18 19Unit5英美文化欣赏
【导读】 《织工马南》主要描述了一个名叫塞拉斯 马南的纺织工一生的
坎坷经历的故事。阅读下面有关新年舞会的节选，对比中外文化中庆祝新年方式 的异同。
Silas Marner (excerpt
The New Year's Eve dance
On December 31st it was snowing and very cold.AII day there
were ladies and gentlemen arriving at the Red House.
Godfrey Cass was waiting at the door for the only guest he
cared abou ，Nancy Lammeter.F in ally she arrived, sitt ing behi nd
her father on his horse looking more beautiful than ever.Her lovely face blushed as she saw Godfrey come forward to lift her dow n from the horse. “ Why is he waiting for me ?” she thought. “ I thought I made it clear to him that I'll never marry him.People say he leads a bad life, and I can't marry a man like
that.”
But the Squire appeared just then to welcome his guests and in the excitement
no body no ticed Nan cy's pi nk face as Godfrey's stro ng arms lifted her dow n. She hurried into the house with the other ladies to cha nge her clothes.
The house was full of servants running here and there.Mrs. Kimble who always
helped the Squire arrange these partieswas giving orders in a loud voice.Cooks were preparing food in the kitchens ，and there was already a wonderful smell of baking in the air.
Upstairs ，the ladies were excitedly putting on their best dresseswhile talking to
each other all the time.Nancy met her auntMrs. Osgood, who introduced her to some visitors of hers.The Misses Gunn were two young ladies who were not beautifu ，but dressed very fashionably
Just then Nancy's older sister Priscilla arrived.She was a larg^heerful girl ，with
a round face and a nose pink with cold.As they were changing their clothes Priscilla said to Mrs. Osgood, “ Look at our dresses aunt! Of course Nancy looks beautiful in hers, but this colour makes me look yellow! Nancy says we must wear the same
dresses because we're sisters , although I'm five years older! I'm ugly , I know I
I I unra*-
SILAS MARNER
GEOP&E- E LJiOT
am.But I don't mind ！” she turned to Mrs. Osgood's two visitors“. In my opinion the pretty girls are useful—I'm sure you agree—to catch the men.I don't think men are worth worrying about.Any woman with a good father and a good home had better stay single.That's what I'm going to do，anyway.We ugly girls don't need husband！s ”
Mrs. Osgood stood up and said quickly，“My visitors and I should go downstairs now.Priscilla and Nancy，we'll see you later.” And the three ladies hurried out.
“ Oh really，Priscilla ！” cried Nancy，when they were alone“. You never think before you speak! I'm sure the Misses Gunn thought you were very impolite! You almost told them they were ugly！”
“Did I ？”asked Priscilla in surprise.“Well ，that's the way I am.I always tell the truth.But I'm the ugly one—just look at me！”
“Priscilla，you know I asked you to choose the dresses，” replied Nancy worriedly. “ I don't mind what colour I wear.”
“ You look lovely in this colour，dear child! You know you always have whatever you want in the end，although you never give orders or shout about it.I'm looking forward to seeing you married.It'll be fun watching you make your husband do exactly what you want.”
“ Don't say that，”answered Nancy，blushing“. You know I'm never going to get married.”
《织工马南》（节选）
新年舞会
虽然12月31日的天气很冷，而且下着雪，可一整天都有人从四面八方到红屋来。
戈弗雷凯斯在门口等待着他唯一关心的客人一一南茜拉默特。终于她来了，坐在马背上，在她爸爸背后，比平时更美丽动人。当戈弗雷过来扶她下马的时候，南茜漂亮的脸一下子红了。“他等我干什么？”她想，“我想我已经清楚地告诉过他我不会嫁给他。人们说他生活糜烂，我可不会嫁给这样的人。”
这时乡绅出来迎接他的客人，人们都很高兴，也就没人注意到戈弗雷用强壮的手臂扶她下来时她的红脸。南茜和其他女子一块儿跑进屋里去换衣服。
屋里佣人们在跑这儿跑那儿地服务，金布尔太太在大声下达着命令，她经常
帮乡绅安排这些聚会。厨子们在厨房忙着准备饭菜，空气里飘着烤面包的香味。
楼上，女士们一边不停地聊天一边换上最漂亮的衣服。南茜遇到了姨妈奥斯古德太太，姨妈把自己的客人介绍给她，其中有两位年轻女士，甘氏姐妹，她们不太漂亮但穿得很时髦。
这时南茜的姐姐普丽西拉来了，她是个快活的圆脸大个子女孩，鼻子冻得红红的。换衣服时，普丽西拉对奥斯古德太太说：“看我们的衣服，姨妈，南茜穿起来当然漂亮，可我穿起来太老了！南茜说我们是姐妹，要穿一样的衣服，尽管我比她大5 岁！我知道我丑，可是我不在乎。”她又转向姨妈的两个朋友，“我想你们也同意女孩子漂亮就容易抓住男人的心，我可不在乎男人。有个好爸爸、好家庭的女人最好单身。我就打算这样。我们丑姑娘不需要丈夫。”
奥斯古德太太赶紧站起来说：“我们要下楼了。普丽西拉，南茜，过会儿见。” 3 个女人急匆匆出去了。
“真是的，普丽西拉！”只剩她们姐妹俩时南茜生气地说，“你从来不在讲话前先想想！我敢肯定甘氏姐妹认为你很无礼！你差不多是在告诉她们是丑姑娘！”
“是吗？”普丽西拉很惊讶，“嗨，我这人就这样，我总是讲实话。可是看看我，我也丑呀！”
“普丽西拉，你知道我是让你来挑的衣服，”南茜为难地说，“我不在乎穿什么颜色。”
“傻孩子，你穿这种颜色好看！虽然你从不会大嚷大叫或者发号施令，可你最后总能得到你想要的。我盼着看到你结婚，看着你让你的丈夫按你的意思去做，多有趣呀！”
“别说这些，”南茜的脸红了，“你知道我永远不会结婚。”
Priscilla laughed.“I'm the one who'll stay single.And if you don't like Godfrey Cass，well ，there are plenty of other young https://www.360docs.net/doc/bf13292969.html,e，let's go downstairs now”.
