英语电影对白的语调功能初探——以“The Sound of Music”(《音乐之声》)为例


同类型 的句子中表 现 出不 同的含 义 ,即同一个 句子如果 使
() u a’ rn .( 2 B th tS 0wog t s 直率 )
( ) n e u! T ec i rn wU h v o e g i 3 Wo d r l h h d e i a e a m t r a i. f l h a n
f音乐之声》 对 白中的语句或情景对 白 ,分析语调 在实际 《 )
世界上 的任何 一种语 言都有 语调 。笔 者将从英语语 调 的语义 、语用 功能 着手 ,结 合 电影 “ eS udo s ” h o T n f i Mu c
基本含义是 “ 确定 ”和 “ 完结 ” ,通常用于 陈述 句 、特殊疑 问句 、祈 使句 和感 叹句 ,表 示肯 定 、直率 、赞 同 、兴 趣 、 命令 、感 叹等含义 。比如 : () n t ifte i.( ) 1 I lh r a r a e h 肯定
出语调 和说 话人 的 口气 态度有着 甚为 紧密的联系 。这是 语 调分类体 系的一大进 步 。M... a ia AK H ld y的主调 和次调 的 l 分类 体系是英语语调理论 实践 的最新发展 。他把英语语 调 分成 主调 (r aytn) 和次 调 ( cn a n) p m r oe i s od r t e 。主调 被 e y o
二英语语调的语义功能英语的语调体系确实复杂但从总体上来看英语语调基本分为降调升调曲折调3类语调在不同类型的句子中表现出不同的含义即同一个句子如果使用不同的语调所表达的意义就会迥然不同
第 1 8毪
2)1申 6 同 ( , I

琼州 学院 学 报
Jun l f in zo nvri o ra o ghuU ies y oQ t
Vo . 1 1 8. No 3 .
J n. 0 1 u e 2 1
英 语 电影对 白的语 调 功 能初探
以 “ h o n f s ” (立乐之声》 为例 T e u d Mui S o c ( ( )
满 丹 南
( 湖南文理_ 院外国语 学院,湖南 常德 q - 450) 10 0
言语表达过程 中所蕴含 的不同意义 。


语 调
“ 语调 是连贯 言语 里声 音 、音调 变化所 造成 的旋律 模
式。 ”对英语语调的调型划分 ,不同的语音学家有不同的标 准。其 中 ,R gr igo oe n d n的语 调分类体 系被认为是 比较 理 K
想 的 。 他 认 为 英 语 语 调 有 平 调 (tt oe 和 动 态 调 si t ) ac n (iectn) 之分 ,平调包 括高平调与低平调 ,动态调也 k t e ni o
有高升调 、 低升调 、高降调和低降 调等几种 分法 。 Kndn i o g
的语 调分类 为其他语 音学 家 的标调 法奠 定了基 础。此 外 , 0’C n o 和 A od认 为英 语 有 7种 基本 调 型 :低 降 调 、 on r n rl

降调有 时也用在一般疑 问句等其他 类型 的句子 中 ,表
( 赞同)
() ydn t o ig ? ( ) 4 矾 o ’yus n 兴趣
() aegv l l rp t n e ! ( 5 Hes iet see a ha o c 命令) l t g i () a ac a igie ! ( 6 Wh t hr n da m 感叹)

