同等学力2018年考试必备历年试题及答案汇总考试必备5.17更新
2008 年 4 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 行政管理学 一、单项选择题(本大题共 25 小题，每小题 1 分，共 25 分) 1.行政管理学的创始人是( C ) A. 韦伯 B.法约尔 C.威尔逊 D.雷格斯 2.提出著名的“三权分立”或称“分权制衡”原则的是( A ) A. 孟德斯鸠 B.洛克 C.古立克 D.亚里士多德 3.早期的行政管理学研究的重点是组织结构和程序，其理论的逻辑起点是( D ) A.“自然人”假设 B.“社会人”假设 C.“自由人”假设 D.“经济人”假设 4.与行政系统的产生与发展过程关系最为密切、影响最为直接的行政环境类型是( D ) A.政治环境 B.经济环境 C.文化环境 D.社会环境 5.雷格斯对各国社会环境进行分类的标准是( D ) A.经济体制 B.科技发展水平 C.经济力量 D.社会分工与专业化发展程度 6.国家行政权力的直接目的是( B ) A.公共利益 B.行政效率 C.国家意志 D.党派利益 7.行政权力合法性的基础是( C ) A.权威性 B.强制性 C.公共性 D.程序性 8.行政职能必须体现和执行国家的社会管理职能，以服务社会公共利益的面目出现在世人面前，因此行政职能带有很强的 ( B ) A. 强制性 B.公共性 C.谋利性 D.服务性 9.标志着我国政府行政职能转变的成果已经为法律所确认的法律是( A ) A.《行政许可法》B.《行政处罚法》C.《行政监察法》D.《行政编制法》 10.行政管理机构的首要特性是具有( D ) A.权威性 B.主体性 C.系统性 D.合法性 1l.在美国，既属于白宫的直属机构，又属于总统的助手和顾问班子的机构是( A ) A. 总统办事机构 B.内阁和各部 C.独立机构 D.中央统计局 12.人事行政管理最经常的职责和最大量的活动是( C ) 13.A.监督和控制 B.培训和管理 C.使用和开发 D.奖励和惩罚 13.预算工作的中心环节是( B ) A.预算编制 B.预算执行 C.决算管理 D.预算管理 14.行政组织中最活跃的因素是( D ) A.精神要素 B.行政体制 C.行政活动 D.行政人员 15.一般说来，在条件不变的情况下，行政组织结构中管理层次与管理幅度之间的关系是( B ) A.正比关系 B.反比关系 C.关系依据情况变化而不同 D.不成比例关系 16.提出渐进决策模式的是( B ) A.西蒙 B.林德布洛姆 C.埃佐尼 D.杜鲁门 17.典型的事后监督是( C ) A.行政复议 B.听证会 C.国政调查 D.司法审查 18.行政管理中运用法律方法，首先必须要加强( C ) A.思想教育 B.平等原则 C.法制教育 D.奖惩制度 19.经济方法的核心是( A ) A.物质利益 B.边际效益 C.等价交换 D.市场规范 20.行政系统的专业分工与合作体制得以形成的制度前提与保障是( D ) A.行政管理依据 B.行政管理原则 C.行政道德规范 D.行政法律规范。 21.依法行政的核心与精髓在于法律规范的( B ) A.利益性和法治性 B.规范性与约束性 C.法治性和平等性 D.规范性与政治性 22.行政机关利用法律、政策等手段进行社会管理活动和自身管理活动所产生的工作成就以及积极效果称为( A ) A.行政绩效 B.行政效率 C.行政效益 D.行政成果 23.行政绩效评估活动的基础和核心是( D ) A.设计评估问题 B.确立评估程序 C.发布评估效果 D.确立评估的指标体系 24.行政发展的手段和措施是( D ) A.行政管理 B.行政调节 C.行政控制 D.行政改革 25.主张利用私营部门的管理理念来重塑政府的行政发展模式是( B ) A.法德模式 B.英美模式 C.希腊模式 D.发展中国家模式 二、多项选择题(本大题共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分) 26.20 世纪 80 年代以来，西方国家占主导地位的行政管理学主要有( ACD ) A.新公共管理理论 B.公共选择理论 C.后现代公共行政理论 D.政府治理理论 E.系统权变理论 27.现代民主国家对行政权力的监督主要来自( AD ) A.以权利限制权力 B.以道德限制权力 C.以强权限制权力 D.以权力限制权力 E.以公众利益限制权力 28.行政职能的特点主要表现在( ABDE ) A. 执行性 B.整体性 C.稳定性 D.多样性 E.动态性 29.行政管理机构的特性包括( ABCDE ) A.合法性 B.主体性 C.系统性 D.权威性 E.执行性和管理性 30.在人事分类制度中，职位分类的依据是( BCDE ) A.职位的社会地位 B.职位的工作性质 C.职位的难易程度 D.职位的责任轻重 E.职位所需的资格条件 31.解决行政组织冲突的主要方式有( ACE ) A.谈判 B.妥协 C.调处 D.冷处理 E.服从权威 32.运用经济方法应遵循的原则有( CDE ) A.调查研究在先原则 B.坚持具体指导原则 C.适度原则 D.与法治相结合原则 E.与思想教育相结合的原则 33.行政法律规范的功能主要包括( ABE ) A.规范与控制功能 B.组织与调节功能 C.导向和约束功能 D.自我调节功能 E.改革与稳定功能
34.行政环境的基本属性有( ABCDE ) A.复杂性 B.相关性 C.综合性 D.层次性 E.动态性 35.根据行政绩效评估的内容性质划分的行政绩效评估指标体系包括( ABD ) A.经济发展指标 B.政治发展指标 C.行政发展指标 D.社会发展指标 E.文化发展指标 三、简答题（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 5 分，共 25 分） 36.简述重构我国中央政府与地方政府权力关系的思路。 （1）以宪法形式明确规定中央政府与地方政府分权范围。（2 分） （2）实现中央与地方利益分配的合理化。（1 分） （3）实行地方分权和基层自治。（1 分） （4）健全和完善对地方权力的监督。（1 分） 37.简述行政信息公开化的作用。 （1）行政信息公开化有助于促进民主行政的发展。（1 分） （2）行政信息公开化有利于人民的生活和工作。（1 分） （3）行政信息公开化有利于防止行政权力腐败。（1 分） （4）行政信息公开化有助于促进行政效率的提高。（1 分） （5）行政信息公开化有助于我国政府更好地适应 WTO 的要求。（1 分） 38.简述加入 WTO 后我国行政发展的趋势。 （1） 加快从全能行政向有限行政转变的步伐。（2 分） （2） 重塑政府与社会的关系。（1 分） （3） 由权力行政向规则行政的理念转变。（1 分） （4） 从暗箱行政向透明行政转变。（1 分） 39.简述依法行政的基本内容。 （1）行政管理意识的法制化。（1 分） （2）行政职权的法定化。（1 分） （3）行政编制的法定化。（1 分） （5） 行政程序的法定化。（1 分） （6） 行政责任的法定化。（1 分） 40.简述电子政务对行政管理方法现代化的意义。 （1）电子政务有助于改善现有行政管理方法的信息基础和信息通信手段。（2 分） （2）电子政务有助于创立全新的行政管理方法和行政措施。（1 分） （3）电子政务为全面实现行政管理的自动化、信息化提供了技术手段。（2 分 四、论述题（本大题共 2 小题，每小题 10 分，共 20 分） 41.结合实际，论述我国行政职能转变的必要性及其主要内容。 必然性： （1）转变行政职能是建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制的必然要求。（1 分） （2）转变行政职能是迎接经济全球化挑战的需要。（1 分） （3）转变行政职能是实现经济、社会和人的全面发展的需要。（1 分） （4）转变行政职能是深化政治体制改革的需要。（1 分） （5）转变行政职能是机构改革的动因和基础。（1 分） 我国职能转变的基本内容： （1）职能重心的转变。（1 分） （2）职能方式的转变。（1 分） （3）职能关系的转变。（1 分）
42.试述当前条件下提高我国行政绩效的具体途径。 （1）改革和创新经济体制、政治体制，强化法治政府的行政理念，为提高行政绩效创造一个良好的行政环境。（2 分） （2）不断改革行政体制，进行政府的运行机制创新，做到决策、执行和监督相协调，以提高行政绩效。（2 分） （3）提高行政绩效，必须建设高素质的公务员队伍。（2 分） （4）建立和健全良好的行政绩效评估体系，完善行政绩效管理制度，提高行政绩效水平。（2 分） 五、案例分析题（本大题 10 分） 43.在 A 县人大的一次会议上，许多人大代表再次提出了一个有关沿海公路废弃多年而不能通车的质询案。由于这条沿海高 速公路年久失修，已经不能正常通车，使得临近的大多数村庄的群众来县城办事都必须绕道 B 县搭车，群众对此意见很大。 由于人大代表提出了质询案，该县交通局局长连夜回到局里开会研究后，带领有关人员专门到现场勘察，并征求了一些临近 村庄村民代表的意见。很快，交通局拿出了一份有关修复老公路、恢复交通车辆通行的报告。在将该报告向人大代表做出答 复后，人大代表都感到非常满意。不久，一条重新修复的沿海公路顺利通车了，广大人民群众拍手称好。 问题： （1）什么是质询？ （2）人大代表的质询属于什么性质的监督？ （3）通过本案例可以看出行政监督有何重要意义？ 答：（1）所谓质询，是对被质询机关的工作不清楚、不理解、不满意的地方提出质问，要求被质询机关作出澄清、解释的一种 活动。（3 分） （2）质询属于人大对政府的工作监督。（2 分） （3）行政监督的重要意义在于：一方面，加强行政监督，是防止行政权力被滥用的一项十分有效的措施。（3 分）另一方面， 加强行政监督有利于提高行政效率。（2 分
同等学力历年真题参考答案
同等学力历年真题参考答案一、考题回顾同等学力考试是中国研究生招生考试的一种，旨在选拔具备本科阶段知识水平的考生进入研究生阶段。
历年来，同等学力考试的题目涵盖了多个学科领域，考察考生的综合知识和分析能力。
下面将回顾近几年的同等学力考试真题，并提供参考答案。
二、英语试题1. 阅读理解题目：阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2019年真题)原文：Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly entering our everyday lives. From voice assistants like Apple’s Siri to autonomous vehicles, AI technologies are revolutionizing the way we live and work. However, there are also concerns about the impact of AI on the job market and on society as a whole.解析：空白处前后是一段关于AI的话题，可以推断这里可能会讲到人们对AI的担忧。
在多余选项中，选项E“Advantages of AI in healthcare”与文章没有关联，因此可以排除。
正确答案为D“Risks and challenges of AI”，这个选项与担忧有关。
2. 完型填空题目：阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2018年真题)原文：As a child, I was often mocked by my family members and classmates for being overweight. During recess, while other children were playing and having fun, I would sit __1__ in a corner and watch them from afar. My weight problem had a negative effect on my self-confidence, and I believed that I would never be truly __2__ by others.解析：由空白前后的描述可知，这里是在说作者因为体重问题受到了负面影响，所以选项A“isolated”(孤立的)符合语境。
同等学力英语考试历年真题及参考答案超详细
