as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别作者：董军权
来源：《广东教育·高中》2013年第11期
在教学实践中，尤其在批改作文中笔者发现，有的学生对as与which引导非限制性定语从句的用法模棱两可，含混不清。
下面从两者的用法区别展开说明，以便正确地使用。
1. 从指代的异同来说，as指代整个句子；which指代整个句子或者主句中的某个成分。
如：
She is not unconscious，as can be judged from her eyes.她并未失去知觉，这从她的眼睛里可以看出。
（as指代整个句子）
Mother always asked him to study hard，which helped him a lot. 他妈妈总是让他刻苦学习，这一点对他帮助很大。
（which指代整个句子）
The house， which was built fifty years ago， stood still in the earthquake. 这所建造于50多年前的房子，在地震中依然耸立着。
（which指代具体的先行词）
2. 就主句与从句的位置关系来说，as引导的从句可放在主句的前面或者主句的后面；which引导的从句只能放在主句的后面。
如：
As everybody knows， knowledge is power. 众所周知，知识就是力量。
Knowledge is power， as everybody knows.众所周知，知识就是力量。
Knowledge is power， which is accepted widely all over the world.知识就是力量，这一点世界公认。
3. 从意义上来说，as意为“正如，像，由……而知”； which意为“这就使得，这一点”。
如：
He is a great hero， as is described in the report.正如在报道中描述的一样，他是一个伟大的英雄。
Her role in the performance was spoken highly of， which made her proud.她在表演中的角色受到高度表扬，这使她很欣慰。
4. 从句式上来说，as只能用于肯定句（意料之中的）；which可用于肯定句或者否定句（出乎意外的）。
如：
He failed the exam this time，as/which we had expected. 他这次考试没及格，正如我们所预料的/这一点我们已经预料到了。
He failed the exam this time，which we hadn’t expected. 他这次考试没及格，这一点我们没想到。
5.从是否可以省略be动词来说，as从句be动词可以省略；which从句be动词不可以省略。
如：
As （was） planned， we met at the school gate.按照计划，我们在校门口相见。
Jane told me she won the match， which was a lie.简告诉我说她赢了这场比赛，这是个谎言。
6. 从关系代词前是否有介词来说， as前不能有介词；which前可以有介词。
如：
We lost many chances，to which we paid little attention.我们失去了很多机会，这些机会我们基本没有留意到。
I bought a great many books， on which I spent all my money that I saved.我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。
The book is very interesting，as most readers say.正如大多数读者所说的那样，这本书很有趣。
There was a bookstore around here， as I remember.我记得过去这儿附近有一家网吧。
注意：在图表或者看图作文中，经常用as引导的定语从句。
下面总结了一些常用结构，以飨读者。
As can be seen from the picture， oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.正如我们从图上所看到的那样，大洋占了地球的70%还多。
As the above pictures show， students in my class have different dreams for their future.如上图所示，我们班同学对自己的未来有着不同的梦想。
As is known to us all， the whole world is facing a severe water shortage because of the growing population and our waste of water. 众所周知，由于人口的不断增长和人类的浪费，全世界正面临严重的水资源缺乏问题。
As may be imagined， what matters is not that we are growing older but our attitude towards life.可以想象得出，起作用的不是我们慢慢变老，而是我们对生活的态度。
As has been pointed out， it is high time for us all to take quick action to protect water resources.正如所指出的这样，现在正是我们采取行动保护水资源的时候了。
As has been pointed out， only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.正如所指出的这样，只有用这种方法，我们才能生活在一个舒适和美丽的环境中。
以上是通过例句的形式，分析了as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别。
在平时的学
习中留意收集由这两个词引导的非限制性定语从句，总结归纳，发现规律，灵活掌握其用法。
（作者单位：肇庆中学）
责任编校蒋小青。
定语从句中关系代词as与which的用法
学法新探关系代词as与which在定语从句中有时可以相互替换，但又有不同之处，稍不留心，极易使用不当，出现差错。
对此，笔者剖析了关系代词as与which在定语从句中的用法，以期能够帮助同学们准确把握和运用。