Although Priscilla was right in saying she was not good - looking，she was very popular among her neighbours because she was so cheerful and sensible.And Nancy was not only considered to be the most beautiful girl in and around Ravelo，e but also one of the most intelligent.
Seats at the dining- table had been kept for the Lammeter sisters.Priscilla was
taken to sit between her father and the Squire.Nancy felt herself blushing again as Godfrey Cass came to lead her to a seat between himself and the vic，aMr r.
Crack.She knew that if she married Godfrey，she would one day be the most important woman in Raveloe，the Squire's wife.But she repeated firmly to herself that she could not marry a man of bad character.
As she sat down，the vicar，who was always polite to ladies，said with a smile，“ Ah，Miss Nancy，you're looking lovely this evening.Isn't she，Godfrey？”
Godfrey made no reply，and avoided looking at Nancy.There was too much he wanted to say to her.But the Squire，who always enjoyed his parties and was feeling extremely cheerful，was rather impatient with his son.He thought he had better spea，k if Godfrey was too shy to do it himself.
“ That's right，”the Squire said loudl“y. When I look at Miss Nancy here，I think she's more beautiful than any girl I've ever seen”.
While they were eating and drinking，people around the table were listening with interest to the Squire's words.“ Perhaps Godfrey will marry Nancy after all ！” the vicar's wife whispered to Mrs. Osgood.Mr. Lammeter's back was very straight as he looked across the table at his daughter.He was a serious，careful gentleman，who considered the Lammeters a better family than the Casses.He had already decided that Godfrey must change his way of life before Nancy could possibly marry him.
Just then Dr. Kimble called across the tabl，e“Miss Nancy，will you save a dance for me ？”
“ Come，come，Kimble ，” said the Squire，“ let the young ones enjoy themselves.My son Godfrey will be angry if you take Miss Nancy away.I expect he's asked her for the first dance already.Haven't yo，u Godfrey？”
Godfrey was feeling very uncomfortable by now.Turning to Nancy ，he said as lightly as possible，“I haven't asked her ye，t but I hope she'll agree，if nobody's asked her...”
“ No ，I haven't accepted anyone els，e” replied Nancy quietly with a blush.
“ So will you please have the first dance with me？” asked Godfrey，beginning
to feel better.She had not refused him!
“ I will ，” answered Nancy coldly.She was still sure she would not marry him，
第 4 页
but she wanted to remain polite.
“ Ah well ，you're a lucky man，Godfrey，”said Dr. Kimble with a laugh“. I think I can hear the music starting now！”
The guests got up from the table in pairs and small group，sto move into the large hall ，where the dancing was about to start.The small village band was already playing ，as the Squire led the vicar's wife to the end of the hall to start the dance.They were followed by Godfrey and Nancy，and the other ladies and gentlemen.
As the dance went on ，Godfrey felt happier and happier.Holding Nancy in his arms，he forgot all his problems.Suddenly the Squire's heavy foot stood on part of Nancy's dress，and some of the material was pulled away at the waist.Nancy asked Godfrey to take her to a quieter place，where she could repair the damage.He took her to a small room near the hall ，hoping they would have a few private moments together.But Nancy sat down on the chair furthest away from him ，and said coldly，“ Thank you，sir.You needn't stay.I'm very sorry about taking you away from the dance.”
“It's not very kind of you，” said Godfrey，moving close to her，“to be sorry you've danced with me.”
“ I didn't mean that. ” replied Nan，cbylushing prettily“. Gentlemen have so many things to enjoy.I'm sure one dance can't matter very much”.
