【广东】2013版高中英语全程复习方略 素能提升演练(二十)必修4 Unit 5(人教版) Word版含解析]
素能提升演练（二十） 必修4 Unit 5 Ⅰ. 选词填空（注意使用单词的正确形式） admission creature unique swing attraction preserve amusement various minority advanced 1. Oil ________ metal from rust. 2. Today many people are experiencing the joy of the __________ park for the first time. 3. Only a _________ of students receive the scholarship. 4. Many people would agree that it is one of the most technologically _________ theme parks in the world after visiting Futuroscope in France. 5. When in conferences, he often leaves for _______ reasons. 6. A week after his _________ into the army, he fell ill. 7. There is a _______ opportunity to travel. 8. The girl sat on a swing, ________ back and forth. 9. In science fiction, aliens are ________ from the outer world. 10. The beautiful beaches are the island’s main ________. Ⅱ. 完成句子 1. People prefer to buy dolls for their children in this supermarket, because the price here is not very expensive, _________________________. (vary) 人们都乐意在这个超市里给孩子买玩具，因为这儿的价格不是太贵，从一百元到五百元不等。 2. The date of the meeting ____________________________________. （advance） 会议日期已经提前了一周。 3. People rely too much on computer. ______________________________ we say that computers are taking over the world. (wonder) 人们太依赖电脑了，难怪我们说电脑正接管世界。 4. Put down whatever _______________ and join in the party. (do) 放下你手头的事情参加聚会去。 5. These pictures can be kept for free. You may take _____________________. (whichever) 这些图画可免费收藏，你喜欢哪幅就拿哪幅。 6. __________________ in hot summer was a problem in ancient times. (preserve) 夏天如何保存食物是古代的一道难题。 7. The two buildings _____________________________ the same pattern are of different use. (model) 这两幢仿造同一风格的楼房用途各异。 8. It was a long journey. Not until we came to our destination _________________ _______. (come) 这是一个长途旅行，直到目的地孩子们才活跃起来。 9. He was punished ________________ the law. (break) 他因犯法而受到了惩罚。 10. _________________________________________________________________ correctly, he stopped to look it up in a dictionary. (pronounce) 因为他不知道如何正确读这个单词，他停下来去查词典。 Ⅲ. 信息匹配 请阅读下列应用文及其相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。 首先请阅读下列电视节目的信息： A. Groovy Movies Tune in every Friday night at 7 p．m．and Sunday at 6 p．m．for fun-filled successful movies that the whole family can enjoy! B. Ready or Not Follow the ups and downs of life with best friends Amanda Zimm and Busy Ramone as they deal with adolescence, boys, family, school and friends．The series began with the girls in the seventh grade but later progressed to the eighth and the ninth grades． C. Are You Afraid of the Dark? A group of kids calling themselves “The Midnight Society” sit around a campfire sharing scary stories．Creepy, but never excessively frightening, common subjects include haunted houses（鬼屋）, what goes on behind the neighbor’s walls, and other things that go bump at night． D. The Secret Show The Secret Show is about secret people doing secret things．Special agents Victor Volt and Anita Knight work for U．Z．Z, protecting the world against the evil forces of T．H．E．M．