不定式做定语和状语
动词不定式用法
动词不定式用法动词不定式是英语中的一种常见的动词形式，它被用来表示目的、意图、能力、愿望或建议等。
动词不定式通常由“to”和动词原形组成，如“to write”、“to read”、“to learn”等。
动词不定式在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语或补语等。
一、作为主语动词不定式可以作为主语，通常用于形式主语的结构中，例如：To learn English is important for me.（学习英语对我来说很重要。
）To study hard is the key to success.（努力学习是成功的关键。
）To travel is my dream.（旅行是我的梦想。
）二、作为宾语1.作及物动词的宾语动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语，例如：I want to learn English.（我想学英语。
）She decided to go to Beijing.（她决定去北京。
）They plan to visit Paris next year.（他们计划明年去巴黎。
）2.作介词的宾语动词不定式可以作为介词的宾语，通常介词为“for”、“of”、“about”、“to”等，例如：She is good at singing and dancing.（她擅长唱歌和跳舞。
）3.作动词或动词词组的宾语动词不定式可以作为某些动词或动词词组的宾语，例如：He hopes to become a doctor in the future.（他希望将来成为一名医生。
）I expect to see you soon.（我期望很快能见到你。
）三、作为定语动词不定式可以作为定语，修饰一个名词或代词，例如：I need a book to read.（我需要一本书来读。
）This is a good place to live.（这是一个适合居住的好地方。
）He has a lot of work to do.（他有很多工作要做。
不定式的六种用法
不定式的六种用法1、不定式作主语例如：To remember this is very important.注意：为了避免头重脚轻，在许多情况下，通常都将作主语的不定式置于句子后部，而在句首主语位置使用形式主语it。
例如：It is very important to remember this.2、不定式作表语例如：He seems to be ill.注意：不定式作表语主要有三种情况，一是用于seem, appear, prove 等系动词之后的不定式（尤其是to be），二是像My job is to sweep the floor. 这样的主语与表语“等价”的情形，三是表示想法、约定、义务、命令、可能性、命运等，如：You are to come when I call.3、不定式作宾语例如：I can not afford to buy a car.注意：①不定式不仅用作动词的宾语，还可用作个别介词（but, except）的宾语。
例如：I had no choice but to wait.②当作宾语的不定式后跟有宾语补足语时，通常要用形式宾语it代替不定式，并将真正的宾语不定式置于宾语补足语之后例如：I find it difficult to learn Japanese well.4、不定式作宾语补足语例如：Who taught you to drive?5、不定式作定语例如：I have a question to ask you.注意：有的名词（如way, chance, right等）后用作不定式可换成of doing sth.如：It is the best way to do (of doing) it.但是以下名词后接不定式作定语时通常不能换成of doing sth. attempt courage decision effort fortune failure invitation wish6、不定式作状语例如：I went to France to learn French.。
单元语法专题复习(动词不定式作定语和结果状语)(解析版)
专题14语法专题复习（动词不定式作和结果状语）【语法讲解】一、动词不定式作定语1.动词不定式作定语概述动词不定式作定语要置于被修饰后面（后置定语），一般表示还未发生的动作。
The meeting to be held on Sunday will be a big success.We are looking for someone to help us.2.动词不定式作定语与被修饰词的关系(1)主谓关系指被修饰词是构成动词不定式的动词的逻辑主语。
此时的动词不定式在意义上相当于一个定语从句。
We need someone to help us move the chairs away.=We need someone who can help us move the chairs away.(2)动宾关系指与被修饰词是构成动词不定式的动词的逻辑宾语。
Tom has something to tell us.I have much homework to do.(3)同位关系指动词不定式与被修饰词构成同位关系，即动词不定式表示的是被修饰词的内容。
We had a chance to win the match.(to win the match 就是chance所指的内容)She made a decision to attend a college.(to attend a college就是decision的内容)3.常用动词不定式作定语的情况(1)中心词是序数词，最高级或only/the last等，或名词被这些词修饰，后常用不定式作定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.He is always the last one to leave the office.(2)抽象名词ability,chance,opportunity,belief,way, courage,hope,wish,dream等后常用动词不定式作定语。
不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语用法精讲
不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语用法精讲一、动词不定式不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语。
