主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
英语各种从句的区别
在句子里做主语，宾语，表语的分别是主语，宾语，表语从句。
修饰名词的是定语从句，相当于形容词。
修饰整个句子，动词，形容词的是状语从句。
在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。
1，定语从句。
1）先行词是名词。
2）定语从句跟在名词后。
是修饰名词的。
3）与中文顺序相反。
4）定语从句的组成是：连词+主+谓+宾。
5）连词在从句里可以作主语、宾语、状语等。
6）当先行词的名词表示人时，后面的连词用who+v/(whom)+s+v/whose+N+s+v. 当先行词的名词表示物时，后面的连词用which/that ,whose.7）连词前可以有介词。
8）不许用what1. All the people who work on a newspaper must be able to work fast.2. Corn is a useful plant which can be eaten by both people and animals.3. I have a friend whose cousin is a tennis player.4. The boy lived in a part of town where there were no schools.5. During the hurricane, one of the tree branches broke the bed in whichthe girl had been sleeping.II. 名词从句。
起名词作用。
=名词1. 主语从句。
1）在主语位置上。
2）组成：连词+主语+谓语+宾语3）连词不可省4）不许用ifWhen we’ll go to school is still a question.2. 宾语从句。
高二英语名词性从句
Virtue is whatever one must possess first. 品德应是一个人必须首先具备的。
The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists. 困难在于他怎样才 能向其他科学家证实他的想法。
当that从句与另一名词性从句并列做宾语时， that不能省略。 Everyone could see what was happening and that she was really worried. 大家都看得 出发生了什么事，也知道她真得十分焦急。
重点：句中若有两个并列的that 从句做宾语， 即使省略了第一个that，也不可以省略第二 个that。 Eg. I believe (that) you’ve done your best and that things will improve. 我想你已经尽 力了，我相信一切会好起来的。
“ Where has my mother gone?” he wondered. ----He wondered where his mother had gone.
2) 由how和what 引导的感叹句做宾语从句 时，仍然用感叹句的语序。 “How important the forest is!”
She wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service. 她想了解哪家酒店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。 Go to stamp sales and buy whatever you can afford. 到邮票销售点，把你能够买得起的邮票买下来。 Take whichever you like best. 挑选你最喜欢的随便拿一个。 We will see what we can discover. 我们倒要看看会发现什么情况。 Do you know where he lives? I don’t quite understand why more women smoke than men in Britain.
主语从句(全部)
That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.
It looks as if it is going to rain. This is because he missed the train by one minute.
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.
He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
3)用whether或if引导的宾语从句
We don’t believe that he will win the game.
I don’t think he will do so.
doubt用于肯定结构时，后面用
whether/ if 引导名词性从句；
用于否定结构或疑问结构时，后面
用 that 引导名词性从句。
be sure 用于肯定句或疑问句时，后 接 that 引导的名词性从句；
It is known to us how he became a writer.
我们都知道他是如何成为一名 作家的。
2. 宾语从句 名词从句用作宾语叫宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主 语从句表语从句的关联词大致一 样，在句中可以作动词或介词的 宾语。
1.)由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时， that在句中不担任任何成分，在 口语或非正式的文体中常被省 去，但有两个以上宾语从句时, 第二个分句前的that不可省。
三大从句语法讲解
三大从句语法讲解从句：在复合句具有主谓部分但不能独立成句的句子。
主句：除掉从句，就是主句在英语中，主要有三大从句：名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）形容词性从句（即定语从句）副词性从句（即状语从句：包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）三大从句快速判断方法：1.主句不完整，从句不完整→名词性从句（连接代词）2.主句不完整，从句完整→名词性从句（连词、连接副词）3.主句完整，从句不完整→定语从句（关系代词）4.主句完整，从句完整→定语从句（关系副词）、同位语从句、状语从句名词性从句主语从句：（用句子代替名词来做主语）比如汉语中：①你通过我的方法学好了英语【主语】是我的荣幸。
②你要不要学英语【主语】是你自己的事。
③你想要的学习效果【主语】还必须靠你自己实现。
④你什么时候开始学英语【主语】是很重要的一件事。
基本：三类主语从句的连词（1）从属连词引导的主语从句（that / whether / if）that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。
That 引导主语从句通常用it 作形式主语。
例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.（你要赢得这样比赛看起来不可能。
）That she survived the accident is a miracle.（她能在这场事故中幸存真是个奇迹。
）这个就同我们汉语例子中的①句一样，只不过英语中更加重视句子结构，所以把that放在前头，告诉你这个that后面跟的句子（和里面的主谓宾）不影响主句。
whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。
注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.（我们明天会不会在户外举办聚会取决于天气。
英语三大从句语法讲解
