选修八 unit2 Cloning
巧学活用
点击进入
名师一线讲坛
1. undertake vt. (undertook， ， undertaken) 着手；从事；承担 着手；从事； (1)undertake a task承担任务 承担任务 undertake to do sth.同意、答应或 同意、 同意 着手做某事 undertake thatclause保证 保证…… 保证 (2)undertaking n．任务；事业；企 ．任务；事业； 业
名师一线讲坛
2.完成句子 完成句子 (1)We __________________(抗议这种 抗议这种 待遇)． 待遇 ． (2)I __________________(提出反对意 提出反对意 见) he was too young for the position. (3)__________________ (我反对该计划 我反对该计划 的主要理由) 的主要理由 is that it costs too much. 答案： 答案：(1)object to being treated like this (2)objected that (3)My main objection to the plan
考纲知识预览
[例句仿写 (1)His requirement is that 例句仿写] 例句仿写 the work should be finished today. 他的要求是今天完成这项工作。 他的要求是今天完成这项工作。 (2)My requirement is that you say sorry to me in public. 我的要求是你公开向我道歉。 我的要求是你公开向我道歉。
名师一线讲坛
4．完成句子 ． (1)He __________________(欠他朋友 欠他朋友50 欠他朋友 英镑)． 英镑 ． (2)__________________(由于下雨 ， 由于下雨)， 由于下雨 the match was cancelled. (3)我把成功归功于你无私的帮助。(汉 我把成功归功于你无私的帮助。 我把成功归功于你无私的帮助 汉 泽英) 泽英 __________________________________
名师一线讲坛
答案： 答案：(1)owes ￡50 to his friend (2)Owing to the rain (3)I owe my success to your selfless help.
名师一线讲坛
5. bother vt.& vi. 打扰；操心 打扰； n． 烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人 ． 烦扰； bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或 为某事打扰或 麻烦某人 bother about/with sth.为某事烦恼 为某事烦恼 bother to do/doing操心做某事 操心做某事 It bothers sb.that/to do sth.使某人苦恼 使某人苦恼 的是…… 的是
名师一线讲坛
4. owe v． 欠(账、钱、人情等 ；应该 人情等)； ． 账 付出； 向……付出；应该把 付出 应该把……归功于 归功于 (1)owe...to...欠……；把……归功于， 归功于， 欠 ； 归功于 应感激 owe...to...for..因……欠 因 欠 owe sb.sth.(＝owe sth.to sb.)欠某人某物 ＝ 欠某人某物 (2)owing adj.欠的；未付的 欠的； 欠的 owing to...因为，由于 因为， 因为
名师一线讲坛
6. resist vt. 抵抗；忍住 多与 抵抗；忍住(多与 多与cannot， ， couldn’t连用 连用) 连用 (1)be hard/impossible to resist难以拒绝 难以拒绝 resist sb./sth.抵抗 抵制某人 某物 抵抗/抵制某人 抵抗 抵制某人/某物 can’t/couldn’t resist doing sth.禁不住干 禁不住干 某事 resist doing sth.抵制干某事 抵制干某事 (2)resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的 抵抗的， 抵抗的 be resistant to对……有抵抗力 对 有抵抗力 (3)resistance n．抗拒，反对 ．抗拒，
名师一线讲坛
(3)trouble常指在心情上失去平静而感 常指在心情上失去平静而感 到忧虑、苦恼或行动上带来不便， 到忧虑、苦恼或行动上带来不便，也常用于 礼貌的请求。 礼貌的请求。 (4)annoy 通常指重复性的行为使 别人 通常指重复性的行为使(别人 别人) 生气，常用被动，表示为某事烦恼、生气。 生气，常用被动，表示为某事烦恼、生气。
考纲知识预览
16． assumption (n.) 假定，设想 ． 假定， 17． regulation (n.) 规定，法规 规定， ． 18． resist (vt.) 抵抗，对抗 抵抗， ． 19． merely (adv.) 仅仅 ． 20． obtain (vt.) 获得，得到 ． 获得，
名师一线讲坛
1．完成句子 ． (1)She __________________ (负责 负责 组织工作) 组织工作 of the whole scheme. (2)He __________________(答应在 答应在 星期五以前完成那工作)． 星期五以前完成那工作 ．
名师一线讲坛
(3)我保证你会喜欢这次旅行。(汉译英 我保证你会喜欢这次旅行。 汉译英 我保证你会喜欢这次旅行 汉译英) _______________________________ 答案： 答案：(1)undertook the organization (2)undertook to finish the job by Friday (3)I can undertake that you will enjoy the trip.