Victor and Anita manage to save the world—or large part of it． E. Serious Amazon Serious Amazon follows eight young adventurers as they face the dangers of the Peruvian Amazon, exploring the habitat and meeting the inhabitants who rely on the river for their survival．Living with the local tribes, they help with various projects, including building an enclosure for rare red uakari monkeys（红秃猴）． F. Mr．Bean—Animated Mr．Bean, one of the world’s most popular comedy characters, is back, but this time he’s a cartoon hero, appearing in a new series of animated adventures! Rowan Atkinson provides his voice for these happy animated adventures． 下面是一些个人信息。请根据这些信息匹配他们要观看的电视节目。 1. Tom is a brave young boy．He loves to watch horrible movies in his spare time．Now it’s summer holiday and he wants to watch one of this kind of programs which can somewhat scare other people． 2. Mary is 14 years old this year．She likes watching shows on TV．Because she is now passing into adolescence, her mother asks her to watch some TV programs which can help her deal with problems that girls at her age will meet． 3. Mike dreams to be an adventurer when he grows up, so he is fond of watching programs from which he can learn some skills and knowledge on how to explore a new place．Since he has no classes this weekend, he decides to watch such a program． 4. George likes watching programs about secret agents．He feels excited when the agents achieve their goals at last．So every week, he is sure to watch one of these kinds of programs． 5. Jane likes watching comedies in her spare time．She is crazy about the characters that are lively and funny．When she is watching her favorite TV programs, nothing can tear her away from the sofa． Ⅳ. 基础写作 假设你是学校太阳能汽车研究小组的成员，请用英文写一篇短文，对比介绍太阳能汽车和普通汽车。主要信息点如下表： 太阳能汽车 普通汽车 特点 使用太阳能 使用汽油、燃气 优点 安全、清洁 能量足，使用方便
【全程复习方略】2015届高考政治第一轮复习 第九课 建设社会主义文化强国课件 新人教版必修3
风尚。
【考题体验】 3.(2014·石家庄模拟)习近平指出,中国将坚定实施科教兴国 战略,始终把教育摆在优先发展的战略位置,不断扩大投入,努
力发展全民教育、终身教育,建设学习型社会,努力让每个孩子
享有受教育的机会。我们之所以要重视教育是因为 ①教育对人的发展起着决定性作用 ②教育具有选择、传递、创造文化的特定功能 ③教育是文化建设的中心环节 ④教育是民族振兴和社会进步的基石 A.①② B.①③ C.③④ D.②④ ( )
【加固训练】 1.(2014·西安模拟)最近各地卫视相继推出“最美教师”“最 美警察”等“最美”系列节目,强调社会教育和价值塑造,挖掘 社会真善美,弘扬善良、勇敢、仁爱、乐观、奉献等精神,获得 社会好评。下列说法正确的是 ( )
①“最美”系列节目受到公众好评,体现了优秀文化的时代价
值 ②主流媒体宣传社会主义先进文化,有助于削弱大众文化影响 力
【重点突破】
为什么保障人民群众的文化权益
文化的实质是一种精神力量,能够在人们认 识世界、改造世界的过程中转化为物质力 从文化的作 量,对社会发展产生深刻影响 用看 文化可以影响人、塑造人,丰富精神世界, 增强精神力量,促进人的全面发展
从人民群 人民群众是社会实践的主体,是文化创造的主 众的地位 体,人们在社会实践中创造和发展文化,也在社 看 会实践中获得和享用文化
何等亲切,他们能够把周围的事物伦理化。这给我们的启示是
( A.必须尊重和认同传统文化 B.认识世界要以发挥主观能动性为前提 C.要增强文化建设的自觉性 D.要发挥意识改造客观世界的能动作用 )
【解析】选C。 选项 A B C D 具体分析 传统文化有优劣之分,所以不能一概尊 重和认同 认识世界要以尊重客观规律为前提,充 分发挥主观能动性 古人把生存的环境伦理化,说明要自觉 进行文化建设 意识作为人的主观因素不能直接改造客 观世界 结论 排除 排除 入选 排除
2012版高中英语全程复习方略配套课件：Module6(外研版必修4)
myths grew out of.
Ⅳ. 教材设题 1. It often gets angry and will ______ anyone who goes ______
to it.
A. attack; closely B. adapt; close
______ lake with his family.
A. A; the B. The; the
CA。考查冠词。第一个空填不定冠词, 是因为此处
表示“另一个报告”, 相当于another report。第二个空填the,
是特指上文提到的湖。
3. It is 2, 189 metres high and ______ an area of about ten
C. attack; close
D. adapt; closely
【解析】选C。句意：它经常发怒, 总是攻击走近它的人。
attack攻击; adapt适应; close靠近的(地); closely仔细地, 密切
地。由句意可知C正确。
2. ______ third report came from Li Xiaohe, who was visiting
out .