一、关系代词as与which在限制性定语从句中的用法关系代词as、which均可以用于限制性定语从句中，有时可以相互替换，但两者仍有着一定的差异，具体体现在：（1）当定语从句中的先行词为某物，且先行词前面有so,such,the same，as many/much等修饰语时，则只能用as引导限制性定语从句，不能用which引导。
比如：①It’s the same book as I bought yesterday.这本书和我昨天买的一样。
（不能用which代替as）②HongKong is so prosperous a city as is referred to as a shop-ping paradise.香港是一个繁荣的城市，被称为购物天堂。
(不能用which代替as)③These housed are sold atsuch a low price as people expected.这些房子按人们预料的那样低价出售了。
(不能用which代替as)（2）当先行词是表示某物的名词或代词时，且在从句中又做介词宾语时，则不可以用as引导限制性定语从句，只能用which引导限制性定语从句。
如：①Thisis the good car on which I spent all my money.这是我花了所有钱买的那辆好车。
（不能用as代替which）③This is the knife with which we cut the bread.这是我们切面包用的刀。
（不能用as代替which）③There is amountain of which the top is always covered with snow.有一座山顶总是覆盖着雪的山。
高中英语一轮复习语法专题：as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别专练
高中英语一轮复习语法专题：as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别专练一、单选题1.—Hello, is Mr. Smith in?—Sorry, there is ______person ______ you referred to in my office.A. such no; thatB. such no; whomC. no such; whoD. no such; as2.Shenzhou I, ________ many of you are old enough to remember, was launched in November, 1999.A. whatB. thatC. asD. one3.____is known to all, good friends _________ happiness and value to life.A. It; addB. As; addC. It; add upD. As; add tost night I saw a film, _____ was about the wild animals.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom5.（2015·浙江）Creating an atmosphere ________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.A. asB. whoseC. in whichD. at which6.（2015·湖南）It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A. asB. whereC. thatD. which7.The air quality in the city, ________ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.A. itB. thatC. whichD. as8.______ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A. ItB. ThatC. WhatD. As9.__________ has already been pointed out, grammar is not a set of dead rules.A. ItB. WhichC. AsD. What10.___________ is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What11.（2015.江苏）The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.A. itB. whichC. whatD. as12.__________ is known to us, the PRC was founded on October 1, 1949.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What13.____is known to us all, April 14, 2010 was the day when Yushu earthquake happened.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. Who14.________ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It15.— Dad, let's go white—water rafting!— Ok. But equip yourself first. It is not such an easy job _____it looks.A. asB. whichC. thatD. what16.They have finished the work by themselves, ________ I told you.A. whatB. asC. thatD. when17.My grandfather is fond of talking about the good old days, ___ is often the case with old people.A. whichB. whenC. asD. it18._____ we all know, the Amber Room was missing.A. AsB. ItC. WhichD. That19.There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A. asB. thatC. whenD. where20.Do not talk about such things ________ you