中考数学试题双向细目表

中考数学试题双向细目表中考数学试题双向细目表

考察水平内容

1.有理数的意义

比较有理数大小

相反数和绝对值的意义

有理数的加、减、乘、除、乘方

简单的混合运算

较大数字

平（立）方根、算术平方根

2.数与代数

无理数、实数

近似数、有效数字

二次根式的概念及加、减、乘、除运算法则实数的简单四则运算

代数式的意义及表示

求代数式的值

整数指数幂及基本性质

科学记数法

了解理解掌握题型分值题号难度

3.整式与分式

整式的加减法及简单的乘法

乘法公式

提公因式法、公式法因式分解

整式与分式

分式及基本性质

简单分式的加、减、乘、除运算

4.方程与不等式

列方程解应用题

一元一次方程解法

方程、方程组

简单的二元一次方程组及解法

可化为一元一次方程的分式方程的解法一元二次方程及其解法

不等式及基本性质

不等式（组）

解一元一次不等式

解由两个一元一次不等式组成的不等式组

一元一次不等式（组）的实际运用

常量、变量的意义

5.函数

函数的概念及三种表示方法

函数的自变量取值范围、函数值

一次函数及表达式、一次函数的图象及性质

正比例函数

图象法求二元一次方程组的近似解

与一次函数相关的实际问题

反比例函数解决某些实际问题

二次函数及表达式，二次函数的图象及性质

根据公式确定图象的顶点、开口方向、对称轴（公式不要求推导），并能解决简单的实际问题

用二次函数的图象求一元二次方程的近似解

6.几何

点、线、面

角、比较角的大小

角度的简单换算

角平分线及性质

相交线与平行线补（余）角及性质、对顶角及性质

空间与图形

垂线，垂线段及性质

线段垂直平分线及性质

平行线的判定和性质

平行线间的距离

三角形有关概念（三角形的角平分线、中线、高）

三角形三角形的角平分线、中线、高

XXX and Its Properties

XXX has three medians。and they intersect at a point called the XXX-thirds of the distance from each vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side。The medians divide the XXX。the length of a median can be found using the formula: median = 1/2 * square root

of [(2a^2) + (2b^2) - c^2]。where a。b。and c are the lengths of the sides of the triangle.

XXX

Two triangles are congruent if they have the same size and shape。There are several XXX two triangles。including the Side-Side-Side (SSS) n。the Side-Angle-Side (SAS) n。the Angle-Side-Angle (ASA) n。and the Hypotenuse-Leg (HL) n。Congruent triangles have the same angles and sides。and corresponding XXX.

XXX Isosceles Triangles

An isosceles triangle is a triangle with two equal sides and two equal angles。The equal sides are called legs。and the angle een them is called the vertex angle。The angle opposite the vertex angle is called the base angle。Isosceles triangles have several properties。including the fact that the base angles are congruent。and the XXX base.

XXX Isosceles Triangles

An isosceles triangle XXX two sides of a triangle are equal。then the triangle is isosceles。If two angles of a triangle are equal。then the triangle is isosceles。nally。an isosceles triangle XXX with the radius equal to the length of the equal sides。and then drawing the third side connecting the two points where the circle intersects the base.

XXX

XXX are all 60 degrees。Equilateral triangles have several properties。including the fact that the altitude。median。and angle bisectors are all the same line。and the circumcenter。incenter。and centroid are all the same point.

Concepts Related to Right Triangles

A right triangle is a triangle with one right angle。which measures 90 degrees。The side opposite the right angle is called the hypotenuse。and the other two sides are called legs。The Pythagorean Theorem states that the sum of the squares of the legs of a right triangle is equal to the square of the XXX ns。including sine。cosine。and tangent.

XXX

A right triangle can be identified by its sides or angles。If one angle of a triangle measures 90 degrees。XXX。the Pythagorean Theorem can be used to determine if a triangle is a right triangle。If the sum of the squares of the two XXX is equal to the square of the longest side。then the triangle is a right triangle.

XXX and Its Converse

XXX。the sum of the squares of the legs is equal to the square of the XXX that if the sum of the squares of the legs of a triangle is equal to the square of the hypotenuse。XXX.

XXX

The sum of the r angles of a polygon with n sides is (n-2) * 180 degrees。The sum of the r angles of any polygon is 360 degrees。nally。XXX with n sides is (n-2) * 180 degrees / n.

XXX Circles

A circle is a set of points in a XXX from a given point called the center。A chord of a circle is a line segment that connects two points on the circle。An arc of a circle is a n of the circumference of the circle。A central angle of a circle is an angle whose vertex is the center of the XXX the circle.

nships een Arcs。Chords。and Central Angles

The measure of a central angle is equal to the measure of the arc it XXX is half the measure of the arc it XXX。XXX.

Incenters and Circumcenters of Triangles

The incenter of a triangle is the center of the circle that is XXX is the center of the XXX.

XXX

A XXX one point。called the point of XXX to the point of XXX。XXX to the point of tangency are equal in length.

Arc Length。Sector Area。and Surface Area of a Cone

The length of an arc of a XXX to the measure of the arc。The area of a XXX to the measure of the central angle。The lateral surface area of a cone is equal to half the product of the slant height and the circumference of the base。The total surface area of

a cone is equal to the sum of the lateral surface area and the area of the base.

n of Geometric Figures

Geometric figures XXX construct a line segment of a given length。draw a circle with the given length as the radius。and

then draw the line segment connecting the two points where the circle intersects the line。To construct an angle of a given measure。draw a ray。and then use the compass to draw an arc with the given measure。The angle is formed by the n of the ray and the arc.

Necessity of Proof

XXX.

XXX Figures

A figure is symmetric if it can be divided into two parts that are mirror images of each other。A figure has XXX if it can be rotated about a point and still look the same。The order of XXX is the number of times the figure can be rotated to look the same。A figure XXX it XXX distance and still look the same.

XXX

XXX are equal。A line segment can be divided into two parts in a given。by drawing a line parallel to the segment and using similar triangles。The golden。is a special。that appears in nature and art。It is approximately equal to 1.618.

证明的格式及依据

本文主要介绍统计与概率的相关知识。统计包括收集、整理、描述和分析数据，利用扇形统计图表示数据，计算加权平均数，计算极差和方差，频数、频率等内容。同时，能用样本平均数、方差来估计总体的平均数和方差。认识统计的应用也是非常重要的。

概率方面，主要介绍了概率的概念，运用列举法计算简单事件发生的概率以及认识概率的应用。这方面的知识也是非常实用的。

考试方面，本次考试为笔试，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。代数内容约占60％，几何内容约占40％。整卷难度与能力要求：基本能力点50％，透彻理解掌握数学概念、数学思想方法占30％，综合运用知识、创新能力占20％。试题难度分为易、中、难各占70％、20％、10％，在后两个百分比中体现区分度。题型分为填空题，单项选择题，解答题。

总之，统计与概率是数学中非常重要的一部分，对于我们的生活和工作都有着重要的应用。而考试则需要我们全面掌握相关知识，并能够熟练地运用。