要 :本文以电影 “h o n f s ” (立乐 之声》 T eS udo i 《 Mu c )对 白为例 ,从语 义和语用角度对英语语调所蕴含
的各 种意 义 加 以探 讨 。
关键词 :语调 ;语义 、语 用功能 ; 楷 乐之声》
中 图分 类 号 :H 1 04 文 章标 识 码 :A 文章 编 号 :10 - 6 7 (0 0 —O 6 _ 0 0 8 7 2 2 1) 3 14 - 2 1
和 2种 复合调 (o o n n )合成 ,分别是 降调 、降升 cmpu dt e o 调 、低 升调 、高升调 、升 降调和降调 + 升调 ,升降 调+ 低 低
升 调。可见 ,英语 语调 的分类体 系是 相当复杂 的 ,正 是这 种复杂性决定 了英语语调具有很强 的表情达义的功能。
a) aeh r p ur pt! ( 】 Hes ur u ,h r u y y 请求) w oi gigt b u e oen s t? ( h on eo r wgvres s o n 询问新 信
息)
英语 的语调 体系确 实复杂 ,但从总体 上来 看 ,英语 语 调基本分 为降调 、升调 、曲折调 、3类 。这 3类语调在 不
认 为 是 口语 中最 常 用 的 语 调 , 由 5种 简 单 调 (mp n) s l t e i eo
B D e h ? ( : osse 惊奇)
( 二) 升调 的意 义。升调 的基 本含 义是 “ 确定 ”和 不 “ 不完 整” ,通 常用于一般 疑问句和语 气委婉 的祈使 句 ,以 及用 陈述 句形 式表示疑问 的各 类句 子 ,表达 说话者带 有疑
二 、英 语语 调 的语 义 功 能
问 、不肯定 、请求 、或询 问新 信息 ,给人Байду номын сангаас 种未结束 的感
觉 。 比如 :
() aew rot l kteL r ? ( 问) 9 H v ef gt nt ta odT o e o ln h 疑
∞ Weete n idt yuf? ( 肯定) r yu k o h n o 不
达 一些特定 的含义。 比如 :用 在一般 疑问句 中 ,降调表 达
种强烈 的不耐烦 的情绪或表示 一种略感惊奇的语气 :
() r o l sd ? ( 耐烦 ) 7 Aeyup ae e 不 () :h l e ia o 8 A sei st lt k .
高降调 、升降调 、低升 调 、高升 调 、降升 调和平调 ,并 指
合集下载

英语作文音乐之声

英语作文音乐之声

英语作文音乐之声Music is often described as the universal language that transcends boundaries and connects people from all walks of life. It has the power to evoke emotions, inspire creativity, and bring people together in ways that words cannot. Whether it's the soothing melody of a classical symphony, the infectious beat of a pop song, or the soulful lyrics of a ballad, music has the ability to touch our hearts and souls.Music has the ability to uplift our spirits and provide comfort in times of sadness. It has the power to bring people together and create a sense of unity and community. Music can also be a form of self-expression, allowing individuals to convey their emotions and experiences through lyrics and melodies. In this way, music can serve as a form of therapy, helping people to cope with their feelings and navigate through life's challenges.Personally, music has always been a significant part of my life. It has the ability to transport me to different places and evoke memories of special moments. Whether I'm feeling happy, sad, or nostalgic, there is always a songthat resonates with my emotions and helps me to process my feelings. Music has the power to inspire me, motivate me, and provide me with a sense of comfort and solace.In conclusion, music is truly the voice of the soul. It has the power to transcend language barriers, evoke emotions, and bring people together. Whether it's through singing, dancing, or simply listening, music has theability to touch our lives in profound ways. So let us continue to embrace the beauty of music and allow its melodies to fill our hearts and souls with joy and inspiration.音乐常被描述为一种超越界限、连接来自各行各业的人们的普遍语言。

音乐之声观后感英文80

音乐之声观后感英文80

音乐之声观后感英文80音乐之声观后感英文80英语影评或者观后感【一】《音乐之声》以音乐剧的形式塑造了一群各具清晰性格特色的鲜活人物形象,讲解并描述了一个既富有生动活泼的浓郁生活气息,又充满理解与爱心的真实感人的'故事。

与其他影片不同的突出风格是:它不仅具有深厚的戏剧性情节,而且有优美悦耳的歌声和大量自然而又精彩的人物对白。

与同类影片相比,其语言独具特色:既有用词精练、韵律整齐、节奏规范、艺术性强的高雅诗歌歌词,又有大量朴实、自然而又颇具幽默的日常生活对话。

由于主人公大都是受过教育或有身份的人,尽管对话是口语体,其中有许多省略句,但总体上对话语言比较标准,适合仿照和借鉴。

听者可在轻松快乐的娱乐中得到美的享受,同时也会受到地道英语听说情景的熏陶你在线翻译一下唯源独尊这可是我自己写的哦 The sound of music is a very good film.It tells a beautiful story about music and love.Maria has been a nun.Because of her naughtiness the convent makes its mind up to let Maria be afamily teacher in the CaptinTrapps.The thing changes not only Marias life but also the Trapps life.Music is the key.Over time Maria and the captin fall in love.The lovely children are very happy with it.When the war break out,they decide to move away.We can imagine that they will live a very happy and quiet life for ever.I like it very much.This story touchs my heart.It gives me a warm and happy feeling.Musicis a key to everyones heart.Love builds a pretty bridge between people.These are my impression after I see the film.有些电影里的具体情节我没有具体介绍了。