do not understand.A. thatB. whichC. asD. where21.I want to use the same tools________ used in your factory a few days ago.A. as wasB. which wereC. as wereD. which22.Due to the rising rents, the new graduate has decided to leave Beijing for his hometown, have many other classmates.A. soB. asC. whichD. nor23.He is such a person always helps others without claiming a reward, makes him popular in the community.A. that; thatB. that; whichC. which; whichD. as; which24.He is good at English, we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. which25.A lot of language learning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A. asB. itC. whichD. this二、语法填空26.The number of smokers, ________is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.27.There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.28.________ was reported in the paper, no people died in the accident.29.________ is shown in the story, she is very clever.30.The sun heats the earth, ________makes it possible for plants to grow.31.Don't talk about such things________you are not sure of.32.He changed his mind again, ________ made us all angry.33.________ is often the case, she arrived at the school first.34.________ we all know, Mo Yan is a famous writer.35.There is a net bar around here, ________ I remember.答案解析部分一、单选题1.【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：—你好，Smith先生在吗？—抱歉，在我们办公室里没有你说的这样一个人。
as与which引导非限定性定语从句用法
as与whi ch引导非限定性定语从句用法首先，as和whi c h都可以表示主句在意义上的连贯，在从句中作主语，或用作及物动词的宾语，如：一、 as, which指代整个句子或短语。
由 as, which引导的非限定性定语从句，相当于and th is 或and that 。
在很多时候，表示说话人对话语的看法或态度，此时它们的先行词并不是具体的某个词，而是整个句子或短语：He was late for school， as/whichwas usualwith him ．他上学迟到，这是家常便饭。
He marrie d her，which／as was natura l．I was very helpfu l to him，which/ as he realiz ed．二．as含有正如、按照、正像之意，as一般用在肯定句中，而whi ch则多用于含否定意义的句子中，如：As our teache r points out，that book is of benefi t to everyo ne．Heat is a form of energy，as is knownto all of us．This machin e，as might be expect ed，has stoppe d operati ng．He failed in the exam again，as was expect ed．He failed in the exam again，whichw as unexpected．（此处不可用as ）as 所引导的从句所表达的语意须和主句一致，而 which则无此限制。
三．as 常与从句中的know ，see ，hear ， expect等动词连用，也常用于 as oftenhappen s ，as is oftenthe case （常有的事）等句子中。
高中英语定语从句 --- As 和which 引导定语从句精讲精练
关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。
具体情况是：1. As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。
He was honest, as/which we can see.as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思which 指代整个句子不可置于句首只能位于主句后。
1. They d idn’t come to school on time, which made the teacher angry.2. The sports meeting was put off, which astonished (吃惊）us greatly.3. His father died last year, which made it impossible for him to go to school.4. He didn’t pass the exam, which disappointed his parents.as 引导定语从句，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中和句末。