1.不定式的时态及语态to do；to be done；to be doing ;to have done; to have been doing1).He pretended ____ ______ ___________ a book when I came in.(read)2).We seem______ ______ ___________ each other before.(meet)3).He is said______________________ abroad，but I don’t know which country he is studying in.(study)4).This book is said ______________________ into many languages.(translate)5).He asked _______________ to work in Tibet.(send)2.不定式的句法功能1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，例如:It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.2）作表语：Her job is to clean the hall.她的工作就是打扫大厅。
3）作宾语：常与不定式作宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer，afford，ask，decide，expect，intend，等。
动词不定式作定语 不定式作后置定语
动词不定式作定语不定式作后置定语不定式做定语讲解①不定式作定语,修饰the first,the lost,the third,中心词为不定式的执行者时用to do sth（主动式）,中心词为不定式承受者时用to be done（被动式.He was the man to think of the plan to plant trees.The newspaper reporter was the last to walk out of the cave.They found the last child to be injured in the accident.This is the third question to be discussed.②中心词是由动词派生的名词,原动词＋不定式作宾语,wish, decision, refusal, arrangement, intention, agreement, hope, need, plan, promise, failure ,attempt They made a decision to put off the meeting until next week.He expressed his wish to visit the Great Wall.He made a promise to be a good boy.There is no need to build a dam on the small river.③中心词是由形容词派生来的,原形容词常用不定式作状语,ability, eagerness, anxiety, patience, willingness.A good teacher must have the ability to make himself understood.④名词本身是抽象名词，不定式解释其中的内容，chance，plan ,means , courage, efforts, measures, movement, opportunity, power, reason, right ,skill, strength, struggle, idea ,way 这时，不定式可以换成of + doing。
同步语法新人教版必修三Unit4：动词不定式作定语和状语
同步语法新人教版必修三Unit4：动词不定式作定语和状语必修一Welcome Unit：句子成分和基本句型必修一Unit 1：名词 / 形容词 / 副词短语必修一Unit 2：现在进行时表将来等必修一Unit 3：反意疑问句必修一Unit 4：限制性定语从句必修一Unit 5："关系副词"及“介词+关系代词”必修二Unit 1：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句必修二Unit 2：现在进行时的被动语态必修二Unit 3：现在完成时的被动语态必修二Unit 4：过去分词作定语和宾补必修二Unit 5：过去分词作表语和状语必修三Unit 1：动词-ing形式作定语和表语必修三Unit 2：动词-ing形式作状语和宾补必修三Unit 3：省略必修三Unit 4：动词不定式作定语和状语动词不定式作定语和状语【巩固练习】用所给单词的适当形式填空1.The airport ________ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.2.The best way __________ (improve) your English is to join an English club.3.Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream________（explore）space.4.—The last one________（ arrive ）pays themeal. —Agreed!5.On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world ________（go） into space.6.With the world changing fast, we have something new________（deal ）with all by ourselves every day.7.A group of young people got together ________（ discuss） this question.8.First of all, you must be intelligent enough________（ get） a related college degree.9.He got up late and hurried to his office,________（leave）the breakfast untouched.10.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only______ （ find）it didn’t fit.11.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad ______(find) them alive.12.The question was very difficult ________（answer）.13.The box is light enough ________（ carry）.14._________(work out) the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. 15.________(learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.【参考答案】1. to be completed2. to improve3. to explore4. toarrive5. to go6. to deal7. to discuss8. to get 9 . leaving 10. to find 11. to find 12. to answer 13. to carry 14. To work out 15. To learn。