2022年同等学力英语测试历年真题及参考答案Part One (90 minutes)Part 1 Dialogue communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)Section A Dialogue completion1.A: David said he bought a new BMW for $5,000!8:. Sounds pretty cheap to me!A: Well, that' s wh a idh eA.Are you sure?e to think of it.C.Do you think so?D.Is he crazy?2. A: We just came back from Phoenix. And we had the best vacation in years. 8:. I ' m glad to hear it.A.Oh, my goodness!B.How was it?C.Oh, there you go again.D.Good for you.3.A: I just can ' t stand this class anymore?8:. It ' s required, and you have to sit in it in order to graduate.A.Well, why not just drop out of it?B.Why, you can say that again!C.Well, you might as well get used to it.D.Why, I couldn t agree more!4.A: I don ' t know about you, but I thought that film was terrific.8:. The action was great, and so was the music.A. Just the same.B. I m with you there.C. More or less.D. I sure do.5.A: Dan gave me a free ride home, but I paid for the gas.B: You know what they say,.A.there ' s no free lunchB.don ' t bite off more than you can chewC.one good turn deserves anotherD.it ' s who you know that countsSection B Dialogue Comprehension6.Woman: I 'd rather not talk about it. Just don't ask.Man: Come on. I think you need to let off some steam.Question: What does the man advise the woman to do?A.To talk to him about the problem.B.To keep the secret.C.To reduce the workload.D.To have a good rest.7.Woman: Julie ' s dress looks funny. That style went out last year.Man: Oh, come on, as long as it looks good on her.Question: What does the man try to emphasize?A. Julies dress is not outdated.8.Julies dress does nohtesru. it9.Julie should follow the fashion.10.Julie looks fine in that dress.8.Man: What kind of snacks do you prefer?Woman: Oh, I ve got a sweet tooth, you know.Question: What does the woman probably like?A.Sandwich.B.Hot dogs.C.Ice cream.D.Potato chips.9.Woman: I ' m tired of driving all the way to work and back every day. If only cars could drive themselves! Man: Well, some car manufactures are working on them. I guess you' ll soon buy one ifyou can afford it.Question: What does the man imply?A.The woman will be able to buy an intelligent car.B.Cars that drive themselves may be very expensive.C.He is working with a car producer on intelligent cars.D.Driving to work is really a headache.10.Man: Annie, how does it not even cross your mind that you might want a future with someone?Woman: It ' s simple. I don ' t mind being married to my career.Question: What ' s Annie ' s attitude towards her future?A.She will stay with someone unmarried.B.She will live a simple life.C.She will quit her job to get married.D.She will fully focus on her job.Part II Vocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)Section A11.The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of the events.A.neglectedB.foresawC.exploredD.assessed12.Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report cases of suspected child abuse to authorities.A.remindedB.expectedpelledD.requested13.Your grade will be based in large part on the originality of your ideas.A.creativityB.popularityC.feasibilityD.flexibility14.We suspect there is a quire deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission.A.consciousB.desperateC.clumsyD.intentional15.So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them.A.justB.hardlyC.almostD. definitely16.Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere, thus forming dirty fog.A.constrainedB.caughtC.concealedD.concentrated17.Employees in chemical factories are entitled to receive extra pay for doing hazardous work.A.poisonousB.difficultC.dangerousD.harmful18.Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in Minnesota, owned a hotel and travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of $9 billion.A.preciselyB.merelyC.substantiallyD.approximately19.The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ transplantation.A.factorB.constituentC.barrierD.break20.Whenever you need Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him.A.count onB.benefit fromC.stand forD.stick toSection B21.It without saying that consumers would be happier if prices were lower.A.takesB.appearsC.makesD.goes22.The world economic recession put an end to the steel market upturn that beganin 2022.A.irregularB.illegalC. abruptD. absurd23.I ' m about how you discovered my website, and am very glad if you enjoy it.A.mysteriousB.furiousC.seriousD.curious24.The Labor Party ' s electoral strategy, based 0n wilh other smaller parties, has proved successful.A.acquaintanceB.integrationC.allianceD.intimacy25.The new aircraft will be to a test of temperatures of -65C and 120c .A.suspendedB.suppressedC.summonedD.subjected26.The money I got from teaching on the side was a useful to my ordinary income.A.profitB.supplementC.subsidyD.replacement27.Chinese people are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the declining of tooth decay.A.treatmentB.incidenceC.consequenceD.misfortune28.Many countries have conservation programs to prevent certain of fish frombecoming extinct.A.speciesB.sourcesC.numbersD.members29.Susan never took any cookery courses; she learned cooking by useful tips fromTV cookery programs.A.picking upB.bringing upC.putting upD.pulling up30.The President his deputy to act for him while he was abroad.A.promotedB.substitutedC.authorizedD.displacedPart III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 for each)Passage OneUntil last spring, Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood commuted to school on Bus 59. But as fuel prices rose, the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs. So the school' s busing company redrew its route map, eliminatingNia ' s bus altogether. Now Nia and her neighbors travel the half mile to school via a -walking school bus a group of kids, supervised by an adult or two, who make the walk together.Like the rest of us, school districts are feeling pinched by rising fuel costs— and finding new way to adapt. The price of diesel fuel has gone up 34 percent in the past two years. For the typical American school district, bus bills total 5 percent of the budget. As administrators look to trim, busing is an inviting target, since it doesn' t affectinstruction (or test scores). More than one third of American school administrators have eliminated bus stops or routes in order to stay within budget.Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school, partly because many did so themselves: according to a 1969 survey, nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school, compared with only 16 percent in 2001. Modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic, crime or simple bullying, but with organized adult supervision, those concerns have diminished.Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save. In rural areas where busing is a must, some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks. Busing companies instruct drivers to eliminate extra stops from routes and to turn off the engine while idling. They are also using computer software to determine the most fuel-efficient routes, which aren ‘ t always the shortest ones.There could be downsides, however, to the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused student begins walking to school, it'niainwnnvirbuimetoo many of theirparents decide to drive then instead, the overall carbon footprint can grow. Replacing buses with many more parent-driven cars can also increase safety risks: A 2022 report concluded students are 13 times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car, since buses have fewer accidents and withstand them better due to their size. And some students complain about the long morning hikes, particularly when the route contains a really big hill.31.The —walking school bus . II A. does not consume fuel B. aims to keep children fit C. seldom causes traffic jamsD. is popular with school kids32.In America the responsibility for busing kids to school lies with.A. individual schoolsB ．school districtsC．teacherD．parents33.As regards walking to school, modern parents seem much concerned with the .A．time spent on the way8．changes in the routeC. kid 's physical strengthD ．safety of their children34.To save money, some schools choose to.A．take the shortest routesB ．shorten the school weekC．give drives better trainingD ．use fuel efficient buses35.Busing cutbacks may eventually lead to.A．fierce competition among bus companiesB．more students taking public transportationC．an increase in carbon dioxide emissionsD. a decrease in the safety of school buses 36. Which of the following best describes the author' s attitude towards busing cutbacks' A．FavorableB. CriticalC. ObjectiveD. IndifferentPassage TwoPeople are living longer than ever, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2022 can expects to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. This is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists. The greater longevity (长寿) of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then -the gap is growing.A number of reasons have been proposed to accounts for the differences. The gap is greatest in industrialized societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be less adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer accidents).Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are more likely to smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women smoking and they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply.One puzzling aspect of the problem is that women do not appear to be as healthy as men.That is, they report far more illnesses. But when a man reports an illness, it is more likely to be serious.Some researchers have suggested that men may die early because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a job. (Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system.) Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming promptness.Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface of the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have the edge among virtually all mammalian 晡孚L动物的)species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences begin at the moment of conception; there are more male miscarriages流产).In human, after birth, more baby boys than baby girls die.37.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A.Men ' s lifespan remains almost unchanged.B.Researchers have found the cause of the age gapC.The more advanced a society, the greater the age gap.D.The age gap was noticed only recently.38.As is suggested in Paragraph 2, the two factors relevant to women' s longer life;are.A.diseases and road accidentsB.industrialization and work strainsC.their immunity to heart disease and refusal of alcoholD.their endurance of work strains and reluctance for adventure39.According to Paragraph3, which of the following statements is true?A.The great number of male smokers contributes to the age gap.B.The growing number of smoking women will narrow the age gap.C.Female workers are more likely to smoke than make workers.D.Smoking does not seem to affect women ' s longevity.40.Which of the following phenomena makes researchers puzzled?A.Men ' s health is more closely related to their emotions.B.Though more liable to illnesses, women still live longer.C.Men show worse symptoms than women when they fall ill.D.Quite a number of men die soon after their retirement.41.The word —edge II in Paragraph 6 means — II .A. marginB．sideC．advantageD．quality42.What is the main idea of the passage?A．The greater longevity of women remains a mystery.B ．That women are healthier than men well explains their longevity.C. People are living longer as a result of industrialization. D ．