考纲知识预览
翻译词组
1．反对 object to ． 2．赞成；支持 in favour of ．赞成； 3．一定；注定 be bound to ．一定； 4．不时；偶尔 from time to time ．不时； 5．偿清；取得成功 pay off ．偿清； 6．使复活 recall...to life ． 7．使沮丧 be cast away ． 8．(因船失事而 漂流 be cast down 因船失事而)漂流 ． 因船失事而
名师一线讲坛
5．完成句子 ． (1)I don’t want to ________________ __(因为我的问题而担心 ． 因为我的问题而担心)． 因为我的问题而担心 (2)__________________(什么事令你忧 什么事令你忧 虑不安) 虑不安 you－money problems? － (3)These flies __________________ (一 一 直在烦恼我)． 直在烦恼我 ．
名师一线讲坛
比较网站 bother，disturb，trouble，annoy ， ， ， 这组词都表示“使人不得安宁” 这组词都表示“使人不得安宁”或“心 烦意乱” 烦意乱”。 (1)bother指干扰别人的正常生活和工作 指干扰别人的正常生活和工作 而使之不太安宁，可能是故意的， 而使之不太安宁，可能是故意的，含有使人 讨厌的意味。 讨厌的意味。 (2)disturb指使人失去正常秩序而一时 指使人失去正常秩序而一时 得不到安宁，精力不能集中，语气比bother 得不到安宁，精力不能集中，语气比 弱。
名师一线讲坛
3．完成句子 ． (1)The new law __________________ (禁止在办公室内抽烟 ． 禁止在办公室内抽烟)． 禁止在办公室内抽烟 (2)Their father __________________ (禁止他们去 ． 禁止他们去)． 禁止他们去 (3)I forbid that __________________ (你进入房间 ． 你进入房间)． 你进入房间 答案： 答案：(1)forbids smoking in offices (2)forbade them to go (3)you (should) enter the room
名师一线讲坛
2. object vi. 不赞成；反对 n． 物 不赞成； ． 体；目标 (1)object to (sb./sth.)反对 某人 某事 反对(某人 某事) 反对 某人/某事 object to doing sth.反对做某事 反对做某事 (2)objection n．反对；不赞成 ．反对； have/take/make an objection to (doing) sth.对……表示反对 对 表示反对 raise an objection to sth.对……提出异议 对 提出异议 objective adj.真实的，客观的，无偏见的 真实的， 真实的 客观的，
名师一线讲坛
(4)__________________(他深感不安 他深感不安)at 他深感不安 the news. 答案： 答案：(1)bother you with my problems (2)What’s troubling (3)are annoying me (4)He felt much disturbed
考纲知识预览
8． objection (n.) 反对 ． 9． arbitrary (adj.) 武断的，任意的 武断的， ． 10． cast (vt.) 投，扔 ． 11． forbid (vt.) 禁止 ． 12． accumulate (vi.) 积累，聚积 ． 积累， 不久， 13． shortly (adv.) 不久，立刻 ． 14． retire (vi.) 退休，退役 退休， ． 15． bother (vt.& vi.) 打扰；操心 打扰； ．
Unit 2
Cloning
考纲知识预览
熟记单词
1． differ (vi.) 不同，相异 ． 不同， 2． exact (adj.) 精确的 ． 3． procedure (n.) 程序，步骤 程序， ． 4．undertake (vt.) 承担，从事 承担， ． 5． breakthrough (n.) 突破 ． 6． disturbing (adj.) 烦扰的 ． 7． altogether (adv.) 总共，完全地 总共， ．
选修 8 unit 2 cloning
The new plants that grow from the runners （蔓藤植物）are exact copies of the original plant.
