2020～2021学年度第一学期高三期中检测录音材料及答案
南通市2020～2021学年度第一学期期中学情检测高三英语参考答案第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）1-5 ACCBA 6-10 CCBBA 11-15 ABAAC 16-20 ACBCB第二部分阅读 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)21-25 BDCDD 26-30 ADBAC 31-35 DABDB第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）36-40 DBGCE第三部分完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）41-45 DABCC 46-50 BDDAB 51-55 CADAB第四部分基础知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）56. making 57. How 58. had tired 59. of 60. exposed61. where 62. to be created 63. with 64. what 65. one66. reached 67. However 68. itself 69. a 70. is being repaired第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）71. universally 72. conscious 73. compensate 74. allowance(s) 75. adjustments76. tough 77. cooperation 78. option 79. shrink 80. theoretically第五部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）Last Sunday, our school held a meaningful activity at our school lecture hall. Mr. Liu, a doctor from our local hospital who volunteered to Wuhan this spring to fight against Covid-19, was invited to deliver a speech for us. All the teachers and students were deeply moved and inspired by his heroic deeds. At the end of his speech, we showed our respect for Mr. Liu with applause. We learned a lot from him and many students said that they wanted to be a doctor in the future.第二节读后续写（满分25分）Paragraph 1But the problem was that I had to come back to bring this girl a new lemonade. I bought a lemonade, took a deep breath, and went back. This time, I bent low, looking at every person on the end of each row. When I saw the same boy, I moved through fast to get back to that girl. Unfortunately, I stepped on a boy’s feet and banged my knee. After apologizing to him, I quickly fell into the seat next to the girl and handed her the lemonade. Everyone around us all turned to stare at me again with some complaints.Paragraph 2I thought about crawling out of this row and back into Emmett’s row, but I couldn’t. Maybe I would just stay there until the movie ended. Thanking me for the lemonade, the girl talked about the plots I missed. I whispered back, “Thanks.” When the lights of the cinema came on, I grabbed my jacket on the seat and hurried out. Emmett caught up with me, Do you know that girl? “No.” I answered. “Then why do you have her jacket?” I looked down and found a bright pink jacket. “Here I go again,” I said with embarrassment, spotting the girl in the crowd.分值说明：选择题部分85分1. 听力1-20题，1.5分1题，共30分；2. 阅读理解21-35题，2分1题，共30分；3. 阅读“七选五”36-40题，2分1题，共10分；4. 完形填空41-55题，1分1题，共15分。
非选择题部分共65分1. 语法填空56-70题，1分1题，共15分；2. 短文填空71-80题，1分1题，共10分；3. 应用文写作，15分；4. 读后续写，25分。
听力材料Text 1W: Did you have any working experience during college?M: Yes, I did some part-time jobs such as tourist guide and salesman. Besides, I worked as a volunteer to visit sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.Text 2M: I didn’t expect Jenny to play the violin so well.W: Actually, she used to be a top player at college.M: Really? I can hardly believe it.Text 3W: I saw an advertisement in the newspaper about a mountain bike you have on special offer.M: Yes, this one. It’s our regular $ 200 mountain bike on sale today for $ 160. So it’s $ 40 cheaper now.W: Great. I’ll take it.Text 4W: Hey. I’m a visitor from China, I love your music. It’s the best I’ve ever heard. Will you please spare a little bit of time for me?M: Sure. Thank you for saying that. Actually, those songs were sung for the first time today. I wrote them in the past two months.Text 5M: I suppose Jason will be the winner. He has so many friends supporting him.W: And he himself is very diligent. Considering all these, I think he has the ball at his feet.Text 6M: Hi, Megan. How are you?W: Not feeling too good, actually.M: Oh? Why’s that?W: Well, something terrible happened this morning... (voice trembling)M: What? Sorry, take your time, and tell me when you’re ready.W: Well, I was playing with my dog Bonzo in the garden with a ball, and the ball flew into the road, and... M: Yes?W: And Bonzo jumped after it and he got hit by a car.M: Oh, no! And is he...?W: Yes. We took him to the animal hospital immediately, but there was nothing they could do.M: Oh, poor Bonzo. And poor you. I know how much he meant to you.Text 7W: Hi, Kevin. Do you have a minute to talk about the meeting next Tuesday?M: Sure. We said 11, didn’t we?W: Yeah, we did. But I have a bit of a problem with the time. Would it be possible to move it?M: Oh, I see. We could put it off to the afternoon, to 1 p.m., for example. Or bring it forward to earlier in the morning. What would suit you?W: Could we make it 9 o’clock? That would really help me. I have another important meeting in the central office at 12.M: No pr oblem. It’s important you’re there.W: Thanks a lot, Kevin.M: Do you need help with any preparation? Did you get the agenda I sent out?W: Yes, I did. And no, that’s all fine, thanks. My report is ready and I’m looking forward to presenting it.M: Great.Text 8M: Mom?W: Yes?M: You know that economics exam I had last week?W: The one you didn’t review?M: I did review it. I was working on it all weekend. Don’t you remember?W: Oh, yes, I remember. Apart from going out until four in the morning, you mean?M: Well, I have to relax a little. Anyway, I didn’t pass it.W: You failed it! But wasn’t that an important one?M: Yeah, I’m really sorry.W: I’m really sorry too. What does that mean?M: Well, I’ll probably have to retake the whole course.W: Oh, Ryan! It’s a really expensive course. I’m not sure we can afford for you to take it again.Things are difficult enough as it is.M: I know. Mom. I’m sorry. I’ll talk to the teacher again and see if I can retake it.Text 9W: So, have you got any plans for the weekend?M: Yeah, me and my friends are going to this activity centre in the mountains.W: Oh, yeah?M: You can do all kinds of things. It’s a new centre; it sounds great. We’re going to go dirt boarding.W: What’s that?M: It’s like skateboarding or snowboarding. You have a board to stand on and wheels. They’re pretty strong because you go down rough mountain tracks on them.W: Phew. It sounds far too difficult to me. Anyway, I’m going away this weekend too.M: I was going to ask. So where are you going?W: Paris! I’m so excited!M: Paris, wow!W: Yeah, it’ll be brilliant! We’re going to do some sightseeing, like go up the Eiffel Tower and take a boat along the River Seine and see the old parts of the city. It looks so beautiful in the photos. And then there are all the art galleries. You know how much I like art. I can’t wait to go round the Louvre and see all those famous paintings.M: You’ve got a lot planned for one weekend.W: Oh, we’re going for four days, actually.Text 10M: You have two new messages. Message number one, received today at 3:45 p.m.W: Hi Jack, it’s me, Betty. How’s it going? I guess you’re at work and you don’t you’re your phone on, right?First of all, thank you, THANK YOU for the birthday card and message. I received it this mo rning. That’s so nice of you. I’m organizing a little party for my birthday. It’s nothing very big—only a few of my best and closest friends. That means you too! We’re going to have it at my cousin Lucy’s house. She lives in the countryside in a nice big h ouse with a swimming pool. I’d love to see you there. It’s going to be this Friday.I’11send you the instructions on how to get there later, OK? Anyway, have fun at work. Don’t work too hard, OK? Talk soon.。
2020-2021学年山东师范大学附属中学高三生物上学期期中考试试题及答案解析
2020-2021学年山东师范大学附属中学高三生物上学期期中考试试题及答案解析一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 下图为典型的细胞核及其周围部分结构的示意图。
下列说法错误的是（）A. 图中1和4的连通，使细胞质和核内物质的联系更为紧密B. 通过图中2既可实现核质之间物质交换，也能实现信息交流C. 图中3易于被碱性染料染成深色，主要成分有脱氧核糖核苷酸D. 细胞核是细胞代谢和遗传的控制中心2. 生物膜系统在细胞生命活动中的作用极为重要，真核细胞的生物膜系统在组成上包括（）A.细胞膜、染色体、核膜B.细胞膜、核糖体、核膜C.细胞膜、细胞器膜、核膜D.细胞膜、中心体、核膜3. 图示种群在理想环境中呈“J”型增长，在有环境阻力条件下，呈“S”型增长，下列关于种群在某环境中数量增长曲线的叙述，正确的是A. 种群增长过程中出现环境阻力是在d点之后B. cd段种群增长速率逐渐下降，出生率小于死亡率C. 图中阴影部分表示克服环境阻力生存下来的个体数量D. 当种群数量达到e点对应的值后，种群数量增长速率为04. 下列对排尿反射过程的分析，正确的是（）A. 直接刺激传出神经或效应器也可以引起排尿反射B. 效应器的传出神经末梢受到刺激能产生动作电位并向脊髓传导C. 动作电位在传入神经和传出神经上的传导是双向的D. 排尿反射中枢位于脊髓，受大脑皮层的高级神经中枢控制5. 如果通过转基因技术，成功改造了某血友病女性的造血干细胞，使其凝血功能全部恢复正常。