Women are less emotionally affected by difficulties in life. Passage ThreeMany are aware of the tremendous waste of energy in our environment, but fail to take advantage of straightforward opportunities to conserve that energy. For example, everyone knows that lights should be switched off when no one is in an office. Similarly, when employees are not using a meeting room, there is no need to regulate temperature. Fortunately, one need not rely on human intervention to conserve energy. With the help of smart sensing and network technology, energy conservation processes such as turning off lights and adjusting temperature can be readily automated. Ultimately, this technology will enable consumers and plant managers to better identify wasteful energy use and institute procedures that lead to smarter and more efficient homes, buildings and industrial plants.Until now, wires and cables for power and connectivity have limited the widespread adoption of sensor 传感器〕networks by making them difficult and expensive to install and maintain. Battery-powered wireless networks can simplify installation and reduce cost. But their high power consumption and the corresponding need for regular battery replacement has made wireless networks difficult and costly to maintain. Nobody wants to replace hundreds or thousands of window sensor batteries in a large building on a regular basis. The promise of wireless sensor networks can only be fully realized when the wiring for both the data communication and the power supply is eliminated. Doing so requires a true battery-free wireless solution, one that can utilize energy harvested directly from the environments. To facilitate the widespread deployment of wireless sensor networks, GreenPeak has developed an ultra-low-power communication technology that can utilize environmental energy sources such as light, motion and vibration. This technology, employing on-board power management circuits and computer software to monitor energy harvesters and make the best use of harvested energy, enables sensors to operate reliably in a battery-free environment.Wireless sensor networks deployed in our offices and homes will have an enormous impact on our daily lives, helping to build a smarter world in which energy is recycled and fully utilized. These wireless platforms, equipped with advanced sensing capability, willenable us to better control our lives, homes and environment, creating a truly connected world that enables people worldwide to live ina more comfortable, safer, and cleaner environment.43.By —human intervention II (Paragraph 2), the author refers to.A.the reduction of great energy waste in the environmentB.the grasping of straightforward opportunities availableC.acts like turning off lights when no one is in the roomD.the adoption of smart sensing and network technology44.Batteries are not an ideal energy source for sensor networks because they.A.have to be replaced from time to timeB.contain metals that pollute the environmentC.require automatic rechargingD are difficult and costly to maintain45.Battery-free wireless sensor networks are made possible by the fact that.A there is energy in the environment to be utilizedB the cost of using them has been drastically reducedC modern data communication consumes little energyD their maintenance has been greatly simplified46.According to the passage, Green Peak.A is the first company to install wireless sensor networksB.promotes the application of wireless sensor networksC.supplies batteries operating on harvested energyD.benefits handsomely from communication technology47.The focus of Paragraph 4 is on the.A.replacement of batteries in harvestersB.monitoring of energy harvested from the environmentC.elimination of batteries in sensor networksD.impact of sensor networks on power supply48.Wireless sensor networks promise to.A.bring businesses high profitsB.further develop the sensing technologyC.turn motion into a major source of energyD.improve the daily lives of people worldwidePassage FourIf you haven ' t heard or seen anything about Road Rage in the last few month you probably been avoiding the media. There have been countless stories about the new and scary phenomenon, considered a type of aggressive driving. You have more likely encountered aggressive driving and/or Road Rage recently if you drive at all.While drunk driving remains a critical problem, the facts about aggressive driving are surely as disturbing. For instance, according to the National Highway Transportation Safety Association, 41,907 people died on the highway last year. Of those fatalities, the agency estimates that about two-thirds were caused at least in part by aggressive driving behavior.Why is this phenomenon occurring more than ever now, and why is it something that seemed almost nonexistent a few short years ago? Experts have several theories, and all are probably partially correct. One suggestion is sheer to overcrowding. In the last decade, the number of cars on the roads has increased by more than 11 percents, and the number of miles driven has increased by 35 percent. However, the number of new road miles has only increase by 1 percent. That means more cars in the same amount of space; and the problem is magnified in urban areas. Also, people have less time and more things to do. With people working and trying to fit extra chores 〔琐事〕and activities into the day, stress levels have never been higher. Stress creates anxiety, which leads to short tempers. These factors, when combined in certain situations, can spell Road Rage.You may think you are the last person who would drive aggressively, but you might be surprised. For instance, have you ever yelled out loud at a slower driver, sounded the horn long and hard at another car, or sped up to keep another driver from assign? If you recognize yourself in any of these situations, watch out!Whether you are getting angry at other drivers, or another driver is visibly upset with you, there are things you can do to avoid any major confrontation. If you are sceptible to Road Rage, the key is to discharge your emotion in a healthy way. If you are the target of another driver ' s rage, do everything possible to get away from the other driver safety, including avoiding eye contact and getting out of their way.49.The first sentence in Paragraph 1 implies that.A. people not interested in the media know little about recent happeningsB. Road Rage has received much media coverage in the last few monthsC. one may be raged by media reports and wants to avoid themD.the media coined the term — Road Rage II only a few months ago50.According to the National Highway Transportation Safety Association, last yearA.drunk driving remained the No.1 killer on the highwayB.more people were killed by aggressive driving than by drunk drivingC.two thirds of drivers were killed by aggressive drivingD.41,907 people fell victim to aggressive driving51.