英语三大从句在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句、形容词性从句即定语从句、副词性从句即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等;定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等;常见的关系代词有：who, that, which;它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示：一关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语;An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人;whom代替人,是宾格,在定语从句作宾语,在非正式英语常可省略;Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗whose一般代替人,有时亦可代替物,是所有格,在定语从句作定语;The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学;Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字,你知道吗关系代词whose指代先行词hotel,正式用法应该用of which;whose window=the window of which,意思是：the window of the hotel;二关系代词which的用法which代替物,在定语从句作主语或宾语,作宾语时还可省略;I do not like stories which have unhappy endings.我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说;which可以换成that三关系代词that的用法that既可指人又可指物,在当代英语中大多指物,在定语从句作主语或宾语,作宾语时还可省略;： Is she the girl that sells newspapers她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗that可以换成whoWhere is the ice-cream that was in the fridge放在冰箱的冰激凌哪儿去了that可以换成whichIs this the book that you want to buy这是你要买的那本书吗 that可以换成which,在定语从句作宾语,还可以省略二、关系副词引导的定语从句常用的关系副词只有三个：when, where, why,在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语;一关系副词when的用法关系副词when代替的先行词表示的是时间,when在定语从句作时间状语;In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often.北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份;when先行词是months二关系副词where的用法关系副词where代替的先行词表示的是地点,where在定语从句作地点状语;During the Spring Festival I went back to the town where I was brought up.春节期间,我回到了生我养我的家乡;where的先行词是town三关系副词why的用法关系副词why代替的先行词表示的是原因,why在定语从句作原因状语;The reason why I am phoning you is to ask you whether you have got my email.我打电话给你的原因是想问问你是否收到了我的电子邮件;why先行词是reason, 当代英语里why可以用that替代,这时关系代词that就变成了表示原因的关系副词,还可以将why省略三、特殊关系代词as引导的定语从句一在固定搭配as…as, so…as, such…as, the same…as中,as引导定语从句You may take as many books as you want.你想要拿多少书就拿多少;第一个as是副词,修饰many的；第二个as才是关系代词,代替先行词books,在定语从句中作宾语二独立于主句之外,as引导定语从句As we know/ As is known to us, the earth turns around the sun. 正如我们所知,地球围绕太阳旋转;As we know和 As is known to us均为定语从句,as分别作宾语和主语,替代后面的主句;Taiwan is, as you know, an inseparable part of China.你知道,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分;关系代词as指代整个主句,在定语从句中作宾语;四、关系代词who, which与that的区别一关系代词who与that的区别1. 当关系代词用作主语时,多用主格who;He who loses hope loses all.失去希望的人就失去一切;先行词为代词he, they, any, all, one等时,多用whoI met Alice, who told me that she was learning Chinese.我遇见艾丽斯,她告诉我她在学汉语;在非限制性定语从句中,用who2. 当关系代词用作介词后的宾语时,用宾格whom,不用that;The man to whom our headmaster talked just now is our English teacher.我们校长刚才与他谈话的那个人是我们的英语老师;介词与关系代词紧密相连时,只能用宾格whom,不可用主格who注意：介词与关系代词不是紧密相连时,或者说介词放在句子后面时,这时可以用主格who,也可用that,还可以省略关系代词;因此,上面的这句话还可以有如下四种说法：1 The man whom our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.2 The man who our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.3 The man that our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.4 The man our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.3. 当关系代词泛指人时,多用that;He is a man that is never afraid of failure.他是个从不怕失败的人;that用来泛指人4. 当关系代词出现在who开头的疑问句时,应用that;例如：Who is the girl that is talking to Tom in English用英语同汤姆交谈的那个女孩是谁避免重复使用who,以免造成误解或语义含混不清二关系代词which与that的区别1. 当先行词为all, much, little以及不定代词anything, something, everything等时,关系代词多用that;All that glitters is not gold. 闪闪发光物,未必尽黄金;She told me everything that she knew. 她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我;2. 当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词the only, the very, all, every, any, no 等时,关系代词一般都用that;This is the best novel that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的一部小说;He is the only person that has been invited to the ball. 他是惟一应邀参加舞会的人;3. 当关系代词出现在which开头的疑问句时,应用that;Which was the hotel that was recommended to the foreign guest 哪一个是推荐给外宾的宾馆这里使用that很明显是为了避免重复which4. 在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词一般只用which;Beijing, which is the capital of the People’s Republic of China, will host the 2008 Olympic Games. 北京是中华人民共和国的首都,将主办2008年奥运会;5. 介词后的关系代词用which,而不用that;She has collected 600 stamps, 60% of which are German stamps. 她收集了600张邮票,其中60％是德国邮票;五、定语从句的位置如前所述,定语从句一般总是直接置于所修饰的名词或代词之后;有时候,定语从句与先行词之间插入了其他的短语,这样它们被分隔了,这种情况下的定语从句被称作隔离定语从句;There was a girl upstairs who was shouting and crying, obviously mad.楼上有一个女孩,大喊大叫;很明显,她疯了;定语从句who was shouting and crying修饰the girl,被upstairs所隔开A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.明天要来一位新老师教你们德语了;定语从句置于句末以示强调名词性从句宾语从句一、引导词1由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后;连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略;如：I told him that he was wrong.在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think 等动词变为否定形式;见语法：否定转移如：I don’t think you are right. 