As we all know, China is a developing country.The number of the visitors, as we had expected, was over 200.China is a great country with a long history, a s is known to all.注意:当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时,主句与从句有因果或并列，从句谓语动词是“系动词+adj" 使用whichOur class has won the volleyball match, which is inspiring.Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad. Tom突然病倒，这使得我们很伤心。
as的非限制性定语从句
导语：以下是店铺精⼼为⼤家整理的有关as的⾮限制性定语从句的⽰例，希望对⼤家有所帮助，欢迎阅读。
⾮限制性定语从句： 即⾮限定性定语从句，起补充说明作⽤，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，在⾮限定性定语从句的前⾯往往有逗号隔开，如若将⾮限定性定语从句放在句⼦中间，其前后都需要⽤逗号隔开。
由as, which 引导的⾮限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。
As⼀般放在句⾸，which在句中。
as引导的⾮限制性定语从句 as引出⾮限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进⾏说明但通常⽤于像as we all know, as it is known, as is known to all, as it is, as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。
as在⾮限定性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，且引出的'从句位置⽐较灵活，可位于句⾸或句末，也可置于主句中间。
通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。
as有“正如……，就像……”之意。
如：As is known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American writer. 美国⼈都知道，马克·吐温是⼀位伟⼤的美国作家。
（as在从句中作主语） He is absorbed in work, as he often was. 他正在全神贯注地⼯作，他过去经常这样。
（as在从句中作表语） As we all know, the earth is round. 众所周知，地球是圆的。
（as在从句中作宾语） 使⽤规则及注意事项： 1、which引导的⾮限定性定语从句是⽤来说明前⾯整个句⼦的情况或主句的某⼀部分。
as和which引导的定语从句的用讲解
1.as引导定语从句的用法关系代词即可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性从句，as在从句中做主语，并与或表语。
1)Such +名词+as… (像…一样…/像…之类)The same +名词+as (和…同样的)These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.(as作宾语)He is not the same man as he was. (作表语)We have found the same materials as are used in their factory. (做主语)2)Such …as引导的定语从句与such…that引导的状语从句的区别He is such a naughty boy as everyone dislikes.He is such a naughty boy that everyone dislikes him.3)结构such as中such作代词，意为“这样的人或事”，as在从句中做成分，修饰先行词。
This book is not such as I expect. (这不是我想要的书)He is such as you can’t rely on.2.As和which引导定语从句的区别1）as的用法：①在从句中通常做主语代指整个主句，②表示的意思是正如，正像③其引导的定语从句即可以放在主句之前也可以放在主句之后。
As we expect, we won the game.（正如我们预料的一样，我们赢了）。
The Pacific is the largest ocean, as we all know.The earth is round, as we all know.（正如我们所知到的一样地球是圆的）As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.2）which的用法：①关系代词，在从句中做主语或宾语，代指人或事。
as在定语从句的用法
as在定语从句的用法as 在定语从句的用法英语是一种西日耳曼语支，最早被中世纪的英国使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。
下面是店铺为大家整理的as 在定语从句的用法，欢迎阅读与收藏。
as 在定语从句的用法1一、as引导定语从句与其它词连用A．用于the same．．．as．．．结构中This is the same sickle as I lost yesterday．这把镰刀和我昨天丢的那把一样。
We drove out of the town by the same road as we had entered by．我们沿着进城的同一道路开车出城。
This is the same material as is used in building the bridge．这和建那座桥所用的材料一样。
注意：在这一结构中，as有时可以由that代替。
例如：I live in the same district as ／that he lives in．我和他住在同一区。
但两者亦有区别：1．当定语从句省略谓语部分时，要用as。
例如：She uses the same scent as you（do）／that you do．她用的香水和你的一样。
This book of his is the same as yours．他的这本书和你的那本一样。
2．在容易引起歧义时，慎用as和that。
例如：This is the same knife as I lost last week．（一般理解为：这把刀和我上周丢的那把相似。