the sound of music(音乐之声电影简介)

the sound of music(音乐之声电影简介)
Honors:
Academy Award(奥斯卡奖) for Best Directing for many times
Julie Andrews
• Julie Andrews
She is an British actress,singer and writer,she was born on Oct. 1 . 1935.
Oscar Golden Statuettes 奥斯卡金像奖 Grammy Award 格莱美奖 etc.
STORY PLOT
Maria is a nun(修女) who is 22 years old girl.
However she always make troubles because of the active personality.So the mother of Nunneries(修 女院院长) recommends her to be the tutor of The Captain's .
• After watching the movie 《The sound of music》,I was fascinated(着迷的) by a word “ love ”. In my opinion, love is the
basic theme of the film. The film expounds(详细说明) the theme “love” roundly and profoundly( 深刻地) : love to nature, love to children, love to
The Captain's wife was dead and he has 7 children. He runs the household as strictly as he does the ships he sails on.Very quickly Maria knows these kids always play trick on tutors to arouse their fathers attention.

音乐之声观后感用英语

音乐之声观后感用英语

音乐之声观后感用英语英文回答:"The Sound of Music" is a classic musical that has captivated audiences for decades. It is a heartwarming story about the von Trapp family, a large family ofchildren living in Austria in the 1930s. The story follows the family as they navigate the challenges of life during a time of political and social upheaval.The film is full of memorable songs, including "Edelweiss," "Do-Re-Mi," and "My Favorite Things." The music is catchy and upbeat, and it perfectly captures the spirit of the story. The cast of characters is also unforgettable. Julie Andrews gives a star-making performance as Maria, the young governess who brings music and joy into the von Trapp family's lives. Christopher Plummer is also excellent as Captain von Trapp, the stern but loving father of the family.One of the things that makes "The Sound of Music" so special is its message of hope and optimism. The film shows that even in the darkest of times, it is possible to find joy and happiness. The von Trapp family's love for each other and their love of music help them to overcome the challenges they face."The Sound of Music" is a timeless classic that is sure to entertain and inspire audiences for generations to come. It is a film that will stay with you long after the credits have rolled.中文回答:“音乐之声”是一部经典音乐剧,几十年来一直吸引着观众。

音乐之声电影英文观后感80

音乐之声电影英文观后感80

音乐之声电影英文观后感80The Sound of Music: A Timeless Classic that Captivates Hearts.Nestled amidst the breathtaking Austrian Alps, "The Sound of Music" unfolds as a heartwarming tale of love, family, and the transformative power of music. This beloved cinematic masterpiece, released in 1965, has captured the hearts of generations with its enchanting melodies, unforgettable characters, and timeless themes.At the heart of the story is the Von Trapp family, a brood of seven mischievous and talented children living under the strict guidance of their widowed father, Captain Georg von Trapp. Their lives are thrown into disarray when Maria, a young postulant from the Nonnberg Abbey, is hired as their governess.Maria brings with her a fresh perspective and an unwavering belief in the power of love and laughter. Shetransforms the children's isolated and joyless existence, encouraging them to embrace their individuality and explore their creative talents.As Maria's bond with the children grows, she also finds herself falling in love with their father, Captain von Trapp. However, their budding romance faces obstacles, including the captain's mourning for his late wife and the looming threat of the Nazi regime.The film's musical score, composed by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, is an absolute triumph. The songs are not only catchy and memorable, but they also seamlessly advance the plot and reveal the characters' inner thoughts and feelings. From the exuberant "The Sound of Music" to the poignant "Edelweiss," each song is a masterpiece in its own right.Julie Andrews delivers an unforgettable performance as Maria, capturing the character's infectious enthusiasm, kindness, and unwavering determination. Christopher Plummer also shines as Captain von Trapp, portraying his conflictedemotions and ultimate transformation with nuance and depth."The Sound of Music" is more than just a mere entertainment; it is a profound exploration of themes such as love, family, resilience, and the importance offollowing one's dreams. It celebrates the unbreakable bonds that unite us, even in the face of adversity.The film's timeless message resonates with audiences of all ages. It inspires us to embrace the joy of music, to cherish our loved ones, and to never give up on our dreams. It is a testament to the universal power of storytellingand the enduring appeal of human connection.As the credits roll, the audience is left with a senseof awe and wonder. "The Sound of Music" is not just a movie; it is a cultural phenomenon that has touched countlesslives and continues to inspire generations to come.The film's enduring legacy is evident in its numerous accolades, including five Academy Awards and the American Film Institute's recognition as one of the greatestAmerican films of all time. It has been translated into dozens of languages and adapted into stage musicals, television specials, and countless other productions."The Sound of Music" is a timeless masterpiece that has captured the hearts and imaginations of audiences worldwide. It is a film that celebrates the power of love, family, and music, reminding us that even in the darkest of times, the human spirit can soar.。

