北京市2019年中考英语一轮复习第一篇教材梳理篇第04课时课件2
基础自主梳理
必备词汇
21. coast 海岸;海滨
22. coat
外套;涂层;表皮;皮毛
23. coffee 咖啡
24. coin
硬币
25. cold
寒冷的;感冒
26. collect 27. college
收集,搜集 学院;专科学校
28. colo(u)r 颜色;给……着色,涂色
29. come 来,来到
【归纳拓展】 cost的相关短语: (1)at all cost/at any cost 不惜任何 代价,无论如何 (2)at the cost of 以……为代价
核心考点突破
【题10】 根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)我们将不惜任何代价挽救他的生命。
We will save his life at
all/any
【词义辨析】 sb spend(s) time/money on sth某人在某事上花费时 spend 间/金钱;sb spend(s) time/ money (in) doing sth某人 花费时间/金钱做某事 sb pay(s) some money for sth某人为某物而付款;sb pay pay(s) for sth某人为某物付 钱,赔偿
核心考点突破
❶ confident adj. 自信的;确信的
【归纳拓展】
【题1】 用confident的适当形式填空 (1)You should have more confidence in yourself.
confident的词性拓展: (1)confidence n. 信心;自信
(2)We are confident that we can overcome the difficulties(. 2)confidently adv. 自信地;确信地 (3)Would you like to go to the party and talk_c_o__n_f_i_d_e__n_t_l_y_
(3)他接着说,“我们下次会更努力。” He continued , “We will try harder next time.”
(4)我不得不辍学,因为家里难以继续支付学费。
I had to leave because my family could not
continue
to pay the school fees.
基础自主梳理
必备词汇
41. concert 音乐会;演奏会
42. 条件
condition
43. confident 自信的
44. 使……迷惑 confuse
45. congratulate 祝贺;道贺
46. connect 连接;把……联系起来
47. consider 考虑
48. continue 继续
to every guest?
【题2】 选择正确的选项
Sam is B about his speech because he thinks
he is well prepared.
A.honest
B.confident
C.modest
D.curious
核心考点突破
❷ compare v. 与……比较;把……比作
核心考点突破
❻ cost v. 花费,价值为 n. 成本,价钱,费用;代价,损失
【题8】 选择正确的选项 —Wow, your sweater is very beautiful! —Thank you.I bought it two days ago.It B me $50. A.took B.cost C.paid D.spent 【题9】 改为it作主语的句子 My sister spends about two hours making this beautiful kite. →__It__t_a_k_e__s_m___y__s_is__te__r_a__b_o__u_t__t_w_o___h_o__u_r_s__t_o__m__a_k__e__th__i_s__ _b__e_a_u__t_if_u__l_k_i_t_e_.__________________________________________
疯狂的 创造;造成 criticize 十字形的东西;越过;穿过 人群;拥挤;塞满 叫喊;哭声; 喊叫;哭 文化 茶杯 curious customer
基础自主梳理
必备短语
1. change into 转换成,把……变成 2. check in 报到,登记 3. check out 查明;结账 4. clear up 整理;收拾;(天气)放晴 5. come across (偶然)遇见(或发现)
cost .
(2)他舍身把溺水的姑娘救了出来。 He saved the girl from drowning____a_t_____ _____t_h_e____ ___c_o__s_t___ _____o__f_____his own life.
(3)这本书花了她1美元。 The book cost her one dollar.
49. control 控制
50. convenient 方便的;便利的;实用的
基础自主梳理
必备词汇
51. conversation 谈话,交谈
52. cook 炊事员,厨师;烹调,做饭
53. cookie 饼干;小点心
54. cool
凉的,凉爽的;酷
55. copy
抄本,复制
56. corn
谷物
6. come back 回来;想起来
7. come down 落,下来 8. come from 出生(于),来自 9. come in 进入,进来 10. come on 来吧,赶快
基础自主梳理
必备短语
11. come out 出来;(书等)出版,发行
12. come to 共计;达到 13. come true 变为现实,成为事实 14. come up 上来;上升;抬头 15. come up with 赶上;想出(主意) 16. compare to 与……相比
第 4 课时
基础自主梳理
必备词汇
1. chopstick 2. Christmas 3. cinema 4. circle 5. city 6. class 7. classmate 8. classroom 9. clean 10. clear
筷子 圣诞节 电影院;电影 圆圈; 将……圈起来 市,城市,都市 班;年级;课 同班同学 教室 弄干净;干净的 清晰的;晴朗的;清澈的
【题3】 根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)我认为中国父母总是拿自己的孩子和别的孩子比较是不对
的。
I don't think it's right for Chinese parents to always compare their children with other children.