动词不定式作定语和结果状语的教学反思
动词不定式作定语和结果状语的教学反思“动词不定式作定语和结果状语。
”我认为它应该放在比较句型当中讲，因此把它提到了这里来，但同时又想到：是否可以先让学生自己去探究、理解、归纳呢？于是就有了后面发言小组展示交流与集体讨论相结合的方法。
我觉得只要能激发学生兴趣，学生敢说、乐说，也许会收获更多。
这节课主要有以下几个亮点：一、新颖的导入新课开始前用简短的几句话引出本节课所要学习的内容——动词不定式作定语和结果状语。
随即播放课件，并且由此引出了本节课的课题——动词不定式作定语和结果状语。
二、清晰的板书这次备课之初我曾想过，按照我们老师平时传统的写板书的形式，很难突破，也没办法很好地突显本节课重点与难点，而现代化技术手段就恰巧弥补了这些缺憾，使板书变得丰富而精彩。
三、深刻的启迪“动词不定式作定语和结果状语。
”是本章新授的重点和难点，学生对这两种不同类型的定语、状语的概念往往模糊，对区别也掌握得不够透彻。
如果老师利用图片或者flash 动画直观演示动词不定式的分类、含义及使用范围，通过对比，那么，便能强化对定语、状语的认识。
四、积极的评价为了增加学生学习英语的信心，我经常采取积极的评价策略，例如说： You can speak English well.你真棒！ I am glad to learn Chinese and culture for the years in my life!等等，来鼓励学生进步。
当然，在整个课堂教学过程中，还存在着诸多问题。
如，教师没能做到创设情境，激活学生的思维；教学目标不明确，知识落实不到位；训练偏少，学生口头表达不太充分等。
总之，经过这样的努力，我深感我们离学生的需求越来越近，在今后的工作中将再接再厉，争取成功。
英语非谓语动词：不定式,动名词和分词
英语非谓语动词：不定式，动名词和分词非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）（一）动词不定式动词不定式可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语。
动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，否定形式“not to +动词原形”。
1.用法（1）作主语。
往往用it作为形式主语。
如：It is time to get up.（2）作宾语。
如果带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it作形式宾语。
如：I find it interesting to study English.有些动词只能用动词不定式作宾语。
如：decide,plan,desire,hope,wish,promise,ask,agree, manage等。
（3）作宾语补足语A：带to的动词不定式有：ask，tell，want，teach，advise，allow，beg，invite等。
如：He asked me to do the work.B :接不带to的动词不定式有：see，watch，hear,make ,let等。
如：I often see him play football.使役动词不带to,动词有：一感二听三让四观看。
一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let，have，make 四观看：observe,see,watch,look at注意：feel, hear,notice, see,watch,have,make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to,但变成被动结构时，要带to.如：I often hear him cry. He is often heard to cry.注意：带but介词的不定式。
如果介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么but后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。
另外，在can’t choose but...和can’t help but...等后面的不定式也省略to。
如何判断不定式是做定语、宾补还是状语
如何判断不定式是做定语、宾补还是状语英语中，动词不定式除了作句子的主语、宾语、表语外，还可以作定语、宾补、状语。
现在，我们只讨论后者。
本文的主题是，怎样辨别不定式作定语、宾补和状语？现在，许多网友和英语学习者，对这个问题有些模糊不清，我们有必要澄清一下。
请对比以下三个句子：1. This is the key to open the front door.2. I expect my key to open that lock.3. He used his key to open the door.句1：to open the front door作定语。
但有人认为它是目的状语，这是错误的。
从意思上看，“打开前门”是修饰“钥匙”的，毫无疑问作定语。
语法上看它不可能修饰系动词is，所以不是状语。
一般说来，在表语后面的不定式都是定语，不是状语。
句2：open that lock是宾补，修饰my key。
因为key做了谓语动词expect的宾语，而在逻辑上又跟不定式是主谓关系，所以是宾语补足语。
不定式作宾补是有条件的，在“动词+宾语+不定式”结构中，必须具备上述要求才可以。
除了expect外，类似的动词还有：ask, want, wish, order, tell, persuade, advise, allow, warn, encourage, cause, require, let, have, make, see, watch, notice, observe等。
句3：to open the door是目的状语，不是宾补。
这个句子看起来与句2非常相似，但正是由于两个谓语动词的性质不一样，才出现了两种不同的成分。
在这个句子中，to open the door 是主语He发出的，his key跟to open the door不存在逻辑上的主谓关系，不定式是He used his key的目的, 所以它是目的状语。
高中英语非谓语动词不定式作主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语
>> 不定式作定语
>> 不定式作状语
>> 不定式作宾补
>> 不定式作状语
我来这里为了见你。 听到这个消息我们是很开心的。 她活到了九十岁。
I came here to see you. We were glad to hear the news. She lived to be ninety.