1. Listen! Do you hear someone ______ for help? ［2010湖南, 21］ A. calling B. call C. to call D. called
【解析】选A。句意：听！你听见有人在呼救吗？根据句意 可知此处考查hear someone+ doing sth. , 表示“听到某人正 在做某事”。
2012版高中英语全程复习方略配套课件：Unit4《Cyberspace》(北师大版必修2)
the Internet。
3. Some experts see our future in virtual reality-the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel _____ you are in a real situation. A. as if B. even if
5. more than. . . 比……多
Auckland is called “the city of sails” because it has more boats than anywhere else (船比任何地方都多)in the world.
Ⅳ. 教材设题
1. Peter Taylor finds out how computers and the Internet are
语气, 故选A。
7. It has a population of just under a million people and ______ on North Island. A. located B. locates C. is located D. locate
【解析】选C。考查时态用法。locate意为 “使……坐落 在”, 常用被动语态be located“位于”。
【解析】选B。本题中that从句为虚拟语气，四个选项中能 用于这一结构的只有名词suggestion，其他名词都不具备此 特点。
5. Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200, 000, a (n) _____ of 40, 000 per
高中数学全程学习方略配套课件：2.3.1等差数列的前n项和(人教A版必修5)
故n=13时，Sn有最大值169.
……………………12分
【误区警示】对解答本题时易犯错误的具体分析如下：
1.在等差数列{an}中，已知a1=4，a6=6，则前6项和S6=（ ）
（A）70 （Ｂ）35 （Ｃ）30 （Ｄ）12
【解析】选Ｃ．S6＝（6 a1 a6）＝6＝（340．6）
2
2
2.等差数列{an}的前ｎ项和为Sn，若a3＋a17＝10，则
1 099 100
11=0 -110190. (
2
11 50
)
故此数列的前110项之和为-110.
方法二:数列S10,S20-S10,S30-S20,…,S100-S90,S110-S100成等差 数列,设其公差为D,前10项和为10S10+102 9·D=S100=10 D=-22,∴S110-S100=S10+(11-1)D =100+10×(-22)=-120.
②若共有2n+1项，则S2n+1=（2n+1）an+1； S偶-S奇=-an+1；S偶∶S奇=n∶（n+1）； ③“片段和”性质： 等差数列{an}中，公差为d，前k项的和为Sk，则Sk，S2k-Sk， S3k-S2k，…，Smk-S（m-1）k,…构成公差为k2d的等差数列.
【例2】Sn是等差数列{an}的前n项和，且S10=100，S100=10， 求S110. 【审题指导】题目给出等差数列{an}中的S10=100， S100=10，欲求S110，可由等差数列前n项和公式列出方程 组，求出a1和d，然后求出S110.或由等差数列“片段和”性 质Sk，S2k-Sk，S3k-S2k，…，Smk-S（m-1）k,…构成公差为 k2d的等差数列求出公差，然后求出S110.
【全程复习方略】2014年高考政治一轮课件：必修4 第4单元 第11课 寻觅社会的真谛(广东专供)
3.社会的基本矛盾与基本规律
生产关系 的矛盾、经济基础和___ 上 (1)社会基本矛盾:生产力和_________
层建筑 的矛盾,是贯穿人类社会始终的基本矛盾。 _______ 生产力 状况的规律,上 (2)社会基本规律:生产关系一定要适合_______ 经济基础 状况的规律,是在任何社会中都起 层建筑一定要适合_________ 作用的普遍规律。
2.人民群众创造历史的作用
(1)人民群众是社会物质财富的创造者。
精神财富 的创造者。 (2)人民群众是社会_________ 社会变革 的决定力量,是_________ 社会变革 的主力军。 (3)人民群众是_________
3.群众观点人民群众自己解放自己,全心全意___________,
4.社会历史发展的总趋势 (1)社会发展的实现方式 ①社会发展是在生产力和生产关系、经济基础和上层建筑的矛 社会基本矛盾 的不断解决中实现的。 盾运动中,在_____________ 前进 的、_____ 上升 的,发展的过程是 ②社会历史发展的总趋势是_____ 曲折的。 ③封建社会代替奴隶社会,资本主义代替封建主义,社会主义经 资本主义 。这是社会历史发展 历一个长过程发展后必然代替_________ 不可逆转的总趋势。
(三年5考★★★)
社会历史发展的总趋势 社会发展的实现方式;社会主义
(三年3考★★)
人民群众是历
社会的基本矛盾的特点
人民群众的概念;人民群众创造
史的创造者
(三年8考★★★★)
历史的作用;群众观点和群众路
线
一、社会存在与社会意识 1.基本概念 (1)社会存在:是指社会生活的物质方面,它的最主要、最根本 物质资料的生产方式 。 的内容是___________________ (2)社会意识:是指社会生活的精神方面,是人类社会中各种精 社会心理 和各种不同的 神生活现象的总称,它包括风俗习惯、_________ 社会意识形式。
【全程复习方略】2015届高考政治第一轮复习 第七课 唯物辩证法的联系观课件 新人教版必修4
区分整体或部分的重要性,与方法论对应较差。
(2)第二种方式:也是从两个方面进行表述,一是强调整体的重 要性,要用到整体的地位、功能,部分离不开整体,整体影响部
分;二是强调部分的重要性,要用到部分离不开整体,部分影响
整体,特别是关键部分对整体起决定作用。此种表述的优点是
对应方法论明确,突出二者各自的重要性,但缺点是不利于很好
地把握二者的辩证关系。 (3)建议在理解二者关系时遵循第一种方式,表述原理与方法论 时遵循第二种方式。
【考题体验】 3.(2013·江苏单科)“幸福指数”是一个综合的主体感受反应 的集束指标,其中单一元素的突进,也许在提升幸福感上的作用
并不明显,而某单一元素的塌陷却常会给幸福感带来滑坡效应。
这表明 ( )
4.(2012·广东文综)“苹果之父”乔布斯认为,产品应该能够 “改变世界”,产品设计和制造的每个环节都要追求做到完美
无瑕。这体现了
(
)
A.能力卓越是实现个人价值的必要条件
B.主观唯心主义的倾向
C.实践改造世界向产品改变世界的转变 D.系统优化的方法
【解析】选D。本题主要考查系统优化的方法。材料中强调产
2.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)物理学家格拉塞有一次喝啤酒时, 将几块小鸡骨丢入啤酒杯里,啤酒的气泡显示了鸡骨沉落的轨 迹。受此启发,他经过不断实验,发现带电高能粒子在穿越液态