普丽西拉笑了，“我才是那个要单身的女人，如果你不喜欢戈弗雷凯斯，还有很多别的小伙子。走吧，咱们下楼去！”
虽然普丽西拉确实像她说的那样，不太好看，可她在邻居中人缘很好，因为她开朗而且懂事。而南茜不仅是瑞福洛一带最漂亮的女孩，而且也是最聪明的女孩。
餐桌边拉默特姐妹的座位已经留好了，普丽西拉的座位在爸爸和乡绅之间。南茜觉得自己又脸红了，她被戈弗雷领到了他自己与教区牧师克拉肯先生之间的座位上。她知道如果嫁给戈弗雷，自己将来就会成为瑞福洛最显贵的女人，乡绅的妻子。可她反复对自己强调不能嫁给一个品行不端的人。
她坐下时，一贯对女士彬彬有礼的牧师微笑着说：“啊，南茜小姐，您今晚真漂亮，是不是，戈弗雷？
戈弗雷没有回答，也尽量不去看南茜。他有太多的话想对她说。可这时对晚会心满意足的乡绅对自己的儿子有些不耐烦了。他认为既然儿子太害羞张不开嘴，那么自己最好亲自说了。
“是的，”乡绅大声说，“我觉得南茜比我见过的任何姑娘都要漂亮。” 桌上所有的人都在一边用餐一边饶有兴趣地听着乡绅的话。“大概戈弗雷还是会娶南茜！”牧师的太太小声对奥斯古德太太说。拉默特先生在桌子对面笔直地坐着，看着女儿。这是一位严肃谨慎的绅士，他认为拉默特家比凯斯家还要好。他早就决定在戈弗雷痛改前非之前不会把南茜嫁给戈弗雷。
这时金布尔先生隔着桌子对南茜发出了邀请：“南茜小姐，可不可以和我跳支舞？”
“行了，金布尔，”乡绅插了进来，“让年轻人玩他们的吧！你把南茜小姐带走，我儿子戈弗雷会生气的。我想他已经邀请南茜小姐和他跳第一支舞了，是不是戈弗雷？”
戈弗雷感到很不自在，他转向南茜，尽量小声地说：“我还没有，可我希望她同意，如果还没人请她的话……”
“不，我还没接受任何人的邀请。”南茜轻声回答，脸又一红。
“那你能否和我跳第一支舞？”戈弗雷的感觉好了一点儿。她没有拒绝自己！
“可以。”南茜冷淡地回答。虽然仍然肯定自己不会嫁给他，可南茜想尽量保持礼貌。
“好呀，你是个幸运的小伙子，戈弗雷。”金布尔先生笑着说，“我想已经开始奏乐了！”
客人们一对对或三五成群地起身走到大厅里，舞会要开始了。在乡村小乐队的伴奏下，乡绅把牧师的太太领到大厅的尽头带头跳起来，接下来是戈弗雷和南茜，然后是其他客人们。
跳着舞，戈弗雷感到越来越幸福。搂着南茜，他忘掉了一切烦恼。忽然乡绅的脚重重地踩住了南茜的长裙，把衣服腰间的部分扯坏了。南茜让戈弗雷带她到一个清静的地方去整理衣服。戈弗雷把她带进了大厅旁边的一间小屋，希望他们能够有一段单独相处的时间。可南茜坐在了离他最远的椅子上，冷冷地说：“谢谢您，先生，您不必待在这儿，很抱歉让您从舞会上出来。”
(新课标)2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 2 Robots英美文化欣赏教案(含解析)新人教版选修7
Unit 2 Robots 【导读】《海底两万里》是法国科幻小说家儒勒·凡尔纳的代表作之一，是一部出色的悬念小说，叙述了法国生物学者阿龙纳斯教授在海洋深处旅行的故事。阅读下面选取的有关冒险活动的节选，认真体会他们面对海上危险的态度。 Twenty Thousand Leagues Under The Sea (excerpt) Part One Chapter Five For some while the voyage of the Abraham Lincoln was marked by no incident.But one circumstance arose that displayed Ned Land's marvelous skills and showed just how much confidence we could place in him. Off the Falkland Islands on June 30，the frigate came in contact with a fleet of American whalers，and we learned that they hadn't seen the narwhale.But one of them，the captain of the Monroe，knew that Ned Land had shipped aboard the Abraham Lincoln and asked his help in hunting a baleen whale that was in sight.Anxious to see Ned Land at work，Commander Farragut authorized him to make his way aboard the Monroe.And the Canadian had such good luck that with a right-and-left shot，he harpooned not one whale but two，striking the first straight to the heart and catching the other after a few minutes' chase! Assuredly，if the monster ever had to deal with Ned Land's harpoon，I wouldn't bet on the monster. The frigate sailed along the east coast of South America with prodigious speed.By July 3 we were at the entrance to the Strait of Magellan.But Commander Farragut was unwilling to attempt this tortuous passageway and maneuvered instead to double Cape Horn. The crew sided with him unanimously.Indeed，were we likely to encounter the narwhale in such a cramped strait？Many of our sailors swore that the monster couldn't negotiate this passageway simply because “he's too big for it！” Our course was set for the northwest，and the next day our frigate's propeller finally churned the waters of the Pacific. “Open your eyes！Open your eyes！” repea ted the sailors of the Abraham Lincoln. And they opened amazingly wide.Eyes and spyglasses (a bit dazzled，it is true，by the vista of $2，000.00) didn't remain at rest for an instant.Day and night we observed the surface of the ocean，and those with nyctalopic eyes，whose ability to
