大学英语四级分类模拟题471
大学英语四级分类模拟题471(总分：268.50，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part Ⅰ Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to comfort a friend who felt depressed because she couldn"t afford fashionable clothes. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：[范文]Dear Mary,You said in your letter that many of your classmates wore fashionable clothes, but you couldn"t afford them so you felt very depressed. There are different views on people"s clothes. The followings are my ideas:Firstly, you shouldn"t put too much emphasis on physical appearance. Remember that the most important task for you today is to concentrate on your studies. No matter what you wear, you will really look your best when you come out first in your examinations.Secondly, you should understand that it is a fine virtue to live in frugality. Just as a famous saying goes, "Frugality is the mother of virtue." Since your family can"t provide you with enough money to buy fashionable clothes, it is all the more necessary for you to try to lighten the financial burden of your family. And you will find the virtue of frugality benefit you a lot in your future life.I hope you understand what I mean. Hope you will take a positive attitude towards life and will be happy again when you read my letter.Yours,Anne二、Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)When you run your hands through your lover"s hair, you"re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy. Give your team-mate or colleague a pat on the back after a setback, and the chances are you"re not consciously seeking to change the mix of signalling chemicals in their brain. It may not seem like it, but these socially important rituals and others like them predate the time our species first walked the African continent.Human behaviours that involve physical social contact have a lot more in common with social grooming activities we typically associate with other species than we might initially think. When rhesus monkeys(恒河猴) or chimpanzees pick through their friends" fur, they"re not just helping them remove dirt from hard to reach spots. There is undoubtedly a hygienic benefit, but this behaviour, which animal behaviour researchers call "allogrooming", has far greater significance. For example, one chimpanzee is more likely to share food with another that has previously groomed it. Grooming also serves to ease tensions in a chimp troop following an aggressive situation. One of the most complex forms of reconciliation among chimpanzees occurs when two rival males reach a point of stalemate, neither backing down nor escalating the aggressive interaction. Sometimes, a female breaks the deadlock and eases the tension by grooming first one male, andthen the other, until the two become relaxed enough to end what amounted to an angry staring contest. According to anthropologist Robin Dunbar, this works because grooming stimulates the release of endorphins (内啡肽)—opiates produced by the brain that trigger feelings of relaxation by lowering the heart rate, reducing overt nervous behaviours like scratching, and even bringing on sleep. Female chimps that use grooming as a peacekeeping strategy may also experience their own rush of endorphins and enjoy many of the same benefits.Humans, lacking the fur of our more hirsute evolutionary cousins, had to find a replacement for allogrooming. Like grooming, gossip establishes and maintains our place in the social hierarchy. Also like grooming, the social information that makes up gossip is itself a form of currency in human culture. Or, at least, that"s the theory put forward by Dunbar. He argued, in his book Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, that the faculty of language allowed our species to substitute gossip for grooming.（分数：71.00）(1).What is the function of examples listed in paragraph 1?（分数：14.20）A.When you run your hands through your lover"s hair, you"re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy.B.It tells us grooming is a kind of social activity and what is going to explain in the upcoming paragraphs. √C.These socially important rituals and others like them predate the time our species first walked the African continent.D.It reflects what the author thinks about human beings and explains the reasons why men are willing to groom others.解析：[解析] 细节辨认题。
大学英语四级考试模拟试题
大学英语四级考试模拟试题一、单选题（共10题，共20分）1._________,the most controversial candidate in the election campaign,he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A.QuestionablyB.ArguablyC.ContentiouslyD.DebatablyABCD正确答案：B2.She’s worn his designs on__________occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A.countlessB.countableC.numericalD.numeralABCD正确答案：A3.The school is going the________mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A.finalB.furtherC.supplementaryD.extraABCD正确答案：D4.The celebrity says in court papers she“has no__________of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A.recommendationB.recordingC.recollectionD.recognitionABCD正确答案：C5.My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last20years.The italicized part in the sentence expresses _______.A.a hypothesisB.a suggestionC.a contradictionD.a surpriseABCD正确答案：A6.Last March the__________of a19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A.debrisB.ruinsC.remainsD.wreckABCD正确答案：D7.She hired a lawyer to investigate,only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed.The infinitive verb phrase“only to learn”is used____.A.to express an intended purposeB.to indicate a high degree of possibilityC.to reveal an undesirable consequenceD.to dramatize a stated factABCD正确答案：C8.Indeed,it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football,as killing and maiming___.A.warB.are warC.of warD.are of warABCD正确答案：D9.She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _______mountains behind the apple orchard.A.blue hazy VirginiaB.hazy blue VirginiaC.Virginia hazy blueD.Virginia blue hazyABCD正确答案：B10.U.S.News____________rankings of colleges since1983.They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.A.maintainsB.is maintainingC.maintainedD.has been maintainingABCD正确答案：D二、问答题（共10题，共100分）11.Part IV TranslationCulture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse.(Passage Four)正确答案：文化震撼是由于社会交往过程中失去了所有本来熟悉的标记和符号引起焦虑而产生的。
大学英语英语四级模拟题(包含答案) (4)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1.All parts of this sewing machine are______so that it is very simple to get replacements for them.A.mechanizedB.minimizedC.modernizedD.standardized2.All students in this university are requested to_____with the regulations.A.yieldplyC.submitD.consent3.All the parts of this washing machine are_____,so that it is very convenient to replace them.A.normalizedB.modernizedC.mechanizedD.standarlized4.All their_____have been shown up by their own deeds.A.debatesB.decorationsC.deductionsD.deceptions5.Although Asian countries are generally more_____in social customs than Western countries,there have been several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India.A.conservativeB.confidentialprehensiveD.consistent6.He rested his neck on_____right hand and looked me in______face.A.the,theB.his,hisC.the,hisD.his,the7.______a laser to operate,stimulated emission must predominate over absorption throughout the laser medium.A.Ordering toB.For orderingC.In order forD.The order of8.An increase in wages is an incentive_______better work.A.toB.inC.ofD.for9.Wine and song are appropriate________the occasion.A.atB.toC.onD.by10.The death of the President is a loss regretted______all.A.toB.forC.atD.by11.A doctor by training_______he was,he proved himself to be a greaterA.asB.thoughC.sinceD.if12._____the stress of examinations is over,we can all relax.A.WhileB.Even thoughC.ForD.How that13.Our city has recently started a traffic safety______.A.legendB.souvenirC.sacrificeD.campaign14.It is believed that reserves of petrol in Iraq are________to last for fifty years.A.sufficientB.efficientC.persistentD.effective15.Appreciation of a piece of art work______studies of the art,the artists,and the periods they live in.A.consistsposesC.containsD.involves16.We thought there must be something__because we hadn't heard from you for quite a long time.()A.rightB.wrongD.Bad is17.Jenny has learned a great deal of country music since____jin Nashville.()A.arrivesB.arrivingC.arrivedD.had arrived18.She had completed the work all by herself,__surprised all of us.()A.it isB.sheC.thatD.which19.Hurry up,_you will miss the first train.()A.andB.thenC.butD.or that20.The shirt doesn't fit me.it's.small for me.()A.to muchB.much tooC.too many二、翻译（共5小题，每小题3分；共计15分）1、他用所有的积蓄为儿子买了一辆自行车。