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of aggressive driving?A.Increasing number of carsB.Drivers ' stress and anxietyC.Overcrowded roadsD.Rush hour traffic52.The word —spell II in Paragraph 3 means II II .A.speakB.causeC.describeDspare53.Which of the following characterizes aggressive driving?ATalking while drivingB.Driving fastCYelling at another driverDSounding the horn when passing54.The last paragraph is intended to. A. tell people how to cope with Road Rage B. inform people how aggressive drivers could be C. tell people how to control themselves when angry D. warn people against eye contact with another driverPassage FiveIn the early 20th century, a horse named Clever Hans was believed capable of counting and other impressive mental tasks. After years of great performance, psychologists discovered that though Hans was certainly clever, he was not clever in the way everyone expected. The horse was cleverly picking up on tiny, unintentional bodily and facial signals given out not only by his trainer, but also by the audience. Aware of the — Clever Hans II effect, Lisa Lit at the University of California and her colleagues wondered whether the beliefs of professional dog handlers might similarly affect the outcomes of searchers for drugs and explosives. Remarkably, Dr Lit found, they do.Dr Lit asked 18 professional dog handlers and their dogs to complete brief searches. Before the searches, the handlers were informed that some of the search area might contain up to three target scents, and also that in two cases those scents would be marked by pieces of red paper. What the handlers were not told was that none of the search areas contained the scents of either drugs or explosives. Any— detectionsII made by the teamsthus had to be false.The findings reveals that of 144 searches, only 21 were clean (no alerts). All the others raised one alert or more. In total, the teams raised 225 alerts. While the sheer number of false alerts stuck Dr Lit as fascinating, it was where they took place that was of greatest interest.When handlers could see a red piece of paper, allegedly marking a location of interest, they were much more likely to say that their dogs signaled an alert. The human handlers were not only distracted on almost every occasion by the stimulus aimed at them, but also transmitted that distraction to their animals— who responded accordingly. To mix metaphors, the dogs were crying—wolf II at the unconscious signal of their handlers. How much that matters in the real world is unclear. But it might. If a handler, for example, unconsciously — profiled II people being sniffed by a drug, or ■exiect i vg dogat an airport, false positive could abound. That is not only bad for innocent travelers, but might distract the team from catching the guilty.55.What did psychologists find out about Clever Hans?A. He was as clever as people claimed.B ．He was really good at counting.C．He could understand human language.D．He merely responded to human signals.56.Lisa Lit and her colleagues.A.questioned the—Clever Hans II effectB.discovered the—Clever Hans II effectC.confirmed the —Clever Hans II effectD.rejected the —Clever Hans II effect57.The dog handlers learned before the searches that.A．each search area contained three target scentsB ．there was actually no target scent in the search areaC．some target scents may be labeled with a special markD. their dogs were expected to find the scents of red paper58.What was most significant about the experiment, according to Dr Lit?A.The location of the false alertsB.The regularity of the false alertsC.The number of the false alertsD.The timing of the false alerts59.It can be concluded from the experiment that.A.dog handlers are more likely to be distracted than their dogsB.dogs may act in response to their handlers' bodily signalsC.the cooperation between dogs and their handlers is key to successD.well- trained dogs can better understand their handlers' signals60.The author thinks that Dr Lit' s findings.A.should raise our concern in real lifeB.may not be useful in real situationsC.should be backed up by further evidenceD.will be widely applied in the near futurePart IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)Zoos have become an important site for the preservation and protection of wildlife resources, __61__ those species that are endangered __62__, many zoos displayed live animals for public entertainment. Presently some zoos have become scientific andeducational __63__ that have contributed to the understanding and conservation of wild animal populations. __64__ the challenges facing modern zoos are the cost of upgrading old facilities, the struggle to obtain __65__ operating funds, and the need to attract more visitors to new and entertaining exhibits.Many __66__ zoos in American cities have undergone renovation 翻新〕during the last decades of the twentieth century. Among the recent trends in zoo __67__ is the construction of new enclosures that resemble natural habitats衲息地〕.The replacement of traditional steel bars and concrete floors __68__ appropriately designed surroundings improves visitor appreciation of the animals. Such renovations