八年级上英语语法归纳
人教版八年级英语上册知识点总结归纳
人教版八年级英语上册知识点总结归纳Unit1 Where did you goon vacation?【重点语法】不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
用法注意1.some 和any+可数名/不可数名。
some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。
有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。
2. 由some, any, no,every 与body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用三单。
3. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后：如：something interesting【重点短语】1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来……3. nothing...but + V.(原形)除了……之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth.11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于……16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事【词语辨析】1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照quite a few+名词复数“许多…”2. seem + 形容词看起来…... You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事I seem to have a coldIt seems + 从句似乎..…. It seems that no one believe you.seem like ... 好像，似乎….. It seems like a good idea.3. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名“到达......”arrive at +小地点（注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略，如：arrive here; get home）4. feel like sth 感觉像…feel doing sth. 想要做某事5. wonder（想知道）+疑问词（who, what, why)引导的从句。
八年级外研版英语上册语法知识点总结与归纳
八年级外研版英语上册语法知识点总结与归纳一、时态1. 一般现在时：表示经常性的动作或真理，主语为第三人称单数时，动词需加-s/-es。
2. 现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作，构成为：be + V-ing。
3. 一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作，动词需加-ed。
4. 过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，构成为：was/were + V-ing。
5. 现在完成时：表示过去发生的某个动作对现在造成的影响，构成为：have/has + V-ed。
6. 一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作，构成为：will + 动词原形。
7. 现在完成进行时：表示过去开始进行的动作一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去。
构成为：have/has been + V-ing。
二、被动语态1. 被动语态的构成为“be + 过去分词”，被动语态的主语通常是动作的承受者。
2. 被动语态的时态和语态都可以通过助动词“be”加以表示。
三、情态动词1. 情态动词共有9个：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would。
2. 情态动词用于表示说话人的态度、感情或是某种推测，通常搭配动词原形使用。
四、关系代词1. who/whom：指人，作主语用who，作宾语或补语用whom。
2. whose：指人或物，表示所有关系。
3. that：指人或物，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，引导限制性定语从句。
4. which：指物，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，引导非限制性定语从句。
五、虚拟语气1. 虚拟语气用于表示现在或将来的假设情况或与过去相反的情况。
2. “if”引导的虚拟条件句中，主句通常要使用情态动词；与过去相反的虚拟语气要使用“were”。
六、倒装句1. 完全倒装：将助动词或情态动词提到主语前，用于表示强调或出乎意料的语气。
2. 部分倒装：将助动词、情态动词、系动词等提到主语前，用于表示疑问、否定、祝愿等语气。
八年级上册英语各单元语法
一复合不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词,它们有some, any, much, many等以及由every-, some-, any-, no-加上-thing, -body, -one构成的复合不定代词;下面我们主要学习有关复合不定代词的内容;1、复合不定代词的分类指物：everything, something, anything, nothing指人：everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody everyone, someone, anyone, no one2、复合不定代词的用法1.◆some-类的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中;如：There is somebody at the door.◆any-类的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中,表示“某事；某物；某人”；也可用于肯定句或条件从句中,表示“任何东西；任何人”;如：There isn't anything in the box.Did you see anybody thereIf anybody comes here, please ask him to wait.2.复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式;如：Everybody knows he sings well.3.复合不定代词若有定语形容词或不定式修饰时,定语要放在其后;如：There's nothing new about this.I want something to eat.运用单项选择1. —Who taught Zhu Zhiwen to sing—________ He learned singing by himself.A. EverybodyB. SomebodyC. Nobody2. There is ________ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously.A. anythingB. somethingC. nothing3. I always believe that ________ is difficult if we try our best to do it.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing4. —Would you please tell me ________ in today's newspaper—Sorry, I haven't read it yet.A.something importantB. important somethingC. anything importantD. important anything5. —Is there ________ in today's newspaper—Yes. A terrible accident happened in Hubei.A. special somethingB. anything specialC. something special6. When our teacher heard of the news, he was too angry to say ________.A. everythingB. nothingC. somethingD. anything二频度副词频度副词表示事情发生的频率;常见的频度副词有always, sometimes, hardly ever, usually, often, never等;◆常见的频度副词的频率大小如图所示：◆ 频度副词的位置:频度副词通常放在实义动词之前,系动词、助动词或情态动词之后,但有些频度副词如sometimes,often等位置比较灵活,还可以放在句首或句尾;如：David usually gets home at about this time.My sister doesn't always read in the library.注意：always与not连用,表示部分否定,意为“并非总是”;若要表示全部否定,应用never;My father sometimes / often works at the weekend.Sometimes / Often my father works at the weekend.My father works at the weekend sometimes / often.◆ 当对频度副词及表示事件发生频率的短语提问时,常用how often,意为“多久一次”;如：·Bill nevergoes to the cinema. 对划线部分提问→How often does Bill go to the cinema·I wash my clothes three times a week. 对划线部分提问→How often do you wash your clothes1.The teacher hardly gives us a test._____ _____ ______ the teacher give you a test2.I never get up before five o’clock3._____ _____ do you get up before five o’clock4.Li Tao often has rice for lunch._____ _____ Li Tao often _____ for lunch5.I usually read English in the morning._____ _____ you usually ______ in the morning6.My mother goes to see my grandparents twice a month._____ _____ _____ your mother _____ to see your grandparentsⅡ.汉译英1.这个女孩总是非常高兴;_________________________________________2.埃里克Eric多久打扫一次房间_________________________________________三形容词、副词的原级和比较级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级;本单元我们主要学习形容词、副词的原级和比较级的构成及其用法;◆ 原级形容词、副词的原级即原形;1.原级可用于句型“主语+ be /行为动词+ as +形容词/副词原形+ as +比较对象.”,该句型表示两者在某一方面相同;当表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时,常用句型“主语+ be + not + as / so +形容词原形+ as +比较对象.”或“主语+ don't / doesn't / didn't +行为动词原形+ as / so +副词原形+ as +比较对象.”;如：This dress is as beautiful as that one.Tom isn't as / so tall as me.2.