大学英语四级模拟试题十五(附含答案解析)
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。
大学英语四级考试模拟题 (附答案)
大学英语模拟真题Test 2第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Why not go and have dinner in the restaurant?—_________ It’s too expensive.A. Why not.B. I agree .C. I’m afraid not.D. I’m sure.2. —Mike,I am going to skate in the mountains tomorrow.—Oh,really? _________A. Good luck.B. Great.C. Have a good time.D. Congratulations!3. —Please help yourself to the fish.—_________A. Thanks,but I don’t like the fish.B. Sorr y,I can’t help.C. Well,fish don’t suit me.D. No,I can’t.4. —_________—He teaches physics in a school.A. What does your father want to do?B. Who is your father?C. What is your father?D. Where is your father now?5. —Excuse me, how much is the jacket?—It’s 499 Yuan. _________A. Oh, no. Tha t’s OK!B. How do you like it?C. Which do you prefer?D. Would you like to try it on?第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）此部分共有2篇短文，在第一篇短文后有5个正误判断题，从每题后的两个选项中选出正确答案；在第二篇短文后有5个问题。
英语四级考试题模拟及答案
英语四级考试题模拟及答案英语四级考试是许多大学生必须通过的一项考试，它是考察英语能力的重要指标之一。
为了帮助考生更好地备考，以下是一份英语四级考试题目模拟及答案，供参考学习。
一、听力部分1. What does the woman advise the man to do?A. Change his major.B. Study harder.C. Take fewer courses.D. Drop the course.2. What does the woman think of their food?A. Delicious.B. Too salty.C. Overpriced.D. Terrible.3. Where is the man planning to go?A. To the library.B. To the bookstore.C. To the office.D. To the cafeteria.答案：1. B. Study harder.2. A. Delicious.3. B. To the bookstore.二、阅读部分Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following passage:Most experts agree countries need to start seriously slashing greenhouse gas emissions.. and that we can continue emitting greenhouse gases for only another 10 to 15 years before crossing a threshold into a more extreme climate.4. What do most experts agree on?A. Greenhouse gas emissions need to be increased.B. Greenhouse gas emissions need to be seriously reduced.C. Greenhouse gas emissions have no impact on the climate.D. Greenhouse gas emissions can continue as they are.5. How many years do most experts believe we have before crossing a threshold into a more extreme climate?A. 5 to 10 years.B. 10 to 15 years.C. 15 to 20 years.D. 20 to 25 years.6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Countries should ignore greenhouse gas emissions.B. Countries have plenty of time to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.C. Countries must act now to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.D. Countries will not be affected by greenhouse gas emissions.答案：4. B. Greenhouse gas emissions need to be seriously reduced.5. B. 10 to 15 years.6. C. Countries must act now to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.三、写作部分请根据以下题目写一篇短文：题目：Does social media have a positive or negative impact on society?参考范文：Social media has become an indispensable part of our lives, with millions of people using platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram on a daily basis. While social media has its benefits, such as connecting people from all around the world and providing a platform for sharing information and ideas, it also has negative impacts on society.One of the positive aspects of social media is its ability to bring people together. It allows individuals to stay in touch with friends and family, no matter where they are located. Social media also provides a platform for sharing news and information quickly and easily, which can be beneficial in emergency situations.However, social media also has negative impacts on society. One of the biggest concerns is the spread of fake news and misinformation. With the rise of social media, it has become increasingly difficult to distinguish between reliable sources and fake news. This can lead to a misinformed public and have serious consequences for society.Furthermore, social media can have a negative impact on mental health. Studies have shown that excessive use of social media can lead to feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression. The constant comparison to others on social media can also lead to low self-esteem and self-worth.In conclusion, while social media has its benefits, such as connecting people and sharing information, it also has negative impacts on society, such as the spread of fake news and negative effects on mental health. It is important for individuals to use social media responsibly and critically evaluate the information they see online.以上是一份英语四级考试题目模拟及答案，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
大学英语四级模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 6. Error Correction 8. TranslationPart I Writing (30 minutes)1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic: Computers or Books. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1. 一些人认为图书馆应该购买更多电脑 2. 另一些人认为应该购买更多图书 3. 你的看法Computers or Books正确答案：Computers or Books As most libraries’ funds are limited, some people insist that libraries’money be spent on purchasing computers. They argue that computers and the Internet provide people with a massive amount of Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.Advertising and Public Relations: The Pretty Package Back in 1960, when the role of advertising and public relations in politics first became apparent, Life magazine quoted one campaign strategist as saying, “I can elect any person to office if he has $60,000, an IQ of at least 120, and can keep his mouth shut.”Since the 1896 campaign, the election of a President has been determined largely by the ability of information specialists to generate favorable publicity. In recent years that publicity has been supplanted(代替) by heavy spot buying on electronic media. So many factors are involved in choosing a President that it is hard to say with any real empirical confidence how important any single medium is. The most talked-about medium in American politics is television. Highly publicized debates between candidates in 1960, 1976, and 1980 appear to have affected the outcomes. Richard Nixon(the early favorite) would probably not have lost to Kennedy if it were not for his poor showing on TV. Similarly, the 1976 debates probably clinched Jimmy Carter’s narrow victory over Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan appeared to be the victor in the 1980 debates. Yet there were other elections where, according to political analyst Edward Chester, no amount of TV exposure could have changed the outcome. Goldwater versus Johnson in 1964 and Nixon versus McGovern in 1972, both cases contain overwhelming winning. Television commercials seem to work best in close elections or in those where there is a large undecided vote. According to theAssociated Press, Ford’s TV spots during the 1976 campaign probably swung over 100,000 undecided voters a clay during the last few months of the campaign. What effect does television have on the candidates themselves? It establishes orders of importance that are different from those of an earlier day. The physical appearance of the candidate is increasingly important. Does he or she look fit, well-rested, secure? Losing candidates like Adlai Stevenson, Hubert Humphrey, and Richard Nixon all seemed to look “bad”on TV. Nixon overcame this problem in 1972 with ads that featured longer shots of him being “presidential”—flying off to China. Close-ups were avoided. Both John F. Kennedy and Jimmy Carter seemed more at time with the medium, perhaps because both were youthful, informal, and physically active outdoor types. Dwight Eisenhower and Lyndon Johnson seemed to have a paternal, fatherly image on the small screen. All of the recent Presidents have learned how to use the medium to their advantage, to “stage”events so as to receive maximum favorable coverage. Television has changed the importance of issues. It can be argued that since the 1960 presidential debates we have elected people, not platforms. This is a major departure from earlier years. Franklin Roosevelt’s radio charm cannot be denied, but he came to power with great success by one issue—the Great Depression. All the print information we now receive is simpler and more condensed than ever before. Issues and print go together. Television is images, not issues. We develop a more personal, emotional feeling about the candidates. Jimmy Carter’s spectacular rise to power was a testament to this new image orientation. No one really knew what he was going to do when he took office, since his entire campaign had been geared toward developing a relationship of trust with the electorate, “Trust me,” he said. “I’ll never lie to you.”Another example was the election of Reagan in 1980. For some this represented the ultimate television victory. After all, what other country can claim that it has actually elected an actor President? It can be argued that Americans were tired of Carter and that Reagan simply offered an alternative. Yet throughout the campaign he offered us a media “vision”of a “shining city on a hill.” And what about his constant references to John Wayne, one of the “last great Americans”? My father, a long-time politician in southern California, has a favorite saying—”The worst thing a candidate can do is get stuck in the issues. “This trend has alarmed countless media critics. Politicians, newscasters, and others have stood in line to denounce it. They assert that the important thing is what candidates stand for, not the candidates themselves. Almost everyone seems to agree that television has been harmful to American politics; it has clouded the issues and confused the electorate. Media researchers Thomas E. Patterson and Robert D. McClure say the power of TV has been overrated and that (1)”Viewers of the nightly network newscasts learn almost nothing of importance about a presidential election,”and (2)”People are not taken in by advertising images exaggerated and created in the minds...exposure to televised ads has no effect on voters’ images of the candidates.” I disagree on both counts. If the Watergate mess proved anything, it was that we need a President we are comfortable with, one we feel we know and can trust. Print afforded us no opportunity to get a “feel” for the person. We could study the issues, read the speeches, yes—but how would we “know” the candidate as wemight a neighbor or casual acquaintance? Television(and television advertising) provides an audiovisual record of the candidate under all sorts of circumstances. It is with that knowledge that we can choose someone of integrity, at least someone with honorable intentions. Of course, TV cannot guarantee honest candidates, but we rejected Richard Nixon in 1960 and we might have again had he not so successfully avoided any informal coverage.( Remember—he wouldn’t let TV newscasters near him unless he had a suit on. For all we knew he wore a suit while walking on the beach.) Once he was President it was the intimate nature of the medium that helped bring him down. Even his well-rehearsed Watergate denials wouldn’t work. He would sit there, surrounded by flags and piles of transcripts, and swear he was innocent. Yet the profuse sweat on his brow and the look in his eyes seemed to confirm his guilt. Issues come and go, but we elect people to the presidency. In this fastmoving information environment, today’s burning issue is tomorrow’s historical footnote. It’s far more important to develop a sense of what kind of person we are electing to the nation’s highest office. Television affords us that opportunity in a way no other medium can.2．It can be inferred from the article about the impact of electronic media on presidential elections that before 1960 TV had little or no role in the outcome of an election.A．YB．NC．NG正确答案：A解析：由文中第一句话可知直到1960年，广告和公共关系所扮演的角色才“first became apparent”，故由此可推知在1960年以前，这种电子媒介对选举结果的影响是很小的，故此判断正确。