英美文化概况之英国篇
英美文化概况之英国篇 英国早期人文历史常识 （一） 英国东邻北海，西、北面对大西洋，南面是英吉利海峡（the English Channel），与法国隔海相望。 地理上，这里被称为“不列颠群岛”（British Isles），由大不列颠岛（Great Britain）和爱尔兰岛（Ireland）这两大岛屿，以及其它几百个小岛组成。 大不列颠岛上分布着英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士（England,Scotland and Wales）三个区域，而爱尔兰岛则分成北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国（Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland）两块。 政治上，大不列颠和北爱尔兰共同组成联合王国（the United Kingdom），而爱尔兰共和国则是独立于联合王国而存在的独立的国家。我们通常所说的英国，则是指联合王国。 联合王国的首都是伦敦（London）；而爱尔兰共和国的首都是都柏林（Dublin）。 大不列颠岛在政治上被划分成英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士三个区域，其中英格兰面积最大、人口最多，总的来说也最为富裕。因此很多人通常会用“英格兰人”（English）指代“不列颠人”（British），这点当然会引起苏格兰人和威尔士人（Scots and Welsh）的不满。不列颠在大约一百年前曾统治着世界上四分之一的人口和土地，其殖民地遍布全球各大洲。二战之后，随着不列颠国力衰退，各殖民地纷纷独立，不列颠帝国（the British Empire）在1931年起被英联邦所取代。
英联邦（the Commonwealth of Nations）是由英国和已经独立的前英国殖民地或附 属国组成的联合体。英国作为英联邦元首并无政治实权；各国在一定协议上相互进行政治、主要是经济方面的磋商和合作；各成员国也有权利选择退出英联邦。 （二） 英国地势西北高、东南低。其西北地区主要地形是高原；而东部和东南部则主要是低地，他们是整个欧洲平原（the Great European Plain）的组成部分。 英格兰占据了大不列颠南面的最大部分土地，那里地势平缓，多为平原、丘陵和沼泽地。特别是英格兰东部沿海地区，土地肥沃，适于耕种。 苏格兰多为山地、湖泊和岛屿，它拥有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地以及南部山陵。不列颠最高峰尼维斯峰（Ben Nevis）便座落于此，高1,343米。威尔士亦是多山地区，6%的土地被森林覆盖，大部分村庄以放牧为主。 北爱尔兰北部为多岩石、荒蛮的海岸，曲折蜿蜒。其东北部多为高地，东南部为山区，而中部则是低浅的盆地。 不列颠是个岛屿国家，四面环海，它隔着英吉利海峡与欧洲大陆遥遥相望。位处英法两国之间的英吉利海峡最窄之处被称作多佛海峡（Straits of Dover），仅有33公里宽度。1985年英国政府和法国政府决定在多佛海峡处修建海峡隧道。 总长153公里的隧道于1994年五月竣工通车，使得欧洲公路网得以连成一体，被誉为人类工程史上的一个伟业。 英国河流分布细密。塞文河（the Severn）是英国第一大河流，长338公里，它同西
英美文化差异
英美文化差异 英国人和美国人虽然说着相同的语言，却有着许多完全不同的处事态度与生活习惯。在很多生活细节上，你一眼就能区分出高冷的英国人和不拘小节的美国人。 一、语言 语言与文化的关系相当密切。著名美国翻译理论家奈达在描述语言与文 化的关系时说：“语言永远是文化的一个组成部分，任何文章所表达的意思都 直接或间接地与所属文化相关联。归根结底，离开了相关文化，词汇就失去 了意义。文化的不同自然而然意味着语言的不同……”由此可见，文化差异包 括语言差异。 英国英语和美国英语并不是两种独立的语言。众所周知，美国是由英国 在北美的殖民地摆脱英国殖民统治而独立的国家，英语也是被移民美国的英 国人带去的。在过去的几百年时间里，英国英语和美国英语都发生了很大变化，他们的发展各不相同，但是两者之间的差异并不大。这些差异体现在发音、拼写、词汇等方面。 正如每个地方有自己的方言一样，英美两国由于地理位置相距甚远，发 音规律各不相同。这也正是为什么人们把英语发音归为英音和美音两类。在 拼写上，美国英语较之英国英语更简洁，更接近发音，如color(美)/colour(英)，realize(美)/realise(英)，theater(美)/theatre(英)，prolog(美)/prologue(英)。英美语 言在词汇方面的差异体现在英国人和美国人在表达同样的意思时选词倾向不同，如flat(英) /apartment(美)，lift(英)/elevator(美)，rubber(英)/eraser(美)，postbox(英)/mailbox(美)，film(英)/movie(美)。 二、人口 英美两国同为移民国家，但人口组成各不相同。 英国是由历史上不同时期从欧洲入侵英国的不同人种组成，包括伊比利 亚人(Iberians)、凯尔特人(Celts)、古罗马人(Romans)、盎格鲁——撒克逊人(Anglo—Saxons)、北欧人(Danes)、诺曼人(Normans)。其中入侵英国的日尔曼
英美文化概论考试16年
1
Which one is wrong about the Great Depression?( )
1.0 分
?