原级前可用very,quite,too等副词修饰;如：I'm very hungry.◆ 比较级构成一．形容词比较级的变化1. 规则变化1在形容词后直接加-er;如：tall-----taller,short------shorter等;2以不发音的字母e结尾的只需在末尾加-r;如：nice------nicer,large-------larger等;3以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,要先把y变成i,然后再加-er;如：heavy------heavier,happy------happier等;4若以重读闭音节结尾且只有一个辅音字母,先双写这个辅音字母,然后再加-er;如：fat------fatter,hot------hotter等;5多音节和部分双音节的形容词,可不是在末尾变化,而是在前面加more;如：careful-----more careful,athletic-------more athletic等;2. 不规则变化good /well------better bad /badly-------worse many /much-------more few /little------less 二．形容词比较级的用法在描述单个的某人或某物所具有的特征时,需要用形容词原级形式,当把两者进行比较时,就用比较级,常见的表示这类用法的句型有：1.“A+be+比较级+than+B”表示“A在某方面超过B”;如：This book is dearer than that one. 这本书比那本书贵2.“Which /Whose+be+比较级, A or B ”意思是“A和B,哪个更…….”;如：Which is bigger, the sun or the earth 太阳和地球,哪个更大Whose bag is heavier, yours or mine 谁的包重些,你的还是我的3.“A+be+the+比较级+of the two……”意思是“A是两者中较…….的一个;”这时前面一定要加the,表示特指;如：Lily is the taller of the twins. 莉莉是双胞胎中个子较高的那个;三．常与比较级连用的词1. 前面可以加上a little,a lot,much,even,still等程度副词作修饰语;如：She is much more careful than her brother. 她比她哥哥细心多了;2. 前面还可以加表示数量、倍数的修饰语;如：My brother is two years older than I. 我哥哥比我大两岁;This room is twice bigger than that one. 这个房间比那个房间大两倍;Ⅰ.单项选择1. Lisa was still very weak 虚弱的 when she left hospital. But after a week's rest, shefelt much ______ and went back to school.A. goodB. betterC. badD. worse2. Liu Li is ______ than the other students in my class.A. popularB. more popularC. the most popular3. This camera is too expensive. I'd like a ______ one.A. cheapB. cheaperC. cheapestD. more expensive4. Look This house is as ______ as that one.A. the most beautifulB. more beautifulC. beautiful5. Alex did the project 项目 on community service ______ better than his classmates.A. soB. veryC. tooD. muchⅡ.写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级;1.tall _______ ______2. late _______ _______2.big _______ _______ 4. early _______ _______5 relaxing _______ _______ 6. much _____ ______7. far ______ ______ 8. bad ______ ______Ⅲ.汉译英1.谁唱歌唱得更好,你还是你妹妹_________________________________________2.这件夹克衫没那件贵;_________________________________________一．用所给形容词的正确形式填空1. Who is _________ _________outgoing, Sam or Tom2. The strong young man looks very __________wild3. Is Jack _________funny than Bill4. Her illness was __________ __________serious than the doctor first thought.5. I got __________ high marks than my sister.二．单项填空1. English is ________than Japanese in China.A. popularB. popularerC. more popularD. much popular2.The two boys like sports very much. They are very ________.A. unhealthyB. athleticC. more athleticD. healthier3.Mary is _________ at English than her brother.A. betterB. bestC. goodD. well4.The boy is __________ than me, but he eats __________than me.A. younger; moreB. young ; muchC. young; manyD. more young ;more5.Lesson Ten is ___________than Lesson Nine.A. difficultB. more difficultC. difficulterD. very difficult三．改为同义句1. Tom is 10 years old. Sam is 15 years old.Sam is ________ ________ Tom.Tom is ________ ________ Sam.2.My father is taller than my mother.My mother is ________ ________ my father.3.His bag is bigger than hers.Her bag isn’t __________ _________ __________ his.四形容词、副词的最高级当三者或三者以上人或物进行比较,其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个时用最高级,最高级表示“最……”;◆构成1.形容词最高级的构成1规则变化1在形容词后直接加-est,如：tall-----tallest,short-----shortest 等;2以不发音的字母e结尾的只需在末尾加-est,如：nice-----nestest,large------largest等;3以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词,要先把y变成i,然后再加-est,如：heavy-----heaviest,happy-----happiest;4若以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写这个辅音字母,然后再加-est, 如：fat----fattest, hot-----hottest等;5多音节和部分双音节的形容词,可不是在末尾变化,而是在前面加most;如：careful -----most careful athletic------most athletic等;2不规则变化good /well-----best bad /badly -------worst many /much -------most little /few ------least2.形容词最高级的用法当需要对三者或三者以上的人事物进行比较,表示“最………”的含义时,需要用形容词的最高级;在使用最高级时应注意以下几点：1最高级通常要加定冠词,但前面有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时,则不用定冠词;如：Jim is Mike’s best friend. 吉姆是迈克最好的朋友;2常与介词in或of引导的短语连用;in后面是比较范围,of后面是比较对象;如：She is the oldest of these children. 她是这些孩子中年龄最大的;Lily is the youngest in her class. 莉莉在她班里年龄最小;3最高级前可用序数词,二者共同修饰后面的名词,其结构为：the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数;如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China . 黄河是中国的第二长的河;4最高级前可加one of ,即：one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数,表示最……..的之一;如：He is one of the smartest students in this school. 他是这所学校中最聪明的学生之一5有时被最高级修饰的名词前还可用不定冠词,但这时不含比较的意思,只是表示非常,很;如：Their performance was a greatest success. 他们的演出非常成功;一．单项填空1.I did all the work. I ‘m _________ of all.A. more tiredB. the most tiredC. tiredestD. tireder2. Yesterday was not _________than today .A. much hotB. more betterC. the hotterD. hotter3. Of the two American students, Emma is ________one. I think you can find her easily.A. tallestB. the tallerC. tallerD. the tallest4. Hainan is a very large island. It’s the second __________ island in China.A. largeB. largerC. largestD. most large5. Xi’an is one of ___________ capital _________ in China.A. older ; cityB. the older ; cityC. oldest ; citiesD. the oldest ; cities二．用所给形容词的适当形式填空1.The seats in the middle of the cinema are ________ of all. good2.Of all the boys Tom spent _________ time and made _________ mistakes错误.little , few3.Miss Li is one of __________teachers in our school.popular4.Jim is ___________ than all the other students in the class. He is _________ of all.tallⅠ. 单项选择1. Emma looked after her pet dog ________ of all her friends.A. carefulB. most carefulC. more carefullyD. the most carefully2. —The scarves 围巾 are all beautiful. I can't decide which one to choose.