也可理解为：这是我上周丢的那把刀。
）This is the same knife that I lost last week．这是我上周丢的那把刀。
3．that在现代英语中可作关系副词，而as则不可。
例如：I live in the same district that he lives．（不可用as。
A定语从句which与that,as和which
定语从句中which和that的区别只能用that的情况：<1>关系代词在定语从句中作表语（或先行词在主句中做表语），不管是人或物只能用that。
He is not the man that he was when I first saw him.【他现在不是我第一次见他时那样的。
】<2>当先行词即指物又指人时，多用that引导定语从句。
Look at the girl and the dog that are crossing the street.【瞧正在过马路的那个女孩和那只狗。
】<3>当先行词是有生命的动物或人时，宜使用that而不是which。
1.What's the name of the animals that jumps about?【四处蹦跳的动物叫什么名字？】2.Who is the girl that talked to you yesterday?【昨天和你说话的女孩儿是谁？】<4>当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that，而不能用which。
This is the most interesting book that I've ever read.【这是我所读过的最有趣的书。
】<5>当先行词被something,anything,nothing,everything all,little,much, the one,none等时，引导定语从句多用关系代词that。
1.The goverment has promised to do all that lies in its power to alleviate the hardships of people.【政府承诺尽其一切力量减轻人民的苦难。
】2.When we see anything that happen on the island, we're so glad. 【当我们看到岛上发生的事情，我们都如此兴奋。
as和which在非限制性定语从句中的区别
从句 ， 既可放 在主句前 又可置 于主甸 后 ， 有时
语从句只能置 于主 句之后 。例如： Ｆｅ ｗ ａｈｒｔ ｎｄ ｏｔｔ ｂ ｅ ｏｄ ｈ ｅｔｅ ｕ ｅ ｕ ｏ ｅ ｖｒ ｇｏ ， ｒ ｙ
ｗ ｉ ａ ｏｅｔａ ｅｃｕｄｅｐ ｃ ｈｃ ｗ ｓｍ ｒ ｎｗ ｏ ｌ ｘ ｅｔ ｈ ｈ ．
《 新课程 》
２１年１ 月２ 日 ００ ０ ８
ａ ｗ ｉ Ｓ 和 ｈｃ ｈ在菲限制牲定语从甸 中的区别
⑩ 山东省滨州市无棣县第二高级 中学 王艳霞
在非 限制性定 语从句 中 ａ 和 ｗ ｉｈ是经 ｓ ｈｃ
句 ， 当于 ａｄｔｉ或 ｍｉ ｔａ， 相 ｎ ｓ ｈ ｄ ｈｔ但它 们还是有 各 自的使用规则 ， 有所 区别 。．
结果天气非常好 ， 一 这一 点我们没自料 到。
ｂ ｎ ｏｎｅ ｅａｎ ｕｃｄ等 。如果从句是 主动语态 ， 一般 Ａ Ｕｌｅｓ ｎ （ ） 如所看ｊ 去的。 ｓ Ｉ ｒｔ ｄ ｉ Ｉ ｄ ａ ｔ －
薪 淼背景 审小学莅 寅教师培 ｉ 『 实效悭握 喜对策 篇
⑩ 江西 省德 兴市教 师进 修学校
、
而政府 对这些 教 师本 身的学 习进修思 想业务 其他举办教 师教 育的高校 和教 育机构为 主涔 ，
的提高义缺乏相应 的机制和办法 ， 队伍建设 汁 以高水平大学为先导 和核心 ， 区域教师 学习与 资源中心为支撑 ， 中小学校 奉研修 为基础 ， 职前
２改革培训方式 ， 。 更新培 圳内容 二、 中小学在 岗教师培训 存在的 问题原 因 职后教育一体化的体系。 ｌ 师教 育资源整合不够 ， 自为政 嫩 各
一
Ａ ｎ ｗ ｖｕｂｄ ， ｈ ｌ ｎｔ ｖｌ 用 ｗ ｉ ｓ ｓ ｏ ｎｔ ｅｅ ｏ ｙ ｔｅｎｏ ａｅｓ ｉｋ ｏ ｏ ｒ ｈ ｈ作 主语 ，如 ：ｈ ａ ｂ ｅ ｂｅｔａ ｃ Ｓ ｅｈｓ ｅｎａ ｓｎ 一 ｇｉ，ｓｉｅ ｐｃ ｄ ａｎａ ｘ ｅｔ ． ｓ ｅ
which和as的用法归纳及比较
which和as的用法归纳及比较一、which引导名词从句的用法比较which作为连接代词，可以引导名词从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语等语法成分。
that在引导名词从句时，只起连接主句和从句的作用，其本身没有任何含义，不翻译。
例如：（1）Which is better depends on these two clothes’ quality.（2）That Tony can’t swim is unbelievable.（3）I don’t know w hich I should choose，because the red andthe yellow are both beautiful.（4）I think that you can do it better.从例句中我们可以看到，which和that都可以引导主语从句和宾语从句，但是在（1）句和（3）句中which在从句中分别作了主语和宾语成分，而在（2）句和（4）句中that在从句中不作任何成分，只起到连接主句和从句的作用。
二、which引导定语从句的用法比较which作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，在从句中可以代替物作主语和宾语等语法成分。
例如：（5）This is the book which/that I bought last week.（6）The clothes，which are over there，seem to have a goodquality.从（5）句和（6）句中我们可以看到which可以引导限制性和非限制性定语从句，并分别在句中作宾语和主语成分。
一般情况下，that和which在引导定语从句中代替物时可以互用，但以下情况一般要用which：非限制性定语从句中关系代词一般要用which；关系代词前如有介词、关系代词须用which，如把介词移至动词后，可用that（或省略）；如果先行词是that，关系代词应用which；如先行词和定语从句之间被其它较长的成分分隔，常用which；在“those+复数形式的名词”结构中，其后的关系代词多用which；一个句子中如有两个定语从句，第一个定语从句用了关系代词that，第二个从句中的关系代词宜用which。