我认为你做的不对在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语;We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone 我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的2 由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句;Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if 可以替换;I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导Everything depends on whether we have enough money.宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.3由wh-引导的宾语从句;连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句,它们在句中即有连接从句的作用,又在句中充当句子的成分;Do you know which film they are talking about which做定语I don’t know where he lives. where 做地点状语二、宾语从句的语序,宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序,既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 I believe that they will come soon.特例：有下列常见的问句,作为从句出现,是“不改变语句顺序”的;1. What's the matter2. What's wrong3. What's up4. What's the problem5. What's your trouble三、宾语从句的时态;宾语从句的时态受主句的限制,即：主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定；主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态;如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时态;1 She says that she is a student.→ She said that she was a student.2She says that she will fly to Japan in a week. → She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3She says that she has finished her homework alre ady. → She said that she had finished her homework already.1如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态;The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.2Could you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见,语气委婉,并不表示过去;Could you tell me when we will visit the History Museum注意事项：3由陈述句变成宾语从句时,要注意人称的变化;She said: “I have been to England before.” → She said that she had been to England before. She asked me: “Do you like maths” → She asked me if I liked maths.4宾语从句与简单句的交换;由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句,如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时,可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构;I don’t know what I should do next. → I don’t know what to do next.DO SOME EXERCISES:you see AA. what he’s readingB. what is he readingC. what does he readD. he reads what2. Does Jack come from Japan Do you know合并成一个句子Do you know ___that__Jack __come___from Japandid your son say in the letter_He told me that he_D__ the Disney the next day.A. will visitB. has visitedC. is going to visitD. would visit4. He didn’t know___A____A. what’s the matterB. what the matter isC. what was the matterD. what the matter was5. Somebody called you just now, but I didn’t know__D__A. who were theyB. who they wereC. who was itD. who it was6. I want to know___D__A. what is his nameB. what’s his nameC. that his name isD. what his name is7. ---Could you tell me __C__she is looking for---Her cousin, Susan.A. thatB. whose C .who D. which8. ---What are you searching the Internet for---I’m trying to find out____.A. What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLUB. How many persons have died in IraqC. How to protect our environmentD. Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea同位语从句一一般来说,在主从复合句中,用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句;它通常跟在某些名词之后,用以说明或解释该名词表示的具体内容;可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有：advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, proposal, reply, report, suggestion, word消息,problem, question, doubt, thought等;eg: They were delighted at the news that their team had won.当听到他们队获胜的消息时,他们欣喜若狂;有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开; 如：The thought came to him that Tom might have returned the book.他突然想起汤姆可能已经还了书了;二引导词1. The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.2. He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there.3. The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting.4. I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now.5. We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation this year.6. I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.7. I have no idea when he will be back．