上海市往年高考英语试卷(精校)及参考答案
2017年上海高考英语真题试卷_上海市2017高考英语试卷及参考答案第二部分：阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AAttending college can be expensive, and applying to college can be costly as well. With today’s college application fees averaging around $ 80, you can expect to spend hundreds of dollars on college before you are even accepted into a school.One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. To save money, try to limit the schools to which you apply to about 2-3 reach schools and 2-3 safety schools.At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. If you are applying to a school where one of your parents or grandparents is a former graduate, check to see if you’re qualified for it.Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Some schools offer free online applications, yet charge a fee for papersubmissions. This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Be sure to contact the schools to I j which you are applying to see if they participate in College Application Week and when the program takes place in that state.Apply for early admission. If you have already decided on which college is your top choice, consider applying under an Early Action or Early Decision admission program. If you are accepted, you won’t have to submit application fees to other schools.For more information regarding college applications and the fees associated with them, contact your high I school advisor or the admissions department at your school(s) of interest.21. The passage is mainly written to______.A. introduce famous universities in the United StalesB. show some practical ways to apply an ideal collegeC. advertise for successful applications and advisorsD. offer tips to save money on college application fees22. What does the author advise to do in the second paragraph?A. Write down your favorite universities.B. Reduce the number of your university choices.C. Apply to two universities each time.D. Mind your safety when applying to college.23. Some schools offer free online application to______,A. receive fees faster than beforeB. employ someone else to workC. cut down the cost of employmentD. enter the application information24. It can be known from the passage that______,A. application fee might be canceled conditionallyB. many countries attend College Application WeekC. applying for early admission is the best policyD. admission departments determine your futureBEvery year, some 6.9 million children under the age of five die from diseases like malaria, pneumonia and HIV. The untold story of child survival is that the global community now has the combined knowledge, technical know-how and affordable tools to end such child deaths. Evidence shows that it is possible to decrease under-five death rates in developing countries to levels approaching those in wealthier countries. That is why 4 years ago —June, 2012 —the US, Ethiopia and India joined the United Nations Children’s Fund (or UNICEF) to launch Child Survival Call to Action, a global effort to save children’s lives. Thegoal was to lower child death rates in the hardest-hit countries to 20 deaths per 1,000 live births by the year 2035.Zambia started a plan focused on nutrition and immunization (免疫)that will save more than 26,000 children each year. Congo is distributing pre-packaged supplies to prevent and treat the most common killers. They hope to save the lives of half a million children by 2017. Similar efforts are taking place in Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Yemen, and elsewhere. Child Survival partner companies are also developing life-saving vaccines (疫苗) and treatment for diarrhea. Private enterprisers and medical professionals are training and equipping health workers in 54 countries with life-saving tools. Still others are developing and delivering safe water treatment and storage products.“This high-level forum inspired a global movement —Committing to Child Survival: A Promise Renewed,”wrote UNICEF Executive Director Anthony Lake. “Four years passing, it continues to build and, today, 174 countries and over 400 civil society and faith-based organizations have taken up the charge in their own commitments.While we still have a long way to go, the first 4 years have seen impressive gains.”25. The underlined word “those”in Paragraph 1 refers to______.A. 6. 9 million under-five childrenB. affordable tools to end childdeathC. deaths in the developing countriesD. death rates of children under five26. Child Survival Call To Action was founded to______.A. improve the living conditions for poor childrenB. decrease under-five death rates in some countriesC. raise some money to save children’s livesD. save children in the poorest countries27. What can be inferred from the passage?A. All diseases can be prevented or treated.B. Governments and partners joined the initial effort.C. Nutrition holds the key to lower the death rates.D. Only governments made their best to reduce the deaths.28. How does Anthony Lake feel towards Child Survival Call to Action?A. Time-consuming.B. Wasteful.C. Positive.D. Cold.CHow you feel and react to your environment on a day-to-day basis can be measured by your behavior, thoughts, and emotions. Your personality gives you away!There are four fundamental characteristics of personality. First, it is constant and people tend to behave in the same way when they meet similar situations. Second, personality not only influences actions, but it also actually causes people to behave in specific ways. Third, personalityis influenced by both psychological and biological factors. Finally, personality is expressed not only in behaviors, but through emotions, thoughts, social behavior, and close relationships.How the world distinguishes you is a direct reflection of and reaction to how you present yourself to them. Race, age, and sex are qualities you have no control over, but certainly contribute to your personalitybecause of how the world senses you based on them. A person who continuously experiences racial discrimination may guard himself against it by at first seeming cold and unfriendly. But once he opens up, you may discover someone completely different inside.Physical ones, which you develop over time, also contribute to your personality, and include walking pace, eye contact, and facial expressions. How you want the world to see you influences how you present yourselfto others. Characteristics such as altitude, response and general mindset create the surface of your one-of-a-kind personality.If you’re like many people, the aspects of your personality you choose to show might depend on the people you meet. For instance, the personality you exhibit around your boss is probably a lot different from the personality you show to your closest friends. All of these elements make up the “you”that only you truly know. And only you can decide when to share these parts of your personality with other colleagues.29. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Some aspects of personality.B. Ways to develop personality.C. What contributes to personality.D. Why personality is important.30. It can be known from Paragraph 2 that______.A. one’s personality is merely determined by birthB. personality consists of behavior, thoughts and relationshipsC. personality has nothing to do with one’s career lifeD. the environment and the situation influence one’s personality31. The intended readers for the passage are probably______.A. receptionistsB. studentsC. office clerksD. police officersDFor many. Daylight Saving Time (DST: 夏令时) simply means remembering to change the clocks and twisting your sleep schedule. “Even though the time change is only an hour, it is something that causes much more destruction than people believe,”said Dr. John Sharp, a psychologist and psychiatrist at Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. “It’s not just an extra hour of sleep; it’s more of a fast-forward into winter.”With days getting darker earlier, Sharp suggests making a to-do list for activities after work ahead of time. “Any plans you have, say, going to the gym after work, require much more effort and determination. It’s much better to plan more carefully and not just rely on how you feel, especially when it is dark out,”he said. “Figure it out in advance andstick with the plan.”In addition. Sharp says in the weeks after Daylight Saving, some may feel like they have a bigger appetite. “Eating more during this time is not the answer. People need to stay on an eating schedule and keep up healthy habits. ”However, Sharp said there are ways to better acclimate yourself to the time change. If you are having trouble sleeping, he suggests taking some melatonin (退黑激素) in the evening. In contrast, if you find yourself feeling sleepy. Sharp said there is nothing wrong with adding an extra caffeinated drink during your day.A word to the wise? One sure way to better adjust to the time change is to start going to bed 15 minutes earlier starting four days before Daylight Saving, adding an additional 15 minutes each night.32. Which is probably the best title for the passage?A. Are you prepared for DST?B. Why DST was introduced?C. What DST has brought to life?D. How DST has been popular?33. What does John Sharp suggest in Paragraph 2?A. Getting up earlier than before.B. Sticking to the daily routine.C. Being aware of quality sleep.D. Getting well-prepared for DST.34. The underlined word “acclimate”in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by______.A. adoptB. accelerateC. adaptD. acknowledge35. The passage is probably taken from______.A. a scientific reportB. an interviewC. a speechD. a statement第二节（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
(精校版)上海市英语卷文档版(有答案)-普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，井将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane.C. Get some stationery.D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes.C. Protect herself from being hurt.D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She isn't planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor's speech.C. It made the mayor's view clearer.D. It carried the mayor's speech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70. B. 20. C. 25. D. 75.12. A. The houses there can't be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. The cabins and facilities are shared.D. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community.C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. Those who were unmarried.15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cancer.C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Travellers' Survey SheetTravel purpose: for a(n) __17__ in LondonComments on the airport environment / facilities:Likes:__18____19__ walkwaysDislikes: __20__ shopssmall trolleysBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What is critical thinking in reading? Assessing the writer's ideas and thinking aboutthe __21__ of what the writer is saying.What is the first step in reading an academic text critically? Finding out the argument and the writer's main line of __22__.What may serve as the evidence? __23__ , survey results, examples, etcWhat is the key to critical thinking? To read actively and __24__II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25) ______ I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believed that (27) ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulders. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had said that (29) ______ ______ ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps, (30) ______ my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration.I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______ I realise that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine（自动售货机）is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in the form of the country's first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in theDerbyshire village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33) ______ electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34) ______ (equip) with security cameras and alarms, and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35) ______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said: "I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn't find a manufacturer who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36) ______. The result is what amounts to a huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term automatic shop is far (37) ______ (appropriate)."In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38) ______ (force) village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39) ______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new community stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their own volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40) ______ those villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alertB. classifyC. commitD. delicatelyE. gentleF. imposeG. labels H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K. simplyLet's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food _41_ at the supermarket. Since you really _42_ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help _43_ some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to _44_ healthier lifestyles through laws for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect-one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with _45_ hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to _46_ foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains _47_ by looking at the lights on the package. A green light _48_ that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be _49_; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in _50_. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple _51_.