氢时,同样出现一串气泡。他由此发明了“气泡室”,成功探测
出高能粒子的运行轨迹,并因此荣获诺贝尔物理学奖。这一事 例表明 ( )
A.要坚持具体问题具体分析
B.要在普遍联系中把握事物 C.人为事物的联系具有主观性 D.既要看到现象,更要把握事物的本质
【解析】选D。猫头鹰被人抚摸呈现出傻气而乖巧的“萌”是 现象,实质是因恐惧而身体僵硬,动作缓慢,故选D。A、B说法正
2014高考英语全程复习方略 课时提升 作业十五：Unit3 Science and nature(牛津译林版必修5)
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课时提升作业(十五)必修5Unit 3Ⅰ. 单项填空1. (2013·天水模拟)I would like a job which pays more, but _______ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.A. in other wordsB. on the other handC. for one thingD. as a matter of fact2. (2013·杭州模拟)Despite all the benefits of building the subway in the city center, only a few people argued _______ the project.A. in terms ofB. in place ofC. in favor ofD. in need of3. (2013·厦门模拟)In most cases, you need to obtain a work _______ so that you can work legally.A. permissionB. agencyC. talentD. permit4. (2013·抚州模拟)He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to _______ his acceptance in writing.A. proveB. investigateC. suspectD. confirm5. (2013·潍坊模拟) _______ Apple’s iPhone4S disappointed its fans，its later success was beyond what people could expect.A. WhenB. AsC. UnlessD. While6. The poor mother had no choice but have her son _______. She had no money to support him to finish the education he needed.A. adaptedB. adoptedC. adjustedD. applied7. —Can you explain how it _______ that you were an hour late? —Sorry, sir. I overslept.A. brought aboutB. came aboutC. turned outD. worked out8. Alice is kind, careful, energetic and has much experience in looking after children. In a word, she is _______.A. comfortableB. flexibleC. availableD. reliable9. Any help from you will be greatly appreciated. Please give me a reply at your earliest _______.A. instructionB. convenienceC. intentionD. consideration10. If he had had enough time to _______ what he was learning, he would have succeeded in passing the entrance exam.A. concentrate onB. apply toC. put forwardD. bring about11. I really can’t _______ with the loud noise outside. It is driving me crazy.A. come upB. put upC. push aheadD. get through12. All the teachers are well aware of the fact that most students, especially teens, need help and encouragement _______ punishment.A. other thanB. rather thanC. or ratherD. more than13. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _______.A. would have been savedB. had been savedC. must be savedD. was saved14. The death of the actress was so unexpected and _______ the making of the film had to be stopped temporarily.A. in consequenceB. in returnC. in particularD. in conclusion15. _______ by a worldwide best-seller, the film Life of Pi itself is a victory over its difficulties.A. InspiringB. To inspireC. InspiredD. InspireⅡ. 完形填空It’s a sad and familiar sentence from a beggar that we often hear. Usually，when asked “Can you spare some 1 ? ”，I’ve been struck with a feeling of 2 if I passed by without giving a coin or two.My conscience was hurt again when I was making a 3 in Venice in 2010. I was sitting in a quiet cafe. Outside the cafe on the street was an old woman on her knees， 4 . Steady streams of 5 were walking past her. A young backpacker stood away from the crowd drinking something, but I noticed he was also 6 the woman.She knelt motionlessly，her head