小结：① that引导同位语从句时无词义,也不充当任何成分,但通常不可以省略,如句1；② whether引导同位语从句时意为“是否”,通常不能用if来代替, 如句2;③ 连接代词who, what等可以引导同位语从句,如句3, 4；④ 连接副词where, how, when等可以引导同位语从句, 如句5,6,7;三 that 引导的同位语从句和定语从句① 意义不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；而定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的先行词;试比较：1. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.2. The news that you told us is really encouraging.② that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词,不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句时,不仅起连接作用,而且还指代先行词并在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分;试比较：1. Dad made a promise that he would buy me a CD player if I passed the English test.2. Dad made a promise that excited all his children.③ 可否省略：that在引导同位语从句时,通常不可省略;在引导定语从句时,若在从句中作宾语,通常可以省略,若作主语则不可以省略;DO SOME EXERCISES:I. 请用适当的词填空,使下列句子意思完整;1. They expressed the hope _that_ they would come over to China soon.2. The fact ___that____ he didn’t see Tom this morning is true.3. Word has come __where_____ some American guests will come to our college for a visitnext week.4. He can’t answer the question ___how____ he got the money from his home yesterday.5. Do you have any idea __what___ is actually going on in the classroom6. The problem _______ we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once. II. 下列各句中均有一处错误,请改正;1. Our team has won the game, that made us very happy.2. I’ve come with a message from Mr Wang how he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.3. He must answer the question if he agrees with what she said or not.4. I’ve read the book where you gave me the day before yester day.5. One of the men heldthe opinion when what the book said was right.表语从句表语从句只能置于主句之后,而主句的动词只能是连系动词;名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句The problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西;how 在表语从句中充当方式状语The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的;what 在表语从句中充当宾语What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本;what 在主语从句中作直接宾语, that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分, 不能省略That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的;what在表语从句中充当直接宾语That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因;why 在表语从句中充当原因状语“That is why...”是常用句型, 意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”, 其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语, 该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构, 它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：1“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义, 只不过从语法结构上讲, “That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句, 将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样 That is the reason why I cannot agree.2“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语, 这也是个常用句型, 意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”;“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由, “That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影, 那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业;第一句话说明结果, 第二句话说明原因He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看过那部电影, 因此他昨天晚上没有去看;第一句话说明原因, 第二句话说明结果考题1The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. 2007上海A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that考题2You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree. 2004A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how考题3— I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.— Is that ____ you had a few days off 1999A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where考题4____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. 2003上海春A. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; whatD. That; because考题5—Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game—Oh, that’s ____. 2003北京春A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited表语从句与宾语从句的关系宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词性从句;其作用跟名词在句中的作用相同;故充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句,充当表语的句子叫表语从句;宾语从句1对于宾语从句要掌握以下三点①语序: 从句的语序必须是陈述句语序, 即“主语 + 谓语”这种形式;②时态: 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候, 从句可以是任何时态, 而当主句是一般过去时的时候, 从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态, 即一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去完成时, 过去将来时;③连接词: 当从句意思完整, 主句意思肯定时, 连接词用that, 且可以省去当从句意思完整, 主句意思不确定或含否定含意时, 常用if或whether是否当从句意思不完整时, 连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词;表语从句在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句,位于主句系动词的后面;表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同;也是名词性从句的一种;What the police want to know is when you entered the room.