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we _52_ do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out-and why; how to deal with difficult _53_ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural _54_，of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really _55_ issues.Dunbar _56_ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote theexchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—_57_, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the _58_ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or _59_ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar _60_ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the _61_ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to _62_ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be _63_ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more _64_ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one _65_ contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A).Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Natureagree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie withtheir bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they doagree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly tofool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. Forexample, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order toprotect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the ploverleads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing.The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it isnatural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by___________.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means_______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?（B）Let's say you want to hit thegym more regularly this year.How do you make thathappen? Consider putting thehabit loop to use.Here's how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First,there's a cue, something thattells your brain to operateautomatically. Then there's aroutine. And finally, a reward,which helps your brain learn todesire the behavior. It's whatyou can use to create-orbreak-habits of your own.Here's how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving yourrunning shoes by the door, thenpick. a reward-say, a piece ofchocolate when you get homefrom the gym. That way, thecue and the reward becomeinterconnected. Finally, whenyou see the shoes, your brainwill start longing for the reward,which will make it easier towork out day after day. Thebest part? In a couple of weeks,you won't need the chocolate atall. Your brain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?70. Which of the following best fits in the box with a “?” in THE HABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. "This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or an English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."74. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to_________.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that____________.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a darkskinned digital character, __________.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that_________.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you’re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________.81. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making profits.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
上海市高考英语真题（附答案）_历年历届试题
上海市高考英语真题（附答案）_历年历届试题2001年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试题第一卷（共110分）I. Listening comprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in you r paper, and decide which one is the best answer t o the question you have heard.1. A. In a library B. In a theatre C. In a cinema D. In a classroom2. A. 40 B. 30 C. 20 D. 103. A. take a long walk B. Take a good restC. Read a long storyD. Catch up with her work4. A. The woman B. The man C. The woman’s mother D. The baker5. A. Doctor and nurse B. Cashier and customer C. Dentist and patientD. Conductor and passenger6. A. 8:45 B. 9:00 C. 9:15 D. 9:307. A. A best writer B. A recent book C. A good sailor D. A new record8. A. He’s a carpenter B. He’s a doctor C. He’s an electricianD. He’s an editor9. A. Borrow a book B. Write a book C. Translate a bookD. Buy a book10.A. She’s not sure what’s happened to Geor ge.B. She doesn’t want to talk to George.C. George is always late for meetings.D. It’s difficult to understand George’s behavior.Part B Longer conversationsDirections: In Part B you will heat two longer conversations. After each conversation, you will be asked two questions. The conversations will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 and 12 are based on the following conversation.11.A. The food in the West Lake is too expensive.B. Their own food will be cleaner.C. She wants more choices of food.D. They can have what they like.12.A. The scenery is more beautiful B. The place is nearerC. The transportation is freeD. The fields are betterQuestions 13 and 14 are based on the following conversation13. A. Mental problem B. Final examinationsC. Studrnt6s’ friendshipD. Time agreement14.A. He has never heard of them B. He doesn’t have the phone numberC. He can’t aff ord the timeD. He can’t afford the servicePart C PassagesDirections: In Part C, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage.15. A. A special medical treatment B. a driving license withouta bad recordC. an experience as a conductorD. five weeks’ driving at a training school16. A. She was strong enough to become a bus driverB. The men drivers are kind to her.C. She was able to see more clearly on a busD. She passed the test the first time she took it.17. A. Worthwhile B. Boring C. Dangerous D. Poorly paidQuestions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage.18. A. Its variety B. It s quality C. its price D. Its taste19. A. Inside the restaurant B. Outside the restaurantC. On the menuD. Not mentioned20. A. Coffee B. Beer C. Coke D. WineII Grammar (20 points)Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21. A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in _____ leg.A. aB. oneC. theD. his22. Both teams were in hard training; ____ was willing to lose the game.A. eitherB. neitherC. anotherD. the other23. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ of desert_____ covered the land.A. number…. hasB. quantity…. hasC. number….h aveD. quantity….have24. The sunlight came in _____ the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.A. throughB. acrossC. onD. over25. _____, I have never seen anyone who is as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveledB. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveledD. As I have traveled so much26. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go ,________.A. our holiday will be betterB. our holiday will be the betterC. the better our holiday will beD. the better will our holiday be27. So difficult ______ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn Englishwell.A.I have feltB. have I feltC. I did feelD. did I feel28. Feeling the car stolen, _____________________.A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searched thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help29. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _____ everything.A. to tellB. to be toldC. to be tellingD. to have been told30. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, _______?A. do IB. don’t IC. will theyD. won’t they31. I really appreciate _____ to talk with you on this nice island.A.to have had timeB. having timeC. to have timeD. to having time32. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be wateredif they _____________>A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would surviveD. will survive33. In fact, _____ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A. thisB. thatC. thereD. it34. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.A. mightB. needC. shouldD. would35. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted intouniversities.A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as36. As I know, there is ____ car in this neighborhood.A.no suchB. no aC. not suchD. no such a37. He’s got himself into a serious situation _______ he islikely to lose control over the plane.A.whereB. whichC. whileD. why38. The bell _____ the end of the period rang, ______ our heated discussion.A. indicating….interruptingB. indicated….interruptingC. indicating….interruptedD. indicated….interrupted39. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and __________________.A.he’d like to collect coins as wellB. he feel like collecting coins, tooC. to collect coins is also his hobbyD. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure40. What would have happened______, as far as the river bank?A. Bob had walked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked fartherD. if Bob walked fartherIII. Vocabulary (10 points )Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.41. Alice trusts you, only you can ___her to give up the foolish idea.A.suggestB. attractC. temptD. persuade42. Her brother ____ to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order.A.declaredB. threatenedC. warnedD. exclaimed43. In the botanic garden we can find a(n) _____ of plants that rang from tall trees to small trees.A.speciesB. groupC. amountD. variety44. When climbing the hill John was knocked unconscious by an ________ rolling stone.A.untouchedB. unexpectedC. unfamiliarD. unbelievable45. Her son, to whom she was so ______, went abroad ten years ago.A. lovedB. caredC. devotedD. affected46. I don’t think Peter is too young to ta ke care of the pet dog _________.A.correctlyB. properlyC. exactlyD. actively47. According to the new research gardening is a more ____ exercise for older women thanjogging or swimming.A. mentalB. physicalC. effectiveD. efficient48. ---- Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree ?---- No, it’s out of ________ .A. rangeB. reachC. controlD. distance49. The lift of London is made up of many different _________.A. elementsB. sectionsC. materialsD. realities50. I’m planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it ____ theweather.A. links withB. depends onC. connects toD. decides onIV. Cloze Test (20 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.AThe 28-year-old had spent six years working night while she gained her university degree during the day. When she finally graduated she had her eye on a teaching (51) at a nearby primary school. With the help of her friends, she had an interview with the Head.“ I noticed a tiny hole in one of my stockings earlier,” she(52). “ I thought about changing them, but I knew I’d be late ifI did. And by the time II got to the interview, (53) enormous. I walk ed in apologizing for not (54).” The would-be teacher didn’t get the job. In fact one of her friends told her that the (55) only comment was: “ If someone doesn’t take the time to present her best (56) at an interview, what kind of (57) is she going to be ?”First impressions are (58) ones. In other words, if you’ve viewed positively within the critical(关键的)first four minutes, the person you’ve met will (59) assume everything you do is positive. Leave the interview a bad impression, and often he will assume you have a lot of other unsatisfactory characters. Worse, he or she may not take the time to give you a second(60). Most employers believe that those who look as if they care about themselves will caremore about their jobs.51. A. profession B. position C. career D. occupation52. A. repeats B. reminds C. recalls D. responds53. A. I was B. he was C. it was D. they were54. A. looking at all B. looking at him C. looking round D. looking my best55. A. Head’s B. student’s C. friend’s D. would-be teacher’s56. A. figure B. image C. aspect D. shape57. A. person B. worker C. graduate D. teacher58. A. lasting B. remaining C. continuing D. persisting59.A. rarely B. occasionally C. probably D. certainly60. A. job B. thought C. chance D. questionBMany people find that regular physical activity gives them an unexpected benefit. They sleep better and wake up feeling more (61), in part due to increased amounts of deep sleep.Deep sleep may play a role in the body restoring(恢复) itself (62) , as opposed to REM( rapid eye movement) or dreaming sleep. Researchers have found that physical exercise , especially (63) in the afternoon or early evening , produces more (64) early in the night.(65) can also help you get a better night’s s leep in a number of indirect ways. The relaxation and tiredness (66) by exercise can improve sleep.Exercise encourages weight loss and also may (67) depression. Exercising later in the day can also help delay the (68) drop in your body’s temperature. The (69) of exercise are especially important for older people,(70) exercise has been shown to increase the amount of sleep senior adults get in a night and reduce the time it takes to fall asleep. But be sure you finish exercising at least 4 hours before bedtime--- working out later than that could leave you too excited to fall asleep easily.61. A. conscious B. peaceful C. effective D. refreshed62. A. physically B. mentally C. emotionally D. regularly63. A. made B. done C. functioned D. conducted64. A. nig ht’s sleep B. dreaming sleep C. deep sl eep D. REM65. A. Exercise B. Dreams C. researchers D. Doctors66.A. recovered B. strengthened C. caused D. reduced67.A. increase B. relieve C. release D. arouse68. A. nighttime B. daytime C. dinnertime D. lifetime69.A. disadvantages B. benefits C .ways D .plays70. A. yet B. if C. when D. sinceV. Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, b, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AOne eveni ng after dinner,. Mr and Mrs Tisich called a family meeting. “ We’ve had to make a difficult decision, “ Mr Tisich announced. “You see, you mother has been offered a post as codirector of a television station in Chicago. Unfortunately, the station is not here. After thinking long and hard about it, we’ve concluded that the right decision is to move to Chicago.”Marc looked shocked, while his sister Rached breathlessly started asking when they’d be moving. “It’s surprising, but exciting!” She said Marc simply said, “We can’t go --- I can’t leave all my friends. I’d rather stay here and live with Tommy Lyons!”The Tisichs hoped that by the time they moved in August, Marc would grow more accustomed to the idea of leaving. However, he showed no signs of accepting the news, refusing to pack his belongings.When the morning of the move arrived, Marc was nowhere to be found. His parents called Tommy Lyons’s house, But Mrs Lyons said she hadn’t seen Marc. Mrs Tisich became increasingconcerned, while her husband felt angry with their son for behaving so irresponsibly.What they didn’t know was that Marc started walking over to Tommy’s house, with a faint idea of hiding in the Lyon’s attic(阁楼) for a few days. But something happened on the way as Marc walked past all the familiar landscape of the neighborhood; the fence that he andhis mother painted, the tree that he and his sister used to climb, the park where he and his father often took evening walks together. How much would these mean without his family, who make them special in the first place? Marc didn’t take the time to answer that question but instead hurried to his house, wondering if there were any moving cartoons (纸板箱) the right size to hold his record collection.71. The conflict in this story was caused by _________.A.Marc and Rach’s different tempersB. a quarrel between Tommy Lyons and MarcC .Marc’s disagr eement with his parents about their moveD. Mr and Mrs Tisich’s remark of Marc’s irresponsibility72. Marc and Rachel’s reactions to the move were similar in the way that they were ______>A. surprisedB. angry and upsetC. anxious for more detailsD. worried about packing73. The reason for Marc’s going home was that _______________.A. he did not want to be left behindB. he realized his family was essential to him.C. he hoped to reach an agreement with his parentsD. he hoped to be a more responsible person.74. What would most likely happen next ?A.Marc would bring his records over to the Lyons’s houseB.Mr and Mrs Tisich would call the police.C.Marc would join his family for house moving.D.Mr and Mrs Tisich would start searching for Marc.BAnswer the following questions by using the information taken from a dictionary page. (You may read the questions first) jaguar n. a type of large, yellow-colored cat with black markings found in the southwestern region of the US. and in Central and South America.jargon1.n.speech that doesn’t make sense. 2. n. an unknown language that seems strange or impossible to understand. 3. n. a language made up of two or more other languages: His jargon was a mixture of French and English. 4. n. the special vocabulary of a field or profession: Her report on computers was field with jargon.jaunt1.n.a trip taken for fun 2. v.to go on a brief pleasant trip: We jaunted to the country last Saturday .javelin 1. n. a spear most commonly used as a weapon or in hunting 2. n. a light-weight metal or wooden spear that is thrown in track-and-field contests. 3.n.the contest in which a javelin is thrown. 4. v.to strike, as with a javelinjazz 1. n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats. 2. n. popular dance music influenced by jazz 3. n. slang empty talk. 4. adj. of or like jazz: a jazz band, a jazz recordsjennet n. a small Spanish horse75. Which meaning of the word javelin is used in thesentence below?At the competition, Jack drew his arm back and threw the javelin 50 yards.A.Definition 1B. Definition 2C. Definition 3D. Definition 476. Which meaning of the word jargon is used in the sentence below?Doctors often speak in medical jargon.A.Definition 1B. definition 2C. Definition 3D. Definition 477. What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence ?Don’t give me that jazz, for I am a practical person.A. rhythmic beatsB. a type of musicC. a kind of danceD. meaningless talkCBritain’s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 110. Mr Jo hn Evans had never found the time or the money – to make the trip from his house near Swansea. But, when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital , he just could not refuse.Until yesterday he had never been far from home, except for one trip to Aberdeen. Mr Evans, who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales , al most made the journey to London once before, at the turn of th e century. “There was a trip to the WhiteCity but it was ten shillings(1 shilling =1/20 pound) return from Swansea –too much I thought. All my money went to the family then, “ he said.During the next two days Mr Evans will be taken on a whistle – stop tour of London to see the sights. Top of his list is a visit to the Houses of Parliament(国会).The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided to move him about if he gets tired. “ I don’t like the chair business –people will so think I a m getting old,” he said.His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized – no alcohol, no cigarette and no angry. Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son, Amwel , he quipped,“ I’m glad to see they’ve given me a return ticket. “78. It was reported that Mr Evans’s healthy long life was toa certain extent due to his _________.A.wine drinkingB. proper smokingC. mild temperD. sense of humor79. Which of the following statements is true?A. A single trip from Mr Evans’s house to the White City used to be ten shillings.B.The first place for Mr Evans to visit is the Houses of Parliament.C.He appreciated people’s arrangement of a wheelchair during his visitD.Mr Evans once made the journey to London at the end of the century.80. The word “quip” in the last sentence most probably means________.A. to make a witty remarkB. to express a happy messageC. to make a wishD. to tell a joke81. What might be the best title for this passage?A. 110-year-old T ouristB. Secret for Long and Healthy LifeC. Free Return TicketD. Sightseeing in LondonDWhen we walk through the city, we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only to those that are important to us. we don’t stop, we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead, and in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.We make use of stereotypes(刻板的模式) as convenient ways to make quick judgements about situations and people around us. They may not always be accurate, and they can often be dangerous wrong, but they are used regularly.The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience. By using limited clues to provide us with a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit out communication. We may decide not to go to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.In the city, styles of dress are particularly important with regard to self-presentation. Different groups often use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can be easily recognized. It is becoming increasingly common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes , and this labeling makes it easyto send out information about fashion and price instantly, and lets others tell at a distance whether an individual has similar tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.In England, where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions(区分), clothes hairstyles, people’s pronunciation and the number of s peaking are all clues to our social group class distinction tend to be relatively fixed, although in the city where greater variety is permitted, they are more likely to be secondary determining factors of friendship and association.82. People walking in cities ignore the surroundings because _________.A. they do not wish to talk to other peopleB. everyone else is expressionlessC. the environment is already familiar to themD. there is too much information to take in83.According to the passage, the main disadvantage of using stereotypes is that they_________.A.are likely to lead us into dangerous situationB.may make us miss some pleasant experienceC.can rarely be relied onD. make us mentally lazy84. From the passage m\we may conclude that _____________.A.stereotypes can help to understand people fully.B.people are becoming more interested in fashionC.dressing can send messages about individualsD.stereotypes can do more harm than good to people85. It would appear that in England, a person’s cla ss _______________.A.might be less important in making friends in a cityB.is mainly determined by his pronunciationC.plays less of a role than it did in the past.D.is something that can be changed easily2001年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试题第二卷（共40分）I Translation (15 points)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样强大。
(word完整版)上海高考英语试卷及完整一二卷答案(word版)
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第1卷（共105分）I . Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations andthe questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to thequestion you have heard.1. A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. D. At an airport.2. A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried. D. Satisfied3. A. Doctor and patient.B. Shop owner and customer.C. Secretary and boss.D. Receptionist and guest.4. A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert.C. Sandy shouldn't have given that much.D. Dave must be mad with the money5. A. She lives close to the man.B. She changes her mind at last.C. She will turn to her manager.D. She declines the man's offer.6．A.2 B.3． C.4．D．57. A. Both of them drink too much coffee.B. The woman doesn't like coffee at all.C. They help each other stop drinking coffee.D. The man is uninterested in the woman's story8. A. He doesn't mind helping the woman.B. He hesitates whether to help or not.C. He'll help if the woman doesn't mindD. He can't help move the cupboard.9. A. He's planning to find a new job.B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess.C. He's too busy to clean his houseD. He has already cleaned his new house,10. A. She doesn't agree with the man.B. She is good at finding a place to stay.C. She could hardly find the truth.D. She had no travel experience in Britain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked threequestions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will bespoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper anddecide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11. A. Use the company's equipment.B. Give orders to robotsC. Make decisions for the company.D. Act as Big Brother.12. A. Employees gain full freedom.B. Employees suspect one another.C. Employees' children are happy.D. Employees enjoy working there.13. A. Reward.B. Safety. C. Trust.D. HonestyQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14. A. Canada had a smaller population.B. Land was cheaper in Canada.C. They wanted to continue the Revolution.D. They were against Britain.15. A. They standardized Canadian English.B. They settled there after the Revolution.C. They enjoy a very high social position.D. They make up a small part of the population16. A. It is considered unique to some extent.B. It is greatly influenced by French.C. It is mainly linked to British culture.D. It dates back to the late 17th century.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will beread twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blankswith the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A.ForB.WithoutC.BeneathD.By26. Is honesty the best policy? We _ that it is when we are little.A. will teach B.teach C. are taught D. will be taught27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowedinto the sports club.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone28. The new law states that people ________ drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn't B.needn't C. won't D. mustn't29. Only with the greatest ofluck _ to escape from the rising flood waters.A. managed sheB. she managedC. did she manageD. she did manage30. —I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.—I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one.A. will have saved B. will be saving C. has saved D. saves31. When he took his gloves off, I noticed thatone had his name written inside.A. eachB. everyC. otherD. another32. I have a tight budget for the trip, so I'm not going to fly _ the airlines lower ticketprices.A. once B.if C. after D. unless 33. When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say.A.thinking of B. to think of C. thought of D. think of34. There is much truth in the idea _ kindness is usually served by frankness.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. whether35. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from _ _ you received gifts?A. whichB. themC.thatD. whom36. The club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.A. foundedB. foundingC. being foundedD. to be founded37. —Was it by cutting down staff _ _she saved the firm?—No, it was by improving work efficiency.A.when B.what C.howD.that38. —We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do?—No, _ _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which39. "Genius" is a complicated concept, _ _ many different factors.A.involved B.involvingC.toinvolveD.beinginvolved40. The map is one of the best tools a man has _ _ he goes to a new place.A. whenever B.whatever C. wherever D. howeverSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canonlyFilmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and softdrinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made 41 , the nutritioninspector said.Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told TheTimes that cinemas should help to dealwith the country's overweight 42 ."There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a 43 tous," he said. "Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs onsale."He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek44 to put calorie counts on all their menus.A trial scheme（试行方案）with 21 food companies took place last summer, and 45 are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in aproduct.A consultation(征询意见) on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is 46 to win support from cinemasand other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.Government 47 suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight.If trends are not 48 , this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by2050, putting them at 49 risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fillin each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if theywere asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble（绊脚）and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 。
上海英语高三试题及答案
上海英语高三试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。
A. 他将乘坐飞机去纽约。
B. 他将坐火车去纽约。
C. 他将开车去纽约。