[外语类试卷]大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷47.doc
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[外语类试卷]大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷47Section C0 Forget Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? The theme song of this recession might well be "Mother, Can You Write a Check?" The distressing economy has resulted in increasing numbers of parents and grandparents helping out their strapped adult children and grandkids with home down payments, credit-card bailouts(紧急财政援助), and spare cash—often at the same time as parents are trying to confront new retirement budgets."We are seeing a ton of this," says Ross Levin, an Edina, Minn., financial adviser. "Sometimes it's a great idea and sometimes it is not. You have to make sure you put on your own oxygen mask first."Some 62 percent of visitors to have helped their kids financially in the past year, with 70 percent of that group handing over cash to help their adult children and grandchildren with daily expenses, says the site's CEO, Jerry Shereshewsky. Another popular category is housing; in the last year many parents have coughed up down payments to help their kids get into homes while the $ 8,000 first-time home buyer' s credit was in effect.Then there' s the debt-bailout situation. A survey recently conducted by Creditcards. com for Newsweek found that 42 percent of folks with adult children have helped them pay off car loans, credit cards, medical bills, and more.None of this is surprising to Shereshewsky, who sees the trend as a natural result of changing families and the distribution of wealth. "This is where all the money is—and it' s where the money is, despite the fact that we' ve had this meltdown." In general, the baby-boom generation is far wealthier than their children are, and has a lower unemployment rate than 20-somethings. He says that the vast majority of multi-generation households now involve adult children(and sometimes their children)moving in with aging parents. Baby-boom parents generally aspire to helping their kids and their grandchildren and don't want to wait until they are dead to do it."You should give while you're young enough to enjoy the fruits of what you're doing," says Shereshewsky, who is personally considering getting a reverse mortgage on his home when it comes time to help his 20-something kids with home purchases.1 According to the passage, people are regarded as "strapped" if they are______.（A）jobless in the recession（B）in financial difficulties（C）dependent on their parents（D）troubled by credit card debt2 Ross Levin thinks that sometimes, it is not a great idea that______. （A）parents have confronted new retirement budget（B）adult children disregard parents' difficulties（C）adult children spend more than they earn（D）parents help out their adult children3 With the first-time home buyer's credit,______.（A）children did not have to turn to parents for help（B）children found it easier to deal with down payment（C）parents still had to help pay for the down payment（D）parents felt relieved from expense on housing4 What do we know about the people of the baby-boom generation? （A）Most of them prefer to live with their children.（B）Most of them become parents in their twenties.（C）They have a higher employment rate than their kids.（D）They are willing to take care of their aging parents.5 Shereshewsky is most likely to agree that______.（A）parents should enjoy their own lives（B）young people should help their parents（C）young people should be independent（D）parents should help out their adult kids5 When your family wants to buy or replace a car, a television, or a washing machine, you find the money either from savings or by borrowing from the bank, a hire-purchase company or perhaps a friend. Similarly, a family buying a house for the first time commonly borrows from a building society(住宅互助委员会). If you own a private business, a garage, a shop, or a farm, you will need, from time to time, to buy new equipment, new furnishings, or, if you are doing well, new premises(房屋)so that you can expand. Some of the cost you can meet from the profits you have kept in the business, but often you will need help. You will go to your bank, to a finance house, or perhaps to a relative or friend for finance provided from his savings. When you borrow money or raise money in this way you pay it back out of future profits.Many large businesses, however, need cash for new developments or expansion far in excess of what can be provided from their profits or from private sources of capital. A new factory, an oil-well in the North Sea, can cost millions of pounds to construct and bring into production; a new design of car or brand of medicine likewise can cost millions of pounds to design, develop, test and market before it reaches the stage where it earns a profit. Often these costs can be met from profits earned in other parts of the business or from <u>reserves</u> built up from profits earned in past years. Sometimes, however, it is necessary, and often it may be more advantageous, to raise new money from other sources.There can be little prospect of raising the sort of stuns needed by major businesses from friends or acquaintances, and generally the banks are reluctant to provide sufficient cash on a permanent basis for long-term projects, though they will provide short-term finance. Such companies can sometimes only raise the money they need to stay in the front of industry and develop new products and sources of production by turning to the public at large and inviting it to lend them cash or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they can do by offering shares in the business or loan capital through stock exchange(证券交易所).6 If you want to buy a house for the first time, which of the following could you do? （A）Borrow money from a building society.（B）Borrow money from a bank.（C）Take money from your savings.（D）Ask a friend to help you out.7 Large businesses need to borrow huge amounts of money because______. （A）developing and producing a new product take a long time（B）they can not make enough profits（C）developing and expanding production cost a lot of money（D）a new factory can cost millions of pounds to construct8 Which of the following has the same meaning with "reserves"(Line 7, Para. 2)? （A）Savings.（B）Means.（C）Jewelry.（D）Content.9 Major business gets money to pay for expansion by______.（A）borrowing from friends（B）borrowing from building societies（C）turning to banks（D）selling shares of the company10 According to the passage, we can know that______.