大学英语四级模拟试题及答案解析
⼤学英语四级模拟试题及答案解析⼤学英语四级模拟试题及答案解析Part One Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said - Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) At the office is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.1. A) She is not interested in the article.B) She has given the man much trouble.C) She would like to have a copy of the article.D) She doesn't want to take the trouble to read the article.2. A) He saw the big tower he visited on TV~B) He has visited the TV tower twice.C) He has visited the TV tower once.D) He will visit the TV tower in June.3. A) The woman has trouble getting along with the professor.B) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor's time.C) The woman knows the professor has been busy.D) The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.4. A) He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B) He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job.C) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family,D) He wants to spend more time with his family.5. A) The man thought the essay was easy.B) They both had a hard time writing the essay.C) The woman thought the essay was easy.D) Neither of them has finished the assignment yet.6. A) In the park. B) Between two buildingsC) In his apartment. D) Under a huge tree.7. A) It's awfully dull. B) It's really exciting.C) it's very exhausting. D) It's quite challenging.8. A) movie. B) A lecture. C) A play. D) A speech.9. A) The weather is mild compared to the past years.B) They are having the coldest winter ever.C) The weather will soon get warmer.D) The weather may get even colder.10. A) The mystery story.B) The hiring of a shop assistant.C) The search for a reliable witness.D) An unsolved case of robbery.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They want to change the way English is taught.B) They learn English to find well-paid jobs.C) They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English.D) They know clearly what they want to learn.12. A) Professionals. B) College students.C) Beginners D) Intermediate earners.13. A) Courses for doctors. B) Courses for businessmen.C) Courses for reporters. D) Courses for lawyers.14. A) Three groups of learners. B) The importance of business English.C) English for Specific Purposes. D) Features of English for different papacies. Passage Two Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) To show off their wealth.B) To feel good.C) To regain their memory.D) To be different from others.16. A) To help solve their psychological problems.B) To play games with them.C) To send sham to the hospital.D) To make them aware of its harmfulness.17. A) They need care and affection.B) They are fond of round-the-world trips.C) They are mostly from broken families.D) They are likely to commit crimes.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) Because it was too heavy.B) Because it did not bend easily.C) Because it did not shoot far.D) Because its string was short.19. A) It went out of use 300 years agoB) h was invented alter the short how.C) It was discovered before fire and the wheel.D) It's still in use today.20. A) They are accurate and easy to pull.B) Their shooting range is 40 yards.C) They are usually used indoors.D) They took 100 years to develop.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human “guinea pig”is tested using a regular tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. Twisted joints and stretched muscles can not perform as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph （肌动记器）, makes visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle.Another machine measures any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon which to base a new design. One conclusion of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more stable and safer to use than one with four legs. This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer’s first thought is for the health of the tool user. With the repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light manual work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety hazard.Efficiency is the by-product of comfort, Dr. Tichauer believes, and his new designs for traditional tools have proved his point.21. What are involved in the design of a new tool according to the passage?A) Electronic instruments and a regular tool.B) A human “guinea pig”and a regular tool.C) Electronic instruments and a human “guinea pig”.D) Electronic instruments, a human “guinea pig”and a regular tool.22. From the passage we know that joints and muscles perform best when __________________.A) they are twisted and stretchedB) they are in their normal positionsC) they are tested with a human “guinea pig”D) they are tested with electronic instruments23. A “myograph”(Para. 2, Line 1) is an electronic instrument that ________________.A) is able to design new toolsB) measures the amount of energy usedC) enable people to see the muscular movementsD) visualizes electrical signals24. It can be inferred from the passage that ________________.A) a stepladder used to have four legs.B) it is dangerous to use toolsC) a tripod is safer in a tool designD) workers are safer on production lines25. Dr. Tichauer started his experiments initially to _________________.A) improve efficiencyB) increase productionC) reduce work loadD) improve comfortQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.It’s easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗) the most confidential （保密）records right under the noses of the company’s executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.26. It can be concluded from the passage that _______________.A) it is still impossible to detect computer crimes todayB) people commit computer crimes at the request of their companyC) computer criminals escape punishment because they can’t be detectedD) computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions27. It is implied in the third paragraph that _________________.A) most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luckB) the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problemC) most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimesD) many more computer crimes go undetected that are discovered28. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?A) A strict law against computer crimes must be enforcedB) Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputationC) Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputationD) Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information29. What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught?A) With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job.B) They may walk away and easily find another job.C) They will be denied access to confidential recordsD) They must leave the country to go to jail.30. The passage is mainly about _________________.A) why computer criminals are often able to escape punishmentB) why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspectionsC) how computer criminals mange to get good recommendations from their former employersD) why computer crimes can’t be eliminatedQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and indecision makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important –and that has happened in some cases – we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism”– but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit – nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyse man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out itsown ways for solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism（命令主义）has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent （相关的，切题的）not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.31. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is _________________.A) fundamental to a sound democracyB) not pertinent to healthy family lifeC) responsible for MomismD) what we have almost given up32. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and the father is that ___________.A) the role of the father may become an inferior one’B) the role of the mother may become an inferior oneC) C) the children will grow up believing that life is a battle of sexesD) sharing leads to constant arguing33. The author states that bringing up children ________________.A) is mainly the mother’s jobB) belongs among the duties of the fatherC) is the job of schools and churchesD) involves a partnership of equals34. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is ____________________.A) minor because he is an ineffectual parentB) irrelevant to the healthy development of the childC) pertinent to the healthy development of the childD) identical to the role of the child’s mother35. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?A) A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.B) Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.C) Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.D) A woman’s place in the home – now as always.