如果与正常男性结婚，婚后所生子女的表现型为（）A. 儿子、女儿全部正常B. 儿子、女儿中各一半正常C. 儿子全部有病，女儿全部正常D. 儿子全部正常，女儿全部有病6. 人体排尿是一种复杂的反射活动，下图示排尿反射过程。
当膀胱被尿液充盈时，膀胱内牵张感受器受到刺激产生兴奋，使人产生尿意，引起膀胱的逼尿肌收缩，排出尿液，逼尿肌收缩又进一步刺激牵张感受器兴奋。
北京市海淀区2020-2021学年第一学期高三期中考试生物试题及参考答案
北京市海淀区2020-2021学年第⼀学期⾼三期中考试⽣物试题及参考答案海淀区2021届⾼三第⼀学期期中考试⽣物试卷2020.11本试卷共8页，100分。
考试时长90分钟。
考⽣务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答⽆效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡⼀并交回。
第⼀部分本部分共15题，每题2分，共30分。
在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题⽬要求的⼀项。
1.氮元素是组成细胞的基本元素之⼀，下列组成细胞的化合物中，含氮元素的是（）A.糖原B.蛋⽩质C.脂肪D.⽔2.核酸是遗传信息的携带者，下列关于核酸的组成和分布的表述，正确的是（）A.除病毒外，⼀切⽣物都有核酸存在B.真核细胞的DNA主要分布在细胞核中C.RNA分⼦中嘌呤数总是等于嘧啶数D.组成核酸的基本单位是脱氧核糖核苷酸3.关于蓝细菌(蓝藻)与⿊藻的相同之处，下列表述不正确．．．的是（）A.均能进⾏光合作⽤B.均在核糖体上合成蛋⽩质C.遗传物质均为DNAD.均需⾼尔基体参与分泌蛋⽩加⼯4.下列有关细胞结构的叙述，正确的是（）A.DNA和RNA等⼤分⼦物质可通过核孔进出细胞核B.溶酶体内部有多种⽔解酶可分解损伤衰⽼的细胞器C.⽣物的细胞壁都可以被纤维素酶和果胶酶分解D.在动物细胞有丝分裂间期能观察到纺锤体和中⼼体5.右图为⼩肠上⽪细胞吸收并运输葡萄糖进⼊组织液的⽰意图。
下列相关叙述不正确．．．的是（）A.葡萄糖通过载体S被逆浓度梯度转运进⼊⼩肠上⽪细胞B.在基膜侧的载体G不具有ATP酶活性，且结构不同于载体SC.载体G将葡萄糖运出⼩肠上⽪细胞的⽅式属于主动运输D.细胞内较低的Na+浓度需要膜上的Na+-K+泵消耗ATP来维持6.最近，科学家培养⿏的胚胎⼲细胞分化出了⼼肌细胞，⼀段时间后发育成了直径约1mm的⼼脏类器官。
这⼀研究成果对器官移植技术的发展具有重⼤意义，该研究成果说明（）A.胚胎⼲细胞分化程度⾼于⼼肌细胞B.胚胎⼲细胞具有⽆限增殖的能⼒C.胚胎⼲细胞经诱导可发⽣定向分化D.胚胎⼲细胞内的所有基因都在活跃表达7.下表中实验⽬的与所选取的实验材料对应最合理的是（）选项实验⽬的实验材料A提取和分离光合⾊素洋葱鳞⽚叶B检测⽣物组织中的还原糖胡萝⼘块根C观察质壁分离和质壁分离复原⼤蒜根尖D观察叶绿体的形态和分布⿊藻叶⽚8.右图是某同学⽤普通光学显微镜观察到的洋葱根尖分⽣区的图像，下列叙述不正确．．．的是（）A.制作根尖临时装⽚的步骤依次是解离—漂洗—染⾊—制⽚B.甲细胞中每条染⾊体的着丝粒排列在细胞板上C.⼄细胞中姐妹染⾊单体分离并被拉向两极D.⼄细胞中的染⾊体数⽬是甲的2倍，DNA含量与甲相同9.赫尔希和蔡斯的T2噬菌体侵染⼤肠杆菌实验证实了DNA是遗传物质，下列关于该实验的叙述正确的是（）A.实验需分别⽤含32P和35S的培养基培养噬菌体B.搅拌⽬的是使⼤肠杆菌破裂，释放出⼦代噬菌体C.35S标记噬菌体的组别，搅拌不充分可致沉淀物的放射性增强D.32P标记噬菌体的组别，放射性同位素主要分布在上清液中10.番茄的单式花序和复式花序是⼀对相对性状，由A、a基因决定。
哈尔滨三中2020-2021学年度上学期高三年级期中考试化学试题及答案
哈三中2020-2021学年度上学期高三年级期中考试化学试题（考试时间：90分钟满分：100分）可能用到的原子量：H-1 O-16 N-14 Al-27 Ca-40 S-32 Fe-56 Cu-64 Ba-137第Ⅰ卷（选择题共55分）一、选择题（本题共20个小题，每小题2分，每小题四个选项只有一项符合题目要求）1.下列文献记载内容涉及氧化还原反应的是（）A．东汉《周易参同契》中记载“胡粉投火中，色坏还为铅”B．唐代诗人刘禹锡曾在《浪淘沙》中写道“美人首饰侯王印，尽是沙中浪底来”C．葛洪《肘后备急方》记载的“青蒿一握，以水二升渍，绞取汁”D．明代于谦在《咏石灰》中写道“粉身碎骨浑不怕，要留清白在人间”2.下表中相关物质的信息都正确的一项是（）选项化学式物质的性质与性质相对应的用途A NaClO 强氧化性消毒液B H2O2不稳定，易分解医用消毒剂C NH3水溶液呈弱碱性工业制硝酸D KAl(SO4)2易水解自来水消毒剂3.设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值。
下列说法正确的是（）A．常温下，2.7 g铝片投入足量的浓硫酸中，铝失去的电子数为0.3N AB．室温下，16g由O2与O3组成的混合气体含有的氧原子数目为N AC．1 L1 mol·L-1的FeSO4溶液中含有Fe2+的数目为N AD．标况下，6.72L H2O中所含电子数目为3N A4.下列关于酸碱中和滴定实验叙述正确的是（）A．滴定终点时溶液一定显中性B．滴定过程中，接近滴定终点改用胶头滴管继续滴加C．酸式滴定管可盛装氧化性试剂D．滴定达到终点后仰视滴定管读数，待测液浓度偏小5．可逆反应2A(g)＋B(g)⇌2C(g) ΔH <0，图像表达正确的为（）A．B．C．D．6.下列离子方程式的书写正确的是（）A．将2mol Cl2通入到含1mol FeBr2的溶液中： 2Fe2++2Br-+2Cl2 = 2Fe3++4Cl-+Br2B．Mg(HCO3)2溶液与足量的Ca(OH)2溶液反应：Mg2++ 2HCO3-+2Ca2++4OH- = 2CaCO3↓+ 2H2O+ Mg(OH)2↓C．少量CO2通入到NaClO溶液中：CO2 + H2O + 2ClO-= 2HClO+CO32-D．等浓度等体积的NaAlO2溶液和HCl溶液混合：AlO2- + 4H+ = Al3+ +2H2O7．下列图示箭头方向表示与某种常见试剂在通常条件下发生转化，其中6步转化均能一步实现的一组物质是（）选项W X Y ZA Na Na2O2NaOH Na2OB Al Al2(SO4)3AlCl3NaAlO2C N2NH3NO NO2D S SO2SO3H2SO48．已知：CH4(g)+2O2(g)=CO2(g)+2H2O(g) ΔH= Q12H2(g)+O2(g)=2H2O(g) ΔH= Q2H2O(l) =H2O(g) ΔH=Q3常温下，取体积比为4:1的甲烷和H2的混合气体112L（标准状况下），经完全燃烧后恢复到常温，则放出的热量为（）A．－4Q1－Q2-10Q3B．4Q1+Q2+10Q3C．－4Q1－0.5Q2+9Q3D．4Q1+0.5Q2—9Q39．在恒容密闭容器中进行2NO+O22NO2达到平衡的标志的个数是（）①v(O2) :v(NO2) = 1:2 ②单位时间内生成n mol O2的同时，消耗2 n mol NO③剩余NO2、NO、O2的物质的量之比为2:2:1 ④混合气体的密度不再改变⑤混合气体的颜色不再改变⑥混合气体的平均相对分子质量不再改变A．2个B．3个C．4个D．5个10．氧化亚氮(N2O)是一种强温室气体，且易转换成颗粒污染物。
2020-2021学年临沂市第一中学高三英语期中考试试卷及答案解析
2020-2021学年临沂市第一中学高三英语期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour remarkable inventionsFor more than half a century, the Consumer Electronics Show(CES) has been the place for companies and inventors to display their newest and coolest gadgets.Here are our picks for some of the most interesting and creative inventions.The Sweet Little Rolling RobotSamsung has released Ballie, a tennis-sized robot that can follow you around the house, answer your questions, and entertain your pets. Since it's equipped with a camera, it can keep an eye on your home while you're away. It's like a smart assistant that goes wherever you do, rolling into your bedroom to ring your wake-up alarm, rolling to the kitchen to turn on the toaster and giving you the weather report as you brush your teeth.The Insoles to Pick Up Your PactAny runner knows the right shoes are key to your speed. But Nurvv insoles promise more than mere cushioning. The insoles transmit data to a coaching app, which offers information on your technique and performance. It measures your foot strike and assesses your injury risk. The app then generates personalized workouts to set targets and help you beat your best speeds. Half marathon, here you come!The No-Studio-Needed Yoga ClassCan't keep up your commitment to a yoga studio membership? The Yoganotch personal yoga assistant lets you drop into a virtual class any time you want. Follow along with a set series while 3-D sensors tell you whether you need to straighten your legs a bit more. The idea it that it improves your form while reducing the risk of injury.The Dau-Enhanced GrillWhile working by sight, smell and feel, a chef may appreciate Weber's new Smart Grilling Hub. It can monitor your pork and turkey while an app gives advice about cooking technique and safe temperatures.1. What can the Sweet Little Rolling Robot do?A. Feed your pets.B. Hay tennis with you.C. Take you wherever you want.D. Assist you to do your housework.2. Which of the following is suitable for a runner?A. Ballie.B. Nurvv.C. Yoganotch.D. Smart Grilling Hub.3. What do we know about the Weber’s invention?A. It uses virtual reality.B. It is convenient for cooking.C. It makes meals for you automatically.D. It helps you do well in your yoga exercises.BA growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects (缺陷) and a father's age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers atGeorgetown University Medical Center. They say these defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.The study, published in theAmerican Journal of Stem Cells, suggest both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring — a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrate, says the study's senior investigator, Joanna Kitlinska, PhD, an associate professor in biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology.“We know the nutritional, hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure, cellular response and gene expression in her offspring,” she says.“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers — his lifestyle, and how old he is, can be reflected in molecules that control gene function,” she says. “In this way, a father can affect not only his immediate offspring, but future generations as well.”For example, a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal (胎儿的) alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), even though the mother has never consumed alcohol, Kitlinska says. “Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring.”Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of certain diseases, and birth defects in his children.A limited diet during a father’s preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. Paternal obesity is linked to enlarged fat cells, changes in metabolic regulation, diabetes, obesity and development of brain cancer. Psychosocial stress on the father is linked to defective behavioral traits in his offspring. And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight, marked reduction in overall brain size and impaired cognitive function.“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”4. What’s the message the writer conveys in the passage?A. Both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring.B. Father’s age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects.C. Father plays a more critical role in birth defects.D. Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations.5. What can we infer from the example in Paragraph 5?A. FASD can only be diagnosed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol.B. A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol.C. A father’s lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring.D. Most children have biological fathers who are alcoholics.6. Which of the following situations is less likely to lead to children’s birth defects?A. Having a father with a limited diet.B. Having a father who is an alcoholic.C. Having an overweight father.D. Having a father with psychosocial stress.7. What will the research probably continue to focus on in the part that follows?A. The maternal epigenetic influences of a child.B. The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.C. The clinical application of the research findings.D. The interaction between maternal and paternal effects.CThere have been many fine films over the past several years aboutcharacters struggling with Alzheimer’s disease. But few of them have gone as deeply and frighteningly into the corners of adeterioratingmind as The Father,a powerful new drama built around a spellbinding performance from Anthony Hopkins.At this point in his long career,Hopkinswould seem to have exhausted his ability to surprise us, but his work here is nothing short of astonishing. His character, also named Anthony, is 80 years old and has dementia. At the beginning of the movie, his daughter, Anne — played by Olivia Colman — stops by hisLondonapartment to check on him. Her father's condition has taken a turn for the worse, and his temper has become severe enough to sendhis latest live in nurse packing. Anthony is stubborn and defiant and insists that he can manage on his own. But that's clearly not the case, given his habit of misplacing his things and his inability to remember names and faces, Anne's included.As The Father goes on, the more it becomes clear that it's his own mind that's playing tricks on him. What makes the movie so unsettling is the way it wires us directly into his subjective experience, so that the foundations of the story seem to shift at random from scene to scene. A man suddenly appears in the apartment, claiming to be Anne's husband, which is odd, since just a few moments earlier, Anne seemed to be single. Anne goes out shopping for groceries, but when she returns, she's played not by Olivia Colman but by another actress, Olivia Williams. Even the apartment itself begins to shift. You notice puzzling differences-wasn't there a lamp on that hallway table just a moment ago?The story in The Father may be complicated but it's also heartbreakingly simple: man grows old and loses his memory, and his daughter, after lifetime of love and devotion, must begin the long painful process of saying goodbye.Hopkinsshows us Anthony's struggle to keep his sense about him. It's a striking performance-and an impossible one to forget.8. What does the underlined word “deteriorating” mean in the first paragraph?A. Worsening.B. Narrowing.C. Recovering.D. Improving.9. What do we learn about the character Anthony in the movie?A. He can take care of himselfB. He drives away the nurses.C. He is easy-going and forgetful.D. He lives with his daughter all the time.10. The shift of scenes in the movie is designed to .A. build the dramatic tension in the family.B. show off the well-designed story line.C. frighten the movie-goers with mysterious plot.D. involve the viewers into thedisordered memories.11. What does the author think ofHopkins?A. He has run out of his talent.B. He is not suitable for the roleC. He masterly plays the old man.D. He presents an odd performance.DSelf-esteem is an abstract concept, which refers to people’s beliefs about their own worth and value. American psychologist Abraham Maslow thought self-esteem was a basic human need and included self-esteem in his hierarchy of human needs. He described two different forms of “esteem”: the need for respect from others in the form of recognition, success, and admiration, and the need for self-respect in the form of self-love, self-confidence, and skill. Respect from others was believed to be more fragile and easily lost than inner self-esteem. According to Maslow, without the fulfillment of the self-esteem need, individuals will be driven to seek it and unable to grow and obtain self-realization.Basically, high self-esteem is achieved through a series of real accomplishments, which is good for people. However, the excessive high self-esteem, based more on a sense of entitlement than on any accomplishment, is considered to be less psychologically healthy. And just as self-esteem can be too high, it can also be “under-inflated”. Those having poor self-esteem do have a basis for feeling good about themselves but they may not recognize their accomplishments and actions as meaningful.To appreciate what it would be like to have high self-esteem, one can consider how they may feel about things in their lives that they value. For instance, some people really like cars. They take good care of their cars. They may even decorate the car and then show it off to other people with pride. Similarly, people with high self-esteem love, care for and feel proud of themselves. Take children for example. When they have high self-esteem, they believe they are valuable and important. They enjoy different activities and can handle criticism easily without taking it personally.People need to develop positive self-esteem. This can convince them they deserve happiness. Besides, the development of positive self-esteem increases the capacity to treat other people with respect, thus favoring a variety of interpersonal relationships and avoiding destructive ones.12. What can we infer from Abraham Maslow’s theory about self-esteem?A. Self-esteem ensures us a successful life.B. Self-esteem is essential to self-realization.C. Self-esteem means little to psychological health.D. Others’ respect is more important than self-respect.13. What does the underlined word “under-inflated” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Adequate.B. Insufficient.C. Moderate.D. Lifelong.14. How does the author explain the feelings of having high self-esteem?A. By giving examples.B. By analyzing causes.C. By providing figures.D. By making contrasts.15. Which of the following does the author support?A. Self-esteem ultimately leads to happiness.B. Self-esteem earns you respect from others.C. Positive self-esteem benefits people’s social lives.D. Positive self-esteem helps people out of difficulties.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年七宝中学高三上英语期中考试
2020学年第一学期高三年级期中英语试卷满分：140分I. Listening Comprehension (25’)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She earned an award. B. She helped plan the award ceremony.C. She should work more for the community.D. She served as chairperson of the committee.2. A. Exchange the tickets. B. Take care of his cold.C. Watch the game at home.D. Wear a warmer coat to the game.3. A. She collects pictures of cars. B. She likes the design of the car.C. Someone famous is riding in the car.D. The car is in front of something interesting.4. A. She hears a new post office has just opened. B. She doesn’t know where the post office is.C. She thinks the post office is nearby.D. She hasn’t received any mail yet.5. A. Get his shower fixed. B. Take a shower at the gym.C. Find out when the gym is open.D. Move to another building.6. A. Deliver the package in person. B. Pick up the package at the post office.C. Ask to have the package delivered to his home.D. Find out the opening hours of the post office.7. A. She is difficult to find. B. She is a good doctor.C. She used to be his doctor.D. She is fairly old.8. A. She needs to buy a new coat. B. Her coat is similar to the man’s.C. Her sweater is not warm enough.D. The man should have worn a sweater.hasn’t been graded.received a low grade.C. The committee is discussing it.D. The woman hasn’t submitted it.10. A. He recently spent a month in Chicago. B. There are many things to do in Chicago.C. Chicago is an expensive place to have funD. He is also going on the trip next month.