(2)他把北京比作中国的心脏。 He compares Beijing to
57. corner 角;角落;拐角
58. correct 改正;纠正; 正确的
59. cost
值(多少钱);花费
60. cough 咳嗽
基础自主梳理
必备词汇
61. count 数;点数
62. country 国家;农村,乡下
63. countryside 乡下,农村
64. couple 夫妇;一对
the heart of China.
(3)与迈克的旧房子相比,他的新房子像个大宫殿。 Mike's new house is like a huge palace, _c_o__m__p__a_r_e_d___
with/to his old one.
【归纳拓展】 compare用法小结: (1)compare 常与to 或with 连用: compare with 的意思是“与……比 较”,而 compare to 的意思是 “把……比作”。 (2)compared with…和compared to…在句中作状语时可以互换。
基础自主梳理
必备词汇
11. clever 12. climb 13. clock 14. close 15. clothes 16. cloud 17. cloudy 18. club 19. coach 20. coal
聪明的,伶俐的 爬,攀登 钟 关,关闭 衣服;各种衣物 云;云状物;阴影 多云的,阴天的 俱乐部 教练;马车;长途车 煤;煤块
65. courage 勇气;胆略
66. course 进程;课程
67. cousin 堂(表)兄弟,堂(表)姐妹
68. cover 盖子;罩;覆盖,遮盖;掩盖
69. cow 70. crayon
母牛,奶牛 蜡笔;用蜡笔作画
基础自主梳理
必备词汇
71. crazy 72. create
73. 批评 74. cross 75. crowd 76. cry 77. culture 78. cup 79. 好奇的 80. 顾客
pare
D.consider
核心考点突破
❸ continue v.继续,持续;仍旧,连续;继续说……; 使……继
续,使……延长
【题5】 根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)继续争论毫无意义。 It's pointless to continue
with this argument.
(2)他将在美国继续求学。 He will continue his education in the US.
核心考点突破
【题4】 选择正确的选项
—If you always C yourself with others, you may have
北京市2019年中考英语一轮复习 第一篇 教材梳理篇 课时训练(七)
课时训练(七)(限时:30分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空mind to tell the truth to Miss Wang.A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs2.Tom's father is a worker.He works a big factory.A.withB.onC.ofD.in3.It's raining outside.Put on your raincoat, you will get wet.A.andB.butC.orD.so4.— you play puzzle games?—Yes, I can.And I'm very good at it.A.MustB.NeedC.CanD.Should5.— have you worked on this project?—For a month.A.How farB.How longC.How oftenD.How many6.Although Mike is 15 years old, he is than his brother.A.strongB.strongerC.strongestD.the strongesta game with his grandson in the park at this time yesterday.A.plays8.The little girl trees in the West Hill with her parents yesterday.A.plantsB.plantedC.will plantD.has planted9.—Where is Nancy?—She a speech on Chinese culture in the hall.A.is makingB.makesC.has madeD.made10.—Is your brother in Beijing?—No.He to London to visit his friend.22A.wentB.has goneC.has beenD.will go11.Lots of books to the school in the poor village last year.A.sendB.sentC.are sentD.were sent12.—Do you know on the school trip next Monday?—Yes. The Summer Palace.A.where did we goB.where we wentC.where will we goD.where we will goⅡ.[2018·燕山一模]完形填空阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
北京市2019年中考英语一轮复习 第一篇 教材梳理篇 第07课时 课件
45. Germany 德国
46. German 德国人;德国的
47. get
成为;得到;具有;到达
48. gift
礼物;赠品
49. giraffe 长颈鹿
50. girl
女孩
基础自主梳理
必备词汇
51. give
给;付出;给予
52. glad
高兴的;乐意的
53. glass
玻璃杯;玻璃
54. glove 手套
第7课时
PARTONE
篇教材梳理篇
基础自主梳理
必备词汇
1. finish 结束;做完
2. fire
火;炉火;火灾
3. first
第一;首次;最初
4. fish
鱼;鱼肉
5. fishermanΒιβλιοθήκη 渔民;钓鱼的人6. fit
健康的,适合的;(使)适合
7. fix
修理;安装;固定
8. flag
旗;标志
9. flat
(2)保罗医生明早9点可以安排给你(看病)。
(3)fit in (with) 适合;符合; 配合;适应
Dr Paul can fit you in at 9:00 am tomorrow.