（A）small companies can only get financial help from the bank（B）the bank won' t lend money to individuals（C）the bank is pleased to provide long-term finance for the large businesses（D）the bank can provide short-term money for the large business10 No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are demanding to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of a whole. The individual in a uniform loses all self-worth.There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a larger, more important concept. What could be more important than the individual himself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence. Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in a school, eliminates all envy and competition in the matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing is not to be belittled by a wealthy person who wears expensive quality clothing. Those persons conveniently ignore such critical concepts as freedom of choice, motivation, and individuality. If all persons were to wear the same clothing, why would anyone strive to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of foods. When this happens, all <u>incentive</u> to improve one' s life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had?Uniforms also hurt the economy. Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly. Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Sales persons would be superfluous as well; why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry, which in turn would have a ripple effect on such industries as advertising and promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business. One entire information and entertainment industry would collapse.11 What is the main idea of this passage?（A）Wearing uniforms has both advantages and disadvantages.（B）Wearing uniforms should be promoted strongly.（C）Wearing uniforms will destroy economy.（D）Wearing uniforms has many negative effects.12 According to the author, if a person wears a uniform, he will lose his______. （A）importance（B）meaning（C）self-value（D）pride13 In the author' s opinion, which is the most important thing?（A）Society.（B）Individuality.（C）One' s image.（D）Dignity.14 The underlined word "incentive" in paragraph 2 in probably means______. （A）efforts（B）motivation（C）skills（D）attempts15 The writer's attitude of this passage is apparently（A）disapproved（B）positive（C）pessimistic（D）sarcastic15 Most economists hate gold. Not, you understand, that they would turn up their noses at a bar or two. But they find the reverence in which many hold the metal almost irrational. Modern money takes the form of paper or, more often, electronic data. To economists, gold is now just another commodity.So why is its price soaring? Over the past week, this has topped $450 a troy ounce, up by 9% since the beginning of the year and 77% since April 2001. Ah, comes the reply, gold transactions are denominated in dollars, and the rise in the price simply reflects the dollar's fall in terms of other currencies, especially the euro. However, there is no iron link, as it were, between the value of the dollar and the value of gold. A rising price of gold, like that of anything else, can reflect an increase in demand as well as a depreciation of its unit of account.This is where gold bulls come in. The fall in the dollar is important, but mainly because as a store of value the dollar stinks. With a few longish rallies, the greenback has been on a downward trend since it came off the gold standard in 1971. Now it is suffering one of its sharper declines. At the margin, extra demand has come from those who think dollars—indeed any money backed by nothing more than promises to keep inflation low—a decidedly risky investment, mainly because America, with the world' s reserve currency, has been able to create and borrow so many of them. The least painful way of repaying those dollars is to make them worth less.The striking exception to this extra demand comes from central banks, which would like to sell some of the gold they already have. Last month the Bank of France said it would sell 500 tonnes in coming years. But big sales by central banks can cause the price to plunge—as when the Bank of England sold 395 tonnes between 1999 and 2002. The result was an agreement between central banks to co-ordinate and limit future sales.If the price of gold marches higher, this agreement will presumably be <u>rippedup</u>, although a dollar crisis might make central banks think twice about switching into paper money. Will the overhang of central-bank gold drag the price down again? Not necessarily. As James Grant points out, in recent years the huge glut of government debt has not stopped a sharp rise in its price.16 In economists' eyes, gold is something______.（A）they look down upon（B）that can be exchanged in the market（C）worth people' s reverence（D）that should be replaced by other forms of money17 According to the author, one of the reasons for the rising of gold price is______. （A）the increasing demand for gold（B）the depreciation of the euro（C）the link between the dollar and gold（D）the increment of the value of the dollar18 We can infer from the third paragraph that______.（A）the decline of the dollar is inevitable（B）America benefits from the depreciation of the dollar（C）the depreciation of the dollar is good news to other currencies（D）investment in the dollar yields more returns than that in gold19 The phrase "ripped up"(Line 1, Para.5)most probably means______.（A）strengthened（B）broadened（C）renegotiated（D）torn up20 According to the passage, the rise of gold price______. （A）will not last long（B）will attract some central banks to sell gold（C）will impel central banks to switch into paper money （D）will lead to a dollar crisis。
大学英语四级分类模拟题474_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
大学英语四级分类模拟题474(总分178.5, 做题时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ Writing1.Adequate Preparation Should Be Given to Exams1．如今不少大学生在考试前不做充分的准备2．出现这种现象的原因是…3．为了改变这种状况，我认为…SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 16.5Adequate Preparation Should Be Given to ExamsAs is known to all, quite some college students seldom take exams with adequate preparation, which leads to low marks or even failurein the exams.The reasons for this phenomenon lie in many aspects. In the first place, college students nowadays attach less importance to marks and exams. Second, college students are occupied by so many activities that they can just spare little time for exam preparation. In addition, some teachers fail to be strict with the students, which encourages students to .neglect the exams.To solve this problem, I think both students and teachers should play their parts. On the one hand, students should have a proper attitude towards exam preparation, through which they can have a **mand of the knowledge. On the other hand, teachers ought to control the exams more strictly.Part Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPassage OneThe contribution genes make to intelligence increases as children grow older. This goes against the notion most people hold that as we age, environmental influences gradually overpower the genetic legacy we are born with — and may have implications for education. "People assume the genetic influence goes down with age because the environmental differences between people pile up in life," says Robert Plomin. "What we found was quite amazing, and goes in the other direction."Previous studies have shown variations in intelligence are at least partly due to genetics. To find out whether this genetic contribution varies with age, Plomin"s team pooled data from six separate studies carried out in the US, the UK, Australia and the Netherlands, involving a total of 11,000 pairs of twins.In these studies, the researchers tested