may __69__ stress on animals and allow them to interact with one another more naturally.Several major zoos conduct captive propagation programs A captive propagation program includes the breeding of __70__ zoo or wild animals to obtain offspring, usually for release to __71__ or for transfer to other zoos Captive breeding is one method of __72__ some species from extinction.Zoos have expanded and improved public education programs also, with education departments that develop programs 73 zoo exhibits Public activities include in-school programs, zoo tours, special events, and websites The Zoological Society of New York, for example, conducted a major project with a Western African government to monitor an elephant herd 74 it moved throughout its rangeThe importance of zoos will increase as natural habitats are diminishing Through their efforts 75 conservation, education, and environmental advocacy, zoos will continue to play a critical role in wildlife preservation throughout the world .61.. A . superficially B. especially C. importantly D. supposedly62. A By that time B By the time C At one time D At that time63. A institutions Bassociations C foundations D corporation64. A Along B Forward C Among D Through65. A limited B professional C sufficient D excessive66. A newer B older C former D later67. A management B improvement C achievement D assessment68. A under B for Cinto D with69.Areduce Bcause C increase D avoid70.Aselected Bsustained Cpromising Dsurviving71.Anatural Bthe natural Cwild D the wild72.ArestrainingB saving Csheltering Dexempting73. A attributed to B opposed to C referred to D related to74. A. as B. as if C. so D. so that。
2018年同等学力申硕新闻传播专业真题
2018年新闻与传播专业真题新闻学一、名词解释（3*10=30分）1.向导周报2.法兰西国公报3.埃德加·斯诺4.新闻的起源5.新闻背景6.通线7.理论性论据8.电视述评9.访谈新闻10.广播电视系列报道二、简答题（5*4=20分）1.不公正报道的主要表现是什么？2.新闻采访的任务是什么？3.数字化时代新闻标题的主要作用是什么？4.电视新闻报道的选材原则是什么？三、分析题（10*2=20分）1.分析反“客里空”运动的作用和影响。
2.联系新闻传播实际，分析新闻选择的决定因素。
四、实务操作题（30分）1.两条不同角度导语2.复合型标题（主题+辅题）3.短评（500字以）5月14日，周日。
早上8点49分，成昆线上的小站沙马拉达，一列绿皮火车缓缓停下。
跟着人群，依火红敏上了火车，找到一处比较安静的座位后，抓紧时间做起了练习题。
依火红敏是航天学校的一名初三学生，家住凉山州喜德县沙马拉达乡。
每个周末，她都要乘坐这趟火车，在家和学校之间往返。
这趟火车，车次为5633/5634次，是成昆线上境最后的两列慢车之一，从1970年成昆线通车以来就一直在运行，至今已有47年。
它从普雄往返，全程353公里，停靠26个站，票价最高25.5元，最低2元。
在铁路沿线交通不便的地方，每个周末，都有超过600名学生搭乘这列慢车走上求学路。
这列慢车，成为了当地最大的“校车”，将一批又一批学生送出大山。
目前，成昆复线正在加紧施工，预计2021年，从到将会开行动车。
不过，这列慢火车，仍将在大凉山深处继续穿行，即使每个小站，只有一名上下车的乘客。
吉木呷呷在火车上用手机自学外语，旁边是她弟弟。
吉木呷呷在火车上用手机自学外语，旁边是她弟弟。
面孔座位上，看书的彝族女孩“一定要考上二中”5633次列车车厢，拥挤而热闹。
乘客带的行和货物都很多，有人背着满满一背篓青菜，有人扛着两大袋土豆，还有人提着几只大公鸡。
上车后，依火红敏找到了一个比较安静的座位。
2017-2018年同等学力经济学综合真题及参考答案
2017年同等学力经济综合真题及参考答案一、单项选择题在我国的中间扩散型制度变迁方式中扮演着重要角色。
A.中央政府B.地方政府C.国有企业D.民营企业参考答案: B2、如图所示，两个消费者的无差异曲线相切于E1、E2、E3,这意味着_A.对于消费者1而言，E1的效用水平高于E2B.对于消费者2而言，E3的效用水平高于E2C.E2属于帕累托最优状态，E1和E3不属于帕累托最优状态D.E、E、E都属于帕累托最优状态参考答案: D3、资本国际流动的主要形式包括_①国家资本输出与私人资本输出②长期资本流动与短期资本流动③直接资本流动与间接资本流动④国际商品流动和人力资本流动A.①②④B.①③④C.①②③参考答案: C4、当最终产品进口的名义税率不变时，表述正确的是_①对进口原料征税越低，该名义税率的保护作用越大②对进口原料征税越低，该名义税率的保护作用越小③对进口原料征税越高，该名义税率的保护作用越大④对进口原料征税越高，该名义税率的保护作用越小A.①和②B.②和③C.②和④D.①和④参考答案: D5、根据税收能否转嫁，税收可分为_A.价内税与价外税B.中央税、地方税与中央地方共享税C.直接税和间接税D.从量税与从价税参考答案: C6、可用于解释财政支出规模增长趋势的理论包括_①政府活动扩张论②梯度渐进增长论③经济发展阶段论④官僚行为增长论A①③④B.①②④C.②③④D.①②③④参考答案:D7、实际利率=____。
A.名义利率+通货膨胀率B.名义利率通货膨胀率C.名义利率X通货膨胀率D.名义利率:通货膨胀率8、_____认为汇率的变动和决定所依据的是人们各自对外汇的效用所作的主观评价。
A.国际借贷说B.购买力平价说C.汇兑心理说D.利息平价说参考答案: C二、名词解释1、均衡价格:-种商品的市场价格是该市场上供求双方相互作用的结果。
当供求力量达到一种平衡，价格或价格机制处于相对稳定的状态时所决定的市场价格就被称为均衡价格。
同等学力英语真题及答案
同等学力英语真题及答案同等学力英语考试是许多考生在报考硕士研究生、博士研究生等学位研究生课程时需要参加的英语考试。
这项考试通常有笔试和口试两部分组成，其中笔试部分包括阅读理解、完形填空、词汇与语法等内容。
为了帮助考生更好地备考，本文将提供一些同等学力英语考试真题及答案，供考生参考。
阅读理解Passage 1Questions 1-6 are based on the following passage.One way to reduce the amount of garbage produced by a home is to___________________________________.One way to reduce the amount of garbage produced by a home is to manage waste in a smart manner. By practicing proper waste management, it is possible to reduce the amount of waste generated by a household. Recycling paper, plastic, glass, and metals is one of the most effective ways to reduce trash volume. Additionally, composting organic waste can also significantly decrease the amount of garbage produced by a home.Passage 2Questions 7-12 are based on the following passage.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. People who drink coffee are more likely to live longer.B. Drinking moderate amounts of coffee may have some health benefits.C. People who drink coffee have a higher risk of heart disease.D. Drinking coffee can cure heart disease.According to the passage, drinking moderate amounts of coffee may have some health benefits. It has been suggested that moderate coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of certain diseases, such as Parkinson's, liver disease, and type 2 diabetes. However, excessive coffee consumption should be avoided as it can lead to negative health effects.完形填空Passage 3Questions 13-20 are based on the following passage.Growing up in the countryside, I often found myself _____________(13) by nature. I loved spending my time outdoors, exploring the fields and forests. One of my favorite activities was _____________(14) wildflowers. I would spend hours _____________(15) different flowers and trying to identify them.Passage 4Questions 21-30 are based on the following passage.If you want to improve your vocabulary, one effective method is to_____________(21) new words as you encounter them. Carry a pocket-sized dictionary with you and look up any unfamiliar words when you come across them. By doing this, you will _____________(22) your vocabularyand gradually become more comfortable using new words in your everyday life.词汇与语法Question 31: Which of the following words is NOT a noun?A. ComputerB. SwimsC. HappinessD. TeacherThe word "swims" is NOT a noun. It is a verb, as it describes an action.Question 32: She was furious ________ her brother's behavior.A. forB. withC. atD. byThe correct answer is B. "with." It is commonly used to express anger or annoyance towards someone or something.口试部分(参考答案)Question 1: Can you introduce yourself?Answer: Yes, of course. My name is [Your Name], and I am from [Your City/Country]. I have a bachelor's degree in [Your Major], and I am currently preparing for the same level English exam.Question 2: What are your hobbies?Answer: In my free time, I enjoy reading, listening to music, and traveling. I find these activities to be relaxing and enjoyable.Question 3: Can you describe a memorable experience in your life?Answer: One memorable experience in my life was when I had the opportunity to travel to [Destination]. It was my first time traveling solo, and I was able to immerse myself in a different culture and explore new places. It was a truly enriching and eye-opening experience.以上是一些同等学力英语考试的真题及答案，供考生参考。