警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间;The trouble is that we are short of funds困难是我们缺乏资金;This is what we should do这是我们应当做的;That is why I want you to work there那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因;His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有; 从句中的疑问句用正常语序,即陈述语序;as if, as though, because也可用来引导表语从句;She seems as if she had done a great thing她看起来好像做了一件大事;It is because you eat too much那是因为你吃得太多了;状语从句一状语从句的种类1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句；3.原因状语从句；4.条件状语从句；5.目的状语从句；6.让步状语从句；7比较状语从句；8.程度状语从句；9.方式状语从句；10.结果状语从句;二状语从句的时态一般情况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”,用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”;1时间状语从句1.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句;when, while和as的区别：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词;并且when有时表示“就在那时”;While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的,并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生或者相对应;并且while有时还可以表示对比;While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.As表示“一边……一边”,as引导的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后;As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时,开始下雪了;as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生,而不强调开始下雪的特定时间2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句;before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语,并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后,有时译成“就,才”; 时态：当主句用将来时,从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时,则主句动词多用过去完成时,这样以便体现动作发生的先后;After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后;主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反;3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句;till和until一般情况下两者可以互换,但是在强调句型中多用until;并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时,必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表达的意思不同;4.由since引导的时间状语从句;since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词;一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时;但在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中,主句多用一般现在时;5.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语从句;这些连词都表示“一……就”;hardlyscarcely, rarely…when / before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意;主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时;当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时,主句应用倒装语序;6.由by the time引导的时间状语从句;时态的变化：在一般情况下,如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果从句的谓语动词用一般现在时,主句的谓语动词用将来完成时;7.由each time, every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句;8.由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句;这两个连词表示“只要；和…一样长”;2地点状语从句地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导,已经形成了固定的句型,：句型1：Where＋地点从句,there＋主句;此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时,there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时,一般都不用there;句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句,＋主句;状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当,来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等;状语从句都由从属连词引导,与主句连接,放在句末时,一般不在前面加逗号;3原因状语从句： because, since, as和for都表示原因;because语势最强,回答why提出的问题,用来说明人所不知的原因;当能够很明显的看出原因或人们已知原因,就用as或since;由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替;但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for;4目的状语从句：表示目的状语的从句可以由in order that, so that,等词引导;5结果状语从句：结果状语从句常由so...that 或 such...that引导,首先要了解so和such后面分别跟什么词;such是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词;so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用,形成固定搭配;The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.6让步状语从句：是由though, although 引导的状语从句;。
英语三大从句的连接词