《音乐之声》电影音乐赏析

《音乐之声》电影音乐赏析

《音乐之声》电影音乐赏析《音乐之声》电影音乐赏析概述:《音乐之声》是一部由罗伯特·维斯特曼执导的经典音乐剧电影,于1965年上映。

该电影以音乐为主线,讲述了一个年轻的音乐家到一个富有的军官家中担任家庭教师,并最终将家庭的六个孩子带入音乐事业的故事。

电影中的音乐作为情节和角色发展的重要元素,给观众带来了深刻的感动和快乐。

一、曲目简介:本部电影共包含了多首经典的音乐作品,下面对其中几首进行简要赏析:1、《The Sound of Music》(音乐之声)这是电影的主题曲,由朱利·安德鲁斯(Julie Andrews)演唱。

这首歌以优美的旋律和温暖的歌词,表达了音乐给人们带来的力量和快乐。

2、《Do-Re-Mi》(C调上的小调)这是一首非常欢快的童谣,由朱利·安德鲁斯和孩子们合唱。

歌曲通过简单易学的旋律和歌词,教给观众音阶的概念,同时传递了音乐的教育意义。

3、《Edelweiss》(雪绒花)这是一首温柔动人的歌曲,由克里斯托弗·普卢默(Christopher Plummer)演唱。

歌曲以雪绒花为象征,表达了对家园的热爱和珍惜。

二、音乐与情节发展:音乐在电影中扮演了重要的角色,推动了剧情的发展和角色的塑造。

1、让·西默瑞安(Maria Rner)的音乐才华:作为主角,让·西默瑞安通过她的音乐才华,影响了冯·特拉普家庭的孩子们,并与冯·特拉普上校建立了深厚的感情。

她用音乐治愈了孩子们的创伤,也改变了自己的人生轨迹。

2、音乐的教育意义:电影中的音乐不仅仅是表演艺术形式,更是对孩子们进行教育和引导的工具。

让·西默瑞安通过音乐教育,帮助孩子们培养了对音乐的热爱,并为他们打开了一扇探索世界的窗户。

三、法律名词及注释:1、版权(Copyright):指对于原创作品的独家权利,包括复制、分发、公开表演、展示等权利。

2、音乐授权(Music Licensing):指向他人购买使用音乐作品的许可证。

推荐、电影英语作文,五年级,音乐之声

推荐、电影英语作文,五年级,音乐之声The Most Wonderful Movie Ever - The Sound of MusicHave you ever seen the most amazing movie of all time? The one that makes you laugh, cry, and sing along all at the same time? Well, if you haven't, you are really missing out! The Sound of Music is hands down the best film I have ever watched. It has everything - incredible music, a delightful story, beautiful scenery, and unbelievably talented actors. After you read this, you'll want to run out and watch it immediately!First off, the music in this movie is out of this world. All the songs were written by the famous musicians Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein. My absolute favorite is "Do-Re-Mi" when Maria teaches the von Trapp children to sing using that super catchy tune about the musical scale. I can't help but sing along every single time! The lyrics are so clever and fun:"Let's start at the very beginning, a very good place to start. When you read you begin with A-B-C, when you sing you begin with Do-Re-Mi!"I have the whole song memorized because it's that irresistibly singable. Other incredible numbers include the soaring title song "The Sound of Music", the romantic "SixteenGoing on Seventeen", the playful "My Favorite Things", and the powerful "Climb Ev'ry Mountain". I'm always humming at least one of them!But it's not just the sensational music that makes the film so special. The storyline is truly moving and beautiful. It's about this young woman named Maria who is studying to become a nun. However, she loves singing and exploring the outdoors so much that she realizes the convent isn't the right place for her. She gets sent to be the governess for seven children of a wealthy widower named Captain von Trapp. At first, the kids are real brats who play tricks on her. But soon they all become incredibly close as Maria teaches them all about music. She brings so much joy and life into their home after the strict Captain ran it like an army barracks when his wife passed away.Not only does Maria's spirit change the lives of the von Trapp family, but she and the Captain end up falling madly in