安徽省淮南市2016高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解摸底精练(1)
- 1 - 安徽淮南市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解摸底精练（1） 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (原创)“Did you come alone or with your parents? ”When Tsinghua University’s new 2013 freshmen arrived on campus late last month, the first question they were faced with at the registration desk was the above. According to statistics, we know that more than half of the 539 students came alone. Chen Jining, president of Tsinghua University, encouraged them to“start this new adventure by standing on your own two feet”. To help freshmen grow up, some universities have thought of new methods. At Tsinghua, for example, freshmen need to register and find their dormitory by themselves. The process requires two to three hours, during which volunteers take parents on a tour of the campus. At Zhejiang University, a banner hanging in the information center says“Parents let go please; let us guide your children. ”“Often parents like to do things or make decisions for their children. In their eyes, children never grow up, ”said Lu Guodong, dean(系主任)of undergraduate studies at Zhejiang University. “But at university, growing up is the goal for all students. Growing up is the biggest success. In China, students grow up too slowly as parents are always in charge. Students never think about what path they should take and why, ”he said. Zhang Yanxue, a senior student studying Chinese language and literature at the Communication University of China, is president of the Self-improvement Society. Although most students can finish the registration process by themselves, their parents usually prefer accompanying them to the university. “This is the third time I’ve welcomed freshmen and I didn’t see much change in that regard, ”Zhang said. “The number of students who came alone is the same as in previous years. ” Sometimes, however, the distance between university and home is so great that many parents are too worried to let their children travel alone. To reassure parents, Renmin University of China introduced a new method. It asks senior students to return to their hometown and accompany freshmen back to the campus. This helps freshmen get used to living independently. - 2 -
“Students should have an independent character and a dream. Learning how to use that independent character to achieve their dreams and finish tasks assigned by the country is very important, ”said Tsinghua University President Chen. 【文章大意】9月第一周, 各大高校已陆续进入开学季。近日, 一些提倡新生独立报到的举措引发公众热议。有人认为这是新生学习独立的第一步, 很有教育意义。 1. How many universities are mentioned in the passage? A. 4. B. 3. C. 5. D. 6. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。第一段中的Tsinghua University; 第二段中的Zhejiang University; 第三段中的the Communication University of China; 第四段中的Renmin University of China。 2. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Tsinghua University has thought of new methods to help freshmen grow up. B. Universities take measures to help freshmen register. C. Universities help freshmen to be independent. D. University students lack independence. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。A项为原文事实; B项以偏概全; D项只是阐述了一个存在的现象和事实; 整篇文章论述了几所大学在开学之初采取各种措施帮助新生提高独立自主的能力, 故C项正确。 3. What is Zhang Yanxue according to the passage? A. Reporter. B. Headmaster. C. Teacher. D. Student. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。通过第三段第一句话可知。 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. University freshmen lack independence. B. Parents do what they can do for their children. C. We should learn to practice our independence in daily life. D. Teachers pay no attention to students’ character training. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。A、B两项只是阐述了一个存在的现象和事实; D项在原文中没有涉及; 只有C项与文章主题一致。 - 3 -
【2014高考英语马鞍山市质量检测】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 My wife Julie and I were out on the road that runs around where we live, when we saw an old worn-out dog stumbling (蹒跚) painfully up the road. We stopped, bent down, talked gently to the dog and patted it. I checked and there was a collar with a phone number. I called but no one answered. The dog was painfully thin. So Julie ran home to get some of our dog’s food while I tried to encourage the dog. After Julie came back, we sat down on the sidewalk while our new friend made short work of the food. Eventually we got her home. After trying for many times we got a response from the number. A lady came around with a bunch of flowers for us. She explained that Tara had been her father’s dog. She was very old and got lost that morning. So, Tara was safely returned home. Here is the truth of the story: Actually Julie and I were out that morning because I was leaving. She was trying to persuade me to come back, but I wasn’t hearing anything that made that sound likely. I was about to turn and go when an old black dog walked between us and almost fell down. Suddenly we had something more important than our problem to worry about. There was a creature in need right before us and we had to work together to help it. We did help it. And here I am writing the story in my own home, in my own family. In the song “Love Is Not a Fight” Warren Barfield talks about marriage. At one point he sings, “And if we try to leave, may God send angels (天使) to guard the door.” Sometimes angels come disguised (伪装) as dogs.