A、
The Great Depression started with the crash of the New York stock market.
?
B、
More than 9000 banks closed down.
?
C、
It took a short time for the New York Stock to recover.
?
D、
Many people became homeless because of the Great Depression.
我的答案：C
2
About ( ) of Christians belong to Catholics.
1.0 分
?
45%
A、
?
50%
B、
?
55%
C、
?
60%
D、
我的答案：C
3
Which statement of following is wrong?( )
1.0 分
?
A、
There were many cold conflicts in the cold war, such as weapon competition and spying.
?
B、
Germany reunited in 1990.
?
C、
The USSR was dissolved in 1990.
?
D、
After the USSR dissovled, 15 new countries were created.
我的答案：C
4
The GFC Recession started in ( ).
1.0 分
?
the USA
A、
?
B、
2019-2020同步译林英语选修八新突破讲义：Unit+4+英美文化欣赏和答案
【导读】当演员是多少人孩提时期的梦想。人们通常以为演员代表的是光鲜、美丽与富有，但真的是那样吗？ 【节选】 Pictures Eight o'clock in the morning.Miss Ada Moss lay in her narrow bed，staring up at the ceiling.Her room，which was right at the top of a tall house in Bloomsbury，smelled of wet clothes and face powder and the bag of fried potatoes she had brought in for supper the night before. ‘Oh dear，’thought Miss Moss.‘I am cold.I wonder why I always wake up so cold in the mornings now.My knees and feet and my back—especially my back—are like ice.And I was always so warm in the old days.It isn't because I'm thin.I'm just as well-covered as I always was.No，it's because I don't have a good hot dinner in the evenings.’ She imagined a row of good hot dinners passing across the ceiling，each with a bottle of good strong beer. ‘I'd like to get up now，’she thought，‘and have a big sensible breakfast.’Pictures of big sensible breakfasts followed the good hot dinners across the ceiling.Miss Moss pulled the blanket up over her head and closed her eyes.Suddenly，her landlady burst into the room. ‘There's a letter for you，Miss Moss.’ ‘Oh，’said Miss Moss，in a voice which was much too friendly，‘thank you very much，Mrs Pine.It's very good of you to bring me my letters.’ ‘Oh，it's nothing，’said the landlady.‘I hope it's the letter that you've been waiting for.’ ‘Yes，’said Miss Moss brightly，‘yes，perhaps it is.I wouldn't be surprised.’ ‘Well，I'd be very surprised，’said the landlady.‘That's the truth.And can you open it right now，please？A lot of landladies wouldn't even ask—they'd just open it themselves.Things can't go on like this，Miss Moss，indeed they can't.First you tell me
高中英语Unit3Backtothepast英美文化欣赏教案(含解析)牛津译林版必修3
高中英语Unit3Backtothepast英美文化欣赏教案（含解析）牛津 译林版必修3 【导读】海伦·凯勒，美国著名的盲聋女作家、教育家。她幼时患病，两耳失聪，双目失明。她以一颗不屈不挠的心灵坦然接受生命的挑战，以惊人的毅力面对生活的困难，在黑暗中寻找着人生的光明，然后又把生命的全部奉献给残疾人慈善事业。 The Story of My Life (Excerpt) In October，1896，I entered the Cambridge School for Young Ladies，to be prepared for Radcliffe. When I was a little girl，I visited Wellesley and surprised my friends by the announcement，“Some day I shall go to college —but I shall go to Harvard！”When asked why I would not go to Wellesley，I replied that there were only girls there.The thought of going to college took root in my heart and became an earnest desire，which impelled me to enter into competition for a degree with seeing and hearing girls，in the face of the strong opposition of many true and wise friends.When I left New York the idea had become a fixed purpose；and it was decided that I should go to Cambridge.This was the nearest approach I could get to Harvard and to the fulfillment of my childish declaration. At the Cambridge School the plan was to have Miss Sullivan attend the classes with me and interpret to me the instruction given. Of course my instructors had no experience in teaching any but normal pupils, and my only means of conversing with them was reading their lips.My studies for the first year were English history, English literature，German，Latin，arithmetic，Latin composition and occasional themes. 我的生活(节选) 1896年10月，我进入剑桥女子学院学习，这也是为迈入拉德克利夫学院做准备。 当我还是个小姑娘的时候，曾去韦尔斯利参观。当时，我的宣言令我的朋友们为之一惊：“将来我也会上大学——但是要上就上哈佛大学！”于是他们问我为什么不选择韦尔斯利学院，而我却回答说那所学院里只有女生。上大学的念头在我心里扎下了根，进而变为一种坚定不移的愿望。可以说，这种愿望激励着我迈入学位争夺战的行列，而我的对手是一些耳目俱全的女孩子。当然，我也要面对身边那些现实而明智的朋友们的强烈反对。在我离开纽约