twins on reasoning, logic and arithmetic to measure a quantity called general cognitiveability, or "g". Each study also included both identical twins, with same genes, and fraternal twins, sharing about half their genes, making it possible to disentangle (分清) the contributions of genes and environment to their "g" scores.Plomin"s team calculated that in childhood, genes account for about 41 percent of the variation in intelligence. In adolescence, this rose to 55 percent; by young adulthood, it was 66 percent.No one knows why the influence from genes should increase with age, but Plomin suggests that as children get older; they become better at exploiting and manipulating their environment to suit their genetic needs, and says "Kids with high "g" will use their environment to foster their cognitive ability and choose friends who are like-minded." Children with medium to low "g" may choose less challenging pastimes and activities, further emphasising their genetic legacy. Is there any way to interfere with the pattern? Perhaps. "The evidence of strong heritability doesn"t mean at all that there"s nothing you can do about it," says Susanne Jaeggi. "From our own work, the ones that started off with lower IQ scores had higher gains after training."Plomin suggests that genetic differences may be more emphasised ifall children share an identical curriculum instead of it being tailored to children"s natural abilities. "My inclination (倾向) would be to give everyone a good education, but put more effort into the lower end," he says.Intelligence researcher Paul Thompson agrees, "It shows that educators need to steer kids towards things drawing out their natural talents."SSS_SINGLE_SEL1.Most people think the intelligence increases ______.A are affected more by environment than the genetic legacy with ageB should be attributed more to the contribution that genes make with ageC are closely connected with the genetic legacy with ageD go against the implication of the education with age该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 14.2答案:A[解析] 根据题干中的most people和intelligence increases将本题出处定位于第1段前两句。
大学英语四级分类模拟题400(精品文档)_共3页
大学英语四级分类模拟题400Reading ComprehensionSection AWhen I was young, my dad and I searched the shed for glass jars andfilled them with varying 1 of water to make our own musical instrument. For me it was the start of a lifelong 2 for science—yet I didn't go on to become a scientist. I was a 3 fan of painting and writing at school, so I saw myself as an artist. I excluded myself from science because I didn't think I could do both.We need scientists more than ever, not least to work out how to 4the effects of climate change. But like me, many children who 5 showan interest in science are rejecting the subject at school. What's the reason and what can we do about it? I believe that children are natural-born scientists. They have exploring spirit and they aren't 6 to admit that they don't know something. If you think about the spirit of science—deciding what you want to find out, setting out how you're going to discover it, then carrying out the experiment and coming to a 7 —that's how kids work. Unfortunately, most of us lose this as we get 8 . Instead of finding things out by ourselves, we. make 9 that often turn out to be wrong.So it's not a matter of getting kids interested in science. You just have to find a way to 10 killing the passion for learning that they were born with.A. afraid I. initiallyB. amounts J. massiveC. assumptions K. olderD. avoid L. passionE. conclusion M. strongerF. eager N. tackleG. finally O. understandingH. illusionsSection BBuildings That Can BreatheA. At first glance, you might not suspect that the Philip Merrill Environmental Center in Annapolis, Md., is as earth friendly as an old windmill. As the headquarters of the Chesapeake Bay Foundation, it displays more wood construction than the typical large building these days. But to understand what the designers, Smith Group, did to make it truly different, you would have to know that one-third of its energy comes from geothermal heat pumps that utilize the earth's warmth and photovoltaic building panels that convert sunlight into electricity. Or that rainfall collected on the roof can be channeled into huge holding tanks for reuse in irrigation. Or that its sunscreen overhangs are made from recycled pickle barrels. Whole platoons (一组) of enforcementlawyers for the Environmental Protection Agency could not be more ecologically effective than its waterless composting toilets, bamboo flooring and timber cut from sustainably harvested wood.B. The Merrill Center epitomizes the new wave of "green architecture," a catch-all term for design and construction practicesthat take into account a whole checklist of environmental goals. How abuilding is sited, how well it reuses its wastewater, how efficiently itis heated and cooled—those are all questions green architects examineclosely. To answer them, they have access to a new generation ofsupplies that include nonpolluting paints, low-flow toilets and windowsglazed to admit sunlight but reduce heat radiation. The Adam J. LewisCenter for Environmental Studies at Oberlin College even has a state-@ the-art (最先进的) disinfectant system that cleans toilet water for reuse. (No, not in drinking fountains.) But green design is not all about hightech. One simple idea: windows on high-rises that actually open. Thatfacilitates natural air-ventilation systems, also known as breezes.C. No one can deny that when it comes to the environment, buildingsare right up there with automobiles as polluters. Homes, schools, officetowers and shopping centers dirty their own little rivers of water everyday. With their air-conditioning and heating systems, they waste largeamounts of electrical and fossil-fuel power. Toxic ingredients leachfrom building materials and foul the air. Decades ago, only a fewenvironmentally minded architects cared about such things. "ClassicModernism didn't even think about the environment," says James Wines, founder of SITE, a pioneering green-design firm. "The Modernists worshipped industrialism and industrial material because that was the future."D. That began to change in the 1970s with that decade's oil shocks,which produced a short-lived vogue for alternate heating technologies.The simultaneous rise of environmentalism inspired what you might callhobbit architecture, cottages crowned with listless greenery and the oddsolar panel. But it wasn't until the 1990s that green architecturegained a foothold in mainstream building. That was partly the result ofa growing realization that "sustainable" buildings have lower long-termheating and cooling costs. States began offering tax incentives forconstruction that put less pressure on power grids or water supplies.Coming of age at the same time was a generation of architects who wereknowledgeable about environmentally conscious construction materials andtechniques.E. A dozen years ago, the U.S. Green Building Council, anassociation of architects, builders and other green specialists, adoptedthe Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED. certificationsystem, which sets out standards that a building must meet to qualify asenvironmentally friendly. The council estimates that today at least 3%of new buildings each year have some Earth-friendly features. "Thegrowth of green building is driven partly by energy efficiency and othercost savings," says Christine Ervin, the former president and CEO of thecouncil, "but also by the need of businesses to attract the bestemployees. These buildings can make very attractive work places."F. Some of the most prominent names in architecture have