>> 不定式作状语
>> 不定式作宾补
> 感官动词/使役动词+宾语+不定式作宾补
（省略to）：see; hear; have; let; make 被动语态时，将不定式的to还原
✓ I often hear him sing the song. ✓ He is often heard to sing the song.
>> 不定式作主语 >> 不定式作宾语 >> 不定式作表语
>> 不定式作定语 >> 不定式作状语 >> 不定式作宾补
>> 不定式作主语、宾语、表语
戒烟是对的。 我想要实现目标。 我觉得和他一起工作很有趣。
I find it interesting to work with him.
他的愿望是当警察。
>> 不定式作表语
1. 我的工作是帮助病人。 2. 我的目标是准备考入大学的
生物专业。
>> 不定式作表语
1. 我的工作是帮助病人。
My job is to help patients.
2. 我的目标是准备考入大学的 生物专业。
My target is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university.
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动词不定式作定语和状语语法精析动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等，但不能作谓语。
一、结构基本结构：to＋动词原形，有时不定式符号to可以省略。
否定形式：not to＋动词原形。
不定式有形式和语态变化，通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例)：二、动词不定式作定语不定式及其短语作定语，与其他短语作定语一样，一般都放在被修饰的词之后，通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可以表示某一过去的特定动作。
动词不定式作定语与被修饰的词之间有一定的逻辑关系。
这些关系常见的有三种。
1．不定式与被修饰的名词或代词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
He told me he had a composition to write.I want to get something to drink.由上述例句得知，此时的不定式必须是及物动词。
如果是不及物动词，其后就带一个结构或含义上所需要的介词。
如：Will you please bring me a chair to sit in?She has nothing to worry about.2．不定式与被修饰的名词或不定代词有逻辑上的主谓关系。
如：He was the last one to arrive.Is there anyone to take care of the children?例句中的不定式动作的逻辑主语分别是one和anyone。
此时的不定式在意义上相当于一个定语从句。
如：Among the men to take part in the work(＝Among the men who are to take part in the work)，he is probably the most active.3．不定式所修饰的词在意义上通常是用于不定式所做某种事情的。
如：We have got a new way to kill field mice.I think he will have a chance to go to his hometown.可以看出，way是用来to kill field mice，chance是用来to go to his hometown。
因此，这种类型的不定式译法较灵活，可译作“……的”或“来/去……”等。
如：She has no time to see the film.4．几点用法(1)不定式作定语，修饰the first，the last，the third等，中心词为不定式的执行者时用to do(主动式)，中心词为不定式承受者时用to be done(被动式)。
The newspaper reporter was the last to walk out of the cave.那位报社记者是最后一个走出山洞的。
This is the third question to be discussed.这是要讨论的第三个问题。
(2)中心词是由动词派生的名词，原动词常用不定式作宾语，此类名词有wish，decision，refusal，arrangement，intention，agreement，hope，need，plan，promise，failure，attempt等。
They made a decision to put off the meeting until next week.他们做出了把会议推迟到下个星期的决定。
He expressed his wish to visit the Great Wall.He made a promise to be a good boy.There is no need to build a dam on the small river.(3)中心词是由形容词派生的名词，原形容词常用不定式作状语，此类名词有ability，eagerness，anxiety，patience，willingness等。
A good teacher must have the ability to make himself understood.一个好老师必须有让别人理解自己的能力。
(4)名词本身是抽象名词，常用不定式解释其中的内容，此类名词有chance，plan，means，courage，effort，measure，movement，opportunity，power，reason，right，skill，strength，struggle，idea，way，approach等。
In our country，everyone has the right to go to school.在我们国家，每个人都有上学的权利。
He has a strange way to make his classes lively and interesting.他有一种奇特的方法使他的课生动有趣。
(5)中心词是不定式的执行者，动词不定式应后于谓语或在未来发生。
He had no photographs to remind him of the past.他没有照片来回忆过去。
We are in need of nurses to look after the patients.我们需要护士照顾病人。
Is there anybody to carry on the work?有人继续做这项工作吗？(6)中心词是不定式的承受者，不定式应该是及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语，不定式通常不能带宾语。
不定式的执行者是句子的主语，间接宾语或泛指的人，用主动式to do；强调不定式另有一个执行者，用被动式to be done。
I have a letter to post，so I can’t go to swim with you.我有一封信要寄，所以我不能和你一起去游泳。