(4)fit on 试穿
(3)我将改变我的时间表以适应你的日程表。
(5)fit up 装备;配备
I‘ll change my timetable to fit
基础自主梳理
必备词汇
71. grass 72. great 73. green 74. greet 75. grey 76. ground 77. group 78. grow 79. guard 80. guess
北京市2019年中考英语一轮复习 第一篇 教材梳理篇 课时训练(十九)
D.will be invented
12.—Can you tell meten years ago?
—He lived in Shanghai with his grandparents.
A.where Mark lives
B.where does Mark live
C.where Mark lived
Go Outside
Going outside in good weather can be a lot of fun, especially if you go with a friend. Hike or cycle in a park. If you live in a city, you can go window shopping.
When Su and I left for college they kept my room the same for the entire four years I attended school.Recently, Barb presented me with an insurance policy (保单) they bought when I first moved in with them and had continued to pay on for 23 years.
A.feelB.feels
C.feltD.to feel
11.—Do you know something about the invention of paper?
—Yes, itby Cai Lun about 2000 years ago.
A.can be invented
中考英语备考策略《2019年中考备考复习策略》课件(共81张PPT)
A.failed B.stood C. taken D.made
2015年单选2题 Encourage your children to try new things , but try not to
2017年英语中考备考 策略分析
集宁区第五中 学
温
引言
英语是中考科目中非常重要的一门 学科， 对学生的要求越来越高，不 仅加强了对英语基础知识的考查，更 突出了对知识运用的考查。近几年中 考题中容易题和中等题所占比例较大， 这就要求学生须回归基础，加强实践 运用能力。
鉴于我校学生英语基础参差不齐 的情况，我们制定了“三轮复习法” 的总复习方案，进行课本知识回顾， 语法专题复习，专项复习及综合训 练，同时还要加强解题能力指导和 临场经验积累。做到着眼全面，突 出重点 ，点面结合，把全面复习和 重点复习结合起来。
eg:(1) It is raining heavily .We have to stay at
home.
(2)We must study harder than before . (3)Must you play the piano at such a late
hour ?
(2016)34. Ladies and gentleman,let me ,if I_D_，
(2016)31. It's necessary for phubbers to_C__the
time they spend on their smart phones. A.cut in B.cut off C.cut down D.cut up eg:The doctor told me to cut down(on)smoking
2019年中考英语一轮复习第一篇教材梳理篇课时训练02Units5_9七上练习人教新目标版
课时训练（二）Units 5-9（七上）（限时:30分钟)Ⅰ.单项选择1.Could you teach me how to use these to cut the food, Uncle?A.glassB.knivesC.pensD.fruit2.[2018·长春]The sky is much bluer we have taken action to protect the environment.A.becauseB.beforeC.untilD.unless3.[2018·宿迁]—It’s reported that self-driving cars are expected to change the way we move around.—That sounds .A.badB.badlyC.greatD.greatly4.[2017·滨州] My grandparents live in an old apartment with floors and they are on the floor.A.fifth; threeB.fifth; thirdC.five; threeD.five; third5.John wants to be , so he plays sports every day.A.happyB.healthyC.fatD.difficult6.[2018·唐山丰南区一模] The movie Amazing China is on show at the theater. Would you like to see it me?A.toB.forC.withD.about7.[2018·保定一模] The old man glasses when he reads newspapers.A.woreB.has wornC.wearsD.was wearing8.[2018·湘西改编]—Can you come to my birthday party tonight?—Yes, I’d love to. But I have to finish my English homework first.A.doingB.to doC.doesD.do9.[2019·原创] I’ll your suggestion, and give you an answer tomorrow.e onB.ask forC.think aboutD.give up10.[2018·徐州]—I love these hair clips. are they?—They are ten yuan.A.How manyB.How muchC.How oldD.How heavyⅡ.[2018·石家庄裕华区一模]完形填空You’d never know that Lisa Davis, a judo（柔道） teacher and club owner, used to be bullied （欺侮） at school and couldn’t protect herself at all. In junior high school, children would often laugh at her as she was rather 11 . One day, four older children stopped her while she was walking down a quiet street. They threw her schoolbag 12 a high fence and began pushing her around, saying that they would 13 her up.“I couldn’t make them stop and this wasn’t the first time it had happened,” Lisa said. “That day I decided to do14 about it. I talked to my brother and he said I ought to learn to protect myself. He suggested that I take up judo, so I joined a club. 15 I felt uncomfortable at first, it gave me confidence, and I 16 losing weight as I got fitter.I found judo very helpful. When the bullies 17 that I was learning judo, they soon left me alone.As time went on, Lisa became 18 interested in judo that she opened her own club. Lisa said, “Many young peopl e want to know 19 to protect themselves and judo keeps