从《天生一对》看英美文化差异
[摘要] 外语电影是了解外语国家文化的重要途径和有效资源。《天生一对》以温情浪漫的喜剧方式，使观众得以鲜明直观地对比两个最重要的英语国家——美国和英国之间的文化差异。本文试图通过分析对比影片中两国语言上的差异、国民性格的差异以及人文环境的差异，来揭示背后的国家文化差异，以期使读者及观众对美语和英语有正确的认识。对两国的文化有基本的了解，从而能有效帮助解决英语学习过程中的文化障碍。 [关键词] 英国文化；美国文化；差异 一、故事梗概 该片于1998年7月上映，中译名《天生一对》，以现代手法重拍了20世纪60年代经典同名作品，故事内容改编自德国小说Das Doppelte Lottchen。故事的主人公是一对双胞胎姐妹花荷莉和安妮。她们的父母尼克和伊丽莎白在一次航海旅行中在“伊丽莎白二世”号上相遇并在旅途中结为夫妇，可后来婚姻破裂。尼克独自在自己的纳帕山谷葡萄园里抚养荷莉，而安妮则与当婚纱设计师的妈妈伊丽莎白一起生活在伦敦；直到她们在夏令营相遇以前，两人彼此都不知道自己还有一个孪生姐妹。不过11年之后，命运却巧妙地让她们在缅因州一个夏令营的活动中相遇。尽管她们的外貌惊人的相似，但是两人性格、气质、行为习惯等却大相径庭，从而引得两人冲突不断。很快她们发现原来是一对双胞胎姐妹，为了更多地了懈她们的父母，她们两人决定交换身份，来到她们各自从未谋面的父亲或母亲身边。她们本打算一直这样装下去，直到尼克宣布他要再婚，两姐妹决定帮助她们的父母破镜重圆。虽然尼克那富有魅力但却让人讨厌的未婚妻给她们的计划带来很大麻烦，但姐妹俩合力设计痛整并气走了她。最终在两个女儿的安排下，二人重拾旧爱，一家人开始了新的幸福生活。影片充满情趣，两个小姐妹交换身份闹出不少笑话，搞笑情节层出不穷，而片中也穿插着温情情绪，让观众在观看电影的时候感到温暖而又愉悦。 二、影片中的美英文化差异 由于本片两个小主人公分别生长于美国和英国，两个社会文化明显差异的家庭背景，因而片中从多个视角呈现了两种文化的差异，为片中的喜剧元素增色不少。 (一)两国文化在语言上的差异 语言既是文化的一部分，又是文化的一面镜子。一个民族的语言折射出这个民族纷繁多彩的文化形态。英语通过其漫长的发展与完善，最终形成了英式英语和美式英语两种主流形式。两者在语音和表达习惯等方面存在明显差异，这势必会给非英语为母语的学习者带来难，给中外交流造成障碍。而这些差异在影片台词中可见一斑。 1．语音差异 首先，英式英语讲究抑扬顿挫，语调变化大，且发音短促，重读音较多，给人以严肃刻板之感；而美式英语讲究发音圆润饱满，连音略音较多，则更显自然随意。以夏令营场景之一为例：当荷莉堵在安妮的宿舍门口以阻止训导员发现她对安妮等的整蛊行为时说，“I、can't let,-．,yougo,．-,in there．She一's、highly contagious．”句中只两处重读，语调平稳没有起伏，倒是有三处连读和cani(t)词尾省音。而随后安妮为了揭发荷莉说道，“、Actually，We Kre、^all、quite、fine in、here unless、荷莉Parker knows、something We、don't、know．”很明显，她的伦敦口音在一句话中多处重读，而只有一处连读且无省音，整句呈现出很强的节奏感。其次，美英两种英语在很多单词的发音习惯上有很大差异。在英国英语中，字母?r只在元音之前才发音，其余位置不发音。但在美国英语中，不管“r”在词中任何位置都要发音，听起来读音大不相同，这也就是美语中有名的卷舌音(r化音)。片中的一个重要道具——扑克牌“poker”。伦敦管家马丁拿出牌时的读音为，’pouko。而当荷莉在询问同伴是否会玩时的读音为，’p；ukzr／。片中此类 词语不胜枚举。另外，还有一些个别情况，如荷莉在问伙伴会否打牌时说“Either of you，by
高中英语 Unit 19 Language英美文化欣赏讲义 北师大版选修7
Unit 19 Language 【导读】《小王子》是法国作家安托万·德·圣·埃克苏佩里于1942年写成的著名儿童文学短篇小说。本书的主人公是来自外星球的小王子。书中以一位飞行员作为故事叙述者，讲述了小王子从自己星球出发前往地球的过程中，所经历的各种历险。作者以小王子的孩子式的眼光，透视出成人的空虚、盲目，愚妄和死板教条，用浅显天真的语言写出了人类的孤独寂寞、没有根基随风流浪的命运。同时，也表达出作者对金钱关系的批判，对真善美的讴歌。 Prince(Excerpt) It was then that the fox appeared. “Good morning，”said the fox. “Good morning，”the little prince responded politely, although when he turned around he saw nothing. “I am right here，” the voice said, “under the apple tree.” “Who are you？” asked the little prince, and added, “You are very pretty to look at.” “I am a fox，”said the fox. “Come and play with me，”proposed the little prince. “I am so unhappy.” “I cannot play with you，”the fox said. “I am not tamed.” “Ah! Please excuse me，” said the little prince. But, after some thought, he added: “What does that mean—‘tame’？” “You do not live here，” said the fox. “What is it that you are looking for？” “I am looking for men，” said the little prince. “What does that mean—‘tame’？” “Men，” said the fox. “They have guns, and they hunt. It is very disturbing. They also raise chickens. These are their only interests. Are you looking for chickens？” “No，”said the little prince. “I am looking for friends. What does that mean —‘tame’？” “It is an act too often neglected，”said the fox.“It means to establish ties.” “To establish ties？” “Just that，” said the fox. “To me, you are still nothing more than a little boy who is just like a hundred thousand other little boys. And I have no need of you. And you, on your part, have no need of me. To you, I am nothing more than a
高中英语Unit2Growingpains英美文化欣赏教案牛津译林版必修1