turnedgreen, at least for selected projects. The three-sided Commerzbankheadquarters in Frankfurt, Germany, is one of the leafiest. All aroundits triangular interior atrium (中庭) are gardens in the sky, set at different elevations, so that no worker is more than a few floors away from a sizable patch of greenery. "Building allows us to explore nature in a different way," says Jeremy Edmiston, of System Architects, "We're looking at ways to put parks into high-rise buildings."G. Natural air circulation is a preoccupation of green architecture.With the widespread adoption of air conditioning after World War II, thetypical office building was constructed to be more airtight than amummy's tomb. Now designers are rediscovering principles of ventilationand air circulation familiar to builders of the 19th century. The RockyMountain Institute once took part in an environmental upgrade of the White House and the vintage (古老的) Executive Office Building. "We discovered that the old office building was already designed with a natural ventilation system—a fairly brilliant one," says William Browning, the institute's senior consultant for green development.H. Not everything green is rosy. To provide sunlight that reduces reliance on electrical lighting, environmentally conscious designerstend to favor open-plan workplaces over offices with doors that close. That can be good for nature, less good for quiet and privacy. And big suburban residential developers are not piling in yet. Reduced long-term energy costs, for instance, are not an important incentive to builders who plan to sell off the homes they build right away.I. Some green architecture is literally green. Dwellings that nestle directly into the landscape like caves, with carpets of earth and grass rolling over them as roofing, were among the first and mostthoroughgoing examples of green architecture in the 1970s. At the end of the last century, Chicago's City Hall, a 1911-Classical-Revival building, was topped by a "green roof"—a 20,000-square-foot garden that wasplanted as a climate-control mechanism. Built from a blend of compost, mulch and sponge-like materials that hold water more effectively than regular soil, the low-maintenance garden of 20,000 plantings is intended to reduce City Hall's air-conditioning and heating costs by as much as $6,000 each year. In summer the garden helps keep the building cool by shielding it under a layer of moist material. In winter it insulates against cold. In both seasons, it reduces the storm-water runoff that occasionally overflows the Chicago sewers leading to Lake Michigan. Though the garden has yellowed a bit this summer, it still provides its cost-cutting benefits. Not incidentally, it also provides a habitat for birds, butterflies and grasshoppers. But not yet for people—the gardenis closed to the public. Sometimes nature needs to work in peace.11、 The office building after World War II performed badly in naturalair circulation.12、 Decades ago, only a few architects considered buildings' effect on the environment.13、 In order to let the garden roof of Chicago's City Hall function well, the public are not allowed to get in there.14、 According to Christine Ervin, one factor that popularizes green buildings is that they help attract excellent employees.15、 The design of open-plan workplaces is at the sacrifice of quiet and privacy.16、 One factor that differs the headquarters of the Chesapeake Bay Foundation from other buildings is its waterless composting toilets.17、 The "green roof" of Chicago's City Hall was designed to helpregulate the temperature of the building.18、 Green architecture's fully making use of nature such as wind can bea way of green design.19、 William Browning thinks the natural ventilation system of the old Executive Office Building was fairly brilliant.20、 The realization that "sustainable" buildings can reduce costs served as a drive for the green architecture trend in the 1990s.Section CPassage OneThe age at which kids first fall victim to bullying (欺侮) couldinfluence how strongly they are affected, suggests a new study. And, surprisingly, it is not the youngest kids who are hurt the most in the long term.Bullying can have long-lasting effects, but particularly when it begins in adolescence, the researchers say. People subjected to either verbal (口头的) or physical bullying are known to be at greater risk of developing depression, anxiety disorders or to behave violently. But not everyone reacts in this way.Children bullied for the first time before they hit adolescence seem to get over it, but those who are victimized for the first time later on in adolescence seem to become more aggressive or are more likely to turn to drink as a means of coping. These are the conclusions of psychologist Matthew Newman and colleagues from the University of Texas at Austin, U.S.The team gave questionnaires to nearly 1,500 college students regarding their experience of physical and psychological bullying before adolescence—before high school—and in late adolescence—at high school. They assessed mood and mental state by signs of anxiety or depression, such as sleeplessness. The group was also questioned about how they would react to certain challenges, such as being humiliated or provoked. People who were bullied all revealed slightly higher levels of stress. But while those bullied earlier in life seemed to respond normally to provocation, people bullied for the first time late in adolescence are more withdrawn and sensitive to violence.There are also sex differences between those bullied for the first time during adolescence, with females more likely to react aggressively when provoked and males much more likely to turn to alcohol to escape bad situations.The best solution in all cases was strong social support, whether from friends, family or school. Those with no one to share their problems suffered the most.So perhaps it is best not to shelter children completely frombullying early on, suggests Newman. "They may get stressed, butunhealthy coping really jumps out when they are bullied for the first time later on."21、 What determines the degree of bullying's effect on people according to the new study?A. The reason why they are bullied. C. The age at which they are first bullied.B. The place where they are first bullied. D. The person whofirst bullies them.22、 What does Newman think may happen to those first bullied later on in adolescence?A. They are likely to be more aggressive.B. They seem to easily get over the effect of bullying.C. Most of them will respond to bullying normally.D. Most of them are afraid of sharing their problems.23、 What does the author say about the people who were bullied?A. They were all likely to respond to provocation violently.B. They all suffered from slightly higher degree of stress.C. They all became a little aggressive and rude.D. They were all likely to be unconfident in public.24、 What reflects the sex differences between people bullied for thefirst time during adolescence?A. The support they get from the society. C. The way they reactto provocation.B. The effect bullying has on them. D. The type of bullying they receive.25、 What does Newman think will happen if children are protected completely from bullying early on?A. They will lose the ability to solve problems independently.B. They are unlikely to master proper social skills later on.C. They will never become sensitive to violence and aggression.D. They are likely to handle the first bullying improperly later on. Passage TwoThe health-care economy is filled with unusual and even unique economic relationships. One of the least understood involves the peculiar rolesof producer