love! This creates all kinds of funny and heartwarming situations. Like when Maria rips apart one of the Captain's fancy curtains to make kids' play clothes out of them. Or when the two sing "Something Good" together and finally realize their true feelings. By the end, you're rooting for them to get married and become one big happy family of singers!On top of the incredible tunes and storyline, the scenery in the movie is breathtaking. It was all filmed way up in the gorgeous Austrian Alps. The opening scene where Maria is singing and twirling around those unbelievable green meadows and snow-capped mountains is probably the most iconic movie scene ever. The lush gardens at the von Trapp villa are like something out of a fairytale too. I would give anything to visit the picturesque town of Salzburg where it takes place. The location shots really make you feel swept away to a magical land!Speaking of being swept away, the acting performances are also sublime. Julie Andrews was already a massive star from Mary Poppins when she landed the role of Maria. But wow, does she take it to a whole new level with her pure singing voice and ability to effortlessly flip between being charming, goofy, warm, and powerful. The way she can command dozens of rambunctious kids but also morph into a lovestruck teenager when she's with Captain von Trapp is simply perfect. Christopher Plummer is superb as the stern captain who opens up to love again thanks to Maria's influence. And all seven kids who play the von Trapp children are stellar, especially the oldest one Leisl.I was cracking up at all the scheming she did with her boyfriend Rolf but also moved by her clear adoration for Maria.Ultimately, what makes The Sound of Music so utterly amazing is that it has everything. You get glorious music that will have you singing for days. An uplifting story about the power of love to change people's lives. Gorgeous scenery that lets you travel to a magical European wonderland. And let's not forget those heartwarming family scenes and cute romantic moments. There's literally nothing this film is missing!So what are you waiting for? Stop whatever you're doing right now and go watch The Sound of Music! I simply can't express how much sheer happiness and joy this movie brings me every single time. Maybe I'm a little biased because I'm absolutely obsessed with singing, but I truly believe there has never been a more flawless piece of moviemaking before or since. Just thinking about those brilliant songs and Maria's unwavering spirit has me grinning from ear to ear. I can pretty much guarantee that by the time those final notes of "ClimbEv'ry Mountain" are ringing out, you'll have a gigantic smile plastered across your face too. This movie is。

电影《音乐之声》音乐赏析

电影《音乐之声》音乐赏析——歌声里的剧情记得第一次听说过《音乐之声》,是在我初中的英语课文中(the sound of music)。

那个时候没有过多的对这部电影的认识,更不要说对电影里音乐的赏析呢。

今年学校开了音乐赏析课,我或多或少从音乐老师那儿学会一点点对音乐的赏析。

《音乐之声》(The Sound of Music)是一部改编自玛丽亚·冯·崔普的著作《崔普家庭演唱团》的戏剧作品,最初以音乐剧的形式于百老汇上演,之后被改编成电影,其主题曲与电影同名。