Twins
They are born naturally and identical in sex and appearance.
Cloning can help save
endangered animals Cloning can provide a copy of a child for a couple whose child has died
Quiz
In pairs, look at these pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. Think about how they differ.
A strawberry plant
The writer’s attitude towards cloning
A. Objective (be fair) B. Negative (be against it) C. Positive (be in favour of it)
the author does not state any personal Because______________________________ opinion about cloning.
3. What problems may arise when humans are cloned? • People may want to clone themselves so they can live forever. • People may want to clone dead children. • People may want to clone their favourite pets.
高考英语 第一部分 Unit 2 Cloning 北师大选修8【高考复习课件】
5．这本书跟你昨天买的那本不一样。 This book _d_if_fe_r_s_f_r_o_m_the book you bought yesterday. 6．你熬夜太晚对你的健康有很大的影响。 Your staying up so late will _h_a_v_e_a__g_re_a_t_i_m_p_a_c_t_o_n_your health. 7．你的计划成功了吗？ Did your plan _p_a_y_o_f_f ? 8．你会赞成他的意见吗？ Are you _in__fa_v_o_r_o_f_his opinion? 9．他时不时地去看看他的祖母。 He went to see his grandmother_f_r_o_m__ti_m_e__to__ti_m_e__.
1．他有过一些使他很不安的经历。 He has had some _d_is_tu_r_b_i_n_g_ experience. 2．要正式提出投诉是有固定程序的。 There is a set _p_r_o_c_ed_u_r_e_for making formal complaints. 3．你可以随便做选择。 You can make an _a_r_b_it_r_ar_y_ choice. 4．科学家在治疗那种疾病方面已有突破。 Scientists have made a _b_r_e_a_k_th_r_o_u_g_h in their treatment of that disease.
10．我们深受父母之恩。 We _o_w_e_a great deal __to_ our parents. 11．我到处都没买到那本书。 I haven't been able to _o_b_t_a_in_ that book anywhere.
人教版高中英语选修八Unit2《Cloning》
Trueorfalse:
1.Cloningmeansmakingacopyofananimaloraplant.
()
F
2.Gardenerscanmakealotofmoneybycloningplants
.()
T
3.Cloningissomethingthathasbeendevelopedquite
mans.
Animalclonesmayd Cloningplantscanpro
ieyoungerthanthed duceplantsofsimilarq
onoranimals
ualityforsale
Problemsorda Advantagesofclonin ngersofcloning g
7.赞成8.反对infavorof
objecttosth.
Whichgroupisthewinner?
完成句子
1. Thenaughtyboy_w__a_sf_o_r_b_i_d_d_e_n_t_o_le_a_v_e_t_h_e_cl_a_s_s_ro_o_m__ (被禁止离开教室）asapunishment.(forbid)
选修八 2.1《Unit 2 Cloning》
1. straightforward 5. procedure
2. arbitrary
6. I object
3. commercial
7. will forbid
4. Are you in favour
of
Checking answer – III ( 3ms )
_________ than the donor animals
younger
_E___v_i_l__ _____l_e__amdayewrant to clone
themselves.
produce Cloning plants can ______
_________ of similar _________ ______
another animal and plant. 2.Cloning has _t_w_o__m_a_j_o_r___ uses.
3.The _p_r_o_b_le_m__s_ of Dolly.
4. The _e_ff_e_c_t___ of Dolly.
5. It is _f_o_r_b_id_d__en__ to clone human beings.
F
2.Gardeners can make a lot of money by cloning
plants.
T
3.Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning
plants.
F
4. Dolly the sheep was the first successful
Checking answer – I (2ms)
人教版高二英语选修8 Unit 2 Cloning
Do you know about the procedure of cloning Dolly the sheep?
