三年高考(2015-2017)英语试题分类汇编：专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气
1
2017年高考题
【2017·北京卷】21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the
top shelf.
A. must B. should C. can D. need
【答案】C
考点：考查情态动词
【名师点睛】
常用的情态动词有can，may，must，need, should等
1. can 的用法：
① 表示能力 “能，会” eg: He can speak a little Japanese.他会说一点日语。
② 表示请求或许可 “可以” eg: Can I help you? 要我帮忙吗?
③ 表示猜测 “可能” eg: Where can she go now? 她可能到哪里去了呢?
2.may 的用法：
①表示请求或允许 “可以”“准许” eg: May I go home，please?请问我可以回家吗?
② 表示可能性 “ 可能”、也许” eg: I think it may rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午可能下雨。
注：might为may的过去式，但也可以代替may，语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。
eg: ① He might not come today.今天他也许不来了。(语气不肯定)
②You might also get a headache when you work too hard，当你工作太努力时，你也可能患头痛
3. must的用法：
①表示义务、必要或命令 “必须、应该” eg: You must come early tomorrow．你明天得早来。
② 表示推测时“肯定，一定” eg: They must be at home.The light is on 他们肯定在家,灯亮着呢. 2 ③ must not 禁止，不许 eg: You must not tell lies. 你不许撒谎。
注意： ①must开头的疑问句，其否定回答通常用 don't have to 或needn't 。而不用mustn't
eg: ---Must I finish my homework first? 我必须先完成作业吗？
---No, you don't have to/ needn't. 不，你不必。
② can 和 must在 表推测时，can一般否定句中，而must 常用于肯定句中。
eg: ①It can not be Li Lei 那个人不可能是李磊
② It must be Li Lei 那个人肯定是李磊。
4. need 的用法：
① 情态动词 “需要, 有必要”一般用于否定句或疑问句中。
eg: You needn't come here this afternoon.你今天下午不必来。
② 行为动词 “需要, 有必要” 可以用于各种句式中。
eg: ①You don't need to go now. 你不必现在就走。
② I need to have a rest. 我需要休息一下
③ Do we need to finish all the work today? 我们今天需要完成所有的工作吗？
need的用法的助记口诀：
实义动词表“需要”，后接名、代、不定式。 need后接动名词，主动形式表被动。
情态动词表“需要”，没有人称 数之变。 其后直接加动原，多用疑问与否定。
【2017·北京卷】34. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.
A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put
【答案】A
考点：考查虚拟语气。
【名师点睛】
英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。
1、陈述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）
2、祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）
3、虚拟语气：不可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等. 3 一、虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法
真实条件句
If you work hard,you’ll surely pass the exam.
虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小）
If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.
1.与现在事实相反
if从句：动词过去式（be---were）
主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形
If we had time, we would go with you.
If I were you, I shouldn’t do that.
If it weren’t raining, we wouldn’t stay.
2.与过去事实相反
if从句：had done
主句：would/could/might/should+have done
If the teacher hadn’t helped us, we couldn’t have succeeded.
I could have done it better if I had been more careful.
If he hadn’t been ill, he might have come.
3.与将来事实可能相反
if从句：a.动词过去式（be一律用were）
b.should+动词原形（不能用would） if从句的谓语动词 主句谓语动词
1.与现在事实相反 动词过去式（be一律用were） would/could/might/should+动词原形
2.与过去事实相反 had done would/could/might/should+have done
3.与将来事实可能相反 a.动词过去式（be一律用were）
b.should+动词原形（不能用would）
c.were to+动词原形 would/could/might/should+动词原形 4 c.were to+动词原形
主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形
If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.
If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV.
If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.
Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him.
4.错综时间条件句
(有时时间会省略）学科
5.含蓄条件句
有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示。
They would not be able to live without him.（如果没有）
He would have failed but for his teacher’s timely advice.
（要不是）=if it had not been for
If only you had worked with greater care!(要是......就好了）
You would have done the same thing in her position.
With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident.
6.虚拟结合条件句
在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。
I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the singing competition.
（实------虚）
=I was ill that day. If I hadn’t been ill that day, I would have taken part in the singing
competition.
He would have bought the piano, but he didn’t have enough money. 5 （虚------实）
=He would have bought the piano if he had had enough money, but in fact he didn’t have enough
money.
7.省略if倒装条件句
在虚拟语气中，if从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should和were，那么可省略if，把had, should和were放在句首构成倒装，简称省略if倒装条件句。
If he had finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.