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Collect second-hand books. B. Sell old books.C. Work in a supermarket.D. Reading books in a supermarket.had the writer’s name on was partly destroyed.used to belong to was more valuable than thought.13. A. He gave it to the woman for free. B. He burnt it into ashes.C. He signed his own name on it.D. He wrote a story about it.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Shoes made for one particular customer.B. Shoes that take three months to make.C. Shoes designed by some famous companies.D. Shoes that have been popular for a century.15. A. They are beginning to make women’s shoes. B. They are increasing in number.C. They are old-fashioned.D. They are large enough.16. A. They bring wearers a great fortune.B. They, together with the wearers, are unique.C. The wearers live in the same way as 100 years ago.D. The wearers like things that can last.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear a longer conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to answer the following questions.17. A. Back-up devices for electricity failure.B. The necessity of electricity in daily life.C. Tips for a safe electricity supply.D. Electricity supply on aero-planes.18. A. 20 percent. B.13 percent. C. 5 percent. D. 3 percent.19. A. It must be reliable and supplied at a constant speed.B. It must be able to repair itself in case of any failure.C. It must vary in rate according to how fast a plane flies.D. It must be equal to the amount of electricity consumed by 15 homes.20. A. Charge on-board batteries. B. Keep vital systems working.C. Deliver 50 kilowatts of power.D. Provide on-board patients with help.II. Grammar and vocabulary (20’)Section ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.American Mikah Meyer has an unusual goal. He wants to visit all of the more than 400 properties operated by the National Park Service.He spent January 2017 visiting historic areas in the southeastern United States.One of his first stops was Fort Sumter, 21________ former military position in waters just off the coast of Charleston, South Carolina. Fort Sumter is famous for being the place where the first shot of the Civil War 22________(fire). It is also 23________ the first person killed in the conflict died.After years of rising tensions between Northern and Southern states, the two sides clashed in Charleston Harbor on April 12, 1861. That was when the Southern army launched an artillery attack on Fort Sumter. Federal troops surrendered the fort a short time later. Union forces eventually fought 24________(regain) control of the base, and defeated the South in 1865. A lone cannon symbolizes the fierce battle that took place on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery opened fire on this federal fort in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, marking it 25________ the day when the Civil War began.As he stood inside the large walls of Fort Sumter National Monument, Mikah Meyer looked across the water to the port at Charleston. He imagined what the area must have looked like more than a century and half ago. "You'll see across that bridge, Charleston, South Carolina. It was under siege at one point for 17 months. There were cannons that 26________ fire from where I'm standing on the fort all the way to the old town..." Meyer alsovisited the Charles Pinckney National Historic Site in South Carolina. There he had a chance to learn about Charles Pinckney, who helped write – and was a signer of -- the U.S. Constitution. Charles Pinckney was 29 years old when he helped draft the United States Constitution, 27________ he signed as a representative of South Carolina. He dedicated his considerable political and legal talents to 28________(establish) a strong national government. "Some people call him our forgotten founding father, but he was a political figure of early America who helped shape 29________ our eventual constitution ended up looking like..." The National Park Service helps care for what remains of Pinckney's former home and farm. Park service workers tell the stories of 18th- century plantation life for free and enslaved people.During his travels in January, Meyer had a surprise. Barack Obama, in his last few days as president, named a new national park site in Beaufort, just south of Charleston. It is called the Reconstruction Era National Monument. The Reconstruction Era National Monument will help tell the story of post-Civil war America.The Reconstruction Era 30________(stretch) from 1861 to 1898. It was a period when Americans struggled with the treatment of newly freed African Americans. The new national monument will help tell that story.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Dear Colleagues,It is good to join you. Let me begin by expressing my sincere appreciation to His Majesty King Salman and Saudi Arabia for having done tremendous work of communication and coordination to make this summit possible.Facing the COVID-19 outbreak that caught us all by 31________, the Chinese government and Chinese people have been undaunted as we took on this formidable task. From day one of our fight against the outbreak, we have put people's life and health first. We have acted according to the overall 32________ of shoring up confidence, strengthening unity, ensuring science-based control and treatment and imposing targeted measures. We have 33________ the whole nation, set up collective control and treatment mechanisms and acted with openness and transparency. What we fought was a people's war against the outbreak. We have put up a strenuous struggle and made tremendous sacrifices. Now the situation in China is moving steadily in a positive direction. Life and work are quickly returning to normal. Yet, there is no way we will lower our guard or relax control.At the most difficult moment in our fight against the outbreak, China received assistance and help from a lot of members of the global 34________. Such expressions of friendship will always be remembered and cherished by the Chinese people.Major infectious disease is the enemy of all. As we speak, the COVID-19 outbreak is spreading worldwide, 35________ enormous threat to life and health and bringing formidable challenge to global public health security. The situation is disturbing and 36________. At such a moment, it is imperative for the international community to strengthen confidence, act with unity and work together in a collective response. We must 37________ step up international cooperation and foster greater synergy so that humanity as one could win the battle against such a major infectious disease.For that to happen, I would like to put forth four proposals.First, we need to be 38________ in fighting an all-out global war against the COVID-19 outbreak. The community of nations must move swiftly to stem the spread of the virus. In this regard, I propose that a G20 health ministers' meeting be convened as quick as possible to improve information sharing, strengthen cooperationon drugs, vaccines and epidemic control, and cut off cross-border infections. G20 members need to jointly help developing countries with weak public health systems enhance preparedness and response. I propose a G20 COVID-19 assistance 39________ for better information sharing and policy and action coordination with the support of the World Health Organization. Guided by the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind, China will be more than ready to share our good practices, conduct joint research and development of drugs and vaccines, and provide assistance where we can to countries 40________ by the growing outbreak. (excerpt)III. Reading Comprehension (45’)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the word or phrase that best fits the context.Economy rebounding after dropChina's economy experienced a sharp decline in the first quarter due to disruptions caused by the novel coronavirus outbreak, but major economic indicators improved substantially in March, indicating the country's