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn”activities recommended by advocates （倡导者）of “open”classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate”in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted（控诉）the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said – andmore scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed –that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics（语⾳学）, is far superior.Systematic phonics first teachers children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.36. The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is _____________.A) only logical and natural B) the expected positionC) probably a mistake D) merely effective instruction37. The author indicts the look-say reading approach because _________________.A) it overlooks decoding B) Rudolf Flesch agrees with himC) he says it is boring D) many schools continue to use this method38. One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is _______________.A) look-say is simpler B) Phonics takes longer to learnC) look-say is easier to teach D) phonics gives readers access to far more words39. The phrase “touch-off”(Para 3, Line 1) most probably means _____________.A) talk about shortly B) start or causeC) compare with D) oppose40. According to the author, which of the following statements is true?A) Phonics approach regards whole-word method as unimportant.B) The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding.C) In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.D) Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of mostcommon words can be learned.Part Three Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the center.41. Word had come from the manager ____________ a new transaction would be concluded.A) whoB) thatC) whichD) when42. There was a traffic jam, but she ____________ get to the destination in time.A) couldB) mightC) ought toD) was able to43. "Do you think ____________ I should attend the lecture?" she asked me.A) thatB) whetherC) ifD) when44. Their room was on the third floor, its window ____________ the sports ground.A) overlooksB) overlookingC) overlookedD) to overlook45. On no account ____________ to anyone who works in the company.A) my name must be mentionedB) my name must mentionC) must my name be mentionedD) must my name mention46. Jim knows little of mathematics, ____________ of chemistry.A) and still lessB) as well asC) no less thanD) and still more47. The man denied ____________ any thing at the supermarket when he was questioned by the police.A) to have stolenB) to stealC) having stolenD) having been stealing48. Did he tell you what ____________ if he had a chance?A) was he going to doB) he would doC) be had doneD) had to do49. The results were to ____________ yesterday, but we have heard nothing.A) revealB) have revealedC) be revealedD) have been revealed50. Calculations, which are astronomically exact, have been made ____________ with the use of computers.A) possibleB) it possibleC) possiblyD) to be possible51. To handle the delicate situation, you must ；be____________A) more than carefulB) more carefullyC) carefully enoughD) enough carefully52. The governess agreed to teach the temperamental child ____________ she was given complete authority.A) whetherB) forC) thatD) provided53. According to the periodic table, ____________ still some elements undiscovered.A) there seem to beB) it seems to beC) it seems thatD) here seem54. The farmer used wood to build a house ____________ to store grain.A) withB) in whichC) whichD) where55. A beam of light will not bend round the corners unless ____________ to do so with the help of a reflecting device.A) being doneB) madeC) to be madeD) having made56. ____________, the more severe the winters are.A) The more north you goB) The farther you go the northC) The more you go northD) The farther north you go57. Vicky has been sad recently, for her plan to go to college ____________ at the last moment.A) fell outB) fell behindC) fell throughD) fell off58. You had better ____________ teasing these newcomers, for that will hurt their feeling.A) leave outB) leave forC) leave offD) leave behind59. Don't lose heart! You should _____________ your courage and overcome the difficulty.A) hold upB) set upC) pull upD) pluck up60. He ____________ a sum of money every month to help the two orphans.A) sets asideB) sets upC) sets alongD) sets in61. His debts had to be _____________ after he committed suicide with his rifle.A) laid offB) written offC) turned offD) put off62. The gentleman ____________ a cherub with his letter.A) combinedB) includedC) keptD) enclosed63. At the meeting both sides exchanged their views on a wide ____________ of topics they were interested in.A) extentC) collectionD) range64. His ____________ has changed but he has kept the fine qualities of a scientific researcher.A) stateB) statusC) stationD) statue65. She can speak French and German, to ____________ nothing of English.A) sayB) speakC) talkD) tell66. If you play with electricity, you may get an electric ____________A) strikeB) beatC) shockD) knock67. It was a wonderful play with a ____________ of over fifty actors and actresses.A) listB) groupC) bunchD) herd68. A ____________change in policy is needed if relations are ever to improve.A) strictB) wideC) everD) radical69. Please give my best ____________ to your family.A) noticeB) attentionC) regardsD) cares70. They bought the land with a ____________ to build a new office block.A) purposeC) goalD) reasonPart IV Close (15 minutes )Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Methods of studying vary; what works__71__ for some students doesn’t work at all for others. The only thing you can do is experiment __72__ you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: __73__ else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you won' t although college. Meantime, there are a few rules that__74__ for everybody. The hint is "don't get ___75___ ".The problem of studying, __76__ enough to start with, becomes almost__77__ when you are trying to do __78__ in one weekend.__79__ the fastest readers have trouble __80__ that. And if you are behind in written work that must be __81__, the teacher who accepts it __82__late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it__83__ . Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no __84__. Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you 'spend on chemistry won' t __85__one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the __86__of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should __87__all their time to it. __88__the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this __89__, begin with the shortest and easiest __90__. Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.71. A) good B) easily C) sufficiently D) well72. A) until B) after C) while D ) so73. A) somebody B) nobody C) everybody D) anybody74. A) follow B) go C) operate D) work75. A) behind B) after C) slow D) later。
大学英语英语四级模拟题(包含答案) (5)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. After the explosion, the factory was a _____ of total confusion.A. situationB. sceneC. viewd. show2. After Tom went to college, he became less financially _____ on his parents, he took some part-time jobs.A. independentB. independenceC. dependentD. dependence3. Airplane and television are among the ____ of science.A. masksB. martyrsC. marvelsD. marrow4. All experts agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully _______ the risks and benefits.A. weighingB. valuingC. evaluatingD. distinguishing5. All our attempts to _____ the child from drowning were in vain.A. regainB. recoverC. reserveD. rescue6. The TV station probably will be back _______ no earlier than this afternoon because of difficulties in locating a part.A. in the airB. on the airC. in airD. to the air7. He is indifferent ______ hardships and dangers.A. ofB. atC. inD. to8. You can't go _______ your promise now; we are depending on you.A. back ofB. back onC. off withD. out of9. I knew her ______ but I have never actually spoken to her.A. from sightB. in sightC. by sightD. on sight10. Sugar is good _______ most people, but harmful ________ diabetics.A. for, toB. to, forC. for, inD. to, with11. You don't have to worry ________ we are here.A. whileB. even ifC. thoughD. until12. The teachers whispered _______ they should disturb the students.A. in order thatB. provided thatC. in caseD. with the result that13. What is music? Some people define it as an artful _______ of sounds across time.A. engagementB. appointmentC. arrangementD. enlargement14. The collapse of the World Trade Center has put US economy in a difficult ______.A. occasionB. caseC. backgroundD. situation15. Mother made a cake ______ for me.A. speciallyB. especiallyC. particularlyD. essentially16.- Are you a singer as well as an actress?( )-No. it's not a singer___.A. at allB. after allC. in allD. for all17.We spent half an hour waiting for the bus.( )finally we went home on foot.A. Of forB. Or tooC. So muchD. but18.Every morning my little dog is the first____ up at my bed and gentiy wake me up.( )A. Turns isB. to turnC. Turn toD. turning19.--i introduce myself? My name is Meg Johnson.( )Nice to meet you, Mr. Johnson.A. Must isB. ShouldC. Need netD. Mays20.The boss made them.___ten hours day. ( )A.worked toB.workingC.workD.to work二、翻译（共5小题，每小题3分；共计15分）1、所有的窗户都开着，他就睡着了。
大学英语四级模拟试题十五(附含答案解析)
大学英语四级模拟题十五Part I Writing(15’)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express yourthanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty.Youshould write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25’)Section A (1’×7 =7’)Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the endof each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the newsreport and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) andD). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.News Report OneQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you’ve just heard.1.A) 250, 000 at 50 centres. C) 255, 000 at 50 centres.B) 250, 000 at 55 centres. D) 255,000 at 55 centres.2.A) Electronic detection.B) Telephone call screening.C) Fingerprints identification.D) Sunday’s dress rehearsal.News Report Two1 / 17Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you’ve just heard.3.A) It called for a quality inspection on Peanut Corp. of America.B) It rejected the business request from Peanut Corp. of America.C) It decided not to cooperate with Peanut Corp. of America.D) It decided to have a lawsuit with Peanut Corp. of America.4.A) They have so far caused 691 people to be sick.B) They have so far caused 3, 516 people to be sent to hospital.C) They have so far caused 2 plants to be contaminated.D) They have so far caused 9 foods to be recalled in history.News Report ThreeQuestions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you’ve jus t heard.5. A) Inability to keep turning out novel products.B) Inability to implement their business plans.C) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.D) Lack of a successful business model of their own.6. A) It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.B) It is the secret to business success.C) It is an essential part of business culture.D) It is the creation of something new.7.A) Its hardworking employees.B) Its innovation culture.C) Its flexible promotion strategy.D) Its willingness to make investments.Section B (1’×8 =8’)Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At theend of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversationand the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe center.Conversation OneQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.2 / 178.A) She has no time to study.B) She is short of money.C) She hasn’t heard from her parents for a long time.D) She doesn’t know where all her money has gone.9.A) 190 dollars. C) 760 dollars.B) 250 dollars. D) 1, 010 dollars.10.A) He is Carina’s boyfriend.B) He is Carina’s financial consultant.C) He is working in the loan section of a bank.D) He is studying economics at a university.11.A) She has a poor head for economics.B) She wants to ask for a loan from Tim’s bank.C) She earns little but spends far too much money for a student.D) She wants Tim to be her financial consultant.Conversation TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.12.A) At a road crossing.B) Near a school.C) In front of a kindergarten.D) Outside a police station.13.A) He did not notice it.B) He drove too fast to read it.C) It says 45 miles an hour.D) It is not clearly visible.14.A) It is not genuine.B) It actually belongs to somebody else.C) It should have been renewed two months ago.D) It is no longer valid.15.A) He was fined 35 dollars.B) He had to do two weeks’ community service.C) He got a ticket.D) He had his driver’s license canceled.Section C (1’×10 =3 / 1710’)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.16.A) He is short of money.B) He does not think money is everything.C) He works hard for the sake of money.D) He wants to be a successful businessman and has plenty of time for leisure.17.A) People have reasons to seek fame.B) People are advised not to seek fame.C) Fame is less important than money.D) Fame is more important than money.18.A) She is not interested in either money or fame.B) She wants to succeed in doing something more inventive.C) She makes a living by doing research.D) She thinks that those who seek fame will end up with a poor reputation.