高中英语真题-2016高考英语阅读理解(二轮)摸底选练(2)
2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）摸底选练（2）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Should ecigarettes (electronic cigarettes) be a new choice for the smokers trying to get rid of the habit? Reactions from Ame ricans are mixed.More than half of the people questioned in a survey think ecigarettes should be controlled by the US Food and Drug Administration，but 47 percent believe the ecigarettes should be available to t he smokers who want to quit.“In the hunt for a safer cigarette，ecigarettes are becoming a popular choice among those eithe r trying to quit or looking to replace standard tobacco smoke with an alternative that manufacturers claim to be safer，” Zo gby International，which conducted the survey，said in a statement.About half of the 4,611 adults who took part in the survey had heard about ecigarettes，which are batterypowered，or rechargeable cigarettes that vaporize a liquid nicotine soluti on.They do not produce smoke but a water vapor without smell.Sold mostly on the Internet，ecigarettes were first made in China.Last year the World Health Organization (WHO) warned again st using ecigarettes，saying there was no evidence to prove they were safe or help ed smokers break the habit.The WHO said people who smok e ecigarettes breathe in a fine fog of nicotine into the lungs. Nearly a third of people questioned in the survey think that eci garettes should be allowed in places where smoking is forbidd en，because they don’t produce smoke，but 46 percent disagree.Men who were aware of the availabilit y of ecigarettes were more likely than women to say they sho uld be a choice available to smokers who want to quit.Young people，aged 18－29，and singles were the groups most open to trying ecigarettes.S moking is the single largest cause of preventable death world wide，according to the WHO.26．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A．American smokers ought to try ecigarettes.B．Americans have different opinions about ecigarettes. C．Every kind of cigarettes should be forbidden in .D．Most of the Americans don’t like ecigarettes.27．According to Zogby International，ecigarettes ______. A．are much safer than common cigarettesB．are popular among people who want to quit smoking C．will take the place of traditional cigarettesD．are produced in a safer way by manufacturers 28．What do we know about ecigarettes from the passage? A．Most Americans are familiar with them.B．They are a good choice as there is no nicotine.C．They produce a water vapor that can’t be seen.D．Most people buy them on the Internet.29．What’s the attitude of the WHO towards ecigarettes? A．Negative. B．Supportive.C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent.30．What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A．People can smoke ecigarettes in places where smoking is forbidden.B．Most women agree that ecigarettes should be available to smokers.C．Young adults and singles are the main groups who agree to try ecigarettes.D．The problem of smoking is becoming worse around the world.26．B [细节理解题。
2016高考英语阅读理解二轮精练(30)及(解析)答案
湖北黄冈市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮精练（30）及（解析）答案2016高考训练题。
阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Whenever we turn on the TV or radio, read the newspapers, surf the Internet, we'll be surrounded by the word "diet" everywhere. We have so easily been attracted by the promise of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically（心理上地）and physically.It's obvious that diet products weaken us psychologically. They allow us to jump over the thinking stage that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fat. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word "diet" in food labels.What's more, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves that we don't have to work to get results．Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.As a matter of fact, the danger that diet products bring not only lies in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm they cause. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie. oaly because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products, And they can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are stopping our bodies having basic nutrients. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicalsthat go into diet products are potentially dangerous.Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Think twice before buying diet products. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, 3rd therefore, prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.1. From Paragraph 1，we learn thatA. diet products are in our daily lifeB. people have trouble choosfng diet productsC. people should put up with diet productsD. diet products are misleading people2. The psychological effect of diet products is that people tend toA. hesitate before they enjoy diet foods B, pay attention to their daily dietC. watch their weight rather than their dietD. try out varieties of diet foods3. The underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably meansA. diet products cause no pain B, it costs a lot to.lose weightC. losing weight is effortlessD. diet products are free of fat and calories4．Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such productsA. are over-consumedB. are short of basic nutrientsC. lack chemicalsD. provide too much energy参考答案1—4、DCCB2016高考训练题。
高中英语真题-2016高考英语阅读理解二轮训练(3)_1
2016高考英语阅读理解二轮训练（3）2009年以来，高考英语(福建卷)第二卷第四部分“写作”的第一节为“短文填词”，共设10小题，每小题1分，满分10分，要求考生阅读一篇短文并根据汉语提示、首字母提示或语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上，所填单词要求意义准确、拼写正确。
尽管考生在备考的过程中做了大量的短文填词练习，然而从近五年的高考实践看，考生这一部分的得分率偏低。
那么在复习过程中，如何备考才能提高得分呢？笔者愿以近五年引导学生备考的做法及感悟，与大家分享。
一、再现真题，感悟考点。
(一) 请完成以下三篇短文填词。
(1) 2013(福建卷)短文填词Every individual is a member of a group called the community , and itis the duty of every citizen ask what he can do for his com munity. 76.A good citizen (相信) that he should serve the 77. community and not the community serve h . As students,78.there are many ways in you can serve the community. 79.Above all, however, you have to acquire a certain amount of skill and experience b you can be of service to others. 80.Your school has lots of (活动) which prepare you 81.good citizenship. Many school societies train students 82.to become good citizens who later p in volunteer work 83.and serve the public in t of need. If you serve your commu nity, 84.you will grow to be a good citizen with a strong sense of 85.responsibility.(2) 2012(福建卷)短文填词People often don’t do what they really want to for fear of failure. You don’t apply for a job case you don’t get it. 76.You don’t perform at the school concert b others might 77.laugh at you. A lack of confidence can l to a lot of78.suffering. The key to o this problem is to believe in79.yourself. This might be (容易) said than done, but there 80.are many w to help you do this. Talk about your problem 81.with a friend or look advice on the Internet. Imagine82.yourself being (成功) and practice breathing techniques 83.to keep you calm when you get nervous. And the importan t 84.thing is: believe you can do it. When you’ve (学会) to do 85.that, you are well on your way.(3) 2011(福建卷)短文填词Sport is necessary for everyone. It helps you keep fit. Fitness isi if you want to be healthy throughout your life. The best76.way to keep fit is to get plenty exercise by doing sport. 77.According to (科学家), doing sport can benefit 78.people a lot mentally as well as physically. The sport 79.they do, the happier they will f . Besides, sport can help 80.people develop will and determination. These qualities help p eopleachieve their goals b they will not give up so easily when 81.(面对) difficulties. What’s more, sport builds team spirit, 82.which is good for the whole society. It helps people work (密切) 83.and smoothly and think about , not just themselves. 84.In c , sport is good for your health and happiness, and85.for society.(二) 请核对答案并将自己的答案与正确答案备注。
高中英语真题-2016高考英语二轮完形填空摸底篇(1)
2016高考英语二轮完形填空摸底篇（1） 【山东省枣庄市2014高考英语3月模拟试题】A 完形填空。阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 While many young people were enjoying the final weeks of summer vacation, Zach, Bonner was working his hardest． He started 11 from Valrico, Florida, his hometown, on Christmas, 2009, and stepped over the Los Angeles city line nine months l2 in September, covering a total of 2,478 miles and 13 close to $ 120,000 for kids in need．A1ong the way, Zach attended school online, thanks to his mother, Laurie Bonner, and brother and sister, who l4 walking and driving alongside him． Despite his age, Zach has a long__15 of helping others． When Hurricane Charley hit town in 2004, Zach, then six, pulled a wagon through his neighborhood 16 food for storm victims． Since then, he has raised some $400,000 for his Little Red Wagon Foundation, which gives money to projects helping homeless l7 ，In 2007, Zach began walking to support．a children's charity in Florida, finishing his_18_ 23 days later, 280 miles away in Tallahassee．Then in the summer of 2009, he walked about 670 miles from Atlanta to Washington, D．C．,in just two months． “What, really 19 me going i8 these kids," Zach has said． "They don't have to say, ‘I'm 20 of being homeless．’So why should l get to quit?” 11．A．touring B．walking C．driving D．riding 12．A．ago B．away C．1ater D．over 13．A．raising B．earning C．making D．saving 14．A．put on B．gave up C．set about D．took turns 15．A．impression B．history C．motivation D．attempt 16．A．cooking B．offering C．seeking D．collecting 17．A．patients B．children C．beggars D．women 18．A．distance B．vacation C．movement D．journey 19．A．keeps B．catches C．leaves D．stops 20．A．excited B．fond C．tired D．proud 【参考答案】11—20、BCADB DBDAC