them fit and builds their confidence. I teach them that judo is an excellent way of protecting themselves, but they 20use their talent to start fights or join in them. Judo is a form of self-prote ction, and they must use it only when necessary.”11.A.thin B.weakC.disabledD.overweight12.A.over B.under C.out D.away13.A.give B.call C.beat D.cheer14.A.nothing B.somethingC.anythingD.everything15.A.But B.And C.Though D.However16.A.missed B.started C.regretted D.imagined17.A.worked out B.thought outC.looked outD.found out18.A.so B.such C.quite D.rather19.A.what B.when C.where D.how20.A.won’t B.mustn’t C.mightn’t D.needn’tA.Tomato soup.B.French onion soup.C.Tomato salad.D.Chicken salad.22.You want a main course but you have only ￡5 and you don’t like cheese. What can you order?A.German sausage and chips.B.Grilled fish and potatoes.C.Vegetable pasta.D.Thai chicken and potatoes.23.You really love seafood. Which main course would you like?A.German sausage and chips.B.Grilled fish and tomatoes.C.Roast chicken and potatoes.D.Italian cheese & tomato pizza.24.You want a snack but you don’t like cheese. What can you choose?A.Cheeseburger.B.Cheese & tomato sandwich.C.Cheese omelette.D.Chocolate cake.25.It’s really a hot day and you need a cold drink. You have only ￡1. What can you have?A.Mineral water.B.Orange juice.C.English tea.D.Irish cream coffee.Ⅳ.[2018·高碑店一模]任务型阅读阅读短文,并按要求完成26~30题。
北京市2019年中考英语一轮复习 第一篇 教材梳理篇 课时训练(十)
课时训练(十)(限时:25分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空1.——dictionary.It's Xiao Ming's.A.hisB.myC.herD.your2.Tim is going to give his father a big surprise Father's Day.A.inB.atC.onD.by3.I'd like to go with you, I must finish my homework first.A.andB.butC.soD.or4.—Jack, you swim?—Yes, I can.A.canB.mayC.needD.must5.— does it take to fly to Sanya from Beijing?—About four hours.A.How farB.How longC.How muchD.How often6.Staying with families and friends is one of things in the world.A.happyB.happierC.happiestD.the happiest7.—What were you doing at this time yesterday?—I my homework.A.doB.didC.am doingD.was doing8.Tim is my best friend and I him for nearly 5 years.A.knowB.have knownC.knewD.will know9.Don't make a noise! They on a physics problem now.A.will workB.are workingC.workedD.have worked10.—I heard your father had gone to Beijing on business.22—Yes.And he the day after tomorrow.A.will returnB.has returnedC.returnedD.returns11.The Dragon Boat Race every year on the Dragon Boat Festival in southern China.A.holdsB.is heldC.will holdD.will be held12.—Do you know now?—Because we need to develop our life.A.why we have more new inventionsB.why we had more new inventionsC.why do we have more new inventionsD.why did we have more new inventionsⅡ.[2018·西城二模]阅读理解After the holiday season, our guess is that you are tired from visiting the store and buying gifts.It is easy to get stuck, both spiritually and physically by having too much.This is why minimalism and living simply should be your resolution for 2018.Economic development results in a lot of consumerism(消费): get a good job, get a nice car, and settle into a beautiful house.But some people say that our lives could use a little lightening these days: We work and work and work to only buy and buy and buy—but does all that material wealth really lead to our happiness? Are we filling our time with unnecessary things, when we should be filling our time with friends, value, and service?34 4 An article from the website, Becoming Minimalist, points out the problem with this cycle(循环) in thebest way, “Nobody really believes happiness is directly tied to the number of things we own.Yet almost all of us live like it.We get stuck in it.We work more hours than ever before, earn more income, but save less.”Minimalism isn't all about ridding(摆脱) consumerism and products from your life.Minimalism is about finding your own sense of self and focusing on the things you love.It is about creating a lifestyle that is focused on only those people and things that enrich you.These days, minimalistic living can come in many forms.We think the most practical form of minimalistic living for us is to follow our list: How You Can Live Lighter in 2018.