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.19.A) Cheating. C) Road accidents.B) Theft. D) Air crash.20.A) Have the right documents.B) Learn the local customs.C) Book tickets well in advance.D) Make hotel reservations.21.A) Get a lift if possible.B) Contact your agent.C) Have a friend meet you.D) Use official transport.4 / 17Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.22.A) It covers 97 square kilometers.B) It covers 179 square miles.C) It is only half the size of Spain.D) It is as big as New York City.23.A) It was cut off from the rest of the world.B) It imported food from foreign countries.C) Its citizens enjoyed a peaceful, comfortable life.D) Its geographic features attracted many visitors.24.A) The increasing investment by developed countries.B) The establishing of diplomatic relations with France and Spain.C) The building of roads connecting it with neighboring countries.D) The fast development of its neighboring countries.25.A) They work on their farms.B) They work in the tourist industry.C) The make traditional handicrafts.D) They raise domestic animals.Part III Multiple Choice(0.5'×20=10')Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentencethere are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer thatbest completes the sentence. Then write the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet.26. The knowledge that a rescue team would continue searching for them________ the trapped miners.A) retained B) attained C) maintained D)sustained27. The committee recommends that the budget ________ discussed at the nextmeeting.A) is B) will be C) be D) are28. Anyone over the age of 18 is ________ to vote.A) illegible B) legible C) eligible D)5 / 17ineligible29. ________ of us can do everything, but all of us can do ________.A) None, something C) Some, everythingB) Few, nothing D) Few, nothing30. My father often tells me that a man should aim ________ and never speak ________of himself.A) highly, high C) high, highB) high, highly D) highly, highly31. John was ________ from the warehouse to the accounting office, whichwas considered a promotion.A) transformed B) transferred C) delivered D) transmitted32. I don’t want to _________ his bad temper.A) put up with C) keep up withB) come up with D) come out with33. The film you watched yesterday was ________ from a novel by Jane Austen.A) adopted B) based C) adapted D) adept34. If he had made an appointment, he ________ the director.A) could see C) can seeB) could have seen D) had seen35. The government’s plan is that social security ________ about a fifthof the total public spending.A) takes account of B) on account of C) accounts for D) countson36. Give the message to _______ needs it at the table.A) whomever B) whatever C) whosever D)whoever37. He did not realize that the unemployment was all that _______in the city.A) critic B) critical C) criticism D)criticize38. _______ are usually preferred by children in the hospital.A) Women doctor C) Woman doctorB) Women doctors D) Woman doctors39. We can read worldwide news on the website of The BritishBroadcasting_______.6 / 17A) Cooperate B) Cooperation C) Corporate D) Corporation40. My doctor ________ me to a specialist in heart disease.A) inferred B) preferred C) referred D)differed41. We gave up the house, because of _______ considerations.A) economic B) economics C) economical D) economy42. The flu is believed _______ by viruses that like to reproduce in thecells inside the human nose and throat.A) cause C) to be causedB) being caused D) to have caused43. Thanks to the modern electrical _______, housework nowadays has beenmade easier and easier.A) appliances B) facilities C) tools D) instruments44. Let me see all the official documents _______ the sale of this land.A) concerned B) concerning C) concerns D) concernedly45. Great as Newton was, many of his theories_______ today and are beingmodified by the work of scientists of our time.A) are to be challenged C) have been challengedB) are challenging D) may be challengedPart IV Reading Comprehension (35')Section A (0.5’×10 =5’)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You arerequired to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given ina word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Pleasenot use any of the words in the bank more than once.（请在答题纸上写单词的代号）You have chosen to attend a university that is not only a great educational institution but is also a great research institution. I7 / 17encourage you to take 46 of that. Take courses and 47 seminars that explore the frontiers of fields where new knowledge and understanding arebeing created. For me, participating in research as an undergraduate led me from my major in 48 engineering to my major in computer science, andit 49 a passion for being on the leading edge of discovery. This 50 sustained me through my PhD and continues to excite me after more than 30 years as a Stanford faculty member. Being at the 51 of discovery and taking part in the creation of new knowledge is an 52 rewarding and life-altering experience.As you begin your time at Stanford and plan your four years here, I would 53 you to remember that your undergraduate education is a foundation for life. It is a once-in-a-lifetime journey. It is much more than your 54 to your first job. It is an opportunity to develop the skills and passion for being a lifelong learner in areas 55 to and outside of your career.Section B (1’×10 =10’)Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with tenstatements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in oneof the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information isderived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the questions by writing the corresponding letter onthe Answer Sheet.The End of the Book?[A] Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported onMay 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle formatthan in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering thatthe Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14percent of all book sales in the country and are increasing far faster than8 / 17overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.[B] Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing with moveable type in the 1450s.[C] Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, “romance fiction,” etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few y ears. Hardback and trade paperbacks for “serious” nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.[D] As for children’s books, who knows? Children’s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market (and the marketing) is inherently strange.[E] For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples oftechnological change and see what happened to the old technology.[F] One technology replaces another only because the new technology isbetter, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and morethoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable typeon paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared withthat of the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes fromsheepskin. A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, aBible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 booksin all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.[G] But while printing quickly caused the hand written book to die out,handwriting lingered on（继续存在）well into the 16th century. Very specialbooks are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kindshow pieces.[H] Sometimes a new technology doesn’t drive the old one out, but onlyparts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predictedto drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’t, because9 / 17theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.[I] Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.[J] Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows (“Jack Benny,” “Amos and Andy,” “The Shadow”) all migrated to television. But because y ou can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio’s prime, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.[K] Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry（骑兵）replaced the chariot（二轮战车）on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized “an officer and a gentleman.”[L] Sometimes new technology is a little cranky（不稳定的）at first.Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance.And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the NorthAtlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its muchgreater speed. But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s,because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until shipsbecame large enough (and engines small enough) to mount two engines sideby side, they needed to keep sails. (The high cost of steam and the lesserneed for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight moving bysail until the early years of the 20th century.)[M] Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper-and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. Butfunctioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a houseor apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of the fire. Firewas one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind,providing heat, protection, and cooked food (which is much easier to eatand digest). Human control of fire goes back far enough (over a million years)10 / 17that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.[N] Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile（触觉的）pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter’s night.