安徽省淮南市2016高考英语二轮复习完形填空摸底训练(4)
安徽淮南市2016高考英语（二轮）完形填空摸底训练（4）完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Florida sun baked my shoulders as I worked along the I-595 freeway near Fort Lauderdale, picking up rubbish. I paused to 36 the sweat off my forehead and look up at the cloudless blue sky." 37 can't it rain?" I thought. Thatwould 38 things down.I thought about my 39 , who were probably sitting in anair-conditioned 40 right now. I'd had some problems in school, 41 my parents decided to let me 42 full-time with my dad, We both worked for my uncle, who had taken 43 of a maintenance（道路养护）company. It was up to us to keep the roads 44 of rubbish. The job was 45 and dirty, especially on hotdays 46 this. I wondered why I ever agreed to do it.We continued our 47 route along the I-595, 48 for the overpass bridge. Then I noticed an area where some 49 were broken on the ground. It wasn't like that before."Dad! Pull over! I want to 50 something out."I jumped off the truck and rushed to the bridge. Something was telling meto 51 …there wasn't much time. 52 I saw a Toyota that 53 upside down in the tree. Maybe it was a stolen car that somebody 54 there, I thought. Then, just at that 55 , I noticed something moving. It was a bloody leg poking out of the driver's side window!"Help!" a lady moaned.36． A．wipe B．cut C．put D．send37． A．When B．How C．WhyD．Where38． A．turn B．keep C．make D．cool 39． A．parents B．school-times C．friends D．school yards40． A．office B．classroom C．restaurant D．living room41． A．but B．or C．for D．so 42． A．work B．study C．stay D．spend43． A．business B．possession C．position D．place44． A．away B．from C．far D．clear 45． A．easy B．lonely C．smelly D．noisy 46． A．for B．like C．after D．as 47． A．regular B．common C．unusual D．normal48． A．reaching B．going C．looking D．heading49． A．cars B．bottles C．branches D．glasses 50． A．check B．help C．take D．bring 51． A．decide B．hurry C．consider D．stop52． A．Above B．Behind C．Ahead D．Below53． A．hung B．trapped C．caught D．fell54． A．stored B．deserted C．lost D．hid55． A．bridge B．tree C．moment D．way【参考答案】完形填空：36-40 ACDCB 41-45 DABDC 46-50 BADCA 51-55 BDABC完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
高中英语真题-2016高考英语二轮阅读理解调研
2016高考英语二轮阅读理解调研2016高考训练题。
阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
I am trying to muster (鼓起) the courage to toss_away my mobile phone to enjoy a mor e peaceful and ring-free life.Can you imagine not having your mobile phone? In our hig h-tech, in-a-hurry age, a cell-free life is a hard concept to swallow. Our mobile phones can now access the Internet, and many people feel the need to e xpress their every thought on their blog pages. If I gave up my cell-phone, people would think I was mad.I wish I had the strength to toss away my technology. I hav e an office phone, a home phone, an e-mail and if people want to contact me, they can. If I'm out, pe ople can leave a message. Do they really need to find me 24/ 7?However, I'm a bit like Frodo in the movie Lord of the Ring s. The power of the ring is too strong and I can't let it go.Mobile phones have become necessary tools in our busy li fe. For most people, they hold all contacts and many of us don't write up address books any more. The latest phones carry our music, pictures, movies and everything else. We feel lost without this device and when we do misplace it, we feel cut o ff from our fellow."Where have you been?" said a friend, who saw me a we ek after I lost my cell-phone, "I tried calling you, but you disappeared. You disapp eared off the face of the Earth." See, when you don't have a mobile phone, you don't exist.I'm not really going to toss my mobile phone away, in fact. We humans are such social animals and mobile phones serv e us well. So in 2009, I've decided not to serve my mobile ph one. Like all machines, I can always turn it off.1. What does the underlined phrase "toss away" mean?A. give awayB. get awayC. break awayD. throw away2. The writer mentions