; reasonable; decisive; mature; circular; scarce; principal; peculiar;progressive; task-based;self-centered;market-driven;man-made;副词purposefully；vigorously；sincerely；passionately；naturally；probably；highly；initially； absolutely；predictably；exclusively； potentially;Moreover;Otherwise;Meanwhile;Rather;Therefore;Somehow;Yet; partly;barely; precisely;exclusively; respectively;dramatically;evenly;thoroughly; necessarily;essentially;accordingly;economically;independently;equivalently;permanently;funda mentally;sensibly;frequently;miserably;barely;deliberately; slightly;Besides;Anyway; considerably;skillfully;economically;occasionally;genuinely;generously;particularly;finally;Lik ewise;Overall;seemingly;exceptionally;incidentally; falsely;though;while;because;relatively;terribly;gradually;sadly; uniformly;widely;extensively;intensively;physically;psychologically;politically; professionally;readily;fortunately;definitely;probably;cautiously;originally;fundamentally; disappointingly;meanwhile;thus;temporarily;doubtfully介词➢ 按逻辑关系表示转折关系：3 / 25例 1： (虹口区)Despite these seemingly 43 statistics, the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC),which has also conducted a series of 44 tests on municipal (市政的) water supplies as well as bottled water, says, “In theshort term, if you are an adult with no special health 45 , and you are not pregnant, then you can drink mostcities’ tap water without having to worry. "43. A endlessB.appealing【试题解析】C.alarmingD.meaningless考场形容词。

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