高考英语复习名词性从句的翻译
名词性从句的翻译英语的名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
翻译的时候，大多数可以按照原文的句子顺序翻译成相应的汉语译文。
但有时候也需要采用其他翻译方法来灵活处理。
一、主语从句1）以关联词what, whatever, whoever, when, where, how, why或从属连词that, whether等词引导的主语从句，一般可以按照英文原句的顺序来翻译，即一般放在句首，作为主从复合句的主语。
例如：What he told me was a sheer lie.他对我说的全是谎言。
Whatever I saw and heard on my trip left me a very deep impression.一路上的所见所闻给我留下了深刻的印象。
Whoever has made a trip to Huangshan must remember the clouds there.凡是去过黄山的人都不会忘记黄山的云。
Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brain of a biologist.一种生物究竟是植物还是动物，有时会让生物学家颇伤脑筋。
2) 对于it作形式主语的主语从句，可以先译主句，顺译为无人称句。
有时也可先译从句，再译主句，这样的话，一般需要在主句前加译“这”。
需要注意的是，如果强调it，可以将其译出；如果不需要强调，也可不译。
例如：It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪，她竟然看不出自己的缺点。
It seemed incredible that she should have lied to us.她居然对我们说谎，这真是不可思议。
It doesn’t make much difference to me whether you come or not.你来不来我不在乎。
3) 对于It is （universally）known that…(众所周知)，It is believed that…（据说），It is said that…（据说），It is reported that…（据报道）这类的固定句式，一般都译成“据……”。
例如：It is universally known that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.众所周知，物体在水中比在空气中轻。
It is said that drinking much pure water is good for health.据说，多喝纯净水有益于健康。
二、宾语从句1）以that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if等引导的宾语从句，翻译成汉语时，一般可以按照英文原句的顺序进行翻译。
例如：We all know that cigarette smoking is hazardous to health and that alcohol abuse can kill.我们都知道吸烟对健康有害，我们也知道酗酒会危及人的生命。
I told him how appealing I found the offer.我告诉他，这机会对我有着多么大的吸引力。
2) it作形式宾语的句子，that所引导的宾语从句一般可按英语原句的顺序翻译；it一般可以不译。
例如：Nutritional experiments have made it evident that vitamins are indispensable for one’s health.营养实验证明，维生素是人们的健康所必需的。
I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning.我向他们讲清楚了，他们必须在上午10点之前交卷。
3) it作形式宾语的句子，当主句部分表示“感到……，认为……”时，可以将that引导的宾语从句提到句子最前面翻译。
例如：I regard it as a shame that I was blamed by my teacher.遭到老师的批评，我感到很丢人。
We consider it absolutely right that we should try our best to achieve a greater success.我们应该努力去获得更大的成功，这样做是十分正确的。
三、表语从句从句位于主句的系动词之后，在句中充当表语，引导表语从句的从属连词和引导主语从句的从属连词相同，一般可以按照英语原句的顺序直接进行翻译。
例如：What he emphasized again and again was that no matter how difficult it might be, they should never retreat even for an inch.他再三强调的就是，不管多困难，绝不后退半步。
One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.难题之一在于，所谓的行为科学还都是从心态、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。
The question is how people can find an effective way to store the sun’s heat.问题在于，人们怎样才能找到一种有效的方式来储存太阳的热量。
That’s why the plants absorb water from the soil.这就是为什么植物会从土壤里吸收水分。
四、同位语从句英语中的同位语从句用来解释它前面的某个名词的具体内容。
它与其所修饰的名词在地位上是同等的。
同位语从句通常由that, whether或if引导，它们在从句中不充当任何句子成分。
能接同位语从句的名词通常为抽象名词，如：fact(事实)，hope(希望)，idea(想法)，news(消息)，conclusion(结论)，evidence(证据)，suggestion(建议)，order(命令)，decision(决定)，information(信息)，opinion(观点)，report(报告)，thought(思想)，probability(可能)等。
同位语从句的翻译比较复杂，翻译时可以灵活处理，根据具体情况可采用以下几种翻译方法。
1) 一般来说，翻译同位语从句时，可以保持原来的语序，将同位语从句直接翻译在主句后面。