—Oh, look at this red one. I think it's ________.A. beautifulB. more beautifulC. the most beautifulD. less beautiful3. In North America, ________ meat eaters are bears 熊 and mountain lions. They eat smaller animals such as rabbits and mice.A. smallestB. the smallestC. largestD. the largest4. It wasn't ________ match, but at least we wonA. the most interestingB. more interestingC. interesting5. He likes Sunday ________ in a week because it is his happiest time to play football.A. betterB. wellC. bestⅡ. 写出下列形容词或副词的最高级;1. wet __________2. lucky __________3. wonderful __________4. far __________5. fine __________6. loudly __________Ⅲ. 完成句子,每空一词;1. 这些夹克衫中,哪件最便宜Which is ________ ________ ________ the jackets2. 这些男孩中,谁最不勤奋Who is ________ ________ ________ of these boys五初识不定式不定式有两种形式：一种是带to的不定式,即to + 动词原形；一种是不带to的不定式,即动词原形;不定式短语在句中不能单独用作谓语,但可以用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等;在本单元我们主要学习带to的不定式短语作宾语的用法;◆带to的不定式短语在句中可作宾语;如：Tina hopes to arrive at about 4 .Peter expects to travel to Hong Kong.◆目前学过的可跟带to的不定式短语作宾语的动词有like, love, want, hope, wish, expect, decide, try, plan, forget, remember, start, help, need, learn, seem等;运用根据汉语意思完成英语句子,每空一词;1. 我弟弟昨天学游泳了;My brother __________ __________ __________ yesterday.2. 她父母打算一周锻炼五次;Her parents __________ __________ __________ five times a week.3. 那个小男孩想买一个新玩具;The little boy __________ __________ __________ a new toy.Ⅱ.根据括号内的要求完成下列各题,每空一词;1. I want to go fishing this weekend. 改为一般疑问句_________ _________ _________ to go fishing this weekend2. How do you like talk shows 改为同义句_________ _________ you _________ _________ talk shows3. Jenny likes this showbecause it's funny. 对划线部分提问_________ _________ Jenny _________ this show4. My father plans togo campingtomorrow. 对划线部分提问_________ _________ your father ________ to ________ tomorrow六 be going to结构be going to结构可表示打算、计划做某事；也可表示现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某事;常和表示将来的时间状语next year, tomorrow, in the future, later on, in +时间段等连用;◆ 结构：be going to后接动词原形,其中be根据主语的变化而变化;如：I am going to buy a bike next year.The wind is blowing hard. It's going to rain.They are going to visit the museum tomorrow.◆ 否定式及疑问式：be going to结构的否定式是在be后面加not；疑问式是将be提到主语前面;如：Bob isn't going to drive to Beijing tomorrow morning.The Browns are going to move to their new house this weekend.→Are the Browns going to move to their new house this weekend温馨提示当be going to结构用于含时间状语从句的复合句中时,主句用be going to结构,从句常用一般现在时表示将来;如：Where are they going to live when they leave hereⅠ.单项选择1. —What's your plan for the new term—I ________ a foreign language.A. will be learnB. am going to learnC. learning2. Hurry up The sky is covered with black clouds. I'm afraid it ________.A. rainsB. is going to rainC. rainedD. was rainingⅡ.完成句子,每空词数不限;1.明天我们不打算去看电影;We _______________________ a film tomorrow.2.你打算成为一名记者吗_______________________ a reporter3.当我长大后,我打算在广播电台工作;When I _______________________, I _______________________ at a radio station.Ⅱ.根据括号内的要求完成下列各题,每空一词;1. Simon joined the sports club last month. 用next month替换last month改写句子Simon ________ ________ ________ ________ the sports club next month.2. My sister is going to work at the TV station. 改为一般疑问句________ your sister ________ ________ ________ at the TV station3.Peter is going to be a workerafter he finishes high school. 对划线部分提问________ ________ Peter going to be a worker4. The Millers are going to moveto London. 对划线部分提问________ ________ the Millers going to ________5. Mrs. Black's daughters want to beteachers. 对划线部分提问________ ________ Mrs. Black's daughters ________ to be七一般将来时◆ 用法：通常表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态;常与表示将来的时间状语“in+时间段”, next week, tomorrow, later on等连用;◆ 构成：由“助动词will+动词原形”构成;如：I will live in a different country.I won’t arrive before 7:30.—Will Mary be here next week—Yes, she will. / No, she won’t.注意：对“in+时间段”进行提问时,要用how soon,意为“多久以后”;如：Alice will go to work in a week.→How soon will Alice go to work拓展there be句型的一般将来时: There will be ...表示“将有……”;如：There will be more cars in the future.我们还学过There is / are going to be ...,它也可表示“将有……”;如：There is going to be a music festival tomorrow.注意：There will be / There is / are going to be ...中的be不能改为have;Ⅰ.单项选择1.—Have you finished the poster 海报 for the party—Not yet. I ________ it in two days.A. finishB. finishedC. will finish2. —My aunt ________ me to Europe for vacation next month.—Have a good timeA. takeB. tookC. will take3. I fell in love with 爱上 Shanghai on my first trip, so I decide I ________ in it in10 years.A. will liveB. livesC. livedD. has lived4. —________ can you finish your homework—In about one and a half hours.A. How fastB. How soon5. —________ will the breakfast be ready—Just a minute.A. How muchB. How longC. How soonⅡ.完成句子,每空一词含缩略形式;1. I'll meet you at the hotel tomorrow. 改为否定句I _________ _________ you at the hotel tomorrow.2. The visitors will arrive before 2 o'clock. 改为一般疑问句并补全肯定答语—_________ the visitors _________ before 2 o'clock—Yes, _________ _________.Ⅲ.根据括号内的要求完成下列各题,每空一词含缩略形式;1. The students will have a party in the hall. 改为一般疑问句并补全否定答语—________ the students ________ a party in the hall—No, ________ ________.2. There will be a supermarket near here. 改为同义句________ ________ ________ ________ ________ a supermarket near here.3. The Smiths will arrive next Sunday. 改为否定句The Smiths ________ ________ next Sunday.4. Our city will bemore and more beautiful. 对划线部分提问_________ will our city be _________八可数名词和不可数名词名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类;大多数名词为可数名词,有单复数之分,而不可数名词没有复数形式;1.