D. 他将坐船去纽约。
[答案] A2. 根据所听短文，回答以下问题：Q: 短文中提到了哪些交通工具？[答案] 短文中提到了飞机、火车和汽车。
二、语法填空（共15分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，用括号中所给的词的适当形式填空。
In recent years, online education has become increasingly popular. It allows students to learn at their own pace and offers a more flexible schedule. However, some students findit difficult to stay focused for a long time. Therefore, itis important to develop good study habits.a. In recent years, online education has become _______ (popular).b. It allows students to learn at _______ (they) own pace.c. However, some students find _______ (they) difficult tostay focused for a long time.[答案]a. more popularb. theirc. it三、阅读理解（共30分）阅读下面的文章，然后回答问题。
Passage 1The benefits of exercise are well known. Regular physical activity can improve heart health, reduce stress, and boost mood. It is also a great way to meet new people and enjoy the outdoors.1. What are some of the benefits of exercise mentioned in the passage?A. Improved heart healthB. Reduced stressC. Boosted moodD. All of the above[答案] D2. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The importance of meeting new peopleB. The importance of enjoying the outdoorsC. The benefits of exerciseD. The drawbacks of exercise[答案] CPassage 2With the development of technology, more and more people are using smartphones. However, the overuse of smartphones canlead to health issues such as eye strain and poor posture.1. What is the main concern of the passage?A. The benefits of smartphonesB. The drawbacks of smartphone overuseC. The development of technologyD. The importance of good posture[答案] B2. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Smartphones are not useful.B. People should avoid using smartphones.C. The use of smartphones should be moderate.D. Technology is causing health problems.[答案] C四、完形填空（共15分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的选项中选择最佳答案。
上海高考英语试卷及答案完整精校版完整版
上海高考英语试卷及答案完整精校版集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷（已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeak ers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.T heconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconve rsationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,an ddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Impatient. B.Confused. C.Pleased. D.Regretful.2.A.Atabusstop. B.Atalaundry. C.Atthedentist’s.D.Atthechemist’s.3.A.Anactor.B.Asalesman.C.Atranslator.D.Awriter.4.A.Helosthisclassmate’shomework.B.Hecan’thelpthewomanwithhermath.C.Hebrokethewoman’scalculator.D.Hedoesn’tknowwherethe“on”butt on is.5.A.Thewomanshouldgotoanothercounter.B.Thewomangivesthemansomanychoices.C.Themandislikesthesandwichesofferedthere.D.Themanishavingtroubledecidingwhattoeat.6.A.Shehasnoideawheretofindtheman’sexamresult.B.Sheisn’tallowedtotellstudentstheirgrades.C.Dr.Whitehasn’tfinishedgradingthepapers.D.Dr.Whitedoesn’twanttobecontactedwhilehe’saway.7.A.Movetoaneatdormitory.B.Findapersontosharetheirapartment.C.Cleantheroomwiththeroommate.D.Writeanarticleabouttheirroommate.8.A.Bobwon’ttakeheradvice.B.Bobdoesn’twanttogoabroad.C.Shedoesn’tthinkBobshouldstudyoverseas.D.Shehasn’ttalkedtoBobsincehewentabroad.9.A.Thesnackbarisn’tusuallysoempty.B.Dessertisservedinthesnackbar.C.Thesnackbarisnearthelibrary.D.Snacksaren’tallowedinthelibrary.10.A.Takeherbicycletotherepairshop.B.Leaveherbicycleoutside.C.Cleanthegarageaftertherainstops.D.Checkifthegarageisdry. SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedth reequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,buttheques tionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleans wersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouh aveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Ithelpscareforcustomers’dogs.B.Youhavetobuyfoodfordogs.C.Noneofthedogsarecaged.D.ThereisadognamedPrincess.12.A.Shelikesthefoodthere.B.Sheenjoysthefunwithapet.C.Shecanhavefreecoffee.D.Shedoesn’tliketobealone.13.A.Anewkindofcafé.B.Anewbrandofcoffee.C.Anewhomeforpets.D.Anewwaytoraisepets.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Atrendthathighachieversaregivenalowersalary.B.Aviewthatlifequalityismoreimportantthanpay.C.Adreamoftheyoungforfast-pacedjobs.D.Anewtermcreatedbyhighachievers.15.A.10%B.12%C.6%D.7%16.A.Peoplearelesssatisfiedwiththeirlives.B.Thefinancialinvestmentmayincrease.C.Well-paidjobsarenoteasytofind.D.Unexpectedproblemsmayarise. SectionCDirections:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversati onswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofilli nthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyo uranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Blanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassa gescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,filline achblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordt hatbestfitseachblank.(A）Giftfromastranger Mylocalsupermarketisalwaysbusy.ThefirstparkingspaceIfoundwasconvenien t,butI’dnoticedawomaninabluecarcirclingforawhile.(25)_____Iwas inagoo dmood,Iletherhaveit.OntheedgeofthecarparkIbackedintothenextavailables pot—itwasatightfit.PrettysoonI’dmademywaythroughthesupermarketandwasbackinthefresha ir.Feelinggood,I(26)_____(empty)mypursechangeintothehandsofahomelessm anandhelpedastrugglingwomanreversepark.JustasIapproachedmycar,IsawthewomanI’dlethavemycarspotearlier.Sh ewasgivingme(27)_____oddlook—halfpuzzled,half intent(热切的).Ismiledandwishedherapleasantday.AsIsqueezedbackintomycar,Isawthes amelady(28)_____(look)inatme.“Hello,”shesaid,hesitantly.“This(29)_ ____soundcrazybutIwasonmywaytodropsomeofmymother’sthingsoffatthechar itybins.Youarejustsomuch(30)_____her.Youhelpedthosepeople,Inoticed,an dyouseemedsohappy.”Shelookedatmemeaningfullyandpassedaboxinthroughth ewindow.“Ithinkshewouldlikeyoutohaveit.”(31)_____(shock),Itookitfro mherautomatically.Shesmiledandwalkedaway.Afterapause,Iopenedthebox.Insidewasabeautifulgoldnecklacewithalar gegreypearl.Itwas(32)_____(nice)giftI’deverreceived,anditwasfromacom pletestranger.Thenecklacewasaroundmyneck,awarmreminderofhumankindness.(B)AskHelpfulHannahDearHelpfulHannah,I’vegotaproblemwithmyhusband,Sam.Heboughtasmartphoneacoupleofmon thsago,andhetookitonourrecentskivacationtoColorado.Itwasagreattripexc eptforoneproblem.Hehasaconstanturge(33)_____(check)fortextmessages;he checkshisphoneeveryfiveminutes!He’ssoaddictedtoitthathejustcan’tstandtheidea(34)_____theremaybeanimportanttext.Hecan’thelpcheckingevena tinappropriatetimeslikewhenweareeatinginarestaurantandIamtalkingtohim !Hebehaves(35)__________anysmallamountofboredomcanmakehimfeeltheneedt ocheckhisphoneevenwhenheknowsheshouldn’t.Thetemptationtosee(36)_____ iscontactinghimisjusttoogreat.WhenIaskhimtopleaseputdownthephoneandst op(37)_____(ignore)me,hesays,“Inaminute,”butstillcheckstoseeif(38)_ ____haspostedsomethingnewontheInternet.Ourlife(39)_____(interrupt).If wegosomewhereandIaskhimtoleavethephoneathome,hesuffersfromwithdrawals ymptoms.Maybethisdependencyonhissmartphonehasbecomemorethananeveryday problem.Irecentlyreadanarticleabout“nomophobia,”(40)_____isarealillness peoplecansufferfrom:thefearofbeingwithoutyourphone!IamworriedthatSamm aybesufferingfromthisillnessbecausehefeelsanxiousifhedoesn’thavehisp honewithhim,evenforashorttime.Whowouldhavethoughtthatlittledeviceslikethesecouldhavebroughtsomu chtrouble!Sickand TiredSadieSectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Each wordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.pacesbewelldesigned.Well-designedofficespaceshelpcreateacorporation’simage.Theymotivateworker s,andtheymakeanimpressiononpeoplewhovisitandmightbepotential,or41,cus tomers.Theymakebusinessesworkbetter,andtheyareapartofthecorporatecult urewelivein.Aswemoveawayfromanindustrial-basedeconomytoaknowledge-basedone,officedesignershavecomeupwith42tothetraditionalworkenvironme ntsofthepast.Thedesignindustryhasmovedawayfromafixedofficesetupandcre atedmorefl exible“strategicmanagementenvironment.”These43solutionsar emeanttosupportbetterorganizationalperformance.Asemployee hierarchies（等级制度）haveflattened,ordecreased,officedesigners’responsetothischangehasbee ntomoveopen-planareastomoredesirablelocationswithintheofficeandcreatefewerformalp rivateoffices.Theneedforincreasedflexibilityhasalsobeen44bychangesinw orkstationdesign.Officesandworkspacesoftenarenot45toagivenpersononape rmanentbasis.Becauseofchangestomethodsofworking,newdesignsallowforexp ansionormovementofdesks,storage,andequipmentwithintheworkstation.Anot herimportantdesigngoaliscommunication,whichdesignershaveimprovedbyloweringthewallsthat46workstations.Designershavealsocreatedinformalgathe ringplaces,andupgradedemployees’47toheavilytraffickedareassuchascopy andcoffeerooms.Corporateandinstitutionalofficedesignersoftenstruggletoresolveanu mberofcompetingandoften48demands,includingbudgetarylimits,employeehie rarchies,andtechnologicalinnovation （especiallyinrelationtocomputerization）.Thesedemandsmustalsobebalan cedwiththeneedtocreate interiors（内饰）thatinsomewayenhance,establish,orpromoteacompany’simageandwillenable employeesto49attheirbest.Allthese50ofofficedesignarerelated.Themostsuccessfulofficedesigns arelikeagoodmarriage---thewell-designedofficeandtheemployeesthatoccupyitareseeminglymadeforeachother. III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrase smarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecon text.Ifyoustudiedpicturesthatancientpeopleleftonrockwallsandyoutriedto determinetheirmeaning,youwouldnotdetectadeepinterestinromanceamongthe artists.51,youwouldseeplentyofanimalswithpeoplerunningafterthem.Lifef orancientpeopleseemedtocenteronhuntingandgatheringwildfoodsformeals.Inmoderntimes,whenfoodisavailableingrocerystores,findingloveismor e52topeople’slives.The53isallaroundus.Itiseasytopreparealistofmodern storieshavingtodowithlove.Anendlessnumberofbooksandmoviesqualifyaslov estoriesinpopularculture.Researchersarestudyingwhetherlove,ahighlyvaluedemotionalstate,can be54.Theyask,whatislove?Toothpastecompanieswantustothinkattractionisa llaboutcleanteeth,butcleanteethgoonlysofar.Scientistswonderhowmuchthe braingetsinvolved.Youhaveprobablyheardthatoppositesattractbutthat55at tract,too.Onethingiscertain:Thetruthaboutloveisnotyetsetinstone. FirstImpressionTohelpdeterminethe56ofattraction,researcherspaired164collegeclass matesandhadthemtalkfor3,6or10minutessotheycouldgetasenseofeachother’sindividuality.Thenstudentswereaskedto57whatkindofrelationshiptheywer elikelytobuildwiththeirpartners.Afternineweeks,theyreportedwhathappen ed.Asitturnedout,their58judgmentsoftenheldtrue.Studentsseemedto59ata nearlystagewhowouldbestfitintotheirlives.The60KnowsScientistshavealsoturnedtononhumanstoincreaseunderstandingofattra ction.Manyanimalsgiveoffpheromones—naturalchemicalsthatcanbedetectedby,andthencanproducearesponsein,othe ranimalsofthesamespecies.Pheromonescansignalthatananimaliseitherreadytofightorisfeeling61topartnerships.Incontrast,humansdonotseemtobeas62 asotheranimalsatdetectingsuchchemicals.Smell,however,doesseemtoplayap artinhumanattraction.Althoughwemaynotbeawareofchemicalslikepheromones consciously,wegiveandreceiveloadsofinformationthroughsmellineveryinte ractionwithotherpeople.FaceValueBeingfondofsomeoneseemstohaveanumberoffactors,includingseeingsome thingwefindattractive.Researchershadpeoplejudgefacesfor63.Theparticip antshad0.013secondstovieweachface,yetsomehowtheygenerallyconsideredth eimagesthesameaspeoplewhohadmoretimetostudythesamefaces.Thewaywe64att ractivenessseemstobesomewhatautomatic.Whenshownanattractivefaceandthenwordswithgoodorbadassociations,pe oplerespondedto65wordsfasterafterviewinganattractiveface.Seeingsometh ingattractiveseemstocausehappythinking.51.A.Instead? B.Therefore C.Moreover? D.Otherwise52.A.romantic? B.stressful C.central? D.beneficial53.A.priority? B.proof? C.possibility D.principle54.A.tested? B.imposed C.changed? D.created55.A.appearances? B.virtues C.similarities? D.passions56.A.illustrations B.implications C.ingredients D.intentions57.A.predict? B.investigate? C.diagnose D.recall58.A.critical? B.initial? C.random D.mature59.A.memorize? B.distinguish? C.negotiate D.question60.A.Nose B.Eye? C.Heart D.Hand61.A.open? B.alert C.resistant? D.superior62.A.disappointed? B.amazed? C.confused? D.gifted63.A.emotions B.attractiveness? C.individuality? D.signals64.A.enhance? B.possess C.maintain? D.asses65.A.familiar? B.plain? C.positive D.irritating SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysever alquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmar kedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgivenin thepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Looktomanyofhistory’sculturalsymbols,andthereyou’llfindana nce storofFrosty,thesnowmaninthemovie Frozen.Itappearedonsomeofthefirstpos tcards,starredinsomeoftheearliestsilentmovies,andwasthesubjectofacoup leoftheearliestphotos,datingallthewaybacktothe1800s.Idiscoveredevenmo reaboutoneofhumanity’searliestformsof folkartduringseveralyearsofrese archaroundtheworld.Forexample,snowmenwereaphenomenonintheMiddleAges,builtwithgreat skillandthought.Atatimeoflimitedmeansofexpression,snowwaslikefreearts uppliesdroppedfromthesky.Itwasapopularactivityforcouplestoleisurelywalkthroughtowntoviewthetemporaryworksofchillyart.Somewerecreatedbyfamo usartists,includinga19-year-oldMichelangelo,whoin1494wasappointedbytherulerofFlorence,Italy,tobui ldasnowmaninhismansion’scourtyard.TheMiracleof1511tookplaceduringsixfreezingweekscalledtheWintero fDeath.ThecityofBrusselswascoveredinsnowmen—animpressivescenethattoldstoriesoneverystreetcorner.Somewerepolitical innature,criticizingthechurchandgovernment.Somewereareflectionofpeopl e’simagination.ForthepeopleofBrussels,thiswasadefiningmomentofartist icfreedom.Atleastuntilspringarrived,bywhichtimetheyweredealingwithdam agingfloods.Ifyoufear theheydayofthesnowman haspassed,don’tworry:I’velearne dthatsomeexplosivesnowmanhistoryisstillbeingmadetoday.Everyyearsince1 818,thepeopleofZurich,Switzerland,celebratethebeginningofspringbyblow ingupasnowman.OnthethirdMondayofApril,theholidaySechsel?uteniskickedo ffwhenacottonsnowmancalledtheB?ggisstuffedwithexplosiveandparadedthro ughtownbybakersandothertradesmenwhothrowbreadtothecrowds.Theparadeend swiththeB?ggbeingplacedona40-footpileoffirewood.AfterthebellsoftheChurchofSt.Peterhaverungsixtimes ,representingthepassingofwinter,thepileislit.Whenthesnowmanexplodes,w interisconsideredofficiallyover—thequickeritisburntdown,thelongersummerissaidtobe.66.Accordingtothepassage,whydidsnowmenbecomeaphenomenonintheMiddleAge s?A.Peoplethoughtofsnowasholyartsupplies.B.Peoplelongedtoseemasterpiecesofsnow.C.Buildingsnowmenwasawayforpeopletoexpressthemselves.D.Buildingsnowmenhelpedpeopledeveloptheirskillandthought.67.