同等学力真题
同等学力真题 同等学力 [1]学习经历不同，但在知识水平和学习能力方面达到同等程度的人员。在学位与研究生教育工作中经常出现和使用的概念。通常指申请学位者或报考研究生的考生中，虽然没有大学本科或者硕士生、博士生学历(包括获得相应的学位)，但通过自学或其它途径达到了相当于大学本科或硕士生毕业以及博士生申请论文答辩时的知识和能力水平的人员。同等学力是非本科、硕士生毕业者报考硕士生、博士生，以及不具备硕士生、博士生学历的人员申请硕士和博士学位时的必要条件。在我国，同等学力资格须经申请人所在单位证明以及接受其报考或申请的单位审核。
一般情况下，绝大部分招生单位都招收同等学力考生。但也有部分招生单位的部分专业不招收，这是根据不同专业对考生不同的要求而确定的。比如部分院校的外语、法律等专业由于要求较高而不接受同等学力人员报考，这种情况毕竟是极少数，考生需提前了解招生单位的具体要求。
同等学力考生只能在专科毕业二年后报考，并在复试时加试两门及以上专业课。说明：这两年是指从毕业起至研究生入学时计，如果在2008年6月毕业，则可以在2009年下半年报名，参加2010年年初的考试，至9月份入学时满两年。而且，这两年期间不要求工作证明，有些人认为需要单位开具工作经验证明，这是完全错误的。
同等学力考生考研需要若干条件，共四条。 第一，要求本科进修课程，并由相关教务部门出具成绩证明，其门数最少是四门，最多是全部课程(如北京大学、北京师范大学、对外经贸大学)，一般要求六到八门，有可能是“核心”课程或专业课程，理工类考生常常要求有数学
第二，要求论文，大多数要求以第一作者身份公开发表至少一篇论文，级别从普通到核心不等，个别要求A级核心，少数大学只要求提交与本科毕业论文水平相当的论文，不要求一定发表，如无论文，也可以以省市级别的科研项目相抵，要求负责人身份
第三，不许跨专业，有的甚至不允许同等学力考生报考 第四，复试时加试科目可能不是二门，有的院校甚至要求五门，理工类考生一般要求有实验性科目。
同等学力考试《英语》试题及答案
同等学力考试《英语》试题及答案一、阅读理解（一）In most plants, the water is taken in by the roots and then carried through the plant by small tubes. Some of this water is used by the plant, but a large amount is given off as water vapor. In cooler parts of the earth, this vapor forms tiny drops of water in the air. These drops meet each other, become larger and finally fall as rain. In hotter regions, however, the water often rises very high into the air without forming drops. When this very wet air meets cooler air, tiny drops of water form in a kind of cloud called fog, or mist if it is near the ground.In some deserts, the earth is usually very dry and there is not enough water for the plants. At night, however, when the temperature falls, dew(露水)often forms; and sometimes it is followed by a fog, forming so heavily that the ground may be wet in the morning as if it had rained during the night.Why does the moisture(湿气)in the air form drops? If we cool a glass filled with a so-called invisible gas used to make the air we breathe, we shall find that the gas suddenly turns into a liquid. The moisture in the air forms drops for the same reason. The air is warmed by the central heating of houses, factories, offices and cars and by burning fuel for cooking and heating. So it contains a great deal of moisture. But when the warm air meets cooler air, some of its moisture forms drops, which we see as fog or mist close to the ground, or as rain falling from clouds.1. Water vapor forms tiny drops of water when _____.A. water is given off as water vaporB. it gets too hotC. the air becomes coolerD. it rises very high into the air2. The water in the air forms drops of water in _____.A. rainB. fogC. mistD. dew3. The ground in some parts of the desert is wet in the morning because _______.A. it has rained during the nightB. dew has fallen the previous nightC. a fog forms during the nightD. tiny drops have fallen from the rain cloud4. The moisture in the air forms drops because of _____.A. the warming of the airB. the moistening of the airC. the cooling of the airD. the wetting of the air（二）Many people around the world are choosing to work from home. For example, about a fifth of American workers say they work from home at least once a week. A report in August in The Manchester Guardian says that in July 43% of British workers said they worked from home for at least some of their work time. Explanations for this trend range from inventions like the Internet to the rising costs of commuting(通勤).A recent study by William Dilger at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, studied the work habits of Americans between 2000 and 2008. He found that "telecommuting," or working from home, increases the amount of time people actually work. In his study, people who worked from home had lower salaries. However, they also worked six more minutes per day than those who commuted to the workplace.But is working at home always a good idea? A study in Sweden led by Petra Nilsson of Linköping University, found that people who worked at home often had a difficult time separating work from leisure. As one person said, "It is like a rubber band—sometimes it stretches too far and breaks." Another problem was that it was easy to work too long if there was no one to say, "It’s quitting time." The Swedish researchers found that people who work at home are not necessarily less stressed than those who go to the office.5. A fifth of American workers work from home at least _____.A. once a weekB. twice a weekC. three times a weekD. four times a week6. About ____% of British workers worked from home in July.A. 43B. 57C. 35D. 207. William Dilger's study shows that people who work from home _____.A. earn higher salariesB. work less hours per dayC. often work longer hoursD. have more leisure time8. The Swedish study found that people who work at home _____.A. are more stressed than office workersB. have problems separating work and leisureC. can earn higher salaries than office workersD. have less time for leisure activities答案：1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. B二、补全短文When you breathe in, air rushes down your throat, through your windpipe, and into your lungs. Inside your lungs are millions of tiny air sacs. The walls of these sacs are covered with very tiny blood vessels. When you breathe in, air fills the air sacs. The oxygen in the air moves across the sac walls into the blood vessels. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste gas, passes from the blood vessels into the sacs. When you breathe out, the waste carbon dioxide leaves your body. The oxygen--the gas you need to live—stays in your blood.We take about 25,000 breaths a day. Every time you breathe in, you breathe in between 3 cups and 1/2 gallon (1 and 2 liters) of air.______9______ In one day, you breathe in 8 to 12 bathtubs full! When you exhale (呼出), you get rid of carbon dioxide, which is a waste gas.______10______So why does carbon dioxide make you want to breathe? When carbon dioxide gets into your blood and mixes with the water there, it forms an acid. The acid not only _11____ your brain make you breathe more often when you exercise, but also the struggle between the acid and the liquid in the blood can cause your brain to make you feel like you have to breathe.When you need to breathe, your brain sends a message to the muscles that control your breathing. The muscles in your diaphragm (膈肌) and the muscles between your ribs (肋骨) work together to move your lungs and get the oxygen (氧气) you need.That's how you breathe! Inhaling (吸气) oxygen from the air and exhaling waste carbon dioxide right out of your body!A. It combines with something dangerous.B. You couldn't stay alive without your heart's job.C. Your body can't use this air, so you breathe it out again.D. Carbon dioxide in your blood does something special, too.E. But your body still needs to get rid of waste gases.F. It also helps form the liquid part of your blood.G. In the process, it also helps get rid of waste gases.答案：9. C 10. G 11. F三、完形填空Temples (寺庙) are special buildings in many parts of the world. Theyare places where people go to 1 God. In different religions, people 2 to temples to say their prayers, ask for help, and beg for forgiveness（原谅），3 many other things. In many places, we see 4 temples, but how were they built? Who built them and how have they stayed still for 5 years?Building a temple usually takes 6 from different people. The owner or king 7 first decides where he wants the temple to be. Sometimes, the 8 of the king or the union of vegetables and fruits is used as a symbol of worship in the temple. Then the scientists of architecture (建筑学家) start their 9 . They take many years to finish their plan. It is so 10 that sometimes a king can'twait 11 to complete the construction. In many cases, their wives take on the work, 12 other workers with their food and other things needed for the construction of the temple.Next, the construction of the temple starts. It usually takes 13 . Sometimes, when the main construction is 14 , the king invites all the people to take part 15 the ceremony (典礼). Then they should make their own mark on the building stone, so they feel that finally the temple is also a part of their own. When they are 16 , they put this stone in place. During this ceremony, a lot of different rituals (仪式) are performed: fire is lit to invite the spirits to bless the 17 , and many monks (僧侣) and 18 people go there to 19 the ceremony. Finally, a group of women and girls come 20 to dance and sing.1. A. pray to B. talk about C. see2. A. say B. go C. decide3. A. and B. or C. but4. A. few B. many C. no5. A. two B. four C. six6. A. money B. time C. help7. A. will B. can C. must8. A. palm leaf B. fruit C. flower9. A. discovery B. work C. lesson10. A. quick B. difficult C. big11. A. already B. yet C. almost12. A. teach B. feed C. make13. A. days B. months C. years14. A. over B. done C. missed15. A. at B. for C. in16. A. lucky B. ready C. careful17. A. workers B. king C. temple18. A. important B. usual C. different19. A. take part in B. listen to C. learn20. A. there B. around C. here答案：1. A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. B 13.B 14. B 15. A 16. B 17.C 18. A 19. A 20. C以上为《英语》试题部分及答案。
同等学力申硕考试试题
同等学力申硕考试试题一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪项不是同等学力申硕考试的报考条件？A. 具有大学本科学历B. 获得学士学位C. 工作满两年D. 通过英语四级考试2. 同等学力申硕考试的英语科目主要测试考生的哪方面能力？A. 写作能力B. 阅读能力C. 听力能力D. 口语能力3. 同等学力申硕考试中，数学科目通常包括哪些内容？A. 高等数学B. 线性代数C. 概率论与数理统计D. 所有以上选项4. 根据教育部规定，同等学力申硕考试的合格标准是什么？A. 单科成绩达到60分B. 总分达到180分C. 单科成绩达到70分D. 总分达到200分5. 下列哪项不是同等学力申硕考试的复习策略？A. 制定详细的学习计划B. 参加模拟考试C. 忽视历年真题D. 定期进行自我检测10. 同等学力申硕考试的报名时间通常在每年的哪个月份？A. 1月B. 3月C. 6月D. 9月二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）11. 请简述同等学力申硕考试的目的和意义。
12. 同等学力申硕考试的报考流程通常包括哪些步骤？13. 请列举同等学力申硕考试中常见的三个复习误区，并给出避免这些误区的建议。
三、论述题（每题20分，共40分）14. 论述同等学力申硕考试与全日制硕士学位在学术要求上的主要区别。
15. 请结合个人经验，谈谈如何有效准备同等学力申硕考试，并分享一些实用的学习技巧。
四、案例分析题（每题30分，共30分）16. 某考生在同等学力申硕考试中英语科目成绩未达标，但他在工作和学术研究中表现出色。
请分析该考生可能面临的挑战，并提出相应的解决方案。
注：本试题仅供参考，实际考试内容和形式请以教育部或相关院校公布的正式文件为准。
同等学力申硕经济学学科综合水平考试真题及详解
同等学力申硕经济学学科综合水平考试真题及详解同等学力申硕经济学学科综合水平考试真题及详解一、考试总体情况2024年同等学力申硕经济学学科综合水平考试于6月10日举行，考试时长180分钟，总分为100分。
考试内容包括微观经济学、宏观经济学、国际经济学、社会主义经济理论、制度经济学等五个部分，比例分别为30%、25%、20%、15%、10%。
二、考试内容详解1、微观经济学：本部分主要考察市场需求与供给、消费者行为理论、生产理论、市场理论等内容。
重点考察考生对市场均衡、价格变动、消费者和生产者的行为等基本理论的理解和应用。
2、宏观经济学：本部分主要考察国民收入决定理论、经济增长与周期、通货膨胀与失业、货币政策与财政政策等内容。
要求考生掌握宏观经济基本模型的理解和应用，能够分析宏观经济现象，提出相应的政策建议。
3、国际经济学：本部分主要考察国际贸易理论、国际金融理论、全球化与国际经济等内容。
重点考察考生对国际贸易基本理论、国际金融市场、跨国企业战略等知识的理解和应用。
4、社会主义经济理论：本部分主要考察社会主义经济的基本理论、制度特征、经济发展等内容。
要求考生掌握社会主义经济的基本理论和实践，能够分析社会主义经济现象，提出相应的改革建议。
5、制度经济学：本部分主要考察制度经济学基本理论、制度变迁理论、产权与制度等内容。
要求考生掌握制度经济学基本理论和实践，能够分析制度和制度变迁对经济发展的影响。
三、真题示例及解析1、市场需求与供给中，价格弹性是指（）。
A. 价格上涨导致供应量减少的幅度 B. 价格上涨导致需求量增加的幅度 C. 价格下降导致需求量减少的幅度 D. 价格下降导致供应量增加的幅度答案：D 解析：价格弹性是衡量价格变动对市场需求影响程度的指标，价格下降导致供应量增加的幅度即为价格弹性。
2、消费者行为理论中，下列哪一种情况下，消费者会选择替代品？（） A. 牛奶价格上涨 B. 面包价格下降 C. 鸡蛋价格上升 D. 香肠价格下降答案：C 解析：当一种商品价格上涨时，消费者会减少对该商品的购买，转而购买替代品。