可数名词变复数分为规则变化和不规则变化两种：1规则变化1一般名词变复数时,直接加-s;如：book----books pen-----pens hat-----hats2以字母-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的名词,在词尾加-es;如：bus----buses glass----glasses class-----classes box------boxes fox------foxes watch------watches brush-----brushes dish------dishes wish------wishes3以-f,-fe结尾的,把f,fe变为v,再加-es;如：leaf-----leaves half-----halves self-----selves wife-----wives knife-----knives wolf------wolves shelf------shelves thief------thieves life------lives可把以上九个以-f,-fe结尾的词串成这样的一句口诀记忆：树叶leaf半数half自己self黄,妻子wife拿刀knife去杀狼wolf,架shelf后小偷thief逃命life忙;注意：有些词虽然也是以-f结尾,但复数形式却是直接加-s;如：roof屋顶-----roofs belief信仰------beliefs proof证据------proofs handkerchief手帕------handkerchiefs4以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的,先变y为i,再加-es;如：family-----families lady-----ladiescity------cities5以-o结尾的,有时加-es,有时加-s加-es的可串成口诀记忆：黑人Negro英雄hero爱吃西红柿tomato和土豆potato;注意：千克的复数形式为kilos;如：I weight 52 kilos. 我的体重是52公斤;2不规则变化有些名词变复数时属于不规则变化,这种变化是通过改变单词中的某个字母或在词尾加后缀构成的;1该a为e型：man------men woman------women Englishman------Englishmen Englishwoman-------Englishwomen Frenchman-------Frenchmen Frenchwoman------Frenchwomen policeman------policemenpolicewoman------policewomen2该oo为ee型：foot------feet tooth------teeth goose------geese3在词尾加-ren;如：child------children4其他特殊变化;如：mouse-----mice2.不可数名词及其量的表示法：1不可数名词包括：物质名称：食物：bread meat rice cheese fish beef饮料：milk water cola coffee wine tea自然物质：air soil sand wood抽象名词：情感：love peace friendship joy happiness概念：exercise knowledge energy population学科：math geography physics chemistry2不可数名词的量的表示法：如果要表达出不可数名词具体的数量,可以通过“计量词+of+不可数名词”来表示;若想表达量的复数概念,只需把计量词变为复数形式即可;如：a piece of paper 一张纸 ten pieces of paper 十张纸 a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡 two cups of coffee 两杯咖啡a piece of news 一条消息 two pieces of news 两条消息 a drop of ink 一滴墨水 three drops of ink三滴墨水a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶 five bottles of milk 五瓶牛奶 a bag of rice 一袋大米 twenty bags of rice 二十袋大米3可数名词与不可数名词的区别及其应用：1可数名词单数可用修饰,复数可用基数词及some,any,few,a few,many,a lot of等来修饰;不可数名词不能直接用数词修饰,需用“基数词+计量词+of”结构,也可用some,any,little,a little,much alot of来修饰;2用how many询问可数名词数量的多少;用how much询问不可数名词数量的多少;3单个单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数；多个单数名词或复数名词作主语,谓语动词要用复数;不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数;但当其前有“基数词+计量词+of”时,谓语动词依计量词而定;特别提醒：有些名词既是可数名词,又是不可数名词,但两种情况下的含义是不同的;如fish作可数名词表单项选择1. There's little ________ left at home. Go and buy some, dear.A. carrotsB. potatoesC. rice2.—________ pocket money 零花钱 do you usually get every month—Fifty yuan. What about youA. How oftenB. How longC. How manyD. How much3. —________ apples do we need to make fruit salad—Let me think ... We need three apples.A. How longB. How oftenC. How muchD. How manyⅢ.根据括号内的要求完成下列各题,每空一词含缩略形式;1. First, you should clean your room. 改为祈使句First, ________ ________ room.2. Remember to add some sugar to the soup. 改为同义句_________ _________ _________ _________ any sugar to the soup.3. Can you tell me how to make pancakes 改为同义句Can you tell me _________ _________ _________ make pancakes4. I dranktwo cups ofgreen tea. 对划线部分提问_________ _________ green tea did you drink5. That young man atethreebowls of rice. 对划线部分提问_________ _________ _________ of rice did that young man eat九再识情态动词can七年级下册我们已经学过情态动词can表示能力;本单元我们主要学习情态动词can表示请求和可能性;◆can表示请求时,可用来发出邀请,相当于Would you like to ...,这时答语比较灵活;如果接受邀请,答语可用Sure, it sounds great. / Sure, I'd love to.等；如果拒绝邀请,答语可用Sorry, I must / have to ... / I'm afraid not. / Sorry, I can't./ I'd love to, but ...等;如：—Can you go to the zoo with me—Sure, I'd love to. / Sorry, I have to study for my tests.◆can还可表示一种“可能性”,可用来询问打听第三方能否参加某项活动;其句型为Can he / she/ they ...,这类问句的肯定答语为Yes, he / she / they can.；否定答语为No, he / she / they can't. / No, he / she is / they are not available.等;如：—Can Bob go to Anna's party—Yes, he can. / No, he's not available. He has to look after his grandpa.运用Ⅰ. 单项选择1. —Can you come to my party on Wednesday —Sorry, I _______. I have a piano lesson.A. can'tB. couldn'tC. mustn't2. —_______ you tell us a story in English—CertainlyA. MustB. ShouldC. CanⅡ. 汉译英1. ——你愿意和我去野营吗——当然,我很乐意;___________________________________ ________________________________2. ——比尔Bill能和我们一起去看电影吗——不,他不能;他得练习钢琴;_____________________________________ __________________________________一．单项填空1. -----________ you go to the music lesson-----Sorry, I can’t.A. DoB. CanC. MustD. May2. That’s easy. I _______ do that tomorrow.A. canB. mayC. mustD. have to二．句型转换1. She can go to the basketball game. 给为一般疑问句并作否定回答------_________ she go to the basketball game ------ No, she ________.2.Jeff can come to the party. 改为否定句Jeff ________ come to the party.3.Can you come to my party on Saturday 作肯定和否定回答______________________________ _______________十 if引导的条件状语从句含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句表示假如有从句动作的发生,就会有主句动作的发生;★ 通常情况下,如果主句用一般将来时,if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时;如：If he misses the last bus, he'll have to walk home.★ 如果主句是祈使句或者主句的谓语部分含有情态动词,if引导的条件状语从句也常用一般现在时;如：If anyone calls, tell them I'm very busy.链接本单元我们还学了连词unless,可意为“除非；如果不”,通常可以和if ... not互换使用;He won't go to sleep unless you tell him a story.=He won't go to sleep if you don't tell him a story.Ⅰ.单项选择1. —The students of Grade 9 in Changchun have to take part in the . test from 2016.—Yes, _______ you want to pass it and be stronger, practice more.A. untilB. ifC. unlessD. or2. —I think everyone should play a part in saving our environment.—I agree. For example, there will be less air pollution _______ we drive less.A. ifB. soC. though3. Our world will get better and better _______ each of us lives a greener life.A. beforeB. ifC. thoughD. until4. The nurse won't leave her patients ______ she's sure they are all taken good care of.A. unlessB. becauseC. sinceD. ifII .