“Theheydayofthesnowman”(paragraph4)meansthetimewhen___________.A.snowmenweremademainlybyartistsB.snowmenenjoyedgreatpopularityC.snowmenwerepoliticallycriticizedD.snowmencauseddamagingfloods68.InZurich,theblowingupoftheBooggsymbolizes__________________.A.thestartoftheparadeB.thecomingofalongersummerC.thepassingofthewinterD.thesuccessoftradesmen69.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutsnowmenfromthepassage?A.TheywereappreciatedinhistoryB.TheyhavelosttheirvalueC.TheywererelatedtomoviesD.Theyvaryinshapeandsize(B)ScaryBunnyTheCurseoftheWere-Rabbit(2005)isthefirstfull-lengthfeaturefilmmadebydirectorsNickParkandSteveBoxwiththeiramazing pl asticine(粘土)charactersWallaceandGromit.ItwonanOscarin2006,andifyouwatchit,you ’llunderstandwhy.It’sanabsolutelybrilliantcartooncomedy.Cheese-lovinginventorWallaceandhisbrainydogGromithavestartedacompanytoprotec tthetown’svegetablesfromhungryrabbits.However,justbeforetheannualGia ntVegetableCompetition,anenormousrabbitbeginsterrorisingthetown.Itisa ttackingallthevegetablesanddestroyingeverythinginitspath.Thecompetiti onorganizer,LadyTottington,hiresWallaceandGromittocatch themonster aliv e.Buttheywillhavetofindthewere-rabbitbeforegun-crazyhunterVictorQuartermainewhoisdesperatetokillit.Thescreenplayiswittyandfullofamusingvisualjokes.Asusual,thevoic eofPeterSallisisabsolutelyperfectfortheroleofWallace,andGromitissobea utifullybroughttolife,hecanexpressahugerangeofemotionswithoutsayingaw ord.AndbothHelenaBonham-Carter,whoplaysthepartofLadyTottington,andRalphFiennesasVictorarereal lyfunny.Tosumup,TheCurseoftheWere-Rabbit isanamazingfilmwhichissuitableforbothchildrenandadults.Ifyoulik edWallaceandGromit’spreviousadventuresandyouappreciatetheBritishsens eofhumour,you’lllovethisfilm.Don’tmissit!70.Inthefilmreview,whatisparagraphAmainlyabout?A.Theintroduc tiontotheleadingroles?B.Thewriter’sopinionofactin gC.Thewriter’scommentsonthestory?D.Thebackgroundinformation71.Accordingtothefilmreview,“themonster”(paragraphB)refersto______.A.agun-crazyhunter?B.abrainydogC.ascaryrabbit?D.agiantvegetable72.Whichofthefollowingisareasonwhythewriterrecommendsthefilm?A.It’sfullofwitandhumour.B.Itscharactersshowfeelingswithoutwords.C.ItisanadventurefilmdirectedbyPeterSallis.D.Itisabouttheharmonybetweenmanandanimals.(C)OneoftheexecutivesgatheredattheAspenInstituteforaday-longleadershipworkshopusingtheworksofShakespearewasdiscussingtheroleo fBrutusinthedeathofJuliusCaesar.“Brutuswasnotanhonorableman,”hesaid.“Hewasa traitor（叛徒）.Andhemurderedsomeoneincoldblood.”TheagreementwasthatBrutushadac tedwithcrueltywhenotheroptionswereavailabletohim.Hemadeabaddecision,t heysaid—atleastasitwaspresentedbyShakespeare—totaketheleadinmurderingJuliusCaesar.Andthoughoneoftheexecutivesackno wledgedthatBrutushadthegoodoftherepublicinmind,Caesarwasneverthelessh issuperior.“Youhavetounderstand,”theexecutivessaid,“ourpolicyistoo beythechainofcommand.”Duringthelastfewyears,businessexecutivesandbookwriterslookingfo ranewwaytoadvisecorporateAmericahavebeenexploitingShakespeare’swisdo mforprofitableends.NonemoresothanhusbandandwifeteamKennethandCarolAde lman,well-knownadviserstotheWhiteHouse,whostartedupatrainingcompanycalled“Move rsandShakespeares”.TheyareamateurShakespearescholarsandShakespearelo vers,andtheyhavecombinedtheirpassionandtheirhighlevelcontactsintoaman agementtrainingbusiness.Theyconductbetween30and40workshopsannually,fo cusingonhalfadozendifferentplays,mostlyforcorporations,butalsoforgove rnmentagencies.Theworkshopsalltakethesameform,focusingonasingleplayasakindofca sestudy,andusingindividualscenesasspecificlessons.In JuliusCaesar,fore xample,Cassius’s slyprovocation（狡诈的挑唆）ofBrutustotakeuparmsagainstCaesarwasabasisforadiscussionofmethodsofte ambuildingandgrassrootsorganising.AlthoughneitheroftheAdelmansisacademicallytrainedinliterature,t heprogrammescontainplentyofShakespearetraditionandbackground.Theirwor kshopon HenryV,forexample,includesahelpfulexplanationofHenry’swinning strategyattheBattleofAgincourt.Buttheydocometothetextwithafew biases(偏向):theirreadingof HenryV minimizeshismisuseofpower.Instead,theyemphasi zethestoryoftheyouthwhoseizesopportunityandbecomesamasterfulleader.An dattheworkshoponCaesar,Mr.AdelmanshadlittlegoodtosayaboutBrutus,sayin g“thenoblestRomanofthemall”couldn’tmakehismindupaboutthings.Manyoftheparticipantspointedtoveryspecificelementsintheplaythat theyfelttoberelated.Caesar’spride,whichledtohismurder,andBrutus’smi stakesinleadingthe?traitorsafterthemurder,theysaid,raisevitalquestion sforanyoneservinginabusiness:whenandhowdoyouresisttheboss?73.Accordingtoparagraph1,whatdidalltheexecutivesthinkofBrutus?A.Cruel.B.Superior.C.Honorable.D.Rude74.Accordingtothepassage,theAdelmanssetup“MoversandShakespeares”to_ _______.A.helpexecutivestounderstandShakespeare’splaysbetterB.giveadviceonleadershipbyanalyzingShakespeare’splaysC.providecasestudiesofShakespeare’splaysinliteratur eworkshops?D.guidegovernmentagenciestofollowthecharactersinShakespeare’sp lays.75.WhydotheAdelmansconductaworkshopon HenryVA.Tohighlighttheimportanceofcatchingopportunities.B.Toencouragemasterfulleaderstoplanstrategiestowin.C.Toillustratetheharmofprejudicesinmanagement.D.Towarnexecutivesagainstpowermisuse.76.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____.A.theAdelmans’programmeprovesbiasedastherolesofcharactersarema ximized.B.executivesfeelboredwithtoomanyspecificelementsofShakespeare’splays.C.theAdelmanswillmakemoreprofitsiftheyareprofessionalscholars.D.Shakespearehasplayedanimportantroleinthemanagementfield.77.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.A.Shakespeare’splays:ExecutivesreconsidercorporatecultureB.Shakespeare’splays:Anessentialkeytobusine sssuccessC.Shakespeare’splays:alessonforbusinessmotivationD.Shakespeare’splays:Dramatictrainingbringsdramaticresults SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompleteth estatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Youthsporthasthepotentialtoaccomplishthreeimportantobjectivesin children’sdevelopment.First,sportprogramsprovideyouthwithopportuniti estobephysicallyactive,whichcanleadtoimprovedphysicalhealth.Second,yo uth-sportprogramshavelongbeenconsideredimportanttoyouth’spsychosocialdev elopment,providingopportunitiestolearnimportantlifeskillssuchascooper ation,discipline,leadership,andself-control.Third,youthsportprogramsarecriticalforthelearningof motorskill s（运动技能）;thesemotorskillsserveasafoundationforfuturenationalsportstarsand recreationaladultsportparticipants.Whencoachersdevelopactivitiesforyo uthpracticesandwhensportorganizationsdesignyouth-sportprograms,theymustconsidertheimplicationofdeliberateplayanddelibe ratepractice.ResearchfromTelama(2006)statesthatregularparticipationindeliber ateplayordeliberatepracticeactivitiesduringchildhoodandyouth(agesnine toeighteen)increasesthelikelihoodofparticipationinsportsduringadulthoodbysixtimesforbothmalesandfemales.C?té(2002)definesdeliberateplayact ivitiesinsportasthosedesignedtomaximizeenjoyment.Theseactivitiesarere gulatedbyflexiblerulesadaptedfromstandardizedsportrulesandaresetupbyt hechildrenorbyaninvolvedadult.Childrentypicallychangerulestofindapoin twheretheirgameissimilartotheactualsportbutstillallowsforplayattheirl evel.Forexample,childrenmaychangesoccerandbasketballrulestosuittheirn eedsandenvironment(e.g.,inthestreet,onaplayingfieldorinsomeone’sback yard).Wheninvolvedindeliberateplayactivities,childrenarelessconcerned withtheoutcomeoftheirbehavior(whethertheywinorlose)thanwiththebehavio r(havingfun).Ontheotherhand,Ericsson(1993)suggeststhatthemosteffectivelearni ngoccursthroughinvolvementinhighlystructuredactivitiesdefinedasdelibe ratepractice.Deliberatepracticeactivitiesrequireeffort,producenoimmed iaterewards,andaremotivatedbythegoalofimprovingperformanceratherthant hegoalofenjoyment.Whenindividualsareinvolvedindeliberateplay,theyexpe rimentwithnewordifferentcombinationsofbehaviors,butnotnecessarilyinth emosteffectivewaytoimproveperformance.Incontrast,whenindividualsarein volvedindeliberatepractice,theyexhibitbehaviorfocusedonimprovingperfo rmancebythemosteffectivemeansavailable.Forexample,thebackhandskillsin tenniscouldbelearnedandimprovedovertimebyplayingmatchesorbycreatingfu npracticesituations.However,playerscouldmoreeffectivelyimprovetheirba ckhandperformancebypracticingdrillsthatmightbeconsideredlessenjoyable .Althoughthedrillsusedindeliberatepracticemightnotbethemostenjoyable, theymightbethemostrelevanttoimprovingperformance.(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS) 78.Besidesthelearningofmotorskills,whataretheothertwoimportantobjecti vesofyouthsport?79.Ifchildrenparticipateindeliberateplayordeliberatepracticeactivitie s,theyaremorelikelyto________________.80.Indeliberateplayactivities,whatdochildrendotomaximizeenjoyment?81.Incontrasttodeliberateplay,deliberatepracticeisaimedat____________.第II卷（共47分）I.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiv eninthebrackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
上海英语高考卷及答案完整版
上海英语高考卷及答案完整版一、听力（共30分）Section A（110）1. What will the weather be like tomorrow?A. Sunny.B. Cloudy.C. Rainy.2. How much is the shirt?A. 200 yuan.B. 250 yuan.C. 300 yuan.3. Which sport does the man like best?A. Basketball.B. Football.C. Tennis.4. What time will the meeting start?A. At 8:30.B. At 9:00.C. At 9:30.5. Why did the woman miss the train?A. She got up late.B. She forgot the time.C. She was busy.Section B（1120）6. What does the man think of the movie?A. Boring.B. Exciting.C. Disappointing.7. Where will the speakers go for dinner?A. A restaurant.B. A café.C. A fast food restaurant.8. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Doctor and patient.C. Boss and employee.9. Why is the woman late for the appointment?A. She got lost.B. She had a flat tire.C. She missed the bus.10. What is the man's hob?A. Reading.B. Painting.C. Playing the guitar.Section C（2130）1115. Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer.M: Hi, Lily, how was your vacation?W: It was great! I visited my grandparents in the countryside. The air was fresh and the scenery was beautiful.M: Did you do anything special?W: Yes, I helped my grandparents with farm work and picked a lot of fruits.M: Sounds interesting. Did you take any pictures?W: Yes, I took a lot of photos. I'll show you when we get back to school.1620. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks.The Summer Palace is one of the most famous (16) ______in Beijing. It was built in the 18th century and was once the summer resort of the emperors. The palace is surrounded a beautiful lake and is known for its elegant (17) ______ and traditional Chinese architecture. Visitors can enjoy the beautiful scenery and learn about the history of the palace.2125. Listen to the short talk and answer the questions.What is the main purpose of the talk?A. To introduce a new product.B. To teach people how to save money.C. To encourage people to donate to charity.2630. Listen to the news report and answer the questions.What happened in the city last night?A. A fire broke out in a factory.B. A bomb exploded in a shopping mall.C. A traffic accident occurred on a busy street.二、阅读理解（共40分）Section A（3135）Passage 131. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of the Internet in our lives.B. The drawbacks of the Internet.32. According to the passage, what is one of the most significant problems of the Internet?A. Cybersecurity.B. False information.C. Internet addiction.33. What is the author's attitude towards false information on the Internet?A. Indifferent.B. Concerned.C. Optimistic.Section B（3640）Passage 2The Great Wall is one of the most famous landmarks in China. It was built over two thousand years ago to protect the country from invasions. The wall stretches for more than 21,000 kilometers and is a symbol of Chinese culture and history.Every year, millions of tourists visit the Great Wall. They are amazed the wall's architectural beauty and the breathtaking views it offers. However, the large number of visitors has also caused some problems, such as environmental damage and overcrowding.To solve these problems, the Chinese government has implemented measures to protect the Great Wall and ensure a better experience for visitors. For example, they havelimited the number of visitors and improved facilities.36. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The history of the Great Wall.B. The problems caused tourists at the Great Wall.C一、听力答案Section A: 15 ACBBASection B: 610 CBCAASection C: 1115 ACBCA1620 scenic spots, gardens2125 A2630 A二、阅读理解答案Section A: 3133 BBASection B: 3640 C一、听力知识点1. 基础日常对话理解：考查学生对日常英语对话中信息捕捉的能力，如天气、价格、兴趣爱好等。
普通高等学校招生 全国统一考试英语试题 (上海卷)(含答案解析)
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（上海卷）（含答案解析）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconv ersation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonly once.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,a nddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows.Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】C.Awindowwasher.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。
从对话中可知，男士清洗办公楼的窗户。
所以选项为C，他是个窗户清洁工。
关键词句：Iwashofficebuildingwindows；toreachthewindow.2.M:Shouldwegooutoreatintonight?W:Iamtootiredtodoanycooking.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Sheisnothungry.B.Shewantstocook.C.Sheisnottired.D.Shewantstodineout.【答案】D.Shewantstodineout.【解析】这是一道推理题。
上海市高考英语试题及答案