I have a letter to be posted.Can you help me?我有一封信要寄出去，你能帮我吗？注意：不定式为不及物动词时，应有必要的介词。
She has a lot of things to attend to.她有许多事情要处理。
Is there something to be ashamed of?这有什么值得羞愧的吗？He is looking for a room to live in.他正在找房间住。
I have nothing really to complain about.我真的没什么好抱怨的。
注意：(1)中心词如果是time，place，way，不定式可省略后面的介词。
如：He is looking fora place to live (in)．(2)在There be句型中，to do和to be done在多数情况下语义相同。
如：There is a lot to be said/to say about the subject.(7)合成词可作前置定语。
如：well-to-do family，this never-to-be-forgotten day，wait-and-see attitude，an easy-to-use book，do-or-die policy，difficult-to-solve problem，take-home pay，go-to-meeting clothes等。
三、动词不定式作结果状语动词不定式作状语表示结果时常用如下结构：so＋形容词/副词＋as to do如此……以至于……such＋形容词＋名词＋as to do如此……以至于……enough＋名词＋to do足够……名词/形容词/副词＋enough＋to do足够……too＋形容词/副词＋to do太……以致不能……不定式作结果状语，注意下面几种情况：1．only to do表示出乎意料、意想不到的结果。
He hurried to the railway station，only to find the train had left.他匆忙赶到车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
2．enough to do，too...to do结构。
The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多的人。
The boy isn’t old enough to go to school.＝The boy is too young to go to school.这个男孩年龄太小以至于不能去上学。
3．在so(such)．..as to do结构中，意为“如此……以至于……”。
I am not such a fool as to believe a cheat.我还没有傻到相信一个骗子。
He is so kind as to help the old lady off the bus.他是如此善良以至于帮助这位老人下车。
He is not so stupid (such a fool) as to do that.他还没有蠢到做那种事。
注意：一般说来，不定式作状语的逻辑主语必须是主句主语，主句主语和不定式的动词存在着动作上的主谓或动宾关系。
因此不定式短语作状语可以转化为相应的状语从句。
结果不定式so(such)．..as to相当于结果状语从句so(such)...that...。
III.高考链接A.单句语法填空1．Please tell me the subjects ____________ (discuss) at the next session.2．We need someone____________(help) with the work.3．Mr Zhang is always the last man ____________(arrive) at the office.4．He got to the station only ____________(find) the train had left.5．The Olympic Games____________ (hold) in the year 2022 will be a success.6．Women and children were the first ____________(get) into the lifeboats.7．In his speech，he expressed their determination____________(achieve) their goals.8．The speed is high enough for us ____________(catch) up with the first liner.IV.单元语法－动词不定式作定语和状语1. They failed in their attempt__________（reach)there before five o'clock.2. He was always the first__________（come) and the last（leave).3. With a lot of homework__________（do)，he hurried home.4. He wanted to find a new house__________（live) in.5.He is the best man__________（do) the job because he is always working hard.6. He is old enough__________（make) a trip alone.7.We hurried to the classroom only__________（tell) that the meeting had been put off because of the bad weather.8. You are too young__________（learn) to drive.9.This is the key__________（open) the front door.10. He told me that he had a composition__________（write) tonight.11.It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just __________(have)a look at the sports stars.12.He was too excited __________(speak) when he heard the news.13.My grandfather seems to have a lot __________(worry) about.14.The play __________(produce) next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.B.完成句子1．He told me that he had no pen ____________ in composition class.他告诉我在作文课上他没有写字用的钢笔。