almost touching the ground，a worn blanket providing little 7 against the cold. The sight was especially8 when compared with the signs of the 9 city around her.A tourist group hurried along the street，10 at the woman and walked on. Another group of tourists arrived，11 again，walked past her. The backpacker watched. Then，as I prepared to leave，I stopped at the sight of the backpacker 12 and placing some money in the woman’s cup. He did this rather13 ，just before the arrival of another tourist group. I watched 14 the leader of the group stopped and put some money in the cup. With the young man 15 the way，other tourists followed suit.The young backpacker 16 this process in front of the next tour party going past. Once again，the subtle peer(同伴)pressure 17 onthe tourists，who all added coins to the cup. His work done，the young man walked over to the old beggar woman and said，“I hope that18 a bit. ”I placed some money in the woman’s cup and19 my tour，light-hearted after witnessing such a 20 act of caring. (344W)1. A. time B. effort C. change D. reward2. A. satisfaction B. guiltC. angerD. pleasure3. A. lecture B. report C. study D. tour4. A. crying B. begging C. singing D. dancing5. A. passengers B. customersC. touristsD. foreigners6. A. ignoring B. servingC. observingD. following7. A. protection B. preventionC. preparationD. presentation8. A. frightening B. touchingC. fascinatingD. interesting9. A. peaceful B. noisyC. wealthyD. primitive10. A. glanced B. laughedC. shoutedD. stared11. A. unless B. so C. but D. or12. A. looking around B. stepping forwardC. getting aboutD. breaking in13. A. secretly B. carelesslyC. deliberatelyD. eagerly14. A. since B. before C. after D. as15. A. showing B. pushingC. losingD. pointing16. A. stopped B. valuedC. madeD. repeated17. A. moved B. reliedC. workedD. carried18. A. helps B. mattersC. countsD. improves19. A. cancelled B. continuedC. startedD. delayed20. A. funny B. smart C. simple D. modestⅢ. 阅读理解It is now February 7, 2035. The search engine TalkTalk will be open to the public next week and this service will soon be something beyond your imagination. For the first time you can not only talk to the search engine, but you can discuss with it what you are looking for.For example, if you want to know more about the oil price, TalkTalk asks if you want to know the current oil price, the development of the oil price, or news related to the oil price. You say that you want to read news about it and TalkTalk then directs you to your source, or lets you have the latest news related to the oil price in order from the most respectable sources.Compared with other search services that use a certain algorithm (程序) to provide data from a search, the artificial intelligence(人工智能)behind TalkTalk is said to easily spot if a certain source is aiming to cheat the searcher. TalkTalk also judges and stores every given reply and discussion, to learn how to give correct answers. TalkTalk is also set to answer questions directly where there is a definite answer. How well this will work in the long run is yet to be seen, but thousands of people have tested TalkTalk and the quality is really good.The first talking search engine saw the light of day more than 30 years ago