英美文化欣赏 [导读] 《大卫·科波菲尔》是著名作家狄更斯的代表作之一。阅读下面选取的有关成长中的烦恼的节选，对比中外文化中对成长烦恼态度的异同。 David was sent to school In Yarmouth I was put on the long-distance coach to London，and travelled all through the night.At the coach station in London，I was collected by a teacher，Mr.Mell，and taken to Salem House，the school which the Murdstones had chosen for me. The school was a large old building with a dusty playground，surrounded by a high brick wall.It looked strangely deserted.I was very surprised to find that none of the boys were there，and was told that they were all on holiday，and that I had been sent there during the holidays as a punishment for my wickedness①.The headmaster and teachers were on holiday too，all except for Mr.Mell，who had to look after me. I spent a whole month in that miserable② place，doing my lessons in the dirty，empty classroom，which smelt of old food and unwashed boys.Every evening I had to eat my supper with Mr.Mell，and then go straight to bed.The worst thing was the sign I had to wear round my neck.It said：BE CAREFUL！HE BITES.I was only allowed to take it off when I went to bed. Although I was extremely lonely and unhappy at this time，I was not looking forward to meeting all the other boys.I felt sure they would laugh at me and especially at the sign I was forced to wear.But one day Mr.Mell told me that the headmaster，Mr.Creakle，had returned，and wanted to see me.So I went，trembling③，to his part of the house. I realized at once that Mr.Creakle lived much more comfortably than the boys or the teachers.He was a small，fat man with a purple nose，who was sitting in an armchair with a bottle of wine and a glass in front of him. “So，this is the boy who bites，is it？”he asked unpleasantly.“I know your stepfather，boy.He's a man of strong character，he is.He knows me，and I know him.Do you know me？Answer me，boy！”He pulled violently④ at my ear. “Not yet，sir，”I answered，tears of pain in my eyes. “Ah，but you soon will！Oh yes，I have a strong character too，you'll see！”He banged⑤ his hand hard on the table. I was very frightened，but I made myself ask the question I had been considering for a whole month.“Please，sir，I'm very sorry for what I did to Mr.Murdstone.Could
中国与英美文化差异
中国与英美文化差异 【篇一：中国与英美文化差异】 摘要：近些年来，随着国际社会的不断进步，各国之间的经济文化 交流越来越广泛，而文化一直跟随着一个国家的发展历程，见证着 国家的兴衰存亡。纵观世界，英美文化和中国文化都具有博大精深、源远流长的特点，在不断发展的国际社会条件下，被赋予了新的内 容和含义，随着大国之间的交流越来越深入，使得各国之间文化交 流和碰撞也日益频繁。本文就目前英美文化和中国文化的发展现状，简要分析在新的社会条件下，英美文化和中国文化发展的差异所在。中国论文网 /9/view-6808314.htm 关键词：英美文化中国文化差异现状分析 中图分类号：g642 文献标识码： a 文章编号：1672-1578（2015）02-0007-02 随着我国改革开放事业的不断深入，我国经济水平和国际地位有了 很大的提升，与国际社会之间的交流和合作也越来越频繁，这就使 得我国文化承受着来自各国文化的冲击，特别是英美等西方经济发 展大国，在进行经济、文化、贸易交流时，对我国传统文化产生了 很大的影响。因此，在新的社会发展形势下，及时分析各国之间的 文化差异，对于继承和发扬我国优良传统文化有着很大的推动作用。 1 研究英美文化与中国文化之间差异的必要性 当今世界，处于国际社会中的每个国家要想得到高速的发展，就需 要保持与其他各国之间的经济、贸易等交流，而各国自身的发展历 程有着很大的区别，这就使得各国之间的文化底蕴和文化内涵有着 很大的不同，这在一定程度上阻碍了国家之间的交流与合作。因此，研究英美文化与中国文化之间的差异，对于国家之间的发展有着重 要的意义，下面就研究英美文化和中国文化之间差异的必要性做具 体分析。 1.1文化是社会意识形态的集中体现 通常来讲，文化是指人类活动的模式以及给予这些模式重要性的符 号化结构，主要包括文字、语言、文学、绘画等内容，不同地域、 不同时代的文化特点也不尽相同。文化是对人类社会长期的历史实 践过程中创造的物质财富和精神财富的集中体现，不仅是对当时社 会人类生活特点的体现，也是对一个国家长期的发展历程中文化特 色的积淀，更是对每个时期社会意识形态的重要体现。
英美文化概况试题5
山东经济学院2010--2011学年第 1学期期末试题 英美文化概况（110126）试卷（5） 注意事项：所有的答案都必须写在答题纸上，答在试卷上一律无效 Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. 2. The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. 3. In Britain, Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. 4. The Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction of Britain’s foreign policy. 5. The origin of Bowling lies in the victory celebration ceremony by the ancient warriors. 6. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be a candidate for public office. 