例如：Einstein came to the conclusion that the maximum speed possible in the universe is that of light.爱因斯坦得出的结论是，宇宙中的最大速度是光速。
As an obedient son, he had accepted his father’s decision that he was to be a doctor, though the prospect didn’t interest him at all.作为一个孝顺的儿子，他接受了父亲的决定，要当个医生，虽然他对这样的前途毫无兴趣可言。
2) 有些同位语从句在翻译时可以放到所修饰的名词前面，构成类似定语的结构或者独立成句。
例如：But I knew I couldn’t trust him. There was the possibility that he was a political swindler.但我知道不能轻信他。
他是政治骗子的可能性还是存在的。
It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay.延迟应由他负责，这个事实是改变不了的。
3) 有些同位语从句在翻译时，可以采取顺译法，放在所修饰名词的后面，但是中间经常使用冒号、破折号等标点符号，或者使用“这样”、“这一”、“即”等字眼。
例如：But considering realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good.但是现实地考虑一下，我们不得不正视这样一个事实：我们的前景并不妙。
Not long ago, the scientists made an exciting discovery that this kind of waste material could be turned into plastics.不久之前，科学家们有了一个令人振奋的发现——可以把这种废物转变成塑料。
4) 在翻译有些同位语从句时，需要改变原文的同位语结构，用汉语的无主句或其他方式译出。
例如：An order has been given that the researchers who are now in the skylab should be sent back.已下命令将现在在航天实验室里的研究人员送回来。
Even the most precisely conducted experiments offer no hope that the result can be obtained without any error.即使是最精确的实验，也没有希望获得无任何误差的实验结果。
1.最新版高考英语语法——名词性从句详解讲义和习题
名词性从句1.定义起名词性作用的从句，叫名词性从句。
换言之，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分，换由一个句子来充当，这样的句子就是名词性从句。
主语从句His job is important(What he does) is important.宾语从句I like his job.I like (what he does every day).表语从句This is his job.This is (what he does every day).同位语从句I know Tom, our monitor.I know the fact (that Lucy is married).2.分类名词性从句包括四大从句：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。
3.结构（常见）主语从句：(连接词引导的句子)+谓语+（宾语）宾语从句：主语+谓语+(连接词引导的句子)或者介词+（连接词引导的句子）表语从句：主语+系动词+（连接词引导的句子）同位语从句：抽象名词+（连接词引导的句子）4.起止点起点:1）通常是从连接词开始。
2）连接词that省略时，从第二个主语开始。
名词性从句的止点止点:1）通常是连接词词后面的标点符号。
2）连接词后面的第二个谓语动词前。
I believe I can fly.My idea is that we should do it right now.Whether she will come back on time depends on weather .I knew the news that our team won the match.Who will go to the college is still uncertain.They agree with what I said just now .宾语从句3. 宾语从句概念从句在主句中作宾语4.宾语从句的分类1）动词后宾语从句结构：①及物动词+宾语从句②及物动词+宾语1+宾语从句I know that well begun is half done .He promised us that he would offer us more assists later on.He has informed me when he is to solve the problem.注:谓语动词通常为接双宾语的及物动词,如tell, give, inform等,结构通常为v.+ sb. + sth.考查形式为：“v. +( v.+其它)”All of us have already known she will choose is the opportunity to go abroad2）介词后宾语从句结构：介词+宾语从句We are not interested in whether you will agree with us about who will win the game.When you are reading, make a note of what you think is of great importance.注: 在介词后的宾语从句中，连接词that不可以省略。
高考英语一轮复习名词性从句
2. I have no idea whether the reform of the College Entrance Examination is beneficial to us or not.
3. In the class, the teacher raised a question what makes a good composition. 4. There is no doubt that he is good student. 5. I have a doubt how can we go there more quickly.
表语从句
1.概念：在复合句中充当表语的句子叫做表语从句.