Procedure of Cloning Dolly
An egg cell The carrier The nucleus A somatic cell
genes
The nucleus is taken out of the somatic cell
Words preview exact adj. 精确的；准确的 twin n. 双胞胎之一 adj. 成对的； 成双的 commercial adj. 商业的；贸易的 straightforward adj. 简单的；坦率的 undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担 breakthrough n. 突破 procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续 carrier n. 携带者；搬运工； 运输工具
Animal clones may die younger than the donor (捐献 的) animals. Evil leaders may want to clone themselves. Cloning plants can produce plants of similar quality to make more money Cloning plants can be useful for research on new plant species. There are moral objections to Cloning can help save cloning human beings. endangered animals.
Match the main idea of each paragraph
人教版高中英语选修8《Unit2Cloning》教案
人教版高中英语选修8《Unit 2 Cloning》教案人教版高中英语选修8《Unit 2 Cloning》教案【一】教学准备教学目标一、语言知识目标初步理解、掌握课文中关于克隆的词汇，学习分析课文中的长难句子。
二、阅读技能目标1. 能获取和处理文章中的主要信息。
2. 能够掌握文中出现的重要的语言知识三、学习策略目标掌握速读、略读、猜测词义等阅读策略。
四、情感态度目标让学生认识到克隆的利和弊。
五、文化意识目标了解克隆，正确地利用克隆技术来为人类服务。
教学重难点初步理解、掌握课文中关于克隆的词汇，学习分析课文中的长难句子。
教学过程Step 1 Daily reportOne student comes to the front and gives a report about advantages and disadvantages of science and technology.Step 2 leading-inThe teacher shows some pictures and starts a discussion about cloning.Step 3 SkimmingTask 1: Whats the main idea of the passage? Task 2: Match the main idea with each paragraph Para 1: A. Peoples attitude towards cloning. Para 2: B. The problems of Dolly.Para 3: C. The impact of Dolly.Para 4: D. Two major uses and the procedure of cloning.Para 5: E. The definition(定义)of cloning.Step 4 ScanningTask 1. Look through Para 2 and answer the following questions.(1) What are the two major uses of cloning?(2) Which one is easier, to make plant clones or animal clones?Task 2. Look through Para 3 and fill in the chart. Task 3. Do the following translation and word guessing.(1). Translation:On the other hand, Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.(2). The word controversial in paragraph 4 probably means_________.A. complicatedB. arguableC. importantD. valuableTask4. Do the following Tor F questions based on Paragraph 5.1. People feared some evil leaders might use cloning to reach their goal.2. All the research into cloning will be forbidden.3. Religious leaders are in favor of human cloning.Step 5 Enjoy beautiful sentences1. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.2. At last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off.3. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.Step 6 Question and answerThis part is for students to find if they still have questions. If there is any, they can ask their classmates to help them.Step 7 QuizNote: This part is very challenging. In the picture there are five numbers. Students can choose their lucky number and answer questions. Most of the questions are based on what they have learned in class.Step 8. Test yourselfFill in the blank with proper words.Cloning is a way of _______ (make) an exact copy of another animal or plant. It has two major uses. One is _______ gardeners use it to produce plants. The ______ is that it is valuable for medical research on animals. ________, the process of cloning is difficult ___________ (undertake).The first successful clone, Dolly the sheep, made the whole _________ (science) world follow its progress, though it had ________ problems than the normal sheep. On the other hand, Dollys appearance _______ (raise) a storm of objections and had a great impact ______ the media and public imagination. Different people have different opinions on it. However, scientists still wonder ______ cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.Step 9 DebateTopic: Are you for or against cloning?课后小结HomeworkWrite a passage entitled My view on cloning.课后习题评测练习主要有两个。
人教版高二英语选修8_Unit_2_Cloning_全单元教案