[O] For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful back-up for when the lights go out..56. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seenfor centuries.57. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered importantones.58. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.59. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industrysurvived.60. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.61. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one withouta clear advantage.62. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.63. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.64. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced bye-books.65. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the senseof touch they can provide.Section C (2’×10 =20’)11 / 17Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year.Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the a verage married couple’s income.This is not necessarily a new trend, but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still.Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms, than they did in 1990.Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycarecenter’s expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.So who’s to blame for higher childcare c osts?Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space carecenters need per child, and other minute details. And the stricter theregulations, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for everytwo children, it can’t really achieve any economies of scale on labor tosave money when other expenses go up. In Massachusetts, where childcarecenters must hire one teacher for every three infants, the price of careaveraged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hireone teacher for every five infants, the price of care averaged less than$5,000.Unfortunately, I don’t have all the daycare-center regulations at hand.But I wouldn’t be surp rised if as the rules have become more elaborate,prices have risen. The tradeoff （交换）might be worth it in some cases; afterall, the health and safety of children should probably come before cheap12 / 17service. But certainly, it doesn’t seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated South.66. What problem do parents of small kids have to face?A) The ever-rising childcare prices.B) The budgeting of family expenses.C) The balance between work and family.D) The selection of a good daycare center.67. What does the author feel puzzled about?A) Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.B) Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.C) Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professional in a numberof states.D) Why childcare workers’ pay has not increased with the risingchildcare costs.68. What prevent childcare centers from saving money?A) Steady increase in labor costs.B) Strict government regulations.C) Lack of support from the state.D) High administrative expenses.69. Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than inMassachusetts?A) The overall quality of service is not as good.B) Payments for caregivers there are not as high.C) Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.D) Living expenses there are comparatively low.70. What is the author’s view on daycare service?A) Caregivers should receive regular professional training.B) Less elaborate rules about childcare might lower costs.C) It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.D) It is better for different states to learn from each other.13 / 17Passage TwoQuestions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.When it’s five o’clock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them they’re done.These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale（士气）and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m., research from 10 a.m. to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they hadparticipants organize different activities—from project planning, holidayshopping, to yoga—by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under“clock time” vs “task time.” They found clock timers to be more efficientbut less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timersare happier and more creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy themoment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that comeup.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in the business culture. Smart companies, they believe,will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristicof the economy: work organized by clock time. While most people will stillprobably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timingshould be used when performing a job that requires more creativity. It’llmake those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.71. What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?14 / 17A) It makes everybody time-conscious.B) It is a convenience for work and life.C) It may have a negative effect on creative work.D) It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.72. How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A) They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.B) They combine clock-based and task-based planning.C) They set a time limit for each specific task.D) They accomplish their tasks one by one.73. What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments aboutclock-timers?A) They tend to be more productive.B) They always get their work done in time.C) They have more control over their lives.D) They seize opportunities as they come up.74. What do the researchers say about today’s business culture?A) It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B) It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C) It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on work ers’ lives.D) It aims to bring employees’ potential and creativity into full play.75. What do the researchers suggest?A) A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.B) It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C) Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D) Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.Part V Translation (15')Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passagefrom Chinese to English. You should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.在几年前，因特网上提供的工作绝大部分还局限于高科技领域。
大学英语四级模拟试题十五(附含答案解析)
大学英语四级模拟题十五一二三四五主观题客观题总分核查人Part I Writing(15’)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express yourthanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty.Youshould write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25’)Section A (1’×7 = 7’)Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.News Report OneQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you’ve just heard.1.A) 250, 000 at 50 centres. C) 255, 000 at 50 centres.B) 250, 000 at 55 centres. D) 255,000 at 55 centres.2.A) Electronic detection.B) Telephone call screening.C) Fingerprints identification.D) Sunday’s dress rehearsal.News Report Twoword版本整理分享Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you’ve just heard.3.A) It called for a quality inspection on Peanut Corp. of America.B) It rejected the business request from Peanut Corp. of America.C) It decided not to cooperate with Peanut Corp. of America.D) It decided to have a lawsuit with Peanut Corp. of America.4.A) They have so far caused 691 people to be sick.B) They have so far caused 3, 516 people to be sent to hospital.C) They have so far caused 2 plants to be contaminated.D) They have so far caused 9 foods to be recalled in history.News Report ThreeQuestions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you’ve jus t heard.5. A) Inability to keep turning out novel products.B) Inability to implement their business plans.C) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.D) Lack of a successful business model of their own.6. A) It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.B) It is the secret to business success.C) It is an essential part of business culture.D) It is the creation of something new.7.A) Its hardworking employees.B) Its innovation culture.C) Its flexible promotion strategy.D) Its willingness to make investments.Section B (1’×8 = 8’)Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Conversation OneQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.word版本整理分享8.A) She has no time to study.B) She is short of money.C) She hasn’t heard from her parents for a long time.D) She doesn’t know where all her money has gone.9.A) 190 dollars. C) 760 dollars.B) 250 dollars. D) 1, 010 dollars.10.A) He is Carina’s boyfriend.B) He is Carina’s financial consultant.C) He is working in the loan section of a bank.D) He is studying economics at a university.11.A) She has a poor head for economics.B) She wants to ask for a loan from Tim’s bank.C) She earns little but spends far too much money for a student.D) She wants Tim to be her financial consultant.Conversation TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.12.A) At a road crossing.B) Near a school.C) In front of a kindergarten.D) Outside a police station.13.A) He did not notice it.B) He drove too fast to read it.C) It says 45 miles an hour.D) It is not clearly visible.14.A) It is not genuine.B) It actually belongs to somebody else.C) It should have been renewed two months ago.D) It is no longer valid.15.A) He was fined 35 dollars.B) He had to do two weeks’ community service.C) He got a ticket.D) He had his driver’s license canceled.Section C (1’×10 =word版本整理分享10’)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.16.A) He is short of money.B) He does not think money is everything.C) He works hard for the sake of money.D) He wants to be a successful businessman and has plenty of time for leisure.17.A) People have reasons to seek fame.B) People are advised not to seek fame.C) Fame is less important than money.D) Fame is more important than money.18.A) She is not interested in either money or fame.B) She wants to succeed in doing something more inventive.C) She makes a living by doing research.D) She thinks that those who seek fame will end up with a poor reputation.