2014-2015年上海卷英语第I卷（共103分Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblanksto makethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblan kswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegiv enword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)MystayinNewYorkAftergraduationfromuniversity,Ihadbeenunabletosecure apermanentjobinmysmalltown.SoIdecidedtoleavehomeforNewYor k,(25)______Imighthaveabetterchancetofindagoodjob.(26)___ ___(earn)somemoneytopaythedailyexpenses,Istartedworkinalo calcaféasawaiter.Ibelievedthat(27)______Iwasofferedagoodp osition,Iwouldresignatonce.Overtime,thehighcostoflivingbecamealittleburdenonmya lready(28)______(exhaust)shoulders.Ontheotherhand,mysearc hforarespectablejobhadnotmetwithmuchsuccess.AsIhadstudied literatureatuniversity,Ifounditquitedifficulttosecureasui tablejobinbigcompanies.Motherhadsaidthat(29)_____________ _____Iwantedtohaveabettercareeradvancement,Ihadtofindwork inthecity.Perhaps,(30)______mymotherhadtoldmewasdeeplyroo tedinmymind.Ijustdidasshehadexpected.SoonIhadlivedinthecityforoversixmonthsbutIstilldidno tlikeit.Apparently,Ihaddifficulty(31)______(adapt)myselft olifeinthecity,letalonefindingajobtomydelight.Afterninemo nthsoffrustration.Ieventuallydecidedtogobacktomysmalltown .NotuntilIreturned(32)______Irealisethataquiettownlifewas thebestforme.(B)Thegiantvendingmachine（自动售货机）isanewvillageshop Villagershavelongbeenusedtofacingadrivewhentheyrunou tofbasicsupplies.However,helpisnownearerathandintheformof thecountry'sfirstautomaticpush-buttonshop.Nowresidentsint heDerbyshirevillageofCliftoncanbuygroceriesaroundtheclock afterthehugevendingwasinstalledoutsideapubinthevillagethi sweek.PeterFox,whois(33)______electricalengineer,spenttwoa ndahalfyearsworkingontheproject.Themachine(34)______(equi p)withsecuritycamerasandalarms,andlookslikeaminishopwitha brickfront,agreyroofandadisplaywindow.Mr.Foxsaidhehopedhisinvention,(35)______issettobeins talledinothervillagesintheareaoverthecomingmonths,willmar kareturntoconvenienceshoppingforruralcommunities.Hesaid:"IhadthisideaafewyearsagobutIcouldn'tfindaman ufacturerwhocoulddeliverwhatIwanted,soIdiditby(36)______. Theresultiswhatamountstoahugeoutdoorvendingmachine.YetIth inkthetermautomaticshopisfar(37)______(appropriate)."Inrecentyears,thecommercialpressurefromsupermarketch ains(38)______(force)villageshopsacrossthecountrytoclose. In2010,itwasestimatedthatabout400villageshopsclosed,(39)_ _____(urge)thelocalgovernmenttogivefinancialsupporttostru gglingshopsorset-upnewcommunitystores.Hundredsofcommunitieshavesincesteppedinandopenedupth eirownvolunteer-runshops,butMr.Foxhopeshisnewinventionwil lofferasolution(40)______thosevillageswithoutalocalshop. SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinth ebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmore thanyouneed.Let'ssayyou'vedecidedyouwanttoeatmorehealthfully.How ever,youdon'thavetimetocarefullyplanmenusformealsorreadfo od_41_atthesupermarket.Sinceyoureally_42_yourselftoahealt hierlifestyle,alittlehelpwouldcomeinhandy,wouldn'tit?This iswherea"choicearchitect"canhelp_43_someoftheburdenofdoin gitallyourself.Choicearchitectsarepeoplewhoorganizethecon textsinwhichcustomersmakedecisions.Forexample,thepersonwh odecidesthelayoutofyourlocalsupermarket-includingwhichshe lfthepeanutbuttergoeson,andhowtheorangesarepiledup—isach oicearchitect.Governmentsdon'thaveto_44_healthierlifestylesthrough lawsforexample,smokingbans.Rather,ifgivenanenvironmentcre atedbyachoicearchitect-onethatencouragesustochoosewhatisb est-wewilldotherightthings.Inotherwords,therewillbedesign sthatgentlypushcustomerstowardmakinghealthierchoices,with outremovingfreedomofchoice.Thisideacombinesfreedomtochoos ewith_45_hintsfromchoicearchitects,whoaimtohelppeoplelive longer,healthier,andhappierlives.TheBritishandSwedishgovernmentshaveintroducedaso-cal led"trafficlightsystem"to_46_foodsashealthyorunhealthy.Th ismeansthatcustomerscanseeataglancehowmuchfat,sugar,andsa lteachproductcontains_47_bylookingatthelightsonthepackage .Agreenlight_48_thattheamountsofthethreenutrientsarehealt hy;yellowindicatesthatthecustomershouldbe_49_;andredmeans thatthefoodishighinatleastoneofthethreenutrientsandshould beeatenin_50_.Thecustomerisgivenimportanthealthinformatio n,butisstillfreetodecidewhattochoose.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourw ordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordor phrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Researchhasshownthattwo-thirdsofhumanconversationist akenupnotwithdiscussionoftheculturalorpoliticalproblemsof theday,notheateddebatesaboutfilmswe'vejustwatchedorbooksw e'vejustfinishedreading,butplainandsimple_51_.Languageisourgreatesttreasureasaspecies,andwhatdowe_52_do withit?Wegossip.Aboutothers'behaviourandprivatelives,such aswho'sdoingwhatwithwhom,who'sinandwho'sout-andwhy;howtod ealwithdifficult_53_situationsinvolvingchildren,lovers,an dcolleagues.Sowhyarewekeenongossiping?Arewejustnatural_54_，ofbothtimeandwords?Ordowetalkalotaboutnothinginparticular simplytoavoidfacinguptothereallyimportantissuesoflife?It' snotthecaseaccordingtoProfessorRobinDunbar.Infact,inhisla testbook,Grooming,GossipandtheEvolutionofLanguage,thepsyc hologistsaysgossipisoneofthesereally_55_issues.Dunbar_56_thetraditionalviewthatlanguagewasdeveloped bythemenattheearlystageofsocialdevelopmentinordertoorgani zetheirmanlyhuntingactivitiesmoreeffectively,oreventoprom otetheexchangeofpoeticstoriesabouttheiroriginsandthesuper natural.Insteadhesuggeststhatlanguageevolvedamongwomen.We don'tspendtwo-thirdsofourtimegossipingjustbecausewecantal k,arguesDunbar—_57_,hegoesontosay,languageevolvedspecifi callytoallowustogossip. Dunbararrivedathischeerytheorybystudyingthe_58_ofthehighe r primates（灵长类动物）likemonkeys.Bymeansofgrooming--cleaningthefurbybrushingit ,monkeysformgroupswithotherindividualsonwhomtheycanrelyfo rsupportintheeventofsomekindofconflictwithinthegroupor_59 _fromoutsideit. Aswehumanbeingsevolvefromaparticularbranchoftheprimatefam ily,Dunbar_60_thatatonetimeinourhistorywedidmuchthesame.G roupingtogethermadesensebecausethebiggerthegroup,thegreat erthe_61_itprovided;ontheotherhand,thebiggerthegroup,theg reaterthestressesoflivingclosetoothers.Groominghelpedto_6 2_thepressureandcalmeverybodydown. Butasthegroupsgotbiggerandbigger,theamountoftimespentingr oomingactivitiesalsohadtobe_63_tomaintainitseffectiveness .Clearly,amore_64_kindofgroomingwasneeded,andthuslanguage evolvedasakindof vocal（有声的）groomingwhichallowedhumanstodeveloprelationshipwithever-l argergroupsbyexchanginginformationoverawidernetworkofindi vidualsthanwouldbepossiblebyone-to-one_65_contact.51.A.claim B.description C.gossip nguage52.A.occasionally B.habitually C.independentlyD.originally53.A.social B.political C.historical D.cultural54.A.admirers B.masters ers D.wasters55.A.vitalB.sensitive C.ideal D.difficult56.A.confirms B.rejects C.outlines D.broadens57.A.forinstance B.inaddition C.onthecontraryD.asaresult58.A.motivationB.appearance C.emotion D.behaviour59.A.attackB.contact C.inspection D.assistance60.A.recalls B.denies C.concludes D.confesses 61.A.prospectB.responsibility C.leadershipD.protection62.A.measure B.show C.maintain D.ease63.A.saved B.extended C.consumed D.gainedmon B.efficient C.scientific D.thoughtful65.A.indirect B.daily C.physical D.secretSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfol lowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofth emtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfits bestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejust read.(A).Mostpeopleagreethathonestyisagoodthing.ButdoesMotherNatureagree?Animalscan'ttalk,butcantheylieinotherways?Cantheylie withtheirbodiesandbehavior?Animalexperts maynotcallitlying,buttheydoagreethatmanyanimals,frombirdstochimpanzees,behavedis honestlytofoolotheranimals.Why?Dishonest yoftenhelpsthemsurvive.Manykindsofbirdsareverysuccessfulatfoolingotheranima ls.Forexample,abirdcalledtheploversometimespretendstobehu rtinordertoprotectitsyoung.Whena predator（猎食动物）getsclosetoitsnest,theploverleadsthepredatorawayfromthene st.How?Itpretendstohaveabrokenwing.Thepredatorfollowsthe" hurt"adult,leavingthebabybirdssafeinthenest.Anotherkindofbird,thescrubjay,buriesitsfoodsoitalway shassomethingtoeat.Scrubjaysarealsothieves.Theywatchwhere othersburytheirfoodandstealit.Butcleverscrubjaysseemtokno wwhenathiefiswatchingthem.Sotheygobacklater,unburythefood ,andburyitagainsomewhereelse.Birdscalledcuckooshavefoundawaytohavebabieswithoutdo ingmuchwork.How?Theydon'tmakenests.Instead,theygetintooth erbirds'nestssecretly.Thentheylaytheireggsandflyaway.When thebabybirdscomeout,theiradoptiveparentsfeedthem.Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.Afterafight,the losingchimpwillgiveitshandtotheother.Whenthewinningchimpp utsoutitshand,too,thechimpsarefriendlyagain.Butananimalex pertoncesawalosingchimptakethewinner'shandandstartfightin gagain.Chimpsaresneakyinotherways,too.Whenchimpsfindfoodtha ttheylove,suchasbananas,itisnaturalforthemtocryout.Thenot herchimpscomerunning.Butsomecleverchimpslearntocryverysof tlywhentheyfindfood.Thatway,otherchimpsdon'thearthem,andt heydon'tneedtosharetheirfood.Aschildren,manyofuslearnthesaying"Youcan'tfoolMother Nature."Butmaybeyoucan'ttrusther,either.66.Aploverprotectsitsyoungfromapredatorby___________.A.gettingclosertoitsyoungB.drivingawaytheadultpredatorC.leavingitsyounginanothernestD.pretendingtobeinjured67.By"Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky"(paragraph5),t heauthormeans_______.A.chimpsarereadytoattackothersB.chimpsaresometimesdishonestC.chimpsarejealousofthewinnersD.chimpscanbeselfishtoo68.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Somechimpslowertheircrytokeepfoodawayfromothers.B.Thelosingchimpwonthefightbytakingthewinner'shand.C.Cuckoosfooltheiradoptiveparentsbymakingnonests.D.Somecleverscrubjaysoftenstealtheirfoodback.69.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Doanimalslie?B.DoesMotherNaturefoolanimals?C.Howdoanimalslearntolie?D.Howdoeshonestyhelpanimalssurvive?（B）Let'ssayyouwanttohitthegymmoreregularlythisyear.Howdoyoumakethathappen?Considerputtingthehabitlooptouse.Here'showitworks:Ahabitisa3-stepprocess.First,there'sacue,somethingthattellsy ourbraintooperateautomatically.Thenthere'saroutine.Andfinally,areward,whichhelpsyourbrainlearntodesirethebehavior.It'swhatyoucanusetocreate-orbreak-habitsofyourown.Here'showtoapplyit:Chooseacue,likeleavingyourrunningshoesbythedoor,thenpick.areward-say,apieceofchocolatewhenyougethomefromthegym.Thatway,t hecueandtherewardbecomeinterconnected.Finally,whenyouseetheshoes,yourbrainwillstartlongingforthereward,whichwillmakeiteasiertoworkoutdayafterday.Thebestpart?Inacoupleofweeks,youwon'tneedthechocolateatall.Yourbr ainwillcometoseetheworkoutitselfasthereward.Whichisthewholepoint,right?70.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsintheboxwitha“?”inTHEHABITLOOP?A.Pickanewcue.B.Formanewhabit.C.Chooseanewreward.D.Designanewresolution.71.AccordingtoTHEHABITLOOP,youcansticktoyourplanmosteffec tivelyby______.A.changingtheroutineB.tryingitforaweekC.adjustingyourgoalD.writingitdown72.What'sthepurposeofputtingthehabitlooptouse?A.Totestoutdifferentkindsofcues.B.Todosomethingasahabitevenwithoutrewards.C.ToworkoutthebestNewYear'sresolution.D.Tomotivateyourselfwithsatisfactoryrewards.73."ThisyearwhenIseethe HarryPotter poster,Iwillread30pages ofanEnglishnoveloranEnglishnewspaperinordertowatchTVforha lfanhour."Whatisthecueinthisresolution?A.The HarryPotter poster.B.Reading30pagesofanEnglishnovel.C.AnEnglishnewspaper.D.WatchingTVforhalfanhour.(C)Ifyoucouldbeanybodyintheworld,whowoulditbe?Yourneighbourorasuperstar?Afewpeoplehaveexperiencedwhatitmightbeliketostepintotheskinofanotherperson,thankstoanunusual virtualreality（虚拟现实）device.RikkeWahl,anactress,modelandartist,wasoneoftheparticipantsinabody swapping experimentattheBeAnotherlab,aprojectdevelopedbyagroupofartistsbasedinBarcelona.Sheswappedwithherpartner,anactor,usingamachinecalledTheMachinetoBeAnotherandtemporarilybecameaman."AsIlookeddown,Isawmywholebodyasaman,dressedinmypartner'spants,"shesaid."That'sthepictureIrememberbest."Theset-upisrelativelysimple.Bothuserswearavirtualrealityheadsetwithacameraonthetop.Thevideofromeachcameraissenttotheotherperson,sowhatyouseeistheexactviewofyourpartner.Ifshemovesherarm,youseeit.Ifyoumoveyourarm,sheseesit.Togetusedtoseeinganoth erperson'sbodywithoutactuallyhavingcontrolofit,participan tsstartbyraisingtheirarmsandlegsveryslowly,sothattheothercanfollowalong.Eventually,thiskindofslow synchronised（同步的）movementbecomescomfortable,andparticipantsreallystarttofe elasthoughtheyarelivinginanotherperson'sbody. Usingsuchtechnologypromisestoalterpeople'sbehaviourafterw ards-potentiallyforthebetter.Studieshaveshownthatvirtualr ealitycanbeeffectiveinfightingracism-the bias（偏见）thathumanshaveagainstthosewhodon'tlookorsoundlikethem.Res earchersattheUniversityofBarcelonagavepeopleaquestionnair ecalledtheImplicitAssociationTest,whichmeasuresthestrengt hofpeople'sassociationsbetween,forinstance,blackpeopleand adjectivessuchasgood,bad,athleticorawkward.Thentheyaskedt hemtocontrolthebodyofadarkskinneddigitalcharacterusingvir tualrealityglasses,beforetakingthetestagain.Thistime,thep articipants'biasscoreswerelower.Theideaisthatonceyou've"p utyourselfinanother'sshoes"you'relesslikelytothinkillofth em,becauseyourbrainhasinternalisedthefeelingofbeingthatpe rson. ThecreatorsofTheMachinetoBeAnotherhopetoachieveasimilarre sult."Attheendofbodyswapping,peoplefeellikeholdingeachoth erintheirarms,"saysArthurPointeau,aprogrammerwiththeproje ct."It'sareallynicewaytohavethiskindofexperience.Iwouldre ally,reallyrecommendittoeveryone."74.Theword"swapping"(paragraph1)isclosestinmeaningto_____ ____.A.buildingB.exchangingC.controllingD.transplanting75.WecaninferfromtheexperimentattheBeAnotherlabthat______ ______.A.ourfeelingsarerelatedtoourbodilyexperienceB.wecanlearntotakecontrolofotherpeople'sbodiesC.participantswilllivemorepassionatelyaftertheexperi mentD.TheMachinetoBeAnothercanhelppeoplechangetheirsexes76.IntheImplicitAssociationTest,beforetheparticipantsusedvirtualrealityglassestocontroladarkskinneddigitalchara cter,__________.A.theyfoughtstronglyagainstracismB.theyscoredloweronthetestforracismC.theychangedtheirbehaviourdramaticallyD.theyweremorebiasedagainstthoseunlikethem77.