Unit 2 CloningThe First Period warming upAims1. Talk about cloning2. Practice expressing and supporting an opinionContentsTask one: Looking and speakingIn pairs, look at the pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. Explain how they differ.A.Dolly the sheepB. A strawberry plantC.TwinsD. Identical dogsTask two: Questions about cloningWhat is a clone?How is a clone produced?What benefits can humans gain from cloning?What problems may arise when humans are cloned?Task three: Free talkIn pairs, discuss what you understand about cloning, then list the questions you want to find out. Share your lists with one another.1. Should we clone human?2. Could cloning replace sex as the means of creating new human life?3. Could a parent clone a child who is dying of a terminal illness?The Second Period ReadingAims:1. Help the Ss to know how to describe cloning and how to catch the details of the text.2. Activate the Ss to show their opinions about the cloning and enable the Ss to write and article on this debate.Contents:Leading in by revision.Task one: Fast readingWhat is a clone?Show the following.1. Cloning means making a copy of an animal or a plant. (F. e xact… another)2. Gardeners can make a lot of money by cloning plants.(T.)3. Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants.(F. more than)4. Dolly the sheep was the first successful clone of a mammal. (T.)5. Natural clones happen in animals as well as in plants.(T)Task two: Careful readingRead the text again, try to answer the following questions and find out the main idea of each paragraph .Questions:1. What’s the main idea of the text?2. How many years did the sheep that donated the somatic cell most probably live?3. Why did the Cloning of Dolly the sheep succeed?4. What does the word ‘straightforward’ mean in the second paragraph?5. What is the writer’s attitude toward cloning in this passage?The main idea of each paragraph:Para. 1 Cloning is a way of making an copy of another animal and plant.Para. 2 Cloning has two major uses.Para. 3 The problems of Dolly.Para. 4 The effect of Dolly.Para. 5 It is forbidden to clone human being.Task three: Notes for debating: Should we use cloning?Argument for cloning:Cloning will be beneficial to humansWe could use cloning to cure illnesses.Arguments against cloning:healthy risks form mutation of genesemotional risksagainst naturerisk of abuse of the technologyCloned animals get ill and die quite young;The Third Period Language PointsAims:1. Enable the Ss to grasp the words of cloning.Get the Ss to master some useful expressions.Contents:1. differ v.1) “To be dissimilar or unlike in nature, quality, amount, or form”eg：Ambition differs from greed.2) “To be of a different opinion; disagree”eg：The critic differed with the author on several facts.2. exact adj. “Strictly and completely in accord with fact; not deviating from truth or reality”eg：an exact account; an exact replica; your exact words.3. commercial adj. 1) “Of or relating to commerce” 2) “Engaged in commerce’eg：a commercial loan; a commercial attaché; a commercial trucker.4. straightforward adj. 1) “honest’ 2) “easy to understand”eg: a ~ explanation; written in ~ language; a ~ problem in algebra5. procedure n.1) ‘A manner of proceeding; a way of performing or effecting something’eg：complained to the manager, and by this procedure got the money back.2) “A series of steps taken to accomplish an end”6. undertake v.1) “To take upon oneself; decide or agree to do”eg：undertake a task.2) “To pledge or commit (oneself) to’eg：undertake oneself to care for an elderly relative.7. breakthrough n.1) “An act of overcoming or penetrating an obstacle or restriction.”2) ‘A military offensive that penetrates an enemy's lines of defense’eg: a ~ in cancer research8. disturb v. “break the quiet, calm and peace’eg: She opened the door quietly so as not to disturb the sleeping boy.Don’t ~ the papers on my desk.9. arbitrary adj.1) “Determined by chance, whim, or impulse, and not by necessity, reason”eg：stopped at the first motel we passed, an arbitrary choice; arbitrary division of the group into halves.2) “Based on or subject to individual judgment or preference”eg：The diet imposes overall calorie limits, but daily menus are arbitrary.10. altogether adv.1) “Entirely; completely; utterly”eg：lost the TV picture altogether; an altogether new approach.2) “With all included or counted; all told”eg：There were altogether 20 people at the dinner.11. objection n. “The act of objecting”eg: He has a strong ~ to getting up early.