Frodo to________.A. show it is difficult to get rid of the mobile phoneB. show how much he likes FrodoC. suggest a cell-free life is what he wantsD. introduce a film character to us3. What do we know about mobile phones in the 4th paragrap h?A. Mobile phones can do anything for us.B. Mobile phones have become very important in our life.C. We could not live without mobile phones.D. We would be cut off by our fellow without mobile phones.4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The writer is not really going to toss his mobile phone away .B. When you don't have a mobile phone, you don't exist.C. The writer decides not to serve his mobile phone.D. We humans can control ourselves and machines.参考答案1—4、DABD阅读理解。
安徽省淮南市高考英语二轮复习 完形填空摸底训练(2)-人教版高三全册英语试题
安徽淮南市2016高考英语〔二轮〕完形填空摸底训练〔2〕2016高考完形填空选练完型填空。
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最优选项。
One day I was taking a bus. The driver didn't 21 to start the bus soon because it was not yet 22 .A middle-aged woman got on. Tired and sad, she told her story 23 , not to anyone particular. On her way to the station, half of her 24 was stolen. The other half was hidden under her blouse, so she 25 still had some left. A few minutes later, she stopped crying, but still looked 26 .When all the seats were taken, the driver started the engine. The conductor began to collect the fares. When she came to an old man in worn-out clothes, he 27 that he had spent all his money as he accidentally got on a wrong bus and now was trying to go home. On hearing this, she ordered the old man to 28 the bus. The old man was almost in tears as he 29 her to let him take the bus home. The driver took the conductor's side and repeated the conductor's 30 .The woman was watching the incident. 31 the driver and the conductor raised their voices at the old man, she interfered.“Stop 32 him! Can't you see he's only trying to get home〞“He doesn't have any money!〞 the driver 33 .“Well, that's no 34 to throw him off the bus.〞 She insisted.Then she reached inside her blouse, took out her 35 money, and handed it to the conductor. “Here's his fare and mine. Just stop giving him a 36 time.All heads turned to the woman. “It's only money,〞 she shrugged.She rode the rest of her way home37 a happy smile, with the money she'd lost earlier 38 .On the road of life, the help of strangers can 39 our loads and lift our spirits.How much sweeter the 40 will be when we make it a little smoother for others!21. A. try B. intend C. decide D. care22. A. empty B. ready C. crowded D. full23. A. carefully B. seriously C. tearfully D. calmly24. A. money B. possession C. fare D. wealth25. A. strangely B. happily C. fortunately D. secretly26. A. unsatisfied B. weak C. excited D. unhappy27. A. explained B. declared C. admitted D. found28. A. get off B. get over C. get on D. get into29. A. thanked B. scolded C. praised D. begged30. A. command B. action C. suggestion D. request31. A. Unless B. When C. Until D. Although32. A. attacking B. wronging C. blaming D. bothering33. A. warned B. whispered C. repeated D. shouted34. A. problem B. need C. reason D. matter35. A. spending B. lost C. remaining D. borrowed36. A. busy B. hard C. cold D. fearful37. A. giving B. taking C. wearing D. forcing38. A. forgotten B. used C. earned D. returned39. A. move B. increase C. lighten D. carry40. A. world B. journey C. smile D. friendship参考答案21-25 BDCAC 26-30 DAADA 31-35 BDDCC 36-40 BCACB【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(三)】完形填空(共15小题；每一小题2分，总分为30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最优选项。
安徽怀远县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮摸底练习(4)含答案
安徽怀远县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮摸底练习（4）含答案阅读理解(一）Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity。
I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day’s events，feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary。
I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words，but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper.After all，isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past？When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley，well－equipped with pens，a diary，and a camera。
During the trip，I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across.I felt proud to be spending my time productively，dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels.On my last night there，I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand.The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon，and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows.I automatically took out my pen。