英语三大从句：名词从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句、状语从句一、引导名词从句的连词从属连词that（可用于所有名词从句，一般可省略）、是否whether，if;疑问连词what, which, who/whom/whose;疑问副词when, where, why, how ——带特殊疑问句，陈述句语序（主+谓）、带不定式复合关系代词whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however——无论……二、定语从句引导词关系代词:人who (whom whose[后带名词])；事物which（必须的两种情况：有逗号，有介词）、that、as (such… as…，the same as…, 或者如…：与know, see, report, expect, hear，think, hope, wish, like, want, need 等词连用，一般在句首或者做插入语);关系副词when, where, why ——相当于介词+ which关系形容词whose[后带名词]三、带状语从句的连接词：because[biˈkɔz; (uS) biˈkɔːz] conj. 因为as[əz, æz] ad.& conj.像……一样；如同；因为prep. 作为，当做since [sins]ad. 从那时以来conj. 从…以来，…以后，由于prep. 从…以来for [fə(r), fɔː(r)] prep. 为了…；向…，往…；与…交换；防备…；适合…；因为…；在…期间；对于…；对…来说conj. 因为，由于so [səʊ]ad. 如此，这么；非常；同样conj. 因此，所以so that 以便；所以so…that…such… that…now that 既然；由于in order thatConsidering考虑到（一般在句首）Given 考虑到,鉴于（一般在句首）after[ˈɑːftə(r)]r ad. 在后；后来prep. 在…之后；在后面conj. 在…以后before[biˈfɔː(r)] prep. 在…以前；在…前面ad. 以前conj. 在…之前till [til] conj.& prep.直到,直到…为止until [ʌnˈtil] prep.& conj.直到…为止once [wʌns]n& ad. 一次,一度,从前conj. 一旦while [wail; (uS) hwail] conj.在…的时候,和…同时n 一会儿，一段时间when [wen] conj. 当…的时候ad. 什么时候，何时but [bət, bʌt] conj. 但是，可是prep. 除了, 除……外whatever [wɔtˈevə(r)] conj. & pron无论什么，不管什么however [haʊˈevə(r)] ad. 可是conj. 然而，可是，尽管如此whenever [wenˈevə(r)] conj. 每当，无论何时wherever [weərˈevə(r)] conj. 无论在哪里although[ɔːlˈðəʊ] conj. 虽然，尽管though[ðəʊ] conj. 虽然，可是even though 虽然，即使unless [ʌnˈles] conj. 如果不，除非or [ə(r), ɔː(r)] conj. 或；就是；否则that[ðæt] a.& pron那，那个conj. 那，那个（引导宾语从句等）ad. 那么，那样whether [ˈweðə(r); (uS) ˈhweðər] conj. 是否if [if] conj.如果,假使,是否,是不是provided that 如果；条件是(一般在句首)assuming that 假定…(一般在句首)or [ə(r), ɔː(r)] conj. 或；就是；否则either [ˈaiðə(r)] a. 两方任一方的；二者之一conj. 二者之一；要么……nor[nɔː(r)] conj. 也不neither conj. 也不；既不and[ænd] conj. 和；又；而[ənd,]than[ðen, ðæn] conj. 比even if 即使；虽然as if 犹如，好似as long as 只要；和…一样长so long as 只要英文连接词像胶水一样将相关联的句子连接起来,所以又被称为“胶水词”，胶水词就像英语的骨架一样重要，学会了胶水词，同时拥有词组的累积，你就可以轻松灵活的造出任何需要的长句，让你的英文交流如鱼得水。
高中英语主语从句
高中英语主语从句主语从句，在英语语法中，是一个句子作为主语，它可以是陈述句、疑问句或者是特殊疑问句。
这种从句在高考英语中占据了重要的地位，因此，理解和掌握主语从句的用法对于高中生来说至关重要。
我们要理解什么是主语从句。
主语从句就是一个句子在复合句中充当主语，例如：What he said is not true.在这个句子中，“What he said”就是一个主语从句。
主语从句有三种类型：陈述句、疑问句和特殊疑问句。
陈述句作为主语从句时，通常以that引导，例如：That he will come to the party is certain.疑问句作为主语从句时，通常以whether或what引导，例如：Whether he can come is still a question.特殊疑问句作为主语从句时，通常以who、what、which等引导，例如：Who will come is not clear.在理解了主语从句的基本概念和类型之后，我们还需要掌握如何正确使用主语从句。
使用主语从句时，需要注意以下几点：主语从句的引导词要使用正确；主语从句的时态要和主句保持一致；主语从句的语序要使用陈述句语序。
除了正确使用主语从句，我们还需要理解主语从句的省略情况。
在某些情况下，主语从句可以省略掉that，例如：It is certn (that) he will come.这种情况下，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that he will come。
高中英语主语从句是一个重要的语法知识点，需要我们熟练掌握并正确运用。
只有通过不断的练习和学习，我们才能在高考中取得优异的成绩。
（2）主语从句一般用什么引导词？引导词在从句中担任什么成分？（3）主语从句的时态有什么特殊之处？请举例说明。
（4）主语从句与宾语从句、表语从句有什么异同点？通过预习题，我们对主语从句有了初步的了解。
接下来，我们将深入学习主语从句的构成、用法以及与其他从句的区别。
从句连接词的区别
从句连接词的区别名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组。
在句中作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
因此，主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句通称为名词性从句。
连接词有什么区别呢?下面就跟着店铺一起来看看吧。
名词性从句的连接词通常分为三类第一类连接词在名词性从句中，不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
这类连接词有：that, if, whether, as if, as though等。
例如：When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. 当铅笔一部分放进水里时，看起来好像断了似的。
第二类连接词在名词性从句中，作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语。
这类连接词有：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, whose等。
这类连接词称之为连接代词。
例如：Here are the chairs. Tell me which are worth buying. 就是这些椅子。
告诉我买哪几把好。
第三类连接词在名词性从句中，作状语。
这类连接词有：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why等。
这类连接词称之为连接副词。
例如：The students asked the teacher when the examination was going to be held. 学生们问老师什么时候举行考试。
名词性从句中常用连接词的区别what与that 的区别1. what引导名词性从句时，在从句中通常作主语或宾语，有时作表语或宾语补足语。
表示“……的东西、……的事情、……的话、……的时间、……的地方、……的人、所谓的……、……样子等”。
而that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何含义，只起连接作用。
主语从句和同位语从句的区别_文档_(2)
定语从句同位语从句和主语从句的区别一.引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as；关系副词有when, where, why。
关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。
关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。
关系代词的选用，受下列条件的制约：(1) 要看先行词是指人还是指物，(2) 要看关系代词在从句中句法功能，(3) 要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的。
指人指物指人或指物主语who which that宾语whom which that谓语whose whose (of which)That 只能用在限定性定语从句中，而who, whom, which, which 既可用于限定性定语从句中，也可用于非限定性定语从句。