~s to the plan will be listened to sympathetically.12. media n. 媒体eg: The running for president drew the ~’s attention.Now the press is an useful media.13. moral adj.1)“Of or concerned with the judgment of the goodness or badness”eg：moral scrutiny; a moral quandary.2) “Teaching or exhibiting goodness or correctness of character”eg：a moral lesson.14. accumulate v. “To gather or pile up”eg: By buying ten books every month, he soon ~d a library.Dust soon ~s if the room is not swept.15. forbid v.1) “To command (someone) not to do something”eg：I forbid you to go.2) “To command against the doing or use of (something); prohibit”eg：forbid smoking on trains.The Forth period Learning about language and Using languageAims:Let the Ss know more about the cloning.Improve the students’ listening, reading and writing ability.Contents:Task one: gap fillingplete the sentences using suitable words or phrases from the prevision sections.2.Rewrite the sentences using words of similar meaning to replace the underlined words.e the words and phrases below to fill in the passage.Task two: reading and discussing1.Read the passage and answer the questions.2.In pairs, discuss which extinct animals described below (which died out less than 10,000 yearsago) are worth restoring by means of cloning.a. Auroch (1627)b. Dodo bird (1755)c. Great auk (1844)d. Quagga (1883)Task three: listening and writing1.Read the statements before listening. Tick those that you hear.2.Listen to the tape again and then work with a partner to fill in the chart on page 17.3.Whose idea do you agree with according to the listening materials? Get ready to write acomposition. Think about the reasons for your point of view. Use your own ideas as well as those in the text.。
人教版高中英语选修8：unit 2 Cloning
Cloning has always bewehnyw? ith us and is here to stay.
Read Para 2:
1.Is cYleosn.ing practical in our life ? why ? gardeners research
2.Is cloning animals the same as cloning plants?
Homework
• Aftering reading the context ,write a letter to editor of China daily and show your concern about cloning?
The controversial effects of Dolly the sheep?
Where is it leading us ?
Read Para 1: What is cloning?
exact copy
animals
plants
natural clones
Can you give any examples of cloning in our daily life?
No. complicated
straightforward
paeifdfoorftfs
Dolly the sheep
Read the procedure and find out what it is?
__s_h__e_e_p___A__
female
___s_h__e_e__p___ B female
Read each para and find what information you can learn (5mins)
人教版高中英语选修八unit2 Cloning
高中英语学习材料madeofjingetiejiunit2 CloningⅠ.阅读理解AThere are many ways in which human cloning is expected to benefit humans.Dr Richard Seed, one of the leading supporters of humancloning technology, suggests that it may someday be possible tocompletely change the aging process because of what we learn fromcloning.Scientists believe that they may be able to treat heart attackvictims by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged. Heart disease is the number one killer in the US and several other industrialised countries.There has been a breakthrough with human stem cells. Embryonic stem cells can be grown to produce organs to repair or replace damaged ones. Skin for burn victims, brain cells for the brain damaged, hearts, lungs, and kidneys could be produced. By combining this technology with human cloning technology, it may be possible to produce needed organs for suffering people that will be free of rejection by their immune systems. Conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, heart failure, and other problems can be cured if human cloning and its technology are not banned.Though current treatments for infertility (不生育) are getting a fair amount of publicity in the news, they, in terms of percentages, are not very successful. Some data shows that current infertility treatments are less than 10 percent successful. Couples go through physically and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children. Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children. Human cloning could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever before possible.语篇解读：本文作者从几个方面介绍了克隆人技术给人类带来了利益。
选修八 Unit2 cloning
选修八Unit2 cloning重点单词，短语，句型I Warming--- Up1.differ vi 不同，相异differ from sb/sth 与某人/某物不同differ from sb about/on sth 关于某事与某人有异议differ in.. 在….方面不同eg：1 He differs from meonclthes2He said I had copied her answer ,but in fact ,my answer differed from hers3The brothers differ widely in their tastes[拓展]different adj 不同的；有差别的be different from ..in .. 在…. 方面与..不同difference n. 区别；差别tell the difference between A and B 说出A与B的区别make a/no/some/… difference(to) 有（或没有，有一点等）关系，作用，影响4.Can you tell the difference between them ?5.Whether he comes or not makes no difference.II Reading2.undertake vt 承担；从事；着手undertaking n 事业；任务；许诺；保证undertake to do sth 答应/同意做某事undertake for 为….负责undertake that…答应..；保证..eg :① He undertook to pay the money back in one month② The scientists have undertaken the experiment③We can’t undertake that we shall finish the work in a week3. pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清；做“得到好结果；取得成功”讲时，以事物做主语；作“偿清”讲时，以人作主语eg：① They took a hellof risk and it paid off at last②It took us 10 years to pay off our debts③All my effort paid off m the end[拓展] pay for 为 ...付钱，为...付出代价Pay back 还钱；偿还；报答；报复Pay a visit to 拜访Pay attention to 为所得付出代价④Can you lend me ￡10? I’ll pay you back on Friday⑤He’ll have to pay for what he has done4.cast vt. 扔；投；掷；抛eg: The boy cast a stone into the pond[拓展] cast down 沮丧；不愉快 cast out 驱逐；赶走Cast away 放弃；（船难时）丢下人cast about/around for 考虑；计划；寻找Cast off 抛弃；脱掉；解脱；起航eg：①You really must cast off all these bad habits②The teacher cast about for an easy way to explain the lesson5.altogether adv. 总共；完全地；总之eg ：How much do the goods cast altogether ?6. objection n. 反对； object v 反对，不赞成have/take/make an objection to(doing) sth 对（做）某事表示反对raise an objection to sth 对…提出异议eg： I have a strong objection to getting up earlyNo objection were raised at the meeting[拓展] object to sth/sb 反对某事/某人object to doing sth 反对干某事object to sb doing sth 反对某人干某事eg： He objected to the adoption of children form abroad7.obtain vt 获得；赢得 vt 继续存在obtain knowledge/ one’s degree 获得知识/学位obtain sb sth/obtain sth for sb 给某人带来..eg：① What he has done obtains him respect②Knowledge can be obtained through study8.attain vt (经过努力)获得；得到；达到（水平；年龄；状况等）eg：① He attained fame at last② He attained the age of 35 before marrying9. forbid vt 禁止；不许 forbidden adj 被禁止的；不准的forbid （doing）sth 禁止（做）某事forbid sb to do sth禁止某人（做）某事forbid sb sth 禁止某人（做）某事forbid sb（form） doing sth禁止某人（做）某事eg ：①Smoking is forbidden in our office②My dad forbids me to go out alone at night③ He forbids his children entering the lab10.accumulate v 积累；聚积 accumulation 你【v.c】积累eg：①He accumulated a fortune by hard work②Each of us is the accumulation of our mencories11.in favour of 赞成；支持[拓展] do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙ask for a favour 请求帮忙in one’s favour 对某人有利eg：①Personally speaking,I’m in favour of the plan②Conditions on court are very much in william’s favour③Could you do me a favour and pick up Sam form school today? Ⅲ.Leaming about language1.owe vt 欠 vt 感激；归功于owe sb sth 欠某人某物，把某事归功/因于某人owe sth to sb欠某人某物，把某事归功某人owe sth to sth 把某事归因于某事owe to 归功于；给你、感谢eg ：① He owes his friend 50 pounds＝He owes 50 pounds to his friend.