2.Summary： 1.表语从句的引导词有 that(不可省略), whether, 特殊疑问词。 as if/as though, 但没有if。
2.表语从句的语序是
陈述句语序
同位语从句
1. I have a strong belief that you will achieve success in the College Entrance Examination.
3. That’s how she has made big progress. 4. It seems/appear that/as if he didn’t finish his work on time yesterday. 5. It looks/seems/appears as if/though she were a boy.
7.He is thinking about whether to tell her the truth.
8. We don’t know how to learn English well.
高考英语语法复习：名词性从句讲解及提升练习(有答案)
高考语法复习：名词性从句讲解及提升练习考点一：主语从句1．主语从句的引导词你的支持对我们的工作很重要。
你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。
Where Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won't accept it.李白，中国伟大的诗人，出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。
That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.长久以来我听到的最好的消息就是你要来伦敦。
2．形式主语it作形式主语的常见句型：(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句(4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter等)＋that从句It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。
考点二宾语从句1．宾语从句的引导词问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。
Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。
高考英语语法一轮复习——名词性从句用法归纳
名词性从句用法归纳名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。
它们的作用相当于名词，因此为名词性从句。
一. 主语从句引导词：连词that, whether; 连接代词who / whoever，what / whatever，which ；连接副词when, where, how, why。
1.That1) That computers have changed our life is clear to everyone.= It’s clear to everyone that computers have changed our life.2) That children must go to school is accepted by us all.= It’s accepted by us all that children must go to school.3) That you are from Tangshan can be judged from your accent.= It can be judged from your accent that you are from Tangshan.结论：that 无含义, 不做成分。
2. what1）What I can’t understand is why he is often absent from school.2）What parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. (07 陕西)3）What matters most in learning English is enough practice. (07 全国）结论：what “所…的”，在从句中做成分。
3. whatever1)Whatever was said here must be kept a secret.2)Whatever David says sounds right to Helen.3)Whatever I may do is supported by my parents.4. whoever1)Whoever works hard is respected by others.2)Whoever breaks school rules will be punished.3)Whoever does so will regret later.结论：whoever = anyone who5. 其他引导词：whether, who, which, when, where, how, why1)Whether the headmaster will support us is a problem.2)Who will be the next mayor is not our concern.3)Which class will be number one remains to be seen.4) When the wedding will be held is clear to everyone now.5) Where you were born is not important.6) How you dress reflects your personality.7) Why she dresses so beautifully is an open secret.6. 形式主语主语从句放在句首，句子显得笨重时，一般将其后移，前面用it 做形式主语。
高考英语复习-名词性从句
名词性从句一．名词性从句基本概念：在句子中起名词性作用的从句叫名词性从句。
Peter is interesting. What Peter said is interesting.主语主语从句I know Peter. I know that Peter is lovely.宾语宾语从句This is Peter. This is where Peter lives.表语表语从句A lovely teacher,Peter,is here.同位语The news that we won the game is exciting.同位语从句EG: I don’t know whether we will go out.二．名词性从句连接词的选择You may borrow which book you like.Whose watch was lost is known.三．主语从句1.定义：名词性从句做主语。
2.连接词That the earth moves around the sun is known to all.Whether we will go picnicing tomorrow depends on the weather.Who stands there is my father.2.用it作形式主语。
It be + 形容词/名词/过去分词+that从句It is a pity that he didn’t win the game.It is well known that the earth runs around the sun.EX：1.____we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us.2.____we need is more time.3.__will come to have dinner is not known.4.It is common knowledge ____the whale is not a fish.5.It is known ____ he has agreed to my plan.四.宾语从句1.定义：名词性从句作宾语。
高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)(2)
“how”----- “如何”、作状语、起连接作用
“when”-- “什么时候”、作状语、起连接作 用
1、When the meeting will begin isn’t decided now .
（主语从句）
2、The trouble is when he could recover from the
（宾语从句）
“whichever”-- “--的哪些或哪个”、作主、表、宾语、
1、Whichever team win the game is possible .
（主语从句）
2、The fact is whichever teacher could help you
learn English well .