影片清新有致,细腻感人,雅俗共赏。

既有幽默的情趣,又有深沉凝重的感情,被誉为电影史上最经典的歌舞片之一。

作为一部音乐剧,不得不说影片中音乐的安排,两位大师的集合尤其善于在复杂的节奏中寻求一种惊人的和谐,旋律自然、流畅而简洁,但简洁中又显示出高度的技巧。

片中的作曲就是这种创作风格的代表作,其中不乏许多经典歌曲。

此时两位大师均处于事业的顶峰,开创了称霸百老汇近二十年的音乐剧黄金时期,他们的作品还包括《南太平洋》、《国王与我》等。

该影片1966年获得第38届奥斯卡最佳影片、最佳导演、最佳剪辑、最佳音效和最佳配乐六项大奖以及十项奥斯卡提名;同年获得金球奖最佳电影。

《音乐之声》是一部以音乐、家庭和爱情为主题的电影,故事结构紧凑,风格轻松温馨,音画一流。

影片讲述了天性自由、活泼善良的实习修女Maria到萨尔茨堡当前奥地利帝国海军退役军官Captain Georg Von Trapp家当个孩子的家庭教师的故事。

在上校离家去维也纳期间,Maria用窗帘布给孩子们做了游戏服,带他们去野餐、郊游,教他们唱歌、跳舞,给这个呆板、冰冷的家庭带去了歌声和笑声。

当上校带着准备与他结婚的男爵夫人回来时,看到这个家庭又重新充满了欢乐温馨的气氛,而他的“水兵们”也已被训练成了一支有素养的家庭合唱队,这激起了上校对生活的热爱,也唤起了他对Maria的爱情。

在男爵夫人的介绍舞会中一支奥地利的民间舞蹈(Laendler)是彼此了解到对方的心意,关系迅速升温,而这一切都被男爵夫人看在了眼里,舞会中途退场劝Maria回修道院,玛丽亚恐怕自己对上校的感情会越陷越深,于是,她悄悄地离开了,后经心灵导师MotherAbbess院长的开导,Maria终于再次鼓起勇气,最终找到了属于自己的真爱,之后,德国纳粹占领了奥地利。

音乐之声观后感英文150字

音乐之声观后感英文150字English:The Sound of Music is an absolute classic that never fails to enchant and inspire. The film's timeless story, beautiful music, stunning scenery, and heartfelt performances all work together to create atruly captivating experience for the audience. Julie Andrews' portrayal of Maria is simply mesmerizing, and her singing voice is absolutely breathtaking. The film beautifully captures the magic of music and the power of love and family. It's a heartwarming and uplifting tale that leaves a lasting impression, reminding us of the importance of following our dreams and standing up for what is right. The Sound of Music is a cinematic masterpiece that continuesto touch the hearts of people of all ages and will always hold a special place in the world of cinema.中文翻译:《音乐之声》是一部永远不会失去魅力和启发力的经典之作。

英语电影音乐之声观后感

英语电影音乐之声观后感Title: Harmonizing with the Heart: Reflections on "The Sound of Music"Watching "The Sound of Music" was an experiential journey through the harmonious blend of music and storytelling. This classic film not only entertained but also touched the depths of my soul with its timeless narrative of love, courage, and the triumph of the human spirit.Set against the backdrop of pre-World War II Austria, the movie follows the journey of Maria, a young woman whose life takes an unexpected turn when she leaves the convent to become a governess for the von Trapp family. Her transformative relationship with the seven children and their widowed father, Captain von Trapp, weaves a tapestry of emotional growth and mutual understanding.The music, an integral part of the film's fabric, elevates the storytelling to ethereal realms. Songs like "Do-Re-Mi," "Climb Ev'ry Mountain," and the title track "The Sound of Music" resonate with messages of hope, perseverance, and the search for harmony in life's discordant moments.Audiences across generations have embraced this movie, not merely for its musical score or scenic Austrian landscapes,but for its enduring message of love conquering fear and oppression. The portrayal of family as a source of strength and resilience speaks volumes about the universality of these themes in the human experience.Moreover, the film's depiction of the Austria's struggle against Naziism adds a profound layer of historical significance, reminding us of the importance of standing against tyranny and upholding democratic values.In conclusion, "The Sound of Music" is more than just a musical; it's a soulful melody that echoes the complexities and beauty of life. It encourages us to find our own rhythm amidst chaos, to sing our own melodies of defiance and love, and to always seek the harmony that lies within the heart.This film, with its powerful mix of music, emotion, and meaning, continues to resonate because it speaks to the core of what it means to be human: to love deeply, to face challenges bravely, and to find joy and purpose in the melody of our own lives.。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
相关文档
最新文档