or "provider" and purchaser or "consumer" in the typical doctor-patient relationship. In most areas of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducements (引诱物) of price, quality, and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. Such condition, however, does not exist in mostof the health-care industry.In the health-care industry, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician—and even then there may be no real choice—it is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return "next Wednesday", whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. Itis a rare and sophisticated patient who will challenge such professional decisions or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the disease is regarded as serious.This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify (证明) the need for hospitalization, determinewhat procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor's judgments that are final. No wonder that in the eye of the hospital it is the physician who is the real "consumer." As a consequence, the medical staff represents the "power center" in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable (可以确认的) participants—the hospital, the physician, the patient, and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government)—the physician makes the essential for all of them, The hospital becomes an extension of the physician; the payer generally meets most of the bills generated by the physician/hospital, and for the most part the patient plays a passive role. We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care expenditures are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, economy directed at patients or the general is relatively ineffective.26、 In what respect is the health-care economy different from otherareas of economy?A. It is the doctor who makes important buying decisions in health-care economy.B. Patients have no rights to choose what they need to buy inhealth-care economy.C. Most of the bills generated by patients are paid by insurance carriers in health-care economy.D. Patients are usually induced by the quality and well-knowndoctors of a hospital.27、 What does a doctor actually mean by telling a patient to return "next Wednesday"?A. He is instructing the patient to buy more medical services.B. He is warning the patient that a hospital stay might be necessary.C. He is advising the patient to ask another doctor for advice.D. He is admitting that the initial visit was ineffective.28、 Why are doctors able to determine hospital policies?A. They can bring profits for the hospitals.B. They have special rights in hospitals.C. They are ultimately responsible for the patients' health.D. They are administrators of the hospitals.29、 What makes economy directed at patients ineffective?A. The payers play a very passive role in it.B. Doctors rather than patients determine most of its expenditures.C. Patients have no power to make decisions in it.D. It lacks the mechanism of government supervision.30、What is the author's primary purpose in writing the passage?A. To criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patients.B. To analyze some important economic factors in health-care industry.C. To urge hospitals to give back their decision-making authority.D. To inform potential patients of their health-care rights.答案:Reading ComprehensionSection A1、[解析] 本空应填名词。
大学英语四级分类模拟题474
大学英语四级分类模拟题474(总分：178.50，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part Ⅰ Writing(总题数：1，分数：16.50)1.Adequate Preparation Should Be Given to Exams1．如今不少大学生在考试前不做充分的准备2．出现这种现象的原因是…3．为了改变这种状况，我认为…（分数：16.50）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：Adequate Preparation Should Be Given to ExamsAs is known to all, quite some college students seldom take exams with adequate preparation, which leads to low marks or even failure in the exams.The reasons for this phenomenon lie in many aspects. In the first place, college students nowadays attach less importance to marks and exams. Second, college students are occupied by so many activities that they can just spare little time for exam preparation. In addition, some teachers fail to be strict with the students, which encourages students to .neglect the exams.To solve this problem, I think both students and teachers should play their parts. On the one hand, students should have a proper attitude towards exam preparation, through which they can have a better command of the knowledge. On the other hand, teachers ought to control the exams more strictly.二、Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The contribution genes make to intelligence increases as children grow older. This goes against the notion most people hold that as we age, environmental influences gradually overpower the genetic legacy we are born with — and may have implications for education."People assume the genetic influence goes down with age because the environmental differences between people pile up in life," says Robert Plomin. "What we found was quite amazing, and goes in the other direction."Previous studies have shown variations in intelligence are at least partly due to genetics. To find out whether this genetic contribution varies with age, Plomin"s team pooled data from six separate studies carried out in the US, the UK, Australia and the Netherlands, involving a total of 11,000 pairs of twins.In these studies, the researchers tested twins on reasoning, logic and arithmetic to measure a quantity called general cognitive ability, or "g". Each study also included both identical twins, with same genes, and fraternal twins, sharing about half their genes, making it possible to disentangle (分清) the contributions of genes and environment to their "g" scores.Plomin"s team calculated that in childhood, genes account for about 41 percent of the variation in intelligence. In adolescence, this rose to 55 percent; by young adulthood, it was 66 percent. No one knows why the influence from genes should increase with age, but Plomin suggests that as children get older; they become better at exploiting and manipulating their environment to suit their genetic needs, and says "Kids with high "g" will use their environment to foster theircognitive ability and choose friends who are like-minded." Children with medium to low "g" may choose less challenging pastimes and activities, further emphasising their genetic legacy.Is there any way to interfere with the pattern? Perhaps. "The evidence of strong heritability doesn"t mean at all that there"s nothing you can do about it," says Susanne Jaeggi. "From our own work, the ones that started off with lower IQ scores had higher gains after training." Plomin suggests that genetic differences may be more emphasised if all children share an identical curriculum instead of it being tailored to children"s natural abilities. "My inclination (倾向) would be to give everyone a good education, but put more effort into the lower end," he says. Intelligence researcher Paul Thompson agrees, "It shows that educators need to steer kids towards things drawing out their natural talents."（分数：71.00）(1).Most people think the intelligence increases ______.（分数：14.20）A.are affected more by environment than the genetic legacy with age √B.should be attributed more to the contribution that genes make with ageC.are closely connected with the genetic legacy with ageD.go against the implication of the education with age解析：[解析] 根据题干中的most people和intelligence increases将本题出处定位于第1段前两句。
大学英语四级模拟试题四(附含答案解析)