·Purge Your Closet: Take a day and clear out all of your drawers and closets.If something doesn't have special meaning or adds no value to your life—give it away.Have only what you need and what you can see.·Test Those Limits: See how long you can go without shopping.Give yourself a limit, whether it be two weeks or six months, whether it be avoiding a certain mall or buying clothes.Then put your self-will to the test.After your allowed time, chances are you will realize all those extra blouses weren't worth it and you will set yourself up for future spending control.·Cut the Cord: This sometimes means giving up your modern technology: TV, cell phone, computer, etc.Limit yourself to only a few hours of TV per week,or only 30 minutes of social media per day.You'll make more time for the things and people that you love and clear out some unnecessary noise from your life.·Live to Your Goals: Find out what your life goals and values ar e.Then, see what may help you or stop you from achieving this goal.Cut out that which doesn't lead to your happiness and success and add more of what does.Remember, a pared down lifestyle doesn't mean less success or less happiness.It represents your freedom to focus on the things in life that really matter.13.The cycle “people work and work only to buy and buy” shows .A.people get stuck physically and spirituallyB.people don't believe wealth leads to happinessC.people don't want to save moreD.people fall in love with buying14.To practise minimalistic living, you should .A.give away your drawers and closetsB.go to the shopping mall every six monthsC.have 30 minutes of social media per dayD.discover your life goals and values15.The word s“pared down” in the last paragraph probably mean “”.A.freeB.lightC.popularD.convenient16.Which of the following best explains the writer's opinion?A.It might take you a long time to wait for the“right” thing.B.Clear out the unnecessary so that the necessary may speak.C.Change yourself with the development of society.D.Freedom is more important than success.Ⅲ.[2018·怀柔期末]阅读短文,根据短文回答问题Spiderman is one of the most famous comic book heroes of all time.He was created by Stan Lee in 1963 and was first introduced to the world in the pages of Marvel comic books.Spiderman's story is the story of Peter Parker, a child who lost his parents and lives with his aunt5and uncle.Peter is a shy, quiet boy wearing glasses and has few friends.One day, on a high school class trip to a science lab, he gets bitten by a special spider.Soon Peter realizes he has amazing powers: he is as strong and quick as a spider and also has a type of sixth sense.He no longer needs his glasses and he can use his super power to fly through the city streets! Remembering something his Uncle Ben has told him, that “with great power, there must also come great responsibility”, Peter decides to use his powers to fight enemies who do cruel things to people.And so, Spiderman is born.Life is not easy for Peter even though he is a superhero.He is in love with Mary Jane but cannot tell her about his amazing powers.Besides, his best friend Harry hates Spiderman! Peter is also short of money and time.He has to sell photos of Spiderman (himself!) to a newspaper and he keeps losing his other jobs because he's so busy saving people! Yet he has to fight different kinds of cruel enemies.17.Who created Spiderman?18.Where does Peter go on his high school class trip?19.What happened to Peter after he was bitten by the spider?20.How is Spiderman born at last?21.What kind of life is Peter living?66参考答案Ⅰ.1—6 BCBABD 7—12 DBBABAⅡ.[主旨大意] 物质上的富有并不能真正使我们快乐,找到自我,把精力放在我们在乎的东西上,即极简主义越来越流行。
北京市2019年中考英语一轮复习第一篇教材梳理篇第18课时课件
It's one's turn to do sth. 该轮到
某人做某事了。 take one's turn to do sth轮流做
—All right.Just a minute.