根据句意及括号内所给词的提示填空;1. If Steve ________spend more time on his study, he ________get better grades.2. If Ken ________not work hard, Mr. Rice ________send him away from his restaurant.3. Dave, if you ________ride too fast, something bad may happen to you.4. If Mark and Linda ________not help Kate, that girl ________not finish the work on time.5. I ________not go to her party tomorrow if Jill ________not invite me.IV.根据括号内的要求完成下列各题,每空一词含缩略形式;1. Kathy will walk to the bus station. It'll take her long. 改为if引导的条件句________ Kathy ________ to the bus station, it ________ ________ her long.2. It will be rainy tomorrow. Jimmy and his friends won't go camping. 改为if引导的条件句_______ _______ ________ ________ tomorrow, Jimmy and his friends _______ go camping.3. We should shout for help. 改为一般疑问句________ ________ ________ for help4.I won't get that computerif I don't have enough money. 对划线部分提问________ ________ ________ if you don't have enough money一复合不定代词答案1-3 CBD 4-6 ABD. 1. something 2. nothing 3. yourself 4. myself 5. someone二频度副词答案：1. How often does 2. How often 3. What does have 4. What do do5.How often does goⅡ. 1. This girl is always . How often does Eric clean his room三形容词、副词的原级和比较级Ⅰ. 1-5 BBBCDⅡ. 1. taller 2. later 3. bigger 4. earlier5. more relaxing 6. more 7. farther / further8. worseⅢ. 1. Who sings better, you or your sister2.This jacket is less expensive / isn't more expensive than that one.或This jacket isn't as / so expensive as that one.一. 1. more outgoing 2. wild 3. funnier 4. more serious二. 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B三. 1. older than, younger than 2. shorter than 3. as big as四形容词、副词的最高级一.1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D二. 1. the best 2. least, fewest 3. the most popular 4. taller, the tallestⅠ. 1-5 DCDACⅡ. 1. wettest 2. luckiest 3. most wonderful 4. farthest / furthest 5. finest6. most loudlyⅢ. 1. the cheapest of 2. the least hard-working五初始不定式Ⅱ. 1. Do you want 2. What do; think of3. Why does; like4. What does; plan; do六 be going to结构Ⅰ. 1-2 BBⅡ. 1. are not going to watch / see 2. Are you going to be3. grow up; am going to workIII. 1. is going to join 2. Is; going to work 3. When is 4. Where are;move 5. What do; want七一般将来时Ⅰ. 1-5 CCABCⅡ. 1. won't meet 2. Will; arrive; they willⅢ. 1. Will; have; they won't2. There is going to be 3. won't arrive 4. What; like八可数名词和不可数名词一. 1. an onion 2. six tomatoes 3. two cups of coffee 4. three teaspoons of relish5. ten bottles of yogurt6. four pieces of bread7. six women doctors8. five boy students二. 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A1-4 CBDDⅢ. 1. clean your 2. Don't forget to add3. the way to4. How much5. How many bowls九 can 的用法Ⅰ. 1-2 ACⅡ. 1. —Can you go camping with me—Sure, I'd love to.2. —Can Bill go to the movies with us—No, he can't. He has to practice the piano.十 if从句答案Ⅰ. 1-4 BABAⅡ. 1. comes; will let 2. doesn't rain; will drive Ⅲ. 1. If; walks; will take 2. If it is rainy; won't3. Should we shout4. What will happen。
八年级英语上册第一单元语法知识点归纳
Unit 1一、词组、短语：1、go on vacation去度假 ,2、stay at home 呆在家,3、go to the mountains 上山/进山 ,4、go to the beach到海边去,5、visit museums 参观博物馆,6、go to summer camp 去夏令营,7、quite a few 相当多,8、study for为……学习,9、go out 出去,10、most of the time大部分时间/绝大多数时间,11、taste good 尝起来味道好,12、have a good time玩的开心,13、of course当然可以,14、feel like感觉像……/想要,15、go shopping购物,16、in the past 在过去,17、walk around绕……走,18、too many 太多可数名词前面,19、because of 因为,20、one bowl of 一碗……,21、find out 查出来/发现 ,22、go on继续,23、take photos 照相,24、something important重要的事情,25、up and down上上下下,26、come up出来二、习惯用法、搭配1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来……3. nothing ….but + V.原形除了……之外什么都没有4. seem + to be + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事12. look + adj 看起来13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. Why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢15. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于……16. tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事三、重点句子1. Where did you go on vacation 你去哪儿度假的1这是一个由疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句;Where用来询问地点或场所,用于句首,其后跟一般疑问句;如：Where are you from Where does he live2go on vacation“去度假”He will go on vacation with his family. 他要和家人一起度假;解析 vacation v'ken n 假期 = holidayon vacation 在度假 take a vacation 去度假 winter vacation 寒假 summer vacation 暑假①I have a lot of _______________every year . vacation②— Where did Sarah go on vacation— She went to America.A.on vacationB. take a vacationC. is on vacationD. is for vacation2、Did you go with anyone你和别人一起去的吗这是一个一般过去时的一般疑问句;当含有实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句变为一般疑问句时,需借助助动词did,此时后面的实义动词应用原形;其句型结构为“did+主语+动词原形+其它”,肯定回答为“Yes,主语+did”,否定回答为“No,主语+didn′t”·基本用法pron. anyone 任何人,相当于anybody,通常用在否定句、疑问句或条件从句中;如： I wont tell anyone I saw you here. 我不会告诉任何人我在这儿见过你;Why would anyone want that job 为什么会有人想要那份工作呢知识拓展---同类词Some - any- no- every-指人 someone 有人 anyone 任何人 anybody no one 没有人nobody everyone 人人 everybody指物 something 某物 anything 任何事 nothing 没有事everything 一切事指地点 somewhere 某地 anywhere 任何地方 nowhere 无处,没有地方 everywhere 到处注意：1由some-, any-, no-, every-构成的符合不定代词作主语时,都作单数看待,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;2不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后,作后置定语;如：Id like something to drink. 我想要些喝的;Is there anything interesting in the book 这本书中有有趣的东西吗小结：解析1someone smwn pron 某人anyone eniwn pron 任何人 everyone evriwn pron 每人,人人 my uncle 看望了我的叔叔visit是及物动词,意为“拜访；探望”,后接表示人的名词或代词; visit还可以意为“参观；游览”,后接表示地点的名词;a.I visited my grandmother last week. 上周我去______了我的外婆;b. you want to visit Shanghai 你想______上海吗c.