大学英语四级模拟题四Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneAir pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem.Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases.Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度）. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt（易于的）to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers.Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀）our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control.1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because .A. it may cause pilots to be illB. engines may fail from the air-borne dirtC. visibility is reducedD. it brings a lot of black snow2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and .A. intelligence levelsB. birth problemsC. man’s behaviorD. the nervous system3. Scientists have not yet determined .A. all of the effects of pollution on the human bodyB. how pollution can be controlled successfullyC. when the atmosphere first became pollutedD. how some snow becomes black4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, .A. factories will be forced to stop operatingB. buildings should be protectedC. the earth will begin to grow colderD. more money should be spent to solve the problem5. We can conclude that .A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlledB. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in AmericaC. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problemD. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollutionPassage TwoStiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.”Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. TheTrade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s stilettos to divert tension away from Labor chaos.”Michelle Dewberry, a former winner of The Apprentice, said the motion was patronizing （自认为高人一等的）. “This is absolutely ridiculous and I think these union officials should be spending their time dealing with more important issues”, she said. “I’m at work in five-inch heels and perfectly able to do my job. Heels are sexy, they boost your confidence and they are empowering to women. I can’t imagine these officials debating a motion about how tightly men should wear their ties. Wearing heels is a personal choice.”6. Which of the following best explains what stiletto heels are?A. Very high heels that women wear.B. Shoes with an inch heel limitC. High heels most appropriate for catwalks.D. Shoes most suitable for retailsector worker7. Why do the Trade Union leaders propose to ban stiletto heels from the workplace?A. Because they don’t want to have the workplace look like Hollywood.B. Because they think the stiletto heels give women excuse to ask for a sick leave.C. Because the shoes are believed to be harmful to people’s health.D. Because they hold the idea that women themselves should decide what to wear.8. Why did Nadline Dorries criticize the motion?A. Because she feels the extra height helps people to find her.B. Because she feels the extra height improves her vision.C. Because she feels the extra height adds to her personal charm.D. Because she feels the extra height makes her more confident.9. What is Michelle Dewberry’s opinion on the motion?A. The union leaders should mind their own business.B. Women are perfectly able to decide what to wear.C. Union officials shouldn’t have debates on any motions.D. Women will never be hurt wearing the stiletto heels.10. What can you infer from the passage?A. Union leaders care about women employees very much.B. Women think differently from male union leaders.C. There is going to be a heated debate over this motion.D. Height means power and confidence at workplaces.Part Two Listening Comprehension (35’)Section A (1’×15 = 15’) Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.11.A. Invite four people to dinner.B. Book a corner table for six.C. Give a birthday party in the restaurant.D. Book a table for four people at 6:00.12.A. Teacher and student. B. Patient and doctor.C. Customer and waiter.D. Husband and wife.13.A. Walking. B. Sightseeing.C. Driving.D. Shopping.14.A. The man lives in New York.B. The man enjoys his trip.C. The man is going to phone the woman.D. Someone is waiting for him.15.A. She will decide later.B. She doesn’t care for either.C. She doesn’t want to go out.D. She wants the man to decide.16.A. Frank’s car was accidentally lost.B. Frank was killed in a car accident.C. Frank fell out of a car.D. Frank survived a car accident.17. A. At 8:30. B. At 9:00.C. At 9:10.D. At 10:00.18. A. Coming back for a later show.B. Waiting in a queue.C. Coming back in five minutes.D. Not going to the movie today.Conversation OneQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. 80 pounds a month.B. 100 pounds a month.C. Ranging from 80 to 100 pounds a month.D. 180 pounds a month.20.A. 2 bedrooms with the kitchen and dining room separated or combined.B. 2 bedrooms with kitchen and dining room separated.C. 2 bedrooms with kitchen and dining room combined.D. 2 bedrooms without the kitchen and dining room.21. A. 0.5 mile.B. 1 mile.C. 1.5 miles.D. 2 miles.22. A. Look for more houses that might meet their needs.B. Go to the ideal house and have a look.C. Talk with their parents about the rental fees.D. Sign the contract terms.Conversation TwoQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. Their different plans for summer vacation.B. A vacation without the sea.C. The silver beams of the moon reflected on the ocean.D. A group of tourists going to the mountain every summer.24. A. To go swimming every day.B. To stay in the mountains as usual.C. To go to the seaside.D. To enjoy the silver beams of the moon.25. A. He likes swimming.B. He will still go to the mountains this summer.C. He doesn’t want to go to the seaside.D. He will go to a seaside city alone.Section B (1’×10 = 10’) Directions: In this section, you are going to hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26 A. Lack of confidence.B. Lack of intelligence.C. Carelessness.D. Absent-mindedness. 27 A. To accompany his children on a train ride.B. To have a holiday with his children on the beach.C. To take his children to visit a friend of his in a seaside town.D. To stay at home and take care of his children.28 A. He could not find his children at the station.B. He could not find the piece of paper his wife gave him.C. He forgot the phone number of his home.D. The train had already gone.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29 A. She told Peter to buy her an inexpensive gift.B. She told Peter not to buy her a gift.C. She told Peter to buy her an expensive gift.D. She told Peter not to buy any gift but write her a letter.30 A. The history and grammar of languages.B. Everyday use of language.C. Homes, work, coffee shops, elevators, and supermarkets.D. The relationship between people.31 A. The differences between the way men and women travel to different places.B. The differences in the way people treat others’ conversation.C. The differences between the way men and women communicate.D. The differences in the way people from different geographic areas behave.