②He owes his success to hard workowing to 因为；由于→owing to the bad weather,we didn’t got2.shortly adv 不多时；不久；立刻；马上【拓展】 shortly after 在..之后不久shortly before 在..之前不久eg：①Mrs.jone will be back shortly②The accident happened shortly before middy③Shortly after I arrived,we became good friends3. retire vi 退休；离开 retired adj 已退休的retiring adj 即将退休的腼腆 retire form 从..退休（役）；离开…eg：① Some of the workers want to retire early② After retiring from the army ,he had nothing to do4.bother v 花费时间精力（做某事）；是（某人）烦恼（或担忧，不安）；给（某人）造成麻烦（或痛苦）bother sb about/with sth 为某事打扰或麻烦某人bother with /about sth 为某事烦恼bother to do sth 费心做某事eg：①I didn’t know if he’s coming to the party I didn’t bother asking②Don’t bother about me any more5. be bound to do…一定或注定（做）....be bound up in 忙于；热心于be bound up with 与....与密切联系be bound for 准备前往feel bound to do sth 觉得有责任做某事eg：① Look at the sky It’s bound to ram this afternoon② The tram is bound for shanghai③ Our memories and habits are bound up with the structure of the brain Ⅳ Using language1.strike v 打；撞击 n 罢工be/go on strike 罢工It strikes sb that 某人突然想起Sth strike sb 某人突然想起eg： He was so angry that he struck the table with his fistThe taxi drivers in that city are on strike nowIt struck me that I had made a terrible mistakeStrike...into one’s heart 使…刻骨铭心eg：This tape struck what my teacher said when I left school ten years ago into my heart.2.form time to time 不时；偶尔【拓展】now and then ahead of time 提前every now and then all the time 始终；一直once in a while at a time 每次；一次at times at one time 曾经；一度occasionally in mo time 立刻；马上Sometimes in time 及时；迟早eg： My mother has to work at weekends form time to time3.bring back to life 使复生；使复活vt （可以用于被动语态）bring sb/sth to life 使更有趣；更生动；给...以活力come to life 变得活跃，变得更有趣，开始动起来come （back）to life 苏醒 vieg：①The book bring the subject to life.②In the now TV series history really comes to life.③After two days, he came back to life.4.in vain 白费力气，枉费心机【拓展】in detail 详尽（尽）地 in fun 开玩笑的 in change 主管，负责in comfort 舒服的 in peace 和平的 in harmony 和谐的in shame 害羞的 in public 公共地 in surprise 惊奇地in order 整齐的 in short 简记 in turn 轮流eg:he found it hard to resist tuying5. resistant adj. 抵抗的有抵抗力的be resistant to 对...有抵抗力resistance n. 抗拒，反对can't/could't resist doing sth 忍不住做某事eg: ①she can't resist laughing when she saw the young man②:he was charged with resisting arrest③:he found it hard to resist tuyingresistant adj. 抵抗的有抵抗力的be resistant to 对...有抵抗力resistance n. 抗拒，反对eg: ①it's believed that elderly people are always resistant to change②:there has been a lot of resistance to this new law6.merely adj. 仅，只，不过eg: It's not merely a job but a way of life7.unable adj.不能的，不会的→be unable to do 不能做某事，不会做某事eg: John was unable to afford the house8.in good/poor condition 状况很好（坏）情况很好（坏）【拓展】in condition 身体很好out of condition 身体不好on condition that 条件是no condition 绝不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）eg: ①I promise to return your bicycle in good condition②You can borrow the book,on condition that you do not lend to anyone else③:the boy looks pale ,andhe is outof conditionⅤ.Important sentence1.cloning plants is straight forward while cloning animal is very complicated 【分析】while在本句中做并连词表示对比关系表示同类事物之间的对比常翻译作然而，可是eg : Most of the student are studying attentively while John is playing witha paper plane.2. …the came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill…【分析】the came the.....是一个倒装语序表时间或方式或方位的副词或介词短语如:then，now，up等位于句首且主语是名词，句子用完全倒装eg: out they rushedThere goes the bell for breakNow comes the opportunity to prove yours innocence表地点的介词短语位于句首，且主语为名词时，应完全倒装eg:①on top of the hill stands a big pine tree②under the tree were some children1.the populanily of film such as Jurassic park in which ascientist clonesseveral kinds of extinct dinosauric, proves how the idea struck a mixtureof fear and excitement into people's hearts【分析】 in which 引非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Jurassic park介词+关代引定从的用法：1.如果指人，whom2.如果指物，which介词的选择： 1.据先行词中动的搭配2.据先行词搭配3.据定从所表达的意义。