安徽怀远县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮摸底练习(3)含答案
安徽怀远县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮摸底练习（3）含答案2016高考训练题-———阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
The Calgary Public Library has some great resources to beat boredom and keep your children busy over the summer，whether at home or on the road．During the school year children are busy with homework and required reading，so summer is a great time for them to relax and read what they choose。
Not only is reading a pleasurable way to pass the time，it will also help children keep their skills up over the summer，so they are prepared to go back to school in the fall．If you are taking a trip this summer，why not let the kids help out with the planning？Borrow a children's atlas （地图集）to choose your way together and check out some books about your destination before departure。
The All about Provinces and Territories series is full of interesting facts about each Canadian province．Going camping？How about taking along some scary stories to tell around the campfire？Alvin Schwarz's collections of Scary Tales to Tell inthe Dark are sure to make your spine tingle and your teeth chatter。
安徽省淮南市高考英语二轮复习 完形填空摸底训练(5)-人教版高三全册英语试题
安徽淮南市2016高考英语〔二轮〕完形填空摸底训练〔5〕阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C、和D〕中，选出可以填入空白处的最优选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Learning theorists emphasize the role of environmental influences in shaping the way a person develops.In their view, child development is __36__ by both planned and __37__ learning experiences in the home, peer group, school, and community.Therefore, childhood growth is significantly __38__ by the efforts of parents, teachers, and others to __39__ children in desirable ways.According to learning theories, the same __40__ that explain how people can use a bicycle or computer also explain how children acquire social skills, emotional self-control, reasoning strategies, and the __41__ skills of walking and running.One kind of learni ng occurs when a child’s actions are __42__ by a reward or punishment.A reward increases the probability that behavior will be repeated.For example, a young child may __43__ draw pictures because she receives praise from her parents after __44__ each one.A punishment decreases the probability that behavior will be repeated.For example, a child who touches a hot stove and burns his fingertips is not __45__ to touch the stove again.__46__ kind of learning, classical conditioning, occurs when a person makes a __47__ association between two events.For example, babies begin sucking when they are put in a familiar nursing __48__, children fear dogs whose barking has startled them in the past.A third kind of learning consists of imitating the __49__ of others.A boy may acquire his father’s __50__ of tal king, his mother’s tendency to roll her eyes, and his favorite basketball player’s __51__ on the court.In doing so, he also acquires __52__ about the consequences of these behaviors.Learning theories provide extremely useful ways of understanding how developmental changes in behavior and thinking __53__ and, for some children, why behavior problemsarise.These theories can be studied scientifically and practically applied.Critics point out, __54__, that learning theorists sometimes neglect children’s __55__ role in their own understanding and development.36. A.equipped B.preserved C. guided D.simplified37.A.unintended B.uninvolved C.undiscovered D.unlimited38.A.achieved B.created C.developed D.shaped39.A.moralize B.recognize C.socialize D.standardize40.A.considerations B.instructions C.principles D.tendencies41.A.physical B.personal C.original D.technical42.A.directed B.followed C.pursued D.tracked43.A.continuously B.immediately C.occasionally D.regularly44.A pleting B.providing C.handling D.obtaining45.A.reliable B.likely C.possible D.ready46.A.Another B.Next C.One D.Other47.A.emotional B.intellectual C.mental D.spiritual48.A.condition B.location C.position D.situation49.A.attitude B.behavior C.clothes D.manners50.A.custom B.means C.type D.style51.A. approaches B. moves C. controls D. gestures52.A. expressions B.experiences C.explorations D.expectations53.A.appear B. insert C.exist D.occur54.A.otherwise B.however C.moreover D.therefore55.A.active B.systematic C.positive D.social【参考答案】完形填空36-40 CADCC 41-45 ABDAB 46-50 ACCBD 51-55 BDDBA【某某市2014高考英语综合能力测试题〔9〕】完形填空〔共15小题；每一小题2分，总分为30分〕阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最优选项。