=Had he finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.
If I were you, I wouldn’t do that.
=were I you, I wouldn’t do that.
If I should meet him, I would tell him about it.
=Should I meet him, I would tell him about it.
【2017·江苏卷】22. _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome
her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it
【答案】B
【名师点睛】
在虚拟语气中，be动词只能用were；虚拟条件句省去连词if时，从句主谓部分倒装：Were/Had/Should+主
语+谓语动词...
e.g. Were I Tom, I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我会拒绝。
I will go, should it be necessary. 假若有必要，我会去的。
专题06情态动词和虚拟语气三年高考(20142016)英语试题(无答案)
专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气-三年高考（2014-2016）英语试题
2016年高考题
1.【2016·北京】31. I love the weekend, because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and
Sundays.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t D. shouldn’t
2.【2016·北京】34. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________ me, I
could have helped.
A. told B. had told C. were to tell D. would tell
3.【2016·江苏】27.If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A. had not been B. should not be C. were not to be D. should not have
been
4.【2016·天津】5. It was really annoying; I _____ get access to the data bank you had
recommended.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
5.【2016·天津】15. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ____.
A. were injured B. would be injured
高考英语 情态动词与虚拟语气选择题训练高三全册英语试题
落堕市安心阳光实验学校两汉学校高考英语 情态动词与虚拟语气选择题训练
1.(2015安徽,32)It is lucky we booked a room,or we______ nowhere to stay
now.
A.had B.had had C.would have D.would have had
2.(2015陕西,23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I______as well as
her.
A.dance B.will dance C.had danced D.danced
3.(2015江苏,28)It might have saved me some trouble______the schedule.
A.did I know B.have I known C.do I know D.had I known
4.(2015重庆,7)Without his wartime experiences,Hemingway______his
famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
A.didn’t write B.hadn’t written C.wouldn’t write
D.wouldn’t have written
5.(2015北京,34)If I______it with my own eyes,I wouldn’t have believed
it.
A.didn’t see B.weren’t seeing C.wouldn’t see D.hadn’t
seen 6.(2015天津,13)I wish I______at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday,but
I was on a business trip in New York then.
高三英语虚拟语气试题答案及解析
高三英语虚拟语气试题答案及解析
1. -- How was your trip to London ?
-- Great . I was helped by an organization . Otherwise , I _____ it.
A．Wouldn’t afford B．hadn’t afforded
C．wouldn’t have afforded D．needn’t have afforded.
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：——你的伦敦之旅怎么样？——很好，我得到了一个机构的帮助。否则，我是支付不起这个费用的。根据Otherwise 和was 可知，此处表示 的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故用would/could/might have done 结构，再结合选项可知 应选C。
考点: 考查虚拟语气
2. Thanks a lot. But for your text message, I＿＿＿my ID card at home this morning.
A．would leave B．might forget
C．would have left D．should have forgotten
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因为事情已经发生了，所以用与过去的事实相反的虚拟语气，主句要用would have + 过去分词。句意：非常感谢，要不是你的短信，今天早上我会忘记我的身份证在家的。故C正确。
【考点】考查虚拟语气
3. —Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.
—I________it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.(2011·福建)
A．attended B．had attended
C．would attend D．would have attended
高考英语 专题8：情态动词和虚拟语气(学生版)
高考中英语里常出现的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought
to，dare，need，used to，had better等。在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。
高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进行考查。
情态动词是各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。
考点1 情态动词基本含义的考查
情态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。
【典例】
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.
A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词的基本含义。had to：不得不；would：表示意愿或过去常常；could倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力；was able to表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。因此，答案是C。
【典例】
—Jim is very sick these days.He coughs so badly,
—In my opinion, he really ____ listen to the doctor and cut down on smoking.
A.should B.can
C.may D.need
专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气-三年(2021-2021)高考真题英语分项汇编(解析版)
1 三年（2021-2021）年高考真题分项汇编
专题 06 情态动词和虚拟语气
一、2020 年高考真题
1．（2020·天津卷单项填空）Jim says we stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .
A．must B．can C．need D．should
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里，只要我们保持它干净整洁。A. must 必须；
B. can 能，可以；C. need 需要；D. should 应该。根据后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知，Jim
许可我们待在他的房子里，即:我们”能，可以”待在他的房子里。故选 B。
2．（2020·天津卷单项填空）You have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done
his best.