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.19.A) Cheating. C) Road accidents.B) Theft. D) Air crash.20.A) Have the right documents.B) Learn the local customs.C) Book tickets well in advance.D) Make hotel reservations.21.A) Get a lift if possible.B) Contact your agent.C) Have a friend meet you.D) Use official transport.word版本整理分享Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.22.A) It covers 97 square kilometers.B) It covers 179 square miles.C) It is only half the size of Spain.D) It is as big as New York City.23.A) It was cut off from the rest of the world.B) It imported food from foreign countries.C) Its citizens enjoyed a peaceful, comfortable life.D) Its geographic features attracted many visitors.24.A) The increasing investment by developed countries.B) The establishing of diplomatic relations with France and Spain.C) The building of roads connecting it with neighboring countries.D) The fast development of its neighboring countries.25.A) They work on their farms.B) They work in the tourist industry.C) The make traditional handicrafts.D) They raise domestic animals.Part III Multiple Choice(0.5'×20=10')Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.26. The knowledge that a rescue team would continue searching for them________ the trapped miners.A) retained B) attained C) maintained D) sustained27. The committee recommends that the budget ________ discussed at the nextmeeting.A) is B) will be C) be D) are28. Anyone over the age of 18 is ________ to vote.A) illegible B) legible C) eligible D)word版本整理分享ineligible29. ________ of us can do everything, but all of us can do ________.A) None, something C) Some, everythingB) Few, nothing D) Few, nothing30. My father often tells me that a man should aim ________ and never speak ________of himself.A) highly, high C) high, highB) high, highly D) highly, highly31. John was ________ from the warehouse to the accounting office, whichwas considered a promotion.A) transformed B) transferred C) delivered D) transmitted32. I don’t want to _________ his bad temper.A) put up with C) keep up withB) come up with D) come out with33. The film you watched yesterday was ________ from a novel by Jane Austen.A) adopted B) based C) adapted D) adept 34. If he had made an appointment, he ________ the director.A) could see C) can seeB) could have seen D) had seen35. The government’s plan is that social security ________ about a fifthof the total public spending.A) takes account of B) on account of C) accounts for D) counts on36. Give the message to _______ needs it at the table.A) whomever B) whatever C) whosever D) whoever37. He did not realize that the unemployment was all that _______in the city.A) critic B) critical C) criticism D) criticize38. _______ are usually preferred by children in the hospital.A) Women doctor C) Woman doctorB) Women doctors D) Woman doctors39. We can read worldwide news on the website of The BritishBroadcasting_______.word版本整理分享A) Cooperate B) Cooperation C) Corporate D) Corporation40. My doctor ________ me to a specialist in heart disease.A) inferred B) preferred C) referred D)differed41. We gave up the house, because of _______ considerations.A) economic B) economics C) economical D) economy42. The flu is believed _______ by viruses that like to reproduce in thecells inside the human nose and throat.A) cause C) to be causedB) being caused D) to have caused43. Thanks to the modern electrical _______, housework nowadays has beenmade easier and easier.A) appliances B) facilities C) tools D) instruments44. Let me see all the official documents _______ the sale of this land.A) concerned B) concerning C) concerns D) concernedly 45. Great as Newton was, many of his theories_______ today and are beingmodified by the work of scientists of our time.A) are to be challenged C) have been challengedB) are challenging D) may be challengedPart IV Reading Comprehension (35') Section A (0.5’×10 = 5’)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please write the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.（请在答题纸上写单词的代号）You have chosen to attend a university that is not only a great educational institution but is also a great research institution. Iword版本整理分享encourage you to take 46 of that. Take courses and 47 seminars that explore the frontiers of fields where new knowledge and understanding arebeing created. For me, participating in research as an undergraduate led me from my major in 48 engineering to my major in computer science, andit 49 a passion for being on the leading edge of discovery. This 50 sustained me through my PhD and continues to excite me after more than 30 years as a Stanford faculty member. Being at the 51 of discovery and taking part in the creation of new knowledge is an 52 rewarding and life-altering experience.As you begin your time at Stanford and plan your four years here, I would 53 you to remember that your undergraduate education is a foundation for life. It is a once-in-a-lifetime journey. It is much more than your 54 to your first job. It is an opportunity to develop the skills and passion for being a lifelong learner in areas 55 to and outside of your career. Section B (1’×10 = 10’)Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by writing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.The End of the Book?[A] Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in the country and are increasing far faster thanA) participate B) ticket C) transferred D) use E) ignited F) advantage G) urge H) constructive I) attend J) immensely K) passion L) forefront M) intellectually N) related O) electricalword版本整理分享overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.[B] Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing with moveable type in the 1450s.[C] Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thril lers, “romance fiction,” etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for “serious” nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.[D] As for children’s books, who knows? Children’s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market (and the marketing) is inherently strange.[E] For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.[F] One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with that of the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.[G] But while printing quickly caused the hand written book to die out, handwriting lingered on（继续存在）well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.[H] Sometimes a new t echnology doesn’t drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’t, becauseword版本整理分享theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.[I] Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.[J] Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows (“Jack Benny,” “Amos and Andy,” “The Shadow”) all migrated to television. But because you can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio’s prime, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.[K] Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry（骑兵）replaced the chariot（二轮战车）on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized “an officer and a gentleman.”[L] Sometimes new technology is a little cranky（不稳定的）at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed. But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough (and engines small enough) to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. (The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight movin g by sail until the early years of the 20th century.)[M] Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper-and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of the fire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food (which is much easier to eat and digest). Human control of fire goes back far enough (over a million years)word版本整理分享that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.[N] Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile（触觉的）pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter’s night.[O] For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful back-up for when the lights go out..56. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seenfor centuries.57. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.58. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.59. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.60. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.61. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one withouta clear advantage.62. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.63. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.64. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.65. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the senseof touch they can provide.Section C (2’×10 = 20’)word版本整理分享Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year.Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the average married couple’s income.This is not necessarily a new trend, but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms, than they did in 1990. Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center’s expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.So who’s to blame for higher childcare costs?Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute details. And the stricter the regulations, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can’t really achieve any econ omies of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up. In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infants, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infants, the price of care averaged less than $5,000.Unfortunately, I don’t have all the daycare-center regulations at hand. But I wouldn’t be surprised if as the rules have become more elaborate, prices have risen. The tradeoff （交换）might be worth it in some cases; after all, the health and safety of children should probably come before cheapword版本整理分享service. But certainly, it doesn’t seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated South.66. What problem do parents of small kids have to face?A) The ever-rising childcare prices.B) The budgeting of family expenses.C) The balance between work and family.D) The selection of a good daycare center.67. What does the author feel puzzled about?A) Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.B) Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.C) Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professional in a numberof states.D) Why childcare workers’ pay has not incre ased with the risingchildcare costs.68. What prevent childcare centers from saving money?A) Steady increase in labor costs.B) Strict government regulations.C) Lack of support from the state.D) High administrative expenses.69. Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than inMassachusetts?A) The overall quality of service is not as good.B) Payments for caregivers there are not as high.C) Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.D) Living expenses there are comparatively low.70. What is the author’s view on daycare service?A) Caregivers should receive regular professional training.B) Less elaborate rules about childcare might lower costs.C) It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.D) It is better for different states to learn from each other.word版本整理分享Passage TwoQuestions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.When it’s five o’clock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them they’re done.These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale（士气）and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m., research from 10 a.m. to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities—from project planning, holiday shopping, to yoga—by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under “clock time” vs“task time.” They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in the business culture. Smart companies, they believe, will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time. While most people will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity. It’ll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.71. What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?word版本整理分享A) It makes everybody time-conscious.B) It is a convenience for work and life.C) It may have a negative effect on creative work.D) It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.72. How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A) They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.B) They combine clock-based and task-based planning.C) They set a time limit for each specific task.D) They accomplish their tasks one by one.73. What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments aboutclock-timers?A) They tend to be more productive.B) They always get their work done in time.C) They have more control over their lives.D) They seize opportunities as they come up. 74. What do the researchers say about today’s business culture?A) It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B) It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C) It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers’ lives.D) It aims to bring employees’ potential and creativity into full p lay.75. What do the researchers suggest?A) A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.B) It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C) Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D) Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.Part V Translation (15') Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese to English. You should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.在几年前，因特网上提供的工作绝大部分还局限于高科技领域。
大学英语四级考试模拟题（附答案）
大学英语模拟真题Test 2第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Why not go and have dinner in the restaurant? —_________ It’s too expensive. A. Why not. B. I agree . C. I ’m afraid not. D. I ’m sure. 2. —Mike,I am going to skate in the mountains tomorrow. —Oh,really? _________ A. Good luck. B. Great. C. Have a good time. C. Have a good time. D. Congratulations! D. Congratulations! 3. —Please help yourself to the fish. —_________ A. Thanks,but I don’t like the fish.B. Sorr y ,I can’t help.y,I can’t help.C. Well,fish don’t suit me.D. No,I can’t.4. —_________ —He teaches physics in a school. A. What does your father want to do? B. Who is your father? C. What is your father? D. Where is your father now? 5. —Excuse me, how much is the jacket? —It It’’s 499 Yuan. _________ A. Oh, no. Tha t’t’s OK! s OK! B. How do you like it? C. Which do you prefer? D. Would you like to try it on? 第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）此部分共有2篇短文，在第一篇短文后有5个正误判断题，从每题后的两个选项中选出正确答案；在第二篇短文后有5个问题。
大学英语四级模拟题十五(含规范标准答案)
大学英语四级模拟题十五Part I Writing (15’) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25’) Section A (1’×7 = 7’) Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.News Report OneQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you’ve just heard.1.A) 250, 000 at 50 centres. C) 255, 000 at 50 centres.B) 250, 000 at 55 centres. D) 255,000 at 55 centres.2.A) Electronic detection.B) Telephone call screening.C) Fingerprints identification.D) Sunday’s dress rehearsal.News Report TwoQuestions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you’ve just heard.3.A) It called for a quality inspection on Peanut Corp. of America.B) It rejected the business request from Peanut Corp. of America.C) It decided not to cooperate with Peanut Corp. of America.D) It decided to have a lawsuit with Peanut Corp. of America.4.A) They have so far caused 691 people to be sick.B) They have so far caused 3, 516 people to be sent to hospital.C) They have so far caused 2 plants to be contaminated.D) They have so far caused 9 foods to be recalled in history.News Report ThreeQuestions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you’ve jus t heard.5. A) Inability to keep turning out novel products.B) Inability to implement their business plans.C) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.D) Lack of a successful business model of their own.6. A) It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.B) It is the secret to business success.C) It is an essential part of business culture.D) It is the creation of something new.7.A) Its hardworking employees.B) Its innovation culture.C) Its flexible promotion strategy.D) Its willingness to make investments.Section B (1’×8 = 8’) Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Conversation OneQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.8.A) She has no time to study.B) She is short of money.C) She hasn’t heard from her parents for a long time.D) She doesn’t know where all her money has gone.9.A) 190 dollars. C) 760 dollars.B) 250 dollars. D) 1, 010 dollars.10.A) He is Carina’s boyfriend.B) He is Carina’s financial consultant.C) He is working in the loan section of a bank.D) He is studying economics at a university.11.A) She has a poor head for economics.B) She wants to ask for a loan from Tim’s bank.C) She earns little but spends far too much money for a student.D) She wants Tim to be her financial consultant.Conversation TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.12.A) At a road crossing.B) Near a school.C) In front of a kindergarten.D) Outside a police station.13.A) He did not notice it.B) He drove too fast to read it.C) It says 45 miles an hour.D) It is not clearly visible.14.A) It is not genuine.B) It actually belongs to somebody else.C) It should have been renewed two months ago.D) It is no longer valid.15.A) He was fined 35 dollars.B) He had to do two weeks’ community service.C) He got a ticket.D) He had his driver’s license canceled.Section C (1’×10 = 10’) Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.16.A) He is short of money.B) He does not think money is everything.C) He works hard for the sake of money.D) He wants to be a successful businessman and has plenty of time for leisure.17.A) People have reasons to seek fame.B) People are advised not to seek fame.C) Fame is less important than money.D) Fame is more important than money.18.A) She is not interested in either money or fame.B) She wants to succeed in doing something more inventive.C) She makes a living by doing research.D) She thinks that those who seek fame will end up with a poor reputation. Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.19.A) Cheating. C) Road accidents.B) Theft. D) Air crash.20.A) Have the right documents.B) Learn the local customs.C) Book tickets well in advance.D) Make hotel reservations.21.A) Get a lift if possible.B) Contact your agent.C) Have a friend meet you.D) Use official transport.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.22.A) It covers 97 square kilometers.B) It covers 179 square miles.C) It is only half the size of Spain.D) It is as big as New York City.23.A) It was cut off from the rest of the world.B) It imported food from foreign countries.C) Its citizens enjoyed a peaceful, comfortable life.D) Its geographic features attracted many visitors.24.A) The increasing investment by developed countries.B) The establishing of diplomatic relations with France and Spain.C) The building of roads connecting it with neighboring countries.D) The fast development of its neighboring countries.25.A) They work on their farms.B) They work in the tourist industry.C) The make traditional handicrafts.D) They raise domestic animals.Part III Multiple Choice (0.5'×20=10') Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.26. The knowledge that a rescue team would continue searching for them ________ thetrapped miners.A) retained B) attained C) maintained D) sustained27. The committee recommends that the budget ________ discussed at the next meeting.A) is B) will be C) be D) are28. Anyone over the age of 18 is ________ to vote.A) illegible B) legible C) eligible D) ineligible29. ________ of us can do everything, but all of us can do ________.A) None, something C) Some, everythingB) Few, nothing D) Few, nothing30. My father often tells me that a man should aim ________ and never speak ________of himself.A) highly, high C) high, highB) high, highly D) highly, highly31. John was ________ from the warehouse to the accounting office, which wasconsidered a promotion.A) transformed B) transferred C) delivered D) transmitted32. I don’t want to _________ his bad temper.A) put up with C) keep up withB) come up with D) come out with33. The film you watched yesterday was ________ from a novel by Jane Austen.A) adopted B) based C) adapted D) adept34. If he had made an appointment, he ________ the director.A) could see C) can seeB) could have seen D) had seen35. The government’s plan is that social security ________ about a fifth of the totalpublic spending.A) takes account of B) on account of C) accounts for D) counts on36. Give the message to _______ needs it at the table.A) whomever B) whatever C) whosever D) whoever37. He did not realize that the unemployment was all that _______in the city.A) critic B) critical C) criticism D) criticize 38. _______ are usually preferred by children in the hospital.A) Women doctor C) Woman doctorB) Women doctors D) Woman doctors39. We can read worldwide news on the website of The British Broadcasting_______.A) Cooperate B) Cooperation C) Corporate D) Corporation40. My doctor ________ me to a specialist in heart disease.A) inferred B) preferred C) referred D) differed41. We gave up the house, because of _______ considerations.A) economic B) economics C) economical D) economy42. The flu is believed _______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside thehuman nose and throat.A) cause C) to be causedB) being caused D) to have caused43. Thanks to the modern electrical _______, housework nowadays has been made easierand easier.A) appliances B) facilities C) tools D) instruments44. Let me see all the official documents _______ the sale of this land.A) concerned B) concerning C) concerns D) concernedly45. Great as Newton was, many of his theories_______ today and are being modified bythe work of scientists of our time.A) are to be challenged C) have been challengedB) are challenging D) may be challengedPart IV Reading Comprehension (35')Section A (0.5’×10 = 5’) Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please write the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.