7. The Clinton Administration made national security, economic prosperity and promotion of democracy the three pillars of the American foreign policy. 8.It takes at least fours years to get a bachelor’s degree from an institution of higher learning in the US. 9. In Britain, Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. 10. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives. 11.The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal government. 12.Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic” 13. When George W. Bush became President, his foreign policy has two prominent elements: isolationism and faith in military strength. 14. Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials. 15. There are about 60 members of the Commonwealth. 16. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers. - 1 - （共页）
英美文化概论整理
英国： 1、The official name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 2、The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain(the larger one)and Ireland,and hundreds of small ones. 3、（UK）capital:London 4、There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England,Scotland,and Wales.England is the largest,most populous and richest. 5、The British Empire（大英帝国）:one fourth of the world’s people and one fourth of the world’s land area.The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in1931.The Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. 6、The United Kingdom is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.The English Channel lies between Britain and France. 7、The highest mountain in Britain is Ben Nevis（本尼维斯山）,1,343m in Scotland.The longest river is the Severn River（塞文河）（338km）;the second largest and most important river is the Thames River（336km）. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh（内伊湖）in Northern Ireland. 8、The English are Anglo-Saxons（盎格鲁撒克逊人）,but the Scots,
2019-2020同步外研英语必修三新突破讲义：Module 4 英美文化欣赏 Word版含答案
【导读】 《双城记》是英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯所著的一部以法国大革命为背景的长篇历史小说。故事中将巴黎、伦敦两个大城市连结起来，围绕着马内特医生一家和以德法日夫妇为首的圣安东尼区展开故事。 A Tale of T w o Cities(excerpt) In Monsieur Defarge's wine-shop in Saint Antoine customers came and went all the time.They came to drink the thin，rough wine，but more often they came to listen and to talk，and to wait for news. One day there were more customers than usual.Defarge had been away for three days，and when he returned that morning，he brought a stranger with him，a man who repaired roads. “Madam，”Defarge said to his wife，“this man，who is called Jacques，has walked a long way with me.”One customer got up and went out.“This mender of roads，”continued Defarge，“who is called Jacques，is a good man.Give him something to drink.”A second man got up and went out.The man who repaired roads sat down and drank.A third man got up and went out. “Have you finished，my friend？”said Defarge.“Then come and see the room I promised you.” They went upstairs，to the room where Dr Manette had sat making shoes.The three men who had left the wine-shop were waiting.Defarge spoke to them：“No names.You are Jacques One，Jacques Two and Jacques Three.I am Jacques Four.This is Jacques Five.He brings us news of our poor friend Gaspard，whose child was killed by the Marquis's coach a year ago.” “I first saw Gaspard，”said Jacques Five，“holding on under the Marquis's coach as it drove into our village.He ran away，but that night the Marquis was murdered.Gaspard disappeared and was only caught a few weeks ago.The soldiers brought him into the village and hanged him.And they have left his body hanging in the village square，where the women go to fetch water，and our children play.”,《双城记》(节选) 在圣安东尼德法日先生的酒店里，顾客们来来往往络绎不绝。他们来这儿喝