and was called Speegle. It could read the results from a written search on the Internet, and was mostly for blind people.So far, TalkTalk cannot read the information from a certain source to you by phone, if it is not freely available. There are currently talks to find an arrangement for this, but it would most likely be difficult because of copyright(版权).TalkTalk is available over the Internet and also by phone, eventhough it only speaks English. There are no plans to add other languages in the near future, most likely because it will cost a lot of money. When you are tired of asking TalkTalk all yo ur questions, just ask, “Where is TalkTalk? ” and you will get an answer that will make you leave it with a smile on your lips. (383W)1. The example in Paragraph 2 is given to show _______.A. how to use the search engine TalkTalkB. how to search for news on the InternetC. the oil price is a very hot issue currentlyD. TalkTalk has a very high intelligence2. The advantage of TalkTalk is that it can _______.A. be available wherever you goB. tell if a certain source is reliableC. read the search results for youD. offer different kinds of search results3. What can be inferred from the text?A. TalkTalk can read all the information online.B. TalkTalk will speak other languages soon.C. TalkTalk may have a bright future.D. TalkTalk is very expensive.4. What would be the best title for the text?A. Hello, TalkTalkB. Where is TalkTalkC. TalkTalk is improvingD. Development of search engines5. In which part of a future newspaper can you read the text?A. Opinion.B. Culture.C. Lifestyle.D. Technology.【语篇随练】根据阅读理解翻译句子1. Compared with other search services that use a certain algorithm to provide data from a search, the artificial intelligence behind TalkTalk is said to easily spot if a certain source is aiming to cheat the searcher. 【译】___________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ________2. The first talking search engine saw the light of day more than 30 years ago and was called Speegle.【译】___________________________________________________________ __答案解析1.【解析】选B。
【全程复习方略】2015届高考政治第一轮复习 第五课 我国的人民代表大会制度课件 新人教版必修2
【重点突破】 理解三个“不等于” (1)最高国家权力机关≠权力机关:前者特指全国人民代表大会, 后者则指全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会,后者包
括前者。
(2)人民代表大会≠人大常委会:人大常委会是人民代表大会的
常设机关,在人大闭会期间,人大常委会代行部分职权,对人大
负责。但是我国乡镇一级人大不设人大常委会。
A.国务院行使修改法律的职能
B.全国人大可以委托国务院行使立法权 C.国务院可以对所有法律进行修改 D.立法权由全国人大及其常委会行使
【解析】选D。本题考查国务院、全国人大及其常设机关的职 权。国务院起草和修订的法律最终要由全国人大及其常委会审
议体现了全国人大及其常委会行使立法权 ,D项正确。A项错误,
【考题体验】 3.(2013·上海单科)“实行民主集中制,就是要求充分发扬民 主,集体议事,使人民的意愿和要求得到充分表达和反映,在此
基础上集中正确意见,集体决策,使人民的意愿和要求得以落实
和满足。”(《中国的民主政治建设》白皮书)对这段话概括最 全面的是 ( )
A.实行民主集中制,要求集体议事和集体决策 B.实行民主集中制,要求落实和满足人民的意愿和要求 C.实行民主集中制,要求充分表达和反映人民的意愿和要求 D.实行民主集中制,要求在充分发扬民主的基础上集中正确意
稳定发挥了积极的作用。要使这一制度更好地发挥作用,人大
代表应 ( )
①密切联系群众,广泛听取和反映人民群众的意见 ②积极行使提案权,为经济社会发展建言献策 ③积极行使立法权,完善我国的法律体系 ④努力为人民服务,对人民负责,并接受人民监督 A.①② B.③④ C.①④ D.②④
【解析】选C。“人大代表直通卡”制度架起了人大代表与选
答案:提高基层代表在全国人大中的比例,是为了加强基层群众 与全国人大的联系,使基层群众的利益和意志在国家层面得到 更好地反映,使全国人大制定的法律政策更加符合基层群众的 需求,更好地实现人民当家作主。
【全程复习方略】2014年高考政治一轮课件：必修4 第1单元 第1课 美好生活的向导(广东专供)
提示:此观点错误。哲学与具体科学是一般和个别的关系。
7.离开了哲学世界观的指导,科学研究就不能取得进展。( × )
提示:此观点错误。科学研究有可能在自发的世界观的指引下
取得一定的成果。
要点一
准确把握哲学的内涵
情景观察 十年来,广东哲学社会科学界走
问题导学 ①为什么走特点突出发 展道路? ②哲学服务于经济社会 说明了什么?