拓展：visitor意为“参观者；游客”;These visitors come fromanything special 买特别的东西;P21buy及物动词,意为“买；购买”;其过去式为______;拓展：buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 意为“给某人买某物”; My uncle_____ _____a bike.= My uncle_____ _____for me.2)anything不定代词,意为“某事；某件东西”,主要用于疑问句或否定句中;a.Do you want to buy anything for me cant say anything about it.3)anthing special表示“特别的东西”,形容词修饰不定代词时后置;Is there________ ________in this book这本书里有新的内容吗, did you go anywhere interesting哦,你去有趣的地方了吗P21本句是did开头的一般疑问句2anywhere用作副词,意为“在任何地方”;eg：Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation 辨析：anywhere与somewhereanywhere意为“在任何地方”,常用于否定句和疑问句中; eg:I cant find it anywhere.somewhere意为“在某处；到某处”,常用于肯定句中; eg:I lost my key somewhere near here. took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片;P2take photos 意为“照相；拍照”; eg:We______ ______on the Great Wall.我们在长城上照了相;辨析：quite a few与quite a littlequite a few 意为“很多;不少”,修饰可数名词复数；quite a little 意为“很多;不少”,修饰不可数名词;a. He stays here for _____ _____ _____days.is _____ _____ _____water in the bottle瓶子.6. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 我大部分时间只是待在家里读书休息; P2most of the time意为“大部分时间”,其中most为代词,意为“大部分；大多数”拓展most of…意为“……中的大多数”,它作主语时,谓语动词取决于most of后所修饰的名词;of us_____begoing to the park. 我们大多数人要去公园;b. Most of the food_____gobad. 大部分的食物都变质了;7.Everything tasted really good所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃P3taste在此为系动词,意为“尝起来”,其后接形容词构成系表结构;a.The food tastes really great.食物尝起来棒极了;8. Did everyone have a good time大家都玩得很开心吗P3have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得开心 + doingeg: We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall. = We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.did you like it 你觉得它怎么样P3How do/did you like……意为“你觉得……怎么样”,用来询问对方的观点或看法,相当What do you think of……eg: How do you like your new job = _____ _____ _____ _____ your new jobyou go shopping 你们去购物了吗P3go shopping意为“去购物；去买东西”,同义短语为do some shopping.eg: I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物;拓展：“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”,常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动;go skating 去滑冰go hiking 去远足 go sightseeing 去观光 go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳go boating 去划船went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场;P3a friend’s farm是名词所有格形式;一般情况下,表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加s,表示所属关系;eg:The red bike is Alices. 那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的;拓展：名词所有格的构成：1单数名词词尾加s ,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加sthe girl ‘s pen女孩的钢笔 women’s shoes女鞋 on Children’s Day2复数名词以s结尾的只加the students’ reading room学生阅览室 Teachers’ Day教师节3如果两个名词并列,并且分别有s,则表示“分别有”；只后一个名词有一个s,则表示“共有”：John’s and Kate’s rooms. 约翰和凯特各自的房间; Lily and Lucy’s father. 莉莉和露西的爸爸同一个爸爸; 4表示无生命的名词一般以...of...构成短语,表示所有关系;a map of China一幅中国地图 the name of the story那个故事的名字12.Still no one seemed to be bored. 即使这样仍然没有人看起来无聊;P31seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”;eg：Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易;拓展 a. seem+adj. “看起来……”; You seem happy today.你今天看起来很高兴;b. seem+to do sth. “似乎,好像做某事”; I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了;=It seems that I have a cold.c. It seems/seemed+从句“看起来好像…；似乎…”;It seems that no one believes you.看起来好像没有人相信2辨析：bored与boringa. bored意为“厌烦的；感到无聊的”,一般在句中修饰人;b. boring意为“无聊的；令人厌烦的”,一般在句中修饰事或物;eg：a. I’m ______with what he said.我对他说的话厌烦极了;b. I find the story very_______.我发现这个故事太无聊了;二Section B1. What activities do you find enjoyable 你发现什么活动让人快乐P5enjoyable形容词,意为“愉快的；快乐的”;Im sure we will have an enjoyable vacation. 我确信我们将会有一个愉快的假期;2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城;P5arrive不及物动词,意为“到达”;arrive in表示到达较大的地方,如国家、省、市等；arrive at表示到达较小的地方,如机场、商店、广场、村庄等;注：地点副词home,here,there前介词省略辨析：①arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点②get to +地点③reach+地点eg：I 到达 school at 8：00 oclock yesterday.3. …so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel…因此我们决定到旅馆附近的海滩上去;P5 decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”; eg: They _____ ______ ______the museum.他们决定去参观博物馆;拓展：decide后常跟“疑问词+动词不定式”做宾语;He can’t decide when ______ _____leave 他不能决定何时动身;4. My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动;P5try此处用作及物动词,其后常接名词、动名词或不定式,意为“尝试；试图,设法；努力”She is trying my bicycle.她正在试骑我的自行车;拓展：try也可用作名词,意为“尝试”,常用短语“have a try”,意为“试一试”;I want to have a try.我想试一试;辨析：try doing sth. / try to do sth.1try doing sth. 尝试做某事,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力;2try to do sth.尽力、设法去做某事,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成,强调付出努力设法去完成;a. I ______ ______ him, but no one answered. 我试着给他打电话了,但没有人接听;b. Im ______ ______ ______ English well. 我正尽力把英语学好;5. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting 我感觉自己就像一只小鸟;太刺激了P51feel like意为“给……的感觉；感受到”;其后常接从句; eg: He feels like he is swimming. 他感觉像在游泳一样;拓展：feel like还可意为“想要……”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词;即： feel like sth. 想要某物 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 eg：Do you feel like a cup of tea now 你现在想要一杯茶吗Do you feel like ______ take a walk in the park with me 你想跟我在公园散步吗2辨析：exciting与excitedexciting 意为“令人兴奋的,使人激动的”, 一般修饰某物; excited 意为“感到兴奋的,激动的”, 一般修饰某人; Eg： story is_________exciting, excited .told me the_______exciting, excitednews.was_______exciting, excitedto see the singer.6.There are a lot of new buildings now…现在有许多新的建筑物……P5building 可数名词,意为“建筑物；楼房”;build 动词,“建造,建筑” built,built,The workers built many tall buildings in our school last year.7. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的;P5 wonder此处是及物动词,意为“想知道；琢磨”;其后常接who, what, why等疑问词引导的宾语从句;Eg： wonder _______________. 