A.keep on B.turn on player a little? A.turn off B.turn down C.turn on D.turn up C.try on D.put on B the CD (2)How noisy it is! Could you please
any mistakes.
B.not making D.not make try them on (试穿它们)?
A.to make C.not to make
【题2】 根据汉语提示写短语
This pair of shoes is new.Can I
核心考点突破
❷ turn v. 旋转,转变,转弯 n.轮流,(轮流的)顺序 【题3】 选择正确的选项 (1)—It's getting dark.Could you please for me? B the light 【归纳拓展】 (1)turn的相关用法:
48. trouble
49. trousers
50. truck
裤子,长裤
卡车,运货车;车皮
基础自主梳理
51. 52. 53. 54. 必备词汇 true trust truth try 真的,真实的;忠诚的 相信,信任,信赖 真理,事实,真相,实际情况 试,试图,努力 T恤衫 旋转,转变,转弯;轮流,(轮流的)顺序 两次;两倍 典型的 丑陋的;难看的
so far
到目前为止
6. so far as (表示程度,范围)就……,尽…… 7. so long as 只要 8. so…that 太……以至于…… 9. sooner or later 10. speed up 迟早,早晚 加快进度
北京市2019年中考英语一轮复习 第一篇 教材梳理篇 课时训练(七)(含答案).doc
课时训练(七)(限时:30分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空1.The students made up mind to tell the truth to Miss Wang.A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs2.Tom's father is a worker.He works a big factory.A.withB.onC.ofD.in3.It's raining outside.Put on your raincoat, you will get wet.A.andB.butC.orD.so4.—you play puzzle games?—Yes, I can.And I'm very good at it.A.MustB.NeedC.CanD.Should5.—have you worked on this project?—For a month.A.How farB.How longC.How oftenD.How many6.Although Mike is 15 years old, he is than his brother.A.strongB.strongerC.strongestD.the strongest7.The old man a game with his grandson in the park at this time yesterday.A.playsB.playedC.is playingD.was playing8.The little girl trees in the West Hill with her parents yesterday.A.plantsB.plantedC.will plantD.has planted9.—Where is Nancy?—She a speech on Chinese culture in the hall.A.is makingB.makesC.has madeD.made10.—Is your brother in Beijing?—No.He to London to visit his friend.A.wentB.has goneC.has beenD.will go11.Lots of books to the school in the poor village last year.A.sendB.sentC.are sentD.were sent12.—Do you know on the school trip next Monday? —Yes. The Summer Palace.A.where did we goB.where we wentC.where will we goD.where we will goⅡ.[2018·燕山一模] 完形填空阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
北京市2019年中考英语一轮复习 第一篇 教材梳理篇 课时训练(九)
课时训练(九)(限时:30分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空1.Miss Li, our English teacher, is always very kind.We all like .A.itB.herC.himD.them2.My grandparents often do some exercise the morning.A.onB.inC.atD.of3.It's time to get up, you'll be late for school.A.soB.andC.orD.but4.—Must I hand in my homework now, Mr.Smith?—No, you .A.can'tB.shouldn'tC.needn'tD.wouldn't5.— have you studied English?—For about three years.A.How farB.How longC.How oftenD.How many6.—Which sport is , swimming or skating?—Swimming.A.popularB.more popularC.most popularD.the most popular7.—What did you do after school yesterday?—I tennis with Paul.A.playB.will playC.playedD.am playing8.My aunt at this school for 15 years already and she loves her job very much.A.will workB.worksC.has workedD.is working9.—What were you doing at this time last night?—I a phone call.A.madeB.will makeC.has madeD.was making2210.Jeff the hospital if he feels better in a few days.A.leavesB.leftC.will leaveD.has left11.Many green bicycles in the street last month.A.placeB.will placeC.are placedD.were placed12.—Do you know now?—He lives in Beijing.A.where he livesB.where he will liveC.where will he liveD.where does he liveⅡ.[2018·门头沟一模]完形填空阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。