recovery has gained a firmer footing, officials and economists said on Friday.Supportive government policies are expected to intensify in the coming quarters to expand 41________ demand by stimulating investment and consumption as the global spread of the virus may bring more headwinds to the world's second-largest economy.China's GDP in the first quarter 42________ by 6.8 percent from a year earlier, according to the National Bureau of Statistics.43________ it remains unclear whether the government will still set a GDP growth target for the year, economists said China's policy priority for the next step needs to focus on stimulating demand and stabilizing employment to 44________ a sustainable economic recovery.More proactive fiscal policies and more accommodative monetary policies are needed to prevent the economy from experiencing a second wave of 45________ caused by the global economic downturn amid the COVID-19 outbreak, they added.The country's industrial production shrank by 8.4 percent year-on-year(与上年同期相比) in the first quarter, but the decline narrowed from a 13.5 percent drop in the first two months, according to the NBS.Fixed-asset investment, which includes infrastructure and real estate investment, declined by 16.1 percent year-on-year during the first quarter, compared with a 24.5 percent plunge in the first two months.The outbreak created a severe 46________ to the country's economy in the first quarter, but major economic 47________ rebounded in March and the country's economic performance will improve further in the second quarter, NBS spokesman Mao Shengyong said at a news 48________ in Beijing on Friday.The government will 49________ policy support to expand domestic demand by increasing effective investment and releasing consumption 50________. More tax relief and financial aid will be offered to businesses to help them 51________ production and make it through the difficult times, Mao said.The Chinese stock market rose on Friday with the benchmark(基准) Shanghai Composite Index(综合指标) up by 0.66 percent to close at 2,838.49 points as the first-quarter economic shrink was 52________ in line with investors' expectations.Lian Ping, chief economist at Zhixin Investment, said the government needs to intensify policy support to prevent the economy from suffering one more time from the global economic downturn and possible collapse of 53________ demand.Chinese companies, including exporters, have seen an increase in 54________ of orders. While most large enterprises have started production again, according to NBS calculations, many smaller companies are still struggling to go back to work under rising financial difficulties and 55________ shortages."As overseas demand is shrinking dramatically, China's policy focus in the future should be on expanding domestic demand, and consumption is the most important area. More favorable policies are needed to stimulate consumption in durable goods including houses and automobiles," Lian said.41.A.social B.overseas C.agricultural D.domestic42.A.increased B.contrasted C.expanded D.contracted43.A.However B.Since C.While D.Because44.A.facilitate ern C. restrain D.transform45.A.outbreaks B. disruptions C. pandemics D.benefits46.A.blow B.recovery C.mobility D.resilience47.A.measures B.implications C.indicators D.symbols48.A.agency B.conference C.reporter D.exposure49.A.make up B.step up C.cover up D.bring up50.A.order B.accommodation C.potential D.implementation51.A.expand B.inspect C.evaluate D.resume52.A.broadly B.specifically C.initially D.elaborately53.A.internal B.external C.supply D.food54.A.alternatives B.applications C.cancellations plaints55.A.management B.fund C. supervision borSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AFamily violence and abuse prevention strategies are focused at three levels: the general population, specific groups thought to be at high risk for abuse, and families who have already experienced abuse. Public education and media campaigns aimed at the general population convey the criminal nature of domestic assault, suggest ways to prevent abuse, and identify where abuse victims can get help. However, to prevent or reduce family violence, education, elements of American culture that contribute to such violence must change. For example, violence in the media must be controlled or eliminated, and traditional gender roles and views of women and children as property must be replaced with egalitarian gender roles and respect for women and children.Another cultural change is to reduce violence-related stress by reducing poverty and unemployment and by providing adequate housing, nutrition, media care, and educational opportunities for everyone. Though programs such as Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) were not designed to pr event domestic violence and abuse, “they provide important assistance to low income families and thus support the functioning of these families.” Integrating families into networks of community would also enhanc e family’s well-being and provide support for families under stress.What social interventions are available for families that are already experiencing abuse or neglected? Abused women and children may seek relief at a shelter or a safe house for abused women and children with housing, food, counseling services, legal assistance, employment assistance, and an environment that empowers women by encouraging them to make independent choices about their abusive relationships and about their future. Shelters also provide a communal living situation with other abused women, which reduces the sense of isolation and helps the women express their anger and overcome feelings of guilt and inadequacy. An alternative to shelter is a safe house, a private home of individuals who volunteer to provide temporary housing to abused women who decide to leave their violent homes. Battered men are not allowed to stay at women’s shelters, but many shelters help abused men by providing money for a motel room, counseling, and support services.56. The word “egalitarian” in the first paragraph most probably means “_______”.A. relating to economicsB. relating to everyday eventsC. having to do with legal contractsD. having to do with equal treatment57.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to directly reduce violence infamilies?A. Cutting down on violence in the mediaB. the AFDC programC. Reducing unemploymentD. Strengthening family ties58. According to the passage, which of the following statements does the writer seem to support?A. Providing women more wealth can largely reduce family abuse.B. Laws must be passed to prevent family abuse.C. Unfair attitude towards women is the only cause of family abuse.D. Women should be equally paid.59. The last paragraph is organized by ____.A. listing the order of events in helping abused womenB. defining the term “safe house”C. discussing the effects of family violenceD. listing social interventions available to help the abusedBMagical Harry Potter CompetitionHow to enterSimply draw your Patronus(保护神）in the postcard-sized space below. It’s entirely up to you which creature you decide to draw. Just make sure you tell us what it is. Then fill in all the details on the form and send the whole thing to us at My Patronus, The Week Junior magazine, 31-32 Alfred Place, London, WC1E 7DP. Alternatively, you can scan your entry form and email it to competiton@, using the subject header MY PATRONUS. Your entry must reach us no later than June 2020.The entries will be judged by a panel that includes artist Levi Pinfold — who illustrates the house editions of the Harry Potter books; Emily Drabble from the charity BookTrust; and AnnaBassi, editor-in-chief of The Week Junior. Winners will be announced in The Week Junior issueOne lucky overall winner will receive a huge bundle of Harry Potter prizes including:* A family ticket to Warner Bros. Studio Tour London -The Makingof Harry Potter (including up to £100 of train vouchers and up to £250 foraccommodation).Y ou’ll be able to step onto authentic sets，discover the magic behind spellbinding special effects and explore the behind-the-scenes secrets of the Harry Potter film series, located at the studios where it all began.