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_________.A.technologyhelpspeoplerealizetheirdreamsB.ourbiasescouldbeeliminatedthroughexperimentsC.virtualrealityhelpspromoteunderstandingamongpeopleD.ourpointsofviewaboutothersneedchangingconstantly SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestions orcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Moreandmorecorporationsaretakinganinterestincorporat esocialresponsibility(CSR)paniesty picallyspendabout1%ofpre-taxprofitsonworthyprojects.Butma nyfeelthatsimplywritingchequestocharitiesisnolongerenough .Insomecompanies,shareholderswanttoknowthattheirmoneyisbe ingputtogooduse,andemployeeswanttobeactivelyinvolvedingoo dworks. Moneyaloneisnottheanswerwhencompaniescomeunderattackforth eirbehavior.HencethesecondlayerofCSR,whichisabranchofrisk management.Startinginthe1980s,withenvironmentaldisasterss uchastheexplosionatBhopalandtheExxonValdezoilspill,indust ryafterindustryhassufferedblowstoitsreputation.So,companiesoftenrespondedbytryingtomanagetherisks.Theyta lktonon-governmentalorganisations(NGOs)andtogovernments,c reate codesofconduct（行为准则)anddevotethemselvestomore transparency（透明）intheiroperations.Increasingly,too.they,alongwiththeircom petitors,setcommonrulestospreadrisks. Allthisislargelydefensive,buttherearealsoopportunitiesfor thosethatgetaheadofthegame.Theemphasisonopportunityisthet hirdlayerofCSR:theideathatitcanhelptocreatevalue.Ifapproa chedinastrategicway,CSRcouldbecomepartofacompany'scompeti tiveadvantage.Thatisjustthesortofthingchiefexecutiveslike tohear.Theideaof"doingwellbydoinggood"hasbecomepopular. Nevertheless,thebusinessoftryingtobegoodisbringingdifficu ltquestionstoexecutives.CanyoumeasureCSRperformance?Shoul dyoubecoopera tingwithNGOsandyou’reyourcompetitors?Isther eanyreallycompetitiveadvantagetobehadfromagreenstrategy? Corporatesocialresponsibilityisnowseenasamainstream.Bigco mpanieswanttotelltheworldabouttheirgoodcitizenshipwiththe irdevotiontosocialresponsibilities.Donebadly,CSRisoftenju stwindow-dressingandcanbepositivelyharmful.Donewell,thoug h,itisnotsomeseparateactivitythatcompaniesdoontheside,aco rnerofcorporatelifereservedforvirtue（美德）：itisjust goodbusiness.(Note:Answerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsin NOMORETH ANTENWORDS)78.Both_________insomecompaniesfinditnolongerenoughtosimp lydonatemoneytocharities.79.Giveoneexampleofthedefensivemeasuresofriskmanagementac cordingtothepassage.80.Withtheemphasisonopportunity,thethirdlayerofCSRismeant to_________.81.Accordingtothepassage,"goodbusiness"(paragraph6)meanst hatcorporations________whilemakingprofits.第II卷（共47分）I.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usin gthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
2019年6月上海高考英语试题word精校版(含试题,答案)
全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A comprehensive study of 4,500 children conducted by the National Institutes of Health in 2018 shows that children who spent more than seven hours a day staring at screens showed evidence of premature thinning of their brain’s cortex the outer layer that processes sensory information. “We don’t know if it 21 (cause) by the screen time. We don’t know yet if it’s a bad thing. It won’t be until we follow them over time 22 we will see if there are outcomes that are associated with the differences that we’re seeing in this single snapshot,” Dr. Gaya Dowling. “What we can say is that this is 23 the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens. And it’s not just one pattern.”The problem isn’t just screens 24 , but also the way screens tempt kids (and adults) away from something far more important: physical activity. More than 23 percent of adults and 80 percent of adolescents don’t get enough physical activity, and according to a 2019 report from the World Health Organization (WHO), these patterns of activity and rest arise 25 habits we develop early in life. “What we really need to do is 26 (bring) back play for children,” says Dr. Juana Wi llumsen, a WHO specialist in childhood obesity and physical activity, in a statement about new WHO guidelines issued in April 2019. “This is about making the shift from sedentary time to playtime, while 27 (protect) sleep.” Of course, children aren’t completely to blame for their screen addiction.Sometimes, the parents 28 complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending too much time in front of one. A 2016 study 29 (conduct) by Common Sense Media found that parents spend up to nine hours a day in front of screens, mostly not for work-related reasons. While 78 percent of parents said they believed they were good screen time role models, the study found a disconnect between their behavior and their perception of their behavior. Parents need to limit screen time for themselves and especially for their kids 30 it means playing the bad guy. Our mental and physical health depends on it.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedSome Very “American” Words Come from ChineseMany of the Chinese words that are now part of English were borrowed long ago. They are most often from Cantonese (粤语) or other Chinese languages rather than Mandarin. Let’s start with them.kowtowThe English word kowtow is a verb that means to agree too easily to do what someone else wants you to do, or to obey someone with power in a way that seems 31 . It comes from the Cantonese word kau tau, which means “knock your head”. It refers to the act of kneeling and lowering one’s head as a sign of respect to 32 such as emperors, elders and leaders. In the case of emperors, the act required the person to touch their head to the ground. Britain’s Lord George Macartney refused to “kau tau” to th e Qianlong Emperor. Soon after, the English word “kowtow” was born. In 1793, Britain’s King George IIIsent Lord George Macartney and other trade ambassadors to China to 33 a trade agreement. The Chinese asked them to kowtow to the Qianlong Emperor. As the story goes, Lord Macartney refused for his 34 to do more than bend their knees. He said that was all they were required to do for their own king.It is not surprising, then, that Macartney left China without negotiating the trade agreement. After that, critics used the word kowtow when anyone was too submissive to China. Today, the usage has no connection to China, nor any specific political connection.gung-hoAnother borrowed word that came about through 35 between two nations is gung-ho. In English, the word gung-ho is an adjective that means extremely excited about doing something. The Chinese characters “gong” and “he” together mean “work together, cooperate.” The original term gongyehezuoshe means Chinese Industrial Cooperatives. The organizations were established in the 1930s by Westerners in China to promote industrial and economic development. Lt. Colonel Evans Carlson of the United States Marine Corps observed these cooperatives while he was in China. He was impressed, saying “…all the soldiers 36 themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over.” He then began using the term gung-ho in the Marine Corps to try to create the same spirit he had 37 . In 1942, he used the word as a training slogan for the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion during World War II. The men were often called the “Gung Ho Battalion.” From then, the word gung-ho spread as a slogan throughout the Marine Corps. Today, its meaning has no relation to the military.typhoonIn English, a typhoon is a very powerful and 38 storm that occurs around the China Sea and in the South Pacific. The word history of typhoon had a far less direct path to the English language than gung-ho. And not all historical accounts are the same. But, according to the Merriam-webster New Book of W ord Histories, the first typhoons reported in the English language were in India and were called “touffons” or “tufans.” The word tufan or al-tufan is Arabic and means violent storm or flood. The English came across this word in India and borrowed it as touffon. Later, when English ships encountered violent storms in the China Sea, Englishmen learned the Cantonese word tai fung, which means “great wind.” The word’s 39 to touffon is only by chance. The modern form of the word typhoon was influenced by the Cantonese but 40 to make it appear more Greek.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don’t drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates. 41 , they stick to G-rated activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books.They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into 42 . The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development, found that the percentage of adolescents in the U. S. who have a driver’s license, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous (急剧的) 43 in the past decade. The declines appeared across race, geographic, and socioeconomic lines, and in rural, urban, and suburban areas.To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the 44 have slimmed considerably. Teens have also reported a steady decline in sexual activity in recent decades, as the portion of high school students who have had sex fell from 54 percent in 1991 to 41 percent in 2015, according to Centers for Disease Control statistics. “People say, ‘Oh, it’s because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring,’ but they’re 45 the larger trend,” said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, which drew on seven large time-lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less 46 inactivities such as dating, driving or getting jobs because in today’s society, they no longer need to.According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person’s “life strategy” slows down or speeds up depending on his or her 47 , exposure to a “harsh and unpredictable” environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the 48 effect, the study said. In the first 49 , “You’d have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more 50 and fewer resources,” said Twenge, a psychology professor at San Diego State University who is the author of “iGen: Why Today’s Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy-and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood.”In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more 51 about marriage, and driving a car and working for pay would be important for “establishing mate value based on procurement of resources,” the study said. But America is shifting more toward the 52 model, and the change is apparent across the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. “Even in families whose parents didn’t have a college education... families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully 53 has really sunk in.” The 54 of “adult activities” could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurriculars as they did in the 1990s (with the exception of community service, which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smartphones and the Internet be entirely the 55 , the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available. If the delay is to make room for creative exploration and forming better social and emotional connections, it is a good thing, he said.41. A. Therefore B. Rather C. Moreover D. Besides42. A. childhood B neighborhood C. adolescents D. adulthood43. A. escapes B. ends C. decreases D. changes44. A. minorities B. majorities C. masses D. amounts45. A. taking B. avoiding C. sending D. missing46. A. interested B. envied C. relieved D. realized47. A. emotions B. surroundings C. customs D. habits48. A. wrong B. same C. opposite D. similar49. A. event B. issue C. case D. occasion50. A. trouble B. questions C. benefits D. diseases51. A. respectively B. delicately C. seriously D. considerably52. A. slower B. better C. smaller D. faster53. A. emphasized B. related C. organized D. educated54. A. implement B. postponement C. achievement D. payment55. A. cause B. impact C. fact D. resultSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.ABitcoin and other so-called cryptocurrenciest (加密货币) have been all over the news lately. Apparently, the idea of money that’s not tied to a specific bank or a specific country is appealing to many. But it’s worth remembering that the banking system that we now all live with is just that: A modern invention. Not so long ago, money was almost always created and used locally, and bartering was common. (In fact, it still is common among many online local networks, like the Buy Nothing Project.).In the past, money’s makeup varied from place to place, depending on what was considered valuable there. So while some of the world’s first coins were made from a na turally occurring hybrid of gold andsilver called electrum (金银矿), objects other than coins have served as currency, including beads, ivory, livestock, and cowrie shells. In West Africa, bracelets of bronze or copper were used as cash, especially if the transaction was associated with the slave trade there. Throughout the colonial period, tobacco was used to replace coins or paper bills in Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina, even though it was used elsewhere in the colonies and extensively throughout Europe and the U. K.Today, on an island in the Pacific, a specific type of shell still serves as currency and some people there are even hoarding (储存) it, just like Bitcoin moguls, convinced that one day, it will make them wealthy beyond imagination. On Malaita, the most-populated island that’s part of the Solomon Islands, shells are accepted at most places in exchange for goods.“How much tuna (金枪鱼) you can get for your shells depends on their color and shape,” Mary Bruno, a shop owner from the small tow n of Auki, on Malaita, told Vice. “One strip of darker shells might get you about two cans of smaller tuna, but the red ones are worth more. For the red ones, one strip might get enough tuna to feed a big family for a long time.”Just like a mint that creates coins, there’s only one place on the island where the shells, which are polished and strung together to form 3-foot-long ropes, are made. The strips of red, white, and black shells all come from Langa Langa Lagoon, where artificial islands were long-ago built by locals to escape from the island-dwelling cannibals. Once marooned (困住) out on their islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shell currency was born.Using shells for money was common throughout the Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s, but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today. And just like cryptocurencies, there are those who think the islanders are smart to invest in this type of money, which is reported to have risen in value over the last three decades. It might seem strange to hoard a bunch of processed, strung-together shells, but what is a pile of dollars? Just a specially printed piece of paper and hemp that we’ve assigned value to and probably less durable over time than those shells.56. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Money was created and was widely used in the world.B. Tobacco was used as coins or paper bills in American in the past.C. The ingredients of world’s first coins may be the co mbination of gold and silver.D. Using shells for money has been out of date in the world.57. The word “mint” in paragraph 5 is closest in the meaning to “”.A. a kind of money that can exchangeB. the leaves of a mint plant used fresh or candiedC. a place to produce and polish shellsD. a factory that produces currency58. What’s opinion of the author towards shells for money?A. Reasonable.B. Imaginary.C. Convenient.D. Inventive59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The History of BiteoinB. Shells Still MoneyC. The Currency Is of Great UseD. Some ShellsBMoving a GiantThe logistics of excavating (挖掘) and relocating a town’s century-old, living sequoia (红杉) tree. Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the city’s oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The 105-year-old sequoia tree serves as a local landmark, not only for its longevity but also because renowned naturalist and Sierra Club cofounder John Muir provided the original seedling. So, when Saint Luke’s Health System found that the 10-story-tall conifer (针叶树) stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design.The Texas-based company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move missive trees. Weighing in at more than 800,000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. “I (had)lost enough sleep over this,” says David Cox, the company’s Wester n region vice president and that was before the hospital mentioned the tree’s distinguished origin. Before the heavy lifting began, the team assessed the root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder, measuring 40 feet in diameter, around the trunk to protect all essential roots. After encapsulating the root ball in wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to adapt to its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed. Leslie Nemo1. Mark A. Merit and his team at Environmental Designinstalled underneath the root ball a platform ofseven-inch-diameter, 44-foot-long steelbars and, just belowthe rods, a first set of uninflated airbags (shown in gray). Theteam also dug a shallow ramp.2. In roughly 15 minutes, the movers inflated the airbagsto about three feet in diameter to raise the root ball to thesurface of the hole.3. By underinflating the front bags, the team allowed theplatform carrying the tree to roll up the ramp and out of thehole while staying level. A trailer hauled the tree along asteam members removed the airbags from the back of theplatform and replaced them in the front. They repeated the process until the tree arrived at the edge of its new home.4. There a second set of partially inflated bags (shown in white) waited inside the hole. Soil surrounding the sequoia in its original location was relocated as well, because trees are more likely to survive a transplant when they move with their original soil.5. Using the first set of airbags, the movers rolled the platform into the new hole.6. The bags waiting there were then inflated further to take the weight of the sequoia while the transportation bags were deflated and removed from under the tree.7. The white bags were then deflated in about half an hour to lower th e sequoia’s root ball to the bottom of its hole. The bags were removed, but the metal bars were left with the tree because they rust and degrade over a number of years.8. For the next five years the local park service will monitor and maintain the tree in its new home.60. Which of the following words can be used to replace the words underlined “stood in the way of”?A. Resisted.B. Balanced.C. Blocked.D. Promoted.61. What is the reason for the relocation of Sequoia trees?A. Because the Scooping and lifting technology should be put into use.B. Because it blocks local hospital expansion plans.C. Because it corresponds to government’s plan of Environmental Design.D. Because sequoia trees are over a hundred years old.62. How will the migrated sequoia trees be dealt with?A. They will be given new soil in the new living environment.B. Metal rods used to move sequoia trees will not be left on the trees.C. They will be kept in transport bags all the time.D. They will be managed by specialists in the next five years.CUnderstand the Economic Concept of a Budget LineThe term “budget line” has several related meanings, including a couple that are self-evident and a third that is not.The Budget Line as an Informal Consumer UnderstandingThe budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understand intuitively without a need for graphs and equations it’s the household budget, for example.Taken informally, the budget line describes the boundary of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.Given a limited amount of money, a consumer can only spend that same amount buying goods. If the consumer has X amount of money and wants to buy two goods A and B, she can only purchase goods totaling X. If the consumer needs an amount of A costing 0.75 X, she can then spend only 0.25 X, the amount remaining, on her purchase of B.This seems almost too obvious to bother writing or reading about. As it turns out, however, this same concept one that most consumers make many times each day with reflecting on it is the basis of the more formal budget line concept in economics, which is explained below.Lines in a BudgetBefore turning to the economics definition of “budget line”, consider another c oncept: the line-item budget. This is effectively a map of future expenditures, with all the constituent expenditures individually noted and quantified. There’s nothing very complicated about this: in this usage, a budget line is one of the lines in the budget, with the service or good to be purchased named and the cost quantified.The Budget Line as an Economics ConceptOne of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economic theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept outlined above a consumer’s informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy.In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation that can be applied generally.A Simple Budget Line GraphTo understand this, think of a graph where the vertical lines quantify how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal lines do the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $150 to spend. In the example below, assume that each movie costs $10 and each crime novel costs $15. The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set.If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above “0” on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books the number of books available in this example is 0.You can also graph the other extreme all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10.You’ll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0 available for movie tickets.If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you’ll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not.63. Which sentence about the budget line is NOT TRUE?A. It is a limitation of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.B. Most costumers will be confused with this concept because of its complex.C. It is the effectively a map of future expenditures.D. It can be expressed as a mathematical equation.64. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To tell us any concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation.B. To help us figure out the meaning Budget Line.C. To tell us we should budget before we buy goods.D. To give an instruction of drawing a budget Line.65. Assume that each movie costs $10 and each crime novel costs $15, you have $150. Which is RIGHT according to this passage?A. The maximum number of movies you can see is 10.B. The maximum number of crime novels you can buy is 15.C. You can buy 7 crime novels and see 5 movies.D. You can buy 7 crime novels and see 4 movies.66. What is the best title of this passage?A. Do we really know the economic concept of a budget line?B. The Budget Line as an Economics ConceptC. The Budget Line as an Informal Consumer UnderstandingD. The Complex Concept Budget LineSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. EachMagazine Articles: More Valuable Than You May ThinkParents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines. Read on to learn about the benefits that reading magazines offers to young readers and how to introduce your children to the medium.Magazine BenefitsMagazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively, breezy writing style that can inspire them to read more.The articles in magazines are generally short, which allows a child to finish reading a feature article without losing interest due to a short attention span. The writing in magazines also tends to be easy to read, especially if it is a children’s publication.By allowing your child to read magazines at an early age, you are encouraging development of a useful skill. 67 Getting into the habit of reading periodicals as a child will foster the habit of reading news articles that may continue into adulthood.68 Magazine articles challenge students to think about issues they may have never considered or cause them to rethink their world view. Information is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable. Many publications cover the same material in different writing styles that might make it easier for your child to comprehend.Magazine ActivitiesReading magazines as a family can be used to introduce each other to the various interests that each family member possesses. When your children are finished with their magazines, encourage them to pass their issue on to a sibling or other family member.Once each family member has finished reading each magazine, you can use them for art and writing projects. These projects are for family members of all ages:1. Cut out pictures to help your preschool and kindergarten children learn their alphabet, numbers, and colors.2. 69 Paste the picture at the top of a page and have them write a story about what is happeningor what the picture represents.3. Clip pictures to create a collage. Many teenagers love using their artistic talents to collage.70 The skills that students utilize and strengthen when reading magazines can be applied to higher level reading and other academic subjects. Encouraging your child to read by giving them a magazine subscription could cause them to take the leap from being a reluctant reader to a voracious page-turner.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Becoming an Attractive EmployeeThe 2008 financial crisis created an unstable job market. Fast-forward to the present, and the economy has not fully recovered. Thus, it’s of vital importan ce for job seekers to carefully strategize their approach to job application. And it’s especially important for those new to the work force. They should look at making themselves as attractive as possible to employers.For young people, information technology skills will play an increasing role in the future. As the generation to have grown up in the Information Age, they are quite confident when it comes to showing off their interests and skills in this field. This makes them a natural fit for companies seeking expertise (专业技能) in technology, marketing and networking. They should emphasize these skills when applying for jobs that require the ability to multitask.Another attractive quality is experience. It’s important that an applicant’s resume list any activities that involved teamwork and goal-driven responsibilities. Membership in a sports or social club and participation as a volunteer are good examples of this. These activities involve goal management and planning along with the ability to focus while competing on a team. When hiring committees see this, they see a candidate who is capable of working in a variety of environments.Finally, an attractive quality when job-hunting is a great attitude toward a potential job. Young job seekers are known to be overconfident because they have been praised for everything they have done. But they must realize that the employment market is about how an employee will be a good fit for a company, not the other way around.In fact, in an interview, an important question to ask is: “What would be expected of me as an employee?”In today’s tough job market, young job seekers need to provide a potential employer with good reasons to hire them.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我看到他换上徒步鞋，走向草坪。
2024上海英语高考原卷
1、Which of the following is NOT a type of verb tense commonly used in English?A. Present ContinuousB. Past Perfect ContinuousC. Future ImperfectD. Simple Present (答案：C)2、In which situation would you use the phrase "I'm afraid not"?A. When agreeing with someoneB. When politely disagreeing or decliningC. When expressing excitementD. When asking for clarification (答案：B)3、Which word best completes the sentence: "He _____ his book on the table before leaving the room."A. forgotB. leftC. missedD. remembered (答案：B)4、What is the correct preposition to use in the following sentence? "She's good _____ mathematics."A. inB. onC. atD. for (答案：C)5、Which of the following sentences uses the passive voice correctly?A. The report was written by me.B. Me was writing the report.C. The report writes by me.D. I was written the report. (答案：A)6、Choose the correct word to fill in the blank: "Can you _____ me the way to the nearest post office?"A. showB. tellC. sayD. speak (答案：B)7、Which phrase is used to express an opinion or suggestion in a polite way?A. "I think you should..."B. "You must..."C. "I order you to..."D. "You'd better not..." (答案：A)8、Which of the following is an example of a compound sentence?A. She sings beautifully.B. Although it was raining, we went out for a walk.C. He enjoys playing football.D. Please pass me the salt. (答案：B)。