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32 A. He listens to music and makes music himself.B. He listens to music from early in the morning till late at night, at home and at school.C. He goes to discos, parties and concerts frequently.D. He listens to music while he is having breakfast and doing homework.33 A. It makes young people neglect their studies.B. It causes clashes between parents and their teenage children.C. It is often too loud.D. It is often linked to young people taking drugs.34 A. Steve would take drugs.B. Steve’s hearing would be damaged someday.C. Steve would sooner or later get mixed up with some evil guys.D. Steve would become self-centered.35 A. Music has become a very important part of life for children and adults.B. Whether music is good or not to people depends on how it is used.C. Teenagers nowadays spend less time on their studies than listening to music.D. Music has more negative effects than positive effects on teenagers. Section C (10’) Directions : In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. （请写在答题纸上） Advertising is a way of bringing (36) to the public for the purpose of selling a product, a service, an idea, or an (37) . The information is transmitted by means of (38) ___________ word or over the air. It may be presented as a simple (39) ____________ of fact, or as more often, it may be offered in colorful or even (40) language. All advertising is intended to stimulate people to do some (41) __________ things, such as buy a product, order a service, join an organization, or (42) ___________ a meeting and so on. Each advertisement is paid for by a person, a group, an organization, or a (43) ___________ enterprise seeking to advance his or her goals. In a modern society, everyone uses advertising in one way or another. A person may obtain a job by answering a classified ad, or sometimes called a small ad. It is placed in a newspaper by those wishing to sell or buy something, lease or rent something, offer or get employment, etc. (44) _____________________ whose advertisements express ideas that attract him. In choosing food products and other items of daily living, he is usually guided or influenced by advertising. (45) ___________________________. Advertising has certainly played an important part in making modern goods and services available to the general public, it hastened consumer ’s acceptance of such new products as cars, telephones, electric refrigerators, and frozen foods. (46) ___________________________________. Part Three Vocabulary and Structure (0.5’×20 = 10’) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 47. Isn ’t this straw hat beautiful? My wife ________ it on her business trip to China last year. A. runs into B. came upon with C. came upon D. comes across 48. The spokesman was merely given a _____ version of the document, so he didn ’t know much about the details.A. condenseB. condensedC. condensingD. condensable 49. To be granted a substantial yearly bonus （奖金）is considered ________ to getting a raise in pay. A. comparison B. comparative C. comparably D. comparable 50. The boss ________ him that she had no plan to let him go. A. insured B. ensured C. assured D. sured 51. Plenty of football and basketball clubs are eager to________ young athletes if they showgreat promise. A. smash B. sponsor C. steer D. spur 52. _________ fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 53. Anyone without patience and _________ is unlikely to make a good researcher. A. persistence B. consist C. consistence D. persist 54. The new secretary has written a remarkably ________ report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.A. briskB. preciseC. elaborateD. concise 55. He returned to his hometown so that he could ________ his passion for football. A. indulge B. break C. limit D. obsess 56. From all the indications, it is safe to ________ that the prices of cars will go down by large margins. A. consume B. assure C. resume D. assume57. He tried to explain the complicated theory to me, but I got even more _______ by the technical terms in his explanation. A. encouraged B. confused C. imported D. convinced 58. As the clouds drifted away, an even higher peak became_______ to the climbers. A. evident B. apparent C. visible D. obvious59. She wants to drop out of college and become a singer, but her parents _______ very muchon her intention.A. frownB. emphasizeC. disapproveD. focus60. A peculiarly pointed chin is her most memorable facial _______. A. mark B. feature C. appearance D. trace61. I have bought so many new books this year that it ’s really difficult for me to keep _______ of them.A. accountB. recountC. constantD. count62. The theories of relativity have made _______ changes in our views of the universe.A. fundamentalB. ambitiousC. linguisticD. respective63. The lady dressed in the latest Paris fashion is _______ in her appearance but rude inher speech.A. excessiveB. elaborateC. elegantD. exaggerated64. The failure of the movie hastened her decision to _______ from the glamorous screen andspend more time with her family.A. retreatB. resignC. rejectD. replace65. Our _______ talks promise a good future for our cooperation.A. exteriorB. initialC. interiorD. invisible66. There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons, but my favorite time is the _______from fall to winter.A. transmissionB. transformationC. transitionD. transfer Part Four Banked Cloze (1’×10 = 10’)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. （请在答题纸上写单词的代号）Ivory Soap is an American institution, about widely recognized as the Washington Monument and far more well respected than Congress. It had already (67) ____________ this noble status when Theodore Roosevelt was still a rough-riding cowboy in North Dakota. Introduced in 1879 as an (68) ____________ white soap intended to rival the quality of (69) ____________ soaps, it was mass marketed by means of one of the first nationwide advertising (70) ____________. People were told that Ivory was “so pure that it floats,”and the notion took (71) ____________. As a result, at least half a dozen generations of Americans have gotten themselves clean with Ivory.So many hands, faces, and baby bottoms have been washed with Ivory that their numbers (72) ____________ the imagination. Not even Proctor & Gamble knows how many billions of (73) ____________ of Ivory have been sold. The company keeps a precise count, (74) ____________, of the billions of dollars it earns. (75) ____________ sales of Ivory Soap, Ivory Snow, Crest toothpaste, Folger’s coffee, and the hundreds of other products now marketed under the Proctor & Gamble umbrella (76) ____________ thirty billion dollars.Part Five Translation （写在答题纸上）( 2’×5 = 10’)Directions: Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.77. If you do have financial difficulties, __________ (你可以申请学生贷款).78. His mother insisted that __________ (他每月的零花钱不能超过100元).79. His first debate on TV __________ (给听众留下了深刻的印象).80. It’s one thing to understand the principle, __________ (要付诸实践又是另外一回事).81. We bought a car last month, __________ (是用我的名字登记的).Part Six Writing ( 15’ ×1=15’)Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topic Graduates’Cost in Job-hunting. You should write at least 120 words (no more than 150 words) based on the topic sentence for each paragraph:1.大学生的求职花费逐年增高2.分析原因3.我的观点（注：作文写在答题纸上）大学英语四级模拟题四答案Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’)1-5 C B A D A 6-10 A C D B CPart Two Listening Comprehension (1’×25+0.5×8+2×3 = 35’)11-15 D C C B D 16-20 D C A C A 21-25 A B A C A 26-30 D B B B B 31-35 C D D B B 36. information 37. event 38. printed 39. statement40. emotional 41. specific 42. attend 43. business44. A person may decide to join an organization.45. Advertisements may also influence his choice of a vacation spot, hotel, etc.46.It seeks to make each product represent a new and better way of life.Part Three Vocabulary and Structure (0.5’×20 = 10’) 47-51 C B D C B 52-56 B A D A D 57-61 B C A B D 62-66 A C A B CPart Four Banked Cloze (1’×10 = 10’)67-71 A I G L O 72-76 D K C M JPart Five Translation ( 2’×5 = 10’)77.you can apply for a student loan.78.his pocket money (should) not exceed 100 yuan per month.79. made / left a deep impression on his audience.80. it’s another thing to put it into practice.81. which was registered under my name / and it was registered under my name.Part Six Writing ( 15’×1=15’) Open.。