（请在答题纸上写单词的代号）You have chosen to attend a university that is not only a great educational institution but is also a great research institution. I encourage you to take 46 of that. Take courses and 47 seminars that explore the frontiers of fields where new knowledge and understanding are being created. For me, participating in research as an undergraduate led me from my major in 48 engineering to my major in computer science, and it 49 a passion for being on the leading edge of discovery. This 50sustained me through my PhD and continues to excite me after more than 30 years as a Stanford faculty member. Being at the 51 of discovery and taking part in the creation of new knowledge is an 52 rewarding and life-altering experience.As you begin your time at Stanford and plan your four years here, I would 53 you to remember that your undergraduate education is a foundation for life. It is a once-in-a-lifetime journey. It is much more than your 54 to your first job. It is an opportunity to develop the skills and passion for being a lifelong learner in areas 55 to and outside of your career.Section B (1’×10 = 10’) Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by writing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.The End of the Book?[A] Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in the country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.[B] Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing with moveable type in the 1450s.[C] Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thril lers, “romance fiction,” etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for “serious” nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.[D] As for children’s books, who knows? Children’s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market (and the marketing) is inherently strange.[E] For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples of technol ogical change and see what happened to the old technology.[F] One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with that of the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.[G] But while printing quickly caused the hand written book to die out, handwriting lingered on（继续存在）well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.[H] Sometimes a new t echnology doesn’t drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.[I] Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.[J] Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows (“Jack Benny,” “Amos and Andy,” “The Shadow”)all migrated to television. But because you can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio’s prime, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.[K] Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry（骑兵）replaced the chariot（二轮战车）on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized “an officer and a gentleman.”[L] Sometimes new technology is a little cranky（不稳定的）at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the oldtechnology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed. But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough (and engines small enough) to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. (The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight movin g by sail until the early years of the 20th century.)[M] Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper-and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of the fire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food (which is much easier to eat and digest). Human control of fire goes back far enough (over a million years) that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.[N] Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile（触觉的）pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter’s night.[O] For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful back-up for when the lights go out..56. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seenfor centuries.57. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.58. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.59. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.60. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.61. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clearadvantage.62. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.63. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.64. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books. 65. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they canprovide.Section C (2’×10 = 20’) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year.Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the average married couple’s income.This is not necessarily a new trend, but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms, than they did in 1990. Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center’s expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.So who’s to blame for higher childcare costs?Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute details. And the stricter the regulations, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can’t really achieve any econ omies of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up. In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infants, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infants, the price of care averaged less than $5,000.Unfortunately, I don’t have all the daycare-center regulations at hand. But I wouldn’t be surprised if as the rules have become more elaborate, prices have risen. The tradeoff （交换）might be worth it in some cases; after all, the health and safety of children should probably come before cheap service. But certainly, it doesn’t seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated South. 66. What problem do parents of small kids have to face?A) The ever-rising childcare prices.B) The budgeting of family expenses.C) The balance between work and family.D) The selection of a good daycare center.67. What does the author feel puzzled about?A) Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.B) Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.C) Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professional in a number of states.D) Why childcare workers’ pay has not incre ased with the rising childcare costs.68. What prevent childcare centers from saving money?A) Steady increase in labor costs.B) Strict government regulations.C) Lack of support from the state.D) High administrative expenses.69. Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than inMassachusetts?A) The overall quality of service is not as good.B) Payments for caregivers there are not as high.C) Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.D) Living expenses there are comparatively low.70. What is the author’s view on daycare service?A) Caregivers should receive regular professional training.B) Less elaborate rules about childcare might lower costs.C) It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.D) It is better for different states to learn from each other.Passage TwoQuestions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.When it’s five o’clock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is defined by time. They leave when the c lock tells them they’re done.These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale（士气）and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m., research from 10 a.m. to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities—from project planning, holiday shopping, to yoga—by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under “clock time” vs“task time.” They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in the business culture. Smart companies, they believe, will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time. While most people will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity. It’ll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.71. What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?A) It makes everybody time-conscious.B) It is a convenience for work and life.C) It may have a negative effect on creative work.D) It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.72. How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A) They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.B) They combine clock-based and task-based planning.C) They set a time limit for each specific task.D) They accomplish their tasks one by one.73. What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments aboutclock-timers?A) They tend to be more productive.B) They always get their work done in time.C) They have more control over their lives.D) They seize opportunities as they come up.74. What do the researchers say about today’s business culture?A) It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B) It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C) It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers’ lives.D) It aims to bring employees’ potential and creativity into full p lay.75. What do the researchers suggest?A) A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.B) It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C) Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D) Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.Part V Translation (15') Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese to English. You should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.在几年前，因特网上提供的工作绝大部分还局限于高科技领域。
四级考试模拟题及答案
四级考试模拟题及答案一、听力理解（共25题，每题1分，共25分）1. A) The man is looking for a job.B) The woman is looking for a job.C) The man is looking for a house.D) The woman is looking for a house.2. A) The woman is a teacher.B) The man is a teacher.C) The woman is a student.D) The man is a student.3. A) The man is late for the meeting.B) The woman is late for the meeting.C) The man is early for the meeting.D) The woman is early for the meeting.4. A) The woman is not interested in the movie.B) The man is not interested in the movie.C) The woman is interested in the movie.D) The man is interested in the movie.5. A) The man will go to the library.B) The woman will go to the library.C) The man will go to the gym.D) The woman will go to the gym.6-10. [此处省略，共5题]二、阅读理解（共20题，每题2分，共40分）11. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of a good diet.B) The benefits of regular exercise.C) The impact of stress on health.D) The role of sleep in well-being.12. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a cause of stress?A) Work pressure.B) Financial problems.C) Lack of sleep.D) A healthy diet.13. What does the author suggest as a way to reduce stress?A) Taking a vacation.B) Exercising regularly.C) Eating more fast food.D) Working longer hours.14. What is the relationship between the author and the subject of the passage?A) The author is a health expert.B) The author is a personal trainer.C) The author is a nutritionist.D) The author is a stress management coach.15. What is the purpose of the passage?A) To inform.B) To persuade.C) To entertain.D) To argue.16-20. [此处省略，共5题]三、完形填空（共15题，每题1分，共15分）21. A) DespiteB) AlthoughC) UnlessD) Because22. A) decidedB) hesitatedC) agreedD) refused23. A) excitedB) nervousC) surprisedD) disappointed24. A) opportunityB) challengeC) problemD) solution25. A) encouragedB) inspiredC) motivatedD) influenced26-30. [此处省略，共5题]四、翻译（共5题，每题3分，共15分）31. 随着科技的发展，人们的生活越来越便利。