I know that he is a man who means what he says. =I know that he is a man that means what he says. 【我知道他是一个守信用的人。
】The gentleman whom she met addressed her with courtesy. =The gentleman （that）she met addressed her with courtesy. 【她遇到的那位先生很有礼貌地向她打了招呼。
】The watch which was lost has been found. =The watch that was lost has been found. 【丢了的表找到了。
】You are the only one whose advice he might listen to. 他也就是听你的话吧。
关系副词的选用相对来说比较简单，如果先行词是表示时间的名词，如time, day 等，则用when, 如先行词为表示地点的名词，如place, house, area 等等，则选用where。
大一英语语法从句知识点
大一英语语法从句知识点语法从句在英语语法中扮演着重要的角色，能够丰富句子的结构和意义。
掌握好语法从句的使用方法可以提高我们的写作和口语表达能力。
本文将介绍几个大一英语学习过程中常见的语法从句知识点，并详细讲解其用法和例句。
一、名词性从句名词性从句可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
常见的名词性从句有：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1. 宾语从句宾语从句通常作为主句的宾语，用来回答“what, where, when, why, how”等疑问词。
宾语从句的引导词有：that, whether/if及连接代词和连接副词。
例句：I don't know where he went yesterday.（我不知道他昨天去哪儿了。
）He asked me if I could help him with the project.（他问我是否能帮他完成这个项目。
）2. 主语从句主语从句位于句子主语的位置，引导词常常是“what, who, which, whether”等。
例句：What he said is true.（他所说的是真的。
）Whether we can go camping depends on the weather.（我们是否能去野营取决于天气。
）3. 表语从句表语从句用来解释或说明主语的身份、特征、状态等。
常用的引导词有：that, whether, who, which等。
例句：The important thing is that you are safe.（重要的是你平安。
）The question is whether he will come to the party.（问题是他是否会来参加聚会。
）4. 同位语从句同位语从句用来对某个名词或代词进行解释或说明。
常用引导词为：that, who, what等。
例句：The news that he passed the exam made us happy.（他通过了考试的消息让我们很高兴。
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一、表语从句
1.定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2.构成：关联词+简单句
3.引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
（1）从属连词that. 如：The trouble is that I have lost his address.
（2）从属连词whether，as，as if. 如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before.
【注意】：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句。能跟表语从句的
谓语动词一般为系动词。
（3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever
连接副词 where，when，how，why.
如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.
The question is how he did it.
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.
【注意】：①.连词because可引导表语从句。如：I think it is because you are doing too much.
②.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+
动词原形表示，should可省略。 如：My suggestion is that we （should）go.
二、主语从句
1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2.构成：关联词+简单句
3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类：
（1）从属连词that. 如：That they were sisters was clear from the resemblance between them.
（2）从属连词whether. 如：Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.
（3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever
连接副词 where，when，how，why.
如：What she did is not yet known.
How this happened is not clear to anyone.
Whoever comes is welcome.
Wherever you are is my home —— my only home.
【注意】：主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
A . It+ be+形容词（obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，
possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.）+that从句。
如：It is probable that he told her everything.
B. It+ be+名词词组（no wonder，an honor，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，
etc.）+that从句。
如：It’s a pity that we can’t go.
C. It+ be+过去分词（said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，
arranged，etc.）+that从句。
如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.
D. It+ seem，happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。
如：It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。
E. It+ doesn’t matter（makes no difference，etc.） +连接代词或连接副词引起
的主语从句。
如：It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.
G. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
如：How strange it is that the children are so quiet！
四、同位语从句
1.定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact，news，idea，thought，question，reply，report，remark
等，关联词多用从属连词that.
如：They were very much worried the fact that you were sick.
连接代词who，which，what和连接副词where，when，why，how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
It is a question how he did it.
【注意】.一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+
动词原形表示。should可省。如：This is our only request that this （should）be done as soon as
possible.