A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词+ have done。句意：你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldn't have done 指做了本不该做的事，must have done 表示对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测；should have done 表示应当做某事而实际上未做；mustn’t 不和 have done 连用。故选 D。
【点睛】
must have done 表示对过去事情的肯定推测，指“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句：
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
三年高考(2013-2015)英语试题分项精析版——专题06 情
2013---2015年高考英语分项解析精编版
专题6 情态动词和虚拟语气
1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.
A .may B .can C . must D .dare
2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.
A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen
3.【2015·重庆】7.Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to
Arms.
A. didn’t write B. hadn’t written
C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据without
his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have
done，因此选D项。
【考点定位】考查虚拟语气
【名师点睛】虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测建议等含义，表示的含义不是客观存在的事实，此类的题目一般难度不大，主要找对时间状语，并且看分清时间状语与主句还是从句有关系，再来确定用对现在，过去还是将来的虚拟。
4.【2015·重庆】12. You ____ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
专题06情态动词和虚拟语气-三年(2017-2019)高考真题英语分项汇编(解析版)
专题06神态动词和虚构语气-三年(2017-2019)高考真题英语分项汇编(分析版)
三年（ 2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编
专题 06 神态动词和虚构语气
一、 2019 年高考真题
1.【 2019 ·江苏卷 ·单项填空】 31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together.
A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had
【答案】 C
【分析】考察虚构语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了此次参观，不然，我们本应当在一同度过一段快乐光阴
的。依据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚构，与过去事实相反的假定。其句子构造为：从句： If+ 主语 +过去完
成时 +其余，主句：主语 +should(would, could, might)+ 此刻达成时 +其余，应选 C。
2.【 2019 ·天津卷 ·单项填空】 14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in
half the time.
A. accomplished B. had accomplished
C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished
【答案】 D
【分析】考察虚构语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，不然他们用一半的时间就能达成任务。根
据上句 the workers were not better organized 可知，这是对过去事情的虚构。与过去事实相反的假定。其句子
构造为：从句： If+ 主语 +过去达成时 +其余，主句：主语 +should(would, could, might)+ 此刻达成时 +其余，故
五年高考试卷真题2013-2017年英语试题分类汇编共12个专题Word版含答案解析共341页
五年高考2015-2017年英语试题分类汇编12个专题含答案解析
专题01 冠词、名词和主谓一致（1-26页）
专题02 代词、介词和介词短语（26-54页）
专题03 形容词和副词（54-75页）
专题04 动词和动词短语（75-104页）
专题05 动词的时态和语态（104-143页）
专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气（143-176页）
专题07 非谓语动词（176-227页）
专题08 定语从句（227-249页）
专题09 连词和状语从句（249-275页）
专题10 名词性从句（275-298页）
专题11 特殊句式（298-314页）
专题12 交际用语（314-341页）
2017年试题
【2017· 江苏】24.The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely
reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】C
【解析】
【名师点睛】
一、主语从句的主谓一致
单个从句作主语时看做单数，多个从句并列作主语时看做复数。
e. g. What we lack today steel and concrete.
what从句作主语，如果主句的表语是复数，主句谓语动词用复数，否则用单数。
e. g. What he wants to get are some books.
二、定语从句的主谓一致
1. 一般情况下，关系代词作从句主语时，从句谓语动词应和先行词在数上保持一致。
2. 集体名词作先行词，被视作一个整体时，关系代词用which，从句谓语用单数；被视作若干个体的组合时，用who作关系代词，谓语动词用复数；常见的集体名词有：family,
全国2019年高考英语真题分类汇编：专题06-情态动词和虚拟语气(含答案解析)
1
2 专题六 情态动词和虚拟语气
1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.
A .may B .can C . must D .dare
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢。结合句意，故选C。
【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析
【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境。
2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.
A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。根据后半句wouldn’t have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式。故选D。
【考点定位】虚拟语气
【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气。
3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel
A Farewell to Arms.
2015届高考备战情态动词与虚拟语气历年高考题集锦含参考答案
【情态动词与虚拟语气高考题目集锦】
1. --- You needn’t take an umbrella. It isn’t going to rain. --- Well,
I don’t know. It do.
A. might B. need C. would D. should
2. He __ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea
until he had caught it.
A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
3. When I was a child, I ____ watch TV whenever I wanted to.
A. should B. could C. must D. need
4. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _____ too much at the party last night.
A. could drink B. should drink C. would have drunk D. must have
drunk
5. The children lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been
at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
A. must have got B. must get C. should have got D. should get
6. —Why are your eyes so red? You _______ have slept well last night.