我想知道那个男孩是谁;A. the boy is who B. who the boy is 2. I wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了;8.I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走; P51enjoy及物动词,意为“喜爱；欣赏；享受……的乐趣”,其后接名词,代词或动名词作宾语;a. Do you enjoy your job 你喜欢你的工作吗b. I enjoy reading books. 我喜欢读书;enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事拓展： enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得开心 + doing sth.2）walk around 意为“四处走走”;Hes just walking around the village.他只是在村庄里随便走走;9. What a difference a day makes 一天的变化有多大呀 P5difference可数名词,意为“差别,差异”；其形容词形式为different,意为“不同的；有差异的”; Eg: a. What is the difference between this book and that bookb. My schoolbag is different from yours. be different from 意为“与……不同”10.We wanted to walk up to the top , but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.P51want to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”;2start doing sth. 意为“开始做某事”,同义短语：start to do sth. Eg: Tom started learning English last year.3a little 意为“一点儿”,在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词;也可以修饰不可数名词;Eg: a. I can draw a little, but only as a hobby. ______________________________b. Its a little cold outside. ______________________________c. He can speak a little English. ______________________________4)take the train意为“乘火车”,take在此意为“乘坐”;waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多,所以我们等了一个多小时的火车;P51wait for意为“等候”,其后可接人或物; Tom was waiting for a bus over there.2over介词,意为“多于；超过” ,相当于more than; Eg : My father is over 40 years old.Here are over eight hundred students in our school.3 too many意为“太多”,其后接可数名词复数; He always has too many questions to ask me. 辨析：too many + 可数名词复数意为“太多... ”too much + 不可数名词意为“太多... ”much too + 形容词 /副词意为“太... ”eg：I have homework to do today. The weather today is ______ _______ cold. because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.而且因为坏天气,我们也没能看到下面的任何景色P5辨析：because of与becausea. because of意为“因为,由于”,后可接名词短语、代词或动名词,不能接句子; He lost his job because of his age.b. because意为“因为”,引导状语从句,即接句子; I didnt buy the shirt because it was too expensive.13.My father didnt bring enough money…我爸爸没带足够的钱……P51辨析：bring与takebring意为“带来；拿来”, 指从别处带到说话者所在地;take意为“拿走；带走”, 指从说话者所在地带到别处去;2enough 意为“足够的,充分的”1.用来修饰形容词或副词,一般置于被修饰词之后;2.用来修饰名词时放在名词之前;Eg：a. We have enough time to do our homework.b. The box is big enough.14.…because we forgot to bring an umbrella…因为我们忘了带雨伞;P6辨析：forget to do sth.与forget doing sth.forget to do sth. 意为“忘记要做某事事情还没做”eg: Dont forget to close the window. forget doing sth. 意为“忘记做过某事事情已经做过了” eg: I forget closing the window. 15. About one hour later, we stopped and drank some tea. 大约一小时后,我们停下来喝了些茶;P6 1one hour later 一小时后；一小时前__________________2stop动词,意为“停止；中断”,过去式_________,现在分词__________；3drink及物动词,意为“喝；饮”；还可以作名词,意为“饮料”;16. Did you dislike anything 你不喜欢什么东西吗P7dislike意为“不喜欢；厌恶”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语;Eg：a. Mary ______ the hamburgers. 玛丽不喜欢汉堡包;b. I _____ ______ computer 我不喜欢玩电脑游戏;17. Why not 为什么不带呀P8why not意为“为什么不呢”,一般用在疑问句中,表示提建议；why not后面需跟动词原形;注“Why not + 动词原形”相当于“Why dont you+ 动词原形”a. Why not go to the party with me =Why dont you go to the party with me为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢_____ take a walk = _____ ______ _____ take a walk 为什么不去散步呢in our class took a bag with some food and water. 我们班上的每一个人都随身带了装有食物和水的提袋;P8with介词,意为“具有；带有”; 此处介词短语with some food and water作bag的后置定语;拓展：with作介词时的其他用法：a.“和……一起’ I often go to school ______ my friend. 我经常和朋友们一起去上学;b. 以手段、材料,用工具, Cut the apple with a knife. 用刀切苹果;19. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来;P8so…that… / such…that…如此…以致引导的结果状语从句so+adj./adv.+that…Eg：1. He is ____lovely a boy____we love him very much.2.The little boy is so young that he can’t go to school.20. 常用的感叹句的结构：1What +adj.+ 复数名词 / 不可数名词+主语+谓语2What +a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语3How +adj. +a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语4How+adj./adv. +主语+谓语eg: an interesting book it is = How interesting a book is 那本书多么有趣啊clever girl she is3. _____clever a girl she isjobs they have donewater it is D. Howthe dog is C. Where D. How21. My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. 我的同学告诉我坚持往前走,因此我便继续前进了P81tell sb. notto do sth. 意为“告诉某人不要做某事;The teacher ______ ______ ______ ______ the window just now. 老师刚才告诉我们擦窗户;2keep doing sth. 意为“继续做某事,一直做某事”;She______ ______ TV for two hours last night. 昨晚她持续看了两个小时的电视;23.Everyone jumped up and down in excitement. 大家都兴奋地跳起来;P8up and down 意为“上上下下；来来回回”,在句中作状语;Eg：They looked me ______ ______ ______. 他们上上下下打量我;He walks______ ______ ______ in the room. 他在房间里来回走动;22. 反身代词：myself , ourselves, yourself , yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves.作动词或介词的宾语：经常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, dress, kill等动词和by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语;一年主考宾语回自身He is teaching himself English.她在自学英语;She was talking to herself.她自言自语;He lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下;1)Help yourself 请随便吃吧/请自己去取吧2)2 Make yourself at home 别客气3)make yourself heard /understood. 使你的话被人听得见/理解4)4 teach oneself 自学=learn by oneself5)5 by oneself 独自6)for oneself 为自己；替自己7 enjoy oneself 玩的愉快8 dress oneself 给自己穿衣, little, a few, a little ：的用法few, a few修饰可数名词,little, a little修饰不可数名词;few, little具有否定意义,表示“几乎没有”,a few, a little具有肯定意义,表示“一些”;He has little money, but few students want to lend money to him.他几乎没有钱,但是几乎没有学生想借钱给他;There is a little milk and a few apples left in the fridge.冰箱里还有一些牛奶和一些苹果;。
八年级上册英语unit1-3知识点及语法
八年级上册英语unit1-3知识点及语法词汇和语法是英语学习当中最基础也是最重要的部分，下面是小编给大家带来的八年级上册英语unit1-3知识点及语法，希望能够帮助到大家!八年级上册英语unit1-3知识点及语法Unit11. We had great fun playing in the water. 我们在水中玩得很高兴。