* A personalized Hogwarts house trunk full of goodies from your chosen house.* A set of the first three Harry Potter novels in hardback in your house livery, illustrated by Levi Pinfold.* A limited-edition print of artwork from the house editions, signed by artist Levi Pinfold.* Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban hardback illustrated edition signed by Kim Kay.The winner’s school will get:* Hardback editions of all seven Harry Potter novels, with cover illustrations by Jonny Duddle.* Hardback illustrated editions of the first three Harry Potter books, illustrated by Jim Kay.* The Tales of Beedle the Bard illustrated edition by Chris Riddell.* A year's subscription to The Week Junior.Runners-up* Nine runners-up will each receive a set of the first three hardback house editions in your Hogwarts house livery. Their school will get a complete set of Harry Potter hardbacks with cover illustrations by Jonny Duddle, and a year's subscription to The Week Junior.60. To enter for the competition, participants must_________ .A. send the completed form to charity BookTrustB. draw and describe their chosen PatronusC. purchase a complete set of Harry Potter seriesD. agree to subscribe to The Week Junior for a year61. What will the winner's school and the runners-up’ schools get?A. The renewal of magazine subscription.B. A set of Harry Potter novels.C. A personalized Hogwarts house trunk.D. Books illustrated by Jim Kay.62. Which of the following is TRUE about the competition?A. The judges of the competition are illustrators and editors by profession.B. The winner list will be announced no later than June 2020.C. One lucky winner can visit the Harry Potter movie sets with his/her family.D. First prize winner may win an award of up to £350 for accommodation.CGreat work is work that makes a difference in people’s lives, writes David Sturt, Executive Vice Pre sident of the O.C. Tanner Institute, in his book Great Work: How to Make a Difference People Love. Sturt insists, however, that great work is not just for surgeons or special-needs educators or the founders of organizations trying to eliminate poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. The central theme of Great Work, according to Sturt, is that anyone can make a difference in any job. It’s not the nature of the job, but what you do with the jo b that counts. As proof, Sturt tells the story of a remarkable hospital cleaner named Moses.In a building filled with doctors and nurses doing great life-saving work, Moses the cleaner makes a difference. Whenever he enters a room, especially a room with a sick child, he engages both patients and parents with his optimism and cal m, introducing himself to the child and, Sturt writes, speaking “little comments about light and sunshine and making things clean.” He comments on any progress he sees day by day (“you’re sitting up today, that’s good.”) Moses is no doctor and doesn’t pret end to be, but he has witnessed hundreds of sick children recovering from painful surgery, and parents take comfort from his encouraging words. For Matt and Mindi, whose son McKay was born with only half of a heart, Moses became a close friend. As Sturt ex plains, “Mosestook his innate (与生俱来的) talents (his sensitivity) and his practical wisdom (from years of hospital experience) and combined them into a powerful form of patient and family support that changed the critical-care experience for Mindi, Matt and little McKay.”How do people like Moses do great work when so many people just work? That was the central question raised by Sturt and his team at the O.C. Tanner Institute, a consulting company specialized in employee recognition and rewards system.O.C. Tanner launched an exhaustive Great Work study that included surveys to 200 senior executives, a further set of surveys to 1,000 managers and employees working on projects, an in-depth qualitative study of 1.7 million accounts of award-winning work (in the form of nominations (提名) for awards from corporations around the world), and one-on-one interviews with 200 difference makers. The results of the study revealed that those who do great work refuse to be defeated by the constraints of their jobs and are especially able to reframe their jobs: they don’t view their jobs as a list of tasks and responsibilities but see their jobs as opportunities to make a difference. No matter, as Moses so ably exemplifies (例证), what that job may be.63. According to Sturt, which of the following is TRUE?A. It’s not the nature of the job, but what you do that makes a difference.B. Anyone in the world is responsible to delete poverty and change the world.C. Anyone can make a difference in people’s lives no matter what kind of job he does.D. Surgeons, special-needs educators and founders of organizations can succeed more easily.64. According to this passage, how does Moses, a common hospital cleaner, make adifference in people’s lives?A. By keeping optimistic and calm when facing patients and their parents at hospital.B. By showing his special gift and working experience when working at hospital.C. By showing his sympathy and kindness to patients when entering their rooms.D. By pretending to be a doctor or nurse when entering a room with a sick child.65. The word “constraints” in the last paragraph probably refers to ______.A.demandsB. advantagesC. disadvantagesD. limitations66. What can we infer from the passage?A. Great work is work that makes a difference in people’s lives no matter what you do.B. If a boss has trouble recognizing his employees, he can ask O.C. Tanner for advice.C. Moses makes a difference through his sensitivity and his practical wisdom.D. Those who do great work are never defeated by others or their jobs themselves.Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each Sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. The simplicity masks deeper layers.B. This is the Mario those who grew up with Nintendo know best.C. Yes, you really can play one-handed.D. There’s no way around it.AB. And for years, the company simply refused.AC. However, not everyone likes its design.Mario on an iPhone? It worksThis was not supposed to happen. For years, fans had tried to persuade Nintendo, a Japanese company, to putMario on smartphones. 67___________________________________. Until Dec. 15, when Nintendo released Super Mario Run, for Apple iPhones and iPads. The bigger surprise? Super Mario Run is excellent.68___________________________________________. He is still the plumber who dashes from left to right across fields of grassy blocks, rivers of coins and so on. The difference is that Mario moves automatically as soon as a level loads, animated by an algorithm. Instead of controlling Mario directly, players tap to interrupt his motion and make more imaginative choices. A quick rap (连续敲击) makes Mario hop, while a longer one boosts him twice as high. If you need to clear a crack, tap midair and he’ll pirouette (竖趾旋转) , flying a bit further. It’s intuitive.69_________________________________________. Tap near a wall or when landing on blocks painted with reverse arrows, for instance, and Mario springs backward, letting you break the game’s one-wayness. It’s smart, less-is-more design that plays to the strengths of touchscreen gaming without sacrificing precision. For all its hesitance in embracing smartphones and tablets, Nintendo seems to have had no trouble designing software for them.There is one fairly serious problem with Super Mario Run: the game works only with an active Internet connection. Sever(断绝) that and the game throws up an error screen. 70____________________________________. This means you can’t play Super Mario Run on a plane without paying for wi-fi. You’re out of luck for the part of your subway commute that involves cell-service dropouts.Other than that, Super Mario Run impresses in ways sure to convince that designing games on smartphones is still a rapidly evolving—and improving—art form.第II 卷I．Summary (10’)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.EnvyIt’s a familiar but uncomfortable feeling. Your best friend will marry a handsome doctor, and the congratulatory hug you offer lacks genuine warmth. Your friend is made the t eam for Saturday’s big game, and you take a certain pleasure in telling him you can’t be there to watch him play. You smile but a voice in your head asks, why them and not you?Envy is a shortcoming of character we like to keep in our heart secretly. How shameful is it not to be looking forward with delight to your day as your best friend's bridesmaid! Who would hope your friend might suffer some injury, so you can take his place on the team?Envy is everywhere. It seems to be in our nature to hate others' gifts and good fortune, especially if we see them as advantages they shouldn't have.Envy raises its ugly head when we focus on what we want but we don’t possess now. Worse still, we may even wish for and take pleasure in someone's losing what we have always desired. When you compare yourself and your life unfavorably with your friend or your colleague, you can only keep your darker emotions.So, is there a solution? Is there anything you can do to get rid of this most ungenerous emotion? Well, why not make envy the motivation you need for self-improvement? The best weapon against envy is not to compete where you can’t shine, but to do your absolute best where you can.Start by making peace with yourself, and accept the gifts which make you unique. Make an agreement with yourself to be the best you can be. Then find the qualities in others that cause your envy. Is it someone’s singing voice, their work promotion, their new car? Envy shows us the things we’d like to have. So, make a plan to earn what's important to you.And aim for genuine pleasure in the achievements and good fortune of others. Cheer on your friend when he scores that goal. Enjoy your best friend’s wedding day. Then go out and do something special, and make yoursel f。
2020-2021学年济宁市任城区第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案
2020-2021学年济宁市任城区第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAre you looking for somewhere special to go this weekend? Do you want to try something new?Check out one of these hot new restaurants.Fast BestFast food doesn't have to be junk food, as this café proves. Do you fancy a really good hamburger made with the best ingredients, or old-fashioned fish and chips fried to perfection, all on the table in super-quick time? Speed and quality are important here, and the prices aren't bad either.Your Local Caff (小餐馆)Remember when cafés served full English breakfasts—sausages, beans, fried bread, bacon and eggs—with a strong cup of tea? Well, this place still does and you can have your breakfast at any time you like during the day while you listen to your favourite tunes from the 1980s.Last Days of the RajA centrally located Indian restaurant, perfect for eating before or after the cinema or a show. In summer enjoy your meal in the beautiful garden. The most popular dishes are lamb and chicken cooked with mild, medium or hot spices. For brave customers there is extra hot!The Chocolate BoxThe owner of this small café used to cook all kinds of food, but then she realised she preferred desserts to anything else. If you want meat or fish, don't come here. They only do desserts! Lots of different kinds of sweets. Chocolate lovers will be excited by the range of chocolate cakes.1.Fast Best suits a person ______.A.who has a sweet toothB.who loves spicy foodC.who wants to have good breakfastD.who gets 30 minutes off for lunch2.Which is true about Last Days of the Raj?A.You can listen to great music in it.B.It serves hot food with pepper.C.It serves an all-day breakfast.D.It is prefect for vegetarians.3.Which restaurant serves only desserts and sweets?A.Fast Best.B.Your Local Caff.st Days of the Raj.D.The Chocolate Box.BUK physicist Isaac Newton once said, ''Nature is pleased with simplicity and nature is no dummy (傻子). '' Indeed, Mother Nature can provide almost everything human beings need if we follow her rules. But if we break the rules, she is likely to be cruel andlash out at us.The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (新型冠状病毒肺炎, NCP) in China and some other countries at the beginning of this year is an example. According to Xinhua News Agency, the new coronavirus is similar to a virus found in a bat in 2017 and probably has an intermediate host (中间宿主). It's believed that the virus originated from the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan, Hubei province, where live wild animals were sold.The Wall Street Journal reported that Dr Peter Daszak, president of the US-based health organization EcoHealth Alliance, said, ''This outbreak is a lesson for us. On a global scale, human population density, wildlife diversity, and land use change are what drive new pandemics (流行病). ''In ancient times, people needed to rely on nature to survive so they held it in awe (敬畏). For example, the American Indians believed that humans are a part of nature and nature is a part of humans. Chinese ancients always pursued the harmony between nature and human beings.However, as human beings master more knowledge and make more advanced tools, people try to change and even conquer nature. They use more land to make buildings, genetically modify (改变) plants, capture some wild and rare animals to suit their own needs. In this process, humans gradually lose contact with nature and even throw it out of balance. For example, cutting a large number of forests means carbon dioxide must build up in the atmosphere and it contributes to global warming.Although we don't know for sure what first caused the NCP outbreak, Brian Lamacraft at Medium said it's time for people to ''reflect on our relationship with our planet'' and ''reconnect with this world and everything that we've been given''. After all, according to US poet Gary Snyder, ''Nature is not the place to visit. It's our home. ''4. What does the phrase ''lash out at'' in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. punishB. controlC. testD. challenge5. What lesson did Daszak think human beings should learn from the NCP outbreak?A. Bats are one of the most dangerous wild animals.B. It's impossible to prevent new pandemics globally.C. We should stop the wildlife trade around the world.D. Humans should live peacefully with nature.6. What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?A. How human beings become their own masters.B. How human activities cause global warming.C. How human beings break the balance of nature.D. How humans use technology to improve their lives.7. What is the author's purpose in writing this article?A. To reflect on the NCP outbreak.B. To explain what led to the NCP outbreak.C. To describe experts' predictions on new pandemics.D. To compare ancient and modern attitudes toward nature.CIn 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the entireFrench Scrabble Dictionaryin just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards’ impressive feat is a useful example to show how artificial intelligence works — real AI. Both of Richard and AI take in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field.The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Because AI canoutperformhumans at routine tasks — provided the task is in one field with a lot of data — it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.But not every job will be replaced by AI. In fact, four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs — executives, diplomats, economists — go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI.Are you worried that these three types of jobs won’t employ as many people as AI will replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors. These jobs require compassion, trust and sympathy — which AI does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they have cancer, or a robot to babysit their children.So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of the government, which can provide funds, but also of corporations and those who benefit most.8. What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?A. To introduce the topic.B. To mention Nigel’s feat.C. To stress the importance of good memory.D. To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.9. Which of the following best explains “outperform” underlined in paragraph 2?A. Be superior toB. Be equal toC. Be similar toD. Be related to10. Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?A. The writer.B. The shop assistant.C. The babysitter.D. The psychologist.11. What does the text suggest people do about job replacement of AI?A. Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.B. Get more support from the government.C. Apply for the donation from companies.D. Upgrade themselves all the time.DSome of the oldest art in human history is being damaged, scientists say. And climate change may be speeding up its loss. Newresearch reports that ancient rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time, as bits of rock slowly break off from the walls. It's a huge loss for human history.Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem, the study suggests. These salt crystals go into the cave walls, changing sizes as temperatures rise and fall. This process causes the rock to slowly break down.Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods of drought. These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.In particular, the researchers say, climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future. These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debatingthe exact influence of climate change on El Nino, a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming and cooling in thePacific Ocean.The new study, led by Jillian Huntley, examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites. It's merely a small part There are more than 300 known eave art sites around the region. The researchers note that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem, adding that climate change is a growing threat, one that deserves more attention.12. What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?A. Weather patterns.B. Salt crystals.C. Wet conditions.D. Drought Periods.13. Which of the following may researchers agree with?A. El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.B. Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.D. Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.14. Which word best describes Huntley's attitude to climate change?A. Worried.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Positive.15. What can we learn from thelast paragraph?A. The formation and patterns of salt crystals.B. The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.C. The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.D. The threats of human activities to ancient eave art sites.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年石家庄实验中学高三生物期中试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年石家庄实验中学高三生物期中试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 下列关于生物体内化合物的叙述，正确的是A.细胞中的水主要是结合水，是细胞结构的重要组成成分B.生物体内的糖类绝大多数以二糖的形式存在C.等质量的脂肪分子中氢元素的含量多于糖类D.糖原和脂肪分别是动物和植物的主要储能物质2. 下图表示一个由三条多肽链形成的蛋白质分子，共含271个氨基酸，图中每条虚线表示由两个R基中的—SH脱氢形成一个二硫键（—S—S—）。
下列相关叙述不正确的是（）A.组成该分子的氨基酸最多有21种B.氨基酸合成该分子后相对分子质量减少了4824C.该分子至少含有三个游离的氨基D.该物质遇到双缩脲试剂会发生紫色反应3. 某同学在显微镜下观察到某种细胞的局部分裂图像，对该图像分析正确的是（）A. 该图可能是高等植物根尖细胞分裂图像B. 该图细胞中每条染色体中含有一个DNA分子C. 该图可能是有丝分裂后期的图像D. 该图可能不是动物细胞的分裂图像4. 下列有关细胞膜的叙述，错误的是（）A.构成膜的脂质主要是磷脂、脂肪和胆固醇B.细胞间的信息交流大多与细胞膜的结构有关C.构成细胞膜的蛋白质分子大多数可以运动D.构成细胞膜的磷脂分子可以侧向自由移动5. 下列有关图中所示多肽的叙述中，正确的是A. 有游离的氨基和羧基各1个B. 由5个氨基酸缩合而成C. 该多肽在形成过程中失去了3分子水D. 有4种不同的侧链基团6. 紫罗兰单瓣花和重瓣花是一对相对性状，由一对基因B、b决定。
育种工作者利用野外发现的一株单瓣紫罗兰进行遗传实验，实验过程及结果如图。
据此作出的推测，合理的是（）A.重瓣对单瓣为显性性状B.紫罗兰单瓣基因纯合致死C.缺少B基因的配子致死D.含B基因的雄或雌配子不育7. 人类某遗传病受两对等位基因控制，已知基因A、a位于常染色体上，基因B、b位于X染色体上，且基因A、B同时存在时个体表现正常，其佘情况下均表现为患病。
2020-2021学年南昌十中高三生物上学期期中试卷及答案
2020-2021学年南昌十中高三生物上学期期中试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1.由新冠病毒引起的新冠肺炎疫情给人们的生活带来巨大影响。
已知新冠病毒是一种RNA病毒。
下列相关叙述错误的是（）A.新冠病毒不具有细胞结构，不属于生命系统的结构层次B.佩戴口罩能有效降低新冠病毒感染的风险C.新冠病毒和核糖体的主要成分类似D.新冠病毒的核酸彻底水解产物含有A、T、C、G四种碱基和核糖、磷酸2.根据下图所示分析a、b、c、d四个琼脂块中的生长素含量，正确的结论是（）A.a>b>cB.c>b>dC.b>a>cD.a=b=c3.如图表示在不同光照强度下某植物的氧气释放速率。
该植物在2000 lx光照强度下，每小时光合作用所产生的氧气量（mL）是（）A.12B.17C.18D.234.细胞中糖类可分为单糖、二糖和多糖，下列关于细胞中糖类的描述，错误的是（）A.单糖不能被水解B.蔗糖、麦芽糖、半乳糖都属于二糖C.生物体内的糖类绝大多数以多糖的形式存在D.构成糖原、纤维素的基本单位都是葡萄糖5.下列关于细胞中糖类和脂质的叙述，错误的是（）A.糖原、脂肪、胆固醇和磷脂均含有C、H、O元素B.淀粉作为储能物质广泛存在于植物细胞和动物细胞中C.糖类是细胞的主要能源物质，但某些糖类不能为细胞提供能量D.脂质具有组成细胞结构、储存能量以及调节生命活动的功能6.水分子中氢原子以共用电子对与氧原子结合。
由于氧具有比氢更强的吸引电子对的能力，使氧的一端稍带负电荷，氢的一端稍带正电荷。
水分子的空间结构及电子的不对称分布，使得水分子成为一个极性分子。
水分子间也可相互吸引，形成氢键，易于形成和断裂。
下列说法错误的是（）A.带有正电荷或负电荷的分子(或离子)都易与水结合，因此，水是良好的溶剂B.氢键的存在，使水具有较低的比热容(1Kg的物质温度上升1℃所需的能量)，因此，水能维持生命系统的稳定性C.自由水与结合水的比例处于动态变化中，与细胞的新陈代谢程度有关，有利于生物体适应不同的环境D.结合水与细胞中的蛋白质、多糖相结合，失去流动性和溶解性，无法参与生物化学反应7.某科研人员将水稻幼苗培养在含一定浓度的Mg2+和SiO44-的培养液中，一段时间后发现，与初始浓度相比，培养液中Mg2+浓度上升，SiO44-浓度下降下列叙述正确的是（）A. 水稻幼苗根毛区细胞吸收SiO44-并释放Mg2+B. 若增大培养液中SiO44-浓度，吸收速率会继续增加C. 水稻根细胞运输Mg2+和SiO44-的过程都属于被动运输D. 水稻根细胞膜上运输SiO44-的载体数量可能比运输Mg2+的载体数量多8.下列选项的图示中，能正确表示突触前膜释放神经递质，引起突触后膜兴奋的是（）A. B.C. D.9.新冠病毒不能被称为生命系统的主要依据是（）A.能够致病B.不能繁殖C.没有细胞结构，不能独立生活D.仅由蛋白质和核酸组成10.成熟的植物细胞之所以能够通过渗透作用吸收水分，是因为①细胞膜是选择透过性膜②细胞质具有一定浓度③原生质层类同于半透膜④细胞液具有一定浓度A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④11.血浆中的水来自（）A.组织液B.血浆、消化道C.淋巴组织液D.消化道、组织液、淋巴12.下列关于等位基因的说法，错误的是（）A.等位基因是由基因突变产生的B.等位基因具有相同的基本骨架C.一对性状只由一对等位基因控制D.正常情况下等位基因只存在于同源染色体上13.提取光合色素，进行纸层析分离，对该实验中各种现象的解释，正确的是A. 未见色素带，说明材料可能为黄化叶片B. 色素始终在滤纸上，是因为色素不溶于层析液C. 提取液呈绿色是由于含有叶绿素a和叶绿素bD. 胡萝卜素处于滤纸最前方，是因为其在提取液中的溶解度最高14.为了验证土壤中的微生物可以将淀粉分解产生还原糖，某研究小组取两只烧杯甲和乙，都放入等量的淀粉溶液20mL，甲中加入30mL制备好的土壤浸出液，乙中放入等量的蒸馏水，在适宜的温度下放置7天(所有操作符合无菌操作要求)。
2020-2021学年宁波市新城第一实验学校高三语文上学期期中试题及答案解析
2020-2021学年宁波市新城第一实验学校高三语文上学期期中试题及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成各题。
祖巷（节选）王剑冰进了村子就看到了高高的牌楼，上面写着“珠巩古巷”，吾家故乡我先见到了家乡的花，艳红艳红的，一问，洛神花。
守着花的女子说，这种花富含氨基酸，剥开花瓣泡水，对人好着呢。
八百多年的驷马桥卧在彩虹里，桥下一道水，流得更久。
石雕门楼框着悠长的古巷，巷道铺着石子，凸凹的感觉，透进脚心。
雨和尘沙，会顺着凹痕滑走，滑走的，还有轰轰烈烈或平平淡淡的时光。
明清时期的老宅子，有些挺立着，有些歪了肩角。
灰薄的瓦，干打垒的墙，墙上刷的白灰，掉了一半的皮。
一口“九龙井"，依然清澈甘冽，酿出的酒、沏出的茶都味道醇厚，制出的豆腐也嫩滑爽口。
慢慢地发现，这些拥挤的房屋都有极高的利用价值，不唯是生活功能，还有团结功能。
瞧，屋头大都贴了祠堂的名牌，这边是谢氏祠堂，那边是杨氏，旁边是冯氏，然后赵氏、钟氏、赖氏……我随脚踏进旁边的谢氏祠堂。
阳光从祠堂后面照进来，满屋亮堂。
房屋设计很讲究，会在后方为太阳留下通道，中间为雨水留下位置。
这样的老宅气韵祥和，舒适透爽。
一侧的墙上贴着红纸，上边写着人名。
一位老者从后面走出来，还没看清脸面，先见到露齿的笑，说来了，谢家的？我说是来看看。
老人叫谢崇政，七十五岁了，三个孩子都在外地，自己与老伴在这里，没什么事，就帮助谢家迎迎客人。
说话间我已经明白，墙上的名单，都是最近前来认祖的。
告别老谢出来，闪过诸多门口，前面出现了一座门楼，上面的石匾题为“珠巩楼”，门楼两旁，有不大的摊子，摆着细长的卷烟，竟然叫“珠机烟”。
摊后的女子笑意盈盈，介绍说，珠巩巷早就有种烟的历史，自家的烟叶收了用不完，便学着做卷烟，就地消化。
巷子里还有不少卖腊鸭的，一排排腊鸭挂在阳光下，泛着油亮的光彩，而且都标着是“腊巷”的腊鸭，一问，腊巷就是珠巩巷的一条街。
这让我立时想起前两天遇到的老者，难道他是珠巩巷人？我来时，火车卧铺外边走廊上一个小女孩让老人跟着她学诗，老人总是说错，小女孩就一次次地教。
山东省泰安市2020┄2021届高三上学期期中质量检测化学试题解析版
山东省泰安市2021年高三上学期期中质量检测化学试题（解析版）相对原子质量：H1 C12 N14 O16 S32 Fe56 Ba137第Ⅰ卷（选择题共46分）本卷共18题。
1—8题每小题2分，9—18题每小题3分，共46分。
每小题只有一．．．个．选项是符合题目要求的。
1．化学与生产、生活密切相关。
下列有关叙述正确的是A．大气雾霾污染现象的产生与汽车尾气排放有关B．玻璃和氮化硅陶瓷都属于新型无机非金属材料C．空气中的臭氧对人体健康有益无害D．活性炭与二氧化硫都可用于漂白，其漂白原理相同2．下列用品的有效成分及用途对应错误的是A B C D用品有效成分NaCl Na2CO3Al（OH）3Ca（ClO）2用途做调味品做发酵粉做抗酸药做消毒剂3．下列有关说法不正确的是A．根据化合物在水溶液或熔融状态下是否导电，将化合物分为电解质和非电解质B．氨气的水溶液能够导电，因此NH3是电解质C．电解质溶液的导电能力与溶液中离子浓度及离子所带电荷多少有关D．溶液与胶体的本质区别是分散质颗粒直径大小4．下列说法正确的是（其中N A表示阿伏加德罗常数）A．质子数相等、中子数不等的微粒一定属于同位素B．比黄金还贵的18O2和普通的16O2是两种不同的核素C．常温常压下，0．1molD216O中含中子数、质子数、电子数均为N AD．对人体有害元素氡的放射性同位素22286Rn，其原子中的质子数为1365．下列叙述中正确的是①标准状况下，1LHCl和1LH2O的物质的量相同②标准状况下，1gH2和14gN2的体积相同③28gCO的体积为22．4L④两种物质的物质的量相同，则它们在标准状况下的体积也相同⑤在同温同体积时，气体物质的物质的量越大，则压强越大⑥同温同压下，气体的密度与气体的相对分子质量成正比A．①②③B．④⑤⑥C．②③⑥D．②⑤⑥6．下列说法正确的是A．氧化还原反应的本质是有化合价的变化B．分解反应一定是氧化还原反应C．利用化合反应可制备FeCl2、Fe（OH）3D．在一定条件下能向正反两个方向进行的反应称为可逆反应7．下列说法正确的是A．Si是一种非金属主族元素，其晶体可用于制作计算机芯片B．工业上由NH3制碳铵属于氮的固定中的人工固氮C．Cl、Br、I的非金属性逐渐减弱，HCl、HBr、HI水溶液的酸性逐渐减弱D．S、P、Cl得电子能力和它们相应的最高价氧化物对应水化物的酸性均依次增强8．依据元素周期表及元素周期律，下列推断正确的是A．同一周期元素的原子，半径越小越容易失去电子B．ⅠA族元素的金属性比ⅡA族元素的金属性强C．若M+和R2-的核外电子层结构相同，则原子序数R＞MD．主族元素的最高正化合价等于该元素原子的最外层电子数9．分类法是一种行之有效、简单易行的科学方法。