（宾语从句）
“which”---“哪---”、作定语、起连接作用
1、Which class is suitable for us isn’t most
important .
（主语从句）
2、What he wants to ask you now is which team
won the game .
7.The doctor can hardly answer the question
高考英语名词性从句复习课件
It is said that our school will hold a sports meeting 3. It +seem (happen，appear等不及物动词)+that从句 It seems that Katy is not coming to this party.
It is a pity that… 2.他来不来不重要。 W__h_e_t_h_e_r_h_e__w_i_ll_c_o_m__e_o_r__n_o_tdoesn’t matter.
It doesn’t matter whether…
用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 It is a fact that … It is an honor that It is common knowledge that
❖6. W__h_e_t_h_e_rthey can do it matters little to us.
❖7. __I_f__ you are not free tomorrow, I’ll go without you.
请你归纳
请你归纳
只能使用whether 的情况：
a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句 f. 直接加动词不定式只能用whether （to do） g whether or not 直接连用时不用if
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句 It is natural that… It is strange that…
高考英语二轮复习整理---名词性从句讲解
名词性从句在英语中，句子可分为简单句和复合句，复合句即常说的“从句”。
由一个主句和一个（或几个）从句构成的句子叫主从复合句。
在复合句中，我们是根据从句在整个句子中所充当的成分来给复合句命名的。
如：主语从句，宾语从句，定语从句，等等。
所有的复合句中，“主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句”，他们的从句有名词性特征，因此合称为“名词性从句”。
名词性从句的引导词引导词是否在名词性从句中充当成分的情况充当成分：连接代词： what, which, who, whom, whose，whatever, whoever, whichever,不从当成分：连接副词： when, where, why, how, however只起连接的作用：that, if/whether, because（that引导的名词性从句，既不作任何成分，也无意义，只是表明从句是一种陈述语气，起个连接作用；if不能引导表语从句和同位语从句，if引导主语从句时不能置于句首，if引导宾语从句时，只能置于及物动词后，不能置于介词后；because只能引导表语从句）㈠主语从句（用作主语的从句叫做主语从句）1．that从句作主语That引导的主语从句可位于句首直接作主语;也可以位于句末，用it作形式主语;① That we are invited to a concert this evening is a piece of good news for us.②It is obvious that the earth is round.2．whether/if（是否）从句作主语同样可放句首或句末，但放句首只能用whether，不能用if.①Whether we shall go or stay ,is uncertain.②It was not known whether/if he would ask.3． whoever, whichever, whatever, however引导主语从句只能放句首。
高考英语一轮复习名词性从句综述
whether to do.
(8) 疑问词加不定式 可以充当一个宾语从句。
表语从句
1. What I believe is that you will achieve success in the College Entrance Examination.
are determined to seek for your dream.
that 6. News came where he had been admitted to a key universityg they began to see which was happening.
3. It is very clear that he is a very intelligent boy.
4. It is a pity that he fail his English exam.
5.Whether you will have a good result doesn’t matter to me.
2. He hasn’t decided whether he will take part in the sports meeting (or not).
3. I am not sure if I can go to the cinema with you tomorrow.
4. They are talking about how they should learn English.
5. Amy tells me (that) she has entered many competitions and that she has won many prizes.
高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)(1)
主语从句
4、I knew the news that our team won the match.
宾语从句
5、His suggestion is that we should finish the work at once. 表语从句
“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
1、Whether she will come back on time depends on weather（主语从句） . 2、The problem is whether you could give us some
名词性从句引导词的用法（3）：
“whoever”-- “-----的任何人”、作主语、 “whomever”-- “-----的任何人”、作宾语、 “whatever”-- “----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、 “whichever”--- “无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、
连接代词
“whoever”-- “---的任何人”、作主语、起连接作用
引导词
名词性从句引导词的用法（1）：
从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能，分别如下:
“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用
从属连词
“if”--- “是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作 用
“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用
1、That we will realize our dreams in the future is
valuable advice（表语从句） .
3、I asked him whether he could do me a favor . 4、Could you tell me the question whether English is useful for us now. （同位语从句）