人物”。“双百”人物都具有崇高的社会理想、坚定的道德信
念、忠诚的爱国之心和忘我的奉献精神。这表明( )
A.理想信念对“双百”人物的成长起决定作用
B.世界观是人们自觉形成的哲学理论体系 C.世界观对人们认识世界和改造世界具有指导作用 D.培养道德模范是社会主义精神文明建设的根本任务
【解析】选C。本题综合考查文化生活与哲学生活的知识。理 想信念作为精神的力量不具有决定作用,培养“四有”新人是 社会主义精神文明建设的根本任务,A、D均为错误观点。一般 人的世界观是自发形成的,B项错误。“双百”人物的奉献精神,
情景观察
问题导学
一个叫乌克斯库尔的俄国人为了学习黑格 ①黑格尔为什么 尔哲学,专门去请教黑格尔,第一次的时候 劝乌克斯库尔先 他把黑格尔的书几乎都买了下来,却发现 自修代数、自然 一句也读不懂。于是他又去找黑格尔诉苦。 科学、地理和拉 黑格尔劝他先自修代数、自然科学、地理 丁文再学哲学? 和拉丁文。当他第三次来请教黑格尔时, 黑格尔对他的勤奋和学识非常满意,才引 ②乌克斯库尔为 导他真正研究哲学。后来,乌克斯库尔无 什么总是随身携 带着黑格尔的 论走到哪里,总是随身携带着黑格尔的 《逻辑学》? 《逻辑学》。
方法论 ②哲学是世界观和方法论的统一:不存在脱离世界观的_______, 世界观 。 也不存在脱离方法论的_______
【全程复习方略】2014年高考政治一轮课件：必修4 第1单元 第2课 百舸争流的思想(广东专供)
3.客观唯心主义 客观精神 看作世界的主宰和本原,认为现实的 (1)根本思想:把_________ 物质世界只是这些客观精神的外化和表现。 (2)认识根源:把概念夸大为脱离物质的神化了的绝对,就会导 致客观唯心主义。
2.思维和存在的关系问题成为哲学基本问题的根据 生活和实践 活动中首先遇到和无法回避。 (1)在___________ (2)一切哲学都不能回避、必须回答。 性质 和_____, 方向 决定着对其他哲学问 (3)决定着各种哲学的基本_____ 题的回答。
二、唯物主义及其形态 1.唯物主义的根本观点 本原 的,意识是派生的,先有物质后有意识,物质_____ 决定 物质是_____ 意识。 2.古代朴素唯物主义的两方面特点
2.哲学派别划分的依据
(1)哲学基本问题的第一方面即思维和存在何者为本原的问题, 首先从性质上把哲学划分为唯物主义和唯心主义两大阵营。由 于对这个问题的不同回答,各种哲学派别最终都会站在唯物主 义或唯心主义的旗帜下。 (2)根据哲学基本问题的第二方面即思维和存在有没有同一性 的问题,或者说思维能否正确认识存在、思维怎样认识存在的
性的问题,即思维能否正确认识存在的问题。把哲学的基本问
题等同于它的第一方面,犯了形而上学的简单化错误。
(2)不能把物质与意识的关系等同于物质与意识的辩证关系:物
质和意识的关系问题是任何哲学都要回答的哲学基本问题,不
同性质的哲学对它的回答方式有着很大的差异;物质和意识的 辩证关系是辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义对哲学基本问题的回 答,是全面的、辩证的、科学的。
3.2012年6月,一些农民工跪拜范仲淹像,希望能显灵,帮助讨还