have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很高兴 = enjoy oneselfWe had a lot of fun swimming in the sea.I have great fun talking with that little girl.练一练(1) I have a good time on the beach. ( 同义句)I ______ ________ on the beach.(2) We have fun ______(sing) and ______( dance).2. I found a small boy crying in the corner. 我发现一个小男孩在角落里哭。
find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事He sat down and watched Wang Wang play with a friend black cat.感官动词 see, hear, feel, watch, listen to, look at, find(1)感官动词+ 宾语+ 动词原形强调看到/听到整个动作，或整个事件或行为的全过程(2)感官动词+ 宾语+ 现在分词强调看到/听到行动或事件正在进行I saw him cross the street. 我看见他过了马路。
(从一边到另一边)I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正过马路。
(正在马路中间走着)练一练 (1) I found a dog ______ near the door.A. was standingB. to standC. standD. stood(2) She heard a little boy ______ English.A. readingB. readsC. to readD. is reading3. That made me feel very happy. 那使我感到很愉快。
八年级上册英语语法知识点复习
八年级上册英语语法知识点复习语法是语言当中最重要的也是最基础的句子组成结构，下面是小编给大家带来的八年级上册英语语法知识点复习，希望能够帮助到大家!八年级上册英语语法知识点复习1) leave的用法1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。
例如：When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的?2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。
例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。
例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京?2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道?Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。
常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。
例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2.用于提出意见劝导别人。
例如：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。
should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。
例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
人教版八年级上英语语法总结
人教版八年级上英语语法总结The following is a summary of the XXX。
It includes the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs。
sentence components and types。
the five basic sentence patternsof simple sentences。
object clauses。
us tenses including the present simple。
present continuous。
past simple。
future simple。
modal verbs。
and infinitives.I。
Comparative and Superlative Forms of Adjectives and Adverbs1) For single-syllable adjectives。
add -er and -est to the endto form the comparative and XXX: great (positive degree)。
greater (comparative degree)。
greatest (superlative degree).2) For single-syllable adjectives that end in -e。
add -r and -stto the end to form the comparative and XXX: wide (positive degree)。
wider (comparative degree)。
widest (superlative degree).3) For some two-syllable adjectives that end in -y。
-er。
初中英语八年级上册英语语法表
初中英语八年级上册英语语法表1. 时态（Tenses）- 简单现在时（Simple Present Tense）：表示惯性、经常性或普遍性的动作或状态。
- 肯定句：主语 + 动词原形（第三人称单数加-s）+ 其他- 否定句：主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形 + 其他- 疑问句：Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？- 简单过去时（Simple Past Tense）：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
- 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他- 否定句：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他- 疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？- 现在进行时（Present Continuous Tense）：表示现在正在进行的动作。
- 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing形式 + 其他- 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词-ing形式 + 其他- 疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing形式 + 其他？2. 名词（Nouns）- 可数名词（Countable Nouns）：表示可以计数或有复数形式的名词。
- 单数形式：名词 + 其他- 复数形式：名词 + -s/-es- 不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）：表示无法计数或没有复数形式的名词。
- 通常不加-s/-es- 如：water, milk, rice3. 形容词（Adjectives）- 比较级的构成：原形 + -er- 形容词的最高级（Superlative Adjectives）：表示三者或三者以上之间的比较。
- 最高级的构成：原形 + -est4. 介词（Prepositions）- in：表示在某个时间、地点、范围内。
- on：表示在某个日期、星期或某个具体的日子上。
- at：表示在某个具体的时间、地点上或某种情况下。
人教版八年级上英语语法总结
人教版八年级上英语语法总结八年级上册内容，形容词和副词的比较级和最高级，句子成分,类型，简单句的五种基本句型,宾语从句，各种时态包括一般现在时，现在进行时,一般过去时，一般将来时，情态动词和动词不定式等，具体内容如下：一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和—est 构成。
great （原级） greater(比较级） greatest（最高级)2) 以—e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和—st 构成。
wide （原级） wider (比较级) widest (最高级）3）少数以-y, -er， -ow, —ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
clever(原级） cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级)4) 以 -y 结尾，但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉，加上—ier 和—est 构成。
happy (原形） happier (比较级) happiest (最高级）5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。
big (原级） bigger （比较级) biggest (最高级)6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成. beautiful (原级)？ difficult （原级） more beautiful （比较级） more difficult （比较级) most beautiful （最高级) most difficult (最高级）形容词比较级的用法：形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下：主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分. 也就是，含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。
牛津版八年级英语上册语法知识点总结
牛津版八年级英语上册语法知识点总结1. 时态1.1 一般现在时- 表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
- 构成：主语 + 动词原形。
1.2 一般过去时- 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
- 构成：主语 + 动词过去式。
1.3 一般将来时- 表示将来会发生的动作或存在的状态。
- 构成：主语 + 情态动词（will/shall）+ 动词原形。
2. 被动语态2.1 被动语态的构成- 一般现在时：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词。
- 一般过去时：主语 + was/were + 过去分词。
- 一般将来时：主语 + will be + 过去分词。
2.2 被动语态的用法- 强调动作的承受者。
- 表示动作的执行者不重要或未知。
3. 情态动词3.1 情态动词的用法- can表示能力或可能性。
- may表示请求或允许。
- must表示肯定推测或强制。
- should表示应该或建议。
- shall表示承诺或警告。
- will表示意愿或将来时。
3.2 情态动词的辨析- can和may表示可能性，但can表示能力时不能用may替换。
- must表示肯定推测时，后句用否定形式；表示强制时，后句用肯定形式。
- shall和will表示意愿，但shall用于第一人称，will用于第三人称。
4. 句子结构4.1 简单句- 包含一个主语和一个谓语。
- 例如：The cat sleeps.4.2 并列句- 包含两个或多个主语和谓语，用并列连词连接。
- 例如：The cat sleeps, and the dog barks.4.3 复合句- 包含一个主句和一个或多个从句。
- 例如：The cat sleeps when the sun sets.4.4 复杂句- 包含一个主句和两个或多个从句。
- 例如：The cat sleeps when the sun sets, and the